山西省省际名校2023届高三英语下学期2月联考一（启航卷）试题（Word版附解析）

英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在试卷和答题卡指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案用0.5mm黑色笔迹签字笔写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.₤19.15.B.₤9.18.C.₤9.15.答案C。1.Whomightthemanbe?A.Astudent.B.Asalesman.C.Awriter.2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Akindofpills.B.Thewoman’splan.C.Molly’scondition.3.Howwillthewomangetbackfromtherailwaystation?A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bytrain.4.WhattimedoesthewomanthinkDr.Whitewillreturn?A.Atabout3:00pm.B.Atabout3:10pm.C.Atabout3:50pm.5.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Playtennis.B.Waitforher.C.Dohishomework.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后， 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Inabookshop.C.Intheoffice.7.Howmanybooksdidthemanfinallytakeaway?A.One.B.Three.C.Four.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whattickethasthemanbought?A.Firstclass.B.Secondclass.C.Businessclass.9.Whatisfreeonthetrain?A.Thecoffee.B.Themeal.C.Thesnack.10.Whenshouldthemanreachthetrainstationatthelatest?A.At8:30am.B.At9:00am.C.At9:30am.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatistheman?A.Anewswriter.B.Astoreowner.C.Acompanysecretary.12.Whatisthewomangoingtodofirst?A.Maketheguestlist.B.Calltheguests.C.Tidyupthemess.13.Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A.Confused.B.Annoyed.C.Anxious.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WheredidthefirstHardRockCafeopen?A.InFlorida.B.InLondon.C.InSanFrancisco.15.Whathappenedin1982?A.Thefirstcafewasfounded.B.TheheadquartersmovedtoFlorida.C.TheHardRockCafechainwasworldwide.16.Howmanylocationsdoesthecafehavearoundtheworld?A.59.B.171.C.191.17.Whenwillthespeakersprobablyvisitthecafe?A.Tomorrow.B.Thisweekend.C.Nextweek. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whereistheparklocated?A.Ontheplain.B.Inthedesert.C.Inthecitycentre.19.Whatisthethirdtipabout?A.Carryingplentyofwater.B.Hikingwithapartnerforsafety.C.Havingtherightclothingandshoes.20.Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthetext?A.Acellphone.B.Acompass.C.Aflashlight.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分60分)第一节(共15个小题;每小题3分，共45分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhenyouboardtheferry(渡船)toBaldHeadIsland,youleaveyourcarbehind,alongwiththestressofthemainlandworld.Bequicktoreserveyourstayontheisland!·ThingsToDoWalkWiththeSeaTurtlesWhatisattractive:Achancetoexperiencescoresofloggerheadseaturtlesreturningtolaytheireggseachsummer.Auniqueadventure:Anest“boil”watch—thesandabovetheeggsmovesasthebabyturtlesdigtheirwayout.RideaBikeWhatisattractive:Eitheraneasyrideforbeginnersorover15milesofroadwayforexperiencedcycliststogettheirfill.Bikerentalsbythehour,dayorweekareavailableontheisland.Doremember:Alwayswearahelmet,andbesuretoputyourbiketotherightsideoftheroadtoallowtrams(有轨电车)topass.ExploretheBeachesWhatisattractive:14milesofunspoiledbeachesbegyoutobuildsandcastles,swimorjustrelax. Specialfeatures:SouthBeach-longstretchesofcalmerwaters,perfectforspendingqualitytimetogether.EastBeach—idealforsurfing.●Round-tripFerryTickets$23.00foradults$12.00forchildrenages3-12NochargeforchildrenagestwoandyoungerAnadditionalpersonalsafetyinsuranceforferrycosting$2perpersonisnecessaryforeveryoneonboard.1.WhatisaspecialexperienceaboutWalkWiththeSeaTurtles?A.Keepingthenestfromboiling.B.Viewingthehatchingprocess.C.Spendingqualitytimetogether.D.Helpingturtlestodigthesand.2.Whatshouldtravelersremembertodowhilecycling?A.Findalocalinstructor.B.Chooseaneasyroadway.C.Buyasafehelmet.D.Pullovercorrectly.3.Howmuchwouldacouplewitha2-year-oldchildpayforferry?A.$23.B.$46.C.$52.D.$64.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了乘船去BaldHead岛游玩的一些情况，包括一些游玩项目和费用。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据ThingsToDo第一栏WalkWiththeSeaTurtles(与海龟同行)中的“Auniqueadventure:Anest“boil”watch—thesandabovetheeggsmovesasthebabyturtlesdigtheirwayout.(独一无二的冒险：一个“煮沸”的巢观察——当小海龟挖出一条出路时，蛋上方的沙子在移动。)”可知，WalkWiththeSeaTurtles这次经历的独特之处在于可以观看海龟的孵化过程。