山东省烟台市招远第一中学2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期中考试试题（Word版附解析）

高二英语注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后,只交答题卡。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatmightthemanwantforsupper?A.Seafood.B.Steak.C.Noodles.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Alice,it’salreadydark.I’mstarving.Whatkindoffoodareyouinthemoodfor?W:I’dlovesomesteak.M:Hmm.Iusedtobeintonoodles,butnowI’mcrazyaboutseafood.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthewomanconcernedabout?A.Catchingacold.B.Losinghersweater.C.Standinginalongline.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:ShouldIbringasweatertotheconcert?Idon’twanttogetcoldwhilewearestandinginline.-35- M:No.Youwon’thaveanywheretoputitoncewegetinside,andIdon’twantittogetlost.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inagym.B.Inanoffice.C.Inaclassroom.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:YouarelateforEnglishclassagain,youngman.Can’tyoujustmakeitherebythetimethebellrings?M:I’msorry,ma’am.Mygymclassisontheothersideofthebuilding.I’lltrytogethereearliernexttime.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthepriceofthedayflight?A.$360.B.$400.C.$410.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:I’dliketobookatickettoNewYorkonFlight450thismorning.M:I’msorry.Thedayflightisfullnow.Youonlypay$360ifyoutakethenightflight.Youcansave40dollars.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanthinkofthestory?A.Itistoohardtounderstand.B.Thebeginningisconfusing.C.Thewritertellsthestorywell.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Doyouthinkthisisagoodstory?M:WhatIdon’tunderstandisthebeginning.W:Youmeanit’stoodifficult?M:No,butIdon’tknowwhatthewriterwantstotellus.-35- 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,“每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.What’swrongwiththeboys?A.Theylostacamera.B.Theygotsick.C.Theywastedmoney.7.Whatisthefamilyprobablygoingtodotomorrow?A.Goshopping.B.Gotoabank.C.Haveabirthdayparty.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】W:Hello.Jeanspeaking.M:Oh,it’syou,dear.SorryIhadtorushoffthismorning.Howaretheboys?W:I’mtakingthemtothedoctorat10:00,butI’msurethey’regoingtobeallright.M:That’sgood.Whataboutyou?W:Oh,I’mbetternow.Don’tworry.I’mgoingtomakeabirthdaycakefortomorrow’sparty.AndI’veboughtacameraforPeterandsomerecordsforPaul.M:Youshouldn’thavedonethat.Theyneedtolearnhowtosavemoney.I’mgoingtoputawaysomemoneyinthebankforthem.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatjobisthewomanapplyingfor?A.Agardener.B.Anurse.C.Ateacher.9.Howmanyhourswillthewomanworkperday?A.Two.B.Four.C.Six.【答案】8.C9.B【解析】【原文】M:Wouldyoupleasetellmewhyyouwanttoworkinourkindergarten?Takingcareofkidsissometimesverytiring.-35- W:IlovechildrenIlovetosingtothemandteachthemhowtodance.M:Thenyouhaveworkedinakindergartenbefore?W:No,butIusedtotakecareofmysister’schildrenduringmysummerandwinterholidays.M:Isee.Bytheway,doyouwanttoworkpart-timeorfull-time?W:I’dpreferpart-time.M:Whenareyouabletowork?W:I’mfreeeveryafternoon.So,Icanworkabout20hoursaweek.M:OK.You’rehired.Youcanworkfrom2:00p.m.to6:00p.m.,MondaytoThursday.W:OK.Thankyou.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatdaymightitbeyesterday?A.Monday.B.Tuesday.C.Saturday.11.Whatdidthewomandoafterhearingthenoiselastnight?A.Shewenttosleep.B.Sheturnedthelighton.C.Shewentupforalook12.Whoisthewomanprobablytalkingto?A.Aneighbor.B.Herhusband.C.Apoliceman.【答案】10.C11.A12.C【解析】【原文】M:Whatwereyoudoingattwelvelastnight?W:Iwasplayingcardswithmykidsinthelivingroom.M:Doyourkidsalwaysgotobedthatlate?W:Notonweekdays.M:Wasn’tyourhusbandwithyouthen?W:HewasonbusinessinSeattle.HewillbebacknextTuesday.M:Didanythingunusualhappen?W:Thelightsuddenlywentoutwhilewewereplaying.Weremainedsilentatthetableforsometime.Afterawhile,weallheardglassbreakingsomewhereonthefloorabove.M:Doyoumeanawindow?-35- W:I’mnotsurewhetheritwasawindoworaglassorsomethingelse.M:Didanyofyouhearacryorafight?Didyoueverconsidergoingupforalook?W:Wewerefrightenedatthebeginning,andthenweallwenttobedonceitwasquietallaround.M:OK.Thankyou.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Wheredidthemangoonholiday?A.Paris.B.Bali.C.London.14.Whatdidthemandoonthefirstdayofhisholiday?A.Goswimming.B.Goboating.C.Playvolleyball.15.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Colleagues.C.Fellowtravelers.16.Howdidthemanprobablyfeelwhenhevisitedthesmallisland?A.Tired.B.Excited.C.Disappointed.【答案】13.B14.A15.A16.B【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Terry,nicetomeetyouagainaftertheEasterholiday.M:Hello,Mia.I’vejustreturnedtoLondon.W:Anyway,wheredidyougoonholiday?M:Well,IwenttoBali.It’sawonderfulplacewithbeautifulbeachesandscenery.W:Itsoundsgreat.Whatdidyoudothere?M:MyfamilyandIspentfournightsthere.Wehadagreatvacation.Onthefirstday,Iswamandwentsurfing.IalsoplayedfootballinthesandwithmybrotherandsomeIndians.Tomysurprise,Ialsometourhistoryteacher.Hewasplayingvolleyballthere.W:Wow.Whatasmallworld!Whatelsedidyoudothere?M:ThenextmorningIvisitedanothersmallislandaroundBalionaboat.Itwasagreatexperiencetoseemanybeautifulplacesandhaveatalkwithtouriststhere.W:WhatdidyoudobeforeyouleftBali?M:Onthelastday,Iwenttotheshopsthere.Iboughtsomeshirts,shorts,andalsotraditionalclothes.Unfortunately,Icouldn’taffordtobuyasurfboard.