山东省青岛市莱西市2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期末试题（Word版附解析）

高一学业水平阶段性检测(四)英语试卷2023.7注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号、回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分:听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题:每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whattimeisitnow?A.Itis7:30.B.Itis7:00.C.Itis6:30.2.Whataretheytalkingabout?A.Anappointment.B.Theweather?C.Doingexercise.3.WhatdoesJimthinkofhisnewiPad?A.Heispleasedwithit.BHethinkshecouldhavefoundabetterone.C.Helikedhisoldonebetter.4.Whereistheconversationprobablytakingplace?A.Inashop.B.Atabank.C.Inanoffice.5.Whatcanwelearnfromthisconversation?A.Bobdidn’tinviteMarytohiswedding.B.Marydoesn’twanttogototheweddingC.MaryhasgotanotherplanforSundaynight.-25- 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whereistheconversationprobablytakingplace?A.AtDisneylandB.Onabus.C.Inthestreet.7.WhendoesDisneylandopenonSunday?A.At8:30.B.At9:00.C.At9:30.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.What’sthemostlikelyrelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Teacherandstudent.9.Whatdoesthegirlagreetodo?A.Loseweight.B.Studyhard.C.Domoreexercise.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题.10.WhichpositiondidMr.Smithapplyfor?A.Salesmanager.B.Engineer.C.Instructor.11.WhenisMr.Smithgoingtohavehisinterview?A.OnFebruary5th.B.OnFebruary7th.C.OnFebruary8th.12.WhichonedoesMr.Smithneedtobringtohisinterview?A.Anapplicationletter.B.AnIDcard.C.Hisresume.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whataretheytalkingabout?A.Rentinganapartment.B.Decoratinganapartment.C.Buyinganapartment14.Whichapartmentmeetsthewoman’srequirements?A.Aone-bedroomapartmentwithfullfurniture.B.Atwo-bedroomapartmentwithoutaheatingsystem.C.Atwo-bedroomapartmentwithfullfurnitureandotherfacilities.15.Whichfloorwouldthewomanprefer?-25- A.Thefourthfloor.B.Thefourteenthfloor.C.Thetwenty-fourthfloor.16.What’sthewoman’stelephonenumber?A.It’s78268385.B.It’s76288385.C.It’s78268583.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.What’sthespeakertalkingabout?A.Plasticbags.B.Airpollution.C.Thegovernment18.Whatisharmfulaboutplasticbags?A.Theymakeitdifficulttodogarbagesorting.B.Theyarelightandarethrownawayeverywhere.C.Theycausewhitepollution.19.What’sthespeaker’ssuggestion?A.Itwouldbebetterifweusedtraditionalclothbags.B.Peopleshouldbeforbiddentouseplasticbags.C.Weshouldburyplasticbagsinthesoil.20.What’sthespeaker’sattitudetowardthegovernmentban?A.Negative.B.Positive.C.Doubtful.第二部分。阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15个小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AUpcomingFoodFestivalsinSummerStuttgarterWeindorf(Stuttgart,Germany),August21-25Thisfoodfestivalcelebrateswineonthelandofbeer.Germanwineisobviouslyunderrated.Stuttgart’sannualWeindorfsees28openairrestaurantsservingmorethan500winesfromBadenandWurttemberg,withreds,whites,rosesandsparklingversionsallavaiable.Freshpretzelsandchocolateswillalsobeavailabletohelpmopupthealcohol.Matstreif(Oslo,Norway),July11-12Withawidevarietyofdishesavailableatwallet-sparingprices,thiseventseesmorethan200foodstallsopenforbusinessinOslo’sCityHallSquare.Boldfoodiesshouldtry“rakfisk”-rottenfish.Ifthatsoundsabitmuch,there’salways“svele”,a-25- kindofpancakethatoriginatesfromwesternNorway.LochLomondFoodandDrinkFestival(LochLomond,Scotland),August4-6The10thannualeditionofthisfestivaloffersoneofthebestshowcasesforScottishproduce.Onthemenuarelocalspecialtiesandvenison(鹿肉)fromthesurroundingnationalpark.Forthosewholikeacompetitiveedgewiththeirlunch,there’sevena“haggis”eatingcontestthatpitseighthungryvisitorsagainsteachothertoseewhocaneatapoundofthelocalfoodCheese2023(Bra,Italy),August27-September2Thenameisabitofagiveawayhere.Thisbi-annualeventseesItaly’sbestcheesemakersgatheronthesmalltownofBra.Itsfreetovisit,althoughplentyofeuros(欧元)areneededtopayforsamplesandtryoutsomeofthecoursesonoffer.Whatevertheyarehuntingfor,cheeseloverswillbewelltakencareof.Theyjustneedtomakesurethere’stimeforpost-cheesesnoozebeforethenextroundofcheesetasting.