湖南省长沙市明德中学2023-2024学年高二英语上学期入学考试试题（Word版附解析）

2023-2024-1明德中学高二上入学考试英语时量：120分钟满分：150分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）略第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASpecialFoodPlacestoTryInSingaporeIt’sanunpleasantfactthatlocalfoodplacesareusuallymeanttocatertomeat-eaters.Itcanbedifficulttofindatastyfoodplacethatcaterstomeat-freediet.Herearesomeoptionstoshowyoudon’tneedmeatforasatisfactorytreat.VeganBurgVeganBurghasasurprisinglydiverserangeofplant-basedburgers.FromHawaiianTeriyakitoChar-GrilledSatay,themenupromisestotempteventhemosthardcoremeatlovers.Andthat’snotevengettingintotheadd-onsandsidesitoffers,suchasmushroomfriesandbarbecuepotatoes.WoodsSquareTower,#01-06,Singapore737737GenesisRestaurantThiseateryprovesthatmeat-freedishescanbeasheartyandflavorfulastheirmeat-basedcounterparts.GenesisRestaurantisespeciallyknownforitsjuicydumplings,springrolls,pork-freenoodlesandtofucheesecake.HavelockRoad,#B1-01,Singapore059763WellSmoochtCollectiveWellSmoochtisacafeanddessertbarwhichspecializesinplant-basedicecream.Madefrombrownrice,sugarcanejuiceandfruitsornutbutters,Smoocht’sricecream,astheycallit,comesinawidevarietyofdeliciousflavorssuchasEarlGreyLavender,RoseCoconutandGulaMelaka.SinMingCentre,#01-03,Singapore575628GreenCommonThisone-stopplant-basedeateryandmarketplacehasadeliciousmenuofmouth-wateringmeat-freedishes,fromJapanesecuisinelikesushiandmisoglazedfillettoWesterndisheslikefishlesstacosandpasta,aswellaslocalfavouritessuchasseafoodlaksaandevenbuahkeluakrice.HarbourFrontWalk,#169-170,Singapore098585 1.Whoisthepassageintendedfor?A.Thosewhowanttoloseweight.B.Thosewhodon’teatmeat.C.Thosewhocan’tgowithoutmeat.D.Thosewhopreferhome-madefood.2.WhatisGenesisRestaurantfamousfor?A.Chinese-friendlyfood.B.Plant-basedburgers.C.Plant-basedice-cream.D.Japaneseseafood.3.Whereshouldyougoifyouhaveasweettooth?A.WoodsSquareTower,#01-06.B.HavelockRoad,#B1-01.C.SinMingCentre,#01-03.D.HarbourFrontWalk,#169-170.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了新加坡的素食美食。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Itcanbedifficulttofindatastyfoodplacethatcaterstomeat-freediet.Herearesomeoptionstoshowyoudon’tneedmeatforasatisfactorytreat.(很难找到一个迎合无肉饮食的美食场所。这里有一些选择，告诉你不需要吃肉就能得到令人满意的款待。)”可推知，这篇文章是写给那些不吃肉或鱼的人的。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据GenesisRestaurant部分中的“GenesisRestaurantisespeciallyknownforitsjuicydumplings,springrolls,pork-freenoodlesandtofucheesecake.(GenesisRestaurant尤其以其多汁的饺子、春卷、无猪肉面和豆腐芝士蛋糕而闻名。)”可知，GenesisRestaurant以中餐闻名。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据WellSmoochtCollective部分中的“WellSmoochtisacafeanddessertbarwhichspecialisesinplant-basedicecream..(WellSmoocht是一家专营植物性冰淇淋的咖啡馆和甜品吧。)”及“SinMingCentre,#01-03,Singapore575628”可知，如果你喜欢吃甜食，你应该去SinMingCentre,#01-03。故选C。BThefirsttimeIrealizedthatIhadaloveforsportscompetitionswasduringtheFieldDayinelementary school.Smallformyage,andmoreofabookwormthanasportsenthusiast,Ihadsufferedthatspecialhumiliationofbeingpickedlastforvariousgymteams.TheFieldDay,whichfocusedonindividualskills,wasdifferent.IntheSoftballThrowevent,Igotmyfirsttasteofsportingvictory.Creditgoestotheexampleofmyfirstcoach,myfather.Heliftedweightseverymorningathome.Heboughtusallbaseballglovesandhats,andinthewarmmonths,wespenthoursplayingcatch.Comefall,ourbackyardfootballgamesbeganwithpassingpractice.OnceIgottosixthgradeandswitchedtoprivateschool,ourentirestudentbodywasassignedtoeithertheRedortheWhiteteam.Throughouttheyear,wecompetedagainsteachotherinvariousgamesandexercisesforpoints.IeventuallybecamepresidentofTheCommitteeofGames,accelerating(加速)mycompetitivefever.However,ingirls’sportsgamesatmyschool,Iwasnostar.Ialsoplayedonthefieldhockeyteamandthebasketballteam.Schoolsportsdidnotbleedintotheweekends,astheydotoday,butathome,playingtennis,skating,skiingandbikingweresimplynormalthingswedid.Duringbreaktime,magazineswerealsoquitepopularforusteens.Theseregularlyfeaturedarticlesonphysicalexercise.Somehow,mycollegeroommateandItookupthehabitofcompletingRoyalCanadianAirForce(RCAF)exerciseseveryday,apracticethatcontinuedintomymarriage,whenwehadnosparefundstousetojoinagym.So,thoughitshockssomeofourfriends,thatearlyfoundationevolvedinadulthoodintoasportsandfitnessfocus,consideredessentialevenonvacation.Istilllovereadingandthearts,too.AsfarasI’mconcerned,lifeistherichestwithmyfeetinbothworlds.