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据ThingsToDo第二栏RideaBike(骑自行车)中的“Doremember:Alwayswearahelmet,andbesuretoputyourbiketotherightsideoftheroadtoallowtrams(有轨电车)topass.(一定要记住：一定要戴头盔，一定要把你的自行车放在路的右边，让有轨电车通过。)”可知，当游客骑自行车时应该记住要正确停放自行车，故选D。 【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Round-tripFerryTickets部分中的“$23.00foradults;$12.00forchildrenages3-12;Nochargeforchildrenagestwoandyounger;Anadditionalpersonalsafetyinsuranceforferrycosting$2perpersonisnecessaryforeveryoneonboard.(成人$23.00；3-12岁儿童$12.00；2岁及以下儿童免费；渡轮人身安全保险每人额外收费$2。)”可知，一对夫妇和一个2岁以下的孩子去渡轮需要花费：23*2+2*3=52美元，故选C。BBabydeer,alsoknownasfawns,arebornwithwhitespotsontheirbody,especiallyinthefirstfewweeksoftheirlifewhentheyareincapableofmoving.Basically,fawnswithspotsmanagedtosurvivemorethanfawnswithoutspots.Thisgenehasbecomedominant,andnow,mostfawnsarebornwithspots.Theirmothergenerallyhidestheyoungbabiesindeepbushes,highgrasslands,orunderplantsinthewoods.Thewhitespotsontheirreddish-brownbodyfurallowthemtomixeasilywiththeforestsurroundingsanddon’tmakethemtostandout,avoidingthemfromgettingdiscernedeasily.Morethanthecolor,thepatternofthesespotsonthebabydeer’sbodyisalsoofmoreimportance.Thisisbecausethemajorityoftheanimalspecies,particularlythoselivingoutinthewilddon’thaveagreatcolorvision,especiallywhencomparedtohumans.Thepatternofthewhitespotsonthefawnshelpsthemtohideamongthetallgrassandbushesandpreventsthemfromeasilygettingspottedfromadistance.Thesunenterdeepintotheforest,throughthebranchesandleavesoftalltrees,andcreatesapatternofdarkerandlighterzonesontheforestground,muchlikespotsonafawn.Moreover,theydon’tbearanykindofsmellduringthisphaseoftheirlifewhichfurtherhelpstheminavoidingdetection.Alongwiththis,theyhavegotastrongsensetoobservethepresenceofhuntersnearby,afterwhichtheycanlowertheirheartbeat.Thisfurtherhelpsthemtohideandbeperfectlystill.Undoubtedly,spotsonthefawn’sbodyareamethodofprotectiontofawns.Oncetheysurvivetheinitialfewweeksinthisworld,theybecomecapableofmovingaroundontheirownandhencedon’trequiretheextralayerofsafety,thewhitespotsstarttofadefromtheirbody.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discerned”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Polluted.B.Rescued.C.Detected.D.Revealed.5.Whyisthepatternofspotssoimportant?A.Becauseithelpsthedefenselessfawnsstaysafe.B.Becauseithelpswildlifeimprovetheircolorsense. C.Becauseitallowsthesunlighttogetthroughforest.D.Becauseitprohibitsfawnshidinginthebushygrass.6.Howdoesthepassagemainlydevelop?A.Bygivingdifferentkindsofexamples.B.Bydescribingthechangesinspaceorder.C.Bypointingoutsimilaritiesanddifferences.D.Byshowingfactsandexplainingreasons.7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.WhendoBabyDeerLoseWhiteSpots?B.WhydoBabyDeerHaveWhiteSpots?C.HowdoMotherDeerFindTheirFawns?D.HowdoMotherDeerProtectBabyDeer?【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.B【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。长有白色斑点的小鹿比没有斑点的小鹿活得更久，现在小鹿出生时都有白色斑点，这些斑点使小鹿与周围环境混合，避免他们被敌人发现，直到他们能自己移动，白色的斑点才会消失。文章介绍并分析了小鹿能安全度过刚出生的几个星期的身体特征。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Thewhitespotsontheirreddish-brownbodyfurallowthemtomixeasilywiththeforestsurroundingsanddon’tmakethemtostandout,avoidingthemfromgettingdiscernedeasily.(红褐色身体皮毛上的白色斑点使它们很容易与森林环境混在一起，不会让它们显得很突出，避免它们轻易被discerned。)”可知，小鹿的红褐色身体皮毛上的白色斑点，是一种保护色，使小鹿能在森林环境中不被发现，discerned意思为“看出，觉察出”，与Detected(查明，察觉)意思相近。故选C项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Thepatternofthewhitespotsonthefawnshelpsthemtohideamongthetallgrassandbushesandpreventsthemfromeasilygettingspottedfromadistance.Thesunenterdeepintotheforest,throughthebranchesandleavesoftalltrees,andcreatesapatternofdarkerandlighterzonesontheforestground,muchlikespotsonafawn.(小鹿身上白色斑点的图案有助于它们隐藏在高大的草地和灌木丛中，防止它们从远处被发现。阳光透过高大树木的枝叶，进入森林深处，在森林地面上形成了一种暗亮相间的图案，就像小鹿身上的斑点一样。)”可知，阳光透过树叶在森林地面形成的暗亮相间的图案，与刚出生不久的小鹿身上的斑点图案一样，使小鹿能融入环境中，不被敌人发现，起到了保护小鹿的作用。故选A项。 【6题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，文章解释了刚出生几周，还不会移动的小鹿如何安全躲过敌人，其中，身上的白色斑点、斑点的图案，以及它的体味、心跳特点都是保护小鹿安全的方法，直到他们能自己移动，白色的斑点才会消失。文章罗列了以上原因，并进行了分析。