湖北省襄阳市普通高中2022-2023学年高一英语上学期期末教学质量检测试题（Word版附解析）

襄阳市普通高中2022-2023学年度上学期期末教学质量检测统一测试高一英语注意事项:1.答题前,先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答:用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡，上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.₤19.15.B.₤9.18.C.₤9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthewomanwanttoeat?A.Nuts.B.Chips.C.Chocolate.2.Whenwillthetowerbefinished?A.Nextweek.B.Nextmonth.C.Nextyear.3.Whatisinthetreenow?A.Aboy.B.Acat.C.Adog.4.WhatwillthewomanprobablydothisSaturdaynight?A.Studyathome.B.Dancewithherfriend.C.CatchuponaTVshow.5.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inanairport.B.Inahotel.C.Inataxi.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A.B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Howdoesthewomanfeelatfirst? A.Excited.B.Uncertain.C.Curious.7.Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutthesecondjob?A.Thepay.B.Thebusinesstrip.C.Thehealthinsurance.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Waiterandcustomer.B.Husbandandwife.C.Doctorandpatient.9.Whatisthenameofthesugarusedinthenewsugar-freecola?A.Sugar-like.B.Stevia.C.Aspartame.10.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Getaregularcola.B.Addsomesugartoherdrink.C.Buysomenewsugar-freecola.听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。11.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.InaTVstudio.B.Onabeach.C.Athome.12.Whoisthemanprobably?AAdirector.B.Aweatherexpert.C.Ahost.13.Whatwilltheweatherbeontheweekend?A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Cloudy.听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。14.Whichanimalisthewoman’sfavoritevideoabout?A.Apanda.B.Aduck.C.Adog.15.Howdoesthemanfeelatfirst?A.Calm.B.Happy.C.Tired.16.Whatisspecialaboutthecat“Duck“?A.Shehasherownvideochannel.B.Shelostherfrontlegs.C.Sheonlyhasoneeye.17.WhodoesDucklovestoplaywith?A.“Bimini”.B.“Goose”.C.“Po”.听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。18.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?A.Localvillagepeople.B.Agroupofbuilders.C.Atourgroup.19.Whendidthespeakerfirstmovetohishomeinthecity?A.Whenhewasachild.B.Whenhestarteduniversity.C.Whenhegothisfirstjob.20.HowlongwillthegroupbewalkingtogettoMachuPicchu?A.Foroneday.B.Fortwodays.C.Forfivedays.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIt’sMuseumDay.Here’showtogetfreeticketsandhavesomefunMuseumDayishereforonedayandonedayonly—soyou’llneedtohurryifyouwanttotakeadvantageofthechancetogetfreeSaturdayadmissiontooneofthehundredsofparticipatingmuseumsTheyearlyeventishostedbySmithsonianMagazineandinvolvesmuseumsandculturalinstitutionscomingtogethertoofferfreeadmissionforpatrons(顾客)whowouldotherwisehavetopayforentry.YoujustneedanemailaddresstogetaticketTogetaticketyou’llneedtogototheSmithsonianMagazinewebsiteandpickwhichmuseumyouwanttogoto.You’llbeabletosearchtoseewhichmuseumsnearyouareparticipating,andfromthereyoujusthavetoputinyouremailaddressandname.Afterthat,youcandownloadyourticketandheadoutforsomefun.AlotofmuseumsarestillfeelingfinancialstressfromthepandemicTheeventishappeningasmuseumsarestillstrugglingfromthehitstheytookduringthefirstfewyearsofthepandemic.TheAmericanAllianceofMuseumsestimateditwilltakeyearsformuseumstofullyrecover.InFebruary,thegroupreleasedsurveyresultsthatdetailedthosefinanciallosses.AAMPresidentandCEOLauraLottnotedthatfederalreliefhelpedremovethethreatofclosurethatmanyinstitutionswerefacing,but2022provedtobeanotherpainfulyear.Butthere’shopethatafreedayatthemuseumsmightsparksubsequent(随后的)visits.1.HowoftenisMuseumDayheld?A.Onceaweek.B.Onceamonth.C.Onceayear.D.Onceaday.2.Whatdoyouneedtodotogetafreeticket?A.Togotothenearestmuseum.B.TobuySmithsonianMagazine.C.Toenteryouremailaddressandname.D.TobeamemberofSmithsonianMagazine.3.WhatisthesignificanceofhostingMuseumDay? A.Itwillhelppeopledealwithstress.B.Itwillmakemuseumsmorefamous.C.Itcanhelpmuseumstofullyrecover.D.Itmayattractmorevisitorstomuseums.