甘肃省2022年上学期天水一中高三英语第一次考试试题

甘肃省2022年上学期天水一中高三英语第一次考试试题I卷第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATheannualmarathoninmytownoccurredasscheduled.Myjobwastofollowbehindtherunnersinanambulanceincaseanyofthemneededmedicalattention.Astheathletesbegantopacethemselves,thefrontrunnersstartedtodisappear.ItwasthenthatmyeyesweredrawntothewomaninbluerunningshortsandabaggywhiteT-shirt.Iknewwewerealreadywatchingour“lastrunner”.Herfeetwereturnedin,yetherleftkneewasturnedout.Herlegsweresocrippledandbentthatitseemedimpossibleforhertowalk,letalonerunamarathon.ThedriverandIwatchedinsilenceassheslowlymovedforward.Wewouldmoveforwardalittlebit,thenstopandwaitforhertogainsomedistance.Thenwe’dslowlymoveforwardalittlebitmore.AsIwatchedherstruggletoputonefootinfrontoftheother,Ifoundmyselfbreathingforherandurgingherforward.Iwantedhertostop,andatthesametime,Iprayedthatshewouldn’t.Finally,shewastheonlyrunnerleftinsight.Isatontheedgeofmyseatandwatchedwithrespectandamazementasshepushedforwardwithsheerdeterminationthroughthelastmiles.Whenthefinishlinecameintosight,thecheeringcrowdshadlonggonehome.Yet,standingstraightandproudwaitedaman.Hewasholdingoneendofaribbontiedtoapost.Sheslowlycrossedthrough,leavingbothendsoftheribbonfluttering(飘动)behindher.Idon’tknowthiswoman’sname,butthatdayshebecameapartofmylife—apartIoftendependon.Forher,itwasn’taboutbeatingtheotherrunnersorwinningaprize.Itwasaboutfinishingwhatshehadsetouttodo.WhenIthinkthingsaretoodifficultorI12/12getthose“I-just-can’t-do-it,”Ithinkofthelastrunner.ThenIrealizehoweasythetaskbeforemereallyis.1．Whatwordscanbestdescribethewoman?A．Proudanddetermined.B．Strong-willedandhonorable.C．Modestandcourageous.D．Diligentandconsiderate.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“crippled”inparagraph2mean?A．Disabled.B．Healthy.C．Perfect.D．Strong.3．Whathastheauthorlearntfromthewoman?A．Don’tdependonotherswhenfacinghardships.B．Nothingistootoughtoaccomplishifoneisbraveenough.C．Thedisabledcanalsorunamarathondespitetheirwalkingdifficulty.D．It’snotwinningbutfinishingthethingwestartthatreallymatters.4．Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．AHumorousStranger.B．AnUnforgettableJob.C．TheLastRunner.D．TheAnnualMarathon.BArepeoplehappierinnaturewithblueskiesoverheadandfreshgreengrassunderfoot?Couldnoisystreets,crowdedwithcarsandpeople,makeusunhappy?Thepossiblementalhealthproblemsofcitylivingaffectalotofpeople.TheWorldHealthOrganizationestimates(估计)that56percentoftheworld'spopulationlivedinurbanareasin2022.TheWHOaddsthatthatamountwillincreaseto66percentby2050.Peopleoftenmovetocitiesforbetterjobsandmoreculturalactivities.Butaretheyputtingthemselvesatrisk?Maybe.ExpertsattheAmericanPsychiatryAssociationsaythat“naturalenvironmentsorgreenspaces”domuchgoodtoourmentalhealth.12/12Manystudieshaveshownthatnaturecancalmusandmakeusfeelhappy.Nature,expertssay,canalsohelpuslearnbetter.Andexperiencingnaturehelpspeoplerecoverfromthementaltirednessthatcomesfromday-to-daywork.Ontheotherhand,mentalhealthexpertssaysomeresearchsuggeststhatcitylivingmighthurtourmentalhealth.Buttheycannotsayexactlywhy.Whatarethespecificaspectsoftheurbanenvironmentwhichcausessomepeopletodevelopmentalillness?AndreaMechelli,adoctoratKingsCollege,London,states,“Therehavebeenstudieswherepeoplewereliterallytakenoutofanurbanenvironmentintoarural(乡村的)environmentandtheirsymptomswouldimprove.Andwealsoseethatthegreaterthecityis,thegreatertheriskis.”Mechellisaythatsomeonewholivesinacityisthreetimesmorelikelytodeveloppsychologicalproblemthansomeonelivinginthecountry.KingsCollegeresearchers,alongwithcityplanners,landandbuildingdesignersandotherswantedtolearnmoreaboutcitylivingandmentalillness.So,theycreatedasmartphoneappcalledUrbanMind.Theysaytheywantedtounderstandhowdifferentpartsoftheurbanenvironmentaffectmentalwellbeing(健康).Theresearchersfoundthatbeingoutdoors,seeingtrees,hearingbirdsong,seeingthesky,andfeelingincontactwithnaturewereassociatedwithhigherlevelsofmentalwell-being.Theyalsofoundthattheseseemingeffectsofnaturewereespeciallystronginthoseindividualsatgreaterriskofmentalhealthproblems.TheUrbanMindProjectteamsaysithopes“theresultswillinformfutureurbanplanningandsocialpolicyaimedatimprovingdesignandhealth.”5．