这篇文章主要是通过展示事实和说明原因来展开，故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第一段“Babydeer,alsoknownasfawns,arebornwithwhitespotsontheirbody,especiallyinthefirstfewweeksoftheirlifewhentheyareIncapableofmoving.Basically,fawnswithspotsmanagedtosurvivemorethanfawnswithoutspots.Thisgenehasbecomedominant,andnow,mostfawnsarebornwithspots.(小鹿，也被称为幼鹿，出生时身上有白点，尤其是在它们无法移动的最初几周。基本上，有斑点的小鹿比没有斑点的小鹿更能生存。这个基因已经成为主导，现在，大多数小鹿天生就有斑点。)”可知，本文主要介绍为了更好的生存，现在新出生的小鹿身上都有白色的斑点，文章对此进行了解释。B项“WhydoBabyDeerHaveWhiteSpots?(为什么小鹿会有白斑？)”为标题，比较贴切。故选B项。CChina’sfirstdomestically-developedpassengerjet,C919,wasdeliveredtoChinaEasternAirlinesinShanghaiinlate2022.Theplane,developedbytheCommercialAircraftCorporationofChina(COMAC),wasissuedacertificateofairworthinessbythecountry’saviation(航空)regulator,theCivilAviationAdministrationofChina.ItscertificationsignifiesthatChinahastheabilitytoindependentlydevelopworld-classlargepassengeraircraft,andmarksanimportantmilestoneforthecountry’slargeaircraftindustry.Americanaerospacemanufacturer(制造商)BoeingandFrance-basedAirbushavelongdominatedthecommercialaircraftmarket.TheC919,aspartofChina’sgoaltodevelophomemadecivilplanes,istryingtocompetewithmedium-rangepassengerplanesfromthetwoglobalgiants.TheC919narrow-bodyjetisChina’sfirsttrunkjetlinerdevelopedinaccordancewithinternationalstandardsofairworthinessandwithindependentintellectualpropertyrights.Ithasawingspanofnearly36meters,alengthofabout39metersandatailheightofaround12meters.Thesingle-aisleplanehas158to192seats.About60percentoftheplanesintheglobalcivilplaneindustry,and80percentoftheplanesontheChinesemarket,belongtothiscategoryintermsofthenumberofseats.Itsaerodynamically-designedwingsmadefromadvancedmetalsandcompositeshelpimprovefuelefficiencywhilereducingnoiseinthecabin.Itscockpit(驾驶舱),withthelatestnavigationtechnologyandtheso-called“flybywire”computercontrols,makestheC919competitivewithothernarrow-bodyjets.Narrow-bodyaircraftwith150to200seatshavebeenthemostwidelyusedplanesintheglobalcivilaviation market,andtheC919wasdesignedanddevelopedtomeetthehugemarketdemandforthistypeofplanes.COMACsaidthecompanyisalsopreparingforgaininganairworthinesscertificatefromtheEuropeanAviationSafetyAgency,aimingfortheglobalmarket.AndiftheC919couldproveit’ssafe,reliableandfuel-efficientincommercialoperations,andhasacompetitiveprice,itwillofcoursebewelcomedbytheglobalmarket.8.WhatdoestheC919’scertificationmean?A.ChineseaircraftmanufacturinghasuperiortoAmerican.B.TheC919isthebest-equippedcommercialaircraftintheworld.C.Chinahastheabilitytodevelopmedium-rangepassengerplanes.D.TheC919setsthestageforanewcompetitionwithBoeingandAirbus.9.WhichaspectoftheC919ismentionedinthetext?A.Designprinciple.B.Lengthoftheflight.C.Capacityofpassengers.D.Manufacturingprocess.10.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Todrawpeople’sspecialattentiontotheC919.B.ToprospecthugemarketpotentialoftheC919.C.TocomparetheC919withotherforeignplanes.D.TocelebratetheC919’ssuccessofitscertification.11.Whatisthetext?A.Anewsreport.B.Asciencereview.C.Aresearchpaper.D.Anexperimentreport.【答案】8D9.C10.B11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国商用飞机有限责任公司研制的第一架国产C919大型客机获得了中国民用航空局颁发的型号证书。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“TheC919,aspartofChina’sgoaltodevelophomemadecivilplanes,istryingtocompetewithmedium-rangepassengerplanesfromthetwoglobalgiants.(C919，作为中国发展国产民用飞机目标的一部分，正试图与两大全球巨头的中程客机竞争。)”可知，C919的认证意味着C919为与波音和空客的新竞争奠定了基础。故选D项。【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Narrow-bodyaircraftwith150to200seatshavebeenthemostwidelyusedplanesintheglobalcivilaviationmarket,andtheC919wasdesignedanddevelopedtomeetthehugemarketdemandforthistypeofplanes.(150-200座的窄体飞机一直是全球民航市场上应用最广泛的飞机，C919正是为了满足市场对这类飞机的巨大需求而设计和开发的)”可知，文章中提到了C919的乘客容量。故选C项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“COMACsaidthecompanyisalsopreparingforgaininganairworthinesscertificatefromtheEuropeanAviationSafetyAgency,aimingfortheglobalmarket.AndiftheC919couldproveit’ssafe,reliableandfuel-efficientincommercialoperations,andhasacompetitiveprice,itwillofcoursebewelcomedbytheglobalmarket.