四川省成都市第七中2022-2023学年学高三英语下学期4月检测试题 （Word版附解析）

成都七中高2023届高三下期4月检测英语注意事项：1.答题前，务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。3.答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。4.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。5.考试结束后，只将答题卡交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）1.Whyisthemanleavingearly?A.Hewantstoavoidatrafficjam.B.Heisn’tinterestedinthemovie.C.Hedoesn’tknowthewaytothetheatre.2.Howdidthewomanfeeljustnow?A.Excited.B.Bored.C.Scared.3.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inashop.B.Inaclassroom.C.Inakitchen.4.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.At6:30.B.At6:45.C.At7:15.5.WhomightFreddybe?A.Thespeakers’pet.B.Thespeakers’son.C.Thespeakers’landlady.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Howdoesthewomanusuallygotowork?A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bytrain.7.Whatdothespeakersagreeabouttakingthetrain?A.Itissafer.B.Itisfaster.C.Itismoreconvenient.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whyisthewomanupsetwiththeman? A.Hisessayistooshort.B.Hedidn’tturninhisessay.C.Hisessayisofpoorquality.9.Howmanyessayshasthemanrewrittenthisyearaltogether?A.Threeessays.B.Twoessays.C.Oneessay.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Saveupforthecar.B.Gotoanothercardealer.C.Asksomeonetocheckthecar.11.Howwillthewomanpayforthecar?A.Incash.B.Bybankcard.C.Bycheque.12.Howwillthemanhelpthewoman?A.Lendmoneytoher.B.Drivehercarhome.C.Takecareofhercar.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whendidthewomanlastlendthemanhercar?A.Ayearago.B.Lastmonth.C.Acoupleofdaysago.14.Whatwillthewomandotonight?A.Seeamovie.B.Seeaplay.C.Gotothegym.15.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Roommates.B.Goodfriends.C.Brotherandsister.16.Whatdoesthemanpromisethewoman?A.Hewillfilluphercarwithgas.B.Hewillreturnbeforesixo’clock.C.Hewillborrowhismother’scarnexttime.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatkindofrestaurantsarethemostinthespeaker’shometown?A.KFCs.B.Chineserestaurants.C.Japaneserestaurants.18.Whydoesthespeakerdislike“allyoucaneat”restaurants?A.Theyareunhealthy.B.Theyaretooexpensive.C.Thereisn’tenoughfoodinthem.19.Whatdomostcustomersof“Allyoucaneat”restaurantslooklike?A.Veryfat.B.Verytall.C.Verythin.20.Whatisthespeechmainlyabout?A.FastfoodrestaurantsinAmerica.B.Restaurantsinthespeaker’shometown.C.Recommendationforpopularrestaurants. 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AGetreadytostartyourjourneytothebestpublicuniversitysystemintheworld-withjustoneapplication.ApplyformorethanoneUCcampusThiswillsignificantlyincreaseyourchancesofbeingadmittedtotheUCsystem.Whileyoumaynotreceiveanofferofadmissionfromyourfirst-choicecampus,allofourcampuses-withoutexception-provideoutstandingopportunitiesforyoutolearnandgrow.ApplyontimeYoucanfillouttheapplicationinasmanysessionsasyouwant.JustremembertosubmititbyNovember30forthefallterm.CreateanaccountAnemailaddressandpasswordarerequiredinordertocreateanaccount.Youshouldusetheemailaccountyouuseforallapplications,justtomakeiteasiertoremember.Wealsorecommendyouuseanonschoolissuedemailaccount,e.g.,Gmail,Yahoo.Campusessendimportantandtime-sensitivecorrespondencetoapplicants,soyoushouldcheckyouremailregularlytofollowuponyourapplication.SaveinformationYoushouldclick“Save&Continue”atthebottomofeachpagetosaveanyenteredinformation-thereisa20-minuteinactivityperiodafterwhichtheapplicationwillautomaticallysignyouout.Ifyou’vesuccessfullyansweredallrequiredquestions,thepagewillbemarkedwithacheckmarkontheright-handside.ConfirmationOnceyou’vesubmittedyourapplication,you’llseeaconfirmationpagewithimportantremindersandyourUCapplicationIDnumberwhichisusedtoaccessthevariouscampuswebsitesand,inmanycases,toaccessyouradmissiondecisions.21.Whatshouldstudentsdotoincreaseadmissionchances?A.Submitapplicationsontime.B.Applyformultiplecampuses.C.Openmorethanoneaccount.D.Decideononeidealcampus.22.Howcanstudentslearnaboutthelatestapplicationprocess?A.Bycheckingtheemail.B.Byvisitingthecampus.C.Bymakingphonecalls.D.BysigningupforYahoo.23.Whatwillstudentsgetaftercompletingtheapplication?A.Acheckmark.B.Anadmissioncall.C.Anemailaccount.D.AUCapplicationIDnumber.BIn2018,aseveredroughtbroughtCapeTowncloseto“DayZero”,whenitcouldhavebecometheworld’sfirstmajorcitytorunoutofwater.DamlevelsinSouthAfrica’sWesternCapefelltobelowafifthofcapacityandthe provincesuffereditsworstwatercrisisin100years.“Thewatersupplywasdwindlinganditjustwasn’training,”recallsThinusBooysen,aprofessoratStellenboschUniversity,whohadcreatedadevicein2015designedtohelphomeownerscuttheirpowerusage.Seekingtoreducewaterwaste,Booysenfiguredhecouldadaptthedevicetomeasurewaterusageinsteadofelectricityuse.Soon,Booysenlaunchedastart-up,BridgingtheInternetofThings(BridgIoT),todevelophisidea.CalledCountDropula,thedevicereportswaterusageonceaminutewhilemanyconventionaldevicesonlyrecorddataonceanhour.Thesystemusesanappintheuser’scellphoneandsendsshortmessagesinrealtime.“Withinminutes,wewouldbeabletotelltheuser,’Somethinghasburst,orsomethingisleaking,’”hesays.ThenBooysendiscoveredthatakeyissuewasmaintenance（维修）,withthepoorestschoolsusingbyfarthemostwater.Leakingtoiletscouldwaste1,000litersofwaterperday.“Wefoundthatthebiggestproblemsarethingslikechildrennotclosingtapsproperly,butoftenthatwouldbebecausethetapsjustdon’tclose,”Booysenexplains.Duringthetest,theinventionsavedoneschoolmorethanthreemillionlitersofwaterinthreemonths.Anotherreduceditswaterusage55percentinfourmonths.BusinessesincludingCapeTalkradiostationandAfrica’slargestfoodcompany,Shoprite,becamesponsors,partneringwiththeWesternCapeEducationDepartmenttoinstall（安装）testdevicesin350schools.Theysavedmorethan$2.7millionandalmost550millionlitersofwaterin17months.Booysenhaslookedatexpandingtogovernmentbuildings,hospitalsandhotels.ThereareplanstorolloutthedeviceacrossAfrica.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dwindling”inParagraph2probablymean?A.BeginningB.Continuing.C.Expanding.D.Decreasing.25.WhichwordscanbestdescribeBooysen?A.Proudanddetermined.B.Cautiousandfriendly.C.Creativeandcaring.D.Ambitiousbutgenerous.26.WhatdoweknowaboutCountDropula?A.Itworkssmartlytohelpsavewater.B.ItwasdesignedbyBooysenin2015.C.Itwillsoonbetestedin350schools.D.Itcutspowerusageefficiently.27.WhatwillBooysenprobablydonext?A.HewillbecomeamemberofShoprite.B.Hewillfurtherpromotehisnewinvention.C.HewillstopwaterpollutioninCapeTown.D.HewilltravelaroundAfricaforbetterideas.CNuclearbombs.That’sthego-toanswerforincomingspaceobjectslikeasteroids（小行星）andcometsasfarasHollywoodisconcerned.MovieslikeDeepImpactandArmageddonrelyonnuclearweapons,deliveredbystarslikeBruceWillis,tosavetheworldanddeliverthedrama.Butplanetarydefenseexpertssayinreality,ifastronomersspottedadangerousin-comingspacerock,thesafestandbestanswermightbesomethingmoresubtle,likesimplypushingitoffcoursebycrashingitwithasmallspacecraft.That’sjustwhatNASAdidonMondayevening,whenaspacecraftheadedstraightintoanasteroidcalledDimorphos,whichisaround7millionmilesawayandposesnothreattoEarth.It’sabout525feetacrossandorbits anotherlargerasteroid.Inimagesstreamed（传输）asthecrashneared,theegg-shapedasteroidgrewinsizefromalittlespotonscreentohaveitsfullrockysurfacecomequicklyintofocusbeforethesignalwentdeadasthecrafthitrightontarget.Eventshappenedexactlyasengineershadplanned,theysaid,withnothinggoingwrong.