重庆市第八中学2022-2023学年高三英语下学期5月月考试题（Word版附解析）

重庆市第八中学2023届高考适应性月考卷(八)英语注意事项:1.答题前,考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。2.每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。3.考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分,考试用时120分钟。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whodoesthewomanthinkwillgetthepost?A.Anna.B.Jane.C.Rachel.2.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthenewplay?AStrange.B.Boring.C.Interesting.3.Whichhotelarethespeakersgoingtobook?A.TheWestgate.B.TheLaurel.C.TheCrown.4.Howwillthewomangototheshow?A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Onfoot.5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabookstore.B.Inalibrary.C.Inaclassroom.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话,回答第6和第7小题。6.Whenwillthespeakersarriveattheparty?A.At7:30.B.At9:30.C.At10:30.7Whatwillthespeakersdofirst?A.Preparesomefood.B.PhoneSylvia.C.Gototheirparents’house.听下面一段对话,回答第8和第9小题。8.Whatarethespeakerstalkingaboutingeneral?A.Afunnyholiday.B.Anewlymarriedcouple.C.Agreatweddingceremony.9.WheredidLisaaskHenrytomarryher? A.AtHenry’shouse.B.AtLisa’shouse.C.Onaship.听下面一段对话,回答第10至第12小题。10.WhatdoesMikeaskSusantodo?A.Meetacustomer.B.Drivehimtotheairport.C.Makeanappointmentwithacustomer.11.WhyisMikeaskingforhelp?A.Heistoobusyathisoffice.B.Heneedstopickupacustomer.C.Hehasapersonalmattertodealwith.12.WhatprobablerelationisRebeccatoSusan?A.Hersecretary.B.Hersister.C.Hercustomer.听下面一段对话,回答第13至第16小题。13.WhatsubjectisTowardtheWorldrelatedto?A.Geography.B.Politics.C.History.14.WhereisTowardtheWorld?A.Inthestudyroom.B.Inthereadingroom.C.Inthereserveroom.15.WhatdoweknowaboutTowardtheWorld?A.Itcanonlybeusedinthelibrary.B.Itmustbereturnedinafewdays.C.Itcanonlybeborrowedbyteachers.16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Takealift.B.Walkupstairs.C.Leavethelibrary.听下面一段独白,回答第17至第20小题。17.Howlongdidthespeakerspendinmakingthedesk?A.Oneweek.B.Twomonths.C.Eighteenmonths.18.Wheredidthespeakeroriginallyplantoputthedesk?A.Inthesittingroom.B.Inthehall.C.Inthebedroom.19.Whatadvicedoesthespeakergivetobeginners?A.Useelectrictools.B.Developskillsfairlyquickly.C.Startwithsmallandsimplethings.20.Whatwilltheclassdonext?A.Makealist.B.Choosetools.C.Putupashelf.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AFourMulticulturalCities NewYorkCityItisprobablynotallthatsurprisingtofindoutthattheBigAppleisoneofthemostglobalcitiesintheworld.Ithasthelargestpopulationofimmigrantsontheplanet.Over35%ofitsresidentsarebornoutsidetheUSA.Youcanhearover800languagesinNewYorkCitybeingspokenonadailybasis.Whichisthemostmulticulturaldistrictinthecity?Queensisthelargestandalsothemostmultiracialurbanareaintheworld!LondonLondonmaycomeinsecondplacebehindNewYorkCityforthepercentageoftheimmigrantpopulation.ButitiseasilythemostinternationalcityinallofEurope.Bangladeshis,Pakistanis,andIndiansareafewofthelargerimmigrantgroupsandawalkaroundthecitywilluncoverthattheyhavedefinitelybroughttheircultureswiththem.PeoplefromaroundtheworldaredrawntoLondonandover30%ofitsresidentsarebornoutsidetheUK.SingaporeThiscity-stateisnotjustthemainfinancialcenterofSoutheastAsia,butalsooneofthemostmulticulturalplacesontheplanet.Singaporehasfourofficiallanguages:MandarinChinese,English,Malay,andTamil.Itisalsoacenterforinternationalresidentsandtheircultures.So,youaresuretomeetlargecommunitiesofpermanentresidentswhoareforeign-born.SydneyFollowingWorldWarⅡ,Sydneysawahugeinflowofimmigrants.Thistrendhascontinuedintothepresentday,makingSydneyoneofthemostmulticulturalcitiesintheworld.AlthoughEnglishistheofficiallanguagespokeninSydney,thiscityishometomorethan250languages.ImmigrantsfromplacessuchasVietnam,India,andSouthAmericahavemadethiscitytheirhomeandbroughttheircultureswiththem.YouwillbespoiltforchoicewhenitcomestoSydney’sculturalvariety!1.Wherecanyoufindthelargestmultiracialdistrict?A.InSingapore.B.InSydney.C.InNewYorkCity.D.InLondon.2.WhatdoLondonandSingaporehaveincommon?A.Theyaresuitableforminoritiestoearnaliving.B.Theymakeittheirmissiontoattractimmigrants.C.Theybothhaveover30%foreign-bornpopulations.D.Theybothhavedifferentracesandculturesmixedtogether.3.WhatmakesSydneyoneofthemostmulticulturalcities?A.WorldWarⅡ.B.Immigration.C.Economy.D.Education.