江西省南昌市第十中学2022-2023学年高三英语下学期第一次模拟试题（Word版附答案）

南昌十中2022-2023学年高三一模模拟英语试题本试卷总分150分，考试时间120分钟第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthemandoforthewoman?A.Askforleave.B.Repairhercar.C.Giveheralift.2.Whichmuseumdidthegirlvisit?A.TheScienceMuseum.B.TheNatureMuseum.C.TheArtMuseum.3.Whydoesthewomancometotheman?A.Topickhimup.B.Todothewashing.C.Togethercontainerback.4.WhatdoesthewomanaskJohntodo?A.Cleanthekitchen.B.Tastethechicken.C.Cutthechicken.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Heisagoodcook.B.Heisn’tgoodatcooking.C.Helikesthewoman’scooking.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatdidAmydoonSaturdaymorning?A.Shewentshopping.B.Shewentjogging.C.Shewenttothegym.7.WhendidAmygoonadate?A.OnSaturdaynight.B.OnSundayafternoon.C.OnSundaynight.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.HowmuchtimeisleftforthemantopickGretaup?A.45minutes.B.25minutes.C.20minutes.9.Whydoesthewomanthinkthemaniscrazy?A.Hedoesn’thavebreakfast.B.Heatetheappleinherbag.C.He’llbuyfoodattheairport.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatwastheboy’smotherdoingwhenhefell?A.Puttingawayhistoys.B.Lookingafterhissister.C.Sittinginthelivingroom.11.Whydidtheboyfalloutofthewindow?A.Hetriedtocatchhisbiscuit.B.Hefelloutofthebrokenchair.C.Hepushedhardtoopenthewindow.12.Whatpartoftheboy’sbodygothurt?A.Hisleg.B.Hisarm.C.Hishead.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whodoesthispenbelongto?A.Theman’sson.B.Theman’swife.C.Theman’sdaughter.14.Whatcolorpenisunavailablenow?A.Purple.B.Black.C.Yellow.15.Howmuchdoesthepenwitharedleathercovercost?A.$14.B.$13.C.$11.16.Whatwillthemanprobablydo?A.Comeagaintomorrow.B.Buyanotherpennow.C.Waitforthewoman’scall.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whydidthespeakerhurrytogotoschool?A.Hehadtoborrowbooks.B.Hewasafraidtobelate.C.Herushedtohandinhispapers.18.Whatwasthespeaker’sattitudetowardstheoldman?A.Indifferent.B.Bad.C.Polite.19.Whodidtheoldmanturntobe?A.Thenewteacher.B.Afamouswriter.C.Theheadmaster.20.Whatdoesthespeakertalkabout?A.Anexcitinglunchparty.B.Awell-knownshortstory.C.Anunforgettableexperience.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30）AToday’smoderntravelersarejourneyingfurthertoexploreEuropeoffthebeatentrack,andbringinghomenewskillsandexperience.Hereare4ideasforanunusualholidayinEurope.VolunteerinTransylvaniaTransylvaniaisatopchoiceforanunusualEuropeancitybreak,withwonderfullypreservedmedieval(中世纪的)townsandcastlesthatinspiredthefamousnovelDracula.Inaddition,youcantakeyourunusualholidayexperienceevenfurtherbyvolunteeringinEasternEurope’slargestbearreserveandworkingwithbears.TeachskiinginAustriaAustriaisoneofEurope’stopskiingdestinations.Ifyou’relookingforamoreunusualwaytospendawinterholiday,whynotconsidertrainingtobeaskiinstructorthere?You’llgainaqualificationthatisrecognizedworldwide,andthisprogrammeincludesaguaranteedpaidinstructorjobataskiresort(旅游胜地)onceyouhavefinishedyourtraining.GodivinginSpainForaEuropeanholidaywithadifference,takepartinaplasticcleanupprojectbasedinBarcelona, helptoemptyplasticwasteintheMediterraneanSeaandhelpprotecttheenvironmentasyoutravel.Thisvolunteerprojectcombinesdivingwithcollectingplasticorotherwastefromthewater,alongsidegivingyouthechancetoexplorethecity.ExploreTuscanyonhorsebackTuscany,oneofthebestplacesinEuropetoexploreonhorseback,haswitnessedasharpincreaseintravelers.TherearevariousactivitiesthatcombinesightseeingwithbasichorseridinglessonsandyoucanstayinRenaissancevillas(文艺复兴风格的别墅)andfarmhouses.Youdon’tneedtohaveanyexperienceforhorseridingholidays,andtheyareabrilliantalternativetoyourtypicalguidedtour.21.