【答案】1.C2.C3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文，本文主要介绍了“博物馆日”和如何获得免费门票，以及博物馆由于疫情而面临的财务压力。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“It’sMuseumDay.Here’showtogetfreeticketsandhavesomefun(今天是博物馆日。这里是如何获得免费门票和一些乐趣)”这一部分第二段“TheyearlyeventishostedbySmithsonianMagazineandinvolvesmuseumsandculturalinstitutionscomingtogethertoofferfreeadmissionforpatrons(顾客)whowouldotherwisehavetopayforentry.(一年一度的活动由Smithsonian杂志主办，博物馆和文化机构联合起来为那些需要付费入场的观众提供免费门票)”可知，“博物馆日”每年一次。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Youjustneedanemailaddresstogetaticket(你只需要一个电子邮件地址就能买到票)”这一部分中“You’llbeabletosearchtoseewhichmuseumsnearyouareparticipating,andfromthereyoujusthavetoputinyouremailaddressandname.(你可以搜索你附近的哪些博物馆正在参加，然后你只需要输入你的电子邮件地址和姓名)”可知，要得到免费的门票，需要输入电子邮件地址和姓名。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“Butthere’shopethatafreedayatthemuseumsmightsparksubsequent(随后的)visits.(但人们希望，在博物馆免费参观一天，可能会吸引更多游客前来参观)”可知，举办“博物馆日”是希望能吸引更多的游客参观博物馆。故选D。BOnedayinelementaryschool,afriendaskedme“Whatareyoueating?”assheglancedatmylunchbox.“Itsmells,”shesaid,nosecrinkled.IwaseatingbhindirotimyfavoriteIndiansnack,whichmymomhadpackedforme.Butfeelingembarrassedforhavinga“smelly”lunchandwantingtofitin,Iquietlyshutmylunchbox.Thatday,Iwenthungry. Mostdaysafterthat,lunchtimeatschoolfeltlikeabattle.IfIwasn’ttryingtohidemylunchorsneakquickbiteswhennoonewaslooking,I’dinsistonbringinginthesamepeanut-butter-and-jellysandwichastheotherkids.Mymom,whodidn’tgrowupeatingAmericanfood,triedherbest,butthesandwichesneverlooked,ortasted,asgoodasthefoodIdevoured(津津有味地吃)athome.Ididn’tknowthatIwasn’talone.Manykidswithimmigrantparentsencounter(遭遇)what’sknownas“thelunchboxmoment”atschool:theexperienceofbeingjudgedforbringinginfoodconsideredculturallydifferentandsobeingmadetofeellikeanoutsider.Forthisarticle,Italkedwithkidswhocouldrelate.Buttheyalsosurprisedme:Theydealtwith“thelunchboxmoment”differentlythanIdid.Forexample,SatyaSingh,6,whotakeshermom’sIndiancookingtolunchmostdays,toldmethatonedayaclassmatesaidthatheraloo,orpotatoes,lookedlikepoop.Anothertime,someonesaidthatthedal,orlentils,lookedlike“throwup”.Thenextday,Satyabroughtenoughdaltosharewithherentireclass—andtheylovedit.Fromthenon,shesays,“Myteacheratschoolmadearule:Don’tyucksomeone’syum.”Lookingback,IwishI’dhadthewisdomofSatyaandofferedmyfriendabiteofmylunch,orjusttoldheritwasdelicious—especiallybecausenow,asanadult,IseethatIndianfoodisuniversallylovedbymyfriends.SomeeventrytocookIndianlentilsorchickpeasathome!AndwhenI’mhungry,guesswhat?Imissmymom’sbhindirotiandhercareinmakingitforme.Foodisanexpressionofculture,tradition,familyandlove.Andthat’ssomethingtocelebrate,nothide.4.Whydidthewritergohungryonedayinelementaryschool?A.Shedidn’tlikehersmellylunch.B.Herclassmatesateupherbhindiroti.C.Hermomdidn’tpreparelunchforher.D.Sheskippedherlunchtofitinwithothers.5.Whatcanweinferaboutthewriteraccordingtothepassage?A.Sheenjoyedthelunchtimeatschool.B.HerparentsareimmigrantsfromIndia.C.Shelikedpeanut-butter-and-jellysandwichbest.D.Shewouldbiteherbhindirotiquicklywhensomeonewaslooking.6.HowdidSatyadealwith“thelunchboxmoment”?A.Shethrewawayherlunchbox.B.Sheaskedherteachertomakearule. C.SheateAmericanfoodinsteadofhermom’sIndiancooking.D.ShebroughtmoreIndiancookingtosharewithherclassmates.7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellus?A.Foodissomethingtocelebrate,nothide.B.Nevershouldyouyucksomeone’syuminanycase.C.Indianfoodisdeliciousanduniversallyappreciated.D.Thelunchboxmomentiswhenonecantastedifferentfoods.【答案】4.D5.B6.D7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章从作者亲身经历讲到移民家庭孩子在学校吃自带午餐（印度菜）的困境，然后讲到SatyaSingh怎么积极应对午餐时刻，最后指出食物是用来庆祝的，不是用来隐藏的。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Butfeelingembarrassedforhavinga‘smelly’lunchandwantingtofitin,Iquietlyshutmylunchbox.Thatday,Iwenthungry.(但我为吃了一顿‘有味道’的午餐而感到尴尬，并想融入其中，我悄悄地合上了午餐盒。那天，我挨饿了)”可知，作者是因为没有吃午餐而挨饿的。