天津市南开中学2022届高三英语下学期第四次学情调研考试试题（Word版附答案）

南开中学2022届高三年级学情调查英语试题2022.03本试卷分第1卷（选择题）、第II卷（非选择题），共150分，考试用时100分钟。第I卷1至16页，第II卷第17页至18页。考生务必将客观题答案涂写在答题卡上，将主观题答在答题纸上。在试卷上答题无效。祝各位考生考试顺利!第I卷（130分）第一部分：听力（20分）第一节听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，井标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Seeamachine.B.Helptheman.C.Buyadrink.2.Whatismostprobablythewoman?A.Ateacher.B.Awriter.C.Anactress.3.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Interviewerandapplicant.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Doctorandpatient.4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shewantstohavesomecake.B.Shedoesn'tlikechocolate.C.Shelikestomakecake.5.Whatdowelearnaboutthemail?A.Helosthisjacket.B.Hedidn'tknowitwouldbecold.C.Hemisunderstoodtheweatherreport.第二节听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。6.Wheredothespeakerssit?A.Bythewindow.B.NearthedoorC.Inthecomer.7.Whatdoesthewomanwanttoorder?A.Beefandsalad.B.Cheeseandblacktea.C.Sandwichandcoffee,8.Howmuchistheblacktea?A.$1.5.B.$25C.$5.听下面一段对话，回答第9至第H小题。9.WhydoestheboyenjoyUnit3?A.It’seasier.B.It'slessboring.C.Itsmoreimportant.10.WhatmakestheboylikeProfessorJonesmost?A.Hishonesty,B.Hiswayofteaching.C.Hiswideknowledge.11.Whichwayofstudydoestheboyprefer?A,Pairwork.B.Groupwork.C.Individualwork.听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15小题。12.Whattoursareavailable?A.Natureandhistoricaltours.B.Natureandadventuretours.C.Historicalandadventuretours.13.Whenwillthebustothelakesgetback?A.At4：30p.m.B.At6：30p.m.C.At8：30p.m.14.Whydovisitorstothecastlehavetowearsoftshoes?A.Toprotectthefloors.B.Tomakelessnoise.C.Toavoidhurtingtheirfeet.15.Whoisprobablythespeaker?A.Aheadmaster.B.Atourguide.C.Amanager.第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分50分）.第一节、单项填空(共30小题，每小题1分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合空白处的最佳选项。16.Ifpeoplekeeppollutingtheocean,nocreaturetherewillsurvive_____.A.atallcostB.foralongwhileC.inthelongrunD.bynomeans17.Mr.Wilsonisamanofpatienceandkindness,andhisgoodtempernever_____him.A.failsB.disappointsC.controlsD.worries18.—DidJimcome?—Idon'tknow.He______whileIwasout.A.mighthavecomeB.mightcomeC.musthavecomeD.shouldhavecome19.—Ipreferacomputermadeinyourcompany,butImayneedsomemoreinformationabouttheproduct.—_______.A.ThankyouB.ItsapleasureC.YouarewelcomeD.Atyourservice20.—Wouldyoumindmovingoveralittle?Ihavetopasshere.—______.I’dliketohelp.A.NotintheslightestB.Don'tmentionit,C.NevermindD.Atyourservice21.Thiswasreturnedbecausetheperson______thisletterwasaddressedhaddiedthreeyearsago.A.towhomB.towhichC.whichD.whom22.Hearingthenews,sherushedout,______thebook______onthetableanddisappearedintothedistance.A.left;lainopenB.left;layopenedC.leaving;lieopenedD.leaving;lyingopen23._____someteenagersdon’trealizeis______difficultlifecanbeaftertheygetaddictedtodrugs.A.That;howB.Which;whataC.What;whatD.What;how24.We'dbettertakeumbrellas-Fmsureit______whenwearriveinLondon;it'salwayswetthereatthistimeofyear.A.willrainB.israiningC.willberainingD.wouldrain25.—Whataboutyourself-drivetripyesterday?—Tiring!Theroadwasbeingwidened,andwe_______aroughride.A.hadB.haveC.wouldhaveD.havehad26.—Whendidyougettoknowyourgirlfriend?—Itwasin2015______shewasworkingasavolunteerinAfrica.