江苏省南京市七校2021-2022学年高二英语下学期期末试题（Word版附解析）

2021-2022学年下期高2020级期末测试英语试题注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.满分150分，考试时间120分钟。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatwillthemandoonSaturday?A.Seeafilm.B.Haveaclass.C.Reviewhisnotes.2.Whyisthewoman’shairsobeautifulaccordingtoherself?A.Itisnatural.B. Aspecial diet helps.C. Sheusescertain products.3.Whatisthe probable relationshipbetweenthespeakers?A. Teacherandstudent.B. Doctorandpatient.C. Classmates.4.Whendoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inthesummer.B.Inthewinter.C.Inthespring.5.What is thewoman’sattitudeto theeffectsofthecoronavirus?A.Ithasbroughtoutthebestinpeople.B.People become angrierbecauseofit.C.Doctors andnurses willberespectedmore.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话,回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Whichprogramcancallpeople’stelephonenumbers?A. Zoom.B. Facebook.C. Skype.7.Whydoesthemanusethefreeversion?A. It’slessexpensive.B. It’sperfectforhisneeds.C. It’sabetterdealforprofessionals.听下面一段对话,回答第8和第9两个小题。8.Whatmightthewomanbe?A. A cook.B. A volunteer.C. A restaurantowner.9. Whendothespeakersfinishtheirworknormally?A. At8:00 p.m. B. At9:00 p.m. C. At10:00 p.m.听下面一段对话,回答第10至第12三个小题。10.Howmuchdoesthemanstillneedtopay back?A. $100. B. $500. C. $100011.Howdoesthemanprobablyfeelnow?A. Grateful. B. Desperate. C. Angry.12.Whatdidthemanusethemoneyfor?A. Theinvestment. B. Thecarrepairs. C. Theconcert.听下面一段对话,回答第13至第16四个小题。13.What doweknowabout EltonJohn?A. HegotanhonorfromtheQueen.B. Hedirectedafilmabouthimself.C. Hehassoldmillionsofbooks.14.HowmuchisagoldEltonJohncoinofficiallyworth?A.£13. B.£1000. C.£68,865.15.WhendidElton John havehisfirsthitrecord? A. In 1967. B. In 1969. C. In 197016.Whowas“CandleintheWind”writtenabout?A.PrincessDiana.B.Elton John’sband.C.MarilynMonroe听下面一段独白,回答第17至第20四个小题。17.Whereisthetalktakingplace?A. Inan educationcenter.B. Ina hospital.C. Ina news room.18.WhydidJimsetup the Center forLearning?A. Toeducatekids.B. Tomakemoney.C. Tohelpadults.19.Howmanycomputersdid thelocalbusinessmandonate?A.13. B. 15. C. 30.20.Whatisthemaintopicofthetalk?A. Abadaccident. B. Awonderfulman. C. Abiggift. 第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。ACityVarietiesTheatreTheHeadrow,Leeds.Tel.430808Oct.10-11onlyANightattheVarieties.AllthefunofanoldmusichallwithBarryCryer,DuggleBrown,6dancers,Mystina,JonBarker,AnneDuvalandtheTonyHarrisonTrio.Laughagainattheoldjokesandlistentoyourfavouritesongs.Performances:8p.m.nightly.Admission:￡5;under16orover60:￡4.YorkTheatreRoyalStLeonard’sPlace,York.Tel.223568Sept.23-Oct.17GropingforWords—acomedybySueTownsend,bestknownforherAdrianMoleDiaries.Townsendnowwritesaboutaneveningclasswhichtwomenandawomanattend.Agentlecomedy.Admission:Firstnight,Mon.:￡2;Tues.-Fri.:￡3.25-5.50;Sat.:￡3.50-5.75.HalifaxPlayhouse King’sCrossStreet,Halifax.Tel.365998Oct.10-17OnGoldenPondbyErnestThompson.Thisisamagicalcomedyaboutrealpeople.Abeautifullyproduced,well-actedplayforeveryone.Don’tmissit.Performances:7:30pm.Admission:￡2.Mon.;2seatsforthepriceofone.GrandTheatreOxfordStreet,Leeds.Tel.502116RestaurantandCafe.Oct.1-17TheSecretDiaryofAdrianMole,Aged13.SueTownsend’smusicalplay,basedonherbest-sellingbook.Performances:Evenings7:45.Oct.10-17,at2:30pm.NoMondayperformances.Admission:Tues.-Thurs.:￡2-5;Fri.&Sat.:￡2-6.1.IfyouarefreetogotoatheateronSeptember25,whichphonenumberwillyouringtobookaseat?A.502116B.223568C.365998D.4308082.Ifyouwanttoseeaplaywitholdjokesandsongs,whichtheatrewillyougoto?A.CityVarietiesTheatreB.YorkTheatreRoyalC.HalifaxPlayhouseD.GrandTheatre3.Accordingtothepassage,SueTownsendis______.A.anactressB.awriterC.amusicianD.adirector【答案】1.B2.A3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章通过广告的形式介绍了各个剧院的活动时间、内容及票价。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据YorkTheatreRoyal的“StLeonard’sPlace,York.Tel.223568”，以及第二行“Sept.23-Oct.17GropingforWords—acomedybySueTownsend,bestknownforherAdrianMoleDiaries.