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Ididn’tknowthatIwasn’talone.Manykidswithimmigrantparentsencounter(遭遇)what’sknownas‘thelunchboxmoment’atschool(我不知道不是我一个人这样。许多移民家庭的孩子在学校会遇到所谓的‘午餐盒时刻’)”可知，作者也是移民家庭的孩子。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Thenextday,Satyabroughtenoughdaltosharewithherentireclass—andtheylovedit.(第二天，Satya带了足够的扁豆和全班同学分享——他们都很喜欢)”可知，Satya带来了更多的印度菜和同学们分享。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段中“Foodisanexpressionofculture,tradition,familyandlove.Andthat’ssomethingtocelebrate,nothide.(食物是文化、传统、家庭和爱的表达。这是用来庆祝的，而不是用来隐藏的)”可知，文章从作者亲身经历讲到移民家庭孩子在学校吃自 带午餐（印度菜）的困境，然后讲到SatyaSingh怎么积极应对午餐时刻，最后点题，食物是用来庆祝的，不是用来隐藏的。故选A。C“WHATCANIHELPYOUWITH?”saysavoicefromaniPhone.It’sSiri,andshe’sreadytofollowyourvoicecommandstosearchtheInternet,textsomeone,orplayasong.Siriisanexampleofartificialintelligence(AI),oracomputerprogramthatcanthink.ThewaySirithinksisverydifferentfromhowapersonthinks.Shedoesn’thaveabrain.Instead,shereliesoncodeinacomputerprogramtounderstandspeechandanswerquestions.Andsomequestionsarestilltoodifficultforhertoanswer.However,AIprogramslikeSiriaregettingsmarterandsmartereveryyear.In2011,anAInamedWatsondefeatedtwohumanchampionsonthequizshowJeopardy!Computerprogramscanalsodrivecars,performscienceexperiments,andproducetheirownartwork.Someday,artificialintelligencewillmostlikelysurpasshumanintelligence.Oncethishappens,computerswillthink,plan,andactatalevelthathumanbeingscan’tunderstand.InhisbookSuperintelligence,NickBostromwrites,“Asthefateofthegorillasnowdependsmoreonushumansthanonthegorillasthemselves,sothefateofourspecieswoulddependontheactionsofthemachinesuperintelligence.”Ifasuperintelligencewantedtoruletheworld,Bostromargues,itwouldeasilydoso.Itcouldalsowipeoutallhumans.Orjustignoreus.Whateveritdid,welikelywouldn’thavemuchcontrol.He’snottheonlyoneworrying.In2015,agroupofgreatscientists,includingStephenHawking,wroteanopenletterthatasksanyoneresearchingAItoproceedcarefully.AIhasthepotentialtobenefitsocietygreatly,but“ourAIsystemsmustdowhatwewantthemtodo.”theywrite.Whatdoyouthink?IfpeoplecreateasuperintelligentAI,willwebeabletocontrolit?WhatwillhappentousifasuperintelligentAIstartsmakingdecisionsonitsown?8.WhatcanSiridonowaccordingtothepassage?A.Shecanthinklikeahuman.B.Shecananswerallkindsofquestions.C.Shecanfollowyourvoicecommands.D.Shecanmakedecisionsonherown.9.WhatdoesthewriterwanttoshowbymentioningAIWatson?A.AIisgettingincreasinglysmart.B.Computerscienceisdevelopingfast.C.AIperformsbestinthequizshowJeopardy.D.Computerprogramscandoavarietyof jobs.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“surpass”meaninparagraph3?A.Besimilarto.B.Dobetterthan.C.Competeagainst.D.Bejuniorto.11.WhatisNickBostrom’sattitudetowardssuperintelligence?A.Supportive.B.Doubtful.C.Cautious.D.Objective.【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述人工智能越来越聪明，人们担心它会超越人类。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“It’sSiri,andshe’sreadytofollowyourvoicecommandstosearchtheInternet,textsomeone,orplayasong.(这就是Siri，她可以按照你的语音指令搜索互联网，给某人发短信，或者播放一首歌)”可知，Siri可以听从声音指令。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。第二段中“However,AIprogramslikeSiriaregettingsmarterandsmartereveryyear.(然而，像Siri这样的人工智能程序每年都变得越来越聪明)”是主题句，提到人工智能越来越聪明，下文“In2011,anAInamedWatsondefeatedtwohumanchampionsonthequizshowJeopardy!(2011年，一个名叫Watson的人工智能在智力竞赛节目《危险边缘》中击败了两位人类冠军)”提及Watson的例子是为了论证上述观点。故选A。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段划线词下文“Oncethishappens,computerswillthink,plan,andactatalevelthathumanbeingscan’tunderstand.(一旦发生这种情况，计算机将以人类无法理解的水平思考、计划和行动)”可知，划线词所在句意为“总有一天，人工智能很可能会超越人类智能”，surpass意为“超越”。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“He’snottheonlyoneworrying.(他不是唯一一个担心的人)”可知，NickBostrom对超级人工智能持谨慎态度。故选C。