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestdoinginTransylvania?A.Helpingtocareforbears.B.Findingajobinthecastle.C.ReadingthenovelDracula.D.Visitingitsmodernbuildings.22.Wherecanyouearnmoneywhiletraveling?A.InTransylvania.B.InTuscany.C.InSpain.D.InAustria.23.WhatdoweknowabouthorseridingholidaysinTuscany?A.Theysuitexperiencedriders.B.TheyareuniquetoTuscany.C.Theyaregrowinginpopularity.D.Theyfeatureatypicalguidedtour.BOverlookingtheDavis-GantVarsitySoccerField,abedofoverturnedsoilwaitsforfurtherdevelopment.Inafewyears,thisareawillbecomeanaturalhabitatandaplaygroundforanimalsandresidents.Thispeacefulareadidn’tappearnaturally,butthroughplanningandactiontakenbyCatlinGabel’sTinyForestprojectlaunchedbyteacherPatrickWalsh.Foreststypicallytakehundredsofyearstomature,withfourstagesofgrowth.“Tinyforestsshortenthetimethroughtheplantingofallfourlayers,”Walshexplained.Theendresultisafast-growing,nativeforestinabout20years.Over600plantsfrom43specieswillbeplantedinthetinyforest,thefirstoneinOregon.Walshwasinspiredtobuildatinyforestafterhearingaboutthisidea,whichemergedinJapanandhastakenholdinNorthAmerica.Hesharedhisvisionwithseniorsinhisclass.TheseniorsresearchedtinyforestsandmadeaproposalresultinginCleanWaterServicesdonating60treesand$5,000fromtheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration.Armedwiththeseresources,Walshandthestudentsstartedworking.“SomethingIdidn’treallyexpectwastheoutpouringofstudents’enthusiasm.Seeingstudentsfromallgradesvolunteeredtocontributetothe‘dirtywork’reallyblewmeaway,”Walshsaid.SeniorMeganCoverhasbeenattheschoolsincethefirstgrade.“I’llgraduateafterworkingonthisproject,whichissurelysad,butit’sreallyrewardingandgreattobeapartofthisprojectanddomybit.We’recreatingthiseducationalspaceformanyyoungkids,”Coversaid.Walshsummeduphisgoaloftheproject,whichistobuildaplacewherestudentscanenjoyandlearnaboutnature.“Theforestwillobviouslynotsolveclimatechange,butitwoulddeservetheeffortsifthekidsthinkaboutclimatechangeandremembertheimportanceofreforestation(重新造林)andtreeswhentheylookattheforest.”24.Whatisspecialabouttinyforests?A.TheyoriginatedinNorthAmerica.B.Theyareusuallyplantedinschools.C.Theycontainvarioustypesoftrees.D.Theybecomematureinashortertime.25.WhatsurprisedWalshintheprocessofplantingthetinyforest?A.Theabundanceofnativetreespecies.B.Publicconcernabouttheenvironment.C.Theactiveparticipationofstudents.D.Supportfromlocalorganizations.26.HowdoesMeganCoverfeelabouttheproject?A.Proud.B.Hopeful.C.Excited.D.Grateful.27.WhatdoesWalshwanttheforesttofunctionasforthestudents?A.Asourceofenjoyment.B.Areminder.C.Asourceofinspiration.D.Awitness.CLilaGleitmanwasdrivinghertwo-year-olddaughterinthecarwhen,goingacrossasharpturn,sheadvisedherdaughterto“holdontight”.Thekidresponded,“Isn’tthat‘tightly’?”Itwasaturningpointinhercareer.Realizingthathertwo-year-oldalreadyhadanunderstandingoflanguagemadeGleitmanwanttogetintoherchild’shead.Shewondered:Whatdoessheknow,andwhendoessheknowit?Gleitmanturnedthosequestionsintoaresearchcareerthathelpeddefinepsycholinguistics(心理语言学).HerearlyinterestcoincidedwithNoamChomsky,afrequentvisitortotheUniversityofPennsylvaniawhenshestudiedthere.Thetwoscholarsconsideredthatthementalsystemswhichmightproducethesentencesyouhear,areshapedbyabstractrulesthatspeakersmaynotevenknowthattheyknow.AnearlypieceofGleitman’sresearch,forexample,researchedsmallchildren’s“telegraphic”speech,inwhichmanywordsareleftout:akidmightsay“throwball”ratherthan“throwmetheball”.Thisseemstoimplythatthechild’sknowledgeisprimitive.Butshefoundthatchildrenobeyinstructionsbetterwhentheirparentsuseadult-styleEnglishthanwhentheycopytheirkids.Soparentsdonotneedtouse“motherese”—herhusbandHenry’sterm—withtheirchildren.Shefoundthattheirprogressivemasteryoflanguageruleshadlittletodowithhowmuch(orlittle)motheresetheircaregiversused.Asthelearningprocessgoeson,childrendeploysomeremarkablestrategies.Theyoftenseemtocorrectlyguesswhatawordmeansafterhearingitjustonce.Thephysicalenvironmentisanobviousencouragement(aswhentheyhear“dog”andseeoneatthesametime).Buthowwouldachildguessthemeaningoftheverbin“Ibelievedthathelosthiskeys”?Gleitmannoticedthatthesentencestructureisidenticaltothosewithotherverbsthatmeansimilarthings:saw,remembered,worriedanddoubted.Morebroadly,itturnedoutthatverbswhicharesimilarinmeaningtendtoturnupinsimilarsentencestructures.Thishelpschildrenlearnquickly,aprocessshecalled“syntacticbootstrapping(语法自举)”.28.WhatwastheturningpointinGleitman’scareer?A.Herhusband’spersuasion.B.Onesuggestionfromherprofessor.C.Onesentencefromherdaughter.D.HermeetingwithNoamChomsky.29.Whendokidsfollowtheirparents’instructionsbetter?A.Whentheparentsuse“motherese”.B.Whentheparentsuseadult-styleEnglish.C.Whentheparentscopytheirkids’languages. D.Whentheparentsadoptremarkablestrategies.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deploy”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Use.B.Plan.C.Change.D.Abandon.31.HowdoesakidknowthemeaningofaverbaccordingtoGleitman?A.Bylookingitupinadictionary.B.Bybeingtoldbyhisorherparents.C.Bylearningitinhisorherschool.D.Byguessingitfromsentencestructures.DIt’soneoftheultimatetestsofwillpower:you’vebeenwanderingaroundthemarketforhoursandyou’retiredandhungry.Thenyoucatchasmellofsomethingfragrant(香的)anddelicious,probablyfriedandalmostcertainlyfattening.Junkfoodcompaniesarewellawarethatthesmelloftheirproductsetsoffadesireinyourbrainandthatyou’llpayforthatlater.Itisaresponsethathasbeenresearched,andyou’dbetterbelieveyourfavoritefast-foodchainshavemarketingteamsthatareusingthatresearchtotheiradvantage.Let’stakeacloserlookatthisprocess.Haveyouevernoticedthatwhateverindulgentfood(放纵型食品)catchesyourattentiontendstobemostappealingjustafteryoufirstsmellit?Acoupleofminuteslateryouarestandinginline,anditisn’tquiteasappealingasitwasjustmomentsago,butnowyou’veinvestedtime,soyoutrustyourfirstfeelingtotreatyourself.Butarecentstatementsaysthatthisisactuallytherightmomenttowalkaway.DipayanBiswas,amarketingprofessor,foundthereisadirectconnectionbetweenhowlongapersonisexposedtoindulgentfoodsmellsandchoosinghealthierfoods.“Theresultsofaseriesofexperimentsshowthatextendedexposureofmorethantwominutestojunkfoodsmellsleadstofewerpurchasesofunhealthyfoodscomparedwithnosmelloranon-junk-food-relatedsmell,”readsthesummaryofhisstudy.Whatappearstobegoingonhereisthatthebraindoesn’tnecessarilydistinguishbetweenapleasurablesmellandapleasanttaste.“Extendedexposuretoanindulgentfoodsmellbringspleasureinthemind,whichinturnreducesthedesireforactualconsumptionofindulgentfoods,”heexplains.Sonexttimeyoufeelyoudon’thavethewillpowertoresistcookies,smellallthatsweetnessforjustaminuteortwo.Toyourbrainit’sthesameasactuallyeatingcookies,andthepurchasedesirewoulddecrease.32.Whatcanwelearnaboutjunkfoodsmellsfromthefirstparagraph?A.Theyhardlyaffectpeople’sfoodchoices.B.Theycanmakeadifferenceinmarketing.C.Theyareunlikelytofoolwisecustomers.D.Theyfinallydecreasepeople’spurchasedesire.33.