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“humiliation”meaninParagraph1?A.responsibilityB.panicC.shameD.desire5.WhatdidtheauthorowehervictoryintheSoftballThroweventto?A.Heradvancedsportsoutfits.B.Herconfidenceinhersportsability.C.Thesportstalentinheritedfromherfather.D.Theexampleandtrainingofferedbyherfather.6.Whathappenedaftertheauthorsteppedintoadulthood?A.Shegenerallyexercisedonweekends.B.ShejoinedRoyalCanadianAirForce.C.Shepreferredreadingtoexercising.D.Shemaintainedherloveforsports.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthearticle?A.Todescribehowherfatherbuiltherinterestinsports.B.Torecallherchildhoodmemoriesaboutsports.C.Toexpressherpassionforsportsandfitness.D.Toemphasizethebenefitsofphysicalexercise.【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.C 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者从小热爱体育，并且在父亲的指导和培训下第一次尝到了运动胜利的滋味。就此，作者开始参与各种体育运动，并把这种对体育的热爱持续到了成年。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“Smallformyage,andmoreofabookwormthanasportsenthusiast,Ihadsufferedthatspecialhumiliationofbeingpickedlastforvariousgymteams.(就我这个年纪来说，我个子很小，更像是一个书虫，而不是一个体育爱好者，我曾遭受过被各种体操队最后一名选中的特殊humiliation)”可知，作者的身材矮小，与其说是一个体育爱好者，不如说是一个书虫，并且在各种体操队都是最后一个被选中，这是一种耻辱，推测划线词表示“耻辱”，与shame同义。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“IntheSoftballThrowevent,Igotmyfirsttasteofsportingvictory.Creditgoestotheexampleofmyfirstcoach,myfather.Heliftedweightseverymorningathome.Heboughtusallbaseballglovesandhats,andinthewarmmonths,wespenthoursplayingcatch.Comefall,ourbackyardfootballgamesbeganwithpassingpractice.(在垒球投掷比赛中，我第一次尝到了运动胜利的滋味。这要归功于我的第一位教练，我的父亲。他每天早上在家举重。他给我们买了棒球手套和帽子，在温暖的月份，我们花了几个小时玩接球游戏。到了秋天，我们后院的足球比赛从传球练习开始)”可知，作者把她在垒球比赛中的胜利归功于她父亲的榜样力量和训练。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“So,thoughitshockssomeofourfriends,thatearlyfoundationevolvedinadulthoodintoasportsandfitnessfocus,consideredessentialevenonvacation.(因此，尽管这让我们的一些朋友感到震惊，但早期的基础在成年后演变成了一种专注于运动和健身的方式，即使在度假时也被认为是必不可少的)”可知，作者成年后保持了对运动的热爱。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“ThefirsttimeIrealizedthatIhadaloveforsportscompetitionswasduringtheFieldDayinelementaryschool.(我第一次意识到我对体育比赛的热爱是在小学的FieldDay期间)”和最后一段“So,thoughitshockssomeofourfriends,thatearlyfoundationevolvedinadulthoodintoasportsandfitnessfocus,consideredessentialevenonvacation.(因此，尽管这让我们的一些朋友感到震惊，但早期的基础在成年后演变成了一种专注于运动和健身的方式，即使在度假时也被认为是必不可少的)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了作者从小热爱体育，并且在父亲的指导和培训下第一次尝到了运动胜利的滋味。就此，作者开始参与各种体育运动，并把这种对体育的热爱持续到了成年，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是表达她对运动和健康的热情。故选C。 CSocietytellsusweshouldsocialisetothefullest,andthatthosewhoaresurroundedbypeoplearethemostsuccessfulandthehappiest.Thesedays,we’realmostalwaysconnected,whetherinpersonorthroughourphonescreensandonlinesocialnetworks.Butthere’ssomethingtobesaidforsolitude(独处),“Beingalonedoesn’tnecessarilymeanbeinglonely”.Infact,spendingtimebyyourselfisanessentialelementofself-care.Aroundtheglobe,differentcultureshavewide-rangingperspectivesonwhatitmeanstospendtimealone.IfyouliveorhavespenttimeintheUnitedStates,you’reprobablyawarethatAmericanstendtorejectsolitude.Formanyyoungerpeople,weekendsarepackedwithsocialactivities,rangingfrombrunchwithfriendstodinnerpartiestogamenightstodrinkingatbarsandeverythinginbetween.TheUnitedStatesisn’ttheonlyplacewhereyou’llfindaheavyemphasisonsocialtime.AcrosstheAtlantic,theUnitedKingdomisknownforbeinganextremelyextroverted(外向型的)country.AsurveyofBritsfoundthatmorethanhalfhadneverdoneandwouldbeunwillingtodoactivitieslikegoingtothemeparksorseeinglivemusicalone.MostBritsspendalmosttwiceasmuchoftheirleisuretimesocialisingwithothersastheydobeingalone.Thehomecanbeaplaceofrest,relaxationandrecharge—thatis,ifyoulivebyyourselforhavethespacetobealoneinyourhome.ThecountryinwhichpeopleareleastlikelytolivealoneisIndia,atabout4percentofthepopulation.Chinaisalsoquitefondofmultiple-personhouseholds,withonlyabout10percentofpeoplelivingbythemselves.Inmorecollectivistcultureslikethese,manyaspectsoflifearerelatedtocommunity.Thus,spendingtimealoneisn’tasingrained(根深蒂固的)asasocialconventioninplaceslikethese,andthegoodofthegrouptakespriorityovertheneedsofoneperson.8.