浙江省宁波市金兰教育合作组织2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期中考试试题（Word版附解析）

2022学年第二学期宁波金兰教育合作组织期中联考高一年级英语试题第Ⅰ卷(选择题部分)第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthewomanwaitingfor?A.Abus.B.Thesubway.C.Ataxi.2.Whereisthegirlnow?A.InRochester.B.InChicago.C.InBoston.3.Whatisthewoman’ssondoing?A.Eatingpopcorn.B.Drawingonthesand.C.Playinginthewaves.4.Howmanyrightanswersdidthegirlhave?A.50.B.40.C.10.5.Whatwilltheweatherbelikenextweek?A.Rainy.B.Foggy.C.Sunny.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howdoesthemanfeel?A.Tired.B.Thirsty.第22页/共22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 C.Hungry.7.Whatdayisittoday?A.Saturday.B.Friday.C.Thursday.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8.Whywastheconcertcanceled?A.Theticketsdidn’tsellwellB.Theweatherwasbad.C.Theperformerfeltuncomfortable.9.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodoontheweekend?A.Gohiking.B.Goswimming.C.WatchTV.10Whatdoesthemanmeanintheend?A.Hewilljointhewoman.B.Hewillmisshisfavoriteseason.C.HewillcallVivianandDavid.听第8段材料，回答第11、12题。11.Howwillthemangotothemarket?A.Bytaxi.B.Bycar.C.Bysubway.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Co-workers.C.Strangers.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatdoesthewomanprobablydo?A.Sheisahotelreceptionist.第22页/共22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 B.Sheisasalesperson.C.Sheisamanager.14.Whydoesthemanneedacar?A.Heisgoingonatrip.B.Hewillhaveaninterview.C.Hewantstomakehiswife’swishcometrue.15.Howlongwillthemankeepacar?A.Halfaday.B.Oneday.C.Oneweek.16.Whichcardoesthemanchooseatlast?A.Thegrayone.B.Theredone.C.Theblackone.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Italiancoffee.B.Italianfoodindustry.C.Italianeatinghabits.18.Whatdopeopleprefertoeatinthenorthaccordingtothespeaker?A.Fruits.B.Meat.C.Vegetables.C.19.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofthe“touristmenu”?A.Expensive.B.Fair.C.Cheap.20.Whatdoesthespeakermentionintheend?A.Coffee.B.Butter.C.Milk.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15个小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)AFirstYearLearningCommunitiesinUniversityofTorontoScarboroughCampus(UTSC)FirstYearLearningCommunities,alsoknownas“FLCs”,aregroupsofstudentsfromsimilarprogramsofstudy.FLCsfocusonbuildingcommunityandworkingtogethertobuildskillsforsuccess.第22页/共22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 WhyJoin?FirstYearLearningCommunitieshelpfirst-yearstudentstomakeconnectionswithintheirprogramofstudywhiledevelopingacademic,careerandpersonalskills.Eachyear,pastparticipantstellushowtheprogramhelpedthemtogettoknowtheirclassmates,faculty,staff,andalumni.Studentsalsotellusthattheprogramhelpedthembefamiliarwithuniversityandenhancetheiruniversityexperience.AbouttheProgramFLCsmeeteverytwoweeksforFLCMeetings,facilitatedbytheirupper-yearFLCLeaders.FLCsaredividedbyprogramofstudy,withamaximumof40studentsineachFLC.Thereisnocostforparticipatinginthisprogram.TheprogramwillbegininearlySeptemberandwillrununtilApril30.FLCMeetingswilltakeplaceoncampusandin-person.FLCprogrammingmayincludeoff-campustrips,specialevents,andvirtualevents.ApplicationDates&DeadlinesTheformalapplicationperiodwillrunfromJune1toSeptember1.ApplicantswillbenotifiedoftheirstatusbySeptember3.Youcanapplyathttps://www.utsc.utoronto.ca/first-year-learning-communities-program-flip.ApplyingAftertheDeadlineStudentsmaycontinuetoapplyaftertheapplicationdeadlineandthroughouttheschoolyear.Shouldyouapplyoutsideofthisperiod,youwillbeaddedtoourwaitinglistandnotifiedifspacescomeavailable.EligibilityToparticipateinthisprogram,youmustbeanundergraduate,UTSCstudentinyourfirstyearatU’TSC.Transferstudentsandstudentswithtransfercreditsarewelcomeandencouragedtoapply.TheFirstYearLearningCommunitiesProgramisopentothefollowingprogramsofstudy:Arts(Humanities,SocialSciencesandVisual&PerformingArts)ComputerScience,Mathematics&StatisticsPhysical&EnvironmentalSciencesPsychological&HealthSciences1.WhatcantheFLCshelpfirst-yearstudentsdoinUTSC?A.Adjusttocollegelife.B.Changeprogramsofstudy.C.Raisemoneyforuniversities.D.Learncollegecoursesinadvance.2.Whatistheformalsubmissionclosingdatefortheprogram?A.June1.B.September1.C.September3.D.April30.