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoattheNorwegianfoodfestival?A.Trysomepancakes.B.Eatapoundofhaggis.C.Drinkredandwhitewines.D.Buysamplesofcheese.2.Wherecanpeoplejoininaneatingcompetition?A.InOslo,Norway.B.InLochLomond,Scotland.C.InStuttgart,Gemmany.D.InBra,Italy.3.Whichfoodfestivallastslongest?A.Matstreif.B.LochLomondFoodandDrinkFestival.C.StuttgarterWeindorf.D.Cheese2023.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了即将到来的夏季美食节。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据标题Matstreif(Oslo,Norway),July11-12下面第二段末句“Ifthatsoundsabitmuch,there’salways“svele”,akindofpancakethatoriginatesfromwestenNorway.(如果这听起来有点多，还有“svele”，一种起源于挪威西部的煎饼。)”可知-25- ，游客在挪威美食节上可以吃到煎饼。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据标题LochLomondFoodandDrinkFestival(LochLomond,Scotland),August4-6下面第二段“Forthosewholikeacompetitiveedgewiththeirlunch,there’sevena“haggis”eatingcontestthatpitseighthungryvisitorsagainsteachothertoseewhocaneatapoundofthelocalfood.(对于那些喜欢在午餐上有竞争优势的人来说，甚至还有一个“吃羊肚杂碎”比赛，让8个饥饿的游客互相竞争，看谁能吃下一磅当地食物。)”可知，人们参加吃食比赛是在LochLomond,Scotland。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据标题1“StuttgarterWeindorf(Stuttgart,Germany),August21-25”，标题2“Matstreif(Oslo,Norway),July11-12”，标题3“LochLomondFoodandDrinkFestival(LochLomond,Scotland),August4-6”以及标题4“Cheese2023(Bra,Italy),August27-September2”可知，Cheese2023的食物节持续时间最长，从8月27日至9月2日。故选D。BItwasabout10yearsagothatSandynoticedhermother,Pearl,hadbecomequietaftershemovedintoanursinghomeforpatientsofAlzheimer’sdisease.“Wetriedeverything—photos,oldstoriesbutnothingworked,”shesaid.“Itwasreallyhardforeveryonetoseehowshehadchanged.”ThenonedaywhileSandywasinatoystore,shehadanidea:WhynotgivePearlababydollsoshecouldfeelasifshewerecaringforsomethingagain?Andwhynotgiveonetoalltheelderlyinthecarecenter?AssoonasSandygavePearlthedoll,hermother’sfacelitup.“Shestartedtalkingagainandsheneverwentanywherewithoutthatbaby,”Sandysad.“Shetookthe‘baby’tothediningroomwithherandsleptwithherinherarmseverynight.Thedollbrightenedherlastyearsindeed.”Inthefollowing10years,Sandyandherhusband,Wayne,continuedtobuydollsandhandthemouttotheelderlyofcarecentersneartheirhomeeveryNewYear.NowPear’sMemoryBabiesisanonprofit(非营利)organizationthathascontributedmorethan300dollscoolpeoplewithAlzheimer’sdiseaseatnursinghomessinceFebruary2018.Lastyear,SandypostedNewYear’sphotosonFacebook,allofwhichareaboutseniorsreactedtodollsthatsheandWaynesenttoalocalnursinghome.Thepostwassharedmorethan210,000timesovernight.Peoplegavealmost$15,000online.Thathelpedthegroupbuymanydolls.-25- “Thedollsoffertreatmentandcomfort”saidanurseworkingatacarecenter:“Someoldladiescrywhentheygetadoll.Andtheyalwaysrockandtalktotheirdolls.PeoplewithAlzheimermightlosetheirmemories,buttheydon’tlosetheirabilitytolove.”4.HowdidPearlchangeaftershemovedtoanursinghome?A.Shefeltbored.B.Shelosthopeinlife.C.ShehardlytalkedD.Sheforgoteverything.5.HowdidPearlreactafterreceivingthedoll?A.Shebegantocry.B.Shedidn’tcareaboutit.C.Sheshareditwithababy.D.Shewasverydelighted.6.What’sParagraph5mainlyabout?A.People’sresponsetoSandy’spost.B.WhatSandydidforhermother.C.Therisingneedsforbabydolls.D.HowSandybecamefamous.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.GoodNewsforAlzheimer’sPatientsB.HowtoRemoveAlzheimer’sDiseaseC.BabyDollsCheerupAlzheimer’sPatientsD.DaughterHelpsMotherRecoverMemory【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了桑迪夫妇为阿尔茨海默病患者捐赠玩偶，这些玩偶让病人高兴起来，重新获得了生活的乐趣。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段内容“Itwasabout10yearsagothatSandynoticedhermother,Pear,hadbecomequietaftershemovedintoanursinghomeforpatientsofAlzheimer’sdisease.”（大约10年前，桑迪注意到她的母亲珀尔在搬进阿尔茨海默病患者疗养院后变得安静了。）可知，珀尔在搬进阿尔茨海默病患者疗养院后变得安静了，由此可知，珀尔搬到疗养院后几乎不说话。故选C项。-25- 【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“AssoonasSandygavePearlthedoll,hermother’sfacelitup.”（桑迪一把娃娃递给珀尔，她妈妈就面露喜悦。）可知，珀尔收到娃娃后，面露喜悦，感到很高兴，由此可知，珀尔收到娃娃后非常高兴。故选D项。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段关键句“Thepostwassharedmorethan210,000timesovernight.Peoplegavealmost$15,000online.Thathelpedthegroupbuymanydolls.”