Whyisthequestionraisedinthefirstparagraph?A．Tointroducethetopicofthetext.B．Toshowthebackgroundofthetext.C．Toaskthereaderstolearnthestudy.D．Toraisethereaders'interestinhappiness.6．WhatdoesMechellifindduringhisstudy?12/12A．Peopleareattractedbytheblueskiesandgreengrass.B．Peoplearemorecontentwiththeircitylife.C．Moreandmorepeopleareinterestedintakingrisksincities,D．Citypeoplearemorelikelytodevelopmentalproblemsthancountrypeople.7．WhatisexpectedoftheUrbanMindresearchresult?A．Morepeoplewillchoosetoliveinthecountryside.B．Itwillbringmoreconcernaboutpeoplesmentalhealth.C．Itwillcontributetofutureurbanplanningandsocialpolicies.D．Peoplewillbehelpedtoimprovetheirmentalillness.8．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．UrbanMindmeasuresthelevelofmentalwellbeing.B．Citylivingmaybeharmfultopeople’smentalhealth.C．Livinginthecountrysideisbetterthaninthecity.D．Differentscientistsholddifferentopinionsontheeffectsofcityliving.CLow-costGiftsforMother’sDayGiftNo.1Offertobeyourmother’shealthfriend.Promisetobethereforalldoctor’svisitswhethershehasadiseaseorneedsaregularmedicalcheck-up.Mostmothersalwayssaythereisnoneed,butanothersetifeyesandearsisalwaysagoodideaatadoctor’svisit.Thebestpart?Thisoneisfree.GiftNo.212/12Helpyourmotherorganizeallofhermedicalrecords,whichincludethetestresultsandmedicalinformation.Putthemallinoneplace.Besuretomakealistofallofhermedicinesandwhattimeshetakesthem.“Havingallthisinformationinoneplacecouldendupsavingyourmother’slife,”Dr.MarieSavardsaid.GiftNo.3Enoughsleepisconnectedwithgeneralhealthconditions.“Buyyourmothercottonsheetsandcomfortablepillowstoencouragebettersleep,”Savardsaid.“Weknowthatgoodsleepisveryimportanttoourhealth.”GiftNo.4SomegiftcompaniessuchasPresentsforPurposeallowyoutopayitforwardthisMother’sDaybypickinggifts,10percentofwhosepriceyoupaygoestoacharity(慈善机构).Giftgiverscanchoosefromawidevarietyofusefulbutinexpensivethings—manyofwhichare“green”—andthenchooseameaningfulcharityfromalist.Whenyourmothergetsthegiftshewillbetoldthatshehashelpedthechosencharity.9．Whatareyouadvisedtodoforyourmotheratdoctor’svisits?A．Totakenotes.B．Tobewithher.C．Tobuymedicines.D．Togivehergifts.10．Wherecanyoufindanideaforgiftstoimproveyourmother’ssleep?A．InGiftNo.1.B．InGiftNo.2.C．InGiftNo.3.D．InGiftNo.4.11．BuyinggiftsfromPresentsforPurposeallowsmothersto______.A．enjoygoodsleepB．bewell-organizedC．getextrasupportD．giveotherhelpD12/12TheNotreDame(巴黎圣母院)firehasbeenputout,butitswoodenroofhavebeenlargelydamaged.Theterribleaccidentcausesasuddensharppaintopeoplearoundtheworld,“Whatapitythatwecannotseethedamagedpartsofthewonderanymore.”Butthegoodnewsisthatthereisatleastonewayofseeingthem,namelyviaavideogamecalledAssassin'sCreed:Unity.Inthisgame,theplayercantraveltoonecityafteranotherandenterthebuildingsexactlylikewhattheyareinreality,andseeNotreDameasitwasbeforethefire.Inaddition,withVRtechnology,whichisalreadyquitemature,onecanevenlookaroundtheundamagedNotreDameasifitisstillthere.Maybedigitaltechnologycouldhelptobetterprotectarchitecturalculturalheritage.Theideaofdigitizingancientbuildings,makingdigitalmodelsofthemsotheirdatacanbesaved,datesbacktothe1990sandthenecessarytechnologyhascontinuedtoadvancesincethen.Byscanningtheancientbuildingswithlasers,building3Dmodelswithhundredsofimages,aswellasmeasuringeverythingprecisely,engineerscanmakeacopyas“same”astherealone.Ascomputersandsmartphonesarehugelypopular，thedigitalreplicaordigitalcopyhasgreatpracticalvalue.First,itallowstouriststofeeltheculturalrelicswithouttouchingthem,whichhelpsprotectthem.ThevirtualtourofDunhuangGrottoesinGansuProvinceisagoodexampleofthisastouristscanviewthepaintingswithoutstandingnearthem.Furthermore,itcanmakethedigitizedculturalrelicsmorefamousbyspreadingawarenessaboutthemviatheInternet.In2000,avirtualtouroftheGreatWallbecameverypopularattheHannoverWorldExpo,whichincreasedthenumberofforeigntouristsvisitingitinthefollowingyears.Aboveall,itpreservesalltheinformationoftheculturalrelics.Eveniftheoriginalonesaredamagedoneday,peoplecanstillknowwhattheywerelikeandcanbuildareplicaifdesired.Timeisthebiggestproblemtoarchitecturalheritage.Maybewewillhavebettertechnologiesinthefuture，butthedigitaltechnologyoffersapracticalwaytopreservearchitecturalculturalheritageatthemoment.12．Whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?A．ThebigfirehasdamagedthewholeNotreDame.12/12B．OnlypeopleinParisfeltpainforlosingNotreDame.C．ThedamagedpartsofNotreDamehavealreadybeenrepaired.D．AvideogamecanhelppeopleseetheoriginallookofNotreDame.13．Whatwillengineersdotocreateadigitalreplicaoftheancientbuildings?A．ScanthephotosofthebuildingsB．Build3Dmodelsoffullsize.C．Improvethetechnologyneeded.D．Measureallthepartsexactly.14．Howdoestheauthorprovethedigitalcopyhasvitalpracticalimportance?A．Bycomparison.B．Bylistingdata.C．Bygivingexamples.D．Byclassification.15．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．TheDamageofNotreDameB．TheValueofDigitalReplicaC．VRTechnologyHelpsRepairtheCulturalRelicsD．DigitalTechnologyHelpsProtectAncientBuildings第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出最能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoPreventNewCorona-virus(冠状病毒)?Newcorona-virusisamemberofthecorona-virusfamilythatcauseconditionslikethecommoncold,SARSandotherrespiratory(呼吸的)conditions.Whilenewcorona-viruscanbeserious,takingpreventativemeasurescanhelpyouprotectyourhealthathome.Washyourhandswithsoapandwatertominimizeyourinfection(感染)risk.16．Wetyourhandswithwarmwater,thenapplyamildsoap.Workthesoapfor20-30seconds,andthenwashyourhandscleanunderwarmrunningwater.12/12Keepyourhandsawayfromyoureyes,noseandmouth.Youmaycomeintocontact(接触)withthenewcorona-virusonasurface,likeadoorhandleorcountertop.Whenthishappens,thebacteriacanstayonyourhands,soyoucaneasilyinfectyourselfifyoutouchyourfacewithdirtyhands.17．Stayawayfrompeoplewhoarecoughingorsneezing.18．Additionally,coughingandsneezingbothreleasethevirusintotheair,sotheymayincreaseyourriskofinfection.Keepyourdistancefrompeoplewhoappeartohavesymptomsofanupperrespiratoryinfection.Disinfecthigh-touchsurfacesdailybyusingaproductthatkillsviruses.Unfortunately,newcorona-viruscanstayonsurfaces,suchasdoorhandlesandcountertops.19．Makesurethesurfacestayswetforabout10minutessoiteffectivelykillsthevirus.Thislimitstheriskofthevirusstayingonthesurfacesandpotentiallycausinganinfection.20．Informationaboutnewcorona-virushasspreadonsocialmedia,sometimescausingunnecessaryfear.It’shelpfultofact-checkyourinformationbeforemakinganydecisions.A．Trynottoworrytoomuchifyou’renottrulyatrisk.B．Don’truntheriskofhandlingananimalthatmightbeill.C．Useaspraydisinfectantorwetwipestocleanthesurfacesdaily.D．Callyourdoctorifyoususpectthatyouarehitbynewcorona-virus.E.Avoidtouchingyoureyes,noseandmouthincasethevirusisonyourskin.F.Thebestwaytopreventnewcorona-virusistowashyourhandsasoftenaspossible.G.Sincenewcorona-virusisarespiratoryinfection,coughingandsneezingarecommonsymptoms.