-35- W:Well,IhopeIcanalsogotheresomeday.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WhydidthepostofficeinGuyanaprinttheirownspecialstamps?A.Theywantedtomakemoremoney.B.Theyhadonlyafewusualstampsleft.C.Therewereno1-centor4-centstampsthen.18.Howmuchwasthel-centstampsoldforin1980?A.Afewdollars.B.Seventhousanddollars.C.Sevenmilliondollars.19.Whyarestampswithmistakessovaluable?A.Theyareverylimited.B.Theyareverybeautiful.C.Theyweremadelongago.20.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thehistoryofthestamps.B.Thingslearnedfromstamps.C.Reasonsforcollectingstamps.【答案】17.B18.C19.A20.C【解析】【原文】M:Peoplecollectstampsformanyreasons.Somelikethefunandexcitementoffindinganunusualorvaluablestamp.In1856,thepostofficeinGuyanafoundthattheyhadonlyafewstampsleft.Sotheyprintedtheirownspecial1-centand4-centstampsandusedthemuntiltheusualstampsarrived.In1873,aschoolboyfoundthelastoneofthosespecial1-centstamps.Hesoldittoacollectorforafewdollars.In1980,thesamestampwassoldinNewYorkforsevenmilliondollars.Collectorsalsolikestampswithmistakes,becausetheyaresometimesveryvaluable.Usually,theyareonlyusedforaveryshorttime.Whenthemistakeisfound,newstampsaremade.Therearenotmanystampswithmistakes,butmanycollectorswouldliketoownone.Thatiswhystampswithmistakesaresovaluable.Wecanlearnalotfromstamps.Theycanmakeschoolsubjectsinteresting.Picturesaboutthehistoryofdifferentcountriesareshownonstamps.Youcanalsofindoutaboutfamouseventsandpeople.-35- 第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWelcometoIceland!Ihopethatyourtripwillbepleasantandthat__________willhelpyouduringyourstay.Itincludesveryimportantinformationyoumightfindusefulforyourtravelandwehopeyouwillenjoyit.Icelandisbecomingaverypopularplacetovisitallyearroundandwearenotsurprised.Thecountrywithitsspectacular,unspoiled,fragileandrawnature,hotsprings,icebergsandwaterfallsisafeastfortheeyesbothduringsummerandwinter.Ourhistoryandcultureisyoungcomparedtomostothercountries.Wespeakourownlanguage,Icelandic,whichduetothecountry’sisolationinthepast,hasbeenverywellpreserved.DrivinginIcelandcanbeabitdifferentfrommanyothercountries.Wedohaveanumberofgravelroads,singlelanebridges,narrowroads,roughmountainroadswithunbridgedrivers,animalstocknearorontheroadandweatherconditionscanchangequickly.ThereforedrivinginIcelandneedsyourfullcareduringyourstaybecausewewantyoubacksafeandhappy.Wekindlyaskyoutohelpusimproveourqualitybygivingusfeedbackonhowwearedoingandwhatwecandobetter.Notlessimportantly,weaskyoutohelpuspreservetheIcelandicnaturewhichcanbeveryfragile.Off-roaddrivingisstrictlyforbiddenandpleasedonotlitter.Incaseoftrouble,accidentorbreakdownpleasedon’thesitatetocontactouremergencyphonenumbers840-6010forsouthandwestIceland,or840-6000fornorthandeastIcelandoroneofourmanylocationsaroundthecountryandwewilldoourverybesttohelpyoutosafelycontinueyourjourney.ItrustthatyourtravelinIcelandwillbecomfortableandpleasant.Iwishyouasafejourney.21.WhichofthefollowingstatementsmightbemostsuitablefortheblankinParagraph1?-35- A.ourtravelagencymagazineB.thisnewspaperarticleC.thetrafficregulationsD.policetravelguides22.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutIceland?A.TravellinginIcelandisonlypopularinsummerandwinter.B.Thecountryisnotmuchvisitedbecauseofitsspeciallanguage.C.TravelerscanenjoynicefoodwhentravellinginIceland.D.AtravelercanbothhavehotandcoldexperiencesinIceland.23.WhatcanatravelerdoifhiscarsuddenlybreaksdowninwestIcelandaccordingtothepassage?A.Hemayhavehiscarrepaired.B.Hemaycall840-6010forhelp.C.Hemaypushhiscarofftheroad.D.Hemaydriveintheotherdirection.【答案】21.A22.D23.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍在冰岛旅游的一些重要有用的信息，比如冰岛的概况，开车情况，环境保护以及求助等。【21题详解】推理判断题。由第一段的最后一句“Itincludesveryimportantinformationyoumightfindusefulforyourtravelandwehopeyouwillenjoyit.”可知，它包括了非常重要的信息，你可能会发现这些信息对你的旅行有用，并且我们希望你能喜欢它。it指代的是空格处，表达的是对旅行信息的介绍。由此可见，it应该是旅行社杂志。结合选项可知，选项A正确。【22题详解】细节理解题。由第二段的第二句“Thecountrywithitsspectacular,unspoiled,fragileandrawnature,hotsprings,icebergsandwaterfallsisafeastfortheeyesbothduringsummerandwinter.”可知，在夏天和冬天期间都可以一览这个国家壮丽而又未受破坏但却脆弱的原生态自然，以及温泉，冰山和瀑布景观。由此可见，旅行者在冰岛可以体验到冷和热。结合选项可知，选项D正确。【23题详解】细节理解题。由第五段的前半部分“Incaseoftrouble,accidentorbreakdownpleasedon’thesitatetocontactouremergencyphonenumbers840-6010forsouthandwestIceland”可知，万一遇到困难，事故或者故障，在冰岛南部和西部的，请不要犹豫联系我们的紧急电话840-6010。由此可见，如果-35- 旅行者在冰岛西部他的车突然发生故障了，他可以拨打840-6010求助。结合选项可知，选项B正确。BTiredofworkinginITandstayingthesameinAustralia,PauloCattaneodecidedtomakeachange.In2015hestartedastrictbudgetsohecouldsaveupenoughmoneytobuyhisdreamKTM1190motorbike,acamera,andenoughfundstosupporthimselfforafewyears.Thenhegaveuphisjob,packedhisthings,andsetoffonanadventure,travellingtheworldonhismotorbike.Paulo,39,hasspentthelastfouryearsbikingthroughAustralia,SouthAmerica,NorthAmerica,andEurope,ridingupto12hoursadayandspendinghisnightsinhistentunderthestars.