重庆市长寿区2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末试卷（Word版附解析）

长寿区2022年秋期期末质量监测高二年级英语试题(A卷)注意事项：1.考试时间：120分钟，满分：150分。试题卷总页数：8页。2.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。3.需要填涂的地方，一律用2B铅笔涂满涂黑。需要书写的地方一律用0.5MM签字笔书写。4.答题前，务必将自己的姓名、学校、准考证号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?ADohishomework.B.gooutfordinner. C.Gotothethemepark.2.Whyhasn’tJohnnoticedthemilkboilingover?A.HeiseagertogotoShanghai.B.Hismindiswandering.  C.Heispreparinghisbusinesstrip.3.Whomightthemangotoamoviewith?A.Hisdaughter.B. Hisfamilies.            C.Hiswife.4.Whendidthemanleaveforhome?A.At9:45.   B.At10:00.            C.At10:30.5.Whatisthewomantalkingabout?A.Thewoman’sworryoverhersickness.B.Jerry’ssopoor.C.HerdissatisfactionwithJerry. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutsummer?A.Thewarmlongdays. B. Therain.    C.Theheat.    7.Whatdoesthewomanoftendoduringthesummer?A.Bicyclewithfriendsintherain.  B.hikeinthemountains.           C.Dooutdooractivities.   听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhydoAmericanpeoplelovetobuysecond-handgoods?A Tosavemoney.      B. Toearnmoney.           C.Tocontributetocharity.9.Whatisusuallysoldinayardsale?A. Books,recordsandcoffee.B. Someusedgoods.                 C.Treasuresandfurniture.   听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhydidthefirstMcDonald’srestauranthavenoseats?A.ToavoidwashingdishesB.Tomakepeopleeatquickly.C.Toreducethecost.11.WhichMcDonald’ssellsthemosthamburgersintheworld?A.OneinNewYork.   B.TheHongKong’s.     C.ThefirstMcDonald’s.12.Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?A.TherearemanychainstoresofMcDonald’sonlyinNewYork.B.MacandDicksoldthebusinesstoMcDonald.C.RayKrocboughtMcDonald’sfromMacandDick.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace? A. Ataparty.B.Inalectureroom.   C.Ataclub. 14.Whyisthewomanfamiliarwiththisarea?A.Sheoftenhangsouthere.B.Shegrewuphere.   C.Shehasstudiedthemap. 15.Whatmightthemanmajorin?A.Biology.                B.Business.        C.Computerscience.16.Howdidthewomandealwiththebadweather?A.Bywatchingmovies.   B.Bygoingtobars.     C.Bygoingdowntown.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthefunctionofhiphop?A.Helpingpeoplewithemotionalproblems.B.Freeingpeoplefrompoverty.C.Riddingpeopleofdrugaddiction.18.Wherewasthereportpublished?A.Inaspecialnewspaper.  B. Inamedicalmagazine. C.OntheInternet.19.Whatdohiphopartistsoftendescribeintheirmusic?A.Mentalillness.          B.Messageofhope.C.Darknessoftheworld. 20.WhatdidBIG’ steacherssayabouthim?A.Hepromisedtobeasuperstar.B.Hecouldbesuccessful. C.Hewouldachievenothing. 第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANorway:WondersoftheArcticGoonanexpeditiontoexploreNorway’sbeautifulfjords(峡湾),viewtheNorthernLights,watchwhalesandpolarbears,anddiscoverthefrozenSvalbardarchipelagobyland,seaandair.What’sIncluded•Entrytoallsitesandattractions.•English-speakingtourleaderthroughout. •Allaccommodation,internaltransport,cruisesandhuskysleds.•Breakfast,lunchesandeveningmeals.•DomesticflightsbetweenTromso,LongyearbyenandOslo.What’sNotIncluded•Travelinsurance.•Internationalflights.AccommodationRadissonBluHotel,TromsoApleasantandmodernfour-starhotelinthecitycentrethatoverlookstheharbourandfjord.It’sjustashortwalkfromthecity’sculturalarchitecturalandhistoricsites.Aroundthehotel,therearestunningviewsoverthecityanditssurroundinghills.RadissonBluPolarHotel,LongyearbyenClaimingtobetheworld’snorthernmostfull-servicehotel,thisrecentlyrenewedfour-starhotelhasgreatviewsacrosstheAdventfjordandHiorthfjelletmountain.It’samodernhotelthatisdecoratedwithpicturesoftheregion’spolarhistory.Someoftheroomswereoriginallybuiltandlocatedforthe1994WinterOlympics.Withanopenfire,jacuzzi,hottubandfashionablerestaurant,therearemanywaystorelaxhere.ContactUsIfyouhaveaninquiry,ideaorjustwanttochat,emailusattours@newscientist.comorcall441224980439(Global),442045712435(UK).1.Whatwillnotthistravelprovidefortourists?A.English-speakingtourleader.B.Internaltransport.C.Dailymeals.D.Domesticflights.2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueabouttheRadissonBluHotel?A.Thehotelclaimstobetheworld’snorthernmostfull-servicehotel.B.It’sanancientfive-starhotelinthecitycentre.C.Touristscanenjoygreatviewsoftheharbourandfjord.D.It’salongdistancefromthecity’scentre.3.Inwhichsectionofamagazinecanyoufindthetext? A.Education.B.Science.C.Fashion.D.Travel.