【答案】1.C2.D3.B 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了世界上四个拥有多元文化的城市。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据NewYorkCity部分的“Whichisthemostmulticulturaldistrictinthecity?Queensisthelargestandalsothemostmultiracialurbanareaintheworld!(哪个区是城市中最多元文化的区？皇后区是世界上最大也是最多元种族的城区！)”可知,纽约市的皇后区是世界上文化最多样化的城市区域。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据London部分的Bangladeshis,Pakistanis,andIndiansareafewofthelargerimmigrantgroupsandawalkaroundthecitywilluncoverthattheyhavedefinitelybroughttheircultureswiththem.(孟加拉国人、巴基斯坦人和印度人是其中一些较大的移民群体，在城市里四处走走就会发现他们肯定带来了自己的文化。)”以及Singapore部分的“Itisalsoacenterforinternationalresidentsandtheircultures.(它也是国际居民及其文化的中心。)”可知，这两座城市都有不同种族和文化的交融。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Sydney部分的“FollowingWorldWarII,Sydneysawahugeinflowofimmigrants.Thistrendhascontinuedintothepresentday,makingSydneyoneofthemostmulticulturalcitiesintheworld.(第二次世界大战后，悉尼出现了大量移民流入。这一趋势一直延续到今天，使悉尼成为世界上最多元文化的城市之一。)”可知，自二战后至今，大量移民涌入悉尼，移民潮使其成为一座拥有多元文化的城市。故选B。BMichaelFaradaywasanEnglishchemistandphysicistborninaworkingclasson22September1791.Faraday’sfathersufferedfromlong-termhealthproblemsthatoftenimpededhiswork.Asaresult,Faraday’sfamilyhadlittlemoneyandFaradaygotaverylittleformalschooling.ButFaradayhadanactivecuriosityanddeterminationtolearn.WhileworkinginLondonasateenager,hehadaccesstoawiderangeofbooksandhereadeverythinghecouldgethishandson.Bydoingalotofreading,Faradaysooneducatedhimselfonmanyscientificsubjects,andhislifeasascientistbegan.In1812,FaradayattendedfourlecturesattheRoyalInstitutiongivenbyafamouschemistnamedHumphreyDavy.AfterwardsFaradaysentalettertoDavy,expressingastronginterestinthesubjectscoveredinthelecturesandofferinghisservicesasalabassistant.Ayearlater,DavyacceptedFaradayashislabassistant.ThankstohisworkwithDavy,Faradaygotacompletescientificeducation.Hesoonbegantoresearchandexperimentswithelectricity.AlthoughhistimewasmostlyspenthelpingDavy,Faradaybegantoworkonhisownasachemistandscientistofgreatimportance.WhenDavyretiredin 1827,FaradaytookhisplaceastheheadofthechemistrydepartmentoftheRoyalInstitute.Upontakingupthepositionhecouldfocusonhisownresearch,andFaraday’smostinfluentialandcelebratedworkbeganinthe1830s.In1831,hediscoveredelectromagneticinduction(电磁感应),abreakthroughinthefieldoftechnology.In1846hegavealecturethatpresentedimportantideasaboutthenatureofelectricity,andtheselaterinspiredthehistoricalworkofJamesMaxwellrelatedtoelectromagneticfieldtheory.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impeded”inParagraph1mean?A.Stopped.B.Saved.C.Changed.D.Increased.5.WhatdoweknowaboutFaraday’steenagelife?A.Hedidn’tgotoschool.B.Helivedacarefreelife.C.Helearnedscienceonhisown.D.Hegotmuchhelpfromhisparents.6.WhydidFaradayofferhisservicestoDavy?A.Toearnmoremoney.B.ToshowrespectforDavy.C.TolearnmoreaboutDavy.D.Tolearnmoreaboutscience.7.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.ThehelpDavygavetoFaraday.B.TheturningpointinFaraday’slife.C.Faraday’sacademicachievement.D.Faraday’sinfluenceonJamesMaxwell.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了迈克尔·法拉第的家庭背景、学习和工作经历、科学成就等。【4题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Faraday’sfathersufferedfromlong-termhealthproblems”和下一句“Asaresult,Faraday’sfamilyhadlittlemoneyandFaradaygotaverylittleformalschooling.(因此，法拉第的家庭几乎没有钱，法拉第也很少接受正规教育。)”可知，法拉第的父亲长期身体不好，家里没有多少钱，法拉第也很少接受正规教育,由此可推测，身体原因影响了法拉第父亲的工作，所以impede意为“妨碍，阻碍”，与stop意思相近。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Bydoingalotofreading,Faradaysooneducatedhimselfonmanyscientificsubjects,andhislifeasascientistbegan.(通过大量阅读，法拉第很快就自学了许多科学科目，他的科学家生涯开始了。)”可知，青少年时期的法拉第自学了科学方面的知识,。