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A.Peoplecanbenefitmorefromsolitude.B.Peopletendtosocialisemorenowadays.C.Beingalonegenerallyequalsbeinglonely.D.Beingaloneenablespeopletobecarefree.9.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesyoungAmericans?A.Imaginativeandwild.B.Responsibleandenergetic.C.Optimisticanddutiful.D.Outgoingandsociable.10.WhyaremostChinesepeoplemorelikelytolivetogether?A.Becausetheyshareaspecificculture.B.Becausetheylacksomelocalcustoms.C.Becausetheypossessenoughhomespace. D.Becausetheygiveprioritytotheirownneeds.11.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheEssenceofSelf-careB.EnjoySolitude,EnjoyYourselfC.TheFunctionsofDifferentCulturesD.ThePerspectivesonSolitude【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了不同文化对独处的不同看法。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Societytellsusweshouldsocialisetothefullest,andthatthosewhoaresurroundedbypeoplearethemostsuccessfulandthehappiest.Thesedays,we’realmostalwaysconnected,whetherinpersonorthroughourphonescreensandonlinesocialnetworks.(社会告诉我们，我们应该充分地社交，那些被人包围的人是最成功和最快乐的。如今，我们几乎总是联系在一起，无论是面对面，还是通过手机屏幕和在线社交网络。)”可知，如今我们几乎总是联系在一起，无论是面对面还是通过手机屏幕和社交网络；由此可推知，如今的人们更倾向于社交。故选B项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“IfyouliveorhavespenttimeintheUnitedStates,you’reprobablyawarethatAmericanstendtorejectsolitude.Formanyyoungerpeople,weekendsarepackedwithsocialactivities,rangingfrombrunchwithfriendstodinnerpartiestogamenightstodrinkingatbarsandeverythinginbetween.(如果你住在美国或曾在美国生活过一段时间，你可能会意识到美国人倾向于拒绝独处。对许多年轻人来说，周末充满了社交活动，从和朋友吃早午餐到晚宴，从游戏之夜到酒吧喝酒，以及介于这两者之间的一切。)”可知，美国的年轻人周末充满了社交活动。由此可推知，美国的年轻人都比较好社交。故选D项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Chinaisalsoquitefondofmultiple-personhouseholds,withonlyabout10percentofpeoplelivingbythemselves.Inmorecollectivistcultureslikethese,manyaspectsoflifearerelatedtoaroundcommunity.(中国也很喜欢多口之家，只有大约10%的人独自生活。在这些更集体主义的文化中，生活的许多方面都与周围的社区有关。)”可知，大多数中国人更喜欢住在一起的原因是中国这种集体主义文化。故选A项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段首句“Aroundtheglobe,differentcultureshavewide-rangingperspectivesonwhatitmeanstospendtimealone.(在世界各地，不同的文化对独处的意义有着不同的看法。)”可知不同的文化对独处有着不同的看法；文章第二、三、四段分别谈到了美国、英国、印度和中国等国家的人对独处的看法。 由此可知，本文主要谈到了不同国家对独处的看法。D项“ThePerspectivesonSolitude(对独处的看法)”最能概括本文内容。故选D项。DIn2019,theworldgenerated54.6milliontonsofe-waste.However,just17.4percentofitwasformallycollectedandrecycled.Since2014,theamountofe-wasterecycledhasgrownby1.8milliontons—arelativelysmallamount,consideringthattheamountofe-wastegeneratedincreasedby9.2milliontonsinthesameperiod.Globalreservesofsomeelements,suchasplatinum,aresupposedtobefullyusedupwithin15yearsiftheproportionofrecycledstocksenteringproductiondoesn’tincrease.E-wasteandEVbatteriesarecurrentlyrecycledthroughprocessescalledpyrometallurgy(火法冶金术)andhydrometallurgy(湿法冶金术).However,theyinvolveburningtemperatureswithahighenergydemandanddeepcarbonfootprint,andpoisonouschemicalswhichareharmfultotheenvironment.Alternativesarethereforebeingsought.AteamofscientistsfromtheUniversityofCoventryareextendingonesuchalternative.Theyhavebeenusingnon-poisonousbacteriatooxidizeandrecoverthepreciousmetals—aprocessknownas“bioleaching”.Theyhaveshownthatcopperiswidelyrecoverablefrome-waste,andthatallmetalspresentinEVbatteriescanberecoveredbyusingmicrobes(微生物).Ifextended,bioleachingfacilitieswouldmeanthatmanufacturersofEVbatteriesandotherelectronicgoodswouldbeabletorecovermetalslocally,relyinglessoncostlyexportstorecyclingcentersabroad.