【答案】1.D2.C3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章是挪威的旅游广告，介绍了去挪威旅游的相关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据What’sincluded中“English-speakingtourleaderthroughout.(全程英语导游)”、“Allaccommodation,internaltransport,cruisesandhuskysleds.(所有住宿，国内交通，游轮和雪橇)”以及“Breakfast,lunchesandeveningmeals.(早餐、午餐和晚餐)”可知，这次旅游包含全程英语导游、国内交通以及日常三餐，根据最后一点“DomesticflightsbetweenTromso,LongyearbyenandOslo.(Tromso，Longyearbyen和Oslo的国内航班)”可知，国内航班只有这三地是可以的，不能以偏概全地说国内航班都可以包含。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据原文RadissonBluHotel,Tromso介绍中“Apleasantandmodernfour-starhotelinthecitycentrethatoverlookstheharbourandfjord.(一个舒适和现代的四星级酒店在市中心，俯瞰海港和峡湾)”可知，游客可以欣赏到海港和峡湾的美景。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“GoonanexpeditiontoexploreNorway’sbeautifulfjords(峡湾),viewtheNorthernLights,watchwhalesandpolarbears,anddiscoverthefrozenSvalbardarchipelagobyland,seaandair.(你可以去探险，探索挪威美丽的峡湾，欣赏北极光，观赏鲸鱼和北极熊，从陆地、海洋和空中探索冰冻的斯瓦尔巴特群岛)”可知，本文是挪威的旅游广告，所以该文来自“旅游”部分。故选D。BDanielBarenboim,thewell-knownpianistandconductor,issteppingdownasgeneralmusicaldirectoroftheBerlinStateOperaaftermorethan30years.Barenboim,80,announcedinOctoberthathewas“takingastepback”fromperforming,havinghadsurgeryonhisbackfora“seriousneurologicalcondition”lastFebruary.HemadeareturnforBerlin’straditionalnewyearperformancesofBeethoven’sSymphonyNo9onDecember31andJanuary1,whichheconductedwhileseated,earningwavesofapplause.Itwasnotimmediatelyclearwhowouldsucceedhiminoneofthemostsignificantjobsinmusic.“Unfortunately,myhealthhasdeterioratedoverthepastyear,”hesaidinastatement,askingto bereleasedfromhispositionattheendofthismonth.“Icannolongerdelivertheperformancethatisrightlydemandedofageneralmusicdirector.”Barenboim,whowasappointedtothepostin1992,saidhewasproudtohavebeenelectedaschiefconductorforlifebytheresidentorchestraoftheBerlinStateOpera.HewasborninArgentinatoJewishparentsandbeganhisinternationalcareerasapianistattheageoften.HemarriedJacquelineduPré,theBritishcellist,in1967.In1999hejointlyfoundedtheWest-EasternDivanorchestra,bringingtogetheryoungmusiciansfromIsrael,thePalestinianterritoriesandArabstates.MatthiasSchulz,thestateoperadirector,saidthehousewas“heavilyindebted”toBarenboim.“Formorethan30yearshehaslenthisinexhaustiblestrengthasanartisticfigurewithworldwidecharmtothishouseanditsorchestra,”hesaid.“Onecanonlyimaginehowdifficultthisstepmusthavebeenforhim.”InOctoberRichardMorrison,operacriticforTheTimes,praisedBarenboimas“apianistwhoforhalfacenturywaspeerlessinBeethovenandSchubert”andasaconductor“whocanshapethegiantmasterpiecesofWagner,BrucknerandElgarasfewothersknowhow”.4.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?A.DanielBarenboimoncehadtostophisperformance.B.DanielBarenboimalwaysconductedthesymphonyorchestrawhileseated.C.Someoftheaudienceactuallyweren’tsatisfiedwithDanielBarenboim’sperformanceD.DanielBarenboimhasalreadyfoundanoutstandingconductortoreplacehim.5.Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordinparagraph4?A.Becomeworse.B.Recoveredcompletely.C.Improvedalot.D.Functionedwell.6.WhichistherightorderofDanielBarenboim’slife?a.HemarriedJacquelineduPré,theBritishcellist.b.HejointlyfoundedtheWest-EasternDivanorchestra.c.Hewasappointedtobethechiefconductor.d.Hebeganhisinternationalcareerasapianist.e.Hehadsurgeryonhisbackfora“seriousneurologicalcondition”.A.adbceB.dabceC.adcbeD.dacbe 7.WhatdoesRichardMorrisonthinkofDanielBarenboim?A.Helacksexperienceasaconductor.B.HeisasexcellentasBeethovenandSchubert.C.HecomposedthegiantmasterpiecesofWagner,BrucknerandElgar.D.Heisthetoppianistandconductorinhistimes.【答案】4.A5.A6.D7.D【解析】【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要讲述世界顶尖的钢琴家和指挥家DanielBarenboim的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“hewas“takingastepback”fromperforming(他从表演中“后退一步”)”和第三段“HemadeareturnforBerlin’straditionalnewyearperformances(他重返柏林传统的新年演出)”可知，Daniel曾经停止演出一段时间。