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.then27.—Areyousatisfiedwithhisschoolreport?—Notatall.Itcouldn'thavebeen______.A.worseB.sobadC.betterD.theworst28.Isitheoryou_______inchargeofthejobandsupposedtocompleteitpunctually?A.whoisB.thatisC.whoareD.whomare29.China'ssoftpowergrows______theincreasingappreciationandunderstandingofChinaglobally.A.inlinewithB.inhonorofC.inreplytoD.inreturnfor30.Thefellowwespoke_____nocommentatfirst.A.tomakeB.tomadeC.madeD.tomaking31.Acityistheproductofthehumanhandandmind,man'sintelligenceandcreativity.A.resemblingB.reviewingC.reflectingD.restoring32.Ittook_____buildingsuppliestoconstructtheseenergy-savinghouses.Ittookbrains,too.A.otherthanB.morethanC.ratherthanD.lessthan33.Theartshowwas_____beingafailure;itwasagreatsuccess.A.farfromB.alongwithC.nexttoD.regardlessof34.---Ihopeyouenjoyedthefilmlastnight.---HowonearthdoyouknowIwenttoafilm?I_____you.A.won'ttellB.didn'ttellC.haven'ttoldD.don'ttell35.—Shallwegoforadrinkdownstairs?,—_______.Willtwoo’clockbeOK?A.Sorry,I’mnotavailablenowB.Sure,noproblemC.Sony,ICan'tmakeittodayD.Sure,it'suptoyou36.---Whatareyougoingtodowiththeflawinthevase?---Icaneithersendanewonetoyoubyexpressmailor_____compensateyouatareasonableprice.A.artificiallyB.accordinglyC.alternativelyD.consistently37.I______tohelpyouwithyourhomeworkbutIcouldn'tspareanytime,I______acompositionlastnightandI’llfinishittoday.A.wanted;waswritingB.wanted;wroteC.havewanted;wroteD.hadwanted;waswriting38.In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgram,oneof______purposesistorelieve,worldwidestarvation.A.whichB.it'sC.whoseD.whom39.Trytounderstandwhat’sactuallyhappeninginsteadofactingonthe______you'vemade.A.assignmentB.associationC.acquisitionD.assumption40.Thebeautifulgirlchosetoteachinavillageschool,thoughshe_______inabigcityforaneasierlife.A.couldstayB.couldhavestayedC.musthavestayedD.muststay41._____wemakeadecision,inmostcircumstances,thereisnogoingback.A.BeforeB.UntilC.UnlessD.Once42.______theupsanddownsinmylife,Ieventuallyrealizedwhatlifewasallabout.A.ExperiencedB.HavingexperiencedC.ToexperienceD.Experiencing43.—WegothereTuesdayafternoon.—______Whydidn'tyoucallusearlier?A.Goodluck!B.Youdid?C,It'snosurprise.D.Youarewelcome44.Itisnotalwayseasyforthepublictosee_____useanewinventioncanbeoftohumanlife.A.whoseB.whatC.whichD.that45._____tothestudentsathome,thetextbooksenabledthemtostudymoreefficiently.A.DistributedB.DistributingC.BeingdistributedD.Havingdistributed第二节、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，先出最佳选项。ThefirsttimeIremembernoticingthecrossingguardwaswhenhewavedtomeasIdrovemysontoschool.He46mewithapuzzle-allbecausehewavedtomelikesomeonedoes47seeingaclosefriend.Abig,48smileaccompaniedhiswave.Forthe,nextfewdays.Itriedto49hisfacetoseeifIknewhim.Ididn't.Perhapshehad50meforsomeoneelse.BythetimeIcontentedmyselfwiththe51thatheandIwerestrangers,weweregreetingeachotherwarmlyeverymorninglikeoldfriends.Thenonedaythe52wassolved.AsI53theschoolhewasstandinginthemiddleoftheroad54hisstopsign.Iwasinlinebehindfourcars.55thekidshadreachedthesafetyofthesidewalk,heloweredhissignandletthecars56.Tothefirsthewavedand57injustthesamewayhehaddonetomeoverthelastfewdays.Thekidsalreadyhadthewindowdownandwerehappilywavingtheirreply.Thesecondcargotthesame58fromthecrossingguard