(中国商飞表示，该公司还在准备获得欧洲航空安全局的适航证，目标是全球市场。如果C919能够在商业运营中证明其安全、可靠、省油、价格有竞争力，它当然会受到全球市场的欢迎)”可推知，最后一段的目的是展望C919巨大的市场潜力。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了中国商用飞机有限责任公司研制的第一架国产C919大型客机获得了中国民用航空局颁发的型号证书，并展望了它的前景。由此推知，本文应该是一篇新闻报道。故选A项。DMathandmusicaretwoentirelydifferentfieldsofstudy,butthereisastrongrelevancebetweenthem.Atsomepoint,theytendtooverlap,anditiscommonforpeoplegoodatmathtobegoodatmusic.Itmayseemillogicaltocomparethetwo,buttherearemoresimilaritiesbetweenmathandmusicthanyouwouldimagine.Numberscantellusmoreaboutmusic.Soundsstrangebutit’strue.Musicisdividedintosectionsthatarecalledmeasures,whereeachmeasurehasequalamountsofbeats.Thisiscomparabletomathematicaldivisionsoftime.Now,eachpieceofmusicwilltellushowmanybeatsthereareineachmeasure.Allthemusicnoteshavenumericalconnectionsandanumberofbeats.Itisimportanttounderstandthevalueoffractions(分数)andnotestocountthemusiccorrectly.Thebiggestsimilaritybetweenmathandmusicinpattern.Forexample,musichasrepeatingchoruseswhilemathusespatternstoexplaintheunknown.Youcanusedifferentmathematicalphenomenainmusic.Theseincludegeometry(几何学),signalprocessing,etc.Infact,researchhasshownthatwhenmusicshowssomemathematicalstructure,ittendstobemorepopular.Inadditiontotheirsharedelements,mathandmusiccanbetaughtusingtheprinciplesofboth.Astudentwhoenjoysmathandmusiccanbenefitfromboth.Forexample,musiccanenhancecognitionandreasoningskills.For instance,Einsteinlistenedtomusicwhensolvingmathproblemstoincreaseclarity.Similarly,playingmusiccanimprovecognition,asitincreasescommunicationbetweenthetwobrains.Musicisagatewaytomanythingsanduntilnow,youprobablydidn’trealizethatit’sjustasdemanding,analytical,logicalandscientificasmath.Somethingassimpleaslearning“MaryHadaLittleLamb”onthepianoisactuallysettingyourchildupforbiggerandbetterthings;maybethey’llpickupPythagoras(毕达哥拉斯)inaflash,maybethey’llbeageniusinmath,perhapsthey’llonedaydiscovertheirowntheoryofrelativity.12.Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutmathandmusic?A.Mathandmusicaredeeplyintertwined.B.Musicisatotallydifferentsubjectfrommath.C.Itsoundsreasonabletocomparemathandmusic.D.Peopleexpertatmathalltendtobemusiclovers.13.What’smainlyabouttheparagraph2?A.Measureisapieceofmusic.B.Mathhelpsinreadingmusic.C.Musicsoundappearsstrange.D.Musicbeatsequaltomathnumbers.14.Whatstatementwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Patternsarecommoninbothmathandmusic.B.Certainmusicskillsarepractisedviachoruses.C.Musicprincipleseemseasierthanmathematics.D.Reasoningskillsinmathchieflyrelyonmusic.15.Whatmessagedoesthelastparagraphconvey?A.Musicalinvolvementpromotestobeagenius.B.Musicallowskidstocombinemathwithpiano.C.Musicofferskidspotentialsuccessinmathematics.D.Musicmayenhancethemathematicsskillsofallkids.【答案】12.A13.B14.A15.C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇议论文。数学和音乐属于两个完全不同的研究领域，但是两者间有着很强的相关性，数学引导人们理解音乐，而小时候学音乐也可能使人今后在数学方面取得成就。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Mathandmusicaretwoentirelydifferentfieldsofstudy,butthereisastrong relevancebetweenthem.Atsomepoint,theytendtooverlap,anditiscommonforpeoplegoodatmathtobegoodatmusic.Itmayseemillogicaltocomparethetwo,buttherearemoresimilaritiesbetweenmathandmusicthanyouwouldimagine.(数学和音乐是两个完全不同的研究领域，但它们之间有很强的相关性。在某些时候，它们往往会重叠，擅长数学的人擅长音乐是很常见的。比较两者似乎不合逻辑，但数学和音乐之间的相似之处比你想象的要多。)”可知，音乐和数学之间有重叠，有很强的相关性，与A项“Mathandmusicaredeeplyintertwined(数学和音乐深深交织在一起)”意思相近，故选A项。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Numberscantellusmoreaboutmusic.Soundsstrangebutit’strue.Musicisdividedintosectionsthatarecalledmeasures,whereeachmeasurehasequalamountsofbeats.Thisiscomparabletomathematicaldivisionsoftime.Now,eachpieceofmusicwilltellushowmanybeatsthereareineachmeasure.Allthemusicnoteshavenumericalconnectionsandanumberofbeats.Itisimportanttounderstandthevalueoffractions(分数)andnotestocountthemusiccorrectly.(数字可以告诉我们更多关于音乐的信息。听起来很奇怪，但这是真的。音乐被分成几个小节，每个小节都有等量的节拍。这与数学上的时间划分相当。现在，每一段音乐都会告诉我们每个小节有多少拍。所有的音符都有数字连接和节拍数。理解分数的价值和音符对正确计算音乐很重要)”可知，本段主要阐述数字能告诉我们音乐的信息，即：数字有助于我们理解音乐。故选B项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thebiggestsimilaritybetweenmathandmusicinpattern.