“Asfaraswecantell,ourfirstplanetarydefensetestwasasuccess,”saidElenaAdams,themissionsystemsengineer,whoaddedthatscientistslookedonwith“bothterrorandjoy”asthespacecraftneareditsfinaldestination.ThecrashwasthepeakofNASA’sDoubleAsteroidRedirectionTest(DART),a7-yearandmorethan$300millioneffortwhichlaunchedaspacevehicleinNovemberof2021toperformhumanity’sfirst-evertestofplanetarydefensetechnology.Itwillbeabouttwomonths,scientistssaid,beforetheywillbeabletodetermineifthecrashwasenoughtodrivetheasteroidslightlyoffcourse,probablyshorteningitsoriginalorbit.NASAplanstolaunchanasteroid-huntingspacetelescopenamedNEOSurveyorin2026.“We’vetrackedlotsofspacerocks,especiallythelargeronesthatcouldcauseextinction-levelevents.Thankfully,nonecurrentlythreatenEarth.ButmanyasteroidsthesizeofDimorphoshaven’tyetbeendiscovered,andthosecouldpotentiallytakeoutacityiftheycamecrashingdown.”explainsLindleyJohnson,NASA’sPlanetaryDefenseOfficer.28.Whydoestheauthormentionthemovies?A.Tomakeaprediction.B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Toprovideapossibility.D.Tomakeacomparison.29.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.NASApushedDimorphosbycrashing.B.The7-yearprogramhasdrawnaconclusion.C.NEOSurveyorhastrackedlotsofspacerocks.D.Dimorphoscouldcauseextinction-levelevents.30.WhichstatementdoesLindleyJohnsonmostpossiblyagreewith?A.LargerasteroidswillnotbeathreattoEarth.B.NASAshouldshouldertheresponsibilityforthecrash.C.AsteroidslikeDimorphosaremoredestructivethanotherlargerones.D.NEOSurveyorisexpectedtodiscoverasteroidsthesizeofDimorphos.31.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheimpactofplanetarydefensetechnologyB.AthreattoEarthfromasteroidsC.ThecontributiontospacesafetyD.AnintentionalcrashinspaceDThankstoin-depthreportingbyTheWallStreetJournal,wenowknowthatFacebookhaslongbeenawareitsproductInstagramhasharmfuleffectsonthementalhealthofmanyadolescentusers.Younggirls,inparticular,strugglewiththeirbodyimagethankstoaconstantstreamofphotosandvideosshowingbeautifulbodiesthatusersdon’tthinktheycanattain.Whiletheinformationthejournalcoveredisessentialandinstructive,itdoesnottellthewholestory.Deepdown,thisisnotanInstagramproblem;it’sapeopleproblem.Understandingthatdistinctioncanmakethedifferencebetweenafailedattempttocontainateen’sinterestinanaddictiveappandsuccessfullyaddressingtheunderlyingproblem leadingtomentaldistresscausedbyInstagram.CriticswerequicktoshameFacebookforsittingonthedataandnotreleasingittoresearchersoracademicswhoaskedforit.Otherscriticizethesocialmediagiantfornotusingtheresearchtocreateasaferexperienceforitsteenusers.Theanger,whileunderstandable,ismisplaced.WhileI’mreluctanttodefendFacebook,I’mnotsureit’sreasonabletoblamethecompanyforrefusingtogivedatathatwouldhurtitsbusiness.Haveyoueverbinge-watchedaNetflixseries?Iassureyouitwasn’tahealthyendeavor.Youwereinactive,likelydidnothingproductive,mindlesslysnackedanddidn’tgooutsideforfreshair.ItisanobjectivelyharmfuluseoftimetostareataTVorlaptopforafullweekend.ShouldwerespondbyshamingNetflixfornotalertingustohowdamaginganaddictiveproductcanbe?Whileit’sreasonabletosayInstagrammakesesteemissuesworse,itisalmostimpossibletobelieveitcausestheminthefirstplace.Youcreateyourownexperiencesonsocialmedia.Forthemostpart,youchoosewhichaccountstofollowandengage.Ifyou’realreadyvulnerabletoinsecuritiesandself-sabotage（自损）-asmanyteensare-youwillfindaccountstoobsessover.Andthisisn’tanewphenomenon.Beforesocialmedia,thereweresimilarissuesfuelingself-esteemissues.Whetherthetargetbemagazines,moviesortelevisionshowsdepictingdifficult-to-attainbodies,therehasbeenarelativelysteadychorusofexpertsnotingthedamagenewmediacouldcauseyoungviewers.Self-esteemissueshaveanunderlyingcause-onethat’sindependentofsocialmediause.Instagrammerelyenhancesthosefeelingsbecauseitprovidesinfinitelymoreaccesstotriggersthanolderformsofmedia.It’smoreworthwhiletoaddressthoseunderlyingfactorsratherthantoattackFacebook.32.