(在9月23号至10月17号，《摸索词汇》——苏·汤森德的喜剧，她最著名的作品是《阿德里安莫尔日记》)”可知，9月25号，可以在YorkTheatreRoyal看电影，因此要订座位的话，可以拨打223568，故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据CityVarietiesTheatre的“Laughagainattheoldjokesandlistentoyour favouritesongs.(再为那些老笑话开怀大笑，听你最喜欢的歌曲)”可知，如果想看有老笑话和老歌曲的戏剧，可以去CityVarietiesTheatre，故选A项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据GrandTheatre的第三段第二句“SueTownsend’smusicalplay,basedonherbest-sellingbook.(苏·汤森的音乐剧，根据她最畅销的书改编），可以推测出SueTownsend是一位作家，故选C项。BGrowingupinHavana,Cuba,MarioGarciawasawell-knownchildactor.Hewasabout10yearsoldthefirsttimeheeversteppedontheset.Itbeganwithachanceencounter.MariohadbeensittingonabenchoutsideastudioinHavana,waitingwhilehisfatherandhisbandwereperforming.Suddenly,someoneapproachedhimandsaid,“Wearetryingtotestforthiscommercial.”Sohegotupandhadanaudition(试境).Evenwithnoactingexperience,itquicklyfeltlikeanaturalcareerpath.Fromthecommercial,hewentontobeonTVseriesandamovieandallthat.Butarevolutioncameandinitswake,hiscareerwasbrokenoff.Mariowas15whenhehadtoflytoAmericaasarefugee(难民).HelandedinMiami,wherehewenttolivewithhisauntandunclewhilehisparentsstayedinCuba.TheyjoinedhiminMiamiaboutayearlater.Marioclearlyrecalledthedayheleft:Feb.28,1962.HewasinhighschoolthatfirstyearinFlorida.Itwasachallengelivinginaforeigncountrywithnolanguage,noparentsandgoingtoschool.Hehadtogofrombeinganactortobeingawaiter.Healwayswenttoanalleybehindtherestaurantandsatonawoodenboxanddriedthetearswithhisapron.ButMario’soptimismneverfailedhim.HewentontoearnhisPh.D.inSpanishlanguageandliteraturefromtheUniversityofMiami.HecurrentlyteachesjournalismatColumbiaUniversity.Still,hesaid,“I’mnotgivingupongettingagoodpartinamovie.”Mario’slatestactingjobwasasanextrainthenewmusicaldramafilmIntheHeights.Hecontinuestoauditionfornewroles.4.WhatdoweknowaboutMario’searlyactingcareer?A.Ithadsomethingtodowithgoodluck.B.Itarosefromhispassionforacting.C.Itdidn’tarousehisinterestinartatall.D.Itwasdrivenbyhisurgetoachievefame.5.WhathappenedtoMarioonFebruary28,1962? A.Heinvolvedhimselfinarevolution.B.HefailedtojoinhisfamilyinMiami.C.Hegaveuphisactingcareercompletely.D.HehadtostartanewlifeinAmerica.6.WhatcanbelearnedaboutMario’sfirstyearinFlorida?A.Itwasfullofstoriesbutinteresting.B.Itwaspainfulbutendedinsuccess.C.ItwashardandchallengingforMario.D.ItwasablowtoMarioandhisfamily.7.WhatmessagedoesMario’sstorymainlyconvey?A.Upsanddownsmakeonestrong.B.Anoptimisticmancanstickitout.CFameisagreatthirstoftheyoung.D.Experiencehelpstopromoteexcellence.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一位明星马里奥·加西亚，偶然获得一次试镜机会开启演艺生涯的故事，在这个过程中他经历了很多艰难困苦，但乐观的马里奥没有被打败并获得了成功。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Hewasabout10yearsoldthefirsttimeheeversteppedontheset.Itbeganwithachanceencounter.(他第一次踏上片场大约是在10岁的时候。一切始于一次偶然的相遇。)”和第二段“Suddenly,someoneapproachedhimandsaid,“Wearetryingtotestforthiscommercial.”Sohegotupandhadanaudition(试境).Evenwithnoactingexperience,itquicklyfeltlikeanaturalcareerpath.Fromthecommercial,hewentontobeonTVseriesandamovieandallthat.(突然，有人走近他说：“我们正在试拍这个广告。”于是他起身去试镜。即使没有任何表演经验，我也很快觉得这是一条很自然的职业道路。从广告开始，他又出演了电视剧和电影等等。)”可知，马里奥在毫无经验时，偶然获得了一个试镜机会，开启了他的职业生涯，由此可知，马里奥早期的演艺生涯是有点好运的。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Marioclearlyrecalledthedayheleft:Feb.28,1962.HewasinhighschoolthatfirstyearinFlorida.Itwasachallengelivinginaforeigncountrywithnolanguage,noparentsandgoingtoschool.(马里奥清楚地记得他离开的那一天：1962年2月28日。他在佛罗里达读高中的第一年。生活在异国他乡，没有语言，没有父母，还要上学，这是一个挑战。)”可知，马里奥在1962年2月28日这一天要开始独立在美国开始新生活，故选D。 【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“HewasinhighschoolthatfirstyearinFlorida.Itwasachallengelivinginaforeigncountrywithnolanguage,noparentsandgoingtoschool.Hehadtogofrombeinganactortobeingawaiter.Healwayswenttoanalleybehindtherestaurantandsatonawoodenboxanddriedthetearswithhisapron.(他在佛罗里达读高中的第一年。生活在异国他乡，没有语言，没有父母，还要上学，这是一个挑战。他不得不从一个演员变成一个服务员。他总是走到餐馆后面的一条巷子里，坐在一个木箱子上，用围裙擦干眼泪。)”可知，在美国第一年的生活对马里奥来说非常困难且具有挑战性。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“ButMario’soptimismneverfailedhim.HewentontoearnhisPh.D.inSpanishlanguageandliteraturefromtheUniversityofMiami.(但马里奥的乐观从未将他打败。后来，他在迈阿密大学获得了西班牙语和文学博士学位。)”可知，乐观的马里奥在非常困难且具有挑战性的情况下可以坚持并取得成功，由此可知，马里奥的故事主要传达了一个道理：乐观的人能坚持到底。