“AustraliaformewasmyfirstexperienceridinglongdistanceandIwasmind-blownbythebeautyoftheoldcontinent.”Paulowroteonhistraveljournal,“TravelingthroughLatinAmerica,IexploredtherainforestandlearnedSpanishandPortuguese.MexicohassomeofthebestfoodIeverhadandPeruisaninterestingplacewhereIcanenjoytheuniquelocalIndianculture,alsocalledIncacivilization.”Paulohasmanagedtokeephistravelsgoingbykeepinghisbudgettight,sohehasn’thadtogetajobforhistravels.Tokeepcostslow,heseldomlookedforaccommodationinhotelsandwentcampinginstead.Thankfully,themotorbike,whichPauloboughtsecondhandinAustralia,hasnotrequiredanymajorrepairssincehesetoff.Thejourneyisn’talwayseasy,butPaulohasneverlookedback.Sadly,theCovid-19pandemicputastoptohistravelsinGreecewhenhetraveledaroundEurope,andPaulohashadtospendthelastfewmonthsinItaly,hishomeland.Oncetheworldisbackupandrunning,heplanstoreturntolifeontheroadandexploreAsiaandAfrica.24.WhatdidPaulobegintodoin2015?A.Changehisjobtoliveabetterlife.B.Traveltheworldonhismotorbike.C.Collectenoughmoneytobuyacar.D.Prepareforhistriparoundtheworld.25.Whatisnotmentionedinparagraph2?A.Thewaytotravel.B.Thelastdestinationoftravel.C.Theplaceshe’dbeento.D.Theaccommodationoftravel.26.WhatcanweknowaboutPauloduringhistrip?A.HeenjoyedthebestfoodinPeru.B.Hegotajobtosupporthistravel.C.Themotorbikeoftentroubledhim.D.TheviewinAustraliaattractedhim.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?-35- A.Paulowasgladtoreturntohishomeland.B.Paulohadtofindaccommodationinhotel.C.TheCovid-19couldn’tstopPaulo’sdream.D.BeingalonewasachallengeduringPaulo’strip.【答案】24.D25.B26.D27.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了PauloCattaneo放弃工作，骑着摩托车环游世界的经历，虽然他的冒险旅程因为新冠疫情而不得不中断，但是他从未放弃他的冒险梦。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“In2015hestartedastrictbudgetsohecouldsaveupenoughmoneytobuyhisdreamKTM1190motorbike,acamera,andenoughfundstosupporthimselfforafewyears.(2015年，他开始严格控制预算，以便攒够钱买他梦寐以求的KTM1190摩托车、一台相机，以及足够养活自己几年的资金)”可知，2015年Paulo已经开始为自己的环球旅行攒钱，用于购买设备以及未来几年的生活费，此时的他是在为环球旅行做准备。故选D项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thenhegaveuphisjob,packedhisthings,andsetoffonanadventure,travellingtheworldonhismotorbike.Paulo,39,hasspentthelastfouryearsbikingthroughAustralia,SouthAmerica,NorthAmerica,andEurope,ridingupto12hoursadayandspendinghisnightsinhistentunderthestars.(然后，他放弃了工作，收拾好行李，开始了一段冒险旅程，骑着摩托车环游世界。保罗今年39岁，在过去的四年里，他每天骑行12个小时，穿越澳大利亚、南美、北美和欧洲，晚上在他的帐篷里星空下度过)”可知，Paulo的旅行方式为骑摩托车，他曾经去过的地方包括澳大利亚、南美、北美和欧洲，每天的旅行安排为骑行12小时，并没有讲到他旅行最后的目的地。故选B项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“’AustraliaformewasmyfirstexperienceridinglongdistanceandIwasmind-blownbythebeautyoftheoldcontinent.’Paulowroteonhistraveljournal(“澳大利亚对我来说是我第一次长途骑行，我被古老大陆的美丽所震撼。”Paulo在他的旅行日记中写道)”可知，澳大利亚的美丽风景震撼了Paulo，Paulo为之深深吸引了。故选D项。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Sadly,theCovid-19pandemicputastoptohistravelsinGreecewhenhetraveledaroundEurope,andPaulohashadtospendthelastfewmonthsinItaly,hishomeland.Oncethe-35- worldisbackupandrunning,heplanstoreturntolifeontheroadandexploreAsiaandAfrica.(不幸的是，当他在欧洲旅行时，Covid-19大流行中断了他在希腊的旅行，Paulo不得不在过去几个月里呆在他的祖国意大利。一旦世界恢复正常运转，他计划回到在路上的生活，探索亚洲和非洲)”可知，Covid-19并没有使Paulo放弃他的环球旅行梦。故选C项。CMedhaGuptasometimesfeltworriedmakingthe20-minutewalkfromthecornerwheretheschoolbusdroppedherofftoherhomeinHerndon,Va.—especiallyduringthecoldermonthsinwinter.Hermother,DivyaGuptahadasuggestion:writeanapp.Shewashalf-kidding,butMedhatookthechallengeseriously.Soshewenttowork.TheresultwasSafeTravel,anappdesignedbyMedhatohelpwalkersfeelmoresecurewhentravellingalone.UsingtheiPhone,apersoncanprogramittosendawarningtosomeoneheorshetrustsifheorshefailstoarriveatadestinationwithinacertaintime.ItwasthefirstiOSappthatMedhahadcreated.Whileshedidn’tthinkmuchwouldcomefromtheproject,hereffortcaughttheeyeofjudgesfortheannualCongressionalAppChallenge,whoselectedherasthewinnerforVirginia’s10thDistrict.TheAppChallengeisdesignedtoencouragestudentstoconsidercareersinscience,technology,engineering,andmathbyexperimentingwithcodingandcomputerscience.WinningstudentsareinvitedtoattendareceptiononCapitolHillinAprilandalsoreceived$250inAmazonWebServicecredits.Medhasaidittookherabout40hourstodesign,programandtesttheapp.Asforhernextapp?Medha’snotcertain.Shetemporarilyhasherapp-developmentambitionsonholdbecauseshe’sbusyteachingherselfartificialintelligencetohelpdealwithimproperwordsonFacebook.Yes,sheknowsthatthereareteamsofengineersprobablydoingthesamething.Butshefiguresitcan’thurtherownpart,too.“Ifweseesomethingwrongwiththeworld,weshoulddosomethingaboutit,”shesaid.“Afterall,theonlyonestoppingusfromdoingsomethingisourselves.”28.WhydidMedhaGuptafeelworried?A.Ittookalongtimetowalkhome.B.Itwascolderthaneverinwinter.C.Itwasunsafetowalkhomealone.D.Itwasdifficulttowriteanapp.29.WhatisMedha’sattitudetohermother’ssuggestion?-35- A.Curious.B.Sensitive.C.Uncertain.D.Optimistic.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“onhold”inParagraph6mean?A.Delayed.B.Developed.C.Suspected.D.Satisfied.31.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.MedharegisteredfortheAppChallenge.B.MedhadesignedSafeTravelsuccessfully.C.TheAppChallengedirectsstudentstochoosecareers.D.Anappguideswalkershome.【答案】28C29.D30.A31.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了MedhaGupta设计了一款名为“安全旅行”的应用，它可以帮助行人在独自旅行时感到更安全。这款应用参加了应用程序挑战赛并成为获胜者。