山东省实验中学2023届高三英语下学期开学考试试题（Word版附解析）

山东省实验中学2022-2023学年高三下学期开学考试英语试题(本试卷共10页，共四部分;全卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟)注意事项：1.答卷前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题纸上.2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑.如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号.3.非选择题的作答：用0.5mm黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFromsleepmachinestoAl-controlledhousecleaningrobots,awidevarietyofadvancedtechnologiesandproductsarebeingexhibitedatthe4thChinaInternationalImportExpo(CIIE)inShanghai.Herearesomeproductsyoudon’twanttomiss.ElectricbicycleBrina2Formanypeople,adailycommute(通勤)isoftenasourceofheadache.EmoveInc,anexhibitorfromArgentina,haspresentedelectricbicycleBrina2asasolution.Runningonlong-angebatteries,thee-bikehasamaximumspeedof25milesperhour.Almostallthecomponentsaredesignedwithinthecarbonfiberframe.Itsscientificdesignmakestheridemorestableandcomfortablethanotherconventionale-bikes.AIrobot—aright-handassistantforlifeandproductionAIrobotfromAgileRobotsAG,aleadingintelligentroboticscompanyfromGermany,helpsmakelifeandworkeasier.Withtheabilitytosynthesize(综合)andadjustmotiontracksinreal-time,therobotisagreatassistant.Forinstance,itcanaidhumansintaskslikeloadingandunloading,polishingandqualityinspection.Power-PROXT—areliablestretcherbedPower-PROXTisanelectricambulancestretcherbeddesignedbyStrykerCorporationfromthe U.S.Comparedwithtraditionalstretchers,Power-PROXTisdrivenbyahigh-speedmotorthatenablesittoeasilyliftorloweraloadweighing318kilogramswithin2.4seconds.Moreimportantly,itcansmoothlyandsafelyliftandmove,providinggreatersafetyforpatients.Sleepingcabin—anightguardforsoundsleepArecentstudyfoundthatmorethantwo-thirdsofsurveyeduniversitystudentsinBrazilareexperiencingpoorsleepquality.ThesleepingcabinmadebyTheDowChemicalCompanyfromtheU.S.canprovideitsusersabettersleep.Asacombinationofgreatmaterialandtechnology,thecabincanprovidecustomerswithadeeperandmorerefreshingsleepingexperience.1.Whichproductmostprobablyinterestsafactorymanager?A.Brina2.B.AIrobot.C.Power-PROXT.D.Sleepingcabin.2.WhatcanPower-PROXTbeusedfor?A.Traveltowork.B.Qualitycontrol.C.Firstaid.D.Sleepimprovement.3.Whichwordcanbestdescribetheseproducts?A.Cutting-edge.B.Eco-friendly.C.Cost-effectiveD.Efficiency-enhancing.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了正在上海举办的第四届中国进口商品博览会中的部分产品。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Withtheabilitytosynthesize(综合)andadjustmotiontracksinreal-time,therobotisagreatassistant.Forinstance,itcanaidhumansintaskslikeloadingandunloading,polishingandqualityinspection.(具有综合能力并实时调整运动轨迹，机器人是一个很好的助手。例如，它可以帮助人类完成装卸、抛光和质量检查等任务)”可知，这款只能机器人可能是工厂经理最可能感兴趣的产品，故选择B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Power-PROXTisanelectricambulancestretcherbeddesignedbyStrykerCorporationfromtheU.S.(PowerPROXT是一款电动救护车担架床，由美国史崔克公司 设计)”可知，Power-PROXT是一款电动救护车担架床，可以用来急救，故选择C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“FromsleepmachinestoAl-controlledhousecleaningrobots,awidevarietyofadvancedtechnologiesandproductsarebeingexhibitedatthe4thChinaInternationalImportExpo(CIIE)inShanghai.(从睡眠机器到铝控房屋清洁机器人，各种先进技术和产品正在上海第四届中国国际进口博览会（CIIE）上展出)”及文中四款产品的介绍可知，这些产品都是一些尖端产品，A.Cutting-edge.尖端的；B.Eco-friendly.环保的；C.Cost-effective划算的；D.Efficiency-enhancing.提高效率的。故选择A项。