DAtriptoVenicewillnowleaveyourwalletevenemptier.Earlierthisyear,thecityannouncedthatanyonewhoentersVeniceanddoesn’tstayovernightis settopayafeerangingfrom3to10euros,dependingonfactorssuchasadvancebookingandwhetherit’speakseasonorifthecityisverycrowded.ThisrulewillcomeintoeffectinJanuary2023.AccordingtoTheAssociatedPress,asmasstourismgainedpopularityinVeniceinthemid-1960s,thenumberofvisitorsincreasedyearbyyear.In2019,thelastyearbeforetheCOVID-19pandemic,thereweresome19millionday-tripperswhovisitedthecity.AsmorevisitorscometoenjoythecharmoftheItaliancity,lotsofVenetianresidentshavebeenforcedtoleavetheirhomes.AccordingtoCNN,duetocongestion(拥堵)andtheincreasingcostsofdeliveringfoodandothergoodsincarlessVenice,around70percentofVenetianresidentshaveleftthecityinthepast70years.Thegovernmenthopesthenewrulecouldhelptoregulate(调节)tourisminthecityand“findabalancebetweenVenetianresidentsandlong-termandshort-termvisitors”,asnotedbyAP.Themoneytheycollectwillbeusedtocleanupwasteandmaintaintheheritageofthecity.LocalMarcoMalafante,whomanagesvacationrentals(租赁)inthecity,alsoexpressedhissupportforthemove.ButaVenetiangondolier,simplycalledCuba,wasworriedandthoughtthegovernmentmoveswould“commercialize(使商业化)”thecityanddisturbthelivesofordinarypeople.“EnteringVenicewillbelikeenteringamuseum.Idon’tthinkthemeasurewillhelptheproblemoftransformingVeniceintoaDisneyland,withfake(假的)glassshopsandpiazzasellersreplacingtheoldartisan(工匠)shops,”CubatoldCNN.12.Accordingtothenewrule,whatkindsofvisitorstoVenicewillpayforafee?A.AllvisitorswhocometoVenice.B.Visitorswhodon’tbookinadvance.C.VisitorswhovisitVeniceinpeakseason.D.Visitorswhodon’tspendanightinVenice.13.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonwhymanyVenetianshavelefttheirhomes?A.Heavytraffic.B.TheCOVID-19pandemic.C.Therisingcostsofdelivery.D.Increasingnumbersofvisitors.14.WhatdidCubathinkofthenewrule?A.Itwon’thelpsettletheproblem.B.Itcouldhelptoregulatetourism.C.ItwilltransformVeniceintoaDisneyland.D.Itwillhelpmaintaintheheritageofthecity. 15.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.Venicewillrestoreitscharm.B.Venicewillchargefordaytrips.C.Venicewillbecommercializedsoon.D.Venicewillbalancethelocalsandvisitors.【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述威尼斯为了缓解游客过多的压力和保护威尼斯城将采取一项举措，即对不在威尼斯过夜的游客收费。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Earlierthisyear,thecityannouncedthatanyonewhoentersVeniceanddoesn’tstayovernightissettopayafeerangingfrom3to10euros(今年早些时候，威尼斯市政府宣布，任何进入威尼斯但不过夜的人都要支付3到10欧元不等的费用)”可知，不在威尼斯过夜的游客要付费。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“AsmorevisitorscometoenjoythecharmoftheItaliancity，lotsofVenetianresidentshavebeenforcedtoleavetheirhomes.AccordingtoCNN,duetocongestion(拥堵)andtheincreasingcostsofdeliveringfoodandothergoodsincarlessVenice,around70percentofVenetianresidentshaveleftthecityinthepast70years.(随着越来越多的游客来享受这座意大利城市的魅力，许多威尼斯居民被迫离开家园。据美国有线电视新闻网报道，在没有汽车的威尼斯，由于交通拥堵以及食品和其他货物运输成本的增加，在过去的70年里，大约70%的威尼斯居民离开了这座城市)”可知，游客增多、交通拥堵和运输成本的增加迫使威尼斯人离开家园，新冠不是威尼斯人离开家园的原因。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中Cuba说的话“Idon’tthinkthemeasurewillhelptheproblemoftransformingVeniceintoaDisneyland,withfake(假的)glassshopsandpiazzasellersreplacingtheoldartisan(工匠)shops(我认为这项措施无助于解决威尼斯变成迪士尼乐园的问题，因为假玻璃商店和广场小贩取代了旧的手工商店)”可知，Cuba认为新规定无助于解决问题。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第二段“Earlierthisyear,thecityannouncedthatanyonewhoentersVeniceanddoesn’tstayovernightissettopayafeerangingfrom3to10euros( 今年早些时候，威尼斯市政府宣布，任何进入威尼斯但不过夜的人都要支付3到10欧元不等的费用)”可知，本文主要讲述威尼斯为了缓解游客太多的问题和保护威尼斯城将对不在威尼斯过夜的游客收费。B项“威尼斯将对一日游收费”适合作为文章标题。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。E-bike,poweredbyanelectricmotorinadditiontoyourpedaling,isgrowingfasterthananyotherkindofbikesthesedays.Beforeyougoonyournexttwo-wheeledadventure,makesureyou’refamiliarwiththeinsandoutsofbicyclesafety.___16___Manyofthesafetyrecommendationsarethesameforbothtypesofbikes.___17___Wearahelmet.Makesureyou’revisibletomotorists(somee-bikesnowcomewithlights).Don’ttalkonthephone,text,orlistentomusic.Andifyou’reane-bikerider,payattentiontothesetipstoo:•___18___Thatstartswithcheckingthatthetiresareinflatedandthebrakesareworkingproperly.Ifthebicyclehasn’tbeenusedforawhile,takeitforatune-upbeforeyoutakeitforaride.