,andthedriver,astiff-looking(表情刻板的)businessman,gaveabriefalmost59waveback.Eachfollowingcarofkidsontheirwaytoschool60moreheartily.EverymorningIcontinuedtowatchthemanwith61.SofarIhaven'tseenanyone62towaveback.Ifinditinterestingthatonepersoncanmakesucha(n)63.tosomanypeople'slivesbydoingonesimplethinglikewavingandsmilingwarmly.His64armedthestartofmyday.Withafriendlywaveandsmilingfacehehadchangedthe65ofthewholeneighborhood.46.A.hitB.disappointedC.presentedD.bored47.A.onB.fromC.duringD.about48.AA.falseB.shyC.apologeticD.bright49.A.researchB.studyC.recognizeD.explore50.A.praisedB.blamedC.mistakenD.respected51.A.conclusionB.descriptionC.evaluationD.introduction52.A.argumentB.disagreementC.mysteryD.task53.A.visitedB.approachedC.passedD.left54.A.drawingbackB.puttingonC.handinginD.holdingout55.A.OnceB.BeforeC.UnlessD.While56.A.inB.throughC.outD.down57.A.criedB.cheeredC.smiledD.gestured58.A.ideaB.replyC.noticeD.greeting59.A.awkwardB.angryC.elegantD.patient60.A.cameB.respondedC.hurriedD.appeared61.A.surpriseB.frustrationC.interestD.doubt62.A.failB.tryC.wishD.bother63.A.offerB.sacrificeC.promiseD.difference64.A.effectivenessB.cheerfulnessC.carefulnessD.seriousness65.A.trendsB.observationsC.regulationsD.feelings第三部分：阅读理解（共24小题；每小题2.5分，满分6G分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。AWhat’sopen?,Wearecontinuallyremindedofhowwonderfulandsupportivethiscommunityis.Fromlocaldeliveries,thecurbsideservice（路边服务），thetakeout,theoutdoordining,tomanymorecreativewaystoserve,SantaCruzCountyrestaurantsandshopsaresteppingupandtheyneedoursupport.Takealookatsomeeateries（饮食店）andshopsthatarecontinuingtoserveinasafeandkindway.Wantmoredetailsonhowsomebusinessesarereopeningwithspecificsafetymeasures?Visitourwebsiteforthelatestinformationonrestaurants,shops,andactivitiesthatareleadingthewaywithsafeopenings.11thHourCoffeeStatus:Open(7am-8pm)CarryOut&Deliveryhttps://llthhourcoffbe.com/Phone:831-331-5273.Location:1001CenterSt,SantaCruz-DowntownCarmona’sBBQDeli&CateringStatus:Open(noon-6:30pm)CarryOut&Deliveryhttps://www.caaiiooasbbcidcli.com/Phone:831-761-9160Location:1040e.Lake.Ave,WatsonvilleBoulderCreekPizza&PubStatus:Open(11am-9pm)CarryOut(curbsideavailable)&Deliveryhttp://www.bccizzapub.com/.Phone:831-338-2141Location:13200-BCentralAve,BoulderCreekAvantiRestaurantStatus:Open(4pm-8pm)CarryOut,LimitedIndoorDining&Curbsidehttp://avantisantacruz.squarespace.com/Phone:831-427-0135Location:1917MissionSt,SantaCruzEateriesRetailshopsLocalretailshopsarereopeningbythedayforin-storeshopping,aswellasthecurbsideservice,theonlinepurchase,andthedelivery.CheckouttheShoppingSectionofourwebsiteformanystoresofferingthesafeservice!IndoordiningisnotpermittedinsomeplacesbecauseoftheCOVID-19pandemicaccordingtolocalhealthandgovernmentauthorities.Pleasecallindividualrestaurantsbeforeyouvisittoseeiftheyareabletooffertheindoordiningatthetimeofyourvisit.66.What’stheauthor'spurposeofwritingParagraph1?A.Toexplainthehardshipsmallbusinessessuffered.B.Tocallonlocalpeopletosupportlocalbusinesses.C.Tointroducethedevelopmentofthesmalleateries.D.Toshowtheharmoniousrelationshipbetweenneighbors.67.Wherecanpeoplegoiftheywanttoeatsomethingintheearlymorning?A.1001CenterSt,SantaCruz.B.1917MissionSt,SantaCruz.C.1040e.LakeAve,Watsonville.D.13200-BCentralAve,BoulderCreek.68.WhatisspecialaboutAvantiRestaurant?A.Itprovidestakeaways.B.Itislocatedindowntown.C.Ithasthelongestbusinesshours.D.Itallowseatinginsidetherestaurant.69：Whichnumberwillyoucallifyouwanttoordersomepizza,nearCentralAve?,A.831.