BOnedilemmathatthesuperfamousfaceisbalancingtheneedsofprivacyandrecognition.Forsomestarsprivacyisanovervaluedthing.In1919,DouglasFairbanksandMaryPickfordwentontheirEuropeanhoneymoon.Thetwointernationalidolshaddivorcedtheirpreviousspouses（配偶）andwereconcernedabouthowtheywouldbegreeted.Theyneedn’thaveworried.InLondontheircarwassurroundedbyadmiringwomenwhopulledMaryoutofthecartoshakeherhand,stillgratefulaftertwoyearsforhereffortssellingwarbonds.InParistheycouldn’tgetanysleepwithcrowdsgatheringbelowtheirhotelroomtosingandplayforthem.InAmsterdamtheyattendedapartyandweremobbed（包围）byotherguestswhowantedtogetclosetothem.TheathleticFairbanksplacedhiswifeonhisshoulderandescapedthroughthewindow.Finally,theyfoundprivacyinHamburg,wheretheirmovieswerenotshownbecauseofWorldWarI.Foranhourthefamousnewly-marriedcouplewalkedthestreetsunnoticeduntiltheboredMaryturnedtoherhusbandandsaid,“Doug,I’msickofthis.Let’sgobacktooneofthosecountrieswheretheymobus.”JoanCrawfordhadsimilarfeelings.Onceinthe1930sshewasstayinginNewYorkgettingoverherbreakupwithClarkGable.Tiredofstayingaroundherhotelfeelingsodownshetoldherentourage（随从）theyshouldgooutandgetsomefreshair.Theentourage,whohadtroublekeepingupwiththestar’squickpace,wereshockedwhenshewalkedawayfromtheirplannedroad."OhmyGod.She’sgoingintoGrandCentralStation!"Someoneshouted,“Look,it’sJoanCrawford!Andshewasmobbed.Ittookthemthirtyminutestoescapethecrowdandgetbacktotheirhotelsuite.Herhairdisheveled（凌乱），herdresstomandherfacescratched,Crawfordleanedagainstthedooroutofbreath."Oh.,.ohmy.Thatwaswonderful.Let’sdoitagain!”4.WhatdidDouglasandMaryworryaboutbeforegoingtoEurope? A.Nobodywouldgreetthem.B.Theywouldn’tbewelcomed.C.Theirwarbondswouldn’tsellwell.D.Theirschedulewouldbemadepublic.5.WhatdoesMary’swordsinthesecondparagraphsuggest?A.Hamburgwastooquietaplaceforher.B.Hermoviesweren’tshowninHamburg.C.Shefellillafterarrivinginanewplace.D.Shedidn’treallyenjoyprivacysomuch.6.WhatdidJoanCrawfordthinkofherbeingmobbedinNewYork?A.Amusing.B.Enjoyable.C.Dangerous.D.Embarrassing.7.Theauthortellsstoriesaboutthemoviestarstoshowthat______.A.theymayfeeldownfromtimetotimeB.theydeservepeople’sloveandrespectC.theyneedbothprivacyandpublicattentionD.theyarenotalwayspopulararoundtheworld【答案】4.B5.D6.B7.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章通过一些明星的案例说明一些名人面临的一个难题是如何平衡隐私和知名度的需要。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第三句“Thetwointernationalidolshaddivorcedtheirpreviousspouses（配偶）andwereconcernedabouthowtheywouldbegreeted.”（这两位国际偶像已经与前任离婚，他们很担心自己会受到怎样的欢迎。）可知，他们在去欧洲之前担心他们不会受到欢迎。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句““Doug,I’msickofthis.Let’sgobacktooneofthosecountrieswheretheymobus.””（道格，我受够了。让我们回到那些人们把我们团团围住的国家去吧。）可推知，她真的不太喜欢隐私。故选D。 【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Thatwaswonderful.Let’sdoitagain!”（这是美妙的。让我们再来一次!）可推知，琼·克劳馥(JoanCrawford)认为自己在纽约被团团围住是一种享受。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Onedilemmathatthesuperfamousfaceisbalancingtheneedsofprivacyandrecognition.”（超级名人面临的一个难题是如何平衡隐私和知名度的需要。）以及下文两个例子可知，文章主要是为了展示电影明星既需要隐私也需要公众关注。故选C。COnFebruary6,2020,AmericanastronautChristinaKocharrivedbackonEarthafter328daysinspace.Hertimeinspaceisjustoneoftherecordssetbyherself.That’sthelongestspaceflightevermadebyawoman,andjustoneofthemanythingsMs.Kochachievedinspace.Ms.KochtookofffromEarthfortheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)onMarch12,2019.Whileinspace,shemade5,248tripsaroundtheEarth,travelling2,237millionkilometers,whichisroughlythesameas291tripstotheMoonandback.Duringher11monthsontheISS,Ms.Kochtookpartinsixspacewalks,spendingover42hoursinalloutsidethestation.InOctoberof2019,Ms.Kochledthefirsteverall-femalespacewalkwithJessicaMeir.Butformostastronauts,spacetravelisn’taboutsettingrecords.It’saboutdoingscience.Ms.Kochtookpartinawidevarietyofspecialexperiments,includingstudyinghowcrystals(晶体)growinspace,howatoms(原子)behaveinextremecoldandlearningmoreaboutgrowingplantsinlowgravity.Growingplantsinspacecouldbeanimportantwaytoprovidefoodonfuturetrips.Shealsotestedanewwayofseparatingliquidsfromgases.Thisexperimentcouldleadtosimplemethodsofcleaningwaterandairinspace,whichcouldbeveryimportantforfuturespacetravel.Ms.Kochisn’tjustascientistandanastronaut.Sheisalsobeingstudied.She’spartofaNASAprogramstudyinghowastronautsareaffectedbybeinginspaceforlongperiodsoftime.Hertripwasonly12daysshorterthantheAmericanrecordsetbyScottKellyin2016.AstheydidwithMr.Kelly,NASAscientistsarelookingcarefullyatwaysMs.Koch’sbodyhasbeenaffectedbyhertimeinspace.ThatresearchisimportantforthelongerspacetripsNASAhopestomakeinthefuture,suchasforabaseonthemoonoratriptoMars.8.WhichofthefollowingisanachievementMs.Kochhasmade?A.Makingthelongestspaceflightbyherself. B.Leadingthefirstwomen-onlyspacewalk.C.Cleaningwaterandairsuccessfullyinspace.D.StayingoutsidetheISScontinuouslyfor42hours.9.WhatdoestheauthorwanttotelluswithsomanydetailedfiguresinParagraph2?A.Kochmadehistoricbreakthroughsinspace.B.Kochwentthroughalife-threateningspacetrip.C.Kochcompletedadmirabletasksinthespacetravel.D.KochisthemostexperiencedastronautinNASA.10.Whichstatementagreeswiththetext?AAstronautsarecompetingtosetnewrecords.B.Koch’steamproducedtheirownfoodinspace.C.NASAhasfoundedascientificbaseonthemoon.D.Koch’sresearchissignificantforspaceexploration.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Record-SettingAstronautKochReturnstoEarthB.USAstronautsCarriedoutExperimentsinSpaceC.SpacewalksHaveSuccessfullyBeenDoneontheISSD.NASAisStudyingAstronautsforLongerSpaceTrips【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了美国宇航员Koch女士做了创记录的太空飞行之后返回了地球，以及她为太空飞行所做出的巨大贡献。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段InOctoberof2019,Ms.Kochledthefirsteverall-femalespacewalkwithJessicaMeir.“在2019年10月，Koch女士与JessicaMeir一起领导了第一次只有女性的太空旅行。所以可知，Koch女士领导了第一次只有女性的太空旅行。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句That’sthelongestspaceflightevermadebyawoman,andjustoneofthemanythingsMs.Kochachievedinspace.可知，这次最长时间的太空旅行只是Koch女 士在太空中完成的任务之一。然后在接下来的第二段就用大量的数字列举了她在太空旅行中完成了很多令人敬佩的任务。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段Thisexperimentcouldleadtosimplemethodsofcleaningwaterandairinspace,whichcouldbeveryimportantforfuturespacetravel.可知，Koch女士的实验可以导致一种简单的清洗太空中的水和空气的方法，所以可知，她的研究对于未来的空间探索具有重要意义。故选D。【11题详解】标题判断题。主要介绍了美国宇航员Koch女士做了创记录的太空飞行之后返回了地球，以及她为太空飞行所做出的巨大贡献。所以最佳题目：创纪录的宇航员Koch返回地球。故选A。DInhabitatsacrosstheplanet,animalsperiodicallydropeverythingtowalk,flyorswimtoanewplace.Wildlifesuchaswhalesandgeeselearnmigrationpathsbyfollowingtheirparents.Others,includingsmallsongbirds,gainthedistanceanddirectionoftheirmigrationwithintheirgeneticcode.Andsomeanimalsuseacombinationofgeneticsandculturetoguidetheirmigration.Anothergroupofmigratorsdoesnotquitefiteithermodel,andresearchershaveonlyrecentlystartedtofigureouthowtheyfindtheirway.TaketheCory’sshearwater,anoceangoingseabirdthatmigratesovertheAtlanticeveryyear.Theyoungdonotmigratewiththeirparents,soculturecannotexplaintheirjourneys.Andtheexactpathsvarywildlyfromindividualtoindividual,makinggeneticsequallyunlikely.Cory’sshearwatersarelong-lived,rarelyproducingyoungsuccessfullybeforeagenine.Thisleavesanopeningforlearningandpracticetodeveloptheirmigrationpatterns.Researcherscallthisthe“exploration-refinement”,anduntilnowithasbeenhypothetical(假设的)becauseofdifficultiesintrackingmigratoryanimals’movements.Butateamofresearchershasdonethatbyattachingsmallgeolocatorstomorethan150ofthebirdsagedfourtonine.Theyfoundthatyoungerbirdstraveledlongerdistances,forlongerperiods,andhadmorediversepathsthanolderbirds.“Wefinallyhaveevidenceofthe‘exploration-refinement’formigratorybirds,”saysLetiziaCampioni,wholedthestudy.YoungerCory’sshearwatersareabletoflyjustasfastastheadults—buttheydonot,suggestingthattheyoungdomoreexploring,whichgraduallyfadesastheymatureandsettleintoapreferredcourse. Althoughitmayseemlessefficientthanotherstrategies,“explorationrefinementcouldbebeneficialtobirdsandotherorganismsinarapidlychangingworldduetounpredictableman-madechanges,”saysBarbaraFrei.