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?第22页/共22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 A.Atextbook.B.Acourseplan.C.Anacademicreport.D.Aprogramapplication.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了多伦多大学士嘉堡校区大一新生学习社团项目，其参加原因、项目介绍、申请及参加资格。【1题详解】细节理解题。根“WhyJoin?(为什么加入？)”部分中“FirstYearLearningCommunitieshelpfirst-yearstudentstomakeconnectionswithintheirprogramofstudywhiledevelopingacademic,careerandpersonalskills.(第一年学习社区帮助一年级学生在他们的学习计划中建立联系，同时发展学术、职业和个人技能。)”以及“Studentsalsotellusthattheprogramhelpedthembefamiliarwithuniversityandenhancetheiruniversityexperience.(学生们还告诉我们，这个项目帮助他们熟悉了大学，提高了他们的大学体验。)”可知，FLCs帮助大学一年级学生适应大学生活。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“ApplicationDates&Deadlines(申请日期及截止日期)”部分中信息“TheformalapplicationperiodwillrunfromJune1toSeptember1.(正式申请时间为6月1日至9月1日。)”可知，正式申请的截止日期是9月1日。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据标题“FirstYearLearningCommunitiesinUniversityofTorontoScarboroughCampus(UTSC)(多伦多大学斯卡伯勒校区(UTSC)第一年学习社区)”以及下文“WhyJoin?(为什么参加？)”以及“AbouttheProgram(关于项目)”；“ApplicationDates&Deadlines(申请截止日期)”；“ApplyingAftertheDeadline(截止日期后申请)”；“Eligibility(参加资格)”可知，文章主要介绍大学新生学习社团项目，其参加原因、项目介绍、申请及参加资格。由此推断，该文出自一个项目申请。故选D。BAsayounggirlgrowingupinFrance,SarahToumidreamedofbecomingaleaderwhocouldmaketheworldabetterplace.Herpassiontohelpotherswasawakenedwhen,fromtheageofnine,sheaccompaniedherTunisianfathertohisbirthplaceintheeastofthecountryduringholidays.Theresheorganizedhomeworkclubsandactivitiesforchildren.Toumiwitnessedfirst-handthedestructiveeffectofdesertification(沙漠化).”Within10yearsrichfarmersbecameworseoff,andin10yearsfromnowtheywillbepoor.IwantedtostoptheSaharaDesertinitstracks.“Adecreaseinaveragerainfallandanincreaseintheseverityofdroughtshaveledtoanestimated75percentof第22页/共22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Tunisia’sagriculturallandsbeingthreatenedbydesertification.Toumirecognizedthatfarmingpracticesneededtochange.Sheisconfidentthatsmalllandareascanbringlargereturnsiffarmersareabletoadaptbyplantingsustainablecropsusingnewtechnologiesforwatertreatmentandfocusingonnaturalproductsandfertilisers(肥料)ratherthanchemicals.In2012,Toumicontinuedherdreamtofightthedesert.ShemovedtoTunisia,andsetupaprogrammenamedAcaciasforAlltoputhersustainablefarmingphilosophyintoaction.”Iwanttoshowyoungpeopleinruralareasthattheycancreateopportunitieswheretheyare.Nobodyisbetterabletounderstandtheimpactofdesertificationandclimatechangethansomebodywhoislivingwithnoaccesstowater.“BySeptember2016,morethan130,000acaciatreeshadbeenplantedon20pilotfarms,withfarmersrecordinga60percentsurvivalrate.Toumiestimatesthatsome3millionacaciatreesareneededtoprotectTunisia’sfarmland.Sheexpectstoplant1milliontreesby2028.Inthenextcoupleofyears,ToumihopestoextendtheprogrammetoAlgeriaandMorocco.4.HowdidToumi’sholidaytripstoTunisiainfluenceher?A.Theyfiredherenthusiasmforhelpingothers.B.Theyhelpedherbetterunderstandherfather.C.Theymadeherdecidetoleavethecountry.D.Theydestroyedherdreamofbeingateacher.5.WhatisthemaincauseofthedesertificationofTunisia’sfarmland?A.Coldweather.B.Soilpollution.C.Lowrainfall.D.Forestdamage.6.WhydidToumisetupAcaciasforAllinTunisia?A.Tocreatejobopportunitiesforyoungpeople.B.Tofacilitatetheprotectionoftheirfarmland.C.Topersuadethefarmersnottousefertilizers.D.Tohelpthechildrenobtainabasiceducation.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?ASavingWaterinAfricaB.FightingPovertyinNorthAfricaC.HoldingbacktheSaharaD.PlantingTreesinTunisia第22页/共22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公图米在假期陪伴父亲回突尼斯东部的出生地后，激发了她要帮助当地人的热情，由此创立了AcaciasforAll项目，种植金合欢树，保护当地农田免遭撒哈拉沙漠吞噬，实践其可持续农业的理念。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Herpassiontohelpotherswasawakenedwhen,fromtheageofnine,sheaccompaniedherTunisianfathertohisbirthplaceintheeastofthecountryduringholidays.(从9岁起，她就开始在假期陪伴她来自于突尼斯的父亲去突尼斯东部的出生地，这激发了她帮助他人的热情。)”可知，图米去突尼斯度假的经历唤醒了她帮助他人的热情。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Adecreaseinaveragerainfallandanincreaseintheseverityofdroughtshaveledtoanestimated75percentofTunisia’sagriculturallandsbeingthreatenedbydesertification.