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofthecriticismsagainstInstagram?A.TheyaddressthementalpaincausedbyInstagram.B.Theyarenotdirectedatthefundamentalproblem.C.TheyareonlybasedonthedatareleasedbyFacebook.D.Theyareeffectiveinchangingteens’interestinaddictiveapps.33.WhyisNetflixmentioned?A.TodefendwhyFacebookistoblame.B.ToshowNetflixdoesmoreharmtoteens.C.Tosuggestthecritics’remarksarenottothepoint.D.TocomparethecriticismsagainstitandFacebook.34.WhyistheInstagramproblemessentiallya“peopleproblem”？A.Peoplehaveatendencytofeelinsecureonline.B.Peoplearekeenonmakinguptheirself-profile.C.Itishumannaturetogetaddictedtosocialmedia.D.Usersdecideontheirexperiencesonsocialmedia.35.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.ThefiercecriticismfacedbyFacebook.B.TheharmfulimpactofInstagramonteenagers.C.Thealarmingonlinehabitsofteenagersworldwide. D.TherootofmentalsufferingscausedbyInstagram.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。MystudentsfrequentlyaskmehowIplannedoutmycareertobecomepresidentofFidelityInvestments.Ialwaystellthem,“Therewasnograndplan;Ibackedintomycareeronestepatatime.”Inthistougheconomyandever-changingworld,itismoreimportantthanevertosmartlyevaluateeachstepinyourcareer.Toprepareforwhateversurpriseslieahead,trytomakechoicestodaythatwillmaximizeyouroptionsinthefuture.36Gainingtransferable（可转移的）knowledgebeginswiththechoicesyoumakeatschool.Youwantyoureducationtoprovideyouwiththenecessaryskillsandexpertisetosucceedinawidevarietyofjobs.37Ifavorthosethatinvolveextensivewriting,rigorousanalysis,orquantitativeskills.Onceyouhavefinishedyourformaleducation,searchforjobsthatwillallowyoutofurtherexpandyourtransferableknowledge-tohelpyoufindyournextjob.Let’ssayyoutakeajobputtingtogetherairplaneleases（租赁）.Withinafewyears,youcouldbecometheworld’sexpertonthesubject.38Bycontrast,ifyoutakeajobthatwillexpandyourcomputerprogrammingskills,youcangreatlyboostyouroptionsforlaterstepsinyourcareer.Remembergainingtransferableknowledgeisonlyonepieceofthepuzzle.39Asasayinggoes,“Organizationsdon’thirepeople.Peoplehirepeople.”Themorepeopleyouknow,themorepeoplewillthinkofyouwhenajobpopsopen-evenwhenitisnotpubliclyadvertised.Ofcourse,youcanbuildyournetworktosomedegreewithoutchangingjobs.40Butthissortofevent-drivennetworkingpalesincomparisonwiththedeepbondsyoucandevelopwithyourcolleaguesbyworking,communicating,andtravelingwiththem.A.Youcanmakeyourselfmoreattractive.B.Gaintransferableexpertiseandformclosebondswithyourcolleagues.C.Yournextstepshouldhelpyouexpandyourwebofpersonalrelationships.D.Thislaterhelpedmeevaluateandstartbusinessunitsthroughouttheworld.E.Youcanattendconferencesorparticipateincommitteesattradeassociations.F.Thismeansthatyouneedtomakesmartchoicesaboutthecoursesyouwillfollow.G.However,thisnarrowexpertiseprobablywon’thelpyouinanyotherlineofwork.第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Peoplemaymisunderstandwhattheyusedtobefamiliarwith.Iremembera41professor,invitedtoourschool,taughtstressmanagementprinciplesinaschoolhall42withstudents.Asshe43aglassofwater,eachofusexpectedwe’dbeaskedthe44“glasshalf-emptyorglasshalf-full”question.45,withasmileonherface,theprofessorasked,“How46isthisglassofwaterI’mholding?”Allofusshoutedoutanswersrangingfrom8ouncestoacoupleofpounds. Shethenreplied,“Frommypointofview,theabsoluteweightofthisglassdoesn’tmatter.Itall47howlongIholdit.IfIholditforaminuteortwo,it’sratherlight.IfIholditforanhourstraight,itsweightmightmakemyarm48abit.IfIholditforadaystraight,myarmwilllikelycrampupandfeel49numbandparalyzed,50metodroptheglasstothefloor.Ineachcasementionedabove,the51oftheglassdoesn’tchange,butthelongerIholdit,theheavieritfeelstome.”Asthewholeclass52ourheadsinagreement,shecontinued,“Your53andworriesinlifeareverymuchlikethisglassofwater.Thinkaboutthemforalittlewhileand54happens.Thinkaboutthemabitlongerandyoubegintosufferalittle.Thinkaboutthemalldaylong,andyouwillfeelespeciallynumbandparalyzed-55ofdoinganythingelse56youdropthem.”It’simportanttorememberto57yourstressesandworries.Whateverhappensduringtheday,asearlyintheeveningasyoucan,putallyourburdensdown.Don’t58themthroughthenightandintothenextdaywithyou.Ifyoustillfeeltheweightof59stress,it’sastrongsignthatit’stimetoputthe60down.41.A.physicsB.chemistryC.literatureD.psychology42.A.decoratedB.connectedC.filledD.covered43.A.tookB.raisedC.drankD.pointed44.A.interestingB.meaningfulC.typicalD.personal45.A.ThereforeB.BesidesC.ThenD.Instead46.A.heavyB.muchC.cleanD.large47.A.stickstoB.contributestoC.agreesonD.dependson48.A.acheB.sourC.breakD.bend49.A.slightlyB.surprisinglyC.completelyD.regularly50.A.allowingB.forcingC.expectingD.ordering51.A.shapeB.colorC.weightD.size52.A.shookB.noddedC.hungD.lifted53.A.joysB.stressesC.laughsD.thrills54.A.everythingB.somethingC.anythingD.nothing55.A.ignorantB.unableC.ashamedD.incapable56.A.sinceB.afterC.ifD.until57.A.lookbackonB.bearinmindC.letgoofD.fitinwith58.A.carryB.botherC.tolerateD.care59.A.lastyear’sB.today’sC.yesterday’sD.thisyear’s60.A.workB.glassC.paperD.attempt第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ChatGPTisanexcitingnewtechnologythat61(take)theonlineworldbystormrecently.Asanaturallanguage62(process)system,itusesartificialintelligencetogeneratetext.ItisbasedonapowerfulandsophisticatedAImodeldesignedtounderstandthecontext63thestructureofnaturallanguage,allowingittogeneratetextbothmeaningfulandcomprehensive.Itcanalsolearnfromitsinputandcontinuallyimproveits performance.ChatGPTisagreattoolforbusinessesandorganizations64needtoquicklygeneratelargeamountsofcontent,likeblogposts,articles,andothertypesoftext-basedcontent.Itisalsousefulforcustomerservice,allowingbusinessestoquicklyrespond65customerinquirieswithnaturalsoundinganswers.Inthemedicalfield,ChatGPTcanbeusedtogeneratemedicalreports,disease66(analysis),andmedicaldocuments,allowingprofessionalstosavetimeandfocusonothertasks.Andineducation,ChatGPT67(serve)asahelpinghandforteacherstoprovidecoursematerials,assignments,andothereducationalcontents.Thiscouldbeespecially68(benefit)forteachersstrugglingtoprepareteachingmaterials.ChatGPTisan69(incredible)powerfultoolthathasthepotentialtorevolutionizethewaypeoplecommunicateandinteractwitheachother.Itisathrillingtechnologyrevolutionthatissuretohaveamajorimpactontheworldintheyears70(come).第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Theteenageyearfrom13to19werethemostdifficulttimeforme.Theywerealsothebestandworsetimeinmylife.Atthefirst,IthoughtIkneweverythingandcouldmakedecisionsbyyourself.Besides,myparentsdidn’tseemtothinkso.Theyalwaystellmewhattodoandhowtodoit.Atonetime,Ifeltmyparentscouldn’tunderstandmesoIhopedIcouldbefreelyfromthem.IshowedthemIwasindependentbywearstrangeclothes.NowIamleavinghometocollege.Atlast,Iwillbeonmyown,butIwilllovewhenmyparentsoffertosendmetoschool.第二节书面表达（满分25分）根据下面图画写一篇短文，包含以下要点：1.简单描述图画； 2.你对图画的理解；3.你的选择。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。高2023届高三下期4月检测参考答案听力1-5ACCBA6-10ABABC11-15ABABC16-20ABAAB阅读理解：21.B22.A23.D【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了投递申请进入世界上最好的公立大学系统的步骤和流程。21.细节理解题。根据第二段标题“ApplyformorethanoneUCcampus”和第二段第一句“ThiswillsignificantlyincreaseyourchancesofbeingadmittedtotheUCsystem.”可知，申请多所大学学院是学生增加录取机会的方法。故选B项。22.细节理解题。根据第四段“Campusessendimportantandtime-sensitivecorrespondencetoapplicants,soyoushouldcheckyouremailregularlytofollowuponyourapplication.”可知，学生了解最新申请进程是通过查看邮件。故选A项。23.细节理解题。根据最后一段“Onceyou’vesubmittedyourapplication,you’llseeaconfirmationpagewithimportantremindersandyourUCapplicationIDnumberwhichisusedtoaccessthevariouscampuswebsitesand,inmanycases,toaccessyouradmissiondecisions.”（一旦你提交了申请，你就会看到一个确认页面上面有重要的提醒和您使用的大学校园申请的身份号码，这可以用来访问各种校园网站，在很多情况下，还可以查看你的录取决定。）可知，学生在完成大学学院申请后可以获得一个大学校园申请的身份号码。故选D项。【答案】24.D25.C26.A27.B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自南非的ThinusBooyscn教授发明了一款智能水表，帮助人们节约用水。24.词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“aseveredrought”和“watercrisis”等信息可知，由于严重于早缺水，所以城市供水应该正在减少。由此可知，划线词意为“减少”，与decreasing同义。故选D。25.推理判断题。根据第二段中的“ThinusBooysen,aprofessoratStellenboschUniversity,whohadcreatedadevicein2015designedtohelphomeownerscuttheirpowerusage.Seekingtoreducewaterwaste,Booysenfiguredhecouldadaptthedevicetomeasurewaterusageinsteadofelectricityuse.”可知，Booysen为了帮助人们节约用电，在2015年设计了一款设备，在遭遇水危机时，他将这一设备加以改进使其能够监测用水情况。由此推知，他是一个不但关心民生而且善于创新的人。故选C。26.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“CalledCountDropula,thedevicereportswaterusageonceaminutewhilemanyconventionaldevicesonlyrecorddataonceanhour.Thesystemusesanappintheuser’scellphoneandsendsshortmessagesinrealtime.“Withinminutes,wewouldbeabletotelltheuser,’Somethinghasburst,orsomethingisleaking,’”hesays.（该设备名为CountDropula，每分钟报告一次用水量，而许多传统设备每小时只记录一次数据。该系统使用用户手机中的应用程序，实时发送短信。他说：“几分钟内，我们就能告诉用户，’有东西爆裂了，或者有东西泄漏了。’”）”可知，CountDropula这种设备是智能的，且能够帮助用户节约用水。故选A。 27.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Booysenhaslookedatexpandingtogovernmentbuildings,hospitalsandhotels.ThereareplanstorolloutthedeviceacrossAfrica”可知，Booysen想要进一步推广他的发明。故选B。28.B29.A30.D31.D【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了美国国家航空和宇宙航行局(NASA)的行星防御专家实施的行星防御测试，利用小型航天器与一块即将到来的危险太空岩石撞击，使太空岩石偏离轨道。28.推理判断题。文章第一段讲到“Nuclearbombs.That’sthego-toanswerforincomingspaceobjectslikeasteroidsandcometsasfarasHollywoodisconcerned.”可知，作者提到电影是为了介绍主题，故选B。29.推理判断题。文章第二段讲到“Butplanetarydefenseexpertssayinreality,ifastronomersspottedadangerousin-comingspacerock,thesafestandbestanswermightbesomethingmoresubtle,likesimplypushingitoffcoursebycrashingitwithasmallspacecraft.（但行星防御专家表示，事实上，如果天文学家发现了一块即将到来的危险太空岩石，最安全、最好的答案可能是更微妙的事情，比如用一艘小型航天器将其撞击，使其偏离轨道。）”可知，我们能从文章中推断出美国国家航空航天局通过撞击推动了Dimorphos，故选A。30.推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“We’vetrackedlotsofspacerocks,especiallythelargeronesthatcouldcauseextinction-levelevents.Thankfully,nonecurrentlythreatenEarth.ButmanyasteroidsthesizeofDimorphoshaven’tyetbeendiscovered,andthosecouldpotentiallytakeoutacityiftheycamecrashingdown.（我们已经追踪到了许多太空岩石，尤其是那些可能引发爆炸级事件的较大岩石。幸运的是，目前没有一颗威胁地球。但许多Dimorphos大小的小行星尚未被发现，如果它们坠落，可能会摧毁一座城市。）”可知，根据最后一段LindleyJohnson的观点最有可能是近地天体勘测者可能会发现Dimorphos大小的小行星，故选D。31.主旨大意题。文章第二段“Butplanetarydefenseexpertssayinreality，ifastronomersspottedadangerousin-comingspacerock,thesafestandbestanswermightbesomethingmoresubtle,likesimplypushingitoffcoursebycrashingitwithasmallspacecraft.（但行星防御专家表示，事实上，如果天文学家发现了一块即将到来的危险太空岩石，最安全、最好的答案可能是更微妙的事情，比如用一艘小型航天器将其撞击，使其偏离轨道。）”和第三段可知，文章主要介绍了美国国家航空和宇宙航行局（NASA）的行星防御专家实施的行星防御测试，利用小型航天器与一块即将到来的危险太空岩石撞击，使太空岩石偏离轨道。因此这篇文章最好的标题是人为设计的在太空中的撞击，故选D。32.B33.C34.D35.D【导语】本文为一篇议论文。《华尔街日报》报道中，Instagram对许多青少年用户的心理健康产生有害影响。但在作者看来，这是其诱发用户精神紧张，放大了自身的自尊问题所致，本质上是人的问题。32.推理判断题。根据文章第三段“CriticswerequicktoshameFacebookforsittingonthedataandnotreleasingittoresearchersoracademicswhoaskedforit.Otherscriticizethesocialmediagiantfornotusingtheresearchtocreateasaferexperienceforitsteenusers.Theanger，whileunderstandable，ismisplaced.(批评人士很快就指责Facebook搁置数据，不向要求提供数据的研究人员或学者提供数据。其他人批评这家社交媒体巨头没有利用这项研究为青少年用户创造更安全的体验。这种愤怒虽然可以理解，但却不恰当)”及第四段内容可知，作者认为对Instagram的批评并没有指向根本问题。故选B项。33.推理判断题。根据文章第四段“WhileI’mreluctanttodefendFacebook,I’mnotsureit’sreasonabletoblamethecompanyforwithholdingdatathatwouldhurtitsbusiness.(虽然我不愿意为Facebook辩护，但我不确定指责该公司隐瞒可能损害其业务的数据是否合理)”及“Haveyoueverbinge-watchedaNetflixseries?Iassureyouitwasn’tahealthyendeavor.Youwereinactive,likelydidnothingproductive,mindlesslysnackedanddidn’tgooutsidefor freshair.ItisanobjectivelyharmfuluseoftimetostareataTVorlaptopforafullweekend.ShouldwerespondbyshamingNetflixfornotalertingustohowdamaginganaddictiveproductcanbe?