-331-5273.B.831-338-2141.C.831-761-9160.D.831-427-0135.70.Whatarepeopleadvisedtodowhentheyplantoeatataneatery?A.ChecktheShoppingSectionofthewebsite.B.Takesomeeffectiveprotectivemeasures.C.Communicatewiththerestaurantinadvance.D.Gettheapprovalofthelocalhealthauthorities.BIneededtogetsomemoneyso,afterChristmas,ItookajobintheclothesdepartmentatGraham'sforthefirstfortnightoftheJanuarysale.Ican'tsaythatIenjoyedit,butitwasanexperienceI'llneverforget.Icouldneverunderstandwhythereweresomanythingsinthesales;wheredidtheyallcomefrom?NowIkthesecret!Firstly,thereisthespecialwinterstock(货物)andthestockthatpeoplebuyalltheyearround;someofthesethingsareslightlyreduced.Secondly,therearethesummerclothestheycouldn'tselllastyear;theseareheavilyreducedtoclearthem.Thirdly,therearecheapclothesboughtinspeciallyforthesales;theseareputoutathighpricestendaysbeforethesalebeginsandthenarereducedby60%inthesale.Clever!Lastly,theybuyin“seconds”(clothesnotinperfectcondition)forthesaleandtheyaresoldverycheaply.WhenIarrivedhalfanhourbeforeopeningonthefirstdayofthesale,therewasalreadyaqueuearoundthreesidesofthebuilding.Thismademeverynervous.Whenthebigmomentarrivedtoopenthedoors,thesecurityguards,lookinglessconfidentthanusual,cameuptothem,keysinhand.Themomenttheyhadunlockedthedoors,theyhidbehindthedoorsforprotectionasthenoisycrowdchargedin.Icouldn'tbelievemyeyes;thiswasn'tshopping,itwasabattlefield!Onepoorladycouldn'tkeepherfeetandwasknockedoverbypeoplepushingfrombehind.Clotheswereflyinginalldirectionsaspeoplesearchedforthesizes,coloursandstylestheywanted.Quarrelsbrokeout.Motherswereusingtheirsmallchildrentocrawlthroughpeople'slegsandgetholdofthingstheycouldn’tgetnearthemselves.WithinminutesIhadhalfadozenpeoplepushingclothesundermynose,eachwantingtobethefirstserved.WherehadthefamousEnglishQueuegone?Thewholedaycontinuedlikethat,butIkeptmytemper!Iwastakingmoneyhandoverfistandbegantorealizewhy,twiceayear,Grahameswerehappytoturntheirexpensivestoreintoabattlefieldlikethis.Inthesalefever,peoplewerespendingmoneylikewaterwithoutthinkingwhethertheyneededwhat,theywerebuying.AslongasitwasabargainitwasOK.Youwon’tbelievethisbutassoonasIgothomeIcrashedoutforfourhours.ThenIhaddinnerandwentbacktobed,fearingthesoundofthealarmwhichwouldtellmetogetreadyfortheseconddayofthesale.71.Whatkindofclothesislikelytobesold5%cheaper?A.Lastsummer'sclothes.B.Clothesnotinperfectcondition.C.Clothesboughtinspeciallyforthesales.D.Clothesforwinter.,72.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.ThecustomersgaveupthequeuingforwhichtheEnglisharefamous.B.Thecustomerskepttheirtemperwhilelookingforclothestheywanted.C.Smallchildrenenjoyedcrawlingthroughpeople'slegs.D.Thesecurityguardswerefearlessofthecrowd.73.Intheauthor'sopinion,whywereGraham'shappytomaketheirexpensivestoreinto"Battlefield”?A.Thereweretoomanyclothesandtheywantedtocleartheminthesales.B.Theywereeagertoshowthattheywerecleveratdoingbusiness.C.Theycouldtakethechancetoraisethepricesofalltheirclothes.D.Theywantedtomakemoremoneybyhavingsales..74.Theexpression“crashedout”means_____.A.chattedwithherfriendsB.sleptsoundlyC.brokedownD.dinedout75.