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“AfterwardsFaradaysentalettertoDavy,expressingastronginterestinthe subjectscoveredinthelecturesandofferinghisservicesasalabassistant.(之后，法拉第给戴维发了一封信，表达了他对讲座中涉及的主题的浓厚兴趣，并提供了实验室助理的服务。)”可知，法拉第对戴维的讲座非常感兴趣，主动提出为他当实验室助理，由此可推测，他想要以一个学习者的身份提供帮助从而获得学习科学知识的机会。故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“Upontakingupthepositionhecouldfocusonhisownresearch,andFaraday’smostinfluentialandcelebratedworkbeganinthe1830s.In1831,hediscoveredelectromagneticinduction(电磁感应),abreakthroughinthefieldoftechnology.In1846hegavealecturethatpresentedimportantideasaboutthenatureofelectricity,andtheselaterinspiredthehistoricalworkofJamesMaxwellrelatedtoelectromagneticfieldtheory.(上任后，他可以专注于自己的研究，法拉第最有影响力和最著名的工作始于19世纪30年代。1831年，他发现了电磁感应，这是技术领域的一个突破。1846年，他发表了一次演讲，提出了关于电的本质的重要思想，这些思想后来启发了詹姆斯·麦克斯韦与电磁场理论有关的历史著作。)”可知，本段主要与法拉第的学术成就相关。故选C项。CHomegardensproducedeliciousfood.Butthat’snottheirmainvirtue.Imagineaplateholdingtwostrawberries,identicalinappearance.Onecomesoutofasupermarketbox,meaningitisprobablyharvestedwhenitisstillunripe,immediatelyplacedinaforced-aircoolingunitanddrivenhundredsofmiles.Bythetimeitreachestheplate,itmayhavebeenoffthevinefortwoweeks.Theotherstrawberryispickedfromagardenminutesbeforebeingeaten.Thefirstonewillprobablytastesourwithalightstrawberryflavor.Thesecondislikelytobesweet,andtheflavorwillremaininthemouth,asthesmellwillonthehands.Supermarketstrawberriesarenotentirelywithoutadvantages:theyareconvenientandavailablealmosteverywhere.Thesamecouldbesaidofcooking:affordableanddecentrestaurantsaround,sowhybothertomakeyourownmeals?Thatattitudemisunderstandsthefinalappealofgardening:itmistakestheproductforthepurpose.Itistruethatagarden,especiallyintheearlyyears,canbringlittlebutfrustration.Inexperiencedgardenersmayplantthewrongcropsfortheirsoil.Andevenexpertgardenerscanloseaseason’sharvesttouncooperativeweather.Nomatter.Therealjoyofgardeningisthetimespentdoingit.Thedeepestpleasure—aswithcooking,writing,oralmostanythingworthwhile—isintheworkitself.Agardener’smemoriescenternotonthefoodproduced,butonlong summerafternoonswithhandsinthedirt,surroundedbyfamily,ifthegardenisathome,orenhancingrelationshipswithfriendsandneighborsinacommunitygarden.Togardenistopatiently,lovinglyanddiligentlyhelplifegrow,inthegroundandaboveit.8.Whatdoweknowaboutthesupermarketstrawberry?A.Itmaytastesour.B.Itischeaperthanthegardenone.C.Itispickedtwoweeksbeforeitisripe.D.Itlooksmoreattractivethanthegardenone.9.Whymightahomegardenharvestlittle?A.Becausethesoiliswet.B.Becausetheweatherisbad.C.Becausethegardenerlacksconfidence.D.Becausetheplantsgrowinthewrongseason.10.Gardeningissimilartocookingandwritinginthat__________.A.theyallencouragepatienceB.theyallpromotefriendshipsC.theyallneedrichexperienceD.theyallbringjoyintheprocess11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theadvantagesofgreenfood.B.Thebenefitsofhomegardening.C.Thetrendofmakingfoodathome.D.Thepleasureofwatchinglifegrow.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要叙述了家庭园艺的好处。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thefirstonewillprobablytastesourwithalightstrawberryflavor.(第一种可能会尝起来酸酸的，带有淡淡的草莓味。)”可知，超市的草莓可能发酸。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Andevenexpertgardenerscanloseaseason’sharvesttouncooperativeweather.(即使是专业的园丁也可能因为不合作的天气而失去一个季节的收成。)”可知，天气不好可能会导致失去一个季节的收成，由此可推测出，家庭菜园收成少可能是因为天气不好。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Thedeepestpleasure—aswithcooking,writing,oralmostanythingworthwhile—isintheworkitself.(与烹饪、写作或几乎任何有价值的事情一样，最深的乐趣在于工作本身。)”可知，烹饪、写作和园艺相似的一点在于：在做这件事的过程会带来乐趣。故选D。11题详解】主旨大意题。第一段“Homegardensproducedeliciousfood.Butthat’snottheirmainvirtue.(家庭菜园出产美 味的食物。但这并不是它们的主要优点。)”引出话题：家庭菜园有许多优点。接下来具体讲述了家庭园艺的好处：能生产出美味的食物、能带来快乐、促进人际关系等。由此可推测出，B项“家庭园艺的好处”最符合。故选B。