“Itmightbesafertorepeatabehaviorthatwasrecentlysuccessfulthantorelyonpatternsthatwereperfectedlongagobutmightnolongerbesafe.”12.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?.A.Itdescribesanimals’habitats.B.Ittalksaboutmigrationmodels.C.Itcomparesdifferentspecies.D.Itintroducesatrackingtechnology.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inparagraph3referto?A.Theopeningforlearningandpractice.B.TheuniquelivinghabitofCory’sshearwaters.C.ThewayCory’sshearwatersformtheirmigrationpatterns.D.TheprocessscientiststrackCory’sshearwaters’movements.14.WhatdoesLetizia’sstudyfindabouttheyoungerCory’sshearwaters?A.Theytravelasmuchasadultbirds.B.Theymoveinapredictablemanner.C.Theylowerthespeedforexploration.D.Theylookforacoursewiththeirparents.15.Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph?A.Man-madechangesmakemigrationeasier.B.Animalsmakeasaferjourneyviaafixedtrack.C.Courseexplorationcontributestobirds’adaptability.D.Acombinationofstrategiesassuresmigrationsuccess.【答案】12.B13.C14.C15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对科里海鸥迁徙的模式的研究。12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Wildlifesuchaswhalesandgeeselearnmigrationpathsbyfollowingtheirparents.Others,includingsmallsongbirds,gainthedistanceanddirectionoftheirmigrationwithintheirgeneticcode.Andsomeanimalsuseacombinationofgeneticsandculturetoguidetheirmigration.(像鲸鱼和大雁这样的野生动物通过跟随父母学习迁徙路线。其他鸟类，包括小型鸣 禽，在它们的遗传密码中获得了迁徙的距离和方向。一些动物利用遗传和文化的结合来指导它们的迁移)”可知，本段主要讲述动物迁徙的模式。故选B项。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Cory’sshearwatersarelong-lived,rarelyproducingyoungsuccessfullybeforeagenine.Thisleavesanopeningforlearningandpracticetodeveloptheirmigrationpatterns.(科里海鸥的寿命很长，很少能在九岁之前成功产下幼崽。这为学习和实践发展它们的迁移模式提供了机会)”和“Researcherscallthisthe“exploration-refinement”(研究人员称之为“探索-精炼”)”可知，此处指研究人员称这种模式为“探索-精炼”，第三段中划线的this指代的是科里海鸥形成迁徙模式的方式。故选C项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“YoungerCory’sshearwatersareabletoflyjustasfastastheadults—buttheydonot,suggestingthattheyoungdomoreexploring,whichgraduallyfadesastheymatureandsettleintoapreferredcourse.(年轻的科里海鸥能够和成年海鸥一样快地飞行，但它们没有，这表明年轻的科里海鸥会进行更多的探索，随着它们成熟并确定了自己喜欢的路线，这种探索逐渐消失)”可知，莱蒂齐亚的研究发现小科里海鸥为了探索降低了它们的飞行速度。故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Althoughitmayseemlessefficientthanotherstrategies,“explorationrefinementcouldbebeneficialtobirdsandotherorganismsinarapidlychangingworldduetounpredictableman-madechanges,”saysBarbaraFrei.(芭芭拉·弗雷说：“尽管它看起来比其他策略效率低，但在一个由于不可预测的人为变化而迅速变化的世界中，探索精炼可能对鸟类和其他生物有益”)”推知，路线探索有助于鸟类的适应能力。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。SupportingOthersWe’realwaysbeingtoldthatthesecrettohappinessliesinhelpingothers.Indeed,it’snaturaltowanttosupportthosewecareabout,especiallyifweareinapositiontodoso.___16___Whenweoffersupport,itmaynotalwaysbewanted.___17___Inthiscase,offeringsupportinthemannerof“...iflwereyou,Iwould...”canfeellikeascoldingratherthansupport.Ifoursupport feelsconditional,itcanfeelburdensome.___18___Whensomeoneistryingtomanageillnessorahousemove,justsaying“Whatwouldhelpyoutoday?”canbeamazinglysupportive.Or,suggestwhatyoucandoforthem:pickingupsomeshopping,takingthedogforawalk.Evenifit’snotneeded,justknowingyou’vebeenthoughtofcanbesupportiveinitself.Trytobemindfulofofferingsupportthatisdisabling,ratherthanenabling.Myson,whenagedfive,wantedtomakeacupoftea.Icouldseehowinspiringitwasforhimtobeabletodothis.SoIfilledthekettleandtookhimthroughthesafetymeasures.Itfeltlikeahugeriskbutitworked.Hispleasurewasimmeasurable.Thesameprincipleapplieswhenweoffersupportthatincreasessomeoneelse’scapacity.___19___Sometimestheonlysupportthat’sneededistolistenwithoutjudgement.