故选A。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段““Unfortunately,myhealthhasdeterioratedoverthepastyear,”hesaidinastatement,askingtobereleasedfromhispositionattheendofthismonth.“Icannolongerdelivertheperformancethatisrightlydemandedofageneralmusicdirector.”(“不幸的是，我的健康状况在过去一年中deteriorated，”他在一份声明中表示，要求在本月底解除职务。“我再也无法提供一般音乐总监所要求的表演了。”)”可知，deteriorated是来描述Daniel在过去一年中的身体状况。他要求退出现在的岗位，所以他的身体状况应该是并不好，甚至变得越来越糟糕。deteriorated的意思应该是“恶化”，和选项A意思一致。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段“beganhisinternationalcareerasapianistattheageoften.(十岁时开始了他的国际钢琴生涯)”，第六段“HemarriedJacquelineduPré,theBritishcellist,in1967.(他于1967年与英国大提琴家杰奎琳·杜·普雷结婚)”，第五段“Barenboim,whowasappointedtothepostin1992(巴伦博伊姆，1992年被任命为该职位)”，第六段“In1999hejointlyfoundedtheWest-EasternDivanorchestra.(1999年，他联合创立了西东方天后乐团)”和第二段“Barenboim,80,announcedinOctoberthathewas“takingastepback”fromperforming,havinghadsurgeryonhisbackfora“seriousneurologicalcondition”lastFebruary.(今年80岁的巴伦博伊姆在10月宣布，他在去年2月因“严重的神经系统疾病”接受背部手术后，正在从表演中“后退一步”)”可知，正确的顺序为dacbe。故选D。 【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“InOctoberRichardMorrison,operacriticforTheTimes,praisedBarenboimas“apianistwhoforhalfacenturywaspeerlessinBeethovenandSchubert”andasaconductor“whocanshapethegiantmasterpiecesofWagner,BrucknerandElgarasfewothersknowhow”.(10月，《泰晤士报》的歌剧评论家RichardMorrison称赞巴伦博伊姆是“半个世纪以来在贝多芬和舒伯特方面无与伦比的钢琴家”，也是“能塑造瓦格纳、布鲁克纳和埃尔加的巨作的指挥家”)”可知，RichardMorrison认为DanielBarenboim是当世顶尖的钢琴家和指挥家。故选D。CAnew“museumofmathematics”willopeninParisaspartofadrivetoinspireFrenchschoolchildren,whorankamongtheworstinthedevelopedworld.TheMaisonPoincaré,namedafterHenriPoincaré,thelate19thcenturypolymath,willcelebratemathematicianswhoputFranceattheforefrontofthesubjectfromthemiddleagestothe21stcentury.Themuseum,settoopenthisyear,isattemptingtosparkarenaissanceinthefaceofaneducationalfailurethatisviewedasanationalemergency.FrenchpupilsrankedbottominthesubjectintheEU,whileonlythosefromChilefaredworsethantheFrenchamongthe38countriesoftheOECD,accordingtoaTrendsinInternationalMathematicsandSciencestudy.TheirpoorgraspofthesubjectwasfurtherhighlightedbythefactthathalfofFrench12-year-oldsthought0.4wasthesameasaquarter,CharlesTorossian,aninspector-generalofthenationaleducationsystem,said.Inaddition,thechildrenofUkrainianrefugeeswere,despitethelanguagebarrier,atleastayearaheadoftheirFrenchclassmatesincalculatingability.ThemuseumwastheinnovationofCédricVillani,formerdirectorofthePoincarémathsinstituteandformerMPforMacron’sRenaissanceparty.SylvieBenzoni,hissuccessorasheadoftheinstitute,saidthemuseumaimedtoshowthatmathswasopentoeveryoneandnolongerthepropertyof“amainlymalescholar”.LastsummerPresidentMacronrecoveredmathsasanoptioninthegeneralexamination,twoyearsafterJean-MichelBlanquer,hiseducationminister,hadremovedit.HefiredBlanquerandlastmonthmadeweeklymathsclassesnecessaryforallgradesfromSeptember. 8.ThenewmuseumwillopeninParis______.A.toexhibittheartisticachievementsofrenaissanceinEurope.B.tocorrecttheeducationalfailurewhichisregardedasanationalemergency.C.toencouragethechildreninFrancetolearnmathematicsbetter.D.toremindtheFrenchschoolchildrenthattheyrankamongtheworstinthedevelopedworld.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“those”inthefourthparagraphreferto?A.subjects.B.pupils.C.countries.D.museums.10.WhatisthedirectreasonofJean-MichelBlanquer’sunemployment?A.Hemademathematicsthepropertyof“amainlymalescholar”.B.Hecutmathsdownfromthegeneralexamination.C.HetaughttheFrench12-year-oldsthat0.4wasthesameasaquarter.D.Hedidn’tthinkweeklymathsclassesnecessaryforallgrades.11.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.FranceWillNotBearHerPoorMathsAnyMore.B.ChildrenAroundTheWorldDoABadJobInMaths.C.FrenchSchoolchildrenRankTheWorstInTheDevelopedWorld.D.ANew“MuseumofMathematics”WillOpenInParis.【答案】8.C9.B10.B11.A【解析】【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要介绍法国一所新的博物馆的开办是为了鼓励本就数学不好的小学生学好数学。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Anew“museumofmathematics”willopeninParisaspartofadrivetoinspireFrenchschoolchildren,(一个新的“数学博物馆”将在巴黎开幕，作为激励法国学生的一部分，)”可知，博物馆开张是为了激励学生学好数学。