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphbasicallyserveas?A.Anexample.B.Anargument.C.Acomparison.D.Acomment.34.WhichstatementwillBiswasprobablyagreewith?A.Theinfluenceoffoodsmellschangesovertime.B.Thesensesoftasteandsmellarecloselylinked.C.Thebehaviorofsmellingfooddoesn’tequaleatingit.D.Thebraincan’ttellwheresensorypleasureisfrom.35.Whichofthefollowingcouldthebesttitleforthetext?A.TrainYourBraintoResistJunkFoodB.WatchOutforTrickyMarketingToolsC.FoodAddictionIsNeverAboutWillpowerD.SmellingJunkFoodLongerCanKeepYouOffIt第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Somepeopleloveagreatthunderstorm;othersarefrightenedbythefirstflashoflightningorsoundofthunder.36Butthereareeasystepsyoucantaketoprotectyourhomeandyourlifefromlightning.ProtectElectronicsfromSevereWeather37Itcanfollowthewiresorphonelinesintoyourroom—ruiningcomputers,TVsandotherelectronics.Oneprotectionagainstelectronicsbeing“fried”bylightningissimplytounplugthemwheneverarainorastormiscoming.DisconnectInternetandsatelliteconnectionsnomatterwheretheyare.ReducetheRiskofFireLightningrods(避雷针)canprotectabuildingfromcatchingfire.38Theyjustprovideapathfortheelectricitytoreachthegroundmoresafely.Therodsatthetopofthebuildingareonlythefirstpartofagoodsystem.Whenlightningstrikes,theelectricityneedstomovetotheground.Wiresconductelectricityfromthelightningrodstometalrodsburiedintheground.39UnderstandLightningWhenlightninghitstheground,atree,atowerorevenabuilding,itmayalsospreadsalongtheground,sobeingnearsomethingthat’sstruckbylightningisalmostasdangerousasbeinghitdirectlybylightning.40TheEmpireStateBuildinggetsstruckbylightningaround20timeseveryyear.Itslightningrodprotectsthestructure,aswellasthepeopleinside.A.Itcanevenstrikethesamespotmorethanonce.B.Youmightwanttoconsiderprotectinganentirebuilding.C.Whenthishappens,anythinginitspathcouldbeindanger.D.Butthechanceoflightningstrikingyourhousedoesn’tchange.E.Eachconnectionmustbesecuresolightningdoesn’tjumptothebuilding.F.Lightninghittingyourroofornearbypowerlinesisterriblebutnotworst.G.Whetheryouloveorhatethem,thunderstormsproducedangerouslightning.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenIwasinprimaryschool,myschoolhadanannualsportsday.Usually,girlswere41insportslikejumpropeandboysdidthehighjump,whichIwas42totakepartin.Iwentto43up,butthecoachsaid,“Girlsdon’tdothehighjump.”Iwenthomeand44Momofthecoach’swords.Shevisitedtheheadmasterthenextday.“Mr.White,Lindawantstodothehighjump.”“Sorry,Mrs.Martinez,butit’sour45thatgirlscan’tdoit,”hesaid.“ButMr.White,Ihaveno46ofanyrulessayingthat.”Findingnosuchrules,Mr.White,feeling47,said“Ihavetoconsiderit”atlast.Whenwegothome,MomtoldmesomethingIwouldalways48:Thiswasn’tjustaboutme.Othergirls49wantedtodothis,too.Aweeklater,MomwenttoMr.Whiteagain.Finally,he50.Asitturnedout,Iwonthehighjumpcompetition.Tomy51,someofthecheersIgotwerefromboys!Mymotherwas52—itwasn’taboutme.Itwasaboutmakingpeople53andseewhatgirlscoulddo.Later,Iusedthis54inmycareerasabuildingcontractor—womenweren’t55toconstructbuildings.WhenIfirst56thebusiness,Momsaid,“Goahead.Startsmall,butthink57.”Istartedwithsmallprojectsandnowmycompanycanhandlelargeones.Thoseexperiencestaughtmethoughpeoplewouldn’talways58us,weshouldbebravetojumpover59andtakepathsfewgirlsandwomenwouldtake.Andthishasreallymadea60. 41.A.interestedB.involvedC.skilledD.gifted42.A.anxiousB.hesitantC.readyD.afraid43.A.buildB.fixC.makeD.sign44.A.remindedB.informedC.convincedD.warned45.A.conventionB.conclusionC.compromiseD.criterion46.A.opinionB.senseC.knowledgeD.intention47.A.concernedB.annoyedC.discouragedD.embarrassed48.A.rememberB.undertakeC.considerD.seek49.A.accidentallyB.obviouslyC.probablyD.rarely50.A.insistedB.agreedC.declinedD.quit51.A.satisfactionB.delightC.reliefD.surprise52.A.certainB.wrongC.rightD.realistic53.A.thinkaboutB.argueaboutC.approveofD.talkof54.A.ruleB.remarkC.truthD.lesson55.A.demandedB.qualifiedC.supposedD.designed56.A.madewayforB.setfootinC.threwlightonD.kepttrackof57.A.bigB.hardC.longD.deep58.A.helpB.mindC.acceptD.need59.A.polesB.fencesC.risksD.boundaries60.A.pointB.differenceC.startD.hit第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Withabouthalfofthevastcountrycoveredinwilderness,Chinaistheworld’sthirdmostspecies-richcountry.Therefore,China’s61(achieve)inbiodiversityconservationandwildernessprotectionareimportanttothefutureofglobalbiodiversityconservation.Thevitalbiodiversity,62(combine)withalargepopulation,hasledthegovernmenttoreconsideritsprotectedareasystemandtransformsomewildernessareassuchastherainforestinHainan63formalnationalparks.Thenewnationalparksystemwillmakeitmorepractical64(preserve)habitatsandspecies.Theaimistopreservebiodiversityandensurea65(harmony)relationbetweenhumansandnature.ThenationalparkscrossChina’svastecosystems,fromtheHainanTropicalRainforestNationalParkinthesouth66theHainangibbon—acriticallyendangeredspecieslive,theGiantPandaNationalPark,theNortheastTigerandLeopardNationalPark,theWuyiMountainNationalParktotheSanjiangyuanNationalParkontheQinghai-TibetPlateau—67sourceoftheYellowRiver,theYangtzeRiverandtheLancangRiver.Thediversityofspeciesandhabitatsunderprotection68(reflect)intheseparks’names.Thenationalparksareopentoall.Visitorscanmakereservationsonlineinadvance69bookonthespot.Theyshouldacquirealittlelocalknowledgetoget70(they)readyfortheamazingtripandmaximizetheirenjoyment.第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Toenrichstudents’schoollife,anexcitedcompetitionwasheldonlastSaturdayontheschoolplayground.Tenboysandtengirlsselectedbyeachclasslinedbesidetheropeandgraspedit,eagerwaitingforthestart.Withthewhistleblowing,theparticipantstriedtheirbesttopulltherope,whilethosestandingbycheereddesperatelyforhim.Eventually,everystudentsoftheclasswonthecompetitionwasawardedadelicatenotebook.Thecompetitionwashighlythoughtbystudents.Notonlydiditbuilduptheirbodies,butalsostrengthentheirteamwork.Plus,thecompetitionreceivedpositiveresponsefromparentsandteachers,whatmadeahitinthecircleofWeChat.第二节书面表达（满分25分）假定你是李华，你校将举办主题为“Mydreamofbecomingascientist”的演讲比赛。请给你校的交换生Eric写封邮件，邀请他一起参加，内容包括：1.发出邀请；2.比赛信息；3.表达期待。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案听力：1—5CACCB6—10BCACB11—15AABAA16—20CBBAC阅读：21-40ADCDCABCBADBAADGFDEA完形填空：41-60BADBACDACBDCADCBACDB语法填空：61.achievements62.combined63.into64.topreserve65.harmonious66.where67.the68.isreflected69.or70.themselves短文改错:第一处（第一句）：excited改为exciting。第二处（第一句）：删掉last之前的on。第三处（第二句）：eager改为eagerly。第四处（第三句）：blowing改为blown。第五处（第三句）：him改为them。第六处（第四句）：students改为student。第七处（第四句）：won改为winning。第八处（第五句）：在thought和by之间加上of。第九处（第六句）：strengthen改为strengthened。第十处（第七句）：what改为which。参考范文：DearEric,I’mwritingtoinviteyoutotakepartinthespeechcontesttobeheldinourschool.Thecontestwhosethemeis“Mydreamofbecomingascientist”isscheduledtostartintheschoollecturehallnextFridayafternoon.It’saimedatarousingstudents’interestinscienceandencouragingstudentstoshowtheirtalents.Fiveprofessorswillbeinvitedtobejudgesandthefirstsixwinnerswillbegivenawards,someofwhichareartworksfeaturingtraditionalChineseculture.Comeandjoinus!Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yourssincerely,LiHua附详解与听力原材料：A篇本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了欧洲的四个不同寻常的旅游度假胜地。21.A细节理解题。根据题干中的Transylvania可将解题信息定位至VolunteerinTransylvania部分。根据该部分中的“youcantakeyourunusualholiday...workingwithbears”可知，作者建议游客在特兰西瓦尼亚旅行时去东欧最大的熊保护区做志愿者，帮忙照顾熊。故选A。22.D细节理解题。根据TeachskiinginAustria部分中的“thisprogrammeincludesaguaranteedpaidinstructorjob...finishedyourtraining”可知，游客在奥地利可以接受培训成为一名滑雪 教练，一旦培训结束就可得到有报酬的教练工作。因此如果你想在旅行的同时挣一些钱，你可以去奥地利。故选D。23.C推理判断题。根据ExploreTuscanyonhorseback部分中的“Tuscany...haswitnessedasharpincreaseintravelers.”可知，托斯卡纳是骑马度假的胜地之一，来这个地区游玩的游客数量激增。由此可推知，托斯卡纳的骑马度假越来越受欢迎。故选C。B篇本文是一篇记叙文。在老师PatrickWalsh的带领下，CatlinGabel学校的学生合力种下了俄勒冈州的第一片小森林。若干年后，这片小森林将成为动物的自然栖息地和当地居民的乐园。24.D细节理解题。根据第二段的“Foreststypicallytakehundredsofyearstomature...forestinabout20years.”可知，森林通常需要数百年才能成熟，但是人工种植缩短了小森林的生长时间，使其在大约20年内就能长成。故选D。25.C细节理解题。