(平均降雨量的减少和干旱严重程度的增加导致突尼斯大约75%的农业土地受到沙漠化的威胁。)”可知，降雨量少是突尼斯农田沙漠化的主要原因。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句“ShemovedtoTunisia,andsetupaprogrammenamedAcaciasforAlltoputhersustainablefarmingphilosophyintoaction.(她搬到突尼斯，并建立了一个名为AcaciasforAll的项目，将她的可持续农业理念付诸行动。)”以及最后一段中“BySeptember2016,morethan130,000acaciatreeshadbeenplantedon20pilotfarms,withfarmersrecordinga60percentsurvivalrate.Toumiestimatesthatsome3millionacaciatreesareneededtoprotectTunisia’sfarmland.(截至2016年9月，在20个试点农场种植了13万多棵金合欢树，农民记录其成活率达到60%。图米估计，为了保护突尼斯的农田，大约需要300万棵金金合欢。)”可知，她创立AcaciasforAll项目的目的是保护当地的农田。故选B项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其最后一段中“BySeptember2016,morethan130,000acaciatreeshadbeenplantedon20pilotfarms,withfarmersrecordinga60percentsurvivalrate.Toumiestimatesthatsome3millionacaciatreesareneededtoprotectTunisia’sfarmland.(截至2016年9月，在20个试点农场种植了13万多棵金合欢树，农民记录其成活率达到60%。图米估计，为了保护突尼斯的农田，大约需要300万棵金合槐。)”可知，文章讲述的是主人公图米在9岁时，在一次陪伴爸爸回突尼斯家乡时激发了她要帮助当地人的热情，由此创立了AcaciasforAll项目，种植金合欢树，改善保护当地农田，坚持与沙漠化作斗争，实践其可持续农业的理念。C选项“HoldingbacktheSahara(阻挡撒哈拉沙漠)”符合文章标题。故选C。第22页/共22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 CExpertsbelievethebesttinetoteachkidslanguageskillsiswhentheyarebabies.Actuallythetaskiseasilydonewithparentsreadingortalkingtotheirbabies.However,thatisimpossiblewhenkidsareborndeaf.Inthatcase,parentseitherhavetoquicklybecomeadeptatsignlanguageorriskthechildfacinglearningdelaysinthefuture.Now,alovelyblue-eyedrobot,ahumanavatar(用户头像),andsomehigh-techneuroscience(神经科学)mayhelpparentswiththisimportantdevelopmentaltask.TheRobotAvatarThermal-Enhancedsystem,orRAVE,isthecreationofateamledbyPetitto,ascientistatGallaudetUniversity.Thelearningbeginswhentherobot’sthermal(热力的)camera,whichisfocusedonthebaby’sface,sensessmallchangesinhisbodytemperature,whichisassociatedwithawareness.This,combinedwiththebaby’sfacialexpression,causestherobottoturnitsheadandguidethebaby’sattentiontoacomputerscreen.Here,ahumanavatarstartstocommunicatewiththebabymuchlikeaparentwould.Forexample,ifthebabypointstowardsthescreen,theavatarmightrespond,“Areyoupointingtome?”andfollowthatupwithafairytale,orsomenecessarysocialcommunication,allinsignlanguage.The“conversation”continuesuntilthekidlosesinterest.Theteam,whohavebeentestingthesystemforthreeyears,foundthatbabiesbegantomovetheirhandsinawaysimilartosignlanguageafterinteractingwithRAVEforjustafewminutes.Petittosaysnaturallanguage,whethercommunicatedthroughspeechorsign,startsthesamepartsofthebrainandbelievesthemovementprovesthebabiesarelearningthekeypartsofcommunication.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“adept”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Nervous.B.Skillful.C.Sensitive.D.Astonished.9.Whomightbenefitmostfromtheblue-eyedrobotmentionedinthetext?A.Akidbornwithhearingproblems.B.Akidwhoenjoysrobottoys.C.Akidfondofmedicalscience.D.Akidwithagiftforlanguageskills.10.Whatisthepurposeoftheexampleinparagraph4?A.Toshowhowahumanavatarworks.B.Tostresstheimportanceofsignlanguage.C.Toexplainahumanavatar’sweakness.D.Toencourageparentstotalktotheirbabiesmore.11.WhatdoesPetittothinkoftheRAVE?A.Itiseasilydesigned.B.Itfallsshortofherexpectations.第22页/共22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 C.Itiseffectiveinaway.D.Ithelpsdeafbabiesheartheworld.【答案】8.B9.A10.A11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种可以帮助父母教婴儿学习语言的系统，以及该系统的工作原理及使用效果。【8题详解】词义猜测题。前文预设了孩子天生失聪的情况，后文提到“riskthechildfacinglearningdelaysinthefuture（要么就有可能让孩子在未来面临学习迟缓的风险。）”由此判断，如果家长没有快速掌握手语，那么就会让孩子得不到及时的语言学习，因此产生学习迟缓的风险。A.Nervous紧张的；B.Skillful有技巧的；熟练的；C.Sensetive敏感的；D.Astonished非常惊讶的。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。第三段提到“Thelearningbeginswhentherobot’sthermal(热力的)camera,whichisfocusedonthebaby’sface,sensessmallchangesinhisbodytemperature,whichisassociatedwithawareness.This,combinedwiththebaby’sfacialexpression,causestherobottoturnitsheadandguidethebaby’sattentiontoacomputerscreen.（当机器人的热摄像机(热力的)聚焦在婴儿的脸上，感知到婴儿体温的微小变化时，学习就开始了，这与意识有关。当婴儿的面部表情相结合时，机器人便会转过头，引导婴儿的注意力到电脑屏幕上。）”第四段举例提到“ifthebabypointstowardsthescreen,theavatarmightrespond,“Areyoupointingtome?”andfollowthatupwithafairytale,orsomenecessarysocialcommunication,allinsignlanguage.”