___20___Thisreassuresthemthatsomeonecaresenoughtolistenwhiletheygroundthemselves.Whentimesaretough,remembertokeepthingsstable.Waitinguntilthestormhaspassedisallittakes.Supportoftenworksbestwhenit’satwo-wayprocess.Itisgoodtoknowhowtoaccepthelpfromothersaswellasoffersupporttothem.A.Herearetheprosandconsofsupportingothers.B.Justbethere,whilesomeoneletsouttheirfeelings.C.Askwhatsupportisneededandprovideapracticalone.D.Thiscanoftenbeabiggergiftthanjustdoingitforthem.E.Butwecandomorebythinkingaboutthesupportweoffer.F.Becausebeingjudgmentalcanonlymakesomeoneannoyed.G.Sometimespeoplearetryingtomanagelifeintheirownway.【答案】16.E17.G18.C19.D20.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了我们应该如何支持别人及在支持别人的过程中应注意什么。【16题详解】由上一句“Indeed,it’snaturaltowanttosupportthosewecareabout,especiallyifweareinapositiontodoso.(确实，想要支持那些我们在乎的人是很正常的，特别是如果我们有能力这么做的话)”可知，E选项“Butwecandomorebythinkingaboutthesupportweoffer.(但是，通过 考虑我们提供的支持，我们可以做的更多)”承接上文，且选项中“thinkingaboutthesupportweoffer(想想我们提供的支持)”与下文“Whenweoffersupport,itmaynotalwaysbewanted(当我们提供支持时，可能并不总是被需要的)”相呼应，符合语境。故选E。【17题详解】由上一句“Whenweoffersupport,itmaynotalwaysbewanted.(当我们提供支持时，它可能并不总是被需要的)”和下一句“Inthiscase,offeringsupportinthemannerof“...ifIwereyou,Iwould...”canfeellikeascoldingratherthansupport.(在这种情况下，以一种“如果我是你……，我会……)”的方式提供帮助，感觉像是一种斥责而不是支持。”可知，此空承上启下。G选项:“Sometimespeoplearetryingtomanagelifeintheirownway.(有时人们想用自己的方式管理生活)”与上文“itmaynotalwaysbewanted(它可能并不总是被需要的)”和下文“Inthiscase(在这种情况下)”相呼应。故选G。【18题详解】由下文“Whensomeoneistryingtomanageillnessorahousemove,justsaying“Whatwouldhelpyoutoday?”canbeamazinglysupportive(当别人正试图处理疾病或者搬家的时候，只是说一句“有什么能帮你的吗？就是一种极大的支持)”可知，C选项：Askwhatsupportisneededandprovideapracticalone.(询问需要什么支持并提供一个实际的)符合语境，选项中“Askwhatsupportisneeded(询问需要什么支持)”与下文“justsaying,Whatwouldhelpyoutoday?(只是说一句，有什么能帮你的吗?)”相呼应。故选C。【19题详解】由上一句“Thesameprincipleapplieswhenweoffersupportthatincreasessomeoneelse’scapacity.(同样的原则也适用于，当我们提供支持以增强一个人的能力时)”可知，D选项：Thiscanoftenbeabiggergiftthanjustdoingitforthem.(与为他们做这件事相比，这往往是一个更大的礼物)符合语境。D选项中“This”指代上文“whenweoffersupportthatincreasessomeoneelse’scapacity(当我们提供的支持增加了别人的能力)”。故选D。【20题详解】由上一句“Sometimestheonlysupportthat’sneededistolistenwithoutjudgement(有时，唯一需要的支持就是聆听，不加评判)”可知，B选项：Justbethere,whilesomeoneletsouttheirfeelings.(当有人倾诉的时候，你就待在那里)中“Justbethere(你就待在那里)”承接上文“tolistenwithoutjudgement(不加评判地倾听)”。故选B。 第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Aftergraduation,Idecidedtotakethegymseriously.Accompaniedbyafriend,I___21___aroutineofwalkingonthetreadmill(跑步机).Iwas___22___withourroutineinthegym.Myfriend,however,becamebored.Oneday,hesuggestedthatwe___23___anoutdoorsport.Iwasanuncoordinated(动作不协调的)person,soI___24___hisidea.Butseveralweekslater,hemanagedto___25___metostepontoanoutdoorracquetball(美式壁球)court.WhenIhittheball,IsentitflyingineverydirectionexceptthedirectionthatIhad___26___.Still,somehow,Itriedhardtolearnitandbecame___27___afterconstantlypracticing.“We’renotgettingenough___28___onthetreadmill.Whynotplaytennistobuildupourbody?”suggestedmyfriend.“Tennis?Ican’tplaytennis!That___29___realskills!”Ifirmlyresistedhisnew___30___Nevertheless,weekslater,Istartedplayingtennis.Afterseveralmonthsofpainfulpractice,oneday,astheballcameflyingtowardsme,myracketandtheballmetinwhattennisplayers___31___asthe“sweetspot”.Ihad___32___learnedhowtoplaytennisproperly!Ilearnedanextremelyvaluable___33___fromtheseexperiences:IcandowhateverIsetmymindon.Ijustneedtoputinefforts,andtheresultswill___34___AndIbecomequite___35___abouttryingnewthingsandI’malwaysfilledwithasenseofexcitement.21.A.beganB.changedC.quitD.delayed22.A.disappointedB.familiarC.contentD.careful23.A.showoffB.takeupC.keepoffD.finishwith24.A.opposedB.supportedC.highlightedD.understood25.A.remindB.allowC.expectD.persuade26.A.imaginedB.intendedC.agreedD.found27.A.considerateB.cautiousC.skepticalD.skillful28.A.exerciseB.entertainmentC.movementD.experience29.A.assessesB.preservesC.improvesD.involves 