（这篇帖子一夜之间被分享了超过21万次。人们在网上捐赠了近15000美元。这帮助该组织购买了许多玩偶。）可知，第五段内容告诉我们桑迪的帖子引起很多人的关注，并且人们开始捐款，由此可知，第五段的主要内容是人们对桑迪帖子的反应。故选A项。7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合最后一段内容““Thedollsoffertreatmentandcomfort”saidanurseworkingatacarecenter:“Someoldladiescrywhentheygetadoll.Andtheyalwaysrockandtalktotheirdolls.PeoplewithAlzheimermightlosetheirmemories,buttheydon’tlosetheirabilitytolove.””（一位在护理中心工作的护士说：“这些娃娃提供了治疗和安慰。一些老太太一拿到娃娃就会哭。她们总是摇晃着和娃娃说话。阿尔茨海默病患者可能会失去记忆，但她们不会失去爱的能力。”）可知，文章主要讲述了桑迪夫妇为阿尔茨海默病患者捐赠玩偶，这些玩偶让病人高兴起来，重新获得了生活的乐趣，“BabyDollsCheerupAlzheimer’sPatients”意为“娃娃让阿尔茨海默病患者高兴起来”，选项能够概括文章主要内容。故选C项。CTheculturesoftheEastandtheWestarereallydifferentfromeachotheralot.Thisisbecausetheculturesystemsaretwoseparateonesonthewhole.Theorigin(起源)oftheEasterncultureismainlyfromtwocountries:ChinaandIndia.Bothofthetwoculturesaredevelopedbyrivers—theYellowRiverinChinaandtheHinduRiverinIndia.Theyhelpedthetwoculturesdevelopforcenturiesandformtheirownstyles.WhenthetwomotherriversgavebirthtotheEasternculture,anotherfamousculturewasupontheMesopotamianPlain—theMesopotamianCivilization.ThiscivilizationlaterondevelopedintotheculturesofAncientGreeceandAncientRome.Andthesetwoarewell-knownasthebaseoftheEuropeanculture.LiketheChineseculture,theEuropeanculturealsocrossedwaters.WhentheBritishsettleddowninAmerica,theirculturewentwiththemovertheAtlanticOcean.SotheAmericanculturedoesn’thave-25- muchdifferencefromtheEuropeanculture.Atthesametime,someotherdifferencesaddtotheculturaldifferences.Takethelanguagesystemforexample.IntheEast,mostlanguagesbelongtothepictographic(象形)languagewhilethewesternlanguagesaremostlybasedontheLatinsystem.Othercauseslikehumanracedifferencescountaswell.Butwhat’smore,duetothefardistanceandthesteepareasbetweentheEastandthewest,thetwoculturesseldomcommunicateuntilrecentcenturies.Sotheygrewuptotallyintheirownwayswithalmostnointerferencefromtheother.Thedifferencesareeverywhere.Theyareobviousandmakepeople’swaysofthinkingandtheirviewsoftheworlddifferent.Butdifferentculturesmaketheworldof21stcenturymorecolorful.Theculturaldifferenceshouldnotbetheobstacle(障碍)tothecivilizationofhumanbeing.Itoughttobethedrivingforceofourgoingfarther.8.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theoriginofcultures.B.Culturedifferences.C.Languagesystems.D.Colorfulworld.9.WhyistheAmericanculturesimilartotheEuropeanculture?A.Bothofthetwocultureshaveaverylonghistory.B.TheyhavethesamemotherriversastheChineseculture.C.TheearlysettlersfromBritainbroughttheirculturetoAmerica.D.BoththeBritishandtheAmericanlivealongthecoastoftheAtlanticOcean.10.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“interference”inparagraph4?A.differenceB.influenceC.confidenceD.environment11.Whereisthepassagemostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary.B.Amagazine.C.Anovel.D.Aguidebook.【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。东西方文化不同，这是因为文化体统在整体上是独立的。东方文化源自于中国和印度，而西方文化源自于古希腊罗马。语言等也造就了文化差异。【8题详解】-25- 主旨大意题。由第一段中的“TheculturesoftheEastandtheWestarereallydifferentfromeachotheralot.Thisisbecausetheculturesystemsaretwoseparateonesonthewhole.”可知，东西方文化不同，这是因为文化体统在整体上是独立的。所以文章是关于文化差异的。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。由第三段“WhentheBritishsettleddowninAmerica,theirculturewentwiththemovertheAtlanticOcean.SotheAmericanculturedoesn’thavemuchdifferencefromtheEuropeanculture.”可知，在英国人在美国定居时，英国的文化随之来到大西洋。因此美国文化与欧洲文化没有太大差异。所以，美国文化与欧洲文化相似是因为早期来自英国的定居者将他们的文化带到了美国。故选C项。【10题详解】词义猜测题。由第四段“duetothefardistanceandthesteepareasbetweentheEastandthewest,thetwoculturesseldomcommunicateuntilrecentcenturies.”可知，由于距离远和东西方间的峭壁区域，两种文化在最近几个世纪以前很少交流。因此，交流少就不会对彼此产生影响，就各自以自己的方式成长。所以interference在语境中做“影响”解，故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。由第一段中的“TheculturesoftheEastandtheWestarereallydifferentfromeachotheralot.Thisisbecausetheculturesystemsaretwoseparateonesonthewhole.”可知，东西方文化不同，这是因为文化体统在整体上是独立的。所以文章是关于文化差异的。这样的文章可能在杂志上出现，故选B项。