（如果婴儿指向屏幕，虚拟形象可能会回应，“你是在指我吗?”，然后再讲一个童话故事，或者进行一些必要的社交交流，全部用手语。）由此判断，该系统可以使用手语和失聪宝宝进行交流和学习，对失聪宝宝是非常有益的。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。第四段提到“Forexample,ifthebabypointstowardsthescreen,theavatarmightrespond,“Areyoupointingtome?”andfollowthatupwithafairytale,orsomenecessarysocialcommunication,allinsignlanguage.The“conversation”continuesuntilthekidlosesinterest.（例如，如果婴儿指向屏幕，虚拟形象可能会回应，“你是在指我吗?，然后再讲一个童话故事，或者进行一些必要的社交交流，全部用手语。“谈话”一直持续到孩子失去兴趣为止。）”由此判断，该段在讲述语言学习机器人的工作原理。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。最后一段最后一句提到“Petittosaysnaturallanguage,whethercommunicatedthroughspeechorsign,startsthesamepartsofthebrainandbelievesthemovementprovesthebabiesarelearningthekeypartsofcommunication.（Petitto说，自然语言，无论是通过言语还是手势交流，都是从大脑的相同部位开始的，他第22页/共22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 认为这个动作证明婴儿正在学习交流的关键部分。）”由此判断，失聪宝宝通过语言学习系统也能激活语言学习时使用的大脑部位，让他们也能像正常人一样学习语言，是一种有效的语言学习方式。故选C。DToomuchtimespentongaming,smartphonesandwatchingtelevisionislinkedtoheightenedlevelsanddiagnoses(诊断)ofanxietyordepressioninchildrenasyoungasage2,accordingtoanewstudy.Evenafteronlyonehourofscreentimedaily,childrenandteensmaybegintohavelesscuriosity,lowerself-control,lessemotionalstabilityandagreaterinabilitytofinishtasks,reportsSanDiegoStateUniversitypsychologistJeanTwengeandUniversityofCeorgiapsychologyprofessorW.KeithCampbell.Theywereparticularlyinterestedinassociationsbetweenscreentimeanddiagnosesofanxietyanddepressioninyouth,whichhasnotyetbeenstudiedingreatdetail.TwengeandCampbellfoundadolescentswhospendmorethansevenhoursadayonscreensweretwiceaslikelyasthosespendingonehourtohavebeendiagnosedwithanxietyordepression.Overall,linksbetweenscreentimeandwell-beingwerelargeramongadolescentsthanamongyoungchildren.“Atfirst,Iwassurprisedthattheassociationswerelargerforadolescents,”Twengesaid.“However,adolescentsspendmoretimeontheirphonesandonsocialmedia,andtheseactivitiesaremorestronglylinkedtolowwell-beingthanwatchingtelevisionandvideos,whichismostofyoungerchildren’sscreentime.”ThestudyprovidesfurtherevidencethattheAmericanAcademyofPediatrics’(AAP)establishedscreentimelimits—onehourperdayforthoseaged2to5,withafocusonhigh-qualityprograms—arevalid(有效的),Twengesaid.Thestudyalsosuggeststhatsimilarlimits—perhapstotwohoursaday-shouldbeappliedtoschool-agedchildrenandadolescents,saidTwenge.Intermsofprevention,establishingpossiblecausesandoutcomesoflowpsychologicalwell-beingisespeciallyimportantforchildandadolescentpopulations.“Halfofmentalhealthproblemsdevelopbyadolescence,”TwengeandCampbellwroteintheirpaper.12.WhatdoweknowaboutTwengeandCampbell’sstudyaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Itrequiresfurtherresearch.B.Itbringschildrenlesscomfort.C.Itneedsgreaterabilitytofinish.D.Itgeneratesmorepublicconcern.13.Whatisareasonforthedifferentdegreesofimpactonchildren?A.Theeffectsoftheharmfulcontents.第22页/共22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 BTeens’strongeraddictiontoscreens.C.Theportabilityofelectronicdevices.D.Teens’negativeemotionsatdiscipline.14.WhichofthefollowingdotheresearcherswantAAPtodo?A.Providehigh-qualityprograms.B.Issueminimumscreentimelimits.C.Applythelimitstoolderchildren.D.Presentfurtherevidenceforprevention.15.Whatdoesthisstudyfocuson?A.Adolescents’mentalproblems.B.Thebadhabitsoftheyoungadults.C.Lowlevelofmentalhealthinyouth.D.Theimportanceoftheyoungpopulation.【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现结果，该研究表明，在游戏、智能手机和看电视上花费太多时间与儿童或青少年的焦虑或抑郁水平升高和诊断有关。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Theywereparticularlyinterestedinassociationsbetweenscreentimeanddiagnosesofanxietyanddepressioninyouth,whichhasnotyetbeenstudiedingreatdetail.(他们对屏幕使用时间与青少年焦虑和抑郁诊断之间的关系特别感兴趣，这一点尚未得到详细研究。)”可推断，Twenge和Campbell的研究还需要更进一步。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段““Atfirst,Iwassurprisedthattheassociationswerelargerforadolescents,”Twengesaid.“However,adolescentsspendmoretimeontheirphonesandonsocialmedia,andtheseactivitiesaremorestronglylinkedtolowwell-beingthanwatchingtelevisionandvideos,whichismostofyoungerchildren’sscreentime.”(“起初，我很惊讶这种联系在青少年中更大，”特温格说。“然而，青少年花在手机和社交媒体上的时间更多，这些活动与低幸福感的联系比看电视和视频更紧密，而电视和视频是年幼儿童的大部分屏幕时间。”)”