第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AlonzoJohnsonstopped.Hedecidedtohelpa(n)21elderlymandownanescalator12/12(自动扶梯)inaMassachusettsshoppingmalllastweek,22the23-year-oldcouldneverhavepredictedthathissimple,randomactofkindnesswouldwinhimthe23ofthousandsofpeopleonline.Anoldman24atthetopofanescalatorandafewpeoplestartedgathering25togeton.Itwasclearhewasfeeling26astowhethertostepontotheescalatorornot.Johnsonspottedtheseniorcitizenhesitatingand27thesimplestkindness.Hereachedouta(n)28andaskedwithasmileonhisface,“CanIhelpyou,sir?”Theoldmanquietlystartedto29totheyoungmanthathehadgottenstuckonanescalatoronceandwasalittle30.Theyoungmangentlyofferedhisassurance,they31eachothereyetoeyeforjustamomentandtheoldman32hisarm.Everyoneelseremained33andwaited.PaulaPicardandafriendwerestandingnearbyand34totakeatouchingphotoofthepairlinkingarmsasthey35theescalatortogether.Shepostedthe36onFacebookanditspread37withmorethan420,000likesand25,000commentsinjustafewhours.Johnsonsaidhenever38hisactionwouldreachsomanypeople.“HelookedveryafraidandIthoughtmaybeIcould39.”Johnsonsaid,“MyMomalwaystellsustobeniceanddothe40thing.It’sreallythewayIwasbroughtupandhowIwasraised.”21．A．busyB．frightenedC．injuredD．blind22．A．soB．ifC．butD．because23．A．praiseB．blameC．happinessD．anger24．A．stoppedB．workedC．readD．fell25．A．runningB．pushingC．shoutingD．waiting26．A．hopefulB．convenientC．unsureD．uncomfortable27．A．offeredB．soldC．wantedD．took12/1228．A．eyeB．armC．ropeD．stick29．A．promiseB．proveC．apologizeD．explain30．A．excitedB．surprisedC．scaredD．disappointed31．A．arguedwithB．listenedtoC．lookedatD．raninto32．A．acceptedB．shookC．refusedD．left33．A．anxiousB．patientC．interestedD．worried34．A．manageB．avoidedC．askedD．failed35．A．talkedaboutB．rantowardsC．wentdownD．searchedfor36．A．messageB．commentC．exampleD．photo37．A．differentlyB．quicklyC．strangelyD．completely38．A．meantB．admittedC．understoodD．expected39．A．helpB．followC．seeD．smile40．A．easyB．famousC．rightD．perfect第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Afterfouryearsoflivinghere,Ihaveabetter41．(understand)ofnorthernChina'sfood.NorthernChina'sheartyfoodis42．(general)moreacceptabletoWesterners.TheycanenjoyBeijingroastduck,beefanddairyfromInnerMongolia,andKoreandishesinthenortheast.NorthernChinaexperiencescoldanddrywinters,andhotsummers,43．(make)caloriesandsaltreplacementmoreimportant.Asaresult,northerndisheshavestrongflavors,comparedwiththesouth44．dishesarelighterinflavor.WheatisthemaincropofnorthernChina,andyouwillfindavarietyofwheat-flour12/1245．(product).Riceisalsoeateninthenorth,butitiscertainlysecondarytowheat.Dumplingsareverypopularinthenorth,46．(serve)withvinegarfordipping.Northernerstendtoeatmoremeatanddairyforthepurpose47．fightingagainstthecoldweather.Mostmeatdishes48．(base)onmutton,pork,beef, chickenandfish.49．arelessfreshvegetablesavailablebecauseofthecoldweather.Fruitistraditionallylimitedtoafewhardseasonalvarietieslikeapples,soitdoesn'tfeaturemuchinthecuisine,althoughthenorthwestisfamousfor50．(it)driedfruitandwine.第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Itwas7:15inthemorningofFebruary8,2022.IwaswalkingalongParkRoadtowardstheeastwhileanoldmancameoutoftheparkontheothersidesofthestreet.ThenIseeayellowcardriveupMiltonStreetandturntherightintoParkRoad.Thenextmoment,thecarhitthemanwhileshewascrossingtheroad.Hefellwithacry.Tosurprise,thecardidn’tstopanddroveoffatfullspeed.InoticedthedriverwasayoungwomanworeapairofglassesbuttheplatenumberwasAC864.Twominuteslate,Istoppedapassingcarandtooktheoldmantothenearesthospital.第二节书面表达（满分25分）12/12假如你是李华，你在网上看到你所在城市的一个英语培训中心拟招收暑期助教，请根据以下要点写一封英语申请信。内容包括：1.申请原因；2.自我优势（口语能力，组织能力，沟通能力）；3.希望获准。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：助教teachingassistantDearSir/Madam,I’mgladtoseeyouradvertisementontheInternet._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua12/12