DMilk,itcomesfromcows,right?Well,notallthemilkyouseeonsupermarketshelvesisfromcows.Thesedaysweseemanyplant-basedalternativestodairy,suchasoat,peaandsoyamilk.Butwhywouldsomeonestopdrinkingtheirfull-fat,semi-skimmedorskimmedcow’smilkandtradeitforoneofthese?Therearemanyreasonswhysomeonemighttryalternativemilks.Somepeoplebelievethealternativesarehealthierthanmilkfromcows.Thosewithlactose(乳糖)intoleranceorthinkingaboutbecomingveganmightstartdrinkingalternativemilks.Also,concernsabouttheimpactofdairyfarmingontheenvironmentcouldbeafactor.Whateverthereason,therearemanyalternativestodairyoutthereforustoconsume.Butwhatarethedifferencesbetweentheseotheroptionsandregularcow’smilk?Soyamilkisonecommonalternative.Accordingtosomesources,suchashealthline.com,itcontainsasimilaramountofproteintoregularmilk.Itisalsolowerincaloriesthansomecow’smilk,whichcouldbegoodforthoseonadiet,andoftencomesstrengthenedwiththingslikecalciumandvariousvitamins.So,allgood?Well,soya,accordingtofoodallergy.org,isoneoftheninefoodswhichcausethemajorityofallergicreactions,suchaslactoseintoleranceandnutallergy.Almondmilkisalow-calorie,low-fatdrinkandisnaturallylactosefreeandhasaslightnuttytaste.Whenunsweetened,italsohaslowerlevelsofcarbohydratesandsugarsthansomedairyoptions.However,evenwhenstrengthened,itdoesn’tprovidethelevelsofproteinseeninsoyaorregularmilk.Thenthere’scoconutmilk,whichislowincaloriesandmayaffectpeoplewithlactoseintoleranceasmuchasotheroptions,butislackinginprotein.Whicheverplant-basedmilkyouchoose,therearepositivesandnegatives.Dieticiansagreethemostimportantthingisgettingahealthybalanceddietwhichwon’ttriggeranyallergiesandcomeswithallthemineralsandvitaminsyouneed.Andattheendoftheday,itmayjustcomedowntowhichoneyouthinktastesbetter.12.Whatisthepurposeofthequestionattheverybeginning?A.Tostateawrongbelief.B.Tointroducethemaintopic.C.Toexpressthewriter’sdoubt.D.Toaskforanimmediateanswer.13.Inwhataspectisthealternativemilkdifferentfromregularcowmilk?A.Farmingtechnology.B.Allergysymptoms.C.Weightcontrol.D.Tastepreferences.14.Whichmilkmightalactoseintolerancepersonprefer? A.Soyamilk.B.Almondmilk.C.Coconutmilk.D.Regularmilk.15.Whatdodieticianssuggest?A.Returningtocowmilk.B.Makinguseofalternativemilks.C.Calculatingmineralandvitamincontent.D.Combiningnutritionfactswithtastebuds.【答案】12.B13.C14.B15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章解释了现在有些人会选择用植物奶来代替牛奶的原因，并讲述了植物奶的优缺点以及营养师提出的建议。【12题详解】目的意图题。根据第一段中的“Milk,itcomesfromcows,right?Well,notallthemilkyouseeonsupermarketshelvesisfromcows.Thesedaysweseemanyplant-basedalternativestodairy,suchasoat,peaandsoyamilk.(奶，它来自奶牛，对吧？嗯，并不是所有你在超市货架上看到的奶都来自奶牛。如今，我们看到了许多以植物为基础的替代乳制品，如燕麦、豌豆和豆浆。)”可知，作者开头提出奶是否来自奶牛的问题，并给出回答说不是说有的奶都是从奶牛身上挤出来的，接着引出有以植物为基础的替代乳制品。由此可推测出，作者在文章开头提出问题是为了引出本文主要讨论的话题——植物奶。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。第二段中的“Butwhatarethedifferencesbetweentheseotheroptionsandregularcow’smilk?(但是，这些其他选择与普通牛奶之间有什么区别？)”询问植物奶和普通牛奶的区别，接下来文章举豆奶的例子进行说明。根据第二段中的“Itisalsolowerincaloriesthansomecow’smilk,whichcouldbegoodforthoseonadiet,andoftencomesstrengthenedwiththingslikecalciumandvariousvitamins.(它的热量也比一些牛奶低，这对那些节食的人有好处，而且经常补充钙和各种维生素等。)”可知，豆奶的热量比牛奶低，这有利于减肥，由此可推测出，植物替代奶品和普通牛奶二者的不同之处在于体重控制。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Almondmilkisalow-calorie,low-fatdrinkandisnaturallylactosefreeandhasaslightnuttytaste.(杏仁奶是一种低热量、低脂肪的饮料，天然不含乳糖，有轻微的坚果味。)”可知，杏仁奶不含乳糖，由此可推测出，乳糖不耐受的人更偏爱喝杏仁奶。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Dieticiansagreethemostimportantthingisgettingahealthybalanceddietwhichwon’ttriggeranyallergiesandcomeswithallthemineralsandvitaminsyouneed.Andattheendoftheday,itmayjustcomedowntowhichoneyouthinktastesbetter.(营养师们一致认为，最重要的是获得健康均衡的饮食，这种饮食不会引发任何过敏，并含有你需要的所有矿物质和维生素。而最终，可能只是归结为你认为 哪一种味道更好。)”可知，营养师们认为选择奶品的时候要考虑其是否健康均衡，含有必要的营养物质且不会造成过敏，而且还要考虑哪种味道好。由此可推测出，营养师建议要综合考虑营养因素和口感。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。Creativitycanseemlikemagic.WelookatpeoplelikeSteveJobsandBobDylan,andweconcludethattheymustpossesssupernaturalpowers.___16___It’saskill.Anyonecanlearntobecreativeandtogetbetteratit.Asetoflessonshasemergedaboutwhatcreativityisandhowtoencourageitinourselvesandourwork.Let’sstartwiththehardestproblems.