初中英语中考词缀汇总（前后缀 近义词反义词形似记忆法）

中考英语词缀（一）3ab表示反常如：absent缺席abnormal不正规的ap表示添加如：append悬挂apposition同位置bi表示两、重如：bicycle自行车bigamy重婚com表示共同如：combine联合compete相争dis表示分开如：disarm裁军dislike讨厌im表示不如：impossible不可能的immoral不道德的in表示不、向内如：informal非正式的inhuman不人道的non表示无如：nonparty无党派的nonmetal非金属pro表示向前如：progress进步prognostic预兆re表示回、重新如：review复习reaction反应un表示不、非如：unhappy不快乐的unbalance失去平衡al表示人、物如：rival竞争者mural壁画cy表示状态、职位如：bankruptcy破产captaincy船长er表示人、物如：teacher老师cooker厨具able表示可能的如：movable可移动的passable可通行的ful表示充满如：beautiful美丽的useful有用的or表示人、物如：actor男演员mirror镜子ist表示人如:copyist抄写员socialist社会主义者ment表示行为如：enjoyment娱乐movement运动ing表示令人如：exciting令人兴奋的interesting令人有兴趣的ed表示感到如：excited感到兴奋的interested感到有兴趣的less表示没有的如：resistless不抵抗的homeless无家可归的ly副词后缀如：gently轻轻地intently专心地tion名词后缀如：graduation毕业relation亲属3（二）单词构词法前缀后缀词汇前缀3un-“不”happyunhappylikeunlikeusualunusualfriendlyunfriendlyim-“不”possible　impossible3后缀3-er“人”teachteacherplayplayercleancleanerdrivedriver(以e结尾，-r)runrunner(重读闭音节，双写-er)winwinnertraveltraveller-or“人”　　　　inventinventorvisitvisitor-ly(副词后缀)　badbadly/quickquicklycarefulcarefully/happyhappilydeepdeeply/luckyluckilyusualusuallynoisynoisilyslowslowly/angryangrilystrongstrongly/quietquietly3 特例：truetrulyterribleterriblypossiblepossibly-ful(形容词后缀)carecarefulhelphelpfuluseusefulforgetforgetful-y(形容词后缀)rainrainyluckluckycloudcloudynoisenoisy(以e结尾，去e，加-y)snowsnowysunsunny(双写，加-y)windwindy-ion(名词后缀)inventinventionoperateoperation-ness(名词后缀)busybusinessgoodgoodness一些特例：动词---形容词sleepasleepdie　　　deadenjoy　　enjoyable动词---现在分词转化为名词boatboatingbuildbuildingbegin　beginningcross　crossingmeet　meetingturn　　turning名词---形容词friendfriendlysouthsouthernwoolwoolendanger　dangerousdifferencedifferentfryfriedworryworried动词---过去分词转为形容词breakbrokenloselost　　please　pleasedcolour　　coloured动词---名词knowknowledgeflyflightplease　pleasure名词---名词farm　　　farmer农夫动词---现在分词、过去分词转为形容词followfollowinginterestinterested“感兴趣的”只作表语，仅用于beinterestedininteresting“有趣的”可作表语和定语developdeveloped“发达的”developing“发展中的”33 中考英语单词近义词反义词记忆法31)形似记忆China中国sinopec中国石化sinopetrol中国石油yahoo长着虎牙的人乡巴佬baggageluggage行李2)音似记忆sofa沙发talkshow脱口秀hacker黑客nylon尼龙gene基因radar雷达tango探戈golf高尔夫cartoon卡通ballet芭蕾model模特aspirin阿斯匹林cigar雪茄nicotine尼古丁shock休克lemon柠檬salad沙拉copy拷贝morphine吗啡3)特殊记忆blacktea红茶brownsugar红糖lovepea红豆beauty红颜sweetpotato红薯trafficlight红绿灯goodluck红运green-eyed眼红4)总结式记忆表达“胖”plump(丰满的)heavy(份量重的)stout(壮实的)husky(结实的)strong(很壮的)well-built(健壮的)表达“生气”angry(英式用法)mad(美式用法)beblueintheface(词组)feelhotunderthecollar(词组)pissoff(词组)表达“破坏”damagedestroy表达“旅行”trip(出差性的)travel(周游世界性的)journey(陆地上的)flight(空中)voyage(海上)tour(以玩目的)sightseeing(观光)表达“打扰”bother(口语)disturb(正式)interrupt(较不礼貌的)表达“很好的”wonderfulterrificexcellentfantasticfabulousextraordinary表达“瘦”thin(干瘦)scrawny(骨瘦如柴的)bony(瘦骨嶙峋的)skinny(皮包骨)skinandbone(极瘦的)slim(纤细的)slender(苗条的)lean(无脂肪的)5)搞怪式记忆“三围”bust(胸围)busty(波霸)waist(腰围)waist-belt腰带hip(臀围)hip-hop街舞床上六件套mat(褥子)sheet(床单)quilt(被子)bedspread(床罩)pillow(枕头)cushion(小垫子)多种衣服cloth(布)clothes(衣裳)garment(衬衣)blouse(女衬衫)sweater(毛衣)coat(外套)jumper(短衫)suit(西装)costume(戏服)pants(裤子)jacket(夹克)dress(女服)T-shirt(T恤)skirt(裙子)四种虾shrimp(虾米)driedshrimps(虾仁)prawn(对虾)lobster龙虾33