(数学和音乐最大的相似之处在于模式。)”可知，作者同意“模式在数学和音乐是共有的”这个说法。故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Musicisagatewaytomanythings,anduntilnow,youprobablydidn’trealizethatit’sjustasdemanding,analytical,logicalandscientificasmath.Somethingassimpleaslearning‘MaryHadaLittleLamb’onthepianoisactuallysettingyourchildupforbiggerandbetterthings;maybethey’llpickupPythagoras(毕达哥拉斯)inaflash,maybethey’llbeageniusinmath,perhapsthey’llonedaydiscovertheirowntheoryofrelativity.(音乐是通往许多事物的大门，直到现在，你可能还没有意识到它和数学一样要求高、分析性强、逻辑性强、科学性强。像在钢琴上学习《玛丽有只小羊羔》这样简单的事情，实际上是在为你的孩子做更大更好的事情做准备，也许他们会在一瞬间学会毕达哥拉斯（的数学），也许他们会成为数学天才，也许有一天他们会发现自己的相对论。)”可知，音乐有助于孩子获取其他的知识，学习音乐的孩子将来可能会在数学方面取得成功。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。Inthewintertime,runnersinnorthernclimatesmustdecidewhethertocontinueexercisingoutdoorsormoveinsidetoatreadmill(跑步机).Basically,runningincoldtemperaturesis—formostpeople—asafeandeffectiveworkout.Let’scheckthehealthbenefitsofrunningincoldweatherbelow.Runningincoldweathercanenergizethebody.Bydoingthis,youtendtobemoreactive.____16____Furthermore,takenotestoalwayshaveyourmealsbeforerunningincoldweather.Then,yourfoodwillbechangedintoenergyforsure.Infact,runningcanbegreattopromotethehealthyheart.____17____Coldweathercanpromotethehearttoworkharderandenhancethegoodbloodregulationinthebody.Indeed,itwillhelptomakethestrongerheartmuscleduringthecoldweather.____18____Inshort,yourbodyneedstoworkhardertokeepwarm,whichwillcostmorecalories.Runningincoldweathermayburn2,000morecaloriesperday,onaverage,comparedto1,000caloriesinwarmweather.Byrunningmoreoverwinter,youcouldactuallyenjoyanextrabenefit—weightloss.Anotherbenefityoucangetfromrunningincoldweatheristopreventearlieraging.Youmaybesurprisedwiththisone.But,thisislinkedwiththeabilityofcold-weatherrunningtoreducethetendencyforthebodytoexperiencethemassofboneandmusclewasting.____19____Interestingenough,runningduringcoldweathercanhelpyoutoliftthemoodup.____20____Itissurveyedthatrunningoutdoorsinwintercanachievelessdepression.Moreover,whentheweathergivesyoucold,incontrast,thebodygetswarmerduringrunningorworkout.Asaresult,youwillfeelhappierforsure.A.Therefore,itistimetotrythisonetoliveyoung.B.Admittedly,coldweathercanhelpburncalories.C.Itwillhelptopromotetheenergybuildinginthebody.D.Thisislinkedtothefoodsatisfactioninthecoldweather.E.But,ifyourunincoldweather,itwillboostthebenefitmore.F.Thecoldweathercanreduceheatstressandmakeaneasierrun.G.Itislinkedtothewetandtheairfeelingwhichmakesyoufeelcalm.【答案】16.C17.E18.B19.A20.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在寒冷的天气下跑步对健康产生的益处。【16题详解】上文“Bydoingthis,youtendtobemoreactive.(通过这样做，你就可能更加活跃)”说明通过在寒冷的天气 跑步你会变得更活跃，C项“这将有助于提升身体所需的能量”与上文构成因果关系，表明冬季跑步让人更活跃的结果就是有助于提升身体所需要的能量，it指代上文doingthis。故选C项。【17题详解】上文“Infact,runningcanbegreattopromotethehealthyheart.(事实上，跑步可以促进心脏健康。)”指出跑步可以促进心脏健康；下文“Coldweathercanpromotethehearttoworkharderandenhancethegoodbloodregulationinthebody.(寒冷的天气可以促进心脏更努力的工作，增强体内良好的血液调节)”指出，寒冷天气会让心脏更加努力工作。由此推知，如果在冬季跑步，好处会更多。E项“如果你在寒冷的天气里跑步，它会让你受益更多”符合题意。故选E项。【18题详解】空处为本段主旨句。下文“Inshort,yourbodyneedstoworkhardertokeepwarm,whichwillcostmorecalories.Runningincoldweathermayburn2,000morecaloriesperday,onaverage,comparedto1,000caloriesinwarmweather.(总之你的身体需要努力去保持温暖，这将会消耗更多的卡路里。在寒冷的天气里跑步平均每天可以多消耗2000卡路里，而在温暖的天气里跑步每天只消耗1000卡路里)”说明了寒冷的天气跑步会消耗更多卡路里。由此可知，本段的主旨是“恒冷天气可以帮助消耗更多卡路里”。B项“诚然，寒冷的天气可以帮助消耗卡路里”符合题意，可以作为本段主旨句。故选B项。【19题详解】空处位于段末，应承接上文。上文“But,thisislinkedwiththeabilityofcold-weatherrunningtoreducethetendencyforthebodytoexperiencethemassofboneandmusclewasting.(但是这和在冬季跑步可以减少身体经历大量骨骼和肌肉消耗的趋势的能力有关)”说明了冬季跑步可以减少对身体骨骼和肌肉的消耗，A项“因此，是时候尝试这个方法保持年轻了”符合题意，与上文构成因果关系。故选A项。【20题详解】上文“Interestingenough,runningduringcoldweathercanhelpyoutoliftthemoodup.(有趣的是在冬季跑步可以帮助你提升情绪)”说明冬季跑步可以使人拥有好情绪，G项“这和潮湿和使你觉得平静的空气感觉有关”是对冬季跑步可以提升情绪的解释说明，构成因果关系。故选G项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文、从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。