___17___Scientistshavebegunstudyinghowinsightoccurs.Theyhavefoundthatcertainfactorsmakepeoplemuchmorelikelytohaveaninsight,betterabletofindanswers.Forinstance,exposingparticipantstoashort,humorousvideobooststheaveragesuccessratebyabout20percent.___18___ItcanbeArchimedesinthebathtuborthephysicistRichardFeynmanscribblingequationsinastripclub.AsEinsteinoncedeclared,“Creativityiswhatisleftaftertimeiswasted.”Butthisraisesanobviousquestion:Ifdifferentkindsofcreativeproblemsbenefitfromdifferentkindsofcreativethinking,howcanweensurethatwe’rethinkingintherightwayattherighttime?Whenshouldwedaydreamandgoforarelaxingstroll,andwhenshouldwekeeponsketchingandtoyingwithpossibilities?___19___Scientistscallit“feelingsofknowing”,andtheyoccurwhenwesuspectthatwecanfindtheanswer,ifonlywekeeponthinking.SteveJobsfamouslydeclaredthat“Creativityisjustconnectingthings”.___20___Itcanbesatisfyingwhentheflamecatchesandanewideasweepsaroundtheworld.A.Butcreativityisnotmagic.BEverycreativestoryisdifferent.C.It’sjustamatterofgettingtheanswerout.D.Suchproblemsaretypicallysolvedinamomentofinsight.E.Actuallyhumanmindscanassesstherightkindofcreativity.F.Themostunbelievableconceptsarecombinationsofexistingstuff.G.Theyalsoexplainwhyamajorbreakthroughhappensintheunlikeliestplace.【答案】16.A17.D18.G19.E20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了什么是创造性以及如何激发创造性。【16题详解】 前文“WelookatpeoplelikeSteveJobsandBobDylan,andweconcludethattheymustpossesssupernaturalpowers.(我们观察像史蒂夫·乔布斯和鲍勃·迪伦这样的人，我们得出结论，他们一定拥有超自然的力量。)”提到像史蒂夫·乔布斯和鲍勃·迪伦这样有创造力的人一定拥有超自然的力量，后文“It’saskill.(这是一种技能。)”讲述了与前文不同的观点，提到这是一种技能，由此可知，空处应承上启下，与前文形成转折，并引出后文。A项“但创造力并不是魔法。”符合题意，后文中的It指代选项中的creativity。故选A。【17题详解】前文“Let’sstartwiththehardestproblems.(让我们从最难的问题开始。)”提到了问题，空处应与问题有关，结合后文“Scientistshavebegunstudyinghowinsightoccurs.(科学家们已经开始研究洞察力是如何产生的。)”提到的科学家在研究洞察力的产生可知，空处应是说问题与洞察力的关系，D项“这样的问题通常会在一瞬间的洞察力中得到解决。”承上启下。故选D。【18题详解】后文“ItcanbeArchimedesinthebathtuborthephysicistRichardFeynmanscribblingequationsinastripclub.(它可以是浴缸里的阿基米德，也可以是脱衣舞俱乐部里写方程式的物理学家理查德·费曼。)”提到一些在非常规地方做出重大发现的例子，G项“他们还解释了为什么重大突破会发生在最不可能的地方。”引出下文，且选项中的They指代上文中的科学家。故选G。【19题详解】前文“Ifdifferentkindsofcreativeproblemsbenefitfromdifferentkindsofcreativethinking,howcanweensurethatwe’rethinkingintherightwayattherighttime?(如果不同类型的创造性问题受益于不同类型的创新思维，那我们如何确保我们在正确的时间以正确的方式思考？)”提出了问题：如何确保在正确的时间以正确的方式思考？这里应回答前面的问题，E项“事实上，人类的头脑可以评估正确的创造力。”符合题意，且选项中的therightkindofcreativity与前文中的thinkingintherightway相照应。故选E。【20题详解】前文“SteveJobsfamouslydeclaredthat‘Creativityisjustconnectingthings’.(史蒂夫·乔布斯曾说过一句著名的话：‘创造力就是连接事物’。)”讲述了创造力就是连接事物，E项“最令人难以置信的概念是现有事物的组合。”承接上文，且选项中的combinationsofexistingstuff与前文中的connectingthings相照应。故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 ThanksgivingDaywasnear.Thefirst-gradeteachergaveherclassafunassignment—todrawapictureofsomethingforwhichtheywere___21___.Mostoftheclassmightbeconsideredeconomicallydisadvantaged,butstillmanywould___22___theholidaywithturkeyandother___23___goodiesoftheseason.These,theteacherthought,wouldbethe___24___ofmostofherstudents’art.ButDouglasmadeadifferentkindof___25___.Hewastheteacher’struechildof___26___andunhappiness.Asotherchildrenplayedatbreaks,Douglaswouldstand___27___byherside.OnecouldonlyguessatthepainDouglasfeltbehindthose___28___eyes.Yes,hispicturewasdifferent.Whenaskedtodrawapictureofsomethingforwhichhewasthankful,hedrewa___29___.Nothingelse.Hisabstractimage____30____theimaginationofhispeers.Whosehandcoulditbe?Onechildguesseditwasthehandofafarmerbecausefarmers____31____turkeys.Anothersuggesteda(n)____32____becausethepoliceprotectandcareforpeople.Andsothediscussionwenton.Whenthechildrenhadgoneontootherassignments,theteacherpausedatDouglas’desk,____33____,andaskedhimwhosehanditwas.Thelittleboylookedawayandmuttered,”It’s____34____,Madame.