（你曾经疯狂地看Netflix的电视剧吗？我向你保证这不是一个健康的尝试。你很活跃，可能没有做任何有成效的事情，漫无目的地吃零食，也不出去呼吸新鲜空气。整个周末盯着电视或笔记本电脑，客观上是一种有害的时间利用。作为回应，我们是否应该羞辱Netflix，因为它没有提醒我们这种令人上瘾的产品有多大的危害）”可知，Netflix被提及是为了表明我们受到网络的影响很大原因是自己产生的，不能完全怪罪于网络媒体，Instagram也一样，作者在此表明批评者的言论并没有指出问题。故选C项。34.细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Youcreateyourownexperiencesonsocialmedia.Forthemostpart,youchoosewhichaccountstofollowandengage.Ifyou’realreadyvulnerabletoinsecuritiesandself-sabotage—asmanyteensare—youwillfindaccountstoobsessover.Andthisisn’tanewphenomenon.（你在社交媒体上创造自己的体验。在大多数情况下，你可以选择关注和参与哪些账户。如果你已经像许多青少年一样容易受到不安全感和自我破坏的伤害，你会发现账户让你着迷。这并不是一个新现象）”可知，Instagram问题本质上是“人的问题”是因为用户在社交媒体上决定自己的体验，不是Instagram产生了这些问题。故选D项。35.主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Deepdown，thisisnotanInstagramproblem;it’sapeopleproblem.(实际上，这不是Instagram的问题；这是人的问题)”及最后一段“Self-esteemissueshaveanunderlyingcause—onethat’sindependentofsocialmediause.Instagrammerelyenhancesthosefeelingsbecauseitprovidesinfinitelymoreaccesstotriggersthanolderformsofmedia.(自尊问题有一个潜在的原因，这个原因与社交媒体的使用无关。Instagram只是增强了这些感觉，因为它比旧的媒体形式提供了无限多的接触触发器的途径)”并结合全文内容可知，作者认为Instagram对于青少年用户产生心理影响，是其诱发精神紧张，放大自身的自尊问题所致。故选D项。36.B37.F38.G39.C40.E【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了职业生涯规划的影响技巧。36.根据下文“Gainingtransferable（可转移的）knowledgebeginswiththechoicesyoumakeatschool.（可转让收益知识始于你在学校做出的选择）”推知，上文提到了“transferable（可转移的）knowledge”。B项“Gaintransferableexpertiseandformclosebondswithyourcolleagues.（获得可转移的专业知识，并与同事建立密切联系）”符合语境，故选B。37.根据上文“Youwantyoureducationtoprovideyouwiththenecessaryskillsandexpertisetosucceedinawidevarietyofjobs.（你希望你的教育能为你提供必要的技能和专业知识，从而在各种各样的工作中取得成功）”可知，想要教育为你提供必要的技能和专业知识，就意味着对将要学习的专业课程做出明智的选择。F项“Thismeansthatyouneedtomakesmartchoicesaboutthecoursesyouwillfollow.（这意味着你需要对你将要学习的课程做出明智的选择）”符合语境，故选F。38.根据上文“Let’ssayyoutakeajobputtingtogetherairplaneleases.Withinafewyears,youcouldbecometheworld’sexpertonthesubject.（比方说，你做了一份飞机租赁的工作。几年内，你就可以成为这方面的世界专家）”以及下文“Bycontrast,ifyoutakeajobthatwillexpandyourcomputerprogrammingskills,youcangreatlyboostyouroptionsforlaterstepsinyourcareer.(相比之下，如果你从事的工作能够提高你的计算机编程技能，你可以极大地提高你职业生涯中后续步骤的选择。）”推知，空处与上文形成转折关系，指出这种领域的工作技能可能在其他行业帮不上忙。选项G“However,thisnarrowexpertiseprobablywon’thelpyouinanyotherlineofwork.（然而，这种狭隘的专业知识可能在任何其他工作领域都帮不上你）”承上启下，符合题意。故选G。 39.根据下文“Asasayinggoes,’Organizationsdon’thirepeople.Peoplehirepeople.‘（俗话说，’组织不雇佣人。人们雇佣人。’）”可知，人际关系非常重要，选项C“Yournextstepshouldhelpyouexpandyourwebofpersonalrelationships.（你的下一步应该可以帮助你拓展你的人际关系网）”符合题意，故选C。40.根据上文“Ofcourse,youcanbuildyournetworktosomedegreewithoutchangingjobs.（当然，你可以在一定程度上建立你的人际网络，而不必换工作）”说明可以使用其他的方式来建立人际关系网，选项E“Youcanattendconferencesorparticipateincommitteesattradeassociations.（你可以参加会议或参加贸易协会的委员会）”符合题意，故选E。完形填空：41.D42.C43.B44.C45.D46.A47.D48.A49.C50.B51.C52.B53.B54.D55.D56.D57.C58.A59.C60.B【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了心理学教授通过一杯水告诉学生们：生活中的压力和担忧就像这杯水。想一会儿，什么也不会发生。再多想一会儿，你就会开始有点疼了。整天想着它们，你会感到特别的麻木和麻痹——在你放下它们之前不能做任何事，建议要学会释放压力。41.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我记得我们学校邀请了一位心理学教授，在一个坐满学生的礼堂里教授压力管理原则。A.physics物理；B.chemistry化学；C.literature文学；D.psychology心理学。根据后文“teachingstressmanagementprinciples”可知教授压力管理原则的是心理学教授。故选D。42.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得我们学校邀请了一位心理学教授，在一个坐满学生的礼堂里教授压力管理原则。A.decorated装饰；B.connected连接；C.filled装满；D.covered覆盖。根据前文“invitedtoourschool,taughtstressmanagementprinciples”和后文“withstudents”指礼堂里坐满了学生，应用befilledwith固定搭配，意为“充满”。故选C。43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她端起一杯水时，我们每个人都以为自己会被问到“杯子半空还是半满”的典型问题。A.took拿出；B.raised提高，举起；C.drank喝；D.pointed指出。根据后文“aglassofwater”以及“I’mholding”指教授举起一杯水。故选B。44.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她端起一杯水时，我们每个人都以为自己会被问到“杯子半空还是半满”的典型问题。