根据第三段的“SomethingIdidn’treallyexpectwastheoutpouringofstudents’enthusiasm...reallyblewmeaway”可知，Walsh没有预料到学生们的热情会如此高。各个年级的学生都主动加入种植小森林的活动中，这让他震惊。故选C。26.A推理判断题。根据第四段中MeganCover的话尤其是“it’sreallyrewardingandgreat”和“We’recreatingthiseducationalspaceformanyyoungkids”等关键信息可推断出，虽然MeganCover要毕业了，但她为自己能够参与到小森林项目中为孩子们创造一片具有教育意义的园地感到自豪。故选A。27.B推理判断题。根据最后一段的“butitwoulddeservetheeffortsifthekidsthinkaboutclimatechangeandremembertheimportanceofreforestation(重新造林)andtreeswhentheylookattheforest”可知，Walsh认为如果孩子们看到小森林时能想到气候变化问题，牢记重新造林和树木的重要性，那他们付出的努力就值得。由此可推断，Walsh希望小森林能够对学生们起到提醒作用。故选B。C篇本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了LilaGleitman因女儿的一句话改变了职业生涯，创立了心理语言学以及她和另外一位学者随后在儿童语言学习方面进行的一些研究。28.C细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句孩子的话“Isn’tthat‘tightly’?”和第二段第一句“Itwasaturningpointinhercareer.”可知，女儿的一句话成了Gleitman事业的转折点。故选C。29.B细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Butshefoundthatchildrenobeyinstructionsbetterwhentheirparentsuseadult-styleEnglishthanwhentheycopytheirkids.”可知，LilaGleitman发现当父母使用成人式英语时，孩子们能更好地听从他们的指示。故选B。30.A词义猜测题。根据最后一段第二句“Theyoftenseemtocorrectlyguesswhatawordmeansafterhearingitjustonce.”可知，孩子们似乎经常会在听到一个词一次后立刻猜出这个词的正确含义。结合画线词所在句可推知，孩子们会运用一些策略。因此，deploy应意为“利用”，与A项意思相近。故选A。31.D推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“Morebroadly,itturnedoutthatverbswhichare similarinmeaningtendtoturnupinsimilarsentencestructures.Thishelpschildrenlearnquickly,aprocessshecalled‘syntacticbootstrapping(语法自举)’.”可推知，孩子们会从相似的句子结构中猜测单词的含义。故选D。D篇本文是一篇说明文。长时间闻垃圾食品的气味会降低消费者的购买欲望。32.B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Junkfoodcompaniesarewellawarethatthesmelloftheirproductsetsoffadesireinyourbrain...usingthatresearchtotheiradvantage.”可知，垃圾食品公司知道他们产品的气味会激起人们的购买欲望，在营销中也会利用这一特点谋利。故选B。33.A推理判断题。根据第二段首句“Let’stakeacloserlookatthisprocess.”和下文内容可知，本段以人们自身的经历为例，具体说明垃圾食品的气味对人们的购买行为产生的影响。故选A。34.A推理判断题。根据第三段中的“extendedexposureofmorethantwominutestojunkfoodsmellsleadstofewerpurchasesofunhealthyfoods”和第四段中的“Extendedexposuretoanindulgentfoodsmell...actualconsumptionofindulgentfoods”可知，Biswas发现闻垃圾食品的气味的时间变长，人们购买的欲望就降低。故选A。35.D标题概括题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍的是长时间闻垃圾食品的气味会降低消费者的购买欲望，因此D项作本文标题最佳。故选D。第二节本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们在雷雨天气如何确保自己和财产安全。36.G空前提到有些人喜欢雷雨天气，有些人却害怕闪电或雷声。空后又提到可采取一些简单的措施来保护你的家和你的生活免受闪电的伤害。G项中的“Whetheryouloveorhatethem”与上文相呼应，“thunderstormsproducedangerouslightning”说明了人们为什么需要采取措施以防受到伤害，与下文呼应。因此G项符合语境。故选G。37.F空后提到它会顺着电线或电话线进入你的家，毁坏电脑、电视和其他电子设备。由此可推断，空处应介绍闪电发生时的一种情况。F项“闪电击中了你家的屋顶或附近的输电线，这很糟糕但不是最坏的”，与空后一句描述的更糟糕的情况衔接。故选F。38.D空前提到避雷针能保护建筑物使其避免着火，空后提到它们只是为闪电提供了一条更安全地到达地面的通道。再根据空后的just可推断，空处应指出了避雷针不能起到的作用。D项“但是闪电击中你的房子的概率不会改变”与上下文相衔接。故选D。39.E空前提到避雷针只是一个良好的安全系统的首要环节；电缆将电从避雷针导入埋在地下的金属棒。由此可知，空处应与用电缆导电可能会带来的危险及应对措施有关。E项“每处接头都必须是牢固的以防闪电移动至建筑物上”承接上文。故选E。40.A根据本段的小标题和空后内容可知，空处应与同一个地方可能多次被闪电击中有关。A项是对下文现象的概括描述，选项中的“morethanonce”与下文的“around20times”相照应，因此A项符合语境。故选A。第三部分语言知识运用 第一节本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己参加学校运动会和创业的经历告诉我们：要勇于打破界限，胸怀大志，从小事做起。41.B根据语境可知，通常情况下，女生参加诸如跳绳这样的运动项目，男生跳高。beinvolvedin“参与”，符合语境。beinterestedin“对……感兴趣”；beskilledin“擅长”；begiftedin“在……方面有天赋”。42.A根据下文中的“Lindawantstodothehighjump”可知，作者想参加跳高项目。anxious“渴望，非常希望”，符合语境。hesitant“犹豫的”；ready“准备好的”；afraid“害怕的”。43.D根据下文中的“butthecoachsaid,‘Girlsdon’tdothehighjump.’”可知，作者去报名参加，但是教练却告诉她，“女生不能跳高。”signup“报名”，符合语境。buildup“建立”；fixup“修理；解决”；makeup“组成，构成；弥补”。44.B作者回家，告诉了母亲教练说的话。inform“通知，告知”，符合语境。remind“提醒”；convince“使确信”；warn“使警惕”。45.A根据上文中的“Usually,girls...boysdidthehighjump”可知，此处指校长说女生不能跳高是学校的惯例。convention“传统做法，惯例”，符合语境。conclusion“结论”；compromise“妥协（或折中）方案”；criterion“标准，原则”。46.C根据语境可知，此处指作者的母亲说她不知道有任何规则有这样的要求。knowledge“知晓，知悉，了解”，符合语境。