2016年ACCA考试模拟试题：财务管理(2)

2016年ACCA考试模拟试题：财务管理(2) <br />The following information should be used when answering questions 1, 2 and 3. <br /> <br />Scenario <br /> <br />CAET have implemented a bespoke Human Resources (HR) system. The system has gone live but it has not proved very <br /> <br />popular or successful, with users claiming that it only partly fulfils their requirements. A consultant has been hired to <br /> <br />examine their claims and to suggest how their concerns might be tackled. <br /> <br />The consultant’s report has highlighted the role played by the Requirements Specification. He suggests that the <br /> <br />Requirements Specification’s reliance on ambiguous textual specifications has led to problems of ill-defined and poorly <br /> <br />communicated requirements. He claims that the ‘analyst’s failure to use diagrammatic models has meant that many <br /> <br />requirements were not fully understood before they were programmed. Specifications without diagrams are very difficult to <br /> <br />quality assure.’ His report quotes several examples of textual specifications. Two specifications are reproduced below; <br /> <br />Specification 1(field names are shown in italics) <br /> <br />The system should hold information about Jobs (job number, job description, grade) and about the Departments <br /> <br />(department name, department head) that these Jobs are in. A Department may have many Jobs allocated to it, but one <br /> <br />Job is only in one Department. When these Jobs become vacant they should be advertised in both Internal and External <br /> <br />media. The information that must be stored is <br /> <br />date advertised, size of advertisement, noticeboard location <br /> <br />(for internaladvertisement only), <br /> <br />newsletter reference <br /> <br />(for internal advertisement only), <br /> <br />newspaper edition <br /> <br />(for external advertisementonly) and cost of advertisement <br /> <br />(for external advertisement only). Information about Applicants (applicant name, applicantaddress) is required, specifying which Job they are applying for and where they saw the Job advertised. <br /> <br />Specification 2 <br /> <br />When an application form is received from an Applicant, a Clerk enters the information on the form into the system. As it <br /> <br />is entered, it is validated against Job details to ensure that the Applicant is applying for a valid Job. Once details have been <br /> <br />entered they are stored on an Applicant database. Overnight a batch process is run to send an acknowledgement letter to <br /> <br />each Applicant. The date that the letter is sent is noted on the Applicant details held in the system. <br /> <br />Redefinition Project <br /> <br />The consultant has suggested a Redefinition Project to address the problems encountered by the users. He says that, <br /> <br />‘I am suggesting a mini-project with agreed Terms of Reference and a project plan. These problems need to be addressed <br /> <br />in a planned manner’. <br /> <br />The consultant is keen to stress that he does not wish to over-engineer the software solution. ‘We have to ensure that the <br /> <br />trade-off between time, cost and quality is appropriate for the delivered software’, he says, ‘the delivered software must be <br /> <br />appropriately located on the time/cost/quality triangle.’ <br /> <br />1The consultant has recognised that ambiguous textual specification has contributed to the software’s problems. He <br /> <br />claims that the ‘analyst’s failure to use diagrammatic models has meant that many requirements were not fully <br /> <br />understood before they were programmed.’ The implication is that the use of such diagrammatic models in analysis <br /> <br />would have solved many of the ambiguities of the specification. <br /> <br />(a)Specification 1 in the scenario describes static structures, which could be modelled with a class model, entity- <br /> <br />relationship model or logical data structure model. <br /> <br />(i)Briefly explain the notation of EITHER a class model OR an entity-relationship model OR a logical data <br /> <br />structure model;(4 marks) <br /> <br />(ii)Using this notation, model the information given in Specification 1. Note any assumptions you have <br /> <br />made or issues you would need to clarify with the user. Your answer should indicate the fields in each <br /> <br />entity/class.(6 marks) <br />