30.A.methodB.chanceC.attemptD.assistance31.A.refertoB.thinkofC.makeupD.setdown32.A.occasionallyB.formallyC.eventuallyD.frequently33.A.conceptB.lessonC.theoryD.criterion34.A.respondB.remainC.followD.help35.A.hesitantB.enthusiasticC.particularD.flexible【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.A25.D26.B27.D28.A29.D30.C31.A32.C33.B34.C35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者原本认为自己身体不协调，不适合运动，但通过自己不断坚持和尝试，慢慢爱上并熟练。作者通过这些经历中学到了极其宝贵的一课：作者可以做任何他下定决心做的事。只需要付出努力，结果就会随之而来。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一位朋友的陪同下，我开始了在跑步机上行走的例行活动。A.began开始；B.changed更改；C.quit放弃；D.delayed延迟。由前文“Idecidedtotakethegymseriously”可知，这里作者“开始”从跑步开始锻炼。故选A项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对我们在健身房的日常生活感到满意。A.disappointed感到失望的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.content满意的；D.careful仔细的。由后文“Myfriend,however,becamebored.”可知，however这里表转折，说明作者对自己的健身很“满意”。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：一天，他建议我们做一项户外运动。A.showoff炫耀；B.takeup占据，开始从事；C.keepoff远离；D.finishwith以...结束。由后文“stepontoanoutdoorracquetballcourt”可知，这里应是建议作者“从事”一项户外运动。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我是一个不协调的人，所以我反对他的想法。A.opposed反对；B.supported支持；C.highlighted突出；D.understood理解。由前文“Iwasanuncoordinatedperson”可知，作者认为自己不协调，所以应该是“反对”这建议了。故选A项。【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但几周后，他设法说服我踏上户外壁球场。A.remind提醒；B.allow允许；C.expect预期；D.persuade劝说，说服。由前文“I　　4　　hisidea.”以及这里But表转折可知，最后作者朋友还是“说服”他了。故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我击球时，我把球往各个方向飞去，除了我想要的方向。A.imagined想象；B.intended打算，预想；C.agreed同意；D.found发现。由前文“Iwasanuncoordinatedperson”可知，球并没有按作者“预想”方向飞去。故选B项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，不知怎的，我还是努力学习，在不断练习之后变得熟练。A.considerate体贴的；B.cautious谨慎的；C.skeptical怀疑的；D.skillful熟练的。由前文“Itriedhardtolearnit”可知，经过作者努力后，最终变得“熟练”了。故选D项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在跑步机上没有得到足够的锻炼。A.exercise练习，锻炼；B.entertainment娱乐；C.movement移动；D.experience经验。由后文“Whynotplaytennistobuildupourbody”可知，作者朋友觉得跑步机“锻炼”量不够，所以建议打网球。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：网球？我不会打网球！那需要真正的技巧！A.assesses评估；B.preserves保存；C.improves改善；D.involves需要。由后文“myracketandtheballmetinwhattennisplayers　　11　asthe‘sweetspot’”可知，打网球需要技巧。故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我坚决抵制他的新尝试。A.method方法；B.chance机会；C.attempt尝试；D.assistance帮助。由前文“suggestedmyfriend”可知，作者这里抵抗朋友“尝试”打网球的建议。故选C项。【31题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：经过几个月的痛苦练习后，有一天，当球向我飞来时，我的球拍和球在网球运动员称之为“最佳位置”的地方相遇了。A.referto参考，指的是；B.thinkof想想；C.makeup组成；D.setdown制定。由后文“the‘sweetspot’”可知，作者这里指称为“最佳位置”的球技，refertoas表“称为”，为固定搭配。故选A项。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我终于学会了如何正确地打网球！A.occasionally偶尔地；B. formally正式地；C.eventually最终地；D.frequently频繁地。由前文“astheballcameflyingtowardsme,myracketandtheballmetinwhattennisplayers　11　asthe‘sweetspot’.”可知，作者“最终”球。故选C项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从这些经历中学到了极其宝贵的一课。A.concept.概念；B.lesson课，教训；C.theory理论；D.criterion标准。由后文“IcandowhateverIsetmymindon.”可知，作者从这次经历学到了“一课”。故选B项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只需要付出努力，结果就会随之而来。A.respond回应；B.remain保持；C.follow跟随；D.help帮助。由前文“Ijustneedtoputinefforts”可知，只要付出努力，（好的）结果将“跟随”而来。故选C项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对尝试新事物充满热情，我总是充满兴奋感。A.hesitant犹豫不决的；B.enthusiastic热情的；C.particular特别的；D.flexible灵活的。由后文“I’malwaysfilledwithasenseofexcitement.”可知，作者对尝试新鲜事物充满“热情”。