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“MedhaGuptasometimesfeltworriedmakingthe20-minutewalkfromthecornerwheretheschoolbusdroppedherofftoherhomeinHerndon,Va.—especiallyduringthecoldermonthsinwinter.(MedhaGupta有时会担心从校车停在的街角走20分钟到她在赫恩登的家——尤其是在寒冷的冬天。)”以及第三段中“TheresultwasSafeTravel,anappdesignedbyMedhatohelpwalkersfeelmoresecurewhentravellingalone.(结果就是Medha设计的一款名为“安全旅行”的应用，它可以帮助行人在独自旅行时感到更安全。)”可知，MedhaGupta会感到担心是因为独自走回家不安全。故选C。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Hermother,DivyaGuptahadasuggestion:writeanapp.Shewashalf-kidding,butMedhadidn’ttakethechallengelightly.Soshesetouttowork.(她的母亲DivyaGupta提出了一个建议：编写一个应用程序。但梅达认真对待这个挑战，但Medha并没有轻易接受这个挑战。于是她开始工作。)”可推知，Medha对母亲的建议持乐观态度。故选D。【30题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“becauseshe’sbusyteachingherselfartificialintelligencetohelpdealwithimproperwordsonFacebook.(因为她正忙着自学人工智能来帮助处理Facebook上的不当词汇。)”可知，Medha因为正忙着自学人工智能，帮助自己处理Facebook上的不当言论，所以让-35- 开发应用程序的雄心推迟了。划线词onhold意思是“推迟”。A.Delayed.推迟；B.Developed.发展；C.Suspected.怀疑；D.Satisfied.满足。故选A。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段中“TheresultwasSafeTravel,anappdesignedbyMedhatohelpwalkersfeelmoresecurewhentravellingalone.(结果就是Medha设计的一款名为“安全旅行”的应用，它可以帮助行人在独自旅行时感到更安全)”结合文章主要说明了MedhaGupta设计了一款名为“安全旅行”的应用，它可以帮助行人在独自旅行时感到更安全。这款应用参加了应用程序挑战赛并成为获胜者。可知，文章主旨是Medha成功设计了“安全旅行”。故选B。DBioluminescence(生物发光)isanaturalphenomenonwhereinachemicalreactionwithinanorganism’sbodyproduceslight.Itcanbefoundinmanyplacesinnature—fireflies,somemushrooms—butmostlyinthedeepsea.Recently,Rambouillet,asmallhistoricFrenchtown,hasteamedupwithacompanycalledGloweetoturnthecityintoafull-scalebioluminescencelaboratory.Thegoalistochangethewayinwhichcitiesuselight.Thecompanyusesmarine(海的)bacteriaharvestedfromthecoastofFrance.Itmakessomeofthetown’spubliclightupinthecoolblueofbioluminescence.Thesebioluminescentbacteriaarestoredinaseawaterfilledtube,givingthebacteriaroomtofloataroundandlightup.Thelightprovidedbythebacteriaispartoftheirnaturalmetabolism,soproducingthelightrequiresnoenergyotherthanthatwhichisneededtofeedtheorganisms.Thismakesitmuchmoreenvironmentallyfriendlyandsustainablethanelectriclight,whichconsumesahugeamountofnon-renewableenergy.“Onthewaytolightinguptheworldwithbioluminescence,youhavetofeedthebacteriaandaddwaterastheygrow.That’snotsoeasy.Thephenomenonwillbeverytemperature-dependentandIdoubtthatitwillworkinthewinter.Also,bioluminescenceisnotverybrightcomparedtoelectricallighting,thoughtheyhaveimprovedthelightintensity,”CarlJohnson,aprofessorfromVanderbiltUniversitysaid.Onepotentialsolutiontotheseissues—andonethatGloweeislookinginto—istoremovethebiologicalaspectofthewholeprocess.Theoretically,luciferase(荧光素酶)canberemovedfromthebacteriaandusedtocreatelightinsteadofthebacteriaitself.Becauseluciferaseisnon-living,itdoesn’tneedtobefed.Creatingnewmeansofsustainablelightingisawayofbeingenvironmentallyfriendly-35- withoutplungingtheearthbackintodarkness.32.WhatdoweknowaboutGlowee?A.ItisanancientlaboratoryinFrance.B.Itsolvespowershortagesincoastalcities.C.Itadoptsbioluminescenceasalightsource.D.Itfeedsmarineorganismstoproducechemicals.33.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlyfocuson?A.Thereasonsforenergywaste.BTheadvantagesofthemarinebacteriaaslight.C.Thelivingconditionsofthebioluminescentbacteria.D.Thedifficultiesofstoringbioluminescentorganisms.34.WhatdoesCarlJohnsonconveyinhiswords?A.Thebacteriaworkmoreefficientlyunderlowtemperatures.B.Itwillcosttoomuchtoimprovetheluminescenceintensity.C.Theapplicationofbioluminescenceenjoysabrightprospect.D.Thedevelopmentofbioluminescencefacesmanychallenges.35.Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthistext?A.AHistoricTownLitupbyNatureB.TheFirstZero-carbonCityintheWorldC.AReformofProducingElectricityinCitiesD.TheDiscoveryofLuciferaseinMarineBacteria【答案】32.C33.B34.D35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了法国历史悠久的小城朗布耶与一家名为Glowee的公司合作，利用生物发光技术将这座城市变成一个全面的生物发光实验室，其目标是改变城市使用光线的方式。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Recently,Rambouillet,asmallhistoricFrenchtown,hasteamedupwithacompanycalledGloweetoturnthecityintoafull-scalebioluminescencelaboratory.Thegoalis-35- tochangethewayinwhichcitiesuselight.Thecompanyusesmarine（海的）bacteriaharvestedfromthecoastofFrance.Itmakessomeofthetown’spubliclightupinthecoolblueofbioluminescence.(最近，法国历史悠久的小城朗布耶与一家名为Glowee的公司合作，将这座城市变成一个全面的生物发光实验室。其目标是改变城市使用光线的方式。该公司使用的是来自法国海岸的海洋细菌。它让小镇上的一些公众在生物发光的冷蓝色中发光。)”可知，关于Glowee这个公司我们了解到的是，它主要研究采用生物发光作为光源。故选C项。【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Thelightprovidedbythebacteriaispartoftheirnaturalmetabolism,soproducingthelightrequiresnoenergyotherthanthatwhichisneededtofeedtheorganisms.Thismakesitmuchmoreenvironmentallyfriendlyandsustainablethanelectriclight,whichconsumesahugeamountofnon-renewableenergy.(细菌提供的光是它们自然新陈代谢的一部分，所以产生光不需要能量，只需要生物体所需的能量。这使得它比消耗大量不可再生能源的电灯更加环保和可持续。)”可知，第三段主要讲得是海洋细菌作为光源的优点。故选B项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Onthewaytolightinguptheworldwithbioluminescence,youhavetofeedthebacteriaandaddwaterastheygrow.That’snotsoeasy.Thephenomenonwillbeverytemperature-dependentandIdoubtthatitwillworkinthewinter.Also,bioluminescenceisnotverybrightcomparedtoelectricallighting,thoughtheyhaveimprovedthelightintensity(在用生物发光照亮世界的路上，你必须给细菌喂食，并在它们生长的过程中加水。