“Forane-bike,alsomakesureyourbatteryischarged,”saysAshLovell,electricbicyclepolicydirectoratPeopleforBikes,acyclistadvocacyorganization.Andbeforeandaftereveryride,checkyourbicyclefordamage.•___19___Thisisimportantfore-bikeriders.“Withtheabilitytogofastercomestheresponsibilitytoknowwhenyoushouldslowdown,”saysLovell.•Knowtherulesoftheroad.“Whenyou’reridinginthestreet,eveninaprotectedbikelane,readthesignals,payattentiontothelanemarkings,andcheckthesignagetoseewheree-bikesareallowed,”Lovellsays.___20___Signsinthosestatesmayspecifywhichtypesofbikesareallowedonwhichroadsandpaths.CheckthePeopleforBikeswebsite(peopleforbikes.org)formoreinformation.A.Beawareofyourspeed.B.Besureyourbikeisreadytoride.C.Guaranteeyourbikeisempoweredtogofurther.D.Ridewiththeflowoftrafficratherthanagainstit.E.Thiswillprovideyouwithmorepracticalityandmorefun.F.Thirty-sixstateshaveadoptedaclassificationsystemfore-bikes. G.Thisholdstruewhetheryou’reridingatraditionalbikeorane-bike.【答案】16.G17.D18.B19.A20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了骑电动自行车的一些安全建议。【16题详解】空前“Beforeyougoonyournexttwo-wheeledadventure，makesureyou’refamiliarwiththeinsandoutsofbicyclesafety.(在你开始你的下一个两轮冒险之前，确保你熟悉自行车安全的细节)”提到，在骑车前要熟悉自行车的安全细节，结合选项，G项“无论你骑的是传统自行车还是电动自行车，这都是正确的”符合语境，G项中的“This”指的是前面一句话，即骑车前要注意自行车安全细节，这一点不管是对于骑传统的自行车还是电动车，都同样是对的。故选G。【17题详解】根据空前一句“Manyofthesafetyrecommendationsarethesameforbothtypesofbikes.(对于这两种类型的自行车，许多安全建议是相同的)”可知，此处是介绍两种自行车都适用的安全建议，D项“顺着车流行驶，而不是逆流而行”是介绍具体的安全建议。故选D。【18题详解】空处是段落主题句，根据空后“Thatstartswithcheckingthatthetiresareinflatedandthebrakesareworkingproperly.(首先要检查轮胎是否充气，刹车是否正常工作)”可知，检查轮胎检查刹车等，也就是骑车前要检查。B项“确保你的自行车为骑行做好准备”符合语境。故选B。【19题详解】空处是段落主题句，根据本段中“Withtheabilitytogofastercomestheresponsibilitytoknowwhenyoushouldslowdown(有能力骑得更快的同时，也有责任知道什么时候应该慢下来)”可知，本段是在讲速度，A项“注意你的速度”符合语境。故选A。【20题详解】根据空后“Signsinthosestatesmayspecifywhichtypesofbikesareallowedonwhichroadsandpaths.(这些州的标志可能会规定哪些类型的自行车可以在哪些道路上行驶)”可知，空处应是提到“thosestates”的具体指代内容，F项“36个州已经对电动自行车采取了分类制度”符合语境。故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Sixty-year-oldDeborawasdiagnosed(诊断)withcancerafterdoctorsfoundatumorinherlung.Asthemother-of-sixreceivedthe___21___,shepreparedforwhatshefearedmightbeherlastChristmaswithherfamily.Themotherwasstill___22___bytheonepersonwhowasmissingfromherdinnertable.JacobistheonlyoneofDebora’schildrenwhohas___23___awayfromhome.Sincehebeganstudyingengineering1,500milesawayinCaliforniafiveyearsago,theexpensivedistancehas___24___thatithasbeenrareforthestudenttoflyhome.“Comingbackwas___25___difficultforme.”saidJacob.“Beingafull-timestudent,it’shardtocomeupwiththemoneyfor___26___.”However,Jacobsavedupandborrowedmoneyfromfriendssohecouldflyhomeand___27___heronChristmasEve.Jacob’ssisterBeckyfilmedthe___28___momentthatDeboraopenedthedooronDecember24thandsawhersonforthefirsttimesinceherdiagnosis.Theheartwarming___29___showsDeborawasexcitedasshehuggedhersonanddeclaresit“the___30___Christmasever”.“Whenwereceivedthediagnosis,it___31___mehard.Beingsofarawayfromallyourlovedonesduringatimelikethiswasalmostunbearable,”saysJacob.“___32___verykindfriendwholentthemoneyatthelastminute,Iwouldn’thavebeenabletomakeit.Iboughtaticketanddecidedtosurprisemymomby___33___onChristmasEve.”Thisstoryhasahappy___34___:Deborahasbeenmonitoredagainandstillshowsno___35___ofcancerandsheishealthyagain.21.A.invitationB.treatmentC.educationD.arrangement22.A.amazedB.confusedC.frightenedD.upset23.A.takenB.brokenC.movedD.ran24.A.meantB.stressedC.intendedD.reminded25.A.widelyB.mainlyC.exactlyD.particularly26.A.booksB.medicinesC.flightsD.accommodations27.A.surpriseB.rewardC.transportD.impress28.A.terribleB.specialC.awkwardD.creative 29.A.videoB.articleC.pictureD.story30.A.lastB.bestC.worstD.first31.A.hitB.pushedC.changedD.drove32.A.DuetoB.ApartfromC.ButforD.Insteadof33.A.takingoffB.showingupC.touchingdownD.settingout34.A.crossingB.turningC.endingD.beginning35.A.lossesB.detailsC.cluesD.signs【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.D26.C27.A28.B29.A30.B31.A32.C33.B34.C35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Jacob在外求学，很久没回家，但是由于母亲患病，尽管没有太多的钱，他还是在圣诞节时回家团聚，给母亲带来满满的喜悦。