黑龙江省哈尔滨师范大学青冈实验中学校2022学年高二英语下学期期初考试试题

哈师大青冈实验中学2022—2022学年度第二学期开学初考试高二英语试题第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AInspiringyoungminds!TOKNOWMagazineisabighitintheworldofchildren’spublishing,bringingauniquecombinationofchallengingideasandgoodfuntoyoungfanseverymonth.What’sinside?Everymonththemagazineintroducesafreshnewtopicwitharticles,experimentsandcreativethingstomake—themagazinealsoexploresphilosophyandwellbeingtomakesureyoungreadershaveabalancedtakeonlife.WhatissospecialaboutTOKNOWmagazine?Well,ithasnoadsorpromotionsinside—insteaditisjam-packedwithseriousideas.TOKNOWmakescomplexideasattractiveandaccessibletochildren,whocanbecomeinvolvedinadvancedconceptsandevenphilosophy（哲学）—andtheywillsoondiscoverthatTOKNOWfeelsmorelikeaclubthanjustamagazine.Soundstoogoodtobetrue?Takealookonline—evidenceshowsthatthousandsofteachersandparentsknowagoodthingwhentheyseeitandrecommendTOKNOWtotheirfriends.HappyBirthdayAllYear!Whatcouldbemorefunthanagiftthatkeepscomingthroughtheletterboxeverymonth?Thefirstmagazinewithyourgiftmessagewillarriveintimeforthespecialday.SUBSCRIBENOW□AnnualSubscriptionEurope£55RestofWorld£65-12-□AnnualSubscriptionwithGiftPackIncludesaMammothMap,apassportPuzzleBooklet,andSubscriptionEurope£60RestofWorld£70RefundPolicy—thesubscriptioncanbecancelledwithin28daysandyoucangetyourmoneyback.1.WhyisTOKNOWaspecialmagazine?A.Itentertainsyoungparents.B.Itprovidesseriousadvertisements.C.Itcombinesfunwithcomplexconcepts.D.Itpublishespopularsciencefictions.2.Howmuchshouldyoupayifyoumakea12-mouthsubscriptiontoTOKNOWwithgiftpackfromChina?A.£55.B.£60.C.£65.D.£70.3.SubscribersofTOKNOWwouldget.A.fullrefundwithin28daysB.freebirthdaypresentsC.membershipoftheTOKNOWclubD.chancestomeettheexpertsinpersonB　　Peoplesmileattimes.However,themeaningofasmileindifferentculturesmaybedifferent.Dependingondifferentcultures,smilingcanexpressjoyandamusement,butitcanalsoindicateembarrassment.Thefollowingexamplesshowthispointofview:　　Inanattempttobeopenandfriendly,peopleintheUnitedStatessmilealot.Everyonesmilesateachother,thisnonverbalcommunicationshowsbeingfriendlyintheUnitedStates.However，inChina,smilingisnotonlyanexpressionofhappiness,butalsoawaytoavoidbeingembarrassed.Chinesepeoplelikesmilingwhentheyareembarrassedinordertoavoidembarrassment.Smilingisakindofgoodwillbutnotsneer（嘲笑）.Forexample:Whenachildfallsofffromabike,theadultsinChinamaysmile,whichisakindofgentleencouragementandmaynotbeakind-12-ofimpolitelaugh.　　WhenapersonfromtheUnitedStatesmightblush（脸红）withembarrassmentorbecomeoffensive,aChinesemightblushwithsmile.Toavoidseriousmisunderstanding,peoplewhoengageininterculturalcommunicationshouldbeabletounderstandthemeaningofsmilingappropriately.Relatedtothesmileisthelaugh.Also,differentcultureshavedifferentmeaningsaboutlaugh.Forexample,Americanscanenjoyaveryheartfeltbelly(腹部)laughthatcomesfromthedeepestemotions.However,mostChineseseldomlaughthatwaybecausetheyarethoughttobesillyexceptamongclosefriends.4.Wecanusesmiletoexpressallofthefollowingfeelingsexcept_________,A.joyandhappinessB.amusementC.embarrassmentD.fear5.PeopleoftensmileateachotherintheUnitedStatesbecause_________.A.theyareveryhappyB.theywanttoshowtheyarefriendlyC.theywanttohidetheirtruefeelingsD.theywanttoavoidembarrassment6.InChina,seeingachildfallsoffabike,anadultwillsmileinorderto_______.A.laughathimB.avoidhisownembarrassmentC.avoidembarrassmentandencouragetheboyD.showhispoliteness7.