这可不容易。这种现象将非常依赖于温度，我怀疑它在冬天会起作用。此外，生物发光与电照明相比不是很亮，尽管它们提高了光强度)”可以推知，生物发光的发展面临着许多挑战。故选D项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了法国历史悠久的小城朗布耶与一家名为Glowee的公司合作，利用生物发光技术将这座城市变成一个全面的生物发光实验室，其目标是改变城市使用光线的方式，所以A选项“大自然点亮的历史小镇”适合用作文章标题。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Takinggoodnotesisatime-savingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabetterstudentinseveralways.____36____.Second,yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhenyouarestudyingforatest.-35- Third,note-takingoffersvarietytoyourstudytimeandhelpsyoutoholdyourinterest.Youwillwanttotakenotesduringclassroomdiscussionsandwhilereadingatextbookordoingresearchforareport.___37___.Wheneverorhoweveryoutakenotes,keepinmindthatnote-takingisaselectiveprocess.____38____.Thefollowingmethodsmayworkbestforyou.●Readthetextquicklytofindthemainfactsandideasinit.●Carefullyreadthetextandwatchforwordsthatcanshowmainpointsandsupportingfacts●Writeyournotesinyourownwords.●____39____.●Noteanyquestionsorideasyoumayhaveaboutwhatwassaidorwritten.Asyoutakenotes,youmaywanttouseyourownshorthand(速记).Whenyoudo,besurethatyouunderstandyoursymbolsandthatyouusethemallthetime.___40___A.Usewords,notcompletesentences.B.Therearethreepracticalnote-takingmethods.C.Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.D.Otherwise,youmaynotbeabletoreadyournoteslater.E.youwillalsowanttodevelopyourownmethodfortakingnotes.F.Thatmeansyoumustfirstdecidewhatisimportantenoughtoincludeinyournotes.G.First,thesimpleactofwritingsomethingdownmakesiteasierforyoutounderstandandrememberit.【答案】36.G37.E38.F39.A40.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。记好笔记对一个学生的重要性，短文介绍了一些做笔记的办法。【36题详解】根据下一句“Second,yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhenyouarestudyingforatest.”（第二，当你准备考试时，你的笔记是很好的参考材料。）可知，此处内容与讲述第一点办法有关，与下一句为并列关系。选项G“首先，把东西写下来这个简单的行为让你更容易理解和记住它。”First对应Sceondh和Third,符合题意。故选G。【37题详解】根据上一句“Youwillwanttotakenotesduringclassroomdiscussionsandwhilereadingatextbookordoingresearchforareport.”-35- （你需要在课堂讨论、阅读课本或为报告做研究时做笔记。）可知，此处内容要说要开发自己记笔记的方法，选项E“你还需要发展自己的记笔记的方法。”also是对上一句的进一步说明。符合题意。故选E。【38题详解】根据上一句“Wheneverorhoweveryoutakenotes,keepinmindthatnote-takingisaselectiveprocess.”（无论何时或以何种方式记笔记，请记住记笔记是一个有选择的过程。）可知，此处内容与要有选择性做笔记有关，选项F“这意味着你必须首先决定哪些内容是重要的，应该写在你的笔记里。”selectiveprocess对应mustfirstdecide。符合题意。故选F。【39题详解】根据上一句“Writeyournotesinyourownwords.”（用自己的话做笔记。）可知，此处内容与做笔记的办法有关，选项A“用单词，不要用完整的句子。”符合题意。故选A。【40题详解】根据上一句“Whenyoudo,besurethatyouunderstandyoursymbolsandthatyouusethemallthetime.”（当你这样做的时候，确保你理解你的符号，并且你一直在使用它们。）可知，此处内容与没理解和记住你使用的符号会造成的不良后果有关，选项D“否则，你可能无法在过后阅读你的笔记。”符合题意。故选D。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnceFrankandhisdaughterNovatookacross-countrydrivewiththeirdogBobbie.Duringastop,poorBobbiewas____41____byfiercelocaldogs.ThinkingBobbiewouldtakecareofhimselfasusual,Frankleftforhotel____42____tofindBobbiereturntheretojointhem.AfterhourswithoutBobbie,Frankgot____43____SinceBobbieusedtorespondtothesoundofthecarhorn,Frankfirstdrove____44____allaround,honkingfrequentlyuntilmidnight.Bobbieneverappeared.Afteraweekof____45____andplacingnewspaperadvertisements,thefamilyhadtogiveupandstartdrivinghome.Fallturningtowinter,the____46____familyhadto____47____thefactthattheycouldnolongersharetheirhappinesswithbelovedBobbie.Six____48____later,Novawaswalkingdownastreetwhenshe____49____atthesightofamessyandraggedlookingfigurewalkingoutofwoods.Hiseyeswerehalf-closedandredwith_____50_____,hisfeetbleeding.Novascreamedout”Bobbie“andinmoments,awareofsomething,Bobbiebegan-35- jumpingupagainandagainto_____51_____herface,makingunclearsoundsof_____52_____mixedwithsobsofjoy.Hewasskinny,footsorebuthewashappytoseeher.Athomeheshookhistail,rolledoveronhisback,helduphispadsandfixedthefamilywithhiseyes,seeminglytotellthemhisreturning-home_____53_____.Imaginebeing2,500milesfromhomewithnotransportationandcrossingfreezingcoldmountainsanddesertsforhalfayear.How_____54_____!ButBobbie,theWonder_____55_____,madeit.41.A.guardedB.welcomedC.chasedD.hidden42.A.expectingB.failingC.strugglingD.managing43.A.madB.disappointedC.hopelessD.worried44.A.safelyB.smoothlyC.quicklyD.slowly45.A.waitingB.searchingC.drivingD.missing46A.warm-heartedB.cold-bloodedC.broken-heartedD.clear-headed47.A.acceptB.changeC.escapeD.ignore48.A.weeksB.fortnightsC.monthsD.seasons49.A.shockedB.attractedC.fellD.smiled50.A.tearsB.injuriesC.shameD.excitement51.A.kissB.meetC.seeD.avoid52.A.depressionB.reliefC.regretD.gratitude53.A.ambitionB.viewC.outingD.adventure54.A.innocentB.incredibleC.abnormalD.awkward55.A.HikerB.ManC.DogD.Kid【答案】41.C42.A43.D44.D45.B46.C47.A48.C49.A50.B51.A52.B53.D54.B55.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了波比这只小狗走失后又奇迹般自己返回家里的经历故事。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：停车期间，可怜的波比被当地凶猛的狗追赶。A.guarded保护；B.welcomed欢迎；C.chased追赶；D.hidden隐藏。根据空格后“byfiercelocaldogs.-35- ”及常识可知，波比被一只当地凶猛的狗追赶。故选C。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：弗兰克以为波比会像往常一样照顾自己，便动身去旅馆，期待着波比会回到那里和他们会合。A.expecting期待；B.failing失败；C.struggling挣扎；D.managing设法。根据前文“ThinkingBobbiewouldtakecareofhimselfasusual,”可知，弗兰克以为波比会像往常一样，自己跑掉后能找到回来的路，所以就动身去酒店，期待着波比自己回来找他。