故选B。CInMacau’sColoaneVillage,thedelicioussmellofbuttergentlywaftsthroughtheair,attractingcustomersintoasmall,unassuming(不张扬的)shop.ItisLordStow’sBakery,famedforitsPortugueseeggtarts.Theyhaveaflaky(酥脆的)texture,whilethecustard(牛奶蛋糊)isnottoosweet.ThebakerywasstartedbyAndrewStow32yearsago.OriginallyfromEssexineasternEngland,AndrewworkedforBritishdrugstorechainBootsasanindustrialpharmacist(工业药剂师)HemovedtoMacauin1979toworkforAngloFrenchLaboratories.Whenthecompanyleftafewyearslater,Andrewdecidedtostayandsetuphisownbusinesssellinghealthfoods,whichwasofcourse20yearsaheadofitstime.Thebusinessdidnotdowell.TomakeendsmeetAndrewtookasidejobmanagingAlfonso’sRestaurantattheHyattRegencyHotel.Hegotthename“LordStow”fromhisPortuguesefriends,wholaughedathimforlordingitoverthem.Althoughhishealthfoodbusinessnevertookoff,Andrewfoundanicheimportingflourforexpatriates(侨)whowantedtomaketheirownbread.WhenhewenttoPortugal,Andrewsawtheroadsidebakeriessellingpasteisdenata(Portugueseeggtarts).Hethoughtaboutintroducingitto Macau.TheonlyproblemwasthatAndrewdidnothavearecipeforpesteisdenata,buthewasnotdiscouraged.Hestartedexperimenting.WiththehelpofacheffriendattheHyattRegency,hedevelopedhisownversionofpastiesdenata.ItfeaturedaPortuguesepastry(油酥面皮)casefilledwithaBritishcustardthatisslightlyburnedonthetop.AfterAndrewdiedsuddenlyofasthma(哮喘)inOctober2006,hissisterEileencontinuedmanagingthebusiness.“Ican’tbelievethebusinesshasgrownthismuchin32years.AndIdoubtwhetherAndrewexpectedthatitwouldhavealonghistory,”shesays.TheMacaugovernmenthonoredAndrewwithagoldmedalforhisservicestotourism.Theyrecognizedthathehadcreatedaniconic(标志性的)pastrythatwouldbeforeverlinkedwithMacau.8.WhatcanweinferfromthepassageaboutAndrewStow?A.HegotalongwellwithhisPortuguesefriendsinMacau.B.Hemadeafortunebyimportingflourtoexpatriates.C.HedidnotexpecthiseggtartstobewildlypopularinMacau.D.HehadnotledaneasylifebeforedecidingtosettleinMacau.9.WhichwordscanbestdescribeAndrewStowaccordingtothepassage?A.Ambitiousandcreative.B.HardworkingandcautiousC.HardworkingandcaringD.Determinedandgenerous10.Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthepassage?A.①—②③—④⑤—⑥⑦B.①—②③④—⑤⑥—⑦C.①—②③—④⑤⑥—⑦D.①②—③④—⑤—⑥⑦11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheLegendLifeofAndrewStowB.LordStow’sSweetStoryC.AFamousBakeryinMacauD.PopularityofthePortugueseeggtarts【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了AndrewStow在澳门创办了一家著名的蛋挞店，介绍了其生平以及创办的过程。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段他妹妹的话“Ican’tbelievethebusinesshasgrownthismuchin32 years.AndIdoubtwhetherAndrewexpectedthatitwouldhavealonghistory(我不敢相信我们的生意在32年里增长了这么多。我怀疑Andrew是否料到它会有这么长的历史)”可知，Andrew并没有想到自己蛋挞会在澳门流行这么久。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“”Whenthecompanyleftafewyearslater,Andrewdecidedtostayandsetuphisownbusinesssellinghealthfoods,whichwasofcourse20yearsaheadofitstime.(几年后，这家公司离开了，Andrew决定留下来，创办自己的公司，销售健康食品，这当然超前了20年。)可推断，Andre是个有志向的人；再根据第五段“Hestartedexperimenting.WiththehelpofacheffriendattheHyattRegency,hedevelopedhisownversionofpastiesdenata.ItfeaturedaPortuguesepastry(油酥面皮)casefilledwithaBritishcustardthatisslightlyburnedonthetop.(他开始尝试。在凯悦酒店一位厨师朋友的帮助下，他发明了自己版本的蛋挞。它的特色是一个葡萄牙油酥面皮，里面装满了顶部微微烧焦的英国蛋奶冻。)”可推断，他极具创造力。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章结构可知，第一段主要是引出主题：澳门的一家葡式蛋挞店；第二、三、四段介绍了该家店的创始人AndrewStow的早年经历；第五、六段介绍了AndrewStow如何发明自己的蛋挞配方并取得成功；第七段对AndrewStow的贡献做出总结。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了澳门葡式蛋挞的创始人AndrewStow的生平以及他如何发明蛋挞配方并取得成功。从文中第三段“Hegotthename“LordStow”fromhisPortuguesefriends,wholaughedathimforlordingitoverthem.(他从他的葡萄牙朋友那里得到了“斯托勋爵”的称号，他们戏称他对他们发号施令。)”可知，LordStow指的就是AndrewStow，而文章讲的是他和他的蛋挞的故事。故选B。