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthepassage?A.Peoplesmileattimes.B.Smilingcanexpressdifferentfeelingsdependingondifferentcultures.C.AmericansaremoreopenandfriendlythanChinesepeople.D.TheChinesepeopleoftenhidetheirtruefeelings.CMorethan2.25billioncupsofcoffeearedrunkthroughouttheworldeachday,andit’slikelythatmanytastebitter.Now,anewstudysuggeststhatcoffeefanscanmaketheirdrinksweeterbychangingthecoloroftheircups. -12-ResearchersfromOxfordsetouttoprovewhethertheclaimthatcoffeedrunkfromawhitecuptastesbitterwastrue.Theyused36volunteersandthreedifferentcoloredcups---blue,whiteandtransparent(透明的)glass---toexaminetheclaim. Inoneexperiment,thewhitecupincreasedtheintensity(浓度)ofthecoffeetasterelativetothetransparentcup.Then,inasecondexperiment,coffeedrunkfromthewhitecupwasfoundtotastelesssweetwhencomparedtotheothercoloredcups,whilethebluecupmadethecoffeetastethesweetest. Thescientistsbelievethatthecolorbrownmaybeassociatedwithbitterness,andcoffeeinawhitecupappearsthebrownest. “Ourstudyclearlyshowsthatthecolorofacupdoesinfluenceoursenseofthecoffeetaste,” leadingauthorDrGeorgeDoorn,wroteinanarticleforTheConversation.“Theeffectofthecolorofthecuponthetasteofthecoffeereportedheresuggeststhatcafeownersshouldcarefullyconsiderthecoloroftheircups,”hesaid,“Thepotentialeffectsmayspellthedifferencebetweenaone-timepurchaseandareturncustomer.” Actually,theideathatcolorcanchangethefoodanddrinktastecameoutmanyyearsago.Astudypublishedlastyearreportedthatred,strawberry-flavoredcakeservedonawhiteplatewasratedas10percentsweeterthanthesamefoodpresentedonablackplate.8.Thepassageismainlyabout_____.    A.thepopularityofsweetcoffeeB.anexperimentmadeinOxford C.theeffectofcupcoloroncoffee’stasteD.usefultipsonhowtomakecoffee9.Inwhichcupwillcoffeetastethesweetest?A.AwhitecupB.AbluecupC.AtransparentcupD.Abrowncup10.Café ownersshouldconsidertheircups’colorinorderto______.    A.reducethedailyexpenses      B.showtheirtasteincoffee   C.appealtomorecustomers       D.maketheircafédifferent11.Welearnfromthepassagethat_____.    A.coffeeinawhitecuptastessweeterthanthatinatransparentglass.   B.over2billioncupsofsweetcoffeearedrunkworldwideeachyear.   -12-C.Dr.GeorgeDoornwroteanarticleaboutmakingconversations.   D.theideathatcolorcouldaffectthetasteofdrinkisnotnew. DDriverlesstechnologywillsoonenteranothermajorglobalindustry:shipping.Severalcompaniesrecentlyannouncedplanstolaunchselfsailingshipstoimprovesafetyandefficiency.OneofthemisNorwegianchemicalcompanyYaraInternational.YarahasteamedupwithanotherNorwegiancompany,Kongsberg,tobuildanautonomous(自动的)goodsshipexpectedtolaunchnextyear.Kongsbergdevelopedtheship’selectricaltechnologyandautonomouscontrolsystems.Theshipisfullyelectrictoreduceairpollution.Itisdesignedtocarrygoodscontainersnormallytransportedbytruck.Thismeanstheshipwillalsoimproveroadsafetybyreplacingabout40,000trucktripsayear.Thecompanyplanstooperatetheshipsbyfar-awaycontrolbeginningsometimenextyear.By2022,theshipsshouldbeloadingandsailingthemselves.WhileYara’sshipswillbelimitedtoNorwayatfirst,thecompanyplanstogreatlyexpanditsautonomousshippingoperationsinthecomingyears.Anothercompanyputtingahighpriority(优先)toselfsailingshipsistheworld’slargestminingcompany,Australia’sBHPBilliton.Thecompany’sVicePresidentofFreight,RashpalBhatti,recentlyspokeaboutthetechnologyinawebsitepost.Bhattibelievesautomationwillbeoneofthebiggestchangesforshippinginthefuture.Hesaid,“Autonomousshipsoffersignificantopportunitiestoimprovesafetyandprovidebettereffectivenessresultstothesupplychainofthesea.”Headdedthatself-sailingshipscouldbecomearealitywithinthenextdecade.Rolls-Royce,theBritishautomobileandenginemanufacturer,isalsodevelopingunmannedshippingtechnologies.OskarLevanderisthecompany’sheadofoperationsatsea.Hetoldaconferencelastyear,“Thisishappening.It’snotif,it’swhen.”Levandersaidtheseautonomousshipscouldbecontrolledbyfar-awayoperatorsfromanywhere.Headded,“Becausetheseshipswillbedesignedtobeunmanned,theycanbebuiltsmaller,moreefficientandenvironmentallyfriendly.”12.Whyhaveseveralcountriesannouncedplanstoproduceself-sailingships?