“Atpresent,akeylimitationfore-wasterecyclingisthelackofcertificationdetailingthetypesandamountsofmetalscontainedinelectronicgoods.Butwithanefficientrecyclingprocessappearing,manufacturershavethemotivationtousemorerecycledmaterialintheirproducts,whichwillchangetheverydesignofelectronicsgoods.It’saboutclosingtheloopofaproduct’slifecycle,”saidtheleaderoftheBioleachingResearchGroup,SebastienFarnaud.Ultimately,bioleachingtechnologyisbornoutoftheideaofcreatingatrulycircularprocessforthethingsthatweconsume.Weneedtoshiftfromamindsetandeconomywhereweseewasteasanendproduct,toonewherethereisn’tevenastartoranendatall.12.WhatdothestatisticsinParagraph1indicate？A.Peoplepaynoattentiontoe-wasterecycling.B.Therecyclingrateofe-wasteiscomparativelylow.C.E-wastehascausedseriousenvironmentalproblems.D.Theamountofe-wasteissharplyincreasingeveryyear.13.Whatisthedisadvantageofcurrentwaysofrecyclinge-waste？ A.Theyarenotenvironmentallyfriendly.B.Theyonlyapplytocertaine-waste.C.Theygeneratemetalswithacomplexprocess.D.Theycauseasharpriseinlocaltemperatures.14.Whatdoweknowaboutthebioleachingtechnology？A.Ithasbeenappliedabroad.B.Itreleasesnopoisonousgas.C.Itrecoversmetalsbymicrobes.D.Itpromotesthelocalexporttrade.15.Thetextismostprobablyapartof______.A.atravelguideB.afictionnovelC.ahealthmagazineD.ascientificjournal【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项科学研究——生物浸出技术，用来回收电子垃圾中的贵金属。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“In2019,theworldgenerated54.6milliontonsofe-waste.However,just17.4percentofitwasformallycollectedandrecycled.Since2014,theamountofe-wasterecycledhasgrownby1.8milliontons-arelativelysmallamount,consideringthattheamountofe-wastegeneratedincreasedby9.2milliontonsinthesameperiod.(2019年，全球产生了5460万吨电子垃圾。然而，只有17.4%的垃圾被正式收集和回收。自2014年以来，电子垃圾的回收量增加了180万吨——相对于同期电子垃圾产生量增加了920万吨来说，这是一个相对较小的数量。)”可知，本段中的统计数字说明电子垃圾的回收率相对较低。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“E-wasteandEVbatteriesarecurrentlyrecycledthroughprocessescalledpyrometallurgy(火法冶金术)andhydrometallurgy(湿法冶金术).However,theyinvolveburningtemperatureswithahighenergydemandanddeepcarbonfootprint,andpoisonouschemicalswhichareharmfultotheenvironment.(电子垃圾和电动汽车电池目前通过火法和湿法回收。然而，它们涉及到能源需求高、碳足迹深的燃烧温度，以及对环境有害的有毒化学物质。)”可知，目前回收电子垃圾的方法对环境不利。故选A项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Theyhavebeenusingnon-poisonousbacteriatooxidizeandrecovertheprecious metals—aprocessknownas“bioleaching”.Theyhaveshownthatcopperiswidelyrecoverablefrome-waste,andthatallmetalspresentinEVbatteriescanberecoveredbyusingmicrobes(微生物).(他们一直在使用无毒的细菌来氧化和回收贵金属——这一过程被称为“生物浸出”。他们已经表明，铜可以从电子垃圾中广泛回收，而电动汽车电池中的所有金属都可以通过使用微生物来回收。)”可知，生物浸出技术就是通过微生物来回收金属。故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，根据第三段中“AteamofscientistsfromtheUniversityofCoventryareextendingonesuchalternative.Theyhavebeenusingnon-poisonousbacteriatooxidizeandrecoverthepreciousmetals—aprocessknownas“bioleaching”.(来自Coventry大学的一组科学家正在推广这样一种替代方案。他们一直在使用无毒的细菌来氧化和回收贵金属——这一过程被称为‘生物浸出’。)”可知，本文主要介绍一组科学家的一项科学研究——生物浸出技术，用来回收电子垃圾中的贵金属。从而推断，本文来自于科学杂志。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Forpeoplewhoareplanningatrip,avisittoamuseummightnotbethefirstthingtheythinkof.Afterall,thereareplentyofwaystoappreciatetheworld’scivilization,gainexcitingexperiencesandspendqualitytimewithfamilyandfriends.____16____Museumsarewherepeoplelearnsomethingnew,ateveryage!Areyouinterestedinsomethingspecific?____17____.There,youwillfindyourselfdrawninandinspired!Museumsareafantasticplacetolearnaboutaregion’shistory,scientificachievements,majorculturalevents,andofcourse,dinosaurs.Theyalsodesignexhibitionsrelatedtovisualarts,industrialinnovationsandanythingthatinspiresanindividualtolearnaboutthepastandcreatenewpathstothefuture.____18____Theywillsurelybeanexcitingpartoftheeducationalexperiencewiththemainpurposetoexposechildrentoknowledgeofvariousfieldsandexpandtheirhorizons.Toachievethat,museumsareworkingtocreatemeaningfulandengagingactivities,interactiveandknowledge-based.Museumssupporttourism.Theyaretourismpromotersinsmalltownsandlargecities.Museumsaren’taburdenontaxrevenue(税收)oraseparateconcernfromothercityprojects.