DAsatelliteisabouttodemonstrateanewwayofcapturingspacejunkwithmagnetsforthefirsttime.Withthefrequencyofspacelaunchesdramaticallyincreasinginrecentyears,thepotentialforadisastrouscollisionaboveEarthiscontinuallygrowing.Now,Japaneseorbitalclean-upcompanyAstroscaleistestingapotentialsolution.Thefirm’sEnd-of-LifeServicesbyAstroscaledemonstrationmissionisscheduledtoliftoffon20MarchaboardaRussianSoyuzrocket.Itconsistsoftwospacecraft:asmaller“client”satelliteandalarger“servicer”satellite,or“chaser”.Thesmallersatelliteisequippedwithamagnetic(磁力的) platewhichallowsthechasertodockwithit.Thetwostackedspacecraftwillperformthreetestsonceinorbit,eachofwhichwillinvolvetheservicersatellitereleasingandthenrecapturingtheclientsatellite.Thefirsttestwillbethesimplest,withtheclientsatellitedriftingashortdistanceawayandthenbeingrecaptured.Inthesecondtest,theservicersatellitewillsettheclientsatellitetumblingbeforecatchingupwithitandmatchingitsmotiontograbit.Finally,ifthosetwotestsgowell,thechaserwillliveuptoitsnamebylettingtheclientsatellitefloatafewhundredmetresawaybeforefindingitandattachingtoit.Allofthesetestswillbeperformedautonomously,withlittletonohumaninputoncetheyaresetinmotion.“Thesekindsofdemonstrationshaveneverbeendonebeforeinspace-theyareverydifferentto,say,anastronautcontrollingaroboticarmontheInternationalSpaceStation,”saysJasonForshawatAstroscaleUK.“Thisismoreofanautonomousmission.”Attheendofthetests,bothspacecraftwillburnupinEarth’satmosphere.Ifcompanieswantedtousethiscapability,theywouldhavetoattachamagneticplatetotheirsatellitessotheycouldbecapturedlater.Becauseofthegrowingspacegarbageproblem,manycountriesnowrequirefirmstohaveawaytobringbacktheirsatellitesoncetheyrunoutoffuelorfail,sothiscouldbeafairlysimplelikelyplan,Forshawsays.Rightnow,eachchasercanonlynabonesatellite,butAstroscaleisworkingonaversionthatcoulddragthreeorfouroutoforbitatonce.12.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“dockwith”inParagraph2?A.dealwithB.keepupwithC.jointogetherD.crash13.Whymanycountriesnowrequirefirmstohaveawaytobringbacktheirsatellites?A.Becauseofthegrowingspacewasteproblem.B.Becausethefrequencyofspacelaunchesaredramaticallyincreasing.C.Becausetheycanearnlargeprofitsfromit.D.BecauseAstroscalehasfoundanewmethodofcapturingthespacegarbage.14.WhatwillAstroscaledotosolvethespacejunkproblem?A.AnastronautcontrolsaroboticarmontheInternationalSpacetocapturethe“client”satelliteB.Throughamagneticplateremotelycontrolledbyhumansonthegroundtocatchthe“client”satelliteC.Findingthe“client”satelliteandattachingtoitwithamagneticplateautomatically D.Tumblingtomatchthemotionof“client”satellitethedragthreeorfoursatellitesoutofitsorbitintoatmosphere.15.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.peoplewillburnthespacejunkupinEarth’satmosphereinthefutureB.JapanandRussiawillconductspacedebriscleanupexperimenttogetherC.Thesekindsofdemonstrationshaveneverbeendonebefore.D.thedemonstrationmissionwillbedividedintothreephases【答案】12.C13.A14.C15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。随着近年来空间发射频率的急剧增加，地球上空发生灾难性碰撞的可能性不断增大。现在，日本轨道清理公司Astroscale正在测试一种解决方案，以期应对日益严重的太空垃圾问题。【12题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段第一句“Itconsistsoftwospacecraft:asmaller“client”satelliteandalarger“servicer”satellite,or“chaser”.Thesmallersatelliteisequippedwithamagnetic(它由两个航天器组成:一个较小的“客户”卫星和一个较大的“服务”卫星，或称“追逐者”卫星。较小的卫星装有磁板)”可知，这颗较小的卫星装有一块磁板，可以让“追逐者”与它对接由此可知划线部分“dockwith”与“jointogether”的意思相近，表示“连接在一起”的意思。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“Becauseofthegrowingspacegarbageproblem,manycountriesnowrequirefirmstohaveawaytobringbacktheirsatellitesoncetheyrunoutoffuelorfail,sothiscouldbeafairlysimplelikelyplan,Forshawsays.(Forshaw说，由于日益严重的太空垃圾问题，许多国家现在要求公司在卫星燃料耗尽或出现故障时有办法将其带回，因此这可能是一个相当简单的可行计划)”可知，因为日益严重的太空垃圾问题，许多国家现在要求公司带回他们的卫星。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段后两句“Itconsistsoftwospacecraft:asmaller“client”satelliteandalarger“servicer”satellite,or“chaser”.Thesmallersatelliteisequippedwithamagnetic(磁力的)platewhichallowsthechasertodockwithit.(它由两个航天器组成：一个小型的“客户”卫星和一个较大的“服务”卫星，或称“追逐者” 。较小的卫星配备了使追踪器与之对接的板磁力板)”及第三段第一句“Thetwostackedspacecraftwillperformthreetestsonceinorbit,eachofwhichwillinvolvetheservicersatellitereleasingandthenrecapturingtheclientsatellite.(两个堆叠的航天器将在轨道上进行三次试验，每一次试验都将涉及释放服务卫星，然后重新捕获客户卫星)”，以及第四段最后一句“Allofthesetestswillbeperformedautonomously,withlittletonohumaninputoncetheyaresetinmotion.(所有这些测试都将自动执行，一旦启动，几乎不需要人工输入)”可知，Astroscale公司会通过服务卫星找到客户卫星，服务卫星通过客户卫星上的磁力板连接上客户卫星，进而捕获客户卫星，整个过程都是自动执行的。