故选A。【43题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：波比离开几个小时后，弗兰克担心起来。A.mad疯狂的；B.disappointed失望的；C.hopeless没有希望的；D.worried担忧的。根据后文“SinceBobbieusedtorespondtothesoundofthecarhorn,Frankfirstdrove　　4　　allaround,honkingfrequentlyuntilmidnight.”可知，弗兰克寻找波比一直到午夜。由此可知，在波比走失几个小时后，弗兰克的心情很担忧。故选D。【44题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因为波比过去常常对汽车喇叭发出的声音作出回应，弗兰克首先慢慢地到处开着车，经常按喇叭直到午夜。A.safely安全地；B.smoothly平坦地；C.quickly快速地；D.slowly缓慢地。根据前文“SinceBobbieusedtorespondtothesoundofthecarhorn,”可知，为了找到波比，弗兰克要慢慢开车鸣笛，才有可能让波比听到声音，这样波比才会现身。故选D。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在找寻一周以及刊登报纸广告之后，悲痛欲绝的一家人决定放弃然后开车回家。A.waiting等待；B.searching寻找；C.driving开车；D.missing错过，想念。根据上文“Bobbieneverappeared.”以及空格后“placingnewspaperadvertisements,”可知，弗兰克一家人一直在努力寻找波比。故选B。【46题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在找寻一周以及刊登报纸广告之后，悲痛欲绝的一家人决定放弃然后开车回家。A.warm-hearted暖心的；B.cold-blooded冷血的；C.broken-hearted悲痛欲绝的；D.clear-headed头脑清晰的。根据前文“Afteraweekof　5　andplacingnewspaperadvertisements”及空后“hadtogiveupandstartdrivinghome.”可知，弗兰克一家人一直在努力寻找波比，但是一直没找到，只能放弃、开车回家。由此可知，大家都很心痛。故选C。【47题详解】-35- 考查动词词义辨析。句意：秋去冬来，这家人不得不接受这个事实，他们再也不能与亲爱的波比分享快乐和幸福。A.accept接受；B.change改变；C.escape逃跑；D.ignore忽视，不理睬。根据后文“thattheycouldnolongersharetheirhappinesswithbelovedBobbie”可知，波比走失后，一直找不到，所以弗兰克一家人必须接受无法与波比分享的事实。故选A。【48题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：秋去冬来，这家人不得不接受这个事实，他们再也不能与亲爱的波比分享快乐和幸福。A.weeks周；B.fortnights十四天，两周；C.months月；D.seasons季节。根据最后一段中的“Imaginebeing2,500milesfromhomewithnotransportationandyoucrossfreezingcoldmountainsanddesertsforhalfayear.”可知，波比远离家，在山上和沙漠流浪了半年。“halfayear”和“sixmonths”相对应，属于同义复现。故选C。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：六个月后，诺娃走在街上，当她看见树林里出现了一个凌乱、衣衫褴褛的身影时，她震惊了。A.shocked震惊；B.attracted吸引；C.fell摔倒，击倒；D.smiled微笑。根据后文“Novascreamedout‘Bobbie’”可推测，诺娃当时看到并认出波比时，非常震惊，甚至尖叫着叫它的名字。故选A。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的眼睛半闭，因受伤而发红，他的脚在流血。A.tears眼泪；B.injuries伤口；C.shame羞愧；D.excitement兴奋。根据前文“Hiseyeswerehalf-closedandred”和后文hisfeetbleeding”可知，波比的脚在流血，眼睛睁不开，而且红着，因此可推测出眼睛是有伤的。故选B。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：诺娃尖叫着“波比”，不一会儿，波比意识到了什么，开始一次又一次地跳起来亲吻她的脸，发出不清晰的欣慰声，夹杂着喜悦的啜泣。A.kiss亲吻；B.meet遇见；C.see看见；D.avoid避免。根据空前“Bobbiebeganjumpingupagainandagain”及空后“herface”可知，波比是向上蹦着去亲吻诺娃的脸颊。故选A。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：诺娃尖叫着叫了一声“波比”，博比意识到什么，开始一次又一次地跳起来吻她的脸，发出不清晰的欣慰声，夹杂着喜悦的啜泣。A.depression沮丧；B.relief欣慰；C.regret悔意；D.gratitude感谢。根据上文“Bobbiebeganjumpingupagainandagainto　　11　　herface,makingunclearsoundsofrelief”及常识可知，波比再一次见到自己的主人，应该是很高兴，发出不清晰的欣慰声。故选B。-35- 【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：回家后，他摇了摇尾巴，翻了个身，举起垫子，用眼睛盯着家人，似乎在告诉他们自己回家的冒险之旅。A.ambition雄心；B.view观点，风景；C.outing远足；D.adventure冒险。根据后文“Imaginebeing2,500milesfromhomewithnotransportationandyoucrossfreezingcoldmountainsanddesertsforhalfayear.”可知，波比在外流浪半年后，终于在回家的一路上经历了各种事，并不是单纯的旅游出行，而是冒险之旅。故选D。【54题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：太不可思议了!A.innocent清白的；B.incredible难以置信地；C.abnormal反常的；D.awkward尴尬的。根据前文“Imaginebeing2,500milesfromhomewithnotransportationandcrossingfreezingcoldmountainsanddesertsforhalfayear.”可知，波比成功经历一系列艰险回到家，这是不可思议的。故选B。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是奇迹狗波比成功了。A.Hiker徒步者；B.Man人类；C.Dog狗；D.Kid孩子。根据前文“Athomeheshookhistail,”以及全文通读下来，可判断出波比是一只狗。故选C。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ShadowtheaterisauniqueartforminChina.Thankstothebasicprincipleoflightandshadowprojected(投影)ontoascreen,performersusepuppets(玩偶)____56____(make)fromanimalskinstotellstoriesinaformofopera.Twothousandyearsago,thesadnessofEmperorWuoftheWesternHanDynastyoverthedeathofhisfavoriteloverwas____57____(full)relievedbytheprojectionofherfigurethroughagameoflights.Thisstarted____58____isnowknowninChinaastheearliestformofshadowplay.Amongallthecountry’sbranches,Beijingshadowtheaterstands____59____foritstechniquesanditsspecifictunes.It____60____(experience)alongperiodofformationandnowfeaturesuniqueperformancemethods.Itsvocal(声乐的)toneandactualpuppetsdraw____61____(inspire)fromKunquOperaandPekingOpera.Previouslytheshadowtheater____62____(perform)inthefields,withallperformershiddenbehindthescenes.Somecontrolledthepuppetsandsangwhileothersmanagedthemusic.Aperforminggroupwouldconsistofsixorsevenpeopleandaboxofpuppets.Whenpeopleputon____63____playata-35- market,alightboxandacurtainwouldbeenough____64____(start)theshow.Requiringonlyafewthings,thetheaterwascharacterizedbyitsmobility,_____65_____(appear)atweddings,dinnerpartiesandChineseNewYearcelebrationsoften.【答案】56.made57.fully58.what59.out60.hasexperienced61.inspiration62.wasperformed63.a64.tostart65.appearing【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了皮影戏的历史，以及相关的知识。【56题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于光影投射到屏幕上的基本原理，表演者使用动物皮制成的木偶以歌剧的形式讲故事。这里为非谓语动词担当后置定语，和被修饰词“puppets”之间存在被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填made。【57题详解】考查副词。句意：两千年前，西汉武帝为他心爱的情人去世而悲伤，通过灯光游戏投射出她的身影，完全缓解了悲伤。修饰动词“relieve”用副词形式，故填fully。【58题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这就是现在中国最早的皮影戏形式。这里为宾语从句的连接词，宾语从句缺少主语，且指物，用连接代词what引导。故填what。【59题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：在全国所有的分支机构中，北京皮影戏以其技术和独特的曲调脱颖而出。