____19____Statisticsshowthatmuseumssupportmorethan726,000jobsinAmerica.Museumsshapecommunities.Theyhaveactivitiesandexhibitionsthroughwhichvisitorscanlearnaboutlocalhistory.Museumsareplaceswhereasharedheritageiscelebratedandacollectiveidentityisformed.Theyprovide aninterestingpublicspacewherepeoplemeetandtalktoeachother.____20____A.Museumsbringoutthebestqualitiesinchildren.B.Museumsoftendeliverkids-centeredexhibitions.C.Instead,theygeneratefundingandfuelemployment.D.Then,visitalocalmuseumtolearnaboutthatsubject.E.Evenshoppingatthegiftshopthereisanopportunityforconnection.F.Onthecontrary,theyconsumeasmallpercentageofcityfundsannually.G.Thefact,however,isthatmuseumsoffermagicalbenefitsinmanyways.【答案】16.G17.D18.B19.C20.E【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了博物馆的多项社会性功能。【16题详解】根据上文“Forpeoplewhoareplanningatrip,avisittoamuseummightnotbethefirstthingtheythinkof.Afterall,thereareplentyofwaystoappreciatetheworld’scivilization,gainexcitingexperiencesandspendqualitytimewithfamilyandfriends.(对于计划旅行的人来说，参观博物馆可能不是他们想到的第一件事。毕竟，有很多方式可以欣赏世界文明，获得令人兴奋的体验，与家人和朋友共度美好时光)”可知，此处提到人们在旅行途中有很多选择，博物馆不是人们的首选地址，G项“Thefact,however,isthatmuseumsoffermagicalbenefitsinmanyways(然而，事实是博物馆在许多方面提供了神奇的好处。)”中的however表明，其实去博物馆有好多益处，此处点明本文的主题。上下文衔接连贯顺畅。故选G项。17题详解】根据上文“Museumsarewherepeoplelearnsomethingnew,ateveryage!Areyouinterestedinsomethingspecific?(博物馆是人们学习新东西的地方，不分年龄！你有什么特别的兴趣吗？)”可知，可以去博物馆观看感兴趣的东西；D项“Then,visitalocalmuseumtolearnaboutthatsubject.(然后，去当地的博物馆了解一下这个主题。)”中的thatsubject指代上文的somethingspecific，上下文连贯顺畅。故选D项。【18题详解】根据下文“Theywillsurelybeanexcitingpartoftheeducationalexperiencewiththemainpurposetoexposechildrentoknowledgeofvariousfieldsandexpandtheirhorizons.Toachievethat,museumsareworkingtocreatemeaningfulandengagingactivities,interactiveandknowledge-based.(它们肯定是教育经历中令人兴奋的一部分，主要目的是让孩子们接触各个领域的知识，扩大他们的视野。为了实现这一目标，博物馆正在努力创造有意义和吸引人的活动，以互动和知识为基础。)”可知，博物馆可以让孩子们接收到教育，B项“Museumsoftendeliverkids-centeredexhibitions.(博物馆经常举办以儿童为中心的展览。)”作本段小标 题，上下文连贯顺畅。故选B项。19题详解】根据上文“Museumssupporttourism.Theyaretourismpromotersinsmalltownsandlargecities.Museumsaren’taburdenontaxrevenue(税收)oraseparateconcernfromothercityprojects.(博物馆支持旅游业。他们是小城镇和大城市的旅游推动者。博物馆不是税收的负担，也不是与其他城市项目分开的单独的问题。)”可知，本段中涉及博物馆对城市旅行业的推动；C项“Instead,theygeneratefundingandfuelemployment.(相反，它们创造了资金和就业。)”与上文为转折关系，下文“Statisticsshowthatmuseumssupportmorethan726,000jobsinAmerica(统计数据显示，博物馆在美国提供了72.6万个工作岗位)”可知，此处具体解释博物馆创造工作机会的功能，呼应C项的fuelemployment，上下文衔接连贯顺畅。故选C项。【20题详解】根据上文“Museumsshapecommunities.Theyhaveactivitiesandexhibitionsthroughwhichvisitorscanlearnaboutlocalhistory.Museumsareplaceswhereasharedheritageiscelebratedandacollectiveidentityisformed.Theyprovideaninterestingpublicspacewherepeoplemeetandtalktoeachother.(博物馆塑造社区。他们有活动和展览，游客可以通过这些活动了解当地的历史。博物馆是庆祝共同遗产和形成集体身份的地方。它们提供了一个有趣的公共空间，人们可以在这里见面交谈。)”可知，本段涉及博物馆塑造社区的功能，博物馆作为一个公共空间，人们可以相互交流；E项“Evenshoppingatthegiftshopthereisanopportunityforconnection.(即使是在礼品店购物，也有机会建立联系。)”可知，在博物馆的周边产业，如礼品店，在这里人们也有机会进行交流联系，上下文顺畅。故选E项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onesummernight,myfriendsandIstoleintotheJordans’backyardandstartedharvestingtheirsweet,juicyraspberries(树莓).Wewereenjoyingeverybiteofthetastyberries___21___MrJordancamechargingoutsideallofasudden.“Whatareyouboysdoingouthere?”heyelledasmyfriendsranoff___22___alldirections.Heattemptedtocatchoneortwoastheyrushedpasthim,buttheyweretoo___23___fortheoldergentlemantocatch.Withinseconds,theboys___24___intothedarkofthesummernight.Allexceptme.However,speedwasnevermy___25___.Itookthetongue-lashing(痛骂)thatMrJordangavemeashemarchedmedowntheblocktomyhouse,wheremymothertookoverandscoldedme___26___.Myfriendssaid theycouldhearevery___27___wordshespokefromthedarknessofourbackyard,wheretheyhadgatheredto___28___theirescapeandtoobservemycapture.Theyteasedmeaboutitfordaysafterwards,whileallIcoulddowascomplainabouthow___29___itwasthatIwastheonlyonewhohadtopaytheprice.Afteraboutaweekofthis,Icomplainedtomyfatherabouttheinequalityofthesituation.Dadsaid,“Youtookraspberrieswithout____30____,andyougetexactlythepunishmentyoudeserved.”