故选C。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段“FrenchpupilsrankedbottominthesubjectintheEU,whileonlythosefromChilefaredworsethantheFrenchamongthe38countries(法国学生在欧盟排名垫底，而在38个国家中，只有智利那些的成绩比法国人差)”可知，这里是在比较几个国家小学生的数学成绩，所以those应该是指智利的小学生。故选B。 【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“LastsummerPresidentMacronrecoveredmathsasanoptioninthegeneralexamination,twoyearsafterJean-MichelBlanquer,hiseducationminister,hadremovedit.HefiredBlanquerandlastmonthmadeweeklymathsclassesnecessaryforallgradesfromSeptember.(去年夏天，马克龙总统在其教育部长让·米歇尔·布朗奎尔（Jean-MichelBlanquer）取消数学考试两年后，恢复了数学作为普通考试的一个选项。他解雇了Blanquer，上个月从9月份开始，所有年级都必须每周上数学课。)”可知，法国总统开除Jean-MichelBlanquer是因为他将数学从考试中移除了。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Anew“museumofmathematics”willopeninParisaspartofadrivetoinspireFrenchschoolchildren,whorankamongtheworstinthedevelopedworld.(一个新的“数学博物馆”将在巴黎开幕，作为激励法国小学生的一部分，法国小学生在发达国家中排名最差。)”并结合下文内容可知，文章主要介绍法国在数学教育上的发力。因此A项“法国不会再忍受她糟糕的数学了”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选A。DArecentstudysuggeststhatlogging(cuttingdowntreestousethewood)doesnotnecessarilymeanthatthingscan’tliveintheleft-overforestanymore.Infact,choppingdowntreessometimesattractsmoreplantsandwildlifethaninforestswherethetreeshavebeenleftuntouched.Expertsbelievethatabout70%oftheworld’sforestshavehadatleastsomelogging.Untilrecentlyitwasn’tclearexactlywhatimpactthishadonotherwildlifeinforests.However,newresearchcarriedoutontheislandofBorneo,inSoutheastAsia,showsthatloggingcanencouragehealthyanimalandplantlife.ScientistsfromOxfordUniversityusedtensofthousandsofcameratraps(camerasconnectedtosensorsthatonlyphotographwhenmovementisdetected)tofindouthowmanyanimalswereinforeststhathadbeenloggedandhowmanywereinforestswherethetreesjustdiednaturally.Thescientistsworkedoutthatthetotalweightofbirdsinloggedforestswasmorethandouble,andformammalsitwasmorethanthreetimesasmuch.Theyalsofoundthatanimalsinloggedforestsgettwoandahalftimesasmuchenergyfromfoodthaninuntouchedforests.Thescientiststhinkthereismorefoodavailableinloggedforestsbecausemorelightreachestheforestfloorwhensomeofthecanopy(densetreetops)hasbeenclearedaway.Thisextralighthelpssmallerplantsgrowbigger,givingmore foodtowildlifelikeinsects,deerandwildpigs.YadvinderMalhi,anecologist,said,“Thewholeforestgetsmoreedibleandmoretasty.”Thestudymakesitclearthatalthoughmoreanimalsandplantsmightbeabletolivethere,loggingevenpartofaforestisstillbad.That’sbecauseuntouchedforests,withmoreandbiggertrees,absorblotsofcarbondioxide,agasthatcausesclimatechange.However,thestudyisimportantbecauseconservationistsdidn’tthinkloggedforestswereimportanttoprotect.Thenewresearchshowsthatevendamagedforestscanhavelotsofwildlifethatneedsprotecting.12.Whatdoestherecentstudyfind?A.Moreplantsandwildlifewillliveinforestswherehumansdon’tcutdownthetrees.B.Cuttingdownthetreesinaforestwillattractmoreplantsandanimalstolivethere.C.70%oftheworld’sforestshavehadatleastsomelogging.D.Plantsandwildlifecan’tliveintheleft-overforestanymore.13.Whatarethecameratrapsintendedfor?A.Monitoringthechangesinthenumberofanimals.B.Detectinghowmanytreesintheforestsdiednaturally.C.Findingouthowmanyanimalswereintheforests.D.Connectingthesensorstodetectanymovement.14.WhatistheYadvinderMalhi’sattitudetowardlogginginforests?A.Ambiguous.B.Objective.C.Doubtful.D.Favorable.15.Whatcanwelearnaboutthelastparagraph?A.Conservationistsaresupposedtoprotectthewildlifeintheloggedforest.B.Loggingforestsisthedirectreasonthatcausesclimatechange.C.Conservationiststhinkuntouchedforestsaremoreimportantthantheloggedones.D.Comparedwithuntouchedforests,Loggedforestscan’tabsorbanycarbondioxide.【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍一项研究结果，树木被砍伐的森林有时比树木未被破坏的森林中会吸引更多的植物和野生动物。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Infact,choppingdowntreessometimesattractsmoreplantsand wildlifethaninforestswherethetreeshavebeenleftuntouched.(事实上，砍伐树木有时比树木未被破坏的森林中会吸引更多的植物和野生动物)”可知，砍伐了的森林能够吸引到更多的动植物，故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据原文第三段“ScientistsfromOxfordUniversityusedtensofthousandsofcameratraps(camerasconnectedtosensorsthatonlyphotographwhenmovementisdetected)tofindouthowmanyanimalswereinforeststhathadbeenloggedandhowmanywereinforestswherethetreesjustdiednaturally.