DKenya’swildlifeofficialshavemadeafreemobilephoneapp,Makenya,tohelptrackwildanimalsinthecountry.Kenyaishometonearly400speciesofmammals.Officialssayitisgettingmoredifficulttoprotectthem,asclimatechangeandhumanactivitiesdamagetheirnaturalenvironment.Theappletsanyuserwhoseesawildmammalidentifyitandgiveitslocation.Usescanalsogiveotherdetails.“Youcanalsoaddthebehavior.Whenyouseethisanimalwhataretheydoing?Aretheyresting?Aretheyrunningaway?Aretheyfeeding?Whataretheydoingatthemomentyouseethem?saidDr.SimonMusil,awildliferesearcher.AccordingtoMusila,thereisaneedtohavemanypeopleusetheapptogetmoreinformationabouttheanimals.ThiscanhelpthesmallnumberofmammalspecialistinKenya.Thespecialistshavekept-25- recordsoftheanimals’changingenvironmentsandsurvivalconditions.Manypeople,includingsafariguides,visitors,studentoranyonewhogoesoutandseestheanimalscouldalsousetheapp.Theycanuploadimagesandadddetails,suchasthenumberofmammalsandtheirexactlocations.SamsonOnyuok,oneoftheappusers,saidheisproudtohelpprotectanimalsinhiscountry.AsaKenyan,thatishislittlewayofcontributingtotheconservationinitiatives.Userslikehimhavereportedmorethan2500mammalsightingssinceAugust.ExpertssaythatwhileAfricaisnotthecauseofmuchclimatechange,itisbadlyaffectedbyit.Dr.PhilipMuruthi,directoroftheAfricanWildlifeFoundation,saidthatthebirthrateofraremammals(哺乳动物)andthesurvivalrateofyoungonesaredropping.“Itisveryhardtobenefitormanagewhatyoudon’tknow,”hesaid.“Thatiswhythisissoimportant.Itisgoingtotelluswhichspecieswehave,wheretheyare,andmaybewhichonesarehighlyendangered,whatweneedtodoaboutthem.Andespeciallynotjustthebigthingsbutalsothesmallthings,likethebats.”12.WhatareusersofMakenyaadvisedtodo?A.Uploadthedetailofthespottedanimals.B.Feedthehungryanimalsinthewild.C.Keeptherunninganimalsinsight.D.Takeapicturewiththespottedanimals.13.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeSamsonOnyuok?A.Hardworking.B.Responsible.C.Careful.D.Patient.14.WhydoesDr.PhilipMuruthiconsidertheappsignificant?AItisdevelopedbyKenyanofficials.B.ItcostsjustalittleforKenyanusers.C.Itisinternationallysupported.D.ItpresentsoverallcasesofanimalinKenya.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.EndangeredanimalsinKenya.B.Researchonanimalstracking.C.Hi-techforanimalprotection.-25- D.Popularappstoadmirewildanimals.【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是肯尼亚野生动物官员制作了一款免费的手机应用程序Makenya，以帮助追踪该国的野生动物。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Theycanuploadimagesandadddetails,suchasthemumberofmammalsandtheirexactlocations.(他们可以上传图片并添加细节，比如哺乳动物的数量和它们的确切位置。)”可知，建议Makenya用户上传被发现的动物的细节。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的“SamsonOnyuok,oneoftheappusers,saidheisproudtohelpprotectanimalsinhiscountry.AsaKenyan,thatishislittlewayofcontributingtotheconservationinitiatives.(SamsonOnyuok是这款应用的用户之一，他说他很自豪能帮助保护自己国家的动物。作为一名肯尼亚人，这是他为保护计划做出贡献的一点方式。)”可知，他是有责任心的，故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Thatiswhythisissoimportant.Itisgoingtotelluswhichspecieswehave,wheretheyare,andmaybewhichonesarehighlyendangered,whatweneedtodoaboutthem.Andespeciallynotjustthebigthingsbutalsothesmallthings,likethebats.(这就是为什么这如此重要。它会告诉我们我们有哪些物种，它们在哪里，也许哪些是高度濒危的，我们需要做些什么。尤其是不只是大型动物，还有小型动物，比如蝙蝠。)”可知，PhilipMuruthi博士认为这款应用很重要是因为它展示了肯尼亚所有动物的情况，故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Kenya’swildlifeofficialshavemadeafreemobilephoneapp,Makenya,tohelptrackwildanimalsinthecountry.(肯尼亚野生动物官员制作了一款免费的手机应用程序Makenya，以帮助追踪该国的野生动物。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是一款免费的手机应用程序Makenya，以帮助追踪该国的野生动物，因此本文的主旨是C选项“Hi-techforanimalprotection.(动物保护高科技)”，故选C。第二节(共5个小题，每题2.5分;满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多-25- 余选项。An18-year-girlKaylaPerkinsexplainswhatisinherbedroom,“IthrowsomethingonthefloorandIknowrightwhereitis.”However,herparents,SteveandDeborahPerkins,don’tthinkso.EvenKaylaadmitsthat,attheworst,herroomisamess.Mostfamiliesatsomepointhaveatleastonechildwhoseroomlookslikealandfill.____16____Dirtyclothespileup;dirtydishesgetlostinthemessandsmellbad;homeworkislost;andvaluablethingsareruined.Someparentsletitgo,believingthatabedroomisprivatespaceforchildrentomanageastheywish.