“Butwhatabouttheotherguys?”Iasked.“Theydidn’tgetpunishedatall!”“That’snotmyconcernnorshoulditbeyours,”Dadsaid.“Youcan’t____31____whathappenstoothers.Youcanonly____32____whathappenstoyou.Youmadeabadchoicethatnight,andyouwerepunishedforit.”____33____thedurationofthefollowingyears,Icometorealizethereisnoguaranteethatlifewilltreatusfairly.That’swhywecan’t____34____comparingourliveswiththelivesofothers.LikeDadsaid,thatisn’tour____35____.21.A.beforeB.whileC.whenD.after22.A.towardsB.inC.atD.from23.A.smartB.foxyC.swiftD.intelligent24.A.hidB.marchedC.hurriedD.disappeared25.A.strengthB.powerC.intentionD.option26.A.cruellyB.bitterlyC.mercilesslyD.pitifully27.A.colorfulB.offensiveC.violentD.creative28.A.negotiateB.celebrateC.plotD.congratulate29.A.unhappyB.frustratingC.disappointingD.unfair30.A.thinkingB.warningC.askingD.informing31.A.controlB.predictC.acceptD.explain32.A.putupwithB.getawaywithC.agreewithD.dealwith33.A.InB.ForC.ThroughD.Since34.A.getstuckinB.getengagedinC.beinvolvedinD.beburiedin35.A.problemB.complaintC.concernD.choice【答案】21.C22.B23.C24.D25.A26.B27.A28.B29.D30.C31.A32.D33.B34.A35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。短文叙述了作者和伙伴们偷树莓，但是唯独作者被抓到，并受到了惩罚由 此引起作者对生活的感悟。【21题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：。我们正津津有味地吃着美味的浆果，突然乔丹先生冲了出来。A.before在……之前；B.while当……时候，正在那时；C.when当……时候；D.after在……之后。bedoingsthwhen……“正在做某事正在那时”为固定句型。故选C项。【22题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：“你们在外面干什么?”我的朋友们朝四面八方跑去时，他喊道。A.towards向；B.in在……里；C.at在（表示存在或出现的地点、场所、位置、空间）；D.from来自。根据下文“Heattemptedtocatchoneortwo”可知，作者的朋友们朝四面八方跑去。inalldirections“四面八方”。故选B项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当它们从他身边冲过时，他试图抓住其中一两个，但他们跑得太快了，老先生没能抓住。A.smart聪明的；B.foxy狡猾的；C.swift敏捷的；D.intelligent聪明的。根据下文“Withinseconds,theboys___4___intothedarkofthesummernight.”可知，他们跑得太快了。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几秒钟后，男孩们消失在夏夜的黑暗中。A.hid隐藏；B.marched前进；C.hurried匆匆；D.disappeared消失。根据上文“buttheyweretoo___3___fortheoldergentlemantocatch.”可知，男孩们消失在夏夜的黑暗中。故选D项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，速度从来都不是我的强项。A.strength力气，优势；B.power力量；C.intention意图；D.option选择。根据上文“Allexceptme”可知，速度从来都不是作者的强项。故选A项。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我挨了乔丹先生的一顿臭骂，他带着我穿过街区回到了我的家，母亲接过了我的手，愤怒地骂了我一顿。A.cruelly残忍地；B.bitterly愤怒地，痛苦地；C.mercilessly残忍地；D.pitifully可怜地。根据上文“Itookthetongue-lashing(痛骂)”可知，作者挨了乔丹先生的一顿臭骂，妈妈也愤怒地骂了作者。故选B项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友们说，他们能在我们后院的黑暗中听到她说的每一个精彩的词，他们聚集在那里庆祝他们的逃脱，并观看我被捕。A.colorful丰富多彩的；B.offensive无礼的；C.violent暴力的；D.creative有创造力的。根据上文“wheremymothertookoverandscoldedme___6___”可知，他们 能在我们后院的黑暗中听到妈妈说的每一个精彩的词，colorful丰富多彩的，这是朋友们的一种戏谑的说法。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友们说，他们能在我们后院的黑暗中听到她说的每一个精彩的词，他们聚集在那里庆祝他们的逃脱，并观看我被捕。A.negotiate协商；B.celebrate庆祝；C.plot密谋；D.congratulate祝贺。根据上文可知，所有的朋友头逃跑了，所以他们聚集在那里庆祝他们的逃脱。故选B项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来他们拿这件事取笑了我好几天，而我能做的就是抱怨这是多么不公平，我是唯一一个要为此付出代价的人。A.unhappy不快乐的；B.frustrating令人沮丧的；C.disappointing令人失望的；D.unfair不公平的。根据下文“Iwastheonlyonewhohadtopaytheprice.”可知，我能做的就是抱怨这是多么不公平。故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸说:“你没问就拿了树莓，你得到了你应得的惩罚。”A.thinking思考；B.warning警告；C.asking问；D.informing告知。根据上文“myfriendsandIstoleintotheJordans’backyard”可知，作者是偷了树莓，所以没问就拿了树莓。故选C项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你无法控制发生在别人身上的事。A.control控制；B.predict预测；C.accept接受；D.explain解释。根据常识以及只有作者被惩罚而其他人逃脱了可知，你无法控制发生在别人身上的事。故选A项。【32题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：你只能处理发生在你身上的事情。A.putupwith忍受；B.getawaywith侥幸成功；C.agreewith同意；D.dealwith处理。根据上文“yougetexactlythepunishmentyoudeserved.”可知，你只能处理发生在你身上的事情。故选D项。【33题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几年里，我逐渐意识到生活不一定会公平对待我们。A.In在……里；B.For因为，（表示时间）持续；C.Through通过；D.Since自从。