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheBestBargain.B.Huntingforajob.C.SaleFever.D.APleasantFortnightCTinyastheyare,batshavetheabilityto"see"inthedarkbyusingaspecialskillcalledecholocation（回声定位法）.Theymakenoisesandwaitforsoundwaves,oranecho,tobounce（反弹）backoffobjects.Theycantellthedistanceofvariousobjectsbyhowquicklythesoundwavesbouncebackoffthem.Ifnosoundbouncesback,theycanthenflyforward.Thisspecialabilityhasbeensimulatedinthehumanworldforalongtime,suchasinsubmarinesandplanes,whosesonar（声呐）systemsaresomewhatsimilartoecholocation.Butapartfromhelpingvehicles“see”wheretheyare,whatifblindpeoplecoulduseecholocationforthemselves?Itturnsout,somealreadyare.AmericanDanielKish,whoisblind,isknownas"Batman”.Thisisn'tbecausehewalksaroundinacapeandamaskbutbecausehehasabat-likeabilitytolocatewhereheisthroughsharpclickshemakesbymovinghistongueagainsttheroofofhismouth.Kishissoskilledatecholocatingthathecanrideabikeandhikeonhisown.Recently,researchcarriedoutattheUniversityofDurhaminEnglandshedsomelightonthepowerofhumanecholocation.Kishworkedwithagroupofscientistswhostudiedthewayblindpeoplelistentotheechoesthattheyproducefromclicks.Theteam,whichconductedexperimentswithothervolunteers,foundthatpeoplewerecapableofhearingevenveryfaintechoes,onesfarfainterthanhadbeenpreviouslythought.SpeakingtoTheIndependent,LoreThaler,leadscientistofthegroup,said,“Wbfoundthatinsomeconditions,theywerereallyfaint-about95percentsofterthantheactualclicks,buttheecholocatorswerestillabletosensethis.”AndrewKolarikoftheUniversityofCambridgeisanotherexpertinecholocation.ReactingtotheDurhamstudy,hetoldBBCNewsthatecholocation"canbeveryuseful,atprovidinginformationatfaceorchestheight55andcouldhelppeople“avoidobjectslikelowhangingbranchesthatmightnotgetdetectedbythecaneoraguidedog”.AlthoughKish'sskillisremarkable,there'shopeforotherblindpeoplewhowanttouseecholocation.AccordingtoBBCNews,echolocationisaskillblindpeoplecanacquireanddevelop,justlikelearningalanguage.AsKolariksaid:"Teachingecholocationskillscouldprovideblindpeoplewiththemeansofexploringnewplaces."76.Theunderlinedword“simulated”inParagraph2probablymeans_____.A.discoveredB.copiedC.improvedD.challenged77.HowdoesKishlocatewhereheis?A.Byusinghisgreatsenseofhearing.B.Bylisteningtotheechoesproducedbyhiscane.C.Viatheechoesfromtheclickshemakeswithhistongue.D.Viathesonarsystemattachedtohisbody.78.WhatdidLoreThaler'steamfindfromtheirstudies?A.Itishardforecholocatorstosensefaintechoes.B.Humanscanecholocatebetterthanwethoughtwecould.C.Echolocatorscanpickupalltypesofechoes.D.Blindpeoplearebetterecholocatorsthanthosewhocansee.79.Accordingtothearticle,teachingecholocationtoblindpeople.A.willenablethemtogetridoftheircaneB.willimprovetheirabilitytolearnanewlanguageC.willopenupnewpossibilitiesfor.them.D.isnoteasytoputintopractice80.Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?A.Studiesonblindpeopleusingecholocation.B.Differenttypesofhumanecholocation.C.Theimportanceofhumanecholocation.D.Whybats'echolocationcouldbeusedbyhumans.DThere'sasongbythegreatJamaicansingerBobMarleycalledSoMuchTroubleInTheWorld.Marleyunderstoodthatpartofthereasonwhytherearesomanyproblemsintheworldisthelackoftolerancebetweenpeople.TheUNunderstandsthistoo-that’swhyitmadeNov16“InternationalDayforTolerance”.Butfirstofall,whatistolerance?FrenchphilosopherVoltaire(1694~1778)cangiveussomehelp.Accordingtohim,tolerance“istheconsequenceofhumanity.Weareallformedoffrailty(脆弱)anderror,letuspardoneachother"sfolly—thatisthefirstlawofnature.”Nobody'sperfect；Whenwe’etemptedtocriticizeanotherperson,weshouldperhapsrememberourownimperfectionsfirst.Veryoften,peopledon'trealizethatthey-reintolerant.Thisisbecauseintolerancehasalottodowithignorance.Forexample,theUN'scampaignisinpartaboutthetreatmentoffemalesbymales.Butoften,thebehaviorofmentowardwomenisintolerantbecausemendon'tputthemselvesintheshoesofwomen.It'sworththinkingalittleaboutthewords“tolerance"and"intolerance”.Arethey,thebestwordstodescribetheevilsofwhichwe'respeakinghere?Toagreetobe“tolerant”ofsomeoneisn'tnecessarilyaveryrespectfulthing.Whensomeoneistolerated,itimpliesthatthere'ssomethingwrongwiththem.Butitseemswrongthatpeopleshouldagreeto"tolerate”peoplewithblackskin,forexample.Andshouldwomenthinktheyhavereceivedtherespecttheyareduewhenmenagreeto“tolerates”them?Still,whatVoltairesaidstands:Wehumansarenotperfectandthisweaknessissomethingthatweallshare.That’sthereasonwhyweshouldbetolerant.It'salittlelikegenerosity.Wecangivethingstoanotherperson,andwecanalsogiveourforgiveness.BobMarleyunderstoodthis.In.thesongmentionedabove,headvised:“Allyougottodo:givealittle.”Or,asthisolderpieceofwisdomsays:“Writeyourloveonarocksoitstaysforeternity;writeyourhateinthesandsothewaveswillwashitaway.”81.AccordingtoVoltaire,toleranceisA.beingwillingtoexpressyourlovetoothersB.tryingtoovercomeyourimperfectionsC.givingahandtovulnerablegroups（弱势群体）D.acceptingeachother’sweaknesses82.Whyarepeopleusuallyunawareoftheirintolerance,accordingto.the.article?A.Theyareusedtofindingfaults.B.Theyconsidertoleranceakindoffrailty.C.Theydon'tseethingsfromtheangleofothers.D.Theyareintolerantofthemselvestoo.83.Inwhatsenseis“tolerance”similarto“generosity?"A.Humansareadvisedtotreatothersbetter.B.Humanslearnedtofindfaultsinothers.C.Humansneedtogivesomethingtoothers.D.Humanswillchangetheirattitudestoothers.84.Theunderlinedword"this"inthelastparagraphrefersto_____.A.givingthingstoothersB.forgivingothersC.differentattitudestowardloveandhateD.thefactthathumansareimperfect85.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.TheoriginoftheInternationalDayofTolerance.B.Themeaningandimportanceoftolerance.C.ThephilosophybehindBobMarley'ssong.D.Effectivewaystoshowtolerance.EAsparents,wewantourchildrentoreachtheirfullacademicpotential.Wereadtothem,encouragetheirspecialtalents,andsupportthemwhentheyhaveproblems.Iftheychoosetoparticipateinmusicorsports,wealsohelpthemreachtheirpotentialinthoseareas.Theseareallgoodgoals.Thereis,however,anevenmoreimportantgoal.Itisagoalmoredifficultthan,excellenceinarithmeticorsoccerortheviolin.Parentsareresponsibleforprovidingtheirchildrenwithamoralcompass.Theyneedtonurtureandtreasuregoodnessintheirchildren.Everychildhasthecapacitytobecomeagood,decenthumanbeing.Tofulfillthiscapacity,childrenneedtheguidanceandsupportofparentsandotheradults.Raisinggood,moralchildrenisthemostimportantjobwewillhave.Whatisagood,decenthumanbeing?Whilewemaydifferonsomedetails,mostwouldagreethatrespectforothers,kindnessandcaring,