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为六个孩子的母亲，她接受了治疗，她担心这可能是她和家人的最后一个圣诞节。A.invitation邀请；B.treatment治疗；C.education教育；D.arrangement安排。根据上文“Sixty-year-oldDeborawasdiagnosed(诊断)withcancerafterdoctorsfoundatumorinherlung.(医生在60岁的Debora的肺部发现肿瘤后，她被诊断出患有癌症)”可以得知，患病后要接受“治疗”。故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：母亲仍然因为餐桌上少了一个人而难过。A.amazed惊奇的；B.confused困惑的；C.frightened受惊的，害怕的；D.upset难过的。根据空后的“whowasmissingfromherdinnertable”可以得知，由于儿子不能回来一起团聚，因此母亲感觉到有些“难过”。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jacob是Debora的孩子中唯一一个离开家的人。A.taken拿；B.broken打破；C.moved搬家；D.ran跑。根据后面的“Sincehebeganstudyingengineering1,500milesawayinCaliforniafiveyearsago(自从五年前，他开始在1500英里外的加州学习工程学以来)”可以得知，Jacob是“离开家（movedaway）”去加州上学。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从他五年前开始在1500 英里外的加州学习工程学以来，昂贵的距离意味着他很少坐飞机回家。A.meant意味着；B.stressed强调；C.intended打算；D.reminded提醒。结合语境可知，路途遥远，机票很贵，这意味着作为学生他很少乘飞机回家。故选A。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“回来对我来说尤其困难。”Jacob说。A.widely广泛地；B.mainly主要地；C.exactly精确地；D.particularly尤其。根据下文“it’shardtocomeupwiththemoney”及语境可知，由于没有足够的钱，所以回家“尤其”困难。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名全日制学生，很难拿出机票钱。A.books书；B.medicines药物；C.flights航班；D.accommodations住宿。根据前文的“forthestudenttoflyhome”可以得知，他是乘坐“航班”回家。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，Jacob攒钱，并从朋友那里借钱，这样他就可以飞回家，在平安夜给她一个惊喜。A.surprise(使)吃惊；B.reward奖励；C.transport运输；D.impress给……留下深刻印象。根据语境及空前“sohecouldflyhome”可知，Jacob很久没回来，而母亲Debora也盼着孩子回家，因此此处指Jacob想给母亲一个“惊喜”。最后一段中“Iboughtaticketanddecidedtosurprisemymom(我买了一张票，决定给我妈妈一个惊喜)”也有提示，故选A。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Jacob的妹妹Becky拍下了12月24日Debora打开门，自诊断以来第一次见到儿子的特殊时刻。A.terrible可怕的；B.special特殊的；C.awkward尴尬的；D.creative有创意的。根据语境及空后“DeboraopenedthedooronDecember24thandsawhersonforthefirsttimesinceherdiagnosis”可知，Jacob终于回家了，因此他的姐姐记录下这“特殊的”的时刻。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这段暖心视频显示，Debora兴奋地拥抱儿子，并宣称这是“有史以来最好的圣诞节”。A.video视频；B.article文章；C.picture图片；D.story故事。根据上文“Jacob’ssisterBeckyfilmedthe___8___moment”可以得知，Jacob的姐姐录像了，因此留下了暖心的“视频”。故选A。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.last最后的；B.best最好的；C.worst最坏的；D.first 第一个。根据语境可知，孩子从远方回来，因此母亲认为这是“最好的”圣诞节。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们得到诊断结果时，我深受打击。A.hit打，击；B.pushed推；C.changed改变；D.drove驾驶。根据“Whenwereceivedthediagnosis”可知，当得知自己母亲的得了癌症，Jacob应是深受打击，所以此处要用hit。故选A。【32题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：要不是一位好心的朋友在最后时刻借钱给我，我是不可能做到的。A.Dueto由于；B.Apartfrom除了；C.Butfor要不是；D.Insteadof而不是。结合语境可知，本句话是虚拟语气，指要不是一个朋友借钱给他，他是无法回家的，butfor要不是。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我买了一张票，决定在平安夜出现，给我妈妈一个惊喜。A.takingoff脱下，起飞；B.showingup出现；C.touchingdown降落；D.settingout出发。根据第上一段中“DeboraopenedthedooronDecember24thandsawherson(12月24日，Debora打开门，看到了她的儿子)”可以得知，Jacob在圣诞节前夕出现了。故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个故事有一个圆满的结局：Debora再次接受了监测，仍然没有癌症的迹象，她又恢复了健康。A.crossing交叉口；B.turning转弯处；C.ending结局；D.beginning开始。根据下文可知，母亲Debora恢复了健康，故此处指故事有了一个幸福的“结局”。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.losses失去；B.details细节；C.clues线索；D.signs迹象。根据空后“sheishealthyagain”可知，Debora恢复健康，没有了癌症的迹象。