opinion“意见；看法”；sense“理解力，见识，良好的判断”；intention“目的，意图”。47.D校长找不到这样的规则（来进行反驳），感到很尴尬，最后（只能）说“我必须考虑一下”。embarrassed“尴尬的”，符合语境。concerned“担心的，忧虑的”；annoyed“恼怒的”；discouraged“沮丧的”。48.A回家后，母亲告诉了作者一些她一直会记在心中的东西。remember“记得”，符合语境。undertake“承担”；consider“仔细考虑，细想”；seek“谋求，争取”。49.C根据上文提到的作者想参加跳高的内容及“Thiswasn’tjustaboutme”可知，此处指其他女生可能也想参加跳高。probably“可能”，符合语境。accidentally“偶然地”；obviously“显然”；rarely“很少”。50.B根据下文中的“Iwonthehighjumpcompetition”可知，校长最终同意了。agree“同意”，符合语境。insist“坚持”；decline“拒绝”；quit“放弃”。51.D根据上文内容及下文中的“someofthecheersIgotwerefromboys”可知，跳高通常是男生参加的项目，作为女生的作者在参加跳高比赛获胜时有男生为其欢呼，这令作者感到惊讶。surprise“惊讶”，符合语境。satisfaction“满意，满足”；delight“高兴”；relief“宽慰，轻松”。52.C母亲是对的，这不仅是为了作者。right“正确的，对的”，符合语境。certain“确定的，肯定的”；wrong“错误的”；realistic“实际的，实事求是的”。53.A根据语境可知，此处指让人们思考并见证女生能做什么。thinkabout“考虑，思考”，符合语境。argueabout“因……争论”；approveof“赞成，同意”；talkof“谈及”。54.D后来，作者将这一经验应用在自己的职业生涯中。lesson“经验，教训”，符合语境。rule“规则”；remark“评论”；truth“真理”。55.C根据语境可知，女性通常被认为不应该去建造建筑物。besupposedtodosth.“（按规定、 习惯、安排等）应当，应，该”，符合语境。bedemandedtodosth.“被要求做某事”；bequalifiedtodosth.“能胜任做某事”；bedesignedtodosth.“被设计用来做某事”。56.B作者最初涉足这一行业时，母亲对她说，“去做吧！从小事开始，但要胸怀大志”。setfootin“踏上；进入”，符合语境。makewayfor“给……让路，让出位置”；throwlighton“使（问题等）较容易理解”；keeptrackof“了解……的动态”。57.A参见上题解析。big“大地，给人印象深地”，符合语境。hard“努力地”；long“长期地；长久地”；deep“深地”。58.C这些经历让作者明白尽管人们不会总是能接受我们，但是我们要勇于跳出界限。accept“接受”，符合语境。help“帮助”；mind“介意”；need“需要”。59.D参见上题解析。boundary“界限”，符合语境。pole“杆子；棍子”；fence“栅栏”；risk“风险，危险”。60.B根据语境可知，此处指这真的有很大影响。makeadifference“有作用，有关系，有影响”，符合语境。makeapoint“提出观点”；makeastart“着手，开始”；makeahit“给（某人）留下很好的第一印象”。第二节本文是一篇说明文。中国是全球物种第三丰富的国家。为了更好地保护生态多样性，保持人与自然的和谐关系，中国政府建立了国家公园系统。61.achievements考查词性转换及主谓一致。句意：因此，中国在生物多样性保护和荒野保护方面的成就对全球生物多样性保护的未来有重要意义。空处应填名词作句子主语，根据谓语动词are可知，主语为复数。故填achievements。62.combined考查非谓语动词。句意：极其重要的生物多样性再加上人口众多，促使中国政府重新考虑其保护区系统，并将像海南的雨林这样未开发的地区转变为正式的国家公园。空处所在部分作后置定语，combine“使……结合”与biodiversity有逻辑上的动宾关系，因此应用过去分词形式。故填combined。63.into考查固定搭配。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，此处应用介词into构成transformsth.intosth.结构，表示“将……转变为……”。故填into。64.topreserve考查非谓语动词。句意：这一新的国家公园系统将使得保护栖息地和物种更切实可行。分析句子结构可知，it为形式宾语，空处所在部分为真正的宾语，故用动词不定式形式。故填topreserve。65.harmonious考查词性转换。句意：其目的是保护生物多样性并确保人与自然之间的和谐关系。空处应用形容词作定语修饰名词relation。harmonious“友好和睦的，和谐的”。故填harmonious。66.where考查定语从句。句意：从南部的海南热带雨林国家公园——极度濒危物种海南长臂猿生活的地方、大熊猫国家公园、东北虎豹国家公园、武夷山国家公园到位于青藏高原（黄河、长江和澜沧江的发源地）的三江源国家公园，国家公园跨越中国广阔的生态系统。空处引导定语从句修饰theHainanTropicalRainforestNationalPark，从句结构完整，空处在句中作地点状语。故填where。67.the考查冠词。句意：青藏高原是黄河、长江和澜沧江的发源地。发源地只有一个，此处表特指。故填the。 68.isreflected考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这些公园的名字反映出了受保护的物种和栖息地的多样性。句子主语为Thediversity，表示单数概念，且reflect与Thediversity之间是被动关系，且此处描述客观情况。故填isreflected。69.or考查连词。句意：游客可以在网上提前预约或者在现场订票。空处前后是选择关系。故填or。70.themselves考查代词。句意：他们应学习一些当地知识，为美妙的旅行做好准备，并最大限度地享受旅行的乐趣。此处所描述动作的发出者和承受者相同，故应用反身代词。故填themselves。第四部分写作第一节短文改错第一处（第一句）：excited改为exciting。分析句意可知，这里指的是一场激动人心的比赛。修饰“competition”，用形容词exciting。故将excited改为exciting。第二处（第一句）：删掉last之前的on。表示“上周六”，直接用lastSunday。故删除on。第三处（第二句）：eager改为eagerly。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰动词waiting，应使用其副词形式。故将eager改为eagerly。第四处（第三句）：blowing改为blown。结合句意并分析句子结构可知，这里指当哨子被吹响的时候，whistle和blow构成逻辑上的动宾关系。故将blowing改为blown。第五处（第三句）：him改为them。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，这里指站在两边的同学为他们（也就是参加拔河比赛的同学们）加油。故将him改为them。第六处（第四句）：students改为student。every修饰可数名词的单数形式。故将students改为student。第七处（第四句）：won改为winning。分析句子结构可知，“wonthecompetition”作后置定语，和“everystudentoftheclass”是逻辑上的主动关系。故将won改为winning。第八处（第五句）：在thought和by之间加上of。本句考查sth.ishighlythoughtofbysb.结构，意为“某事被某人给予很高评价”。故在thought和by之间加上of。第九处（第六句）：strengthen改为strengthened。通读全文可知，文章叙述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时。根据“Notonlydiditbuilduptheirbodies”，此处也应用一般过去时。故将strengthen改为strengthened。第十处（第七句）：what改为which。