可知，青少年对于屏幕的使用时间更长，所以影响更大。故选B。【14题详解】第22页/共22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“ThestudyprovidesfurtherevidencethattheAmericanAcademyofPediatrics’(AAP)establishedscreentimelimits—onehourperdayforthoseaged2to5,withafocusonhigh-qualityprograms—arevalid(有效的),Twengesaid.Thestudyalsosuggeststhatsimilarlimits—perhapstotwohoursaday-shouldbeappliedtoschool-agedchildrenandadolescents,saidTwenge.(Twenge说，这项研究进一步证明了美国儿科学会(AAP)制定的屏幕时间限制是有效的——2至5岁儿童每天一小时，重点是高质量的节目。Twenge说，这项研究还表明，学龄儿童和青少年也应该受到类似的限制，可能是每天两小时。)”可知，Twenge希望AAP能把这种限制用于年龄较大的儿童。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据全文内容以及最后一段“Intermsofprevention,establishingpossiblecausesandoutcomesoflowpsychologicalwell-beingisespeciallyimportantforchildandadolescentpopulations.“Halfofmentalhealthproblemsdevelopbyadolescence,”TwengeandCampbellwroteintheirpaper.(在预防方面，确定心理健康低下的可能原因和结果对儿童和青少年人群尤其重要。Twenge和Campbell在他们的论文中写道：“一半的心理健康问题是在青春期出现的。”)”可推断，他们的研究重点在青少年的心理健康方面。故选A。第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Socialactivitiesfortheelderlyarenecessarybecausetheyhelpinbringingaboutconsiderableimprovementintheiroverallwell-being.____16____Itmaybedifficultforthemtotakecareofanentiregarden,butanumberofsmallpottedindoorplantsarejustperfectforthem.____17____Aselderlypeoplecannotmovefreely,wheelchairdanceshavebecomeincreasinglypopular.Gatheragroupofsuchpeoplewhohaveinterestindance.Hireoneinstructorwhospecializesinteachingthistypeofdance.Besides,therearesomecreativeactivitiesfortheelderly,forexample,encouragingthemtomakeacollage(拼贴画)usingalltheirfamilyphotographsandmementos.Allofuslovetolookattheoldphotographs.____18____Theycanalsodecoratethecollageswithsmalldecorativeitemslikeleavesandconstructionpaper.Andtheycanjoinahobbyclasswhereallelderlypeoplewilllearnmusicandart.____19____Makethenecessaryarrangementsforthatparticularinstrumentsothatheorshecanplaythatinstrumentintheirleisuretime.Socialactivitiesfortheelderlyintheformofentertainmenthaveatherapeutic(治疗的)effectontheirmindandbody.Fishing,boating,playinggolf,etc,areenjoyedbytheelderlyastheycanbedonewithminimumphysicalmovements.____20____Andsomesportsequipmentshouldbechangedfortheconvenienceoftheelderly.A.Elderlypeoplearenoexceptiontothat.第22页/共22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 B.Danceiswhatpeopleofanyagecanenjoy.C.Theycanrecordtheirdanceinavideorecorder.D.Indoors,therearevideogameswithadaptivecontrols.E.Thebasicaimistoimproveelderlypeople’sflexibility.F.Somemayhavetheskillstoplaythepiano,forexample.G.Gardeningisatypicalonethatelderlypeopleenjoyalot.【答案】16.G17.B18.A19.F20.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本篇主要推荐了一些适合老年人做的社交活动，这些活动大多运动量不大，有益老年人的身心健康。【16题详解】根据下文“Itmaybedifficultforthemtotakecareofanentiregarden,butanumberofsmallpottedindoorplantsarejustperfectforthem.(他们可能很难照顾整个花园，但一些小型盆栽室内植物正适合他们)”可知，照顾整个花园对老人来说可能太过困难。由此推知，上文提到了老人照顾花园的工作。G项“园艺是老年人非常喜欢的一种典型活动”符合文意，gardening呼应下文的garden。故选G。【17题详解】空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“Aselderlypeoplecannotmovefreely,wheelchairdanceshavebecomeincreasinglypopular.Gatheragroupofsuchpeoplewhohaveinterestindance.(由于老年人不能自由活动，轮椅舞变得越来越流行。聚集一群对舞蹈感兴趣的人)”可知，本段建议老人通过跳舞进行社交。B项“舞蹈是所有年龄段的人都可以做的”符合本段主旨。故选B。【18题详解】根据上文“Allofuslovetolookattheoldphotographs.(我们所有人都喜欢看那些旧照片)”可知，所有人都喜欢老照片。由此推知，老人也不例外。A项“老人也不例外”符合文意。故选A。【19题详解】根据上文“Andtheycanjoinahobbyclasswhereallelderlypeoplewilllearnmusicandart.(他们还可以参加一个业余班，所有老年人都可以在那里学习音乐和艺术)”可知，本段在讲老年人可以做一些艺术、音乐活动。F项“例如，有些人可能有弹钢琴的技能”符合本段主旨，弹钢琴属于音乐和艺术的范畴。故选F。【20题详解】根据上文“Fishing,boating,playinggolf,etc,areenjoyedbytheelderlyastheycanbedonewithminimumphysicalmovements.(老年人喜欢钓鱼、划船、打高尔夫球等，因为他们可以用最少的体力活动)”可知，上文提到了一些老人可以参与的户外活动。由此推知，空处陈述他们可以参与的一些室内活动。D项“第22页/共22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 在室内，有带有自适应控制的视频游戏”符合文意。故选D。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ThisisthestoryofMoyo,arescuedelephantinZimbabweElephantNursery,alocalnon-governmentalorganizationcalledWildIsLife.Sheisprobablyoneofthe___21___elephantcubsevertoberescued.Shecametothenurserywhenshewasaboutthreetofour___22___old.Sheweighed56kilos,and___23___ajust-bornAfricanelephantcubweighsabout90kilos.Soshewasaspecialiconiclittleelephant.Undergoodcareofthestaffthere,shemanagedto___24___.EveryyearhundredsofyoungelephantsareorphanedacrosstheAfricancontinentandrarelyhaveachanceof___25___inthewildandaremoreoftenthannot,lefttodie.