通过这样的过程，就可以捕获太空中的垃圾。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Thetwostackedspacecraftwillperformthreetestsonceinorbit,eachofwhichwillinvolvetheservicersatellitereleasingandthenrecapturingtheclientsatellite.(两个堆叠的航天器将在轨道上进行三次试验，每一次试验都将涉及服务卫星释放，然后重新捕获客户卫星)”可知，这个示范任务将会进行三个不同的测试，可以推断出这个任务会被分成三个不同阶段。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Humanbodieswereactuallydesignedforwalking,awonderfulformofexerciseatnocost.It’skindtoourbodiesandgreatforourwaistlines.___16___Probablyyoualreadylovetowalk,butyou’regettingboredoftracingthesameoldroutedayafterday,ormaybeyou’renewtowalkingandaren’tsurehowtogetstarted.___17___Askyourself,whatdoyouwanttogetoutofwalkingasidefromthehealthbenefits?Doyouwanttomeetotherpeople?Seenewplaces?Getoutintothecountrysideorexploreanewcity?Knowingyourgoalswillhelpyoudecideonthetypeofwalkyouwanttodo.Callupyourfriendsandschedulewalkswiththemifsocializingisyouraim.___18___Manymallshavegroupsthatcomeeveryday,oreveryweekend,to“walkthemall”.Thesegroupsarealwayshappytoincludeonemorewalker!___19___Manylargecitieshaveincrediblegardensandparksthatincludequietwalkingtrailsgettingyouoffthebeatenpath.ThankstotheRailstoTrailsprogram,railwaysacrossthecountryarebeingtransformedintoscenicwalkingpathsthatareaperfectwaytoseekcalmness. Fromthebenefitstoyourhearttoyouroverallhappiness,walkingisjustplaingoodforyou.___20___It’safantasticwaytogettoknowaplacebythepowerofyourowntwofeet.A.Thismonth,pickupamapandstartwalking.B.Askyourfriendswheretheyliketowalkandjustgothere.C.Youmayaswellconsiderheadingtoanewcityforachange.D.Eitherway,it’stimetoaccepttheideaofwalkingwithapurpose.E.Recently,sciencehasprovedthatwalkingisgoodforyourbodyshape.F.Andbestofall,it’sagreatwaytoseenewthingsandmeetnewpeople!G.Ifyou’reafterwalkingalone,askaboutlocalhikesthatgetyouawayfromthecrowd.【答案】16.F17.D18.B19.G20.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了散步对人的一些好处以及如何选择散步路线的建议。【16题详解】根据前文“It’skindtoourbodiesandgreatforourwaistlines.(这对我们的身体很好，对我们的腰围也很好)”可知，此处是讲散步的好处，所以选项F“最重要的是，这是看到新事物和认识新朋友的好方法！”切合文意。故选F。【17题详解】根据前文“Probablyyoualreadylovetowalk,butyou’regettingboredoftracingthesameoldroutedayafterday,ormaybeyou’renewtowalkingandaren’tsurehowtogetstarted.(也许你已经喜欢散步了，但是你已经厌倦了日复一日走同样的路线，或者也许你是步行新手，不知道如何开始)”可知，此处是讲你可能已经厌倦了日复一日同样的路线，或者不知道如何开始，是时候尝试新的做法了。再根据后文“Knowingyourgoalswillhelpyoudecideonthetypeofwalkyouwanttodo.(知道你的目标将帮助你决定你想要走的类型)”可知，此处提到了要有自己的目标。所以选项D“不管怎样，是时候接受带着目标散步的想法了。”能够承上启下，切合文意。故选D。【18题详解】根据前文“Callupyourfriendsandschedulewalkswiththemifsocializingisyouraim.(如果社交是你的目标，打电话给你的朋友，和他们一起安排散步)”可知，此处是指和朋友商议散步路线，所以选项B“问问你的朋友他们喜欢在哪里散步，就去那里。”切合文意。故选B。 【19题详解】根据后文“Manylargecitieshaveincrediblegardensandparksthatincludequietwalkingtrailsgettingyouoffthebeatenpath.(许多大城市都有极好的花园和公园，其中有安静的步道，让你远离常走的路)”可知，此处是指喜欢安静地独自散步，所以选项G“如果你是一个人散步，问一下当地能让你远离人群的徒步旅行。”切合文意。故选G。【20题详解】根据后文“It’safantasticwaytogettoknowaplacebythepowerofyourowntwofeet.(通过自己的双脚来了解一个地方是一种很好的方式)”可知，此处是号召人们开始散步，所以选项A“这个月，拿起一张地图，开始散步。”切合文意。故选A。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Lastsummer,Iwassufferingfromtoomuchstress,I’djustgraduatedfromachallengingdoctoralprogramandwas____21____fromtheyearsofresearch,studyandwriting.Itookavacationtocelebrate,buttheacademicintensityhadbecomea____22____.SittingonthebeautifullawnofthehotelonMackinacIsland,IjustfeltlikeIshouldbestudyingorworkingasusual.____23____seeingnaturalbeautywouldhaverelaxedme,butIcouldn’t____24____.Icouldn’thelplookingatmycellphonerepeatedlyincaseImissedsomethingimportant.“Enough,”Imurmured.Ineededto____25____,butwhycouldn’tI?Adragonflybuzzedaroundme.Witheach____26____,thiscreature’swingschangedcolor—blueonemoment,greenthenext.Dragonfliesusuallyfascinatedmewiththeirquickmovementsthat____27____meofacrobats(杂技演员)inthewind,butIwasn’tinthe____28____thatday.WhatIneededthenwas____29____,notmovement.Asifoncue,thedragonflycametorestonabladeofgrassinfrontofme.Iwatchedthatdragonflycarefullyformanyminutes.Sodidthedragonfly.“It’snotamatterofrelaxing,”itseemedtosay.