(牛津大学的科学家们使用了数万个相机陷阱（与只有在检测到运动时才会拍照的传感器相连接的相机），以查明有多少动物生活在被砍伐的森林里，有多少动物生活在树木自然死亡的森林里)”可知，这些相机的目的是研究森林被砍伐与否其中的动植物数量的不同，故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“YadvinderMalhi,anecologist,said,‘Thewholeforestgetsmoreedibleandmoretasty.’(生态学家YadvinderMalhi说：‘整个森林变得更可食用，更美味。’)”可知，他强调了砍伐森林带来的好处，因此是持支持态度。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“However,thestudyisimportantbecauseconservationistsdidn’tthinkloggedforestswereimportanttoprotect.Thenewresearchshowsthatevendamagedforestscanhavelotsofwildlifethatneedsprotecting.(然而，这项研究很重要，因为环保主义者认为被砍伐的森林并不重要。新的研究表明，即使是被破坏的森林也有很多野生动物需要保护)”可知，环保主义者认为被砍伐的森林不值得被保护，但是被砍伐的森林仍然有许多野生动植物需要保护，由此可知环保主义者应当保护被砍伐的森林，故选A。第二节七选五(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Serendipity(缘分)canbeaprofoundsourceofthosemomentsthatmakelifemeaningfulandturntheunexpectedfromapotentialthreatintoasourceofopportunity___16___Setserendipitybridges.Wheneveryoucommunicatewithsomeone,castafewbridges:concreteexamplesofyour currentinterests,hobbiesandvocation.Thismaximizesthechancethatyouandtheotherperson“coincidentally”findoutcommongroundandsharedpassions,triggeringserendipity.___17___Imaginemeetinganewpersonatadinnerparty.Manyofusmightasktheunpleasant“Sowhatdoyoudo?”Thistendstoputtheotherpersonintoaboxthatishardtogetoutof.Positioningourselvesforsmartluckmeansaskingmoreopen-endedquestions,suchas“Whatdidyoufindmostinterestingaboutsuch-and-such?”or“Whatdoyouenjoydoing?”Suchquestionsopenupconversationsthatmightleadtointriguingoutcomes.___18___Reflectonincidenceswhenserendipitycouldhavehappened,butdidnot.Perhapsyouspilledcoffeeoversomeone,sensedsomesortofconnection,butdidnotstartaconversation?Perhapsyouweresittinginameeting,hadanunexpectedidea,butdidnotraiseit?___19___Identifytherootcause(Fearofrejection?)andtackleit.Forexample,ifitisbasedonfearofrejection,putyourselfintopotentialpositionsofrejection–andgetusedtoit!Writedownthreethingsyouwoulddoifyouhadnolimitsandyoucouldn’tfail.___20___Andthenthereasonswhyorhowyoucan.Thenactonthemandmakeithappen!A.Whatareyouafraidof?B.Changethewayyouaskquestions.C.Whatwasitthatheldyouback?D.Avoidtheunpleasantquestions.E.So,whatnewskillsdoyouneedtoseizeit?F.Italsohelpsyouidentifywhatbringsyoutogetherandwhatsetsyouapart.G.Writedownthereasonswhyyouthinkyoucannotvarythesituation.【答案】16.E17.B18.F19.C20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何去争取和抓住缘分。【16题详解】上文“Serendipity(缘分)canbeaprofoundsourceofthosemomentsthatmakelifemeaningfulandturntheunexpectedfromapotentialthreatintoasourceofopportunity.(缘分可能是那些让生活变得有意义，让意想不到的潜在威胁变成机会之源的时刻的起源)”提出缘分的好处，下文讲如何创造缘分。E项“So,whatnewskillsdoyouneedtoseizeit?( 那么，你需要什么新能力来抓住缘分呢？)”承上启下，引出下文。故选E项。【17题详解】设空处为段首小标题。根据该段中“Manyofusmightasktheunpleasant“Sowhatdoyoudo?”Thistendstoputtheotherpersonintoaboxthatishardtogetoutof.Positioningourselvesforsmartluckmeansaskingmoreopen-endedquestions,suchas“Whatdidyoufindmostinterestingaboutsuch-and-such?”or“Whatdoyouenjoydoing?”Suchquestionsopenupconversationsthatmightleadtointriguingoutcomes.(很多人可能会不愉快地问：“那你是做什么的？”这往往会把对方放在一个难以摆脱的盒子里。把自己定位为有好运气的人意味着问更多开放式的问题，比如“你觉得某某最有趣的是什么？”或者“你喜欢做什么？”这样的问题开启了对话，可能会带来有趣的结果)”可知，本段讲我们应当改变问话的方式，问一些开放问题，所以B项“Changethewayyouaskquestions.(改变你提问的方式)”是最佳标题。故选B项。【18题详解】上文“Suchquestionsopenupconversationsthatmightleadtointriguingoutcomes.(这样的问题开启了对话，可能会带来有趣的结果)”提出开放问题能引导出许多有趣的结果，是这种提问方式的好处之一。F项“Italsohelpsyouidentifywhatbringsyoutogetherandwhatsetsyouapart.(它还能帮助你确定是什么让你们走到一起，是什么让你们分开)”与上文构成并列关系，提出第二个好处：这种问话方式能找到有共同兴趣的人，也能分辨没有共同兴趣的人。句中also表明并列关系。故选F项。【19题详解】上文“Perhapsyouspilledcoffeeoversomeone,sensedsomesortofconnection,butdidnotstartaconversation?Perhapsyouweresittinginameeting,hadanunexpectedidea,butdidnotraiseit?(也许你把咖啡洒在别人身上，感觉到了某种联系，但没有开始交谈？也许你正在开会，有了一个意想不到的想法，但没有提出它？)”假设了两种本可以发生什么，但却什么也没有发生的情况，C项“Whatwasitthatheldyouback?(是什么阻碍了你？)”承接上文，提出问题，追问原因，引出下文“Identifytherootcause(Fearofrejection?)andtackleit.(找出根本原因(害怕被拒绝？)并解决它)”的应对策略，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。