根据“thedurationofthefollowingyears”可知，for+一段时间。故选B项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么我们不能执着于把自己的生活和别人的生活进行比较。A.getstuckin下定决心做；B.getengagedin参与；C.beinvolvedin参与；D.beburiedin专心于。根据上文 “Afteraboutaweekofthis,Icomplainedtomyfatherabouttheinequalityofthesituation.Dadsaid,“Youtookraspberrieswithout___10___,andyougetexactlythepunishmentyoudeserved.”“Butwhatabouttheotherguys?”Iasked.“Theydidn’tgetpunishedatall!”以及作者的感悟可知，这就是为什么我们不能执着于把自己的生活和别人的生活进行比较故选A项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像爸爸说的，那不是我们关心的事。A.problem问题；B.complaint抱怨；C.concern关心；D.choice选择。根据上文“That’snotmyconcernnorshoulditbeyours”可知，就像爸爸说的，那不是我们关心的事。故选C项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Acomfortingcupofteaisanessentialpartofthedayforhundredsofmillionsofpeoplearoundtheglobe.Worldwide,threecupsoftea____36____(consume)foreverycupofcoffee.Tofullyappreciatetheancientrootsofthe____37____(herb)drink,avisittotheChinaNationalTeaMuseummightbe_______38_______order.Theinstitutionhasalonghistory.____39____(locate)inHangzhou,themuseumoccupiesaparklikesetting.Inside,varioushallsdemonstratethestoryoftea,itsceremonies(仪式)anditstools.RecordsofteadrinkingdateasfarbackasthetenthcenturyB.C.inChina.____40____(original)theleaveswerebakedintoabrick,apartof____41____couldbebrokenoffandmadeintoapowder(粉状物).TeaspreadintonorthernChinaduringtheTangDynasty;bytheSongDynastyit____42____(acquire)aloose-leafproductionaswellastheceremoniesthatmadeitsconsumption____43____artform.Theartofteaextendedtoitsfancy____44____(contain),whichareondisplayatthemuseum.Gracefullyroundedkettlesdateback5,000years;teabowlsfromtheTangDynastyhaveabeautifulsimplicity.Todayvisitorscanobserveateaceremonythatmightbeenough____45____(change)eventhemostpassionatecoffeedrinker.【答案】36.areconsumed37.herbal38.in39.Located40.Originally41.which42.hadacquired43.an44.containers45.tochange【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是中国茶叶博物馆和茶的历史。【36题详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：在世界范围内，每喝一杯咖啡就要喝三杯茶。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，茶叶是被消耗，因此用一般现在时的被动语态，主语threecupsoftea是复数，因此空格处是areconsumed。故填areconsumed。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：要想充分领略这种草药饮料的古老根源，不妨去参观中国茶叶博物馆。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词drink，herb的形容词是herbal，意为“草药的”，故填herbal。38题详解】考查介词。句意：要想充分领略这种草药饮料的古老根源，不妨去参观中国茶叶博物馆。inorder是固定短语，意为“合适，恰当”，此处表示“要想充分领略这种草药饮料的古老根源，去参观中国茶叶博物馆是合适的”，因此空格处是介词in，故填in。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：博物馆位于杭州，坐落在公园般的环境中。句中谓语是occupies，空格处用非谓语动词，themuseum和locate之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Located。【40题详解】考查副词。句意：最初，树叶被烘烤成砖，其中一部分可以折断，制成粉末。空格处用副词作状语，修饰整个句子，original的副词是originally，意为“最初”，句首单词首字母大写，故填Originally。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：最初，树叶被烘烤成砖，其中一部分可以折断，制成粉末。空格处是“介词+which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词brick是物，因此空格处用which，故填which。【42题详解】考查时态。句意：到了宋代，它已经有了活页制作和仪式，使它的消费成为一种艺术形式。“by+时间”是完成时的标志，由bytheSongDynasty可知，句子时态是过去完成时，因此空格处是hadacquired。故填hadacquired。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：到了宋代，它已经有了活页制作和仪式，使它的消费成为一种艺术形式。form是可数名词，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，art是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an，故填an。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：茶的艺术延伸到其别致的容器，这些容器在博物馆展出。fancy是形容词，修饰名词， contain的名词是container，意为“容器”，由are可知，空格处用复数，故填containers。【45题详解】考查不定式。句意：今天，游客们可以观赏到一种茶道，它可能足以改变即使是最热情的咖啡饮用者。beenoughtodo是固定短语，意为“足以做某事”，因此空格处是不定式tochange。故填tochange。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是某国际学校学生李华，你的爱尔兰笔友Kelly对你提到的学校“多元文化日”(MulticulturalDay)活动很感兴趣。请回信告知他关于该活动的相关信息。内容包括：1.活动时间;2.活动目的和内容。