“It’samatterof____30____thenow,thehere.Lifeissoshort.Behereinthemomentandletthe____31____takecareofitself.”Suddenly,I____32____thisbeautifulcreature,whoonlyhadmonthstolive,was“instructing”meaboutthe____33____oflifeandfeltmuchrelaxed.Thedragonflyseemed____34____thatitsmessagehadbeendelivered.Itsprangfrom thegrassandflewaway.Ididn’tseeitagain.ButIwouldneverforgetwhatittaughtme:Behereand____35____yourself.21.A.distractedB.withdrawnC.exhaustedD.separated22.A.traditionB.strengthC.burdenD.habit23.A.GenerallyB.EventuallyC.ParticularlyD.Exactly24.A.settledownB.breakdownC.slowdownD.getdown25.A.concentrateB.unwindC.continueD.pause26.A.movementB.changeC.advanceD.performance27.A.convincedB.informedC.remindedD.warned28.A.wayB.moodC.stateD.position29.A.progressB.admirationC.considerationD.stillness30.A.rememberingB.understandingC.appreciatingD.recognizing31.A.lifeB.historyC.momentD.future32.A.guessedB.realizedC.agreedD.admitted33.A.valueB.contentC.realityD.principle34.A.concernedB.doubtfulC.satisfiedD.regretful35.A.enjoyB.collectC.suitD.conduct【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.C25.B26.A27.C28.B29.D30.C31.D32.B33.A34.C35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是作者在博士项目毕业后休假，但无法让自己从一贯的高强度学习状态中放松下来的事情，在这过程中作者通过观察一只蜻蜓，明白了珍惜当下的道理，心情豁然开朗。【21题详解】考查形容词义辨析。句意：去年夏天，我承受了太多的压力，我刚刚从一个具有挑战性的博士项目毕业，多年的研究、学习和写作让我筋疲力尽。A.distracted分心的；B.withdrawn沉默寡言的；C.exhausted精疲力尽的；D.separated分居的。根据句意提到作者多年研究、学习和写作可知，这些事情让作者“精疲力尽”。故选C。 【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我放了个假来庆祝，但学习的强度已经成为一种习惯。A.tradition传统；B.strength力量；C.burden负担；D.habit习惯。根据下文“SittingonthebeautifullawnofthehotelonMackinacIsland,IjustfeltlikeIshouldbestudyingorworkingasusual.”可知，学习对于作者来说已经是一种“习惯”。故选D。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：一般来说，看到自然美景会让我放松下来，但我不能放慢速度。A.Generally一般，通常；B.Eventually最终；C.Particularly特别地；D.Exactly准确地。根据句意和常识可知，看到美景“一般”会让人放松下来，故选A。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一般来说，看到自然美景会让我放松下来，但我不能放慢速度。A.settledown定居；B.breakdown分解，发生故障；C.slowdown慢下来；D.getdown下来。根据下文“Icouldn’thelplookingatmycellphonerepeatedlyincaseImissedsomethingimportant.”可知作者无法从学习中“慢下来”。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我需要放松，但为什么不能呢？A.concentrate集中，聚集；B.unwind放松；C.continue继续；D.pause暂停。根据前文内容可知，作者此时在休假，所以作者需要“放松”。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着每一个动作，这种生物的翅膀会改变颜色——一会儿是蓝色，一会儿是绿色。A.movement动作，运动；B.change改变；C.advance前进；D.performance表现。根据句意提到蜻蜓的翅膀变色，以及下文“Dragonfliesusuallyfascinatedmewiththeirquickmovements”中的movements可知，此处表示“蜻蜓的每一个动作”。故选A。【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：蜻蜓的快速动作通常让我着迷，让我想起了风中杂技演员，但那天我没有心情。A.convinced使……确信；B.informed通知；C.reminded使想起；D.warned警告。根据句意可知，此处表示“蜻蜓的动作与杂技演员的动作相似”，所以是“使作者想起”，动词短语remindsbofsth.表示“使某人想起……”。故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：蜻蜓的快速动作通常让我着迷，让我想起了风中杂技演员，但那天我没有心情。A.way路，方式；B.mood心情；C.state状态；D.position位置。根据前文可知，作者在休假中，还是无法从高强度的学习状态中慢下来，无法放松，所以此处表示作者那天“没有心情”。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时我需要的是沉静，而不是运动。A.progress进步；B.admiration钦佩；C.consideration考虑；D.stillness沉静，静止。根据前文提到作者没有心情，无法放松，结合“notmovement”可推知，作者此时需要“沉静”。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个珍惜现在、珍惜这里的问题。A.remembering记得；B.understanding理解；C.appreciating珍惜，欣赏，感激；D.recognizing识别。根据下文“Suddenly,I　12　thisbeautifulcreature,whoonlyhadmonthstolive,was“instructing”meaboutthe　13　oflifeandfeltmuchrelaxed.”可知，蜻蜓在“指导”作者珍惜当下，故选C。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：活在当下，让未来顺其自然。A.life生命，生活；B.history历史；C.moment时刻；D.future未来，将来。根据“Behereinthemoment”可推知，此处表示要“活在当下”，那么就让“未来”顺其自然，故选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我意识到这个只有几个月生命的美丽生物正在“指导”我生命的价值，我感到非常轻松。A.guessed猜想；B.realized意识到；C.agreed同意；D.admitted 承认。根据句意提到“我感到非常轻松”，说明，作者意识到蜻蜓对自己的在生命价值方面“指导”。故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，我意识到这个只有几个月生命的美丽生物正在“指导”我生命的价值，我感到非常轻松。A.value价值；B.content内容；C.reality真实；D.principle原则。根据前文“Lifeissoshort.Behereinthemomentandletthe11takecareofitself.”可知，这是对生命“价值”的指导。故选A。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那只蜻蜓似乎很满意它的信息被传达了。A.concerned关心的；B.doubtful怀疑的；C.satisfied满意的；D.regretful遗憾的。