Thoughterriblyshy,Ihadaparticularhappychildhood.Furthermore,ImaybeanonlychildbutIwassurroundedwithpeopleofmy___21___inaruralfishingcommunitywheremycousinswereas___22___asfishinthesea.ImaginehowmanycousinsIhave!Iwouldnotbe___23___ifIclaimthatalmosteveryoneinourvillageisaclose___24___!Thesweetmemoriesofplayingwithmycousinsarehappily___25___withbeachcombing, fishing,andregularfamily___26___.Everymorningat6am,wewouldwalk___27___9amatthebeach,combingthesandandkeepingourhandsbusy.Fishingwasanother___28___IlookedforwardtowhichhappenedeverySaturday.MyUncleJeromewouldtakeuswithhimandgoatthemiddleofthesea.Hewouldfindagood___29___inthesea,andthen____30____andlookforpearls(珍珠).ThefirsttimeIsawapearlinashell,Iwasamazed,mymouthhungandnever____31____foralongtime!Ithoughtitwastheloveliestmilkyitem.MychildhoodgavemesomeofthebestyearsofmylifebecauseIwaswithmyfamily.Ispentmuchtime____32____thebeachandthesea____33____bondingwithmyrelatives.Inotherwords,Iwas____34____active.Iwasshywith____35____butwithmycousins,Ifeltathome.21.A.groupB.countryC.loveD.age22.A.rareB.freeC.abundantD.delighted23.A.comparingB.lyingC.scaringD.hesitating24A.colleagueB.relativeC.friendD.neighbor25.A.filledB.providedC.sharedD.concerned26.A.tricksB.choresC.occasionsD.trades27.A.untilB.afterC.sinceD.during28.A.growthB.enjoymentC.dealD.experiment29.A.rockB.islandC.beachD.spot30.A.sinkB.fallC.floatD.dive31.A.openedB.laughedC.closedD.ate32.A.exploringB.cleaningC.observingD.washing33.A.inoppositiontoB.incontrasttoC.inadditiontoD.inresponseto34.A.casuallyB.sociallyC.naturallyD.secretly35.A.strangersB.eldersC.crowdsD.relatives【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.B25.A26.C27.A28.B29.D30.D31.C32.A33.C34.B35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了在渔村与表兄弟姐妹们一起渡过的快乐童年。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，虽然我是独生女，但我生活在一个渔村，周围都是和我同龄的人，我的 表兄弟姐妹多得像海里的鱼一样。A.group团体，组；B.country国家；C.love爱；D.age年龄。根据句中“ImaginehowmanycousinsIhave!”可推知，作者有很多表兄弟姐妹，他们是同龄人。故选D项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，虽然我是独生女，但我生活在一个农村渔村，周围都是和我同龄的人，我的表兄弟姐妹多得像海里的鱼一样。A.rare稀罕的；B.free免费的；C.abundant大量的；D.delighted高兴的。根据句中“fishinthesea”和下文“ImaginehowmanycousinsIhave!”可知，作者有很多表兄弟姐妹。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我说我们村里几乎每个人都是我的近亲，我没说谎!A.comparing比较；B.lying说谎；C.scaring恐吓；D.hesitating犹豫。根据上文可知，作者周围都是同龄的表兄弟姐妹，所以他说“almosteveryoneinourvillageisaclose　　4　　!(村里几乎每个人都是我的近亲)”不是说谎。故选B项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我说我们村里几乎每个人都是我的近亲，我没说谎!A.colleague同事；B.relative亲戚；C.friend朋友；D.neighbor邻居。根据上文“ImaginehowmanycousinsIhave!”和下文“Thesweetmemoriesofplayingwithmycousins”可知，周围都是同龄的表兄弟姐妹，村里人几乎都是他的亲戚。故选B项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：赶海、钓鱼和定期的家庭活动填满了我和表兄弟们一起玩耍的甜蜜回忆。A.filled充满；B.provided提供；C.shared分享；D.concerned使忧虑。根据句中“Thesweetmemories”和“withbeachcombing,fishing,andregularfamily　　6　　.”可知，这些都是作者甜蜜回忆中的内容。befilledwith...“被……充满”符合语境。故选A项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：赶海、钓鱼和定期的家庭活动填满了我和表兄弟们一起玩耍的甜蜜回忆。A.tricks技巧；B.chores杂务；C.occasions特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)；D.trades贸易。根据句中“sweetmemories”和“regularfamily”可推知，与亲戚们的定期家庭活动是作者的甜蜜回忆之一。故选C项。【27题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：每天早上6点，我们会在海滩上散步到9点，梳理着沙滩，双手忙碌。A.until直到；B.after在……之后；C.since自……以后；D.during在……期间。根据句中“at6am”和“9am”可知，作者和表兄弟姐妹在海滩上从早上6点一直走到9点。故选A项。【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：钓鱼是我期待的每周六都会发生的另一种乐趣。A.growth成长；B.enjoyment乐趣；C.deal交易；D.experiment实验。根据上一段中“Thesweetmemoriesofplayingwithmycousinsarehappily　　5　　withbeachcombing,fishing,andregularfamily　　6　　.”可知，钓鱼也是甜蜜回忆，所以是他期待的另一种乐趣。故选B项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会在海里找个好地方，然后潜水去找珍珠。A.rock石头；B.island岛屿；C.beach海滩；D.spot地点。根据句中“inthesea”和“lookforpearls(珍珠)”可推知，要在海里找珍珠需要挑地点。故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会在海里找个好地方，然后潜水去找珍珠。A.sink下沉；B.fall落下；C.float漂浮；D.dive潜水。根据常识和句中“lookforpearls(珍珠)”可知，找珍珠需要潜水。故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次看到带壳的珍珠时，我惊呆了，我张大嘴，好长一段时间都没有合上!。A.opened打开；B.laughed笑；C.closed合上；D.ate吃。根据句中“Iwasamazed,mymouthhung”可知，作者感到吃惊，所以张大了嘴，很久都没合上。故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我除了花很多时间和我的亲戚们呆在一起，还探索了海滩和大海。A.exploring探索；B.cleaning清洗；C.observing观察；D.washing洗涤。