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearKelly,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearKelly,KnowingthatyouareinterestedinMulticulturalDayofourschool,Iamwritingtointroduceittoyou.Itisdesignedtoincreasethestudents’understandingofdifferentculturesallovertheworld.WecelebrateitonJuly1steveryyear,whenweorganizeavarietyofactivitiessuchasdanceperformances,exhibitionsandfashionshowsandsoon.Itisthroughtheseactivitiesthatwecanhaveadeeperunderstandingofdifferentculturesaroundtheworld.Forexample,duringthedanceperformance,wecanenjoydancesperformedbystudentsfromdifferentcountries.Yours,LiHua【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给爱尔兰笔友Kelly写回信，介绍学校的“多元文化日”活动。【详解】1.词汇积累对……有兴趣：beinterestedin→haveinterestin是为了：bedesignedtodo→beintendedtodo组织：organize→arrange各种各样的：avarietyof→various2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：KnowingthatyouareinterestedinMulticulturalDayofourschool,Iamwritingtointroduceittoyou.拓展句：BecauseIknowthatyouareinterestedinMulticulturalDayofourschool,Iamwritingtointroduceittoyou.【点睛】【高分句型1】WecelebrateitonJuly1steveryyear,whenweorganizeavarietyofactivitiessuchasdanceperformances,exhibitionsandfashionshowsandsoon.（运用了when引导的非限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】Itisthroughtheseactivitiesthatwecanhaveadeeperunderstandingofdifferentculturesaroundtheworld.（运用了强调句型Itis+被强调部分+that+句子其它部分）第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Ifoundthekittensittingonthefrontstepofourhouse.Hewasblackandwhiteandlookedquiteweak.Wheredidhecomefrom?Inoticedhehadnocollararoundhisneck.Whowouldbesoirresponsible?Iwentinsideandopenedacanoffish.AfterIplacedthecaninthedoorway,thekittenhungrilylappeditupandthenwalkedrightinsidethehouse.Later,afterjumpingontoabunchofpillowsonthecouch,hebegantogroomhishair.Ibethislastownersdidn’tlovehimatall!Ithought.Ifsomeonecan’ttakecareoftheirkittentheydeservetolosehim!Ourfamilyneverownedpets,butIhadalwayswantedone.It’sagoodthingIfoundthatkittenandtookhimin.Thankgoodnesshefoundme!Thekittenkeptmeowingquitealot.Andthen,itstartedtryingtobitemyhand.“Hey,kitten!I’mnotfood!”Isaid.Butthekittentriedagaintobitemyfinger.IknewIhadtogethimsomepropercatfood.“Youstayput,kitten!”Itoldhim.“I’mgoingtogetyoufood!”ThenIgrabbedmykeysandheadedouttothepetstorenearesttoourhouse.Onmywaytothestore,Ispottedasignonthetelephonepole: LOSTKITTEN-BlackandWhite,veryfriendly.Ifyoufindhim,pleasecallus.“Ifyouweresoworriedaboutyourkitten,”Ithought,“maybeyoushouldhavetakenbettercareofhim!”WhenIwalkedintothepetstore,Ifoundthattheplacewaspackedwithkidshandingoutflyersaboutthesamecattocustomersinside.Inthebackofthestore,Isawaboyunder10yearsold,cryinginhiswheelchair.“Ican’tbelieveIlostmykitten!”hesaidtohisparents.注意：续写词数应为150左右。Ilookedattheflyersonthewallcarefullythistime—itwasdefinitelythecatIhadbackathome!_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thelittleboybegantocrywithlaughter._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】OnepossibleversionIlookedattheflyersonthewallcarefullythistime—itwasdefinitelythecatIhadbackathome!Thenthetruthofthesituationhitme—Ihadstolenalittleboy’scat!ItriedtojustifywhyIshouldkeepthekittenbyconvincingmyselftheownersdeservedtolosehim.NowIsawthatitwasallabigmistake.Iapproachedthelittleboyinthewheelchair.Heblewhisnoseandlookedupatme.“Ihaveyourkitten,”Itoldhim.“I’msorry.Ijustfoundhimandfedhim.He’satmyhouse.”Thelittleboybegantocrywithlaughter.Heheldhisarmsoutandgavemeabighug.“Thankyousomuch!Iwasjustabouttoputanewcollaronhimwhenheranoutthedoor.Icouldn’tchasehimbecauseofmylegs...”Ithenranhometogetthekittenandreunitedtheownerandhispetfinally.Ioncethoughtforsurethekitten’sownersdeservedtolosehim;yetintheend,Iwastheonewhodidn’tdeservetokeepthekitten.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线 索展开，讲述了作者捡到了一只猫，本来想自己收养，结果在去宠物店的路上发现了寻猫启事。作者在宠物店发现了猫的主人是一个坐轮椅的男孩，经过一番内心挣扎，作者最后还是把猫还给了男孩。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“这次我仔细看了墙上传单——它绝对是我在家里养的那只猫！”可知，第一段可描写作者纠结要不要把猫还给男孩以及决定把猫还给男孩。②由第二段首句内容“小男孩笑得哭了起来”可知，第二段可描写男孩解释为什么弄丢了猫，以及猫和男孩最终团聚。2.续写线索：说服自己——靠近男孩——说明猫在自己家——男孩感谢——男孩和猫团聚——感悟3.词汇激活行为类解释：justify/explain说服：convince/persuade拥抱：givesb.ahug/embrace情绪类仔细地：carefully/thoroughly感谢：thankyou/showgratitudeto【点睛】[高分句型1]ItriedtojustifywhyIshouldkeepthekittenbyconvincingmyselftheownersdeservedtolosehim.(运用了why引导宾语从句)