根据下一句“Itsprangfromthegrassandflewaway.”可知，蜻蜓似乎知道作者理解它的意思，所以是对传达出信息感到“满意”，然后飞走了，故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我永远不会忘记它教会我的东西：在这里，享受自己。A.enjoy享受；B.collect收集；C.suit适合；D.conduct指导。根据前文““It’snotamatterofrelaxing,”itseemedtosay.“It’samatterof　10　thenow,thehere.Lifeissoshort.Behereinthemomentandletthe　11　takecareofitself.””可知，蜻蜓教会作者“珍惜当下，享受自己”。故选A。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。EversincejoiningChina’sfitnesscraze,singerandcomposerLiuGenghong___36___(do)wellforhimselfintermsofhissocialmediafollowing.Inrecentnews,Liu’sworkoutlivestreamonDouyinhastakentheinternet___37___storm.DatashowsthathisDouyinaccounthasgainedmorethan10millionfollowersinthepastmonth.BestknownasthefatherofPuff(hisdaughter’snickname),___38___participatedinthevarietyshowWhereAreWeGoing,Dad?,thebuffcelebritymakeshisenthusiasmforfitnessknownby___39___(public)showinghismuscles.HeeventrainshiscelebrityfriendsJayChou. Inhislivestreams,Liuandhiswifeappear___40___(energy),friendly,happyandsuperfit.Theyexerciseanddancetoup-beatsongswhileexplainingandshowingtheirmoves,often___41___(encourage)thosetoparticipatefromtheirownlivingrooms.AlthoughLiu’sdancemoveslooksimpletheyareoftentoointenseforhisaudience___42___(follow).ThemainreasonforthisisLiu’scarefully___43___(choose)playlist:JayChousongsoftenserveashisbackgroundmusic.Oneofhismost-watchedfitnessroutinesissetto‘HerbalistManual’(《本草纲目》)fromJayChou’salbum.Onenetizenjoked.“Iwanttoslap(拍)mylegwheneverIhear___44___songnow.”SomenetizensadmittedtoswitchingtheirfitnessidolPamelaReiftoLiu,withsomeevencalling____45____(them)‘LiuGenghongboysorgirls.’【答案】36.hasdone37.by38.who39.publicly40.energetic41.encouraging42.tofollow43.chosen44.the45.themselves【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。报道了最近网络上LiuGenghong非常火爆，很多人在屏幕前跟着他一起健身的新闻故事。【36题详解】考查时态。句意：自从带起中国的健身热潮以来，歌手兼作曲家LiuGenghong在社交媒体上俘获大量粉丝。根据时间状语Eversince可知，此处应用现在完成时态；主语为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填hasdone。【37题详解】考查介词。句意：在最近的新闻中，LiuGenghong在抖音上的健身直播火爆了全网。take...bystorm“使火爆，掀起一股……热潮”为固定搭配。故填by。【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：LiuGenghong最出名的身份是——Puff(他女儿的昵称)的父亲，他参加了综艺节目《爸爸去哪儿》，这位健美艺人通过公开展示肌肉来表达他对健身的热情。分析可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Puff，关系代词who引导从句，在从句中作主语，指代人。故填who。【39题详解】考查副词。句意：LiuGenghong最出名的身份是——Puff(他女儿的昵称)的父亲，他参加了综艺节目《爸爸去哪儿》，这位健美艺人通过公开展示肌肉来表达他对健身的热情。修饰非谓语动词showing用副词。故填publicly。40题详解】考查形容词。句意：在直播中，Liu和他的妻子显得活力四射，友好快乐，超级健康。根据前文系动词appear可知，此处用其形容词作表语。故填energetic。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们在解说和展示动作的同时，会随着有节奏的歌曲进行锻炼和舞蹈，也常鼓励人们在自己的客厅里参与其中。此处为非谓语，动词encourage和主语之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作状语，表伴随。故填encouraging。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管他的跳跃动作看起来很简单，但常常因强度大，导致网友跟不上。分析可知，此处为“主语+be+形容词+todo”结构，其中不定式的主动形式表被动意义，其逻辑宾语为句子的主语。故填tofollow。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：主要原因是LiuGenghong精心选择的播放列表：周杰伦的歌曲经常作为他的背景音乐。此处为非谓语，动词choose和后文名词playlist之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作定语。故填chosen。【44题详解】考查冠词。句意：现在我一听到这首歌就想拍拍腿。根据句意可知，此处表示特指，应用定冠词the限定名词song，特指上文所说的歌曲《本草纲目》。故填the。【45题详解】考查反身代词。句意：一些网友承认他们的健身偶像从PamelaReif转向了Liu，有些人甚至称自己为“LiuGenghong男孩或LiuGenghong女孩”。根据句意可知，动词calling的动作对象是其逻辑主语some自身，故用其反身代词作宾语。故填themselves。 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，你校的读书节活动刚刚结束。请给你的英国朋友Jasen写一封邮件，介绍相关情况，内容包括：1.写信目的；2.活动内容；3.你的感受。注意：1.词数80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearJasen,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJasen,Ourschoolheldareadingfestivallastweek.Ican’twaittosharewithyou.Duringthefestival,weattendedlecturesgivenbydistinguishedwriters,exchangedbookswitheachother,andsawmoviesadaptedfromclassicworks.Myfavoritepartisanonlineplatformwherewereadandsharedourfavoritebooks.NotonlydidIlearnmoreaboutliterature,butalsoImadesomelike-mindedfriends.Itwasaneye-openingevent.HowIwishyouwerehere!Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Jasen写一封邮件，介绍你校刚刚结束的的读书节活动的相关情况，内容包括：写信目的；活动内容；你的感受。【详解】1.