根据上文“Everymorningat6am,wewouldwalk　　7　　9amatthebeach,combingthesand”可知，作者探索了海滩。故选A项。【33题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我除了花了很多时间和我的亲戚们呆在一起，还探索了海滩和大海。A.inoppositionto反对；B.incontrastto与……形成对照；C.inadditionto除……之外；D.inresponseto响应。根据上文可知，作者的童年是和自己的表兄弟姐妹一起渡过，除了和亲戚们呆在一起外，他们还探索了海滩和大海。故选C项。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：换句话说，我在社交上很活跃。A.casually随意地；B.socially在社交方面；C.naturally自然地；D.secretly秘密地。根据上文“bondingwithmyrelatives”可知，作者天天和自己的表兄弟姐妹一起玩耍，所以社交上很活跃。故选B项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：和陌生人在一起我很害羞，但和我的表兄妹在一起，我感到很自在。A.strangers陌生人；B.elders尊长；C.crowds人群；D.relatives亲属。根据句中“butwithmycousins,Ifeltat home.”可推知，作者把自己的表兄妹在一起的感受和与陌生人在一起的感受进行对比。故选A项。第二节(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Darkdiningistheactofeatingamealwithoutseeingthefoodthatisbeingeaten.Thebasicconceptisthatthe___36___(remove)ofvisionenhancestheothersensesandincreasesgastronomic(美食的)pleasure.Since1999,___37___(specialize)darkrestaurantshaveopenedinmanypartsoftheworld.The___38___(one)experienceofdarkrestauranttookplaceinParisand___39___(call)“Legoutdunoir”.Thisprogrambecamein2003“DansLeNoir?”.Itbecamethefirstinternationalchainofrestaurantinthedark.ThefirstpermanentrestaurantwasBlindekuh,inZurich,Switzerland.ItwasopenedinSeptember1999byablindman,Jorge,whowished___40___(convey)theexperienceofblindnesstosightedcustomers.Jorgesays___41___ideacameafterguestswhohaddinedblindfoldedathisownhomereportedgreaterenjoymentoftheirmealthroughthesensesoftasteandsmell.Thenotionthatamealcanbemore___42___(enjoy)withoutsightistypicallydescribed___43___“thetheorythatflavorsareintensifiedwhenpeoplecan’tsee___44___they’reeating”.However,somedarkrestaurantsdevotepartoftheirmoneytocharitiesorcausesconcernedwithvisualimpairment.InZurich,theoriginaldarkrestaurantispartofthisproject,aimedat____45____(create)jobsforblindpeople.【答案】36.removal37.specialized38.first39.wascalled40.toconvey41.the42.enjoyable43.as44.what45.creating【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“黑暗用餐”——吃饭时不看正在吃的食物的行为。其基本理念是，视觉的移除可以增强其他感官，增加美食的乐趣。自1999年以来，专门的黑暗餐厅在世界许多地方开业。【36题详解】考查名词。句意：其基本理念是，视觉的移除可以增强其他感官，增加美食的乐趣。由空前定冠词the以及空后介词of可知，此处为名词形式。故填removal。【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：自1999年以来，专门的黑暗餐厅在世界许多地方开业。由空后darkrestaurants名词短语可知，此处为形容词specialized“专门的”作定语修饰该名词短语。故填specialized。【38题详解】考查数词。句意：第一次体验黑暗餐厅发生在巴黎，被称为“Legoutdunoir”。根据空前定冠词the以及下文“Itbecamethefirstinternationalchainofrestaurantinthedark.”可知，此处为序数词first，thefirst表示“第一个”，满足句意要求。故填first。【39题详解】考查动词。句意：第一次体验黑暗餐厅发生在巴黎，被称为“Legoutdunoir”。由and可知，call应与tookplace并列作句子的谓语，且与主语之间为被动关系，所以为一般过去时的被动语态结构。故填wascalled。【40题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：1999年9月，一位名叫豪尔赫的盲人开办了这家店，他希望向视力正常的顾客传达盲人的体验。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语wishtodosth“希望做……”，满足句意要求，所以此处为动词不定式。故填toconvey。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：豪尔赫说，在他家里吃过蒙眼饭的客人表示，他们通过味觉和嗅觉更享受这顿饭，于是就有了这个想法。根据句意可知，此处的idea指文中wishedtoconveytheexperienceofblindnesstosightedcustomers，表特指，所以为定冠词the的填入。故填the。【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：一顿饭在看不见的情况下会更愉快，这一概念通常被描述为“当人们看不见自己在吃什么时，味道会增强”的理论。根据句意以及空前more可知，此处为说明ameal的性质，应用形容词作表语。故填enjoyable。【43题详解】考查介词。句意：一顿饭在看不见情况下会更愉快，这一概念通常被描述为“当人们看不见自己在吃什么时，味道会增强”的理论。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语bedescribeas…“被描述为……”，满足句意要求，所以此处为介词as的填入。故填as。【44题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：一顿饭在看不见的情况下会更愉快，这一概念通常被描述为“当人们看不见自己在吃什么时，味道会增强”的理论。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指吃的东西，应用连接代词what。故填what。【45题详解】 考查动名词。句意：在苏黎世，原来的黑暗餐厅是这个项目的一部分，旨在为盲人创造就业机会。由空前介词at以及提示词create为动词可知，此处为动名词形式。故填creating。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，你的朋友Chris计划周末去你推荐的古镇游玩，请发邮件给出你的游玩攻略。内容包括：1.游览方式；2.景点介绍；3.必备工具。注意：1.写作词数为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearChris,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearChris,KnowingthatyouaregoingtovisittheoldtowncalledLijiangTownwhichIhaverecommendedtoyou,Iamwritingtotellyousometravelguides.Whiletravellingthere,youhadbetterrideabikethroughthetowntoenjoythehistorichouses.Thereareseveraloldstreets,oneofwhichiscalledDayanStreet.IthassomehistoricalandculturalattractionssuchasQianxuebuilding,YuquanParkandsoon.Sincetheweatherforecastsaiditwasgoingtorain,youshouldbringanumbrella.Ihopeyouwillhavefunthere.