【20题详解】本段标题“Writedownthreethingsyouwoulddoifyouhadnolimitsandyoucouldn’tfail.(写下三件如果没有限制且不会失败，你会去做的事情)”提出写下三件事情，G项“Writedownthereasonswhyyouthinkyoucannotvarythesituation.(写下你认为自己无法改变现状的原因) ”中“writedown”照应标题，同时句中“thereasons”与下文“Andthenthereasons”相照应，上下文语意相关，故选G项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ItwasthedaybeforeThanksgivingandKalebBenhamwashangingaroundoutsidehishome.His90-poundpitbull,Buddy,wasdoingwhatdogsdo:gettingintotrouble.Onlythistime,Buddywasgettingintoawholelotoftrouble.The___21___soundthatnoonewantstohearaloneinthewoods___22___Benham’sattention.Itwasthedeep___23___ofablackbear.Benham___24___aroundtoseethebeast,whichBenham___25___weighedaround350pounds,some100feetaway.Inaninstant,thebeartookholdofBuddy’sheadandstarteddragginghimaway.Benhamtookoffafterthem.“___26___,”hetoldCBS13inSacramento,“theonlythingIcouldthinkofwas‘savemybaby.’”Benham___27___thebearbythethroat.Nothing.Hetriedopeningitsmouth,butthejawwaslocked___28___.Benhambeatthebearoverandoverarounditssnoutandeye.It___29___.Thebeardroppedthedogandranoffintothe___30___.Buddywas___31___.Hisfacewasbloodiedandhisearswere___32___.Hehadabitemarkclearthroughhislip.Buddy’ssurgerytooknearlyfourhours.Benhamwatchedthe___33___throughawindow.ThiswasthesecondtimeBenhamhadrescuedBuddy,saysCBS13.The_____34_____wasfromashelterafewyearsago.“Ifitwasyourkid,whatwouldyoudo?”heasked.NoddingtowardBuddy,headded,“That’smy___35___.”21.A.unavoidableB.unmistakableC.unchangedD.unconscious22.A.paidB.caughtC.receivedD.enjoyed23A.roarB.actionC.gestureD.smile24.A.jumpedB.greetedC.wheeledD.bended25.A.impliesB.becomesC.prohibitsD.figures 26.A.HonestlyB.SlightlyC.PotentiallyD.Apparently27.A.bitB.huggedC.grabbedD.defeated28.A.tightlyB.looselyC.smoothlyD.gently29.A.failedB.integratedC.perceivedD.functioned30.A.woodsB.riverC.valleyD.mountain31.A.inbadshapeB.inbadtemperC.inbadmoodD.inbadtaste32.A.resistingB.labelingC.hangingD.stretching33.A.themeB.procedureC.appetiteD.component34.A.oneB.anotherC.firstD.former35.A.classmateB.friendC.kidD.colleague【答案】21.B22.B23.A24.C25.D26.A27.C28.A29.D30.A31.A32.C33.B34.C35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述KalebBenham从一只黑熊口中救出自己的狗狗Buddy的故事。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：树林里没有人愿意独自听到的那种明确无误的声音引起了Benham的注意。A.unavoidable不可避免的；B.unmistakable确定无疑的；C.unchanged未改变的；D.unconscious没有意识的。根据下文“Itwasthedeep___3___ofablackbear.”可知，这里指听到的这种声音能确定是熊的声音，故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.paid支付；B.caught抓住；C.received收到；D.enjoyed喜欢，享受。根据下文“Itwasthedeep___3___ofablackbear.”可知，这个声音引起了Benham的注意，catchone’sattention引起某人的注意，故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是黑熊低沉的吼声。A.roar吼叫，咆哮；B.action行为，C.gesture手势；D.smile微笑。根据根据上文的“sound”及下文黑熊过来抓住Buddy可知，声音是黑熊在低吼，故选A。【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Benham转过身去看这只野兽，Benham估计它重约350磅，大约100英尺远。A.jumped跳；B.greeted欢迎，迎接；C.wheeled转身；D.bended弯曲。根据“toseethebeast”可知，Benham转过身去看这只野兽，故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.implies暗示；B.becomes变成；C.prohibits禁止；D.figures认为，估计。根据“weighedaround350pounds,some100feetaway”可知，Benham估计它重约350磅，大约100英尺远，故选D。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“说实话，”他在Sacramento告诉哥伦比亚广播公司13频道，“我唯一能想到的就是‘救救我的孩子’。”A.Honestly诚实地；B.Slightly轻微地；C.Potentially潜在地；D.Apparently显然地。结合语境可知，面临危险时Benham首先想到要救Buddy，所以此处指“说实话，我唯一想到的就是就我的孩子”，故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Benham扼住熊的脖子。A.bit咬；B.hugged拥抱；C.grabbed抓住；D.defeated击败。根据下文“Hetriedopeningitsmouth(他试图打开它的嘴)”可知，Benham扼住了熊的脖子。故选C。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他试着打开它的嘴，但下巴被紧紧地锁住了。A.tightly紧紧地；B.loosely松散地；C.smoothly平稳地；D.gently温柔地。根据but可知，没有打开它的嘴，说明下巴锁的很紧。故选A。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了。A.failed失败；B.integrated合并；C.perceived察觉；D.functioned运转，发挥功能。上文提到，Benham一遍又一遍地在它的鼻子和眼睛周围殴打熊，结合下文“Thebeardroppedthedog”可知，熊放下狗，说明殴打起作用了。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：熊丢下狗，跑进了树林。A.woods树林；B.river河流；C.valley山谷；D.mountain山。根据上文“The___1___soundthatnoonewantstohearaloneinthewoods”可知，熊跑到森林里去了。故选A。【31题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：Buddy的情况很糟糕。