固定搭配：standout，意为“突出”。故填out。【60题详解】考查时态。句意：它经历了漫长的形成过程，形成了独特的表现方式。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“nowfeaturesuniqueperformancemethods”可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为it，单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填hasexperienced。【61题详解】-35- 考查名词。句意：它的声音和木偶的灵感来自昆曲和京剧。根据空前的draw可知，空处为名词担当宾语。故填inspiration。【62题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：以前，皮影戏是在田野里表演的，所有的演员都躲在幕后。这里为本句谓语动词，根据previously可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“theshadowtheater”，单数，和动词perform之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填wasperformed。【63题详解】考查冠词。句意：当人们在市场上演出时，一个灯箱和一个幕布就足够开始演出了。修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词。故填a。【64题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当人们在市场上演出时，一个灯箱和一个幕布就足够开始演出了。enoughtodosth.足够做某事，不定式担当结果状语。故填tostart。【65题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：皮影戏只需要很少的东西，它的特点是流动性强，经常出现在婚礼、宴会和中国新年庆祝活动中。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，动词“appear”和主句主语“thetheater”为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填appearing。第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)66.假定你是学生会主席李华，你校将举行主题为“MyYouth，MyDream”的英语演讲比赛，请你给外教Lisa写一封邮件，邀请她担任评委。内容包括：1.比赛目的；2.时间和地点；3.期待参与。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右;’2.请按如下格式作答。DearLisa,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________-35- __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearLisa,I’mLiHua,chairmanoftheStudents’Union.I’mwritingtoinviteyoutobeajudgeatourEnglishspeechcontest.TheEnglishspeechcontestisentitled“MyYouth,MyDream”,whichisaimedtomakeusseniorstudentsfirminouridealsanddeterminedtostrive.Itwillbeheldat8:00amonFebruary23thinthelecturehallinourschool.Asyouareanexpertinlifeplanning,yourattendancemeanssomuchtous.Itwouldbeourgreathonorifyoucouldacceptourinvitationandgetyoutimespared.Lookingforwardtoyourtimelyreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外教Lisa写一封电子邮件，邀请她担任“MyYouth，MyDream”为主题的英语演讲比赛的评委。【详解】1.词汇积累比赛：contest→competition命名：entitle→name旨在与：beaimedto→beintendedto/bedesignedto因为：as→because/since2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：I’mwritingtoinviteyoutobeajudgeatourEnglishspeechcontest.拓展句：I’mwritingtoinviteyoutobeajudgeatourEnglishspeechcontest,whichwillbeheldinourlecturehallFebruary23th.【点睛】[高分句型1]TheEnglishspeechcontestisentitled“MyYouth,MyDream”,whichisaimedtomakeusseniorstudentsfirminouridealsanddeterminedtostrive.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)-35- [高分句型2]Itwouldbeourgreathonorifyoucouldacceptourinvitationandgetyoutimespared.(运用了if引导的条件状语从句)第二节(满分25分)67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Almostallofmyholidayswerespentwithmygrandpa.Mygrandpawasaretiredarmyofficerandtheyearsinthearmyhadmadehimaverytoughperson,whichhelpedhimalotinfightingwithcancerforalongtime.Silverandgoldenstarsonhisshouldersandmedalsonhischestingrandma’soldphotoalbumsreflectedthemarksofhisdistinguishedserviceandnumerousadventures.Grandpahadfinequalitiesandwasarealpersonality.Hewasstrictwithhisfamily,meincluded,aswellashimself.InourancestralhousetherewasabigpondaswascommoninbygoneBengalihomeswithlotsoftreesandbushes.Bothmygrandparentswerefondofourso-calledgarden.Onemorningournewneighborsawmygrandpaplantingtwotreesonbothsidesofourmaingate,whichstillstandtalltoday.Acrossthestreetournewneighboralsogotthesamekindoftreeandplantedthetreesexactlyonbothsidesofhisgatetoo.Mygrandpadidn’toftengiveenoughamountofwatertohisplantsanddidn’talwaysgivehisfullattentiontothem,whileourneighborgavealotofwatertohisplantsandlookedafterthemtoowell.Mygrandpa’splantsweresimplebutlookedgood.Butourneighbor’splantsweremuchfullerandgreener.Normally,duringAprilandMay,wehaveshortbutviolentthunderstormscalled“Kalboishakhi”.OnelateeveningduringaKalboishakhiwehadshowerswithstrongwinds,whichcontinuedrightthroughoutthatnight.NextmorningalongwithmygrandparentsIcameouttoinspectthedamagetoourgarden.Isawourneighborwasthereinhisgardentoo,butlookedupsetashisplantswereuprooted.But,ourplantswerenotdamagedandwerestandingfirmontheground.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式作答。Seeingthis,ourneighborwassurprisedandcurious._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________-35- __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Grandpa’sexplanationsnotonlyconvincedtheneighbor,butmademerealizesomething.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:Seeingthis,ourneighborwassurprisedandcurious.Hecameuptomygrandpaandaskedwithatouchofembarrassment,“Howisthispossible?Iactuallylookedaftermyplantsbetter.”Mygrandpahadhissignaturesmileonandreplied,“Whatyoudidsparedtheplantstheneedtoworkthemselveshardforanything.Igavethemjustcertainwaterandlettheirrootsdotheresttosearchformore.Andtheirrootswentdeeper,whichmadetheirpositionstronger.Thatiswhytheysurvived.”Grandpa’sexplanationsnotonlyconvincedtheneighbor,butmademerealizesomething.Mygrandpawasstrictwithmeonmanyoccasionswithhisdo’sanddon’ts,andthatdrovemetobeindependentandworkhardforwhatIwanted,which,however,I’drarelynoticed.Ibecameawarethatanythingeasilygotcangooffmuchmoreeasily.Stillafterarainynightwhenthesunisclearandbrightthenextmorningitremindsmeofmygrandpa’swords.Theguidancehastakenrootinmymindandinfluencesmealltheway.