故选B项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Agriculturalexpertssaycropdiversityisimportanttofeedthe___36___(increase)populationofourplanet.Theysayhavingalargevarietyofplantsalso___37___(help)toprotectagainstpossiblecropdiseasesandfuturecrises.Butmanyexpertssaythenumberhasdecreasedsharplyduringthepastcentury.Oneoftheworld’s___38___(large)seedconservationprojectshaspredictedfurtherlosses.TheMillenniumSeedBankPartnershipiswarningthatuptoonehundredthousandplantspeciescould___39___(permanent)disappear.Therichcollectionofgenes___40___decidetheirqualitieswoulddisappearwiththem.Manyexpertsblameclimatechangeandlossofhabitat,normalgrowtharea,fordamagingplantlife.Theysayhuman___41___(activity)andpoorlyplanned,overlyheavyuseoflandarealsoresponsible.Someexpertssaytheuseofmoderncommercialfarmingmethodssavedmillionsofpeoplefrom___42___(starve).Farmersplanted,watered,andfertilizedtheircrops___43___thehelpofmachines.Theytreatedtheirfieldswithchemicals___44___(control)diseasesandinsects. Harvestsgrewlargerandhigherquality,___45___anotherresultwasthatsometraditionalcropswerelost.【答案】36.increasing37.helps38.largest39.permanently40.thatwhich41.activities42.starvation43.with44.tocontrol45.butwhileyet【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了农作物多样性对于养活地球上不断增长的人口非常重要。【36题详解】考查形容词。句意：农业专家表示，作物多样性对于养活地球上不断增长的人口非常重要。分析句意再根据空格后的名词population可知，此处应该用提示词的形容词形式来修饰名词。故填increasing。【37题详解】考查主谓一致。句意：他们说，拥有大量种类的植物还有助于防止可能的作物疾病和未来的危机。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语havingalargevarietyofplants看作第三人称单数，故填helps。【38题详解】考查最高级。句意：世界上最大的种子保护项目之一预计损失将进一步扩大。分析句意再根据oneof可知，此处用形容词的最高级表示“最大的种子保护项目之一”符合语境。故填largest。【39题详解】考查副词。句意：TheMillenniumSeedBankPartnership警告称，多达10万种植物物种可能会永久消失。分析句式结构可知，disappear是动词，修饰动词要用副词，所以空格处应该填提示词的副词形式。故填permanently。【40题详解】考查定语从句。句意：决定它们品质的丰富的基因集合将随着它们一起消失。分析句式结构 可知，此处是定语从句，先行词词gene是物，且从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词that或which来引导，故填that/which。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：他们说，人类活动和规划不周、过度使用土地也是罪魁祸首。分析句式结构可知，此处用名词作主语，且activity是可数名词，此处用复数形式表泛指，故填activities。42题详解】考查名词。句意：一些专家说，现代商业农业方法的使用使数百万人免于饥饿。分析句式结构可知，此处用名词作介词from的宾语，所以此处用提示词的名词形式。故填starvation。【43题详解】考查介词。句意：农民在机器的帮助下种植、灌溉和施肥。分析句意再根据空格后的thehelpof可知，此处用介词构成固定短语withthehelpof表示“在……的帮助下”符合语境。故填with。【44题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：他们用化学药品处理田地以防治病虫害。分析句式结构可知，此处用动词不定式作目的状语符合语境。故填tocontrol。【45题详解】考查连词。句意：收成越来越大，质量越来越高，但另一个结果是一些传统作物失去了。分析句意可知，此处上下文之间是转折关系，且有逗号隔开，故填but/while/yet。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华。你校新来外教Mr.Smith周末想去博物馆游览，想找一名向导陪同。得知此事后，你写信向他推荐自己，内容包括：1.写信目的；2.推荐理由；3.表达期待。注意：1.词数80左右2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】onepossibleversion:DearSmith,I’mLiHua,presidentoftheStudentUnionofourschool.Havinglearnedyouarelookingforaguideforyourvisittoourlocalmuseumthisweekend,Iamwritingtorecommendmyself.WithagoodcommandofEnglishandoutgoingpersonality,IthinkIwillbeagoodguideforyou.Besides,Ihavegainedsomerelevantexperiencewhileworkingasavolunteerinthemuseum.Additionally,asahistorylover,myinsightintothelocalhistoryandcultureisboundtomakeyour visitenjoyableandunforgettable.Ihopeyouwillconsidermyrecommendationandhaveagoodweekend!Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文写作，要求写一封信毛遂自荐当外教游览博物馆的向导，属于书信体写作中的推荐信范畴。【详解】推荐信是书面表达的常见题型之一，也是高考的常客，故平时练习中对固定句式的掌握十分重要。完成本题时，应注意以下要点。要点1：审清题目，理清结构题目的设定是你（李华）得知你校新来的外教Mr.Smith周末想去博物馆游览，想找一名向导陪同，你写信向他推荐自己。审题之后可知，本文主体内容应使用第一人称、一般现在时进行写作，谈及过往的经历或经验时可视情况使用一般过去时或现在完成时。写作内容包括：写信目的，也就是推荐自己（简明扼要）；推荐理由，即说明自身优势，如性格、语言能力、知识面、过往经验等（重点内容，适当展开）：表达期待，期待能够有这个机会，希望得到回复（简明扼要，注意此为结尾，写作应得体、礼貌）。要点2：充实内容，注重表达进行写作时，应特别注意对推荐理由也就是个人优势进行适当内容拓展，此乃本篇书面表达重中之重。个人优势既可以结合自己过往的经历来谈，如自己有过相关的博物馆讲解经历；自己有很广的知识面，有相应的历史文化知识储备和语言能力；自己性格开朗，乐于助人，善于与他人沟通。具体在进行英文写作时，应特别注意上下文的衔接自然，善用连接词和定语从句等，同时注意高级表达和句式多样性的运用。