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，指代前面的整句话，应该用which引导。故将what改为which。听力材料Text1W:I’mlateforworkandmycarisn’tworking,soIneedtofindsomeonetotakemetowork.M:Icantakeyou.Text2W:Iwenttoareallycoolmuseumwithmyclassyesterday.M:Really?YoumeantheNatureMuseum?W:No,itwastheScienceMuseum,andtherewasashowofrobots.Weweresupposedtogotothe ArtMuseum,butthatgotcanceledsowedidthisinstead.Text3W:IjustcametopickupmyplasticcontainerthatIlentyoutheotherday.M:Oh,right.Well,I’vejustwasheditactually,sohereyougo.Text4W:John,canyoudomeafavorinthekitchen?M:Atyourservice.W:Iwouldlikehalfofthechickencutintoslices,andtheotherhalfkept.Remembertocutoffthefat.Yourfatherdoesn’tlikethetaste.Text5W:Hey,Rex,howareyouatcooking?Areyouanygood?M:NotreallyifI’mhonest.Text6M:Whatdidyoudoontheweekend,Amy?W:Letmethink.Oh,IwentshoppingonFridayeveningandboughtsomedailynecessitiesfortheapartment.M:Whatdidyouget?W:Oh,sometowelsandanewtoothbrush.Saturdaywasn’ttoobad.Iwentjogginginthemorningandwenttothegymintheafternoon.Butafterallthatexercise,IwastootiredtodoanythingonSaturdaynight.M:SohowaboutSunday?W:Itwasgreat!Iwentoutonadatewithareallygreatmanthatnight.Text7W:Slowdown,Adam.You’redrivinglikeamadman.M:ItoldGretaI’dpickherupat9:45.Herplanelandsat9:20.W:Relax.It’sjust9o’clocknow.There’splentyoftime.M:Isupposeso.W:Didyouhavebreakfastyet?M:No.Ijumpedoutofbedthismorningandranoutofthefrontdoor.Ididn’thavetimetoeat.W:I’vegotanappleinmybag,ifyouwantit.M:Haveyougotanythingelse?W:Pens,pencils,anotebook…butnothingtoeat.Justtheapple,I’mafraid.M:I’llpicksomethingupattheairport.W:Areyoucrazy?Food’salwaystentimesmoreexpensiveattheairport.Text8W:Howonearthdidyoufalloutofthewindow?M:Iwassittingwithmymotherinthelivingroomplayingwithmytoys.Mysisterstartedcryinginthebedroom,andmymomwenttotakecareofher.SoIpushedachairnearawindowandclimbedontoptohavealookoutside.AndwhileIwasstandingbythewindow,mybiscuitfelloutofmymouth.Itriedtocatchit,butIlostmybalanceandfell.W:Oh,mygoodness!Doyourememberthefall? M:Itwasallveryquick,butIrememberlyingonthegroundwithpeopleallaroundme.AndthenIsawmymom.Shewashopeless,becauseshethoughtmyheadhurt,butallIhadwasabrokenleg.Iwasverylucky.W:Surelyyou’realuckyboy.Bemorecarefulnexttime.Text9W:CanIhelpyou?M:Yes,mysonanddaughterboughtthispenhereformywife’sbirthday,butitdoesn’twork,soI’dliketoexchangeit.W:Letmesee.Wasitdroppedoranything?M:No,butyoucanseethatthepointisbentalittlebit.W:Yes,itis,isn’tit?We’dbehappytoexchangeitforyou.ButI’mafraidwedon’thaveanotherpurpleone.Weonlyhavethispeninblackoryellownow.M:Mywifedoesn’treallycareforeitherofthosecolors.W:Wehaveonewitharedleathercover.That’sthreedollarsmore.M:Thechildrenworkedhardtosaveuptheelevendollarsforthisone.TheywouldprobablybeupsetifIpaidforpartoftheirpresent.W:Ifyouwant,wecanorderanotherpenjustlikethisone.M:Thatsoundslikeagoodidea.Wouldyoupleasegoaheadanddothat?W:We’dbeveryhappyto.Itwilltakeaweekortendays.We’llcallyouwhenitcomesin.M:Thankyouverymuch.Text10M:MayIhaveyourattention,please?Today,Iwouldliketosharewithyouoneofmyexperiences.Ithappenedtomeafewyearsago.ThatdayafterlunchIwasonmywaytoschoolhurriedlybecauseIwasafraidthatIwouldbelate.SuddenlyIhitagainstanoldmancarelesslyandthebooksandpapersinmyhanddroppedontotheground.ItwasIthathitagainsthimbutIscoldedtheoldmanrudely.Themanjustsmiledatmeandhelpedmepickupallthebooksandpapersontheground.Afterthatheturnedroundandwentaway.WhenIgottomyclassroom,ourclassteachertoldusthatanewteacherwouldreplacehimandthenewteacherwouldarrivesoon.Tomysurprise,IfoundthatthenewteacherwasthemanIhadrunintoonmywaytoschool.Ibelievedhewouldhavearatherpooropinionofmebuthetreatedmethesameasotherstudents.FrommystoryIlearnedalessonthatIshouldbepolitetoastrangeratanytime.