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，你的朋友Chris计划周末去你推荐的古镇游玩，请发邮件给出你的游玩 攻略。内容包括：游览方式；景点介绍；必备工具。【详解】1.词汇积累骑自行车：rideabike→cycle欣赏：enjoy→appreciate参观：visit→payavisitto玩得开心：havefun→enjoyoneself2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：IthassomehistoricalandculturalattractionssuchasQianxuebuilding,YuquanParkandsoon.拓展句：IthassomehistoricalandculturalattractionssuchasQianxuebuilding,YuquanParkandsoon,whereyoucanenjoyyourself.【点睛】[高分句型1]KnowingthatyouaregoingtovisittheoldtowncalledLijiangTownwhichIhaverecommendedtoyou,Iamwritingtotellyousometravelguides(运用了which引导的限制性定语从句和that引导的宾语从句)[高分句型2]Thereareseveraloldstreets,oneofwhichiscalledDayanStreet.(运用了介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Itwasafantasticandcheeryearlysummerday.Thesunwasshiningbrilliantly,withcloudsdancinginthebluesky.Thebirdsweresingingmerrilyandthecolourfulflowerswereinfullbloom.Therewasawarmgentlebreeze.Brightgreenleavesswunginthewind,occasionallyfallingtotheground,castofffromthetreestheytrusted.Itwasalovelymorningtobeoutdoors,toenjoyoneselfinthesplendidbeautyofnature.There’snothingquiteascurativeasbeingoutinnature.LittleBearhatedbeinglockedathome.Hewantedtogoouttorelievehisboredom.Whilehismotherwasbusywiththedailydomestictasks,LittleBearslippedoutthroughthebackdoor.Hewassoeagerforindependencethatheignoredhisparents’wordsandracedoffintothewoodsnearhishomeonhisown.Ashejoggedalongthewindingpathfromhishome,LittleBearfeltlikeanadventurer.Soon,thestonepathendedandhefoundhimselfintheforest.Hehadneverbeensofarfromhomeallbyhimself.AsLittleBearexploredtheplantsofdifferentcolorsintheabundantgreenforest,thefearofbeingaloneinthegreatoutdoorsbegantowearoff.Heimmediatelybegantoregrethiscarelessdecisiontoescapefromhisparents. Byafternoon,thesunwasburninghot.LittleBearwasweakfromhungerandthirst.Hefelttiredandhungry.Helongedforhismother’scooking.Helongedforhisnicecosybed.Helongedtogohome.LittleBearscannedthesurroundings.Everythinglookedunfamiliartohim.Hewaslost!Therewasnotasoulinsightfromwhomhecouldaskfordirections.LittleBearsatonarock,aloneanddepressed.Lookingdown,allhecouldseewerehislittlepawprintsimprintedinthemud.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。AnideasuddenlycameintoLittleBear’smind._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Beforelong,hesawhisfamiliarwoodencottage.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】OnepossibleversionAnideasuddenlycameintoLittleBear’smind.Hejumpedupandfollowedhistrailofpawprints,knowingthattheywouldleadhimoutoftheforest.Althoughthewalkwaslongandhewasfeelingweary,LittleBearforcedhimselftogoon.Finally,hefoundhimselfbackonthewindingfootpath.LittleBearknewthatthismeanthewasclosetohome.Hemadeafinalrush,eagertogethomequickly.Beforelong,hesawhisfamiliarwoodencottage.Hismotherwaswaitingoutsidewithananxiouslookonherface.LittleBearranintothearmsofhismotherandhuggedhertightly.Heapologizedforleavingthehousewithoutpermission.Overwhelmedwithreliefthathersonhadreturnedsafeandsound,hismotherdidnotpunishhim.Afterthedangerousexperienceofgettinglostintheforest,LittleBearknewthathewouldnotdaretoventureoutaloneagain.【解析】【导语】本文以小熊出门探险为线索展开，讲述了初夏的一天，小熊讨厌被关在家里，他想出去解闷。于 是在他的母亲忙于日常家务时，小熊从后门溜了出去，独自跑到家附近的树林里迷路了。下午时分，又累又饿的小熊终于想办法回到了家。在森林里迷路的危险经历之后，小熊再也不敢独自外出了。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“小熊突然想到了一个主意。”可知，第一段可描写小熊想到了回家的办法，并朝着家的方向走去。②由第二段首句内容“不久，他看到了自己熟悉的木屋。”可知，第二段可描写小熊与家人团聚，再也不敢独自外出了。2.续写线索：想到主意——沿着脚印走——疲惫——到家——团聚——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①带领：lead/guide②奔：rush/dash③道歉：apologize/makeanapology情绪类①担忧：anxious/worried/concerned②积极：relief/feelrelieved/aloadoffone’smind【点睛】[高分句型1]Althoughthewalkwaslongandhewasfeelingweary,LittleBearforcedhimselftogoon.（由连词although引导的让步状语从句）[高分句型2]Overwhelmedwithreliefthathersonhadreturnedsafeandsound,hismotherdidnotpunishhim.（运用了过去分词短语作状语）听力答案：1-5ACBBC6-10AACAA11-15BBCBC16-20CCBAB