【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了许多精彩的句式，如Havinglearnedyouarelookingforaguideforyourvisittoourlocalmuseumthisweekend,Iamwritingtorecommendmyself.以及WithagoodcommandofEnglishandoutgoingpersonality,IthinkIwillbeagoodguideforyou.等。语言表达十分地道，同时运用了besides和additionally等连接词，还有gainsomerelevantexperience,asahistorylover,myinsightintothelocalhistoryandculture,beboundto,makeyourvisitenjoyableandunforgettable,considermyrecommendation等。范文内容十分出彩，实现了句式的多样性和上下文的逻辑连接自然。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。 第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。JoeandIhadbeenlookingforwardtoourretirement.However,whenhesufferedaheartattacklastspring,hewasforcedtoleavehisjobasatruckdriverearlierthanwehadplanned.Asthemedicalbillsincreased,werealizedIwouldhavetocontinueworkingfull-timewhileJoestayedhomeandtookoverthehousework.Thisnewarrangementwasadisaster.Onenight,whenIdraggedmyselftobed,IwashorrifiedtodiscoverJoehadturnedourwhitesheetsblue.Hetoldmehehadfoundouthowtosaveonwater,soapandelectricity.Hepattedhisbluetrousersandannouncedproudlywashingeverythingtogetherwasthesecret.WhenIawoketothedeafeningrainthenextmorning,allIwantedwasahothome-cookedmeal.However,whatgreetedmeatthetablewasamicrowavepackage.Iknewmyhusbandhadhisfaults,butIthoughtheatleastknewhowtocook!IknewifIdidn’tleavethehousesoonIwouldlosemytemperwithhim.Astheheavyrainthundereddownoutside,Joeofferedtodrivemetowork.IignoredhimasIstruggledintomyjacketandseizedmybagwithmyteachingplansinside.Heinsistedthathewouldtakemeandreachedforhisboots.Ilookedatthepilesofnewspapersandthedirtydishesstillonthetable.“Don’tyouhaveenoughtodo?Icantakecareofmyself.”Istormedout,notevenkissinghimgoodbye.Joeshoutedaftermenottotaketheshortcut(捷径).Tenminuteslater,IignoredJoe’swarningandturnedoffthemainroutetotaketheshortcut.Ithoughtithadn’trainedenoughtofloodtheroad,butasIroundedthecorner,waterrushedacrossmypath.Afterafewfeet,thecargotstuck.Iopenedthedoorandwaterpouredin.Ihurriedlyclosedthedoor.Icouldn’triskwalkinginthis.Almost20minutespassed.Thecarbegantoshake.1gotthefrightofmylifewhenIheardthreelonghonks(喇叭声).注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右;2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph1:Lookingovermyshoulder,Istaredintotheflashinglightsofafamiliartruck.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Aftergettingtoourwarmhome,Joeheldmyhandtight._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Lookingovermyshoulder,Istaredintotheflashinglightsofafamiliartruck.IrealizedthatJoehadcometorescueme.MyheartdancedwithjoywhenIheardJoe’svoice.Followinghisinstructions,Iclimbedoutofthesunroof.WhenIgotout,IfoundthatJoehadturnedthetruckroundformetogeton.Joedrovetohigherground.Herapidlygotoutofthevehicleandhelpedmeintothepassenger’sseat.WhenIthoughtabouthowIhadtreatedhimearlier,myeyeswatered.Aftergettingbacktoourwarmhome,Joeheldmyhandtight.Hewaswetallover,butwrappedablanketaroundmefirst.Inawhisperingvoice,headmitteditwashisfaultfornotdoingthehouseworkproperly.Itdidn’tmakemeangryanymorewhenIthoughtofJoe’sheroicrescue.Ialsorealizedthatourcurrentlifewasnewtobothofus.Wehadtoalloweachotherthetimetogetusedtoit.Withthisthought,IopenedmyarmstoJoeandsaid,“Darling,Iforgiveyou.”【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者对丈夫的一些生活琐事的误解，非常生气，气冲冲地去上班。外面倾盆大雨，作者无视丈夫的警告，在上班的路上遇险的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“我扭头望向一辆熟悉的卡车闪烁的灯光。”可知，第一段可描写丈夫救作者的经过。②由第二段首句内容“回到我们温暖的家后，乔紧紧地握住我的手。”可知，第二段可描写作者对丈夫的误解消除，爱意上头。 2.续写线索：高兴——解救——感动——承认错误——原谅3.词汇激活行为类①意识到：realize/beawareof②.泪流满面：one’seyeswatered/one’sfaceiscoveredwithtears③.爬出：climbout/crawlout情绪类①.高兴：joy/delight/pleasure②.生气的：angry/annoyed【点睛】[高分句型1].Followinghisinstructions,Iclimbedoutofthesunroof.（运用了现在分词作状语）[高分句型2].Ialsorealizedthatourcurrentlifewasnewtobothofus.（运用了连接代词that引导的宾语从句）