山西省永济市涑北中学高三英语周测题（12.20）

山西省永济市涑北中学高三英语周测题（12.20）A（2022.湖北）Howlingisabehaviorcommonlyobservedamongawolfnark.Ananimals,wolvesworktogethertohuntandrelyonhowlingwasanimportantmeansofcommunicationeachother.Therearedifferentexplantsofawolf’showlanditappearsthattheremaybemoretodiscover. Onetheoryisthatwolveshowltobendbettertogether.It’salmostasifhowlingtogetherhelpsthepackstaytogether.Perhapssomethingsimilartopeoplefeelingasenseofinvolvementwitheachotherwhensingingasongtogether.Butthistheorymaybewrong,explainsFredH.Harington,aprofessorwhostudieswolfbehavior. Indeed,therehavebeentineswhenwolveshavebeenseenonemomenthowlinginaexhorts,andthenext,quarrelinganionseachother.Itappearsthatusuallythelowest-tankingmenthesofthepackmayactuallybe“punished”forJoininginthechorusattimes.Soishowlingawaytostrengthenasocialbondorjustawaytoreconfirmstatusamongitsmembers?—Whydowolveshowlforsure?Whatiscleat,however,isthathowlingisoftenusedamongpackmatestolocateeachother.Huntinggroundsaredistantandithappensthatwolvesmayseparatefromoneanotherattimes.Whenthishappens,howlingappearstobeanexcellentmeansofgathering.Howling,interestingly,isacontagiousbehaviour.Whenonewolfstartstohowl,verylikelyotherswillfollow.Thisisoftenseentooccurinthemorning,asifwolvesweredoingsomesortof“rollcall”wherewolvesallhowltogethertohowl,verylikelyotherswillfollow.Thisisoftenseentooccurinthemorning,asifwolvesweredoingwsomesortof“rollcall”wherewolvesallhowltogethertoreporttheirpresence.55.Whatthepossiblesimilaritybetweenwolves’howhumanstinginchorus?A.Theactofcallingeachother.B.Thesenseofaccomplishment.C.Theactofhuntingforsomething.D.Thesenseofbelongingtoagroup.56.WhydoesHarringtonthinkthe“socialbond”theorymaybewrong?A.Wolvesseparatefromeachotherafterhowling.B.Wolvestendtoprotecttheirhuntinggrounds.C.Wolvessometimeshavequarrelsafterhowlingtogether.D.Wolvesoflowrankareencouragedtojoininthechorus.-6-57.Reseatchersaresurethatwolvesoftenhowlto______.A.showtheirranksB.findtheircompanionsC.reportthemissingonesD.expresstheirloneliness58.“Howling…isacontagiousbehaviour”(inthelastparagraph)means_______.A.howlingisasignalforhuntingB.howlingisawayofcommunicationC.howlingoftenoccursinthemorningD.howlingspreadsfromonetoanotherB（2022.广东）Foodsometimesgetspoisonedwithharmfulthings.Apersonwhoeatssuchfoodcangetanillnesscalledfoodpoisoning.Foodpoisoningisusuallynotserious,butsometypesaredeadly,Thesymptomsoffoodpoisoningusuallybeginwithinhoursofeatingthepoisonedfood.Feverisoneofthemostcommonsymptoms.Certainmicroorganisms(微生物)causemosttypesoffoodpoisoning.Bacteriaandothermicroorganismscanpoisoneggs,meat,vegetables,andmanyotherfoods.Afterenteringthebody,thesetinylivingthingsrelease(释放)poisonsthatmakepeoplesick.Somechemicalscanalsocausefoodpoisoning.Theyareoftenaddedtofoodwhileitisbeinggrown,processed,orprepaid.Forexample,manyfarmersspraychemicalsoncropstokillweedsandinsects.Somepeoplemayhaveabadreactiontothosechemicalswhentheyeatthecrops.Someplantsandanimalscontainnaturalpoisonsthatareharmfultopeople.Theseincludecertainkindsofseafood,grains,nuts,seeds,beans,andmushrooms.Whenpeoplehandlefoodproperly,theriskoffoodpoisoningisverysmallMicroorganismsmultiplyrapidlyindirtyplacesandinwarmtemperatures.Thismeansthatpeopleshouldnevertouchfoodwithdittyhandsorputfoodonunwashedsurfaces.Foodshouldbekeptinarefrigeratortostopmicroorganismsfromgrowing.Meatneedstobecookedthoroughlytokillanydangerousmicroorganisms.Peopleshouldalsowashfoodcoveredwithchemicalsbeforeeatingit.Finally,peopleshouldnoteatraidmushroomsorotherfoodsthatgrowinthewild.Someofthesefoodsmaycontainnaturalmaterialsthatarepoisonoustohumans.Inaddition,sometypesoffishcanbepoisonous.Mostpeoplerecoverfromfoodpoisoningafterafewdaysofrestinganddrinkingextrawater.Ifpeopleeatnaturalpoisons,theymustgotothehospitalrightawaytohavetheirstomachsemptied.51.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?-6-A.Foodwhenpoisonedcanmakepeoplesick.B.Foodpoisoningmeansdeath.C.Foodpoisoningcomesinvarieties.D.Foodpoisoningcanbeserious.52.Weknowfromthepassagethatthesymptomsoffoodpoisoning.A.arealwaysaccompaniedbyafeverB.aretoocommontobenotedC.canbenoticedwithinhoursD.canbeignored53.FoodpoisoningcanbecausedbyallthefollowingEXCEPT.A.somechemicalsB.lowtemperaturesC.sometinylivingthingsD.certainnaturalmaterials54.FromParagraph5,wecanlearnthatA.mushroomsshouldnotbeeatenB.vegetablesaresaferthanmeatandseafoodC.naturalpoisonsaremoredangerousthanchemicalsD.differenttypesoffoodshouldbehandleddifferently55.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatA.naturalmaterialsaresafeinfoodprocessingB.chemicalsareneededinfoodprocessingC.foodpoisoningcanbekeptundercontrolD.foodpoisoningisoutofcontrolC（2022.山东）Sincethe1970s,scientistshavebeensearchingforwaystolinkthebrainwithcomputers.Brain-computerinterface（BCI）technologycouldhelppeoplewithdisabilitiessendcommandstomachines．Recently,tworesearchers,JoseMillanandMicheleTavellafromtheFederalPolytechnicSchoolinLausanne,Switzerland,demonstrated（展示）asmallroboticwheelchairdirectedbyaperson’sthoughts．Inthelaboratory,Tavellaoperatedthewheelchairjustbythinkingaboutmovinghisleftorrightband．Hecouldeventalkashewatchedthevehicleandguideditwithhisthoughts．“Ourbrainhasbillionsofnervecells．Thesesendsignalsthroughthespinalcord（脊髓）tothemusclestogiveustheabilitytomove．Butspinalcordinjuriesorotherconditionscanpreventtheseweakelectricalsignalsfromreachingthemuscles,”Tavellasays．“Oursystemallowsdisabledpeopletocommunicatewithexternalworldandalsotocontroldevices．”Theresearchersdesignedaspecialcapfortheuser．Thisheadcoverpicksupthesignalsfromthescalp（头皮）andsendsthemtoacomputer．Thecomputerinterpretsthesignalsandcommandsthemotorizedwheelchair．Thewheelchairalsohastwocamerasthatidentifyobjectsinitspath．Theyhelpthecomputerreacttocommandsfromthebrain．Prof．Millan,theteamleader,saysscientistskeepimprovingthe-6-computersoftwarethatinterpretsbrainsignalsandturnsthemintosimplecommands．“ThepracticalpossibilitiesthatBCItechnologyofferstodisabledpeoplecanbegroupedintwocategories:communication,andcontrollingdevices．Oneexampleisthiswheelchair．”Hesayshisteamhassettwogoals．Oneistestingwithrealpatients,soastoprovethatthisisatechnologytheycanbenefitfrom．Andtheotheristoguaranteethattheycanusethetechnologyoverlongperiodsoftime．71．BCIisatechnologythatcan.A．helptoupdatecomputersystemsB．linkthehumanbrainwithcomputersC．helpthedisabledtorecoverD．controlaperson'sthoughts72．HowdidTavellaoperatethewheelchairinthelaboratory?A．Bycontrollinghismuscles．B．Bytalkingtothemachine．C．Bymovinghishand．D．Byusinghismind．73．WhichofthefollowingshowsthepathofthesignalsdescribedinParagraph5?A．