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheShennongjiaScenicAreaisdividedintoseveralparts.Amust-visitsiteistheShennongPeak,which___36___(belong)totheeasternrangeoftheDabaMountains.Itis___37___(high)peakofShennongjia,andstands3,106.2metersabovesealevel.Consideringthehighaltitudeofthemountain,anautomobileride___38___(require)toreachthetopofthepeak.Whiletravelingupthemountain,touristscanstopat___39___29-meter-highobservationtowerbuiltin1985.Itisusedforfire___40___(prevent)andpestmonitoring. Almosteverydayoftheyearfindsthepeakhiddeninaheavylayerofcloudcover,fogormist,makingitdifficultforpeople___41___(get)aclearglimpseofitslandscape.Onlyinsummerandautumn,___42___theskyisclearandthefoghasdisappeared,canvisitorslookdownfromthetopofthepeakandseetherollinggreenhills,andtreesofvariouskindscomingupfromtheground.Fortourists___43___(plan)toreachthetopofthepeak,theymustclimbalineofstairs.Thestonestairs___44___leadtothetopoftheShennongPeakarepavedwith2,999marblesteps.Afteroneandahalfhours,visitorswillreachthetop.Thelandscapeonthetopisdifferentfromthedenseforestsonthehillsideand___45___thefootofthemountain.【答案】36.belongs37.thehighest38.isrequired39.a40.prevention41.toget42.when43.planning44.that##which45.at【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了神农架风景区的最高峰神农顶。【36题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一个必去的景点是神农顶，它属于大巴山的东部范围。此处缺谓语，属于客观事实，故用一般现在时，定语从句的主语which替代先行词ShennongPeak，表示单数意义，故从句的谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，belongto不能用于被动。故填belongs。【37题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：它是神农架的最高峰，海拔3106.2米。结合句意可知，此处指“它是神农架最高的山峰”，所以用形容词最高级，形容词最高级前加定冠词the。故填thehighest。【38题详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：考虑到这座山的高海拔，要想到达山顶，需要乘坐汽车。句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，且主语anautomobileride和动词require 之间是被动关系，此处用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是名词单数，be动词用is。故填isrequired。39题详解】考查不定冠词。句意：上山时，游客可以在1985年建造的一个29米高的瞭望塔前停留。结合句意可知，此处指“一个29米高的瞭望塔”，表示泛指，用不定冠词a。故填a。【40题详解】考查名词。句意：它用于火灾预防和害虫监测。空处应填名词作for的宾语，prevention预防，防止，不可数名词，fireprevention火灾预防，不能用preventing。故填prevention。【41题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：一年中几乎每天都能发现山顶隐藏在厚厚的云层、雾或薄雾中，使人们很难清楚地看到它的风景。分析句子可知，it是形式宾语，空处用动词不定式作真正的宾语。故填toget。【42题详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：只有在夏季和秋季，当天空晴朗，雾消失时，游客才能从山顶往下看，看到起伏的绿色山丘和各种树木从地面上长出来。结合句意可知，此处指“当天空晴朗，雾消失时”，用when引导时间状语从句，故填when。【43题详解】考查现在分词。句意：对于计划登上山顶的游客来说，他们必须爬上一排楼梯。动词plan和tourists之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词作定语，表示“计划去山顶的游客”，故填planning。【44题详解】考查定语从句。句意：通往神农顶的石阶由2999个大理石台阶铺就。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是stonestairs，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：山顶的景观不同于山坡上和山脚下茂密的森林。atthefootofthemountain在山脚下,固定短语。故填at。第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom来信说他计划到你所在城市旅游，想品尝当地的美食，请你给他写一封回信，要点如下：1.推荐一家餐馆，名称：好客饭店。 2.推荐几道饭店的特色菜。3.表达祝愿。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearTom,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearTom,Gladtohearthatyouwillpayavisittomycityandwanttotastesomespecialties,I’mwritingtogiveyousomerecommendations.Totastethegenuinelocalfood,youcan’tmissHaoKerestaurant,whichoffersvariousdelicaciestochoosefrom.MytoprecommendationisundoubtedlySteamedWuchangFishbecauseitenjoysgreatpopularityinboththelocalsandforeigners.BeggarsChickenandDongpoPorkarealsoworthatry,bothofwhichdatebacktohundredsofyearsago.Isincerelyhopeyouwilllikethedishesrecommendedabove.Haveagoodtrip!Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国朋友Tom写一封回信，向他推荐当地的美食。【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的：glad→delighted提供：offer→provide 各种各样的：various→avarietyof选择：choose→select2.句式拓展改写复合句原句：MytoprecommendationisundoubtedlySteamedWuchangFishbecauseitenjoysgreatpopularityinboththelocalsandforeigners.拓展句：ThereasonwhymytoprecommendationisundoubtedlySteamedWuchangFishisthatitenjoysgreatpopularityinboththelocalsandforeigners.【点睛】【高分句型1】Gladtohearthatyouwillpayavisittomycityandwanttotastesomespecialties,I’mwritingtogiveyousomerecommendations.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）【高分句型2】Totastethegenuinelocalfood,youcan’tmissHaoKerestaurant,whichoffersvariousdelicaciestochoosefrom.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从语）【高分句型3】MytoprecommendationisundoubtedlySteamedWuchangFishbecauseitenjoysgreatpopularityinboththelocalsandforeigners.