Unit4 Don’t eat in class第2课时SectionAGrammarFocus_3c课件（人教新目标版）

SectionAGrammarFocus-3cUnit4Don’teatinclass.初中英语七年级下册RJ Grammar:①祈使句(重点为否定结构)②情态动词can表“许可”的用法(肯定及否定陈述，一般疑问句结构及肯定和否定回答)③情态动词must的句型结构(仅限肯定陈述)④情态动词haveto的句型结构(肯定及否定陈述，一般疑问结构及肯定和否定回答)Learninggoals Minesweeping扫雷游戏单词下埋着6颗雷，学生选择单词并读出，如果单词下没有雷则可得分，如果有，则不得分。GametimeWarmingup 113312222wearfightbequietschooluniformsorrydininghallbringmusthavetodon’tschoolruleseatinclass 131142runinthehallwaysarrivelateforclasslistentoontimeoutsideimportanthallcan InclassWecan’t_____________.Wemust_____________.Wehaveto___________.Brainstorm AtschoolWecan’t_____________.Wemust_____________.Wehaveto___________. AthomeIcan’t_____________.Imust_____________.Ihaveto___________. Howtotalkaboutrules? Don’truninthehallways.Don’tfight.Whataretherules?Wemustbeontimeforclass.Canweeatintheclassroom?No,wecan’t,butwecaneatinthedininghall.Canwewearahatinclass?Yes,wecan./No,wecan’t.Doeshehavetowearauniformatschool?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.Whatdoyouhavetodo?Wehavetobequietinthelibrary.Readandobservethischart.GrammarFocus 祈使句的否定句怎样构成？肯定句呢？一般在什么情况下会用祈使句？情态动词在用法上有什么共同点？can在本单元主要表示什么含义？它还可表达什么意思？haveto在句法上与其他情态动词有何区别？Workinpairsandanswerthequestions. Don’truninthehallways.Don’tfight.Whataretherules?Wemustbeontimeforclass.Canweeatintheclassroom?No,wecan’t,butwecaneatinthedininghall.Canwewearahatinclass?Yes,wecan./No,wecan’t.Doeshehavetowearauniformatschool?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.Whatdoyouhavetodo?Wehavetobequietinthelibrary. 祈使句的否定句怎样构成？肯定句呢？祈使句的否定句在动词原形前加don’t，表示“不要做什么事”。祈使句的肯定句通常是以动词原形开头的。 Don’truninthehallways.Don’tfight.Whataretherules?Wemustbeontimeforclass.Canweeatintheclassroom?No,wecan’t,butwecaneatinthedininghall.Canwewearahatinclass?Yes,wecan./No,wecan’t.Doeshehavetowearauniformatschool?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.Whatdoyouhavetodo?Wehavetobequietinthelibrary.一般在什么情况下会用祈使句？祈使句一般用于上级对下级，长辈对晚辈之间，表示命令、劝说或警告，也可表示请求。 情态动词在用法上有什么共同点？can,must,haveto后接动词原形。Don’truninthehallways.Don’tfight.Whataretherules?Wemustbeontimeforclass.Canweeatintheclassroom?No,wecan’t,butwecaneatinthedininghall.Canwewearahatinclass?Yes,wecan./No,wecan’t.Doeshehavetowearauniformatschool?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.Whatdoyouhavetodo?Wehavetobequietinthelibrary. can在本单元主要表示什么含义？它还可表达什么意思？can在本单元的主要意义是“能够；允许”，还可表示“能力”。Don’truninthehallways.Don’tfight.Whataretherules?Wemustbeontimeforclass.Canweeatintheclassroom?No,wecan’t,butwecaneatinthedininghall.Canwewearahatinclass?Yes,wecan./No,wecan’t.Doeshehavetowearauniformatschool?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.Whatdoyouhavetodo?Wehavetobequietinthelibrary. haveto在句法上与其他情态动词有何区别？haveto有人称和数的变化。Don’truninthehallways.Don’tfight.Whataretherules?Wemustbeontimeforclass.Canweeatintheclassroom?No,wecan’t,butwecaneatinthedininghall.Canwewearahatinclass?Yes,wecan./No,wecan’t.Doeshehavetowearauniformatschool?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.Whatdoyouhavetodo?Wehavetobequietinthelibrary. 祈使句一般用来表示请求、命令、劝说、号召、警告等。在祈使句中，通常省略主语you，其肯定形式以动词原形开头，否定形式是在动词原形前加don’t。祈使句句尾用句号或感叹号，读时用降调。为表示礼貌，可以在句首或句尾加上please。句末用please时，前面通常加逗号。语法概述 肯定句：动词原形(+宾语)+其他.否定句：Don’t+动词原形(+宾语)+其他.Weartheschooluniformonweekdays,please.上学日请穿校服。Don’twatchTVbeforedinner.晚饭前不要看电视。Do型祈使句的构成 肯定句：Be+表语+其他.否定句：Don’t+be+表语+其他.Becarefulnexttime.下次要细心。Don’tbelateforschool!上学不要迟到!Be型祈使句的构成更多讲解详见英语RJ七下《教材帮》Unit4语法帮 肯定句：Letsb.dosth.+其他.否定句：Don’t+letsb.dosth.+其他.或Letsb.notdosth.+其他.Let’shavearest.咱们休息一下吧。Don’tlethimgoswimming.=Lethimnotgoswimming.不要让他去游泳。Let型祈使句的构成 其他类型的否定祈使句(1)No+v-ing!/No+名词!Nofishing!禁止钓鱼!Noparking!禁止停车!Nophotos!禁止拍照!(2)never代替don’t来加强语气。