“Sherecalledthetimesshehadtakenhishandandwalkedwithhimhereorthere.How____35____shesaid,“Takemyhand,Douglas,we’llgooutside.”or,“Letmeshowyouhowtoholdyourpencil.”or,“Let’sdothistogether.”Brushingasideatear,shewentonwithherwork.21.A.painfulB.gratefulC.beautifulD.wonderful22.A.skipB.rememberC.celebrateD.mark23.A.traditionalB.agriculturalC.personalD.memorial24.A.subjectsB.coursesC.reasonsD.comments25.A.characterB.homeworkC.taskD.picture26.A.surpriseB.miseryC.satisfactionD.joy27.A.farB.straightC.closeD.out28.A.happyB.shinyC.sadD.broad29.A.teacherB.schoolC.figureD.hand30.A.inspiredB.matchedC.defeatedD.prevented31.A.sellB.raiseC.eatD.cook 32.A.officerB.soldierC.officialD.doctor33.A.sloweddownB.calmeddownC.tookdownD.bentdown34.A.mineB.hersC.yoursD.his35.A.pleasantlyB.normallyC.soonD.often【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.A25.D26.B27.C28.C29.D30.A31.B32.A33.D34.C35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。感恩节临近，一年级老师要求学生们画一幅关于自己感激的事物的画，学生Douglas画了一只老师的手，这让老师非常感动。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位一年级的老师给全班同学布置了一个有趣的作业，为他们感激的事物画一幅画。A.painful令人痛苦（或难过、难堪）的；B.grateful感激的；C.beautiful美丽的；D.wonderful精彩的。根据第四段中的“drawapictureofsomethingforwhichhewasthankful”可知，老师让学生画一幅关于自己感激的事物的画，这里是thankful“感激的”的同义词复现。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：班上的大多数人可能被认为在经济上处于贫困地位，但仍有许多人会用火鸡和其他当季传统美食来庆祝这个节日。A.skip略过；B.remember记得；C.celebrate庆祝；D.mark作记号。根据空后的“theholidaywithturkeyandother___3___goodiesoftheseason”可知，这里是说庆祝感恩节。故选C。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.traditional传统的；B.agricultural农业的；C.personal个人的；D.memorial纪念的，悼念的。根据and前的turkey可知，火鸡是感恩节的传统食物，结合空前的other，这里是说其他传统美食。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师认为，这些将是她学生大部分艺术的主题。A.subjects主题，绘画（或拍摄）题材；B.courses课程；C.reasons理由；D.comments评论。These指代前文中说的火鸡和其他传统美食，结合空后的“ofmostofherstudents’art”可知，老师认为这些东西会是她大部分学生绘画的主题。故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但Douglas画了一张不同的照片。A.character性格；B.homework家庭作业；C.task任务；D.picture画。根据第四段中的“hispicture”可知，这里是说Douglas的画，是picture 的原词复现。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是老师名副其实的悲惨不幸的孩子。A.surprise惊讶；B.misery悲惨；C.satisfaction满意；D.joy高兴。根据空后的“andunhappiness”，这里应用和unhappiness感情色彩一致的词，表达的是悲惨和不幸。故选B。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当其他孩子在课间休息时玩耍时，Douglas会紧紧地站在她身边。A.far远；B.straight笔直地；C.close接近地；D.out在外。根据空后的“byherside”可知，Douglas紧紧地站在老师身边。故选C。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们只能猜测Douglas在那双悲伤的眼睛背后所感受到的痛苦。A.happy高兴的；B.shiny光亮的；C.sad悲伤的；D.broad宽阔的。根据句中的“thepainDouglasfelt”可知，这里是说Douglas的眼神悲伤。故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当被要求为他感激的事物画一幅画时，他画了一只手。A.teacher老师；B.school学校；C.figure人物；D.hand手。根据下文多次提到的hand可知，这里是原词复现，Douglas画了一只手。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的抽象画激发了同龄人的想象力。A.inspired激发，引起联想；B.matched相配；C.defeated打败；D.prevented阻止。根据下文中的“Onechildguessed...”“Anothersuggested...”“thediscussionwenton”可知，这幅画引发了许多学生去猜想和讨论，所以是激发了同龄人的想象力。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个孩子猜是农民的手，因为农民养火鸡。A.sell卖；B.raise饲养；C.eat吃；D.cook烹饪。根据句中的“farmers___11___turkeys”并结合常识可知，农民饲养火鸡。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一位表示是一名警官（的手），因为警察保护和照顾人们。A.officer警察；B.soldier士兵；C.official要员，官员；D.doctor医生。根据句中的“thepolice”可知，这里是说一名警官，空处是police的同义词复现。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当孩子们继续做其他作业时，老师在Douglas 的桌子旁停了下来，弯下腰，问他是谁的手。A.sloweddown（使）放慢；B.calmeddown（使）平静；C.tookdown取下，拆掉；D.bentdown弯下身。这里是一连串动作，根据前后的“pausedatDouglas’desk”“askedhim”并结合常识，老师停在学生的书桌旁，问话时应是弯下腰耐心询问。故选D。【34题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：这是你的手，女士。A.mine我的；B.hers她的；C.yours你的；D.his他的。根据最后一段中的“shehadtakenhishand”可知，老师经常牵着Douglas的手，所以Douglas画了老师的手。故选C。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她经常说：“牵着我的手，Douglas，我们出去。”或者，“让我教你怎么拿铅笔。”或者“让我们一起做吧。”A.pleasantly令人愉快地；B.normally正常地；C.soon很快；D.often经常。根据上文“Sherecalledthetimesshehadtakenhishandandwalkedwithhimhereorthere.(她回忆起自己曾牵着他的手，与他四处散步的时候。)”可知，她不止一次牵着Douglas的手。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Qingmingis___36___occasionforChinesepeopletohonortheirlostfamilymembers.___37___(speak)ofQingming,afestivalinearlyAprilwithwarmtemperaturesandheavyrainfalls,itistherighttime___38___springsowing.Atthesametime,ChinesepeoplewillvisittombsoftheirancestorsaroundQingmingtopayrespectstothe___39___(death).Mostofthetimethewholefamilywillgotothetombswithofferings,cleanupweedsaroundthetombsandprayforfamilywellbeing.Qingming___40___(include)asaChinesepublicholidayin2008.Chinesepeoplecall___41___(they)thelatergenerationsoftheYanEmperorandYellowEmperor.AgrandceremonyisheldonQingmingeveryyeartoshowrespectfortheYellowEmperor,also___42___(know)astheXuanyuanEmperor.Onthisday,Chinesefromallovertheworldpayrespectstothisancestortogether,whichservesasa___43___(remind)oftherootsofChinesepeopleandachancetorevisitthecivilizationofourancestors.Thesetraditionsareoftenaccompaniedwithspringoutings.Thespringsunshinebringseverythingbacktolife,___44___thetimeisbesttoenjoythebeautifulscenesoutside.Themildtemperatureandfreshairare____45____(thorough)stress-relieving,makingspringoutingsanotherleisurechoiceforthosewholeadbusymodernlives.【答案】36.an37.Speaking38.for39.dead40.wasincluded41.themselves 42.known43.reminder44.and##so45.thoroughly【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了有关清明节的传统。【36题详解】考查冠词。句意：清明节是中国人民纪念逝去亲人的时刻。occasion在这里表示“适当的机会，时机”，为单数名词，这里表示泛指，且occasion的发音以元音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词an。故填an。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：说起清明节，四月初的一个节日，气温温暖，雨量充沛，正是春播的时节。分析句子结构，空处应用非谓语动词。speakingof意为“说到”，为固定用法，在句中作插入语。故填Speaking。【38题详解】考查介词。句意参考上题。itistherighttimefor...意为“正是……的时间”，为固定结构。故填for。【39题详解】考查形容词。句意：与此同时，中国人将在清明前后祭拜祖先的陵墓，向死者致敬。“the+形容词”可表示一类人，根据句意和空前的the，这里表示“死者”，所以应用形容词dead。故填dead。【40题详解】考查主谓一致、时间和语态。句意：2008年，清明节被列为中国的公共假日。空处作句子的谓语。根据时间状语“in2008”，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。主语Qingming为第三人称单数，且和include之间是动宾关系，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态，且be动词应用单数was。故填wasincluded。【41题详解】考查代词。句意：中国人称自己为炎帝和黄帝的后代。空处作call的宾语，且主语为Chinesepeople，这里表示“中国人自己”，应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。【42题详解】考查过去分词。句意：每年清明节都会举行盛大的仪式来表示对黄帝的尊敬，他也被称为轩辕帝。分析句子结构，本句是一个简单句，句子的谓语是isheld，所以空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语theYellowEmperor和know之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填known。【43题详解】考查名词。句意：在这一天，来自世界各地的华人共同向这位祖先致敬，这是对中华民族根源的提醒，也是重温祖先文明的机会。根据空前的a，这里应用名词的单数形式，reminder意为“ 引起回忆的事物，提醒人的事物”，为可数名词，符合题意。故填reminder。【44题详解】考查连词。句意：春天的阳光使一切恢复了生机，现在是欣赏外面美景的最佳时机。空处连接并列句。“春天的阳光使一切恢复了生机”和“现在是欣赏外面美景的最佳时机”是顺承或因果关系，所以可用and或so连接并列句。故填and/so。【45题详解】考查副词。句意：温和的温度和新鲜的空气彻底缓解了压力，使春游成为那些过着繁忙现代生活的人的另一种休闲选择。空处应用副词修饰stress-relieving。thoroughly意为“彻底，完全”，符合题意。故填thoroughly。第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假如你是某校学生会主席，请你以该校学生会的名义以“校园拒绝零食”为主题，根据下面的内容，给全校学生写一封倡议书，给学校英语广播节目投稿。内容如下：1.目前学校里吃零食现象的情况；2.同学们对此现象的态度；3.你的看法和建议。注意:1.词数80左右；2.开头已为你写好,不计入总词数；3.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。Dearfellowstudents,Ourschoolhasaprogramtohelpstudentsdevelopgoodhabits.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Dearfellowstudents,Ourschoolhasaprogramtohelpstudentsdevelopgoodhabits.Butthereisaseriousphenomenoninourschool—somestudentsarespendingtoomuchmoneyonsnacks.Eatingsnacksisawasteofmoney,whichisalsoabadhabitthatweshouldgetridof.Inaddition,mostsnackshavetoomuchfatandsugar.Weallagreethateating toomuchoftheunhealthyfoodmayleadtobeingoverweightanddiseases.Whatisworse,somestudentsthrowthewrapperseverywhere,whichmakesamajorityofstudentsunhappy.Ashighschoolstudents,weshouldn’tactlikechildrenanymore.Dearfellowstudents,let’sformgoodeatinghabitsandsaynotosnacks!【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给全校学生写一封倡议书，陈述目前学校里吃零食现象的情况以及同学们对此现象的态度，并提出看法和建议。【详解】1.词汇积累养成好习惯：developgoodhabits→form/getintogoodhabits摆脱：getridof→shakeoff/ridoneselfof此外：inaddition→besides/what’smore/furthermore导致：leadto→resultin/cause2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：Eatingsnacksisawasteofmoney,whichisalsoabadhabitthatweshouldgetridof.拓展句：Eatingsnackswastesmoney,whichisalsoabadhabitthatweshouldshakeoff.【点睛】【高分句型1】Eatingsnacksisawasteofmoney,whichisalsoabadhabitthatweshouldgetridof.