“Werescuebabies,andweprovide___26___forthem.Wemakesuretheyareingood___27___here,andhelpthemregaintheir___28___neededinthewild.Wearetryingtocreateaculturewherepeople___29___,”said,RoxyDanckwerts,thefounderofWildIsLife.Moyoisaboutfourandahalfyearsoldpow.Sheishealthy,playful,andhasbecomesomekindofambassadortothenursery.Therefore,shehastotakeonalotof____30____forsuchayounganimalalmostbecomingaleaderattheveryyoungage.Sheisgentle,calm,andvery____31____totheotherelephantsthatcomeintothenursery.Sheisalsoverygoodwithpeople.Butunfortunately,they’renotmuchmorethanobjectsofmoneyintheeyesofivory(象牙)dealers.Zimbabwehasa____32____elephant-huntingproblem.Someregionsare____33____asmuchas75Percentoftheelephantpopulationoverthepast10years.ThatiswhyDanckwertsfeelsexcitedatChina’sdecisionto____34____illegalivorysales,whichhebelieveshasbecomeamajorturningpointandasignaltotheworldthatChinahasmadea____35____.21.A.cleverestB.worstC.eagerestD.smallest22.A.daysB.monthsC.weeksD.years23.A.normallyB.officiallyC.strictlyD.unusually24.A.setoutB.jumpupC.getawayD.pullthrough25.A.escapeB.survivalC.freedomD.extinction26.A.shelterB.serviceC.adviceD.wealth27.A.eyesB.legsC.armsD.hands28.A.habitatsB.partnersC.skillsD.parents29.A.tourB.careC.wanderD.study第22页/共22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 30.A.riskB.responsibilityC.workD.discussion31.A.friendlyB.well-knownC.superiorD.strange32.A.simpleB.seriousC.tinyD.random33.A.gainingB.supportingC.losingD.controlling34.A.allowB.promoteC.reduceD.ban35.A.mistakeB.dealC.livingD.move【答案】21.D22.A23.A24.D25.B26.A27.D28.C29.B30.B31.A32.B33.C34.D35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了津巴布韦大象保育中心获救的大象莫约的故事，该保育中心是当地非政府组织，救助并且帮助了一些野生大象。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她可能是迄今为止获救的最小的象崽之一。A.cleverest最聪明的；B.worst最坏的；C.eagerest最热切的；D.smallest最小的。根据下文“Shecametothenurserywhenshewasaboutthreetofour2old.Sheweighed56kilos,and3ajust-bornAfricanelephantcubweighsabout90kilos.”推知，Moyo是获救的最小的象崽之一。故选D。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她来育婴室的时候才三到四天大。A.days天；B.months月；C.weeks周；D.years年。根据后文“Sheweighed56kilos,and3ajust-bornAfricanelephantcubweighsabout90kilos.”推知，Moyo在被送往救助中心时应是3、4天大。故选A。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：它重56公斤，通常，刚出生的非洲象幼崽重约90公斤。A.normally通常；B.officially官方地；C.strictly严格地；D.unusually不寻常地。根据“ajust-bornAfricanelephantcubweighsabout90kilos.”并结合常识可知，通常刚出生的小象大约90公斤。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在工作人员的精心照顾下，她终于恢复了健康。A.setdown记下；B.jumpup突然站起来；C.getaway离开；D.pullthrough恢复健康。根据上文“ThisisthestoryofMoyo,arescuedelephantinZimbabweElephantNursery”和此处“Undergoodcareofthestaffthere”可知，Moyo经过救助，最终获得了健康。故选D。【25题详解】第22页/共22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 考查名词词义辨析。句意：非洲大陆每年都有数百头小象成为孤儿，它们在野外很少有生存的机会，更多的是被遗弃而死。A.escape逃脱；B.survival存活；C.freedom自由；D.extinction灭绝。过呢据下文“moreoftenthannot,lefttodie.”可知，小象在野外生存的机会很小。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们拯救幼崽并且给它们提供庇护。A.shelter庇护；B.service服务；C.advice建议；D.wealth财富。根据上文“ThisisthestoryofMoyo,arescuedelephantinZimbabweElephantNursery,alocalnon-governmentalorganizationcalledWildIsLife.”可知，这是一个动物保护救助组织，该组织在救助了大象幼崽后会给它们提供庇护所。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们确保他们在这里得到很好的照顾，并帮助他们重新获得野外所需的技能。A.eyes眼睛；B.legs腿；C.arms手臂；D.hands手。结合句意可知，此处考查固定短语ingoodhands“照顾的很好”，指员工很好地照顾救助的大象。故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们确保他们在这里得到很好的照顾，并帮助他们重新获得野外所需的技能。A.habitats栖息地；B.partners伴侣；C.skills技能；D.parents父母。根据后文“neededinthewild”可知，此处指帮助被救助大象获得在野外生存的技能。故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们正在努力创造一种人们关心的文化。A.tour旅行；B.care关心；C.wander漫步；D.study学习。根据上文“Werescuebabies,andweprovideshelterforthem.Wemakesuretheyareingoodhandshere”可知，该动物保护组织致力于帮助动物，并且希望能创造一个大家都能关心动物的文化。故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，她为很多这么小的动物承担很多责任，几乎在很小的时候就成为了领导者。A.risk风险；B.responsibility责任；C.work工作；D.discussion讨论。根据下文“almostbecomingaleaderattheveryyoungage.”推知，成为领导者就要承担相应的责任。故选B。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她温柔、平静，对进入保育室的其他大象非常友好。