scalp→computer→cap→wheelchairB．computer→cap→scalp→wheelchairC．scalp→cap→computer→wheelchairD．cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair74．Theteamwilltestwithrealpatientsto.A．makeprofitsfromthemB．provethetechnologyusefultothemC．makethemlivelongerD．learnabouttheirphysicalcondition75．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Switzerland,theBCIResearchCenterB．NewFindingsAboutHowtheHumanBrainWorksC．BCICouldMeanMoreFreedomfortheDisabledD．RoboticVehiclesCouldHelptoCureBrainInjuriesD（2022.安徽）Sometimes,thesimplestideasarethebest.Forexample,toabsorbheatfromthesuntoheatwater,youneedlarge,flat,blacksurfaces.Onewaytodothatistobuildthosesurfacesspecially,ontheroofsofbuildings.Butwhygotoallthattroublewhencitiesarefullofblacksurfacesalready,intheformofasphalt(柏油)roads?Tenyearsago,thisthoughtcameintothemindofAriandeBondt,aDutchengineer.Hefinallypersuadedhisbosstofollowitup.Theresultisthattheirbuildingisnowheatedinwinterandcooledinsummerbyasystemthatreliesonthesurfaceoftheroadoutside.Theheat-collectorisasystemofconnectedwaterpipes.Mostofthem-6-runfromonesideofthestreettotheother,justundertheasphaltroad.Some,however,divedeepintotheground.Whenthestreetsurfacegetshotinsummer,waterpumpedthroughthepipespicksupthisheatandtakesitundergroundthroughoneofthedivingpipes.Atadepthof100metresliesanaturalaquifer(蓄水层)intowhichseveralheatexchangers(交换器)havebeenbuilt.Thehotwaterfromthestreetrunsthroughtheseexchangers,warmingtheground-water,beforereturningtothesurfacethroughanotherpipe.Theaquiferisthususedasaheatstore.Inwinter,theworkingsystemischangedslightly.Waterispumpedthroughtheheatexchangerstopickuptheheatstoredduringsummer.Thiswatergoesintothebuildingandisusedtowarmtheplaceup.Afterperformingthattask,itispumpedundertheasphaltanditsremainingheatkeepstheroadfreeofsnowandice.64.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?A.AriandeBondtgothisideafromhisboss.B.Large,flat,blacksurfacesneedtobebuiltincities.C.TheDutchengineer'ssystemhasbeenwidelyused.D.Heatcanalsobecollectedfromasphaltroads.65.Forwhatpurposearethedivingpipesused?A.Toabsorbheatfromthesun.B.Tostoreheatforfutureuse.C.Toturnsolarenergyintoheatenergy.D.Tocarryheatdownbelowthesurface.66.Fromthelastparagraphwecanlearnthat__A.somepipeshavetobere-arrangedinwinterB.thesystemcandomorethanwarmingupthebuildingC.theexchangerswillpickupheatfromthestreetsurfaceD.lessheatmaybecollectedinwinterthaninsummer67.Whatismostlikelytobediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Whatweshalldoifthesystemgoeswrong.B.Whatweshalldoiftherearenoasphaltroads.C.Howthesystemcoolsthebuildinginsummer.D.Howthesystemcollectsheatinspringandautumn.改错题Afteradayofworkandplay，thebodyneedstohavearest.Sleepisnecessaryforgoodhealthy.Duringthistime，thebodyrecoversfromtheactivitiesoftheday.Therestwhatyougetwhilesleepingenablesyourbodytoprepareitforthenextday.Therearefourlevelsofsleep.Each-6-isalittledeeperthantheonebefore.Withyousleep，yourmusclesrelaxYourheartjumpsmoreslowly，andyourbrainslowsdown.Afteryoureachthefourthlevel，yourbodyshiftsbackorforthfromonelevelofsleeptotheother.Ifyouhavetroublefallasleep，somepeoplesuggestbreathingslowlyanddeeply.Andotherpeoplebelievethatdrinkwarmmilkhelpsmakeyousleepy.Thereisalsoaoldsuggestionthatcountingsheepputyousleep.-6-