-12-A.Tosavemoney.B.Todevelopelectricaltechnologyinships.C.Tocompeteinautonomouscontrolsystems.D.Tomakeshippingmoreeffectiveandlessrisky.13.HowwilltheNorwegianautonomousshipbedeveloped?A.OnthebasisofRolls-Royce.B.Byasinglecompanyindependently.C.Bytwonativecompaniesworkingtogether.D.BytakingelectricaltechnologyfromAustralia.14.WhatdoOskarLevander’swordssuggestinparagraph4?A.Itistooearlytomakeautonomousships.B.Thesupplychainoftheseawillbebusier.C.Peoplearemoreconcernedaboutautonomousships.D.Unmannedshippingtechnologiesarebecomingmoremature.15.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AutomationunderSailB.Self-sailingShipsinUseC.AutomationinSomeFieldsD.AutomationinImagination第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Gratitudeisbeneficialtoeveryone.Butdoyouknowhowtogetthefeelingofappreciation?Thefollowingthreestepscanhelpyoustartfeelingmoregrateful,andappreciativeofthegoodthingsinyourlife:  NoticetheGoodThingsinYourLife16Payattentiontothesmalleverydaydetailsofyourlife——nature,people,community,shelter,creaturecomfortslikeawarmbedoragoodmeal.Andthenstartagratitudejournal(日志).Makingacommitment（承诺）towritingdowngoodthingseachdaymakesitmorelikelythatwewillnoticegoodthingsastheyhappen.EnjoytheFeelingofGratitudeTherearemomentswhenyounaturally,rightthenandthere,feelfilledwithgratitude.Thesearemomentswhenyousaytoyourself,"Oh,wow,thisisamazing!"-12-or"Howgreatthisis!"Stopforawhile.17Letitsinkin(tobecomecompletelyknown,felt,orunderstood).Enjoyyourblessingsinthemomenttheyhappen.ExpressGratitudeExpressinggratitudeismorethanbeingpolite.18Showyourappreciationtosomeonewhoreallydidsomethingnice.Say:"Itwasreallykindofyouto...""Youdidmeabigfavorwhen..."or"Thankyouforbeingtherewhen...".19Holdthedooropenforthepersonbehindyou,evenifitmeanswaitingalittlelongerthanyounormallywould.Truegratitudedoesn'tleaveyoufeelinglikeyouoweotherpeoplesomething——afterall,ifyou'vedonesomeoneafavor,youprobablydon'twantthepersontofeellikeyouexpectsomethingbackinreturn.20A.It'saboutshowingyourheartfeltappreciation.B.Noticeandtakeinthatfeelingoftruegratitude.C.Youcanalsoexpressgratitudebydoingakindness.D.It'sallaboutfeelinggoodandcreatingacycle(循环）ofgood.E.Starttonoticeandidentifythethingsyouaregratefulfor.F.Helpsomeonewithoutlettingthepersonfindoutitwasyou.G.It'samazingwhatyounoticewhenyoufocusonfeelinggrateful.第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Afriendofminemetwithanaccidentdrivingindarkness.Hislegsweresohurtthathecouldn’tmove.Whatwasthe21washefoundhimselfunabletoaskforhelp—hismobilephonewentoutof22asaresultofexhaustedbattery.Nothingcouldbedonebutto23incoldwilderness.Itwaseighthourslaterthatdaybroke,andthenthe24oftherescue.Itisalmost25thathecouldstandthehorrorinthedarknessforsolong.Evenmoresurprisingwashis26:“FirstofallIcheckedupmy27conditionsandfoundmyselfnotinfatal（致命的）danger.Astherewasno28tocallfor-12-help,Ileanedbackinmyseattryingmybesttokeepthewoundfrom29. InthiswayIdozed(打盹)off.”Hisstoryputanendtomyregretforthe30ofanexplorationadventurethathappenedlastyear.Agroupofyoungmen31toexploreamountaincaveandgotlost.32tofindawayoutinthedarkcave,theywerefrightenedandrananxiouslywithoutasenseof33.Finallytheyfelldeadinfearandexhaustion.Accordingtothe34peoplethatfoundthem,theplacewheretheygotlostwasonlyabouttenmetersawayfromthe35ofthecave.Iftheystayedonthespotwhentheylosttheirwayandtriedto36themselves,theywouldprobablysenseafaintlightglimmering(闪烁)notfaraway.Don’tyouthinkthatyoucancompareitwith37itself?Whenyoumeetwithobstaclesinlifeandwork,youarelostindarkness.38youit’sunclearyetandyouneedn’tputupstruggle39.Itseemstobeanegativeattitude,40apersonwhocanaffordtodosomusthaveforesightaswellasagreatcourageinthefirstplace.21.A.hopelessB.worst  