____17____Whatdoesn’twork,parentingexpertssay,isconstantlectures,verbalthreatsorgettingveryangry.Mrs.PerkinssaystheypickedupalltheclothesonKayla’sfloorandhidthem.Theycleanedeverythingup.WhenKaylacamebacktoabarebedroom,therewasscreamingandshouting.“HowcanIlivewithoutmyclothes?”Mrs.PerkinsaskedKaylatoearnherclothesbackbydoinghousework.____18________19____Forexample,sinceJessica,the14-year-olddaughterwasn’tbotheredbythedirtyclothesalloverherfloor,thewholefamilystartedusingherroomasaplacetostoredirtyclothes.Herattitudechangedafterherfamilydidthat.Bythetimeshegaveinandcleanedupherroomafewdayslater,evenshewaslaughing.Parentingexperts,JimFay,alsorecommendsthatparentsfirstaskchildreninanicewaytocleanupandagreeonareasonabletimelimit.____20____.A.Humorcanhelp,too.B.It’seasysaidthandone.C.Thesedays,shekeepsherroomclean.D.Themesscanbadlyaffectthewholehousehold.E.Everyfamilyhasdifferentwaysofdealingwithit.F.Childrenoftenbehavebetterifyoutreatthemwithrespect.G.Othersofferrewardsforcleaning,orpunishthemwhentheydon’t.【答案】16.D17.G18.C19.A20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了教育孩子整理自己房间的方法。-25- 【16题详解】上文“Mostfamiliesatsomepointhaveatleastonechildwhoseroomlookslikealandfill.(大多数家庭在某些时候至少有一个孩子的房间看起来像垃圾填埋场)”介绍孩子的房间很混乱。结合选项，D项“Themesscanbadlyaffectthewholehousehold.(这种混乱会严重影响到整个家庭)”承接上文，陈述了房间的混乱造成的影响。故选D。【17题详解】上文“Someparentsletitgo,believingthatabedroomisprivatespaceforchildrentomanageastheywish.(有些家长不去管它，他们认为卧室是孩子的私人空间，可以让他们随心所欲)”介绍有些父母面对孩子房间混乱所采取的措施。结合选项，G项“Othersofferrewardsforcleaning,orpunishthemwhentheydon’t.(别的父母则会因为清洁奖励孩子，否则就会惩罚他们)”承接上文，介绍另外一些父母采取的措施。上文的“Someparents”和G项“Others”前后照应。故选G。【18题详解】上文“Mrs.PerkinsaskedKaylatoearnherclothesbackbydoinghousework.(珀金斯太太让凯拉做家务，把她的衣服挣回来)”介绍珀金斯太太通过藏起来孩子乱扔的衣服然后让她通过做家务来挣回衣服的办法来教育孩子。由此推知，空处应陈述这个方法的结果，C项“Thesedays,shekeepsherroomclean.(这些天，她保持房间干净)”符合题意。故选C。【19题详解】下文“Forexample,sinceJessica,the14-year-olddaughterwasn’tbotheredbythedirtyclothesalloverherfloor,thewholefamilystartedusingherroomasaplacetostoredirtyclothes.Herattitudechangedafterherfamilydidthat.(例如，14岁的女儿杰西卡不介意地板上到处都是脏衣服，于是全家人开始把她的房间当作存放脏衣服的地方。她的家人这么做后，她的态度就改变了)”通过例证来说明幽默也可以让孩子意识到问题。结合选项，A项“Humorcanhelp,too.(幽默也有帮助)”符合本段主旨。故选A。【20题详解】上文“Parentingexperts,JimFay,alsorecommendsthatparentsfirstaskchildreninanicewaytocleanupandagreeonareasonabletimelimit.(育儿专家吉姆·费伊还建议，父母首先用友好的方式让孩子打扫卫生，并约定一个合理的时间限制)”可知，在尊重孩子的基础上约定时间期限。由此推知，空处陈述这样的做的结果。结合选项，F项“Childrenoftenbehavebetterifyoutreatthemwithrespect.(如果你尊重孩子，他们往往会变得更好)”符合题意。故选F。-25- 第三部分:语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处Itisquiteachallengetogetclosetoananimalinthewild,somuchofour____21____ofwildlifecomesfrompicturestakenby____22____professionalsthatknowhowtogoneartotheseanimals.Theseprofessionalsarewildlifephotographers.Wildlifephotographersdependnotonlyontheirphotographicskillsbutalsoontheirknowledgeofwildlife.Togetgoodpictures,theysometimeshaveto____23____longwaits,awfulweather,andeventhe____24____ofanimalattacks.Oncetheyhavebecome____25____withalocation,photographerscanbegintoget____26____enoughtoanimalstotakepictures.Somephotographers____27____inhut-like(茅舍样的)structurescalledblinds.Thismethodworkswellwithanimalssuchasbirdsthatdependmainlyontheirsightto____28____danger.Blinds,____29____,donotworkwellfortakingpicturesofanimalswithasharpsenseof____30____.Photographersmaygetclosetotheseanimalsonfoot,staydownwindand____31____suddenmovements.Foodornoises,suchasbirdcalls,mayalsobeusedtoattractwildlifeinto____32____.Fordifficultanimals,aphotographermayeven____33____acamerainthewildwithatripline(绊脚线).Animalsthattouchthelinestartittotakepicturesofthem.Eachorthese____34____requiresgreatpatienceandknowledge,buttherewardcanbea____35____sightofnature.21.A.protectionB.fearC.knowledgeD.respect22.A.skilledB.strongC.youngD.curious23.A.standB.admitC.expectD.enjoy24.A.gameB.dangerC.planD.idea25.A.boredB.carefulC.familiarD.excited26.A.paidB.anxiousC.satisfiedD.close27.A.sleepB.hideC.restD.live28.A.adaptB.coverC.faceD.sense29.A.otherwiseB.moreoverC.howeverD.therefore30.A.sightB.hearingC.touchD.smell-25- 31.A.refuseB.avoidC.makeD.adopt32.A.viewB.trapC.actionD.attack33.A.leaveB.takeC.loseD.remove34.A.animalsB.approachesC.linesD.cameras35.A.commonB.boringC.frighteningD.amazing【答案】21.C22.A23.A24.B25.C26.D27.B28.D29.C30.D31.B32.A33.A34.B35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了摄影师在野外拍摄的困难以及克服的方法。