(使用了动名词短语作主语、which引导非限制性定语从句和that引导限制性定语从句)【高分句型2】Weallagreethateatingtoomuchoftheunhealthyfoodmayleadtobeingoverweightanddiseases.(使用了that引导宾语从句、动名词短语作主语和宾语)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。AnabandoneddogstoppedatthefrontdooroftheLaceys’smallhouse,waggingitstail,tremblingwithshynessandcold.DorisLacey,whoseschoolhadbeencalledoffbecauseofthesnow,spottedthecreatureandimmediatelywentuptomeetit.“Wheredidthatcomefrom?”Mrs.LaceyaskedassoonasDorisputthedogdowninthekitchen.Mr.Laceywasatthetable,cleaninghisfingernails.“Idon’tknowwhereitcamefrom,”hesaidmildly,“butIknowforsurewhereit’sgoing.”Dorishuggedthedoghardagainsther.Shesaidnothing.Becauseofthesnow,theroadswouldbetoobadfortravelformanydays.Mr.Laceycouldn’tgetouttotakethedogtotheanimalshelterinthecityrightaway.HeagreedtoletitsleepinthebasementwhileMrs.Lacey unwillinglyletDorisfeeditleftoverfood.Fourdayspassedandthedogdidnotcomplain.Itnevercriedinthenightorbarkedatthewind.Itdidn’ttearupeverythinginthebasement.Itwouldn’tevenfollowDorisupthebasementstepsunlessitwasinvited.Itwasagooddog.SeveraltimesDorishadopenedthedoorinthekitchenthatledtothebasementandthepuppyhadbeenthere,allstretchedout,onthetopstep.Dorisknewithadwantedsomecompanyandthatithadlainagainstthedoor,listeningtothetalkinthekitchen,smellingthefood,beingapartofthings.Italwayswaggeditstail,eyesallsleepy,whenshefounditthere.Evenafteraweekhadgoneby,Dorisdidn’tnamethedog.Sheknewherparentswouldn’tletherkeepit,thatherfathermadesolittlemoneyandanypetswereoutofthequestion,andthatthedogwoulddefinitelygototheshelterwhentheweathercleared.Still,shetriedtalkingtothemaboutthedogatdinneronenight.“She’sagooddogandnotmuchtrouble,right?”Dorissaid,hopingoneofthemwouldagreewithher.ButMr.Laceyshookhishead,“Youknowwecan’taffordadog,Doris.Youtrytoactmoregrown-upaboutthis.”Dorisfellsilent,prayingtheweatherwouldneverclear.注意:1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。However,thesunwasshiningthenextmorning.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Laterthatafternoon,Mr.Laceycamebackwiththesamedog.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】However,thesunwasshiningthenextmorning.Doriswassittingaloneinthelivingroomtryingnot tocry,butshewasnotstrongenough.Herfacewaswetandred,hereyesfullofdepression.Outside,sheheardthetrunkofthecarslamshut,oneofthedoorsopenandclose,theoldenginecoughandchokeandfinallystartup.Hearingthecartraveldowntheroad,shecoulddonothingbutcryherselftosleep,andherdreamswerefullofsearchingandsearchingforthingslost.LaterthatafternoonMr.Laceycamebackwiththesamedog.Dorisputherhandtohermouth.Shecouldn’tbelievehereyes.“Youdidn’ttakeheraway?”sheasked.“Idid,”herfatheranswered.“TheworstlookingplaceI’veeverseen.Tendogsinacage.Smellwasenoughtoknockyoudown.Andtheygiveananimalsixdaystolive.Thentheykillitwithsomekindofashot.Iwouldn’tleaveanantinthatplace,soIbroughtthedogback.”Dorisexcitedlyrantoherfatherandgavehimasuperbighug.Whatanunexpectedsurpriseitis!【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。DorisLacey在家门口捡到一只流浪狗，父母都不同意在家里养它，但因为下雪路滑，爸爸同意小狗住在地下室。小狗在地下室很乖，DorisLacey对它产生了感情，想要养它，但是她知道她家里的经济条件无法养它。天气好的时候，爸爸把小狗送收容所了，DorisLacey很伤心，但没想到后来爸爸又带着小狗回来了。【详解】1.段落续写：由续写第一段首句内容“然而，第二天早上阳光明媚。”可知，第一段可以描写爸爸要把小狗送走了，Doris虽然不舍但也没办法留下它，只能独自伤心。由续写第二段首句内容“当天下午晚些时候，Lacey先生带着同一只狗回来了。”可知，第二段可以描写爸爸带小狗回来后Doris的惊喜，以及爸爸解释没把小狗留在收容所的原因。2.续写线索：天气转晴——Doris因无法留下小狗而努力压抑自己的情绪——爸爸开车带小狗离开——Doris终于忍不住哭了起来——爸爸带着小狗回来——爸爸解释了原因——Doris感到惊喜3.词汇激活：行为类①除了做……外无能为力：coulddonothingbutdo…/couldn’tdoanythingbutdo…②搜寻：searchfor/insearchof③把……带走：takeaway/sendaway④击倒：knockdown/knockover情绪类①沮丧：depression/frustration/gloom②兴奋地：excitedly/inexcitement/thrilledly 【点睛】【高分句型1】Herfacewaswetandred,hereyesfullofdepression.(使用了“名词+形容词短语”独立主格结构)【高分句型2】Hearingthecartraveldowntheroad,shecoulddonothingbutcryherselftosleep,andherdreamswerefullofsearchingandsearchingforthingslost.(使用了现在分词短语作时间状语、省略不定式符号to的结构coulddonothingbutdo和动名词作宾语)听力1~5BCABA6~10BCBCA11~15CABCA16~20BBCCA