C.more   D.best22.A.work  B.way    C.control D.date23.A.cry B.lie      C.wait    D.sleep24.A.delay     B.successC.team   D.arrival25.A.untrue   B.unimaginable     C.true    D.useless26.A.plan      B.decision     C.explanation D.excuse27.A.physical B.mentalC.working     D.medical28.A.method  B.way    C.alternative  D.strength-12-29.A.rotting  B.spreading   C.bleedingD.hurting30.A.lossB.failure C.disappointment  D.sadness31.A.hadB.managed   C.planned  D.tried32.A.Willing B.UnableC.DeterminedD.Deciding33.A.hearing  B.sight   C.feelingD.direction34.A.rescue   B.villageC.local   D.brave35.A.endB.top     C.opening      D.side36.A.save      B.help    C.stop    D.calm37.A.adventure     B.work   C.life     D.mankind38.A.Watch     B.Mind C.Imagine     D.Warn39.A.immediately B.  really    C.carefully    D.hopefully40.A.andB.soC.but    D.while第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Inmyopinion,weshouldtryourbest ___41____ (realize)ourgoalseventhoughthereislittlehope.Theeffortsseemtobethelightsinthe___42____(dark),leadingthewaytohopeandsuccess.   Iusedtobe __43___ shygirlinmyprimaryschool.IwasweakinEnglishatthattime,especiallyfor  ___44___ (speak)English.SoIwasafraidtoanswertheteacher’squestionsduringEnglishclasses.AfterIenteredmymiddleschool.Something __45____ (change).Istartedtoreadmany  __46____ (interest)EnglishstoriesandmyEnglishteacherwaspatienttohelpmealot.Istudiedhardinclassandpracticedby____47____(watch)EnglishfilmsandlisteningtoEnglish-12-songsinmyfreetime.Little __48____ little,Ifound __49____moreandmoreinterestingtolearnEnglish.Icouldeventalkwithmyclassmates  ____50____(fluent)inEnglishandIwasnotshyanymore.Atlast,IgothighgradesinEnglishandIhad confidencetodoitbetterinthefuture.第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词。2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Growingupmeanbecomingmoreindependent.Myparentsusedtomakeallthedecisionforme.ButnowIthinkIshouldlearntofacingdifficultiesalone.Otherwise,Iwon’tsuccessindoinganythinginthefuture.Thehardestdecisionwhathasbeenmadeiskeepingadiary.Atthefirst,itwassohardforme.Gradual,Ifoundalotpleasureinit.EverynightIwouldsitdownandreviewthethingsduringtheday.Oncewritedownmyownfeelings,Iwouldalwaysfeelgood.NowthereweremanymemoriesinmydiaryandI’llkeepondoingso.第二节书面表达(满分15分)阅读使人明智，阅读使人充实。阅读的好处很多，但是，目前许多中学生都不重视阅读。请你根据下表内容写一篇100字的英语短文，对这一现状进行分析并提出建议。文中不能出现真实的人名，校名和地名。开头已给出，不计入总词数。内容要点如下：不重视阅读的原因如：1.作业太多2.时间花在......阅读的好处如：1.开阔眼界，获得知识-12-2.学会如何思考3.生活更加丰富多彩你的建议如：养成良好的读书习惯......Atpresentonlyafewstudentsdosomereadingafterclass.Hereareseveralreasons.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________-12-参考答案第一部分：阅读理解1-3CDA4-7DBCB7-10CBCD11-15 DCDA16-20EBACD第二部分：英语知识运用完型填空：21-25BACDB26-30CABCB31-35DBDAC36-40DCBAC语法填空41.torealize 42.darkness   43.a   44.spoken  45.changed46.interesting 47watching48.by   49.it  50.fluently 第三部分：写作第一节：短文改错1.mean改成means2.decision改成decisions3.facing改成face4.success改成succeed5.what改成that6.去掉the7.Gradual改成Gradually8.在lot和pleasure之间添加of9.write改成writing10.were改成are第二节：书面表达Onepossibleversion：Atpresentonlyafewstudentsdosomereadingafterclass.Hereareseveralreasons.Somestudentsthinktheyhavetoomuchhomeworkandtheyarebusydoingiteveryday.Othersdon'thaveahabitofreading.AndtheyoftenspendtheirtimeonTVortheInternet.However,readinghasmanyadvantages.Byreadingwecanlearnmoreabouttheworld.Besides,itcanhelpusthinkbetter.Alsoreadingcanmakeourlifemorecolorful.Hereismyadvice.First,teachersaresupposedtogivelesshomeworktoussothatwecanhavemoretimetoread.Second,it'sagoodideatostartareadingclub,sowecanlearnfromeachother.-12-