Nevergiveup!决不放弃! 情态动词haveto与must语法示例Wemustbeontime.我们必须准时。Doeshehavetowearauniformatschool?他在学校必须穿校服吗？Hehastoliveatschoolbecausehishomeisfarawayfromschool.他不得不住校，因为他家离学校很远。GrammarFocus 二者均可表示“必须”，其后均接动词原形。It’stoolate.Ihavetotakeataxi.太晚了，我必须乘出租车。Imustgonow.我必须现在就走。haveto与must的共同点 haveto与must的不同点haveto强调因客观因素影响而不得不做某事，跟主观意愿无关，通常上下文中会有暗示客观因素的句子，多译为“不得不”。must表示因主观需要或责任感的驱使而有必要或义务去做某事，多译为“必须”。 haveto可用于不同的时态，有人称和数的变化，其一般现在时的第三人称单数形式为hasto；过去式为hadto。must一般只用来表示现在，没有人称和数的变化。 havetohaveto的否定形式为don’t/doesn’t/didn’thaveto，表示“不必”。mustmust的否定形式为mustn’t，表示“禁止，不准“。 Hehastoleaveschoolbecausehisfamilyispoor.因为家里穷，他不得不退学。(受客观因素影响)Wemustdosomethingaboutit.关于这件事我们必须做点什么。(责任感的驱使)【拓展】以must开头的一般疑问句的肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t或don’thaveto。—MustIleavenow?我现在必须离开吗？—Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t(don’thaveto).是的，你必须。/不，你不必。 Lookatthepicturesin3aandanswerthequestions.12341.Whatcan’tstudentsdoinpicture2?2.Canwetalkloudly/eat/listentomusic/takephotosinthelibrary?3.Wherecanyouseethesesigns? 3aWritetherulesfortheschoollibrary.LibraryRules1.____________________________2.____________________________3.____________________________4.____________________________Don’ttalk.1234Don’teatinthelibrary.Don’tlistentomusicinthelibrary.Don’ttakephotosinthelibrary. Q:__________________________________(he/haveto/inthedininghall)?A:__________________________________3bUsethewordstomakequestionsabouttherules.Thenwriteanswersaccordingtoyourschool.Q:Doesshehavetobequietinthelibrary?(she/haveto/inthelibrary)?A:Yes,shedoes.Bequiet?Doeshehavetoeatinthedininghall?Yes,hedoes.Eat? Q:_________________________________(we/can/inthehallways)?A:_________________________________Listentomusic?Canwelistentomusicinthehallways?No,wecan’t.Wearahat?Q:_________________________________(we/can/intheclassroom)?A:_________________________________Canwewearahatintheclassroom?No,wecan’t. wearahat?Listentomusic?Eat?Dowehaveanylibraryrulesinourschool?Askandanswerinpairs.Doyouhaveto...inthelibrary?Yes,.../No,...Bequiet? thestudents/haveto/cleanclassroom/everydayshe/haveto/beathome/atfiveo’clockshe/haveto/domorningreading/everydaywe/can/arriveatschool/lateMakemoreconversationsusingthesewords. 3cMakeupfivecoolrulesforyourdreamschool.Shareyourruleswiththeclass.YourclassmatesvotefortheCoolestSchool!1.Wecaneatinclass.2.Wedon’thavetocometoschooleveryday.3....Atmydreamschool,wedon’thavetocometoschooleveryday.We... 一、单项选择1.David,_______maketroubleatschool.can’tB.don’tC.doesn’t2.—Mom,canIplaycomputergamesthisevening?—_______yourhomeworkfirst,andthenwe’lltalkaboutit.A.FinishingB.FinishC.TofinishD.FinishedBBExercises 3.Buses_______stopwhenthetrafficlightsturnred.A.canB.mayC.mustC4.Weshouldkeepquietinthelibrary.We_____speakloudly(大声地).A.mustB.mustn’tC.canD.needn’tB 5.I_____gonow,orI’llmissmytrain.A.canB.mightC.mustD.could6.He_____stayathome,becauseit’srainingoutside.A.havetoB.hastoC.mustD.can’tBC 二、句型转换（每空一词）1.Talkinclass.(改为否定句)____________inclass.2.Ihavetodomyhomeworkafterschool.(对画线部分提问)____________you__________________afterschool?Don’ttalkWhatdohavetodo 3.Wehavetolistentotheteacher.(改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答)______we____________listentotheteacher?______,we______.DohavetoYesdo 4.Shehastoweartheuniformatschool.(改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答)_____she_____toweartheuniformatschool?_____,she_____.5.Wecanruninthehallways.(改为否定句)We_____runinthehallways.YesdoesDoeshavecan’t ①祈使句(肯定及否定结构)②情态动词can表“许可”的用法(肯定及否定陈述，一般疑问句结构及肯定和否定回答)③情态动词must的句型结构(仅限肯定陈述)④情态动词haveto的句型结构(肯定及否定陈述，一般疑问结构及肯定和否定回答)SummaryGrammar 学校组建了一个音乐俱乐部，现在向全体同学征求俱乐部规则，请用英语写出你的合理建议，至少五条。Homework