honestyandhonor,andareverence（尊重）forlifearekey.Good,decenthumanbeingsarepeoplewithafirmsenseofdirectionandpurpose—amoralcompass---toguidetheirlives.Childrenneedourhelptodevelopthesecharacteristicsandvalues.Whilemostpeopletrytoactwithhonorandkindness,doingsoconsistentlyisdifficultandrequireslifelongeffort.Goodnessisnoteasyforanadultanditisevenmoredifficultforachild.Theydoriothavetheknowledge,experiences,orcognitiveskillstounderstandtheimpactandconsequencesoftheiractions.Reinforcementissometimesanefficientapproachtobuildingpositivebehavior.Thechildbehavesinadesiredwayandtheparentsprovidereinforcement.Thebehaviorthentypicallyincreasesinfrequency.Thisapproachworksforteaching“Please”and"Thankyou”.Thenewbehaviorismaintained,becauseithelpsthechildgetalongintheworld.Loving,everydayinteractionsarethebeginningofraisingmoralchildren.Thechildwhofallsandreceivesadultconcernlearnshowtotreatotherskindlywhentheystumble（绊倒）.Thechildwhomakesamistakeandisencouragedtotryagainlearnshowtosupportothers.Whenparentsintercede（调解）graciouslyfortheirchild,thechildcanseethebasisforfriendship.Whenwetreatchildrenwithrespectandcare,weprovideapositivemodelofhowtobehave.Theseearlyexperiencesestablishpatternsfortheirtreatmentofothers.86.Whatareadultssupposedtodotomakechildrenbecomegood,decenthumanbeings?A.Toencouragetheirchildrentolearnmoreaboutsportsormusic.B.Tohelptheirchildrentodeveloptheirspecialtalents.C.Tosupporttheirchildrenwhentheyhaveproblems.D.Toreinforcepositivebehaviorthrougheverydayinteractions.87.Whyisitdifficultforachildtoactwithhonorandkindness?A.Becauseitisdifficultforadultstodoso.B.Becauseachildisnotmatureenoughtodoso.C.Becauseachilddoesnotunderstandtheabstractconceptof“goodness”.D.Becauseachilddoesnothaveamodeltofollow.88.Theauthortalksaboutteaching“Please"and"Thankyou”todemonstratethat_____.A.saying“Please"and"Thankyou”isagoodhabitB.politenessisthenatureofamoralcompassC.politenesshelpsthechildgetalongintheworldD.reinforcementisanefficientapproachtobuildingpositivebehavior89.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?,A.Toemphasizetheimportanceofadults’concernwhenachildfalls.B.Toshowhowtoguidechildrentodevelopfriendship.C.Toexplainwhyadultsshouldtreatchildrenwithrespectandcare.D.Toshowhowloveandeverydayinteractionsworkinmoldingamoralchild.南开中学2022届高三年级学情调查英语试题第II卷（共20分）注意事项：用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能使用修改液。第四部分：短语填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）用下列短语的正确形式补全句子。sharpenone’skillsachievegreatendstelloffinturnplaysafewithcometoexistpayoffbringintofocussoastolikenootherlieinafarcryfrombravetheelementspostupdatesreachoutgodeeperintomakeadifferencepassdowntickalltherightboxesliveuptoy90.Althoughmodemtechnologycouldhelpproducemorecrops,theseterracesstillmeanalottothelocalpeopleforwhomtraditionsholdmuchvalue.Thisknowledgeis_____throughfamilies,whichmeansthatnewgenerationscontinuetouseancientmethodsofagriculturetomaintaintheterraces.91.Ihopeyoucanallvisitthisfantasticplaceonedaytofeelthepowerofthesegreatworksofartsforyourselves.Theyreallydo_____tousacrossthecenturiesasiftimeitselfwerenothing.92.PeoplesaythattheBritishalways_____.whattheyeat.Nottrue!93.ThemostquestionableissuewastheactresschosentoplaythepartofHelen.Manypeoplethoughtshedidn't_____Helen'stitle4