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在野外接近动物是一个相当大的挑战，所以我们对野生动物的很多知识都来自于那些知道如何接近这些动物的熟练专业人士拍摄的照片。A.protection保护；B.fear恐惧；C.knowledge知识；D.respect尊敬。根据本句中“picturestakenby　2　　professionals”以及下文“theirknowledgeofwildlife”可知，专业人士拍摄的照片提供给我们对野生动物的知识。故选C。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在野外接近动物是一个相当大的挑战，所以我们对野生动物的很多知识都来自于那些知道如何接近这些动物的熟练专业人士拍摄的照片。A.skilled熟练的；B.strong强壮的；C.young年轻的；D.curious好奇的。根据空后“professionals”可知，专业人士自然是熟练的。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了拍出好照片，他们有时不得不忍受漫长的等待，恶劣的天气，甚至动物袭击的危险。A.stand忍受；B.admit承认；C.expect期待；D.enjoy享受。根据空后“longwaits,awfulweather”可知，为了拍出好照片，他们不得不忍受这些糟糕的情况。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了拍出好照片，他们有时不得不忍受漫长的等待，恶劣的天气，甚至动物袭击的危险。A.game游戏；B.danger危险；C.plan计划；D.idea主意。根据常识以及空后“ofanimalattacks”可知，动物袭击是危险的。故选B。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一旦他们熟悉了一个地点，摄影师就可以开始接近动物拍照。A.bored-25- 厌烦的；B.careful仔细的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.excited兴奋的。根据常识可知，得先熟悉周围环境，才能进一步拍摄。故选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一旦他们熟悉了一个地点，摄影师就可以开始接近动物拍照。A.paid有偿的；B.anxious焦虑的；C.satisfied满意的；D.close接近的。根据常识可知，拍摄动物要尽可能地近才可以更好。且getcloseto为固定搭配“接近”。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些摄影师躲在被称为百叶窗的茅屋状结构中。A.sleep睡觉；B.hide躲藏；C.rest休息；D.live居住。根据前文“Itisquiteachallengetogetclosetoananimalinthewild”可知，接近动物是很大地挑战，所以摄影师不得不躲藏在茅屋状结构中。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种方法对鸟类等主要依靠视觉感知危险的动物很有效。A.adapt适应；B.cover覆盖；C.face面对；D.sense感知。根据常识以及前文“Somephotographers　7　inhut-like(茅舍样的)structurescalledblinds”可知，躲藏起来拍摄的办法是针对依靠视觉感知危险的动物。故选D。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，百叶窗在拍摄嗅觉灵敏的动物时效果不佳。A.otherwise否则；B.moreover而且；C.however然而；D.therefore因此。根据前文“Thismethodworkswellwithanimalssuchasbirds”以及本句“donotworkwellfortakingpicturesofanimals”可知，前后为转折含义。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，百叶窗在拍摄嗅觉灵敏的动物时效果不佳。A.sight视觉；B.hearing听力；C.touch触觉；D.smell嗅觉。根据常识，前文“Thismethodworkswellwithanimalssuchasbirdsthatdependmainlyontheirsightto　8　　danger.”以及本句“donotworkwellfortakingpicturesofanimalswithasharpsense”可知，前后为转折关系，百叶窗对于主要依靠视觉感知危险的动物很有效，但是对于嗅觉的动物却效果不好。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：摄影师可以步行接近这些动物，待在顺风处，避免突然移动。A.refuse拒绝；B.avoid避免；C.make制作；D.adopt采纳。根据常识以及空后宾语“suddenmovements”可知，拍摄动物，应避免突然移动。故选B。-25- 【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：食物或噪音，如鸟叫声，也可以用来吸引野生动物进入视野。A.view视野；B.trap陷阱；C.action行动；D.attack攻击。根据本句“Foodornoises,suchasbirdcalls,mayalsobeusedtoattractwildlife”可知，这些都是吸引动物进入视线进行拍摄的办法。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于难缠的动物，摄影师甚至可以在野外留下带着绊脚线的相机。A.leave留下；B.take带着；C.lose失去；D.remove移除。根据本句“acamerainthewildwithatripline(绊脚线)”以及下文“Animalsthattouchthelinestartittotakepicturesofthem.”可知，对于难缠的动物，摄影师甚至可以在野外留下带着绊脚线的相机，当动物触碰到线，相机就启动拍摄。所以，摄影师是把相机留在了野外。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些方法都需要极大的耐心和知识，但回报可能是一个惊人的自然景观。A.animals动物；B.approaches方法；C.lines线；D.cameras相机。根据前文“professionalsthatknowhowtogoneartotheseanimals”可知，作者介绍了拍摄野外动物的方法。故选B。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些方法都需要极大的耐心和知识，但回报可能是一个惊人的自然景观。A.common普通的；B.boring无聊的；C.frightening令人害怕的；D.amazing惊人的。根据本句“requiresgreatpatienceandknowledge”以及“but”引导的前后转折含义可知，这些方法都需要极大的耐心和知识，但回报也是惊人的。故选D。第二节:(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.