A.friendly友好的；B.well-known著名的；C.superior优越的；D.strange强壮的。根据“Sheisgentle,calm”和后文提到“Sheisalsoverygoodwithpeople.”推知，Moyo对保育室的其他大象非常友好。故选A。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：津巴布韦有严重的大象狩猎问题。A.simple简单的；B.serious严重的；C.tiny极小的；D.random随机的。根据上文“Butunfortunately,they’renotmuchmorethanobjectsofmoneyintheeyes第22页/共22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ofivorydealers.”可知，在津巴布韦被猎杀的大象数量很多，有着非常严重的大象狩猎问题。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去10年里，一些地区的大象数量减少了75%。A.gaining获得；B.supporting支持；C.losing减少；D.controlling控制。根据上文“Zimbabwehasa12elephant-huntingproblem.”可知，因为严重的大象狩猎问题，一些地区大象的数量减少。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么Danckwerts对中国禁止非法象牙销售的决定感到兴奋，他认为这已成为一个重大转折点，并向世界发出了中国已经采取行动的信号。A.allow允许；B.promote提升；C.reduce减少；D.ban禁止。根据“Danckwertsfeelsexcited”推知，中国禁止非法象牙销售的决定让Danckwerts感到非常兴奋。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么Danckwerts对中国禁止非法象牙销售的决定感到兴奋，他认为这已成为一个重大转折点，并向世界发出了中国已经采取行动的信号。A.mistake错误；B.deal交易；C.living生计；D.move行动。根据上文“ThatiswhyDanckwertsfeelsexcitedatChina’sdecisionto__14__illegalivorysales”推知，中国已经采取行动。此处为固定短语makeamove，意为“开始行动”。故选D。第Ⅱ卷(非选择题部分)第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Manypeopleare____36____(confuse)aboutthemeaningofthenames:theUnitedKingdom,GreatBritain,BritainandEngland.____37____(solve)thispuzzle,itisnecessaryforpeopletoknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistory.Inthe16thcentury,thenearbycountryofWales____38____(join)totheKingdomofEngland,followedbythecountryScotlandinthe18thcentury.Inthe19thcentury,theKingdomofIrelandwasaddedtocreatetheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.Finally,inthe20thcentury,the____39____(south)partofIrelandbrokeaway____40____theUK,resultinginthefullnamewehavetoday:“theUnitedKingdom”or“theUK”.PeoplefromtheUKarecalled“British”,____41____meanstheUKisalsooftenreferredtoasBritainorGreatBritain.Eventhoughthefourcountries____42____(belong)totheUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas,suchasusingthesameflag,sharingthesamecurrencyandmilitary____43____(defend),theyalsohavesomedifferences.Anyhow,theUnitedKingdomhas____44____longandinterestinghistorytoexplore,whichcanhelpyouunderstandmuchmoreaboutthecountryand____45____(it)traditions.【答案】36.confused37.Tosolve第22页/共22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 38.wasjoined39.southern40.from41.which42.belonging43.defence##defense44.a45.its【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国形成的过程和发展历史。【36题详解】考查形容词。句意：许多人对这些名字的含义感到困惑：英国、大不列颠、英国和英格兰。作表语，表示“困惑的”应填修饰人的形容词confused，beconfusedabout“对……感到困惑”是固定短语。故填confused。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了解决这个难题，人们有必要了解一点英国历史。空处应填不定式作目的状语，位于句首的单词，首字母应大写。故填Tosolve。【38题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：6世纪，附近的威尔士加入了英格兰王国，18世纪又加入了苏格兰。空处为句子谓语动词，陈述过去的事情，且主语thenearbycountryofWales和join之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，故填wasjoined。【39题详解】考查形容词。句意：最后，在20世纪，爱尔兰南部脱离了英国，形成了今天的全名：“联合王国”或“英国”。修饰名词词组partofIreland，应用形容词southern“南方的”作定语。故填southern。【40题详解】考查介词。句意同上。结合句意表达“脱离……，从……挣脱”用breakawayfrom。故填from。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：来自英国的人被称为“英国人”，这意味着英国也经常被称为英国或大不列颠。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句内容，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管属于联合王国的四个国家在某些领域合作，例如使用相同的国旗、共享相同的货币和军事防御，但它们也存在一些不同。分析可知，空处作后置定语，应填非谓语动词，逻辑主语countries和belongto之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填belonging。第22页/共22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【43题详解】考查名词。句意同上。空处应填名词作宾语，结合句意表示“军事防御”用militarydefence/defense。故填defence/defense。【44题详解】考查冠词。句意：无论如何，英国有着悠久而有趣的历史可供探索，这可以帮助你更多地了解这个国家及其传统。history“历史”在此处是可数名词，a/an...history“一个……的历史”是常用表达，long的发音是辅音音素开头，故填a。【45题详解】考查代词。句意同上。修饰名词traditions应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)66.第一节应用文写作(满分15分)46.假如你叫李华，你的英国朋友John今年暑假将来中国旅游。写信请你给他推荐一座城市旅游，请根据以下要点给他回信。1.简要介绍推荐的城市；2.推荐这座城市的理由；3.期待他的来访。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯。DearJohn,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua【答案】DearJohn,Howisitgoing?I’mverygladtoknowthatyouaregoingtovisitChinaduringyoursummerholiday.Sinceyouhaven’tdecidedwhichcitytogo,I’dliketogiveyousomeadvice.IsincerelyhopethatyoucanpayavisittomyhometownXi’anfirst.Xi’anisthecapitalofShanxiProvinceandalsothepolitical,economicandculturalcenteroftheNorthwestChina.Xi’anisalsoaworld-famoustouristcity,andatreasurehouseofculturalrelics.Besidesallthosereasonsmentionedabove,youwilltastealotofdeliciousChinese第22页/共22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 foodaswell.WhenyouarriveinXi’an,Iwillbeyourtourguide.Trustmeyou’llhaveawonderfultimeinXi’an,China.I’mlookingforwardtoyourcoming.Yourssincerely,LiHua【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给即将来中国旅行的好友John写一封回信，给他推荐一座城市，并简单介绍该城市。【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的：glad→delighted决定：decide→determine建议：advice→suggestion美味的：delicious→tasty2.句型拓展合并句子原句：IsincerelyhopethatyoucanpayavisittomyhometownXi’anfirst.Xi’anisthecapitalofShanxiProvinceandalsothepolitical,economicandculturalcenteroftheNorthwestChina.拓展句：IsincerelyhopethatyoucanpayavisittomyhometownXi’anfirst,whichisthecapitalofShanxiProvinceandalsothepolitical,economicandculturalcenteroftheNorthwestChina.【点睛】[高分句型1]I’mverygladtoknowthatyouaregoingtovisitChinaduringyoursummerholiday.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)[高分句型2]WhenyouarriveinXi’an,Iwillbeyourtourguide.(运用了when引导是时间状语从句)67.第二节读后续写(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Thewinterof1820wasacoldonefortheLincolns.Itsnowednearlyeverydayandthesnowwashigharoundtheirlittlefarmhouse.Abewasjustaboy,buthehadtohelphisfatherTomaroundthefarm.Helookedafterthehouse,milkedthecowandpreparedthedinner.Itwashardwork,andtherewasn’tmuchfunforhimandhisbrothersandsisters.Abelikedreading,buttherewasnobookthere.Abewasnothappy.Hewassadmostofthetimeandseldomtalkedorsmiled.第22页/共22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Mrs.Lincoln,Abe’sstepmother,reallylovedtheboy.Shenoticedtheboy’ssilenceandwasconcernedabouthim.ShetriedtothinkofwaystomakeAbehappy.OnedayMrs.Lincolngotupearlyinthemorning.Shetookallthepenniesfromasmallbox.“I’mgoingtotowntomorrow,”shesaid.“Youaregoingtotown?”Tomasked.Hewassurprised.“That’salongway.Yousee,thesnowisthick.Whatareyougoingtodointown?Can’tyoumakeitanotherdaywhenthesnowstops?”“It’sasurprise.AndImustgotheretomorrow!”shesaidwithadeterminedvoice.“DoyouwantAbeormetogowithyou?”Tomaskedhiswifethenextday.“No,don’tworry,honey!I’llbeallright,”shesaidandwentoutofthehouse.Walkinginthesnowwasdifficult.IttookMrs.Lincolnalongtimetogettotown.Sheboughtsomethingintownandwrappeditcarefully.Thenshestartedback.注意：续写词数应为150左右Itwaslateintheeveningwhenshegothome____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Abe’seyesbecameverywide.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】OnepossibleanswerItwaslateintheeveningwhenshegothome.Thewholefamilywaswaitingforher.Itwasstillsnowinghardoutside.Seeingthewhitefrostonhisstepmother’sface,littleAbetookaclothandhelpedtowipeitoffgently.DinnerwasreadyandAbe’sbrothersandsisterswenttolaythetable.ButMrs.Lincolnwasnotinahurry.第22页/共22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Shecarefullytookoutapackagefromherbagandstartedtounwrapit.Abe’seyesbecameverywide.Hefixedhiseyesuponthepackageandwatchedeagerly.AsMrs.Lincolntorethepackageopen,abooksuddenlycameintosight.LittleAbecouldn’thelpcryingoutinjoy!Herantogetitandfounditwasanoldstorybook.Hecouldn’twaitonemoreminuteandbegantoreadit.Soon,hewassoabsorbedinreadingthebookthathetotallyforgotthemealonthetable.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Abe是一个喜爱阅读的小男孩，但是他不得不在农场上帮父亲做事，并且没有书读，他感到很不开心。Abe的继母注意到了这些，冒着风雪出去给他买了一本书回来。Abe非常高兴。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“她到家时已经很晚了。”可知，第一段可描写全家人都在等待继母，继母给Abe带回了一个包裹。②由第二段首句内容“Abe的眼睛睁得大大的。”可知，第二段可描写继母给Abe带回来的是一本书，Abe非常高兴。2.续写线索：等待——体贴——吃饭——拆包裹——送书——激动——读书3.词汇激活行为类①帮助：help/assist②打开：unwrap/unfold③发现：find/discover情绪类①渴望地：eagerly/longingly②快乐：joy/happiness【点睛】[高分句型1]Seeingthewhitefrostonhisstepmother’sface,littleAbetookaclothandhelpedtowipeitoffgently.(运用了现在分词作状语)[高分句型2]Soon,hewassoabsorbedinreadingthebookthathetotallyforgotthemealonthetable.(运用了“so...that...”固定句式)听力答案：1-5ACCBC6-10ACCAA11-15CABCA16-20BCBCA第22页/共22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司