【解析】【导语】文章以种树为线索展开，讲述作者几乎每个假期都在爷爷家度过，他们的老院子里有很多树。一天爷爷的新邻居看见作者爷爷在大门的两侧种植了两棵树，就也在自家的大门两侧种植了两棵同样的树。作者的爷爷不经常给他的植物浇足量的水，而爷爷的邻居则给他的植物浇很多水，关怀备至。在一次强烈的雷暴大雨中，邻居的树被连根拔起，但作者爷爷的树仍安然无恙。【详解】1.段落续写①根据第一段首句“看到这个结果，我们的邻居既惊讶又好奇。”，再结合续写第二段的开头语“爷爷的解释不仅说服了邻居，也让我意识到一些事情。”可知，本段应围绕邻居与作者爷爷关于为何邻居的树被连根拔起而作者爷爷的树却安然无恙而进行的交流展开。-35- ②根据第二段首句“爷爷的解释不仅说服了邻居，也让我意识到一些事情”可知，本段应围绕作者从上述事件中得到的感悟以及该事件对作者生活的影响展开。2.续写线索：邻居惊讶——爷爷解释原因——说服邻居——作者的感悟3.词类激活行为类①照顾：lookafter/takecareof/attendto②寻找：search/seek③注意：notice/takenoticeof情绪类①尴尬：embarrassment/awkwardness②微笑：smile/beam【点睛】[高分句型1]Whatyoudidsparedtheplantstheneedtoworkthemselveshardforanything.(运用了what引导的主语从句)[高分句型2]Mygrandpawasstrictwithmeonmanyoccasionswithhisdo’sanddon’ts,andthatdrovemetobeindependentandworkhardforwhatIwanted,which,however,I’drarelynoticed.(运用了what引导的宾语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句)高二物理注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、考生号、座号填写在相应位置。2.选择题答案必须用2B铅笔（按填涂样例）正确填涂；非选择题答案必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3.请按照题号在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。保持卡面清洁，不折叠、不破损。一、单项选择题：本题共8小题，每小题3分，共24分。每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。1.2020年我国将全面进入万物互联的商用网络新时代，即5G时代。所谓5G是指第五代通信技术，采用3300~5000MHz（1M=106）频段的无线电波。现行的第四代移动通信技术4G，其频段范围是1880~2635MHz。未来5G网络的传输速率（指单位时间传送的数据量大小）可达10Gbps（bps为bitspersecond的英文缩写，即比特率、比特/秒），是4G网络的50~100倍。下列说法正确的是（　　）A.4G信号和5G信号都是纵波-35- B.4G信号更容易发生衍射现象C.4G信号和5G信号相遇能产生稳定干涉现象D.5G信号比4G信号在真空中的传播速度快2.如图所示，、是监测交流高压输电参数的互感器，一个用来测高压电流，一个用来测高压电压，则下列说法正确的是（　　）A.是测交流电压的仪器B.是测交流电流的仪器C.a是电流表，b是电压表D.a是电压表，b是电流表3.如图所示，虚线是正弦交流电的图像，实线是另一交流电的图像，它们的周期T和最大值相同，则实线所对应的交流电的有效值U满足（　　）A.B.C.D.4.某研究性学习小组的同学设计的电梯坠落的应急安全装置如图所示，在电梯挂厢上安装永久磁铁，并在电梯的井壁上铺设线圈，这样可以在电梯突然坠落时减小对人员的伤害。关于该装置，下列说法正确的是（　　）A.当电梯突然坠落时，该安全装置可使电梯停在空中-35- B.当电梯坠落至永久磁铁在图示位置时，闭合线圈A、B中的电流方向相反C.当电梯坠落至永久磁铁在图示位置时，只有闭合线圈A在阻碍电梯下落D.当电梯坠落至永久磁铁在图示位置时，只有闭合线圈B在阻碍电梯下落5.如图甲，LC电路中的电流正在变大，保持L不变，改变电容器的电容，回路中电容器两端的电压变化如图乙，则下列说法正确的是（　　）A.回路中的磁场能正在向电场能转化B.电路1中电容为电路2中电容的4倍C.电路2中的电流最大时，电路1中的电流也一定最大D.电路2中电容器的最大电荷量与电路1中电容器的最大电荷量相等6.如图甲所示，一个环形导线线圈的电阻为r、面积为S，其位于一垂直于环形面向里的匀强磁场中，磁场的磁感应强度B随时间t变化的规律如图乙所示。有一电阻R将其两端分别与图甲中的环形线圈a、b相连，其余电阻不计，在0～t0时间内，下列说法正确的是（　　）A.a、b间的电压大小为，a点电势高于b点B.a、b间的电压大小为，a点电势低于b点C.流过R的电流大小为，方向从上到下-35- D.流过R的电流大小为，方向从下到上7.在如图所示的电路中，变压器为理想变压器，原、副线圈的匝数比为1︰2，三个定值电阻的阻值相同，电压表为理想交流电表。现在a、b端输入正弦式交变电流，电键S断开时，电压表的示数为U1，电键S闭合后，电压表的示数为U2，则的值为（　　）A.B.C.D.8.如图所示，空间直角坐标系的xOz平面是光滑水平面，空间中有沿z轴正方向的匀强磁场，磁感应强度大小为B。现有两块平行的薄金属板，彼此闻距为d，构成一个电容为C的电容器，电容器的下极板放在xOz平面上；在两板之间焊接一根垂直于两板的电阻不计的金属杆MN，已知两板和杆MN的总质量为m，若对杆MN施加一个沿x轴正方向的恒力F，两金属板和杆开始运动后，则（　　）A.金属杆MN中存在沿N到到M方向的感应电流B.两金属板间的电压始终保持不变C.两金属板和杆做加速度大小为的匀加速直线运动D.单位时间内电容器增加的电荷量为二、多项选择题：本题共4小题，每小题4分，共16分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，有多项符合题目要求。全部选对的得4分，选对但不全的得分，有选错的得0分。9.在如图甲所示LC振荡电路中，通过P点的电流随时间变化的图线如图乙所示，若把通过P点向右的电流规定为正值，则（　　）-35- A.0至0.5ms内，电容器C正在充电B.0.5ms至1ms内，电容器上极板带正电C.1ms至1.5ms内，Q点比P点电势高D.1.5ms至2ms内，磁场能在减少10.如图所示电路中，理想变压器原线圈两接线柱间的交流电压的有效值不变，两灯泡L1、L2规格完全相同，在以下各种操作中各电路元件都没有损坏，下列说法正确的是（　　）A.仅使滑片M下移，电流表示数变大B.仅使滑片M下移，变压器原线圈中的电流变小C.仅使滑片N自变阻器端向b端移动，电流表示数一直增大D.仅使滑片N自变阻器端向b端移动，灯泡L2中的电流一直增大11.如图为模拟远距离输电的实验电路图，两理想变压器的匝数，四根模拟输电线的电阻、、、的阻值均为R，、为相同的理想交流电流表，、为相同的小灯泡，灯丝电阻，忽略灯丝电阻随温度的变化。当A、B端接入低压交流电源时（　　）-35- A.、两灯泡的亮度相同B.表的示数小于表的示数C.两端的电压小于两端的电压D.消耗的功率大于消耗的功率12.有一边长为L、质量为m、总电阻为R的正方形导线框自磁场上方某处自由下落，如图所示。区域I、II中匀强磁场的磁感应强度大小均为B，二者宽度分别为L、H，且H＞L。导线框恰好匀速进入区域I，一段时间后又恰好匀速离开区域II，重力加速度为g，下列说法正确的是（　　）A.导线框离开区域II的速度大于B.导线框刚进入区域II时的加速度大小为g，方向竖直向上C.导线框进入区域II的过程产生的焦耳热为mgHD.导线框自开始进入区域I至刚完全离开区域II的时间为三、非选择题：本题共6小题，共60分。13.在“探究变压器原、副线圈电压与匝数的关系”的实验中，（1）下列器材需要的有___________。A．干电池组B．滑动变阻器C．直流电压表D．多用电表E．学生电源（2）在实验中，某同学保持原线圈的电压以及副线圈的匝数不变，仅增加原线圈的匝数，副线圈两端的电压将___________（选填“增大”“减小”或“不变”）。（3）如图，当左侧线圈“0”“16”间接入9V电压时，右侧线圈“0”“4”接线柱间输出电压可能是___________。-35- A．3.1VB．2.5VC．2.0VD．1.8V14.某实验小组探究影响感应电流方向的因素。所利用的器材有灵敏电流计、线圈、条形磁铁、一节干电池、开关、导线若干。实验步骤如下：(1)按图甲连接电路，闭合开关，通过观察得到灵敏电流计___________方向和___________方向的关系；(2)记下线圈绕向，将线圈和灵敏电流计连接成如图乙所示的闭合回路；(3)把条形磁铁N极（或S极）向下插入线圈中，然后从线圈中拔出，每次记下电流计中指针偏转方向，然后根据步骤(1)的结论，判定出___________方向，从而确定___________方向；(4)将实验结果汇总进行分析。由于线圈横截面积不变，因此磁场的变化就体现了磁通量的变化，该小组发现，当穿过线圈的磁通量增大时，感应电流的磁场与磁体的磁场方向相反，阻碍磁通量的增加；当穿过线圈的磁通量减小时，感应电流的磁场与磁体的磁场方向相同，阻碍磁通量的减小；(5)总结概括。感应电流具有这样的方向，即___________。15.如图所示的电路中，电容器的电容C＝1μF，线圈的自感系数L＝0.1mH，先将开关S拨至a，这时电容器内有一带电油滴恰能保持静止，然后将开关S拨至b，经过3.14×10－5s，油滴的加速度是多少？当油滴的加速度为何值时，LC回路中的振荡电流有最大值？(g取10m/s2，π取-35- 3.14，研究过程中油滴不与极板接触)16.在如图甲所示的电路中，螺线管匝数匝，横截面积。螺线管导线电阻，，，。在一段时间内，穿过螺线管的磁场的磁感应强度按如图乙所示的规律变化。求：(1)螺线管中产生的感应电动势；(2)闭合，电路中的电流稳定后，电阻的电功率；(3)断开后，流经的电荷量。17.水力发电的基本原理就是将水流的机械能（主要指重力势能）转化为电能。某小型水力发电站水流量为Q=5m3/s（流量是指流体在单位时间内流过某一横截面的体积），落差为h=10m，发电机（内阻不计）的输出电压为U1=250V，输电线总电阻为r=4Ω，为了减小损耗采用了高压输电。在发电机处安装升压变压器，而在用户处安装降压变压器，其中n3:n4=190:11，用户获得电压U4=220V，用户获得的功率P4=1.9×105W，若不计变压器损失的能量，已知水的密度、重力加速度g=10m/s2。求：（1）高压输电线中电流强度I2；（2）升压变压器原、副线圈匝数比n1:n2；（3）该电站将水能转化为电能的效率η有多大？-35- 18.足够长、电阻不计光滑平行金属导轨MN、PO倾斜放置，两根导轨间距，导轨平面与水平面间的夹角为，导轨底端连接阻值的电阻。导轨平面内以OC（OC与导轨垂直）为分界线，上方区域分布着垂直斜面向上的匀强磁场。取O点为坐标原点，沿导轨OQ向上为x轴正方向，匀强磁场的磁感应强度大小B随着x变化的关系图像如图乙所示。一根质量、电阻的金属棒置于导轨上，与导轨垂直且接触良好。若棒在外力F作用下以某一初速度从处沿导轨向上运动，运动过程中理想电压表的示数恒为4V。已知重力加速度，求金属棒（1）运动到处的速度；（2）从运动到的过程中，电阻R上产生的热量；（3）从运动到的过程中，外力F所做的功；（4）从运动到的过程中，流过电阻R的电荷量。-35-