____36____(bear)inapoorfamily,WilmaRudolphhadadifficultstartofherlifeWhenshewasfouryearsold,aserious____37____(ill)madeherleftleguseless.Shehadtowearanironlegbrace(支架).Yetshewasfortunateinhavingamother____38____gaveherlotsofencouragement.Atnineyearsofage,shetook____39____firststepwhichwasimpossibleaccordingtothedoctors.Thenshegotthedreamthatshewouldliketobetheworld’sgreatestwomanrunner.Attheageof13,sheenteredarace.Butshecameinlastineveryrace.Everyoneadvisedher____40____(stop).However,oneday,shecameinnexttolast.Andthenoneday,shegotthefirstplaceinarace!Fromthenon,WilmaRudolph____41____(win)everyracethatsheentered.Years____42____(late),WilmawenttoTennesseeStateUniversity,whereshemetEdTemple,a-25- greatcoach.Hetrainedhersowell____43____in1960shewenttotheOlympicGamesinRoom.ThereshebeataGermangirlJuttaHeine,the____44____(great)womanrunneroftheday.ThatdayWilmamadehistoryasshebecamethefirstwomanwhohadwonthreegold____45____(medal)inthesameOlympicGames.【答案】36.Born37.illness38.whothat39.the40.tostop41.won42.later43.that44.greatest45.medals【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了左腿残疾的WilmaRudolph获得奥运金牌的励志故事。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：威尔玛·鲁道夫出生在一个贫穷的家庭，她的人生有一个艰难的开始。四岁时，一场重病使她的左腿失去了功能。分析句子成分可知，空处应为非谓语动词。且和主语“WilmaRudolph”之间为动宾关系，故用done形式作状语。故填Born。【37题详解】考查名词。句意：威尔玛·鲁道夫出生在一个贫穷的家庭，她的人生有一个艰难的开始。四岁时，一场重病使她的左腿失去了功能。应为名词作主语，因空前有“a”，故用单数。故填illness。【38题详解】考查连词。句意：然而，她很幸运，妈妈给了她很多鼓励。分析句子成分可知，空处应为引导限制性定语从句的连接代词，指代先行词“mother”，为人，在定语从句中充当主语。故填who/that。【39题详解】考查冠词。句意：9岁时，她迈出了医生认为不可能的第一步。根据空后的序数词“first”可知，应为定冠词the。故填the。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：每个人都劝她停下来。固定搭配advisesbtodosth“建议某人做某事”。故填tostop。-25- 【41题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：从那以后，威尔玛·鲁道夫赢得了她参加的每一场比赛。分析句子成分可知，空处应为谓语动词。照应时间状语“Fromthenon”以及主语“WilmaRudolph”可知，应为一般过去时，为主动语态。故填won。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：多年后，威尔玛去了田纳西州立大学，在那里她遇到了埃德·坦普尔，一位伟大的教练。根据句意可知，应是“多年后”。故填later。【43题详解】考查连词。句意：他把她训练得很好，1960年她参加了奥运会。分析句子成分可知，空处应为引导结果状语从句的连词。且“so...that...”为固定句型。故填that。【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：在那里，她击败了当时最伟大的女跑步运动员——德国女孩JuttaHeine。根据句意以及空前的定冠词“the”可知，空处应为最高级。故填greatest。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：那一天，威尔玛创造了历史，她成为第一位在同一届奥运会上获得三枚金牌的女性。根据空前基数词“three”可知，空处应为名词的复数形式。故填medals。第四部分写作(共三节，满分40分)第一节:根据提示词完成句子(共10个小题;每小题1分，满分10分)46.________wasawelldugneartheirhomes.他们所需要的是一口挖在他们家附近的井。【答案】Whattheyneeded【解析】【详解】考查主语从句和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空处为“他们所需要的”作主语，可用what引导的主语从句，由was可知用一般过去时，译为whattheyneeded，故填Whattheyneeded。47.Hereallyhad________forthesechildren.Hebrokeajoyfulsmile.他真地改变了这些孩子的生活。他开心地笑了。【答案】madeadifference【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和时态。根据句意和句中“broke”可知，“改变”的动作发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时，空格处涉及固定短语“makeadifference”，意为“起作用，有影响”，-25- “make”的过去分词为“made”，故空格处应填“madeadifference”。故填madeadifference。48.Theinsightgrewfromthedeterminedattitudeofa6-year-oldboywhohadthecourageandperseveranceto________.这个远见来自于一个6岁男孩的坚韧的态度，他有勇气和毂力让他的梦想成为了现实。【答案】makehisdreamareality【解析】【详解】考查固定搭配。根据句意可知，空处应为固定搭配makeone’sdreamareality，为“make+宾语+宾补”结构。且照应空前的不定式符号，故应动词原形。故填makehisdreamareality。49.________environment,itisnowpossibletocreateanintelligentwalkinghouse.从环境方面来说，创造一间智能的可以行走的房屋是可能的。【答案】Intermsof【解析】【详解】考查固定搭配。表示“从……方面来说；就……而言”可使用固定短语intermsof...，并注意句首字母大写。故填Intermsof。50.WhileNewtonwascertainlyinspiredby________,thereisnoproofthatithithimonthehead.尽管牛顿确实受到一个落下来的苹果的启发，但没有证据表明这个苹果砸到了他的头上。【答案】afallingapple【解析】【详解】考查名词和非谓语动词。“苹果”英语表达为“apple”，“掉落”英语表达为fall，作定语，修饰名词apple，用现在分词表示正在进行的动作，即afallingapple。故答案为afallingapple。51.Thisbroadcastisbeingbroughttoyoufrom________onEarth—theLouvre!这是从世界上最大的博物馆之一的卢浮宫给你发出的直播。【答案】oneofthelargestmuseums【解析】【详解】考查介词短语。“博物馆”译为museum，“大的”译为large；根据句意可知，空处应为固定搭配“oneof+adj.-最高级+[C]-复数”，意为“最……之一”。故填oneofthelargestmuseums。52.TheTangemperorswerevery________horses.唐代的帝王们非常喜爱马。-25- 【答案】fondof【解析】【详解】考查形容词短语。分析句子结构，befondof为固定短语，含义为“喜爱……”，符合句意，故填fondof。53.ThosewhosawHanGan’shorsespaintingall________hisuniqueskills.那些见识过韩千绘马图的人都高度赞扬他独特的绘画技巧。【答案】sanghighpraisesfor【解析】【详解】考查动词短语和时态。英语中“赞扬……”英语表达为“singpraisesfor”，“高度赞扬”可使用形容词与动词短语搭配，即“singhighpraisesforsth.”，根据所给句子分析可知，此句时态为一般过去时，此处动词短语“singhighpraisesfor”充当谓语。故填sanghighpraisesfor。54________indicatethatrisk-takingmaybepartofhumannature.近期的研究表明冒险是人类天性的一部分。【答案】Recentstudies【解析】【详解】考查形容词，名词，主谓一致。“近期的”英语表达为“recent”，“研究”英语表达为“study”，为可数名词，因此“近期的研究”英语表达为“recentstudy”，根据谓语“indicate”及主谓一致原则可知，此处主语为复数概念，故填Recentstudies。