A.inbadshape状况不佳；B.inbadtemper 发脾气；C.inbadmood心情不好；D.inbadtaste低级趣味，不礼貌。根据后面的描述可知，Buddy的脸上满是血，耳朵垂着，他的嘴唇上有一个清晰的咬痕，所以Buddy的状况很不好。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他满脸是血，垂着耳朵。A.resisting阻挡，抵抗；B.labeling贴标签；C.hanging悬挂，垂下；D.stretching伸展。结合语境可知，Buddy被熊撕咬过，状况不佳，所以应是垂着耳朵，故选C。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Benham透过窗户看着整个过程。A.theme主题；B.procedure步骤，过程；C.appetite食欲，胃口；D.component成分。根据上文“Buddy’ssurgerytooknearlyfourhours.”可知，Buddy的手术花了将近四个小时，Benham透过窗户观察了这个过程。故选B。【34题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：第一次是几年前从一个收容所。A.one泛指一个；B.another另一个；C.first第一个；D.former前者。根据前面的second推出，此处用first，指“第一次是几年前从一个避难所救出Buddy”。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他朝Buddy点点头，接着说：“那是我的孩子。”A.classmate同学；B.friend朋友；C.kid孩子；D.colleague同事。结合语境及上文“theonlythingIcouldthinkofwas‘savemybaby.’”可知，Benham把Buddy看作自己的孩子，故选C。第二节语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。SpringFestivalGalaUnveilsMascotInspiration___36___(probable)themostcelebrated“rabbit”characterintheupcomingSpringFestivalGala,theworld’smost-watchedTVprogram,TuYuanyuan,thecuteand___37___(adore)mascotofthegala,madeitspublicshowinBeijingonJan8.YuLei,thechief___38___(direct)oftheSpringFestivalGalaorganizedbyChinaMediaGroup,saidtheimagedesignofTuYuanyuan___39___(inspire)fromthedigitalrecreationofthefossilof___40___ancientrabbit___41___wasbelievedtoexistinAnhuiprovincearoundseveralmillionyearsago.Yuaddedthatthemascot’sdesignwascreatedformultiplereasons,variousfromthebigdata investigationto___42___(display)thetraditionalaesthetics(美学)andhighlightingtheachievement___43___Chinesescientists.___44___(host)byChinaInternationalTelevisionCorporationinassociationwithChinaTelevisionIndustrialGroupCoLtd,apromotionaleventtoreleaseaseriesofculturalandcreative____45____(product)aboutTuYuanyuananditsfellowmascotTuTuantuanwasheldindowntownBeijingonSunday.【答案】36.Probably37.adorable38.director39.wasinspired40.an41.which##that42.displaying43.of44.Hosted45.products【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了春节联欢晚会的吉祥物兔圆圆。【36题详解】考查副词。句意：在即将到来的春节联欢晚会（全球收视率最高的电视节目）中，最受欢迎的“兔子”角色可能就是兔圆圆了，这个可爱的春晚吉祥物于1月8日在北京公开亮相。此处用副词probably修饰形容词最高级themostcelebrated。故填Probably。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：在即将到来的春节联欢晚会（全球收视率最高的电视节目）中，最受欢迎的“兔子”角色可能就是兔圆圆了，这个可爱的春晚吉祥物于1月8日在北京公开亮相。修饰名词mascot应用形容词adorable，作定语。故填adorable。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：中央广播电视总台春晚总导演于磊表示，兔圆圆的形象设计灵感来自于对一只古代兔子化石的数字再现，这只兔子被认为存在于大约数百万年前的安徽省。此处为同位语，表示“导演”应用名词director，为特指。故填director。【39题详解】考查时态语态。句意：中央广播电视总台春晚总导演于磊表示，兔圆圆的形象设计灵感来自 于对一只古代兔子化石的数字再现，这只兔子被认为存在于大约数百万年前的安徽省。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，主语image与谓语inspire构成被动关系，根据上文said可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填wasinspired。【40题详解】考查冠词。句意：中央广播电视总台春晚总导演于磊表示，兔圆圆的形象设计灵感来自于对一只古代兔子化石的数字再现，这只兔子被认为存在于大约数百万年前的安徽省。rabbit为可数名词，此处为泛指且ancient是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：中央广播电视总台春晚总导演于磊表示，兔圆圆的形象设计灵感来自于对一只古代兔子化石的数字再现，这只兔子被认为存在于大约数百万年前的安徽省。限制性定语从句修饰先行词rabbit，从句缺少主语，指物，故用which或that引导。故填which/that。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：于补充说，吉祥物的设计有多种原因，从大数据调查到展示传统美学，以及突出中国科学家的成就。作介词to的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填displaying。【43题详解】考查介词。句意：于补充说，吉祥物的设计有多种原因，从大数据调查到展示传统美学，以及突出中国科学家的成就。此处名词achievement与Chinesescientists构成所属关系，应用介词of。故填of。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：上周日，由中国国际电视总公司联合中国电视产业集团有限公司主办的“兔圆圆”和“兔团团”系列文创产品推介活动在北京市中心举行。分析句子结构可知host与逻辑主语apromotionalevent构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故填Hosted。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：上周日，由中国国际电视总公司联合中国电视产业集团有限公司主办的“兔圆圆”和“兔团团”系列文创产品推介活动在北京市中心举行。product为可数名词，前文没有冠词，故用复数形式。故填products。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，得知你的外国朋友Tom 在中国过年，想邀请他到你家过春节，一起体验中国节日文化。请给他写一封信，内容包括：1.时间；2.介绍中国春节的风俗习惯，加深他对中国传统文化的了解；3.期待和他一起共度佳节。