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句）第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。“Timetogetup.It’syourbirthday.”Alexopenedhiseyesandlookedup.Hisparentswerestandingnexttohisbedholdingabreakfastmuffin.“Wecandoanythingyouwanttoday,”saidhismom.Hejumpeduptogetdressedasquicklyashecould,alreadyimaginingwhatkindofdayhewouldhaveatthebeach.Hehadalwaysdreamedaboutplayinginthesandandjumpinginthewaves.Henearlytripped(绊倒)asherandownthestairsonhiswaytothekitchen.Alex’sdadaskedhimwhathewantedtodotoday.“Thebeach,”heshoutedwithjoy.Theexpressiononhismom’sfacechangedfromjoytosadness.Sheknewtheoneplacethathewouldnotgowasthebeach.WhenherhusbandhadbeenayoungboyofAlex’sage,hehadaterrifyingexperienceatthebeach.Alex’sdadshookoffhisinitial(最初的)shockofhearinghisson’splan.“Howaboutwegotothezooinstead?”hesuggested.“Thebeachisovertwohoursaway.”“Butdad,I’vewantedtogotothebeachmyWHOLElife,”Alexpleaded.“Son,I’msorry,butwearenotgoingtothebeachandthat’sfinal.” Theyendedupdrivingtothezoo.Itwasanexcitingday,butAlexcouldnotgetthebeachoutofhismind.Heyearnedtobuildasandcastle,swimintheoceanandchasetheincomingandoutgoingwaves.Thebeachseemedlikethebestplaceonearth.Overthenextfewweeks,hedreamedaboutitalmosteverynight.Anyfreemomenthehadwasspentfillinghisroomwithpicturesanddrawingsofbeaches.Herepeatedlypleadedwithhismomtohelphimconvincehisdadtotakethemtothebeach.Eachtimesheexplainedthattheycoulddootherthingsasafamily,justnotthebeach.Onenight,Alexreceivedwhathethoughtwasgoodnews.Hisdadwasgoingonathree-daybusinesstripthenextday.“Thisisanopportunity,”hethoughttohimself.1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡上的相应位置作答。Thenextmorning,seeinghisdadgetintothetaxi,Alexrantohismother._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Hourslater,asAlexlookedoutofthefrontwindowofthecar,hiseyeswidenedandhisjawdropped._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Thenextmorning,seeinghisdadgetintothetaxi,Alexrantohismother.Helookedathismothereagerlyandpleaded:“Mom,Ireallywanttogotothebeach.Please,please,please!”Afterthat,helookedathismotherwithanxiousandexpectanteyes.Alex’smotherdidn’tknowwhattodo.Sheknewthatgoingtothebeachwasherson’sdream,butshedidn’twanttodoitwithout tellingherhusband.Alexsawhismother’shesitationandthensaid:“Mom,Dadisnotathome,sohedoesn’thavetoworryaboutgoingtothebeachwithus.”WithAlex’spersuasion,hismotherfinallyagreedtotakehimtothebeach.Hourslater,asAlexlookedoutofthefrontwindowofthecar,hiseyeswidenedandhisjawdropped.Itwashisfatherwhowaswaitingthematthedestination.Whenthetaxistopped,hequicklygotoutofthecarandrushedtohisfather,askinganxiously,“Dad,whyareyouhere?”Hisfathersmiledandsaid,“Yourmothercalledmeandtoldmethenews.Ithinkthisisnotonlyagoodopportunityforyoutogotothebeach,butalsoit’stimeformetoovercomethefear,soIpostponedmytripandcameheredirectly”.Hearingthis,Alexwasobviouslyrelievedandbecameexcited.Onthatday,Alexdideverythinghehadalwayswantedtodoonthebeachandhadaverygoodtime.Hisfatheralsoseemedtohaveovercomethepsychologicalobstacles.Afterreturninghome,Alexwastiredandfellasleepdirectlyonthebed,butHehasafaintsmileonhislips.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索，讲述了Alex非常想去海边玩，但是他的父亲因为小时候在海边有着不好的经历，一直没有同意带他去。有一天父亲去出差，Alex想趁着爸爸不在的时候，让妈妈偷偷带他去海滩玩。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“第二天早上，看到爸爸上了出租车，亚历克斯跑向妈妈。”可知，第一段可描写Alex劝说妈妈带他去海边玩，妈妈同意了。②由第二段首句内容“几个小时后，当亚历克斯从汽车的前窗向外看时，他的眼睛睁大了，下巴都掉了下来。”可知，第二段可描写Alex在海边看到了爸爸，度过了愉快地时光。2.续写线索：想去海边玩——父亲不同意——出差——偷偷去玩——遇见父亲——度过美好时光3.词汇激活行为类①同意做某事：agreetotosth./dosth.withoneheart②克服恐惧：overthefear/getoverthefear③回家：returnhome/gobackhome情绪类①热切的看着某人：lookatsb.eagerly/lookatsb.keenly ②变得兴奋：becomeexcited/getthrilled【点睛】【高分句型1】Sheknewthatgoingtothebeachwasherson’sdream,butshedidn’twanttodoitwithouttellingherhusband.（由that引导了宾语从句）【高分句型2】Itwashisfatherwhowaswaitingthematthedestination.（运用了强调句型）听力1-5CCBAA6-10BBABC11-15ACAAC16-20BACBC