A.interesting有趣的；B.meaningful有意义的；C.typical典型的；D.personal个人的。根据后文“‘glasshalf-emptyorglasshalf-full’question.”可知大家以为教授会问“杯子半空还是半满”的典型问题。故选C。45.考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，她面带微笑问道：“我举着的这杯水有多重？”A.Therefore因此；B.Besides此外；C.Then然后；D.Instead相反。根据下文“Allofusshoutedoutanswersrangingfromeightouncestoacoupleofpounds”可知教授没有问那个典型问题，相反她问水有多重。故选D。46.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，她面带微笑问道：“我举着的这杯水有多重？”A.heavy重的；B.much多少；C.clean干净的；D.large大的。根据后文“Allofusshoutedoutanswersrangingfromeightouncestoacoupleofpounds.”大家猜测水的重量可知问的是水有多重。故选A。47.考查动词短语辨析。句意：它要取决于我拿多久。A.stickto坚持；B.contributesto有助于；C.agreeson同意；D.dependson取决于。根据后文“IfIholditforaminuteortwo,it’sfairlylight.”可知水有多重取决于拿的时间。故选D。48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我一直拿着它一个小时，它的重量可能会让我的胳膊有点疼。A.ache疼痛；B.sour变酸；恶化C.break折断；D.bend弯曲。呼应后文“Thinkaboutthemabitlongerandyoubegintoache alittle.”指拿着它一个小时，它的重量可能会让胳膊有点疼。故选A。49.考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果我连续举一天，我的手臂可能会抽筋，感觉完全麻木和麻痹，迫使我把杯子掉到地上。A.slightly稍微地；B.surprisingly惊人地；C.completely完全地；D.regularly定期地。根据后文“numbandparalyzed”可知把杯子举一天，手臂会完全麻木。故选C。50.考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我连续举一天，我的手臂可能会抽筋，感觉完全麻木和麻痹，迫使我把杯子掉到地上。A.allowing允许；B.forcing迫使；C.expecting期待；D.ordering命令。根据上文“myarmwilllikelycrampupandfeel9numbandparalyzed”可知，手臂因为麻木被迫把杯子掉到地上。故选B。51.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在以上每种情况下，杯子的重量都没有变化，但我拿得越久，就觉得它越重。A.shape形状；B.color颜色；C.weight重量；D.size尺寸。根据后文“oftheglassdoesn’tchange”可知不变的是杯子的重量。故选C。52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：全班都点头表示同意，她接着说：“你们生活中的压力和担忧就像这杯水。”A.shook摇动；B.nodded点头；C.hung悬挂；D.lifted举起。根据后文“ourheadsinagreement”可知全班都点头表示同意，故选B。53.考查名词词义辨析。句意：全班都点头表示同意，她接着说：“你们生活中的压力和担忧就像这杯水。”A.joys快乐；B.stresses压力；C.laughs笑；D.thrills兴奋。呼应上文“teachingstressmanagement”教授把压力比作这杯水。故选B。54.考查不定代词辨析。句意：思考一会儿，什么也没发生。A.everything一切；B.something某事；C.anything任何事；D.nothing没有什么。根据上文“Thinkaboutthemforawhile”并结合常识可知，思考这些压力一会儿，不会发生什么事情。故选D。55.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：整天想着它们，你会感到特别的麻木和麻痹一一在你放下它们之前你不能做任何事情。A.ignorant无知的；B.unable不能的；C.ashamed羞愧的；D.incapable无能力的，不会的。根据上文“youwillfeelspeciallynumbandparalyzed”可知整天想着这些压力，什么做不了，beincapableofdoingsth.“没有能力做某事；不会做某事”，unable不和of搭配，beunabletodosth.“不能做某事”。故选D。56.考查连接词词义辨析。句意：整天想着它们，你会感到特别的麻木和麻痹一一在你放下它们之前你不能做任何事情。A.since自从；B.after在……之后；C.if如果；D.until直到；在……之前。在你放下这些压力之前，你不能做任何事情，until引导时间状语从句。故选D。57.考查动词词义辨析。句意：重要的是要记住释放你的压力和担忧。A.lookbackon回忆；B.bearinmind记住；C.letgoof释放；D.fitinwith与……相符合。根据后文“Nomatterwhathappensduringtheday,asearlyintheeveningasyoucan,putallyourburdensdown.（不管白天发生了什么，晚上越早越好，放下你所有的负担）”可知，此处指释放你的压力和担忧。故选C。58.考查动词词义辨析。句意：不要带着它们度过漫漫长夜，直到第二天。A.carry搬运，携带；B.bother打扰；C.tolerate忍受；D.care关心。根据上文“Nomatterwhathappensduringtheday,asearlyintheeveningasyoucan,putallyourburdensdown.(不管白天发生了什么，晚上越早越好，放下你所有的负担)”可知强调不要带着压力过夜，故选A。59.考查短语和名词辨析。句意：如果你仍然感到昨天压力的重量，这是一个强烈的信号，是时候放下杯子了。A.lastyear’s去年的；B.today’s今天的；C.yesterday’s昨天的；D.thisyear’s今年的。根据上文“intothenextdaywithyou”可知，不要带着压力过夜，即此处指感受到的是昨天的压力，故选C。60.考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你仍然感到昨天压力的重量，这是一个强烈的信号，是时候放下杯子了。 A.work工作；B.glass杯子；C.paper试卷；D.attempt尝试。根据上文内容可知，教授把压力比作装着水的杯子，所以这里用放下杯子指代释放压力。故选B。语篇填空61.hastaken62.processing63.and64.that/which65.to66.analyses67.serves68.beneficial69.incredibly70.tocome短文改错Theteenagefrom13to19werethemostdifficulttimeforme.Theywerealsothebestandworsetimeinmylife.Atthefirst,IthoughtIkneweverythingandcouldmakedecisionsbyworstyourself.Besides,myparentsdidn’tseemtothinkso.TheyalwaysmewhattodoandhowmyselfHowever/Nevertheless/Nonethelesstodoit.Atonetime,Ifeltmyparentscouldn’tunderstandmesoIhopedIcouldbefromthem.IshowedthemIwasindependentbystrangeclothes.NowIamleavinghomecollege.Atlast,Iwillbeonmyown,butIwilllovewhenmyparentsoffertosendmetoschool.