55.________afreenewspaperattheTubestation,Iseethetitle“Hot!Hot!Hot!”随手在地铁站拿起一份免费报纸，“酷暑来临”的题目映入我的眼帘。【答案】Pickingup【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词，动词短语。“拿起”英语表达为“pickup”，pickup与I之间是主动关系，与谓语see之间几乎是同时发生，因此此处需要使用现在分词作状语，句首首字母大写。故填Pickingup。第二节:应用文写作(满分15分)56.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Harry发邮件说他因为身材不够高大，长相平庸而感到焦虑和自卑。请你给他写封英文邮件就此事发表你的观点，并安慰鼓励他。注意:1.写作词数应为80左右；-25- 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearHarry,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearHarry,I’msorrytoknowthatyourclassmateslaughedatyoubecauseyouareneitherhighorgood-looking.WhatIwanttoletyouknowisthatgoldwillglitteroneday.I’mverygladthatIcanhaveafriendlikeyou.AndIbelievethatyouwillbeasuccessfulmaninthefuture.Myadviceisthatyoushallnotbesadforthosewordsbecausetheydon’treallyknowyou.Nexttime,youmaytellthemthattheyshallnotjudgeabookbyitscover.Andshowthemyouradvantages.Inthisway,Ibelievethattheywillrealizethemistaketheyhavemade.Goodlucktoyou!Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Harry写封英文邮件，对他因为身材不够高大，长相平庸而感到焦虑和自卑一事发表观点，并安慰鼓励他。【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的：glad→delighted建议：advice→suggestion优点：advantage→merit取笑：laughat→makefunof-25- 2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：Myadviceisthatyoushallnotbesadforthosewordsbecausetheydon’treallyknowyou.拓展句：Youareadvisednottobesadforthosewordsbecausetheydon’treallyknowyou.【点睛】[高分句型1]WhatIwanttoletyouknowisthatgoldwillglitteroneday.(运用了what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句)[高分句型2]Inthisway,Ibelievethattheywillrealizethemistaketheyhavemade.(运用了that引导的宾语从句和that/which引导的定语从句，省略了that/which)第三节:读后续写(满分15分)57.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Lilywasdressedandreadyforherfirstperformance.Thehallwascrowdedwithparentsandgrandparentstoseethestudents’dance.ItwasatraditionfortheschooleveryyearandLilywasgoingtodanceinfrontofeveryone.Itscaredher.Yesterdayshepracticedherdanceonthestageandeverythingwentonsmoothly.Withonlyseveralmomswatching,itwasn’ttoobad.Butitwasdifferenttonight.Alltheseatswouldbefullandshefeltnervousandterrified.“Don’tworry.Whenyougooutonthestage,youjustlookrightwhereIwassitingyesterdayIwillstillbethere.Youjustlookatmeanditwillbejustlikeyesterday!”MomencouragedLily.WhatIshouldfocusoniseverymovementinthedance.Justgetlostinmydanceandbringoutthebest,Lilytoldherself.Whenshecamebacksage,shetookaquicklookfrombehindthecurtain(幕).ButterflieswereflyinginsideherstomachandshejustwonderedwhetherMomwouldbethere.注意:1.所续写短文的词数应为80左右；2.续写部分的开头已为你写好。Themusicbegantoplay.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________-25- ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Themusicbegantoplay.Takingadeepbreathshewalkedontothestage.Allshecouldseewasavastseaofunfamiliarfaces.Suddenly,hergazewasdrawntowardsabrightandfamiliarfaceinthecorneroftheroom.Itwashermother,withalovingandencouragingsmile.Allthefearandnervousnessdrainedawaylikewater.Shefeltinstantlymoreconfidentandreadytoshowherbest.Asthemusicwenton,Lilyfeltlikeshewasflyingonthestage,soabsorbedinherperformance.Sheperformedsogreatthatattheendoftheperformance,theaudiencegavealoudcheer,bringingLilybacktohersenses.ThewholehallwasfilledwithapplauseandexcitementasLilytookherbow,armswideopenandwitharelievedandsatisfiedsmilethatshehaddoneherbest.Shewasnowlookingforwardtogettingreunitedwithhermother.【解析】【导语】本文以事件发展为线索展开，讲述了Lily为每年一次的舞台表演做了充分准备，但是临上台前感到紧张的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：由首句内容“音乐开始响起”可知，本段可描写Lily上台后感到很紧张，但是当她看到妈妈的笑脸的时候镇静下来，她认真地做着每一个动作，整场表演非常成功，以至于全场为她欢呼。2.续写线索：深吸气上台——紧张——看见妈妈——镇静下来——专注表演——表演成功——观众欢呼——期待见到妈妈。3.词汇激活行为类①走上……：walkedonto/steppedonto②展示：show/present情绪类①表示爱意的：loving/affectionate②自信的：confident/self-assured【点睛】[高分句型1].Takingadeepbreath,shewalkedontothestage.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）[高分句型2].Allshecouldseewasavastseaofunfamiliarfaces.（运用了省略了引导词的定语从句）听力答案：1-5CBAAC6-10BBBCB11-15CBACB16-20AACAB-25- 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