词汇积累组织：hold→organize 杰出的：distinguished→excellent/outstanding看电影：seemovies→watchfilms有启发性的：eye-opening→enlightening2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Duringthefestival,weattendedlecturesgivenbydistinguishedwriters,exchangedbookswitheachother,andsawmoviesadaptedfromclassicworks.拓展句：Duringthefestival,weattendedlectureswhichweregivenbydistinguishedwriters,exchangedbookswitheachother,andsawmoviesadaptedfromclassicworks.【点睛】[高分句型1]Myfavoritepartisanonlineplatformwherewereadandsharedourfavoritebooks.(运用了where引导的限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]NotonlydidIlearnmoreaboutliterature,butalsoImadesomelike-mindedfriends.(notonly…butalso…连接句子时，notonly位于句首，该部分用部分倒装)第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Havingstruggledwithfinancialdifficultiesforsixmonthsandfailingtofindawayout,Ihadtoclosemytechnologywritingbusiness.Fortunately,Ifoundanewjobasasalespersonandsoongotaclient.Atthetime,Iwonderedifitwastoogoodtobetrue.Bythesecondmonth,somethingdidn’tseemright,andIdevelopedabadfeelingabouttheclientandthework.Whenthethirdmonth’scheckdidn’tarriveontime,Isenttheclientane-mailtofindoutwhatwasgoingon.Buttherewasnoreply.ThenIsentanothere-mail,andanother.Thecheckneverarrived,andIneverheardfromtheclientagain.Withnohopeinsight,Ihitrockbottom.Panicreplacedcautiousoptimismalongwithmylastself-confidence.Ihidmyselffromfriendsandlockedmyselfinmyroom.Onenight,thephonerang.ThecallwasfromEric,afriendofminefromhighschool.Whenhewasinhighschool,hetoldmemanytimesabouthisparents’divorceandhislossofconfidenceinthecollegeentranceexamination.Duringthedifficulttime,Igavehimmuchcomfortandencouragement.Later,hewenttocollegeandwasalwaysgratefulforwhatIhaddone.Afterthegreetings,Itoldmyproblemsandchallenges,hopingmyfriendwouldsaysomethingcomforting.WhatIdidn’texpectwasastringofsharpwords.“Whatiswrongwithyou?Youcando anythingyouwanttodo,”hesaid.“Youareawriter,sostartwriting.Writeformagazine.”“Writeformagazine?Areyououtofyourmind?Idon’tknowthefirstthingaboutwritingformagazine,letalonewritethingsthatanyonewouldwanttoread.AndIhavetoknowwhereIcansendanapplicationform-towhatmagazineandtowhateditor,”Ishoutedathim.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Surprisingly,Ifeltalittlebetteraftertheshouting._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________OnfinishingtheapplicationformIsentittotheeditor._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】参考范文Surprisingly,Ifeltalittlebetteraftertheshouting.Afterashortsilence,Ericrepliedinafirmvoice.“IalwaysrememberwhatyousaidwhenIwasintrouble.Yousaid‘Noonecangetyououtoftroublebutyourself.’”Hearingthat,Iwasspeechlessandstruckbythefactthatitwaseasiertoconvinceothersthantoconvincemyself.InspiredbyEric’swords,Istartedsearchingformagazinesthenextdayandfinallyfoundonethatacceptedonlinecontributionswithvarioustopics.ThenIbegantopreparemyapplicationform.OnfinishingtheapplicationformIsentittotheeditor.Luckily,twodayslaterIreceivedapositiveresponseandaninvitationtowrite.Atfirst,IonlywrotearticlesIwasexpertin.Gradually,Ibegantryingnewtypes.Oneday,muchtomyamazement,oneofmyarticlesappearedonthefirstpageofthemagazine!Sincethen,Ihavebeenonmywaytobecominganexcellentwriter.ThatdefinitelyshouldbecreditedtoEric.Itwashewhoenlightenedmeandhelpedmeregainconfidenceto facechallengesinmylife.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者由于经济困难结束了自己的技术写作业务，找到一份新的销售工作，很快找到第一个客户，但后来客户杳无音信，在作者对生活感到绝望时，高中时期的一个朋友Eric打电话来，高中时期作者在Eric困难时作者曾给过他很多鼓励，Eric建议作者开始为杂志写作，作者从没有为杂志写过文章，认为Eric一定是疯了。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“出乎意料的是，我在喊了一声之后感觉好多了。”可知，第一段可描写Eric鼓励作者，作者受到启发开始联系杂志社。②由第二段首句内容“填完申请表后，我就把它寄给了编辑。”可知，第二段可描写作者收到杂志社的积极回复后开始写作并逐渐取得成功。2.续写线索：Eric鼓励——受到启发，开始行动——收到杂志邀请——逐渐成为优秀作家——自信面对挑战3词汇激活行为类①回答：reply/answer②鼓舞：inspire/encourage③帮助某人做某事：helpsb.dosth./assistsb.todosth.情绪类①惊讶：amazement/astonishment②自信：confidence/faith【点睛】[高分句型1].IalwaysrememberwhatyousaidwhenIwasintrouble.(由连接代词what引导的宾语从句)[高分句型2].Hearingthat,Iwasspeechlessandstruckbythefactthatitwaseasiertoconvinceothersthantoconvincemyself.(由从属连词that引导同位语从句)[高分句型3].Itwashewhoenlightenedmeandhelpedmeregainconfidencetofacechallengesinmylife.(强调句型)