DearTom,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua【答案】DearTom,ItismypleasuretoinviteyoutomyhomeforChineseNewYear.Ibetourwonderfulwelcomewillsurpriseyou.Asisknowntoeveryone,ChineseNewYearisthemostimportantfestivalinChina.Itisnotonlyafestival,butalsoatimewhenrelativesandfriendsgathertogethertosharehappinessandjoytogether.Itisasymbolofbestwishes.AsissaidthatamanwithouthavingvisitedtheGreatWallisn’tarealman,onecan’thaveafullunderstandingaboutChinawithouthavingspentaChineseNewYear.Throughthefestival,you’llfindChinainanotherway.Ihopethatyouwillbehereearlier,whichwillallowyoutobefreefromtheheavytrafficcomingwiththefestival.I’llgiveyouashowtootherfamouslandscapesinChongQing.Socomeheresoon,myfriend!Iamhereawaitingyou.Yourssincerely,LiHua【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。要求考生邀请外国朋友Tom在中国过年，一起体验中国节日文化。【详解】1.词汇积累 使吃惊：surprise→amaze重要的：important→significant著名的：famous→well-known等待：await→waitfor2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Throughthefestival,you’llfindChinainanotherway.拓展句：Afteryouexperiencethefestival,you’llfindChinainanotherway.【点睛】【高分句型1】Asisknowntoeveryone,ChineseNewYearisthemostimportantfestivalinChina.（由As引导的非限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】Itisnotonlyafestival,butalsoatimewhenrelativesandfriendsgathertogethertosharehappinessandjoytogether.（由when引导的定语从句）第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ItwasabrightMayafternoonalongtheMarylandcoast,andJonathanBauer,51,atechnologyexecutiveatahospital,andhis13-year-olddaughter,Ava,weretakingfulladvantageofit.Theyweredrivingwiththewindowsdownastheyheadedhomeonthe14-mile-long,two-laneRoute90bridge,whichspanstheshallowwatersofAssawomanBay.Suddenly,thecalmwasdisturbedbythesquealoftires.Notfaraheadofthem,ablackpickupwasslidingfromonelanetotheother.TotheBauers’horroritcrashedintoaconcretebarrierovertheSUVdirectlyaheadofthem,andcametoresthangingovertherailingofthebridge.Bauerhitthebrakesintimetoavoidthevehiclesinhispath,butaBMWcarthathadsmashedintotheguardrailontherightcameslidingbackwardtowardhim.Heturnedleft,buttoolatetheBMWstruckhisVolvo’sfenderbeforecrashingintothevehiclebehindhim.Bauerstoppedthecar.“Ava,areyouOK?heasked,Shewasshaken,butotherwiseunhurt.HerantotheBMW.“AreyouOK?”heaskedthedriver.Shenodded,tooshockedtospeak.Itcamefromthepickup,whichhadcometorestonitsrightside.Thepassengeratthebackofthepickupandtruckbedhungoutpasttheguardrail,30ormorefeetabovethewatersofthebay.Thedriver’sdoorthrewopenandamanclimbedout.Hedroppedtotheground.Bauerranupbesidehim.Themanpointeddown,sayingsomethinginSpanish. Inthewaterwasacarseat.Movingnexttoit,agirl,abouttwoyearsold.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Amomentlater,ThelittlegirlwaslessthantenfeetawayfromBauer.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Inthewaterwasacarseat.Movingnexttoit,agirl,abouttwoyearsold.Shehadbrownhair,browneyes,terrified,floatingonherback,kickingandscreaming,thereismorescreamingfromitsotherpassengerswhowerelookingdownintothewater.Bauerwaitedforthepickupdrivertodosomething,buthedidn’t.Maybehewasinshock.“Ava!”Baueryelled,bendingtoremovehisshoes.“Staybythecar!”Hejumpedfromthisheightintosuchshallowwater.Amomentlater,ThelittlegirlwaslessthantenfeetawayfromBauer.Bauerswamtoherataquickspeedandliftedheroutofthewater:mouthhalfopen,eyesnearlyclosed,notbreathing.Standing,helaidheragainsthisshoulderandpattedatherbackwiththeflatofhishand.Comeon...comeon...Andthenasoundasoceanwatercamestreamingfromhermouth.Hereyeswereopenednow,focusedonhim.Hepulledherclose,hugginghertoshieldherfromthecold.AvaBauerwassoinspiredbyherfather’sactions.“Thatgirlisgoingtoliveawholelifebecauseofhim,”shesays.“It’sincredible.”【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了51 岁的乔纳森·鲍尔是一家医院的技术主管，某天和13岁的女儿艾娃在路上遭遇了一起车祸。车掉进了水里，鲍尔跳下水，救出了一名女孩。艾娃也被父亲的行为深深鼓舞。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“在水里有一个汽车座椅。在它旁边移动的是一个女孩，大约两岁。”可知，第一段可描写水下的情况以及鲍尔采取行动去救小女孩。②由第二段首句内容“过了一会儿，小女孩离鲍尔不到10英尺了。”可知，第二段可描写鲍尔救出小女孩的经过以及艾娃被父亲的行动鼓舞。2.续写线索：女孩在水下——鲍尔下水营救——救出女孩——艾娃受到鼓舞3.词汇激活行为类挨着：nextto/closeto脱掉：remove/takeoff盯着看：focuson/stareat情绪类害怕：terrified/frightened吃惊：inshock/shocked【点睛】[高分句型1]Shehadbrownhair,browneyes,terrified,floatingonherback,kickingandscreaming,thereismorescreamingfromitsotherpassengerswhowerelookingdownintothewater.(运用了who引导定语从句)[高分句型2]Hepulledherclose,hugginghertoshieldherfromthecold.(运用了现在分词作状语)听力答案:1-5ABCAC6-10ACCBC11-15ACBBA16-20AABBC