江苏省扬州市2021-2022学年高一上学期期末检测 英语 Word版含解析

2021-2022学年度第一学期期末检测试题高一英语2022.01（本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whattimeisitnow?A.9:10.B.9:50.C.10:00.2.HowisthewomangoingtoXiamen?A.Bytrain.B.Bybus.C.Byplane.3.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Classmates.B.Brotherandsister.C.Teacherandstudent.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Achild.B.Apresent.C.Aroom.5.Whatwillthewomandowiththemantonight?A.Watchamovie.B.Gotoarestaurant.C.Dotheirhomework.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inahospital.B.Inashop.C.Inahotel.7.What’swrongwiththeman?A.Hehasgotabadheadache.B.Hehasaterribletoothache.C.Hislegaches.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Wherecanthemangetmoney?A.FromtheAlliedIrishBank.B.Fromtheshoppingcenter.C.FromtheBankofIreland.9.Howfaristhebank?A.Aboutfiveminutes’walk.B.Only100metersaway.C.Lessthanablockaway.10.Whatwillthewomandoattheendoftheconversation?-16- A.Showhimthewaytothebank.B.Helpthemangetthemoney.C.Drawamapfortheman.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whodislikesreadingfoodlabelswhileshopping?A.Thewoman’sfather.B.Theman.C.Thewoman.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheenjoysshoppingwithherfather.B.Shetruststheworkerswhomakethefood.C.Shewilldiscussthesametopicwiththeman.13.Whatwillthewomandecidetodolateron?A.Readfoodlabels.B.Neverreadfoodlabels.C.Distrustthefoodworkers.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.What’stheman’splanfortheweekend?A.Relaxingathome.B.Doingyardwork.C.Stayingwithfamily.15.WhatdoesthemanthinktheweatherwillbelikeonSaturday?A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Foggy.16.Howlongwillittakethemantocutthegrass?A.Abouthalfanhour.B.Aboutanhour.C.Aboutoneandahalfhours.17.Whichoneisabigjob?A.Tidyingupthegarden.B.Wateringtheflowers.C.Paintingthefence.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhatdoesDrYuancareaboutinhislife?A.Money.B.Research.C.Fame.19.HowdoesDrYuanfeelaboutmoney?A.Muchmoneyhasmoretroubles.B.Moneyiseverything.C.Moneyisuseless.20.What’sDrYuan’sdreamatpresent?A.Toproduceakindofricetofeedmorepeople.B.Todonatemoneytoresearchonagriculture.C.Toplanthisriceallovertheworld.第二部分阅读理解（共三节；满分55分）第一节单项选择（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。-16- ATonightandeverynight,homelessyoungpeoplewillbeonourstreets,tooafraidtosleep.Theirfearsfeelveryreal,asweknowfromourresearchthat3in10homelessyoungpeoplehavebeenphysicallyaffected.Andasweenterthecold,darkdepthsofwinter,it’sonlygettingmoredangerous.Gemmawasjust17whenshewasforcedtosleeponthestreet:“Iwasreallyfrightened.Ifeltveryweakbeingallonmyown.”Fortunately,GemmafoundsafetyatCentrepoint.Butrightnow,thousandsmoreyoungpeoplearestillindanger---aloneandfrightenedonourstreets.BybecomingaRoomSponsor（赞助者）forjust40penniesaday,youcouldhelpgiveanotheryoungpersonasafewarmroomandthesupporttheyneedtorecover.Weknowthattherightsupport,attherighttime,canchangeeverything.Infact,94%ofyoungpeoplemovedonfromCentrepointpositivelylastyear.Soyourgiftcouldhelpayoungpersonfeelhopefulatlast.AsGemmasays,“Idon’tknowwhereI’dbewithoutCentrepoint.Theyhelpedmethinkaboutmyfutureforthefirsttimeinyears.”PleasesponsoraroomandmakeyourmostimportantChristmasgift---abetterfutureforahomelessyoungperson.PleasesponsoraroomandmakethisChristmastheturningpointinayoungperson’slife.CALL:08004725733VISIT:centrepoint.org.uk/40pScantheQRcodeusingyoursmartphonecamera21.Accordingtothepassage,whatcanwelearnaboutGemma?A.Shehasbecomepositive.B.SheworksatCentrepoint.C.Sheisaroomsponsor.D.Shestillsleepsonthestreet.22.Centrepointissetupto______.A.helpparentstofindtheirlostchildrenB.providesupportforhomelessyoungpeopleC.encouragehopelesspeopletoliveindependentlyD.raisemoneyforthosesufferingfromsleeplessness23.Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A.Aschooltextbook.B.Awebpage.C.Alibraryguide.D.Ahealthmagazine.BScientistshavecreatedthefirstlab-growncoffee,whichtheysay“smellsandtastesliketherealthing”.TheFinland-basedresearchersusedaprocesscalledcellularagriculture,whichincludestakingoutcellsfromasmallplantoranimalsample（样本）.Inthelatestexampleoflab-grownoptions,cellsamplesweretakenfromArabica,apopularcoffeeplantthatmakesup56percentofglobalproduction.Withlab-growncoffee,theresearcherssaythattheycandealwithproblemsfacingtheglobalcoffeeindustry,suchasaneedforclearingspaceforcoffeeplantstokeepupwithanincreasingneedforthedrinkworldwide.TheresearchisbeingconductedatVTTTechnicalResearchCentrebasedinEspoo,Finland---thecountrythatdrinksthemostcoffeeperperson.“Theprocessusesrealcoffeeplantcells,”Dr.HeikoRischer,headofplantbiotechnologyatFinland’sVTTresearchcenter,said.“Atfirst,acellculture（细胞培养）isstartedfromaplantpart,forexample,aleaf.Theformedcellsreproducedonaspecificnutrientmedium.Intheend,thecellsaretransportedtoabioreactorfromwhichthebiomass（生物量）isthenharvested.Thecellsaredriedandroastedthencoffeecanbebrewed.”-16- ThefirstcollectionproducedbyVTTintheirlaboratorysmellsandtastesliketraditionalcoffee,accordingtotheresultsofa“sensoryanalysis（感官分析）”.Afterdrinkingacup,Dr.Rischersaid,“Thereisasurprisinglyfullsmell.Intermsofsmellandtaste,ourtrainedsensoryjudgementandanalyticalexaminationhasfoundthecoffeebearssimilaritytoordinarycoffee,”hesaid.“Theexperienceofdrinkingtheveryfirstcupwasexciting.”Theideathatcoffeecellscouldbeusedtomakecoffeewaspresentedbackin1974byplantscientistP.M.Townsley.ButtheVTTscientistshaveputthetheoryintopracticewiththeirlab-grownbrew,whichtheythinkcouldhitthemarketby2025.24.Whatmightbeoneofthecausesofcreatinglab-growncoffee?A.Dr.Heikohasbeendevotedtogeneticallyengineering.B.Thereexistsanincreasingdemandmarketofcoffee.C.PeopleinFinlanddrinkthemostamountofcoffee.D.Theideaisbasedonatheoryprovingtobepractical.25.Whatdoestheunderlineword“brewed”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Produced.B.Designed.C.Collected.D.Measured.26.Whatadvantagedoesthelab-growncoffeehaveoverthetraditionalone?A.Lab-growncoffeemakespeopledrinkingitmoreexcited.B.Lab-growncoffeecanbejudgedthroughpeople’ssenses.C.Lab-growncoffeetastesandsmellsbetterthanordinarycoffee.D.Lab-growncoffeecanbemadeinlabsandthereforesavespace.27.Whatisthemainpurposeofthisarticle?A.Topraisescientistsstickingwithcreation.B.Tosolvecoffeeshortagetroublingpeople.C.TointroduceanewkindofArabicacoffee.D.Topresentaresearchonman-madecoffee.CToprepareforreal-lifeemergencies,rescueteamsmustpractice.Theypracticeputtingonicesuits,workingwithropes,andusinghandsignalstocommunicate.Andoncethelakefreezes,theypracticeicerescue.Onatrainingday,afirefighterputsonhisicesuit.Hethenpushesairoutoftheicesuit.Ifnot,thetrappedairbubblecouldmakehimfloat.Hewalksoutontothefrozenlaketoplaytheroleofthe“victim（受害者）”.Heshakes,notfromcold,butworriesaboutnotknowingwhenhe’llfallthrough!Hisfirstseveralstepsfeelsolid.Theiceseemsthick.But28stepsin:Crack!Waterbeginstocomeinthroughtheice.Heslowsdown.At31steps---Plunk!Hefallsthroughtheice.Hekeepshismouthshutsohedoesn’tswallowanywater.It’stimetopretendhe’savictim,callingforhelpandstrugglinginthelake.Twomorefirefighters,attachedtotheonshoreteamwithropes,walkontothelake.Theystayondifferentpartsoftheiceincaseitbreaks,bothcarryingprotectiveequipmentlikeabeltoraboard.Meanwhile,onshoreteammemberswearinglifeveststalktothe“victim”tokeephimcalm.Neartheicehole,arescuerdropstoherbellyandmovesslowly.Thesecondrescuerrolls.Bothmethodsspreadouttheweightsotheydon’talsofallthroughtheice.Thefirefighterwiththeboardexplainsthatthey’retheretohelp.Shehandstheboardtothevictimandtellshimtocatchit.Thesecondfirefighterentersthewaterandtiesthebeltsecurelytothevictim.Hegivesasignalandtheonshorememberspullstherope.Astheropetightens,therescuerliftsthe-16- victim’slegssohe’sonhisbelly.Together,theysailacrosstheice.Oncethey’reonland,firefightersexchangeroles.Wheneveryfirefighterhashadaturnatrescuingandplaying“victim”,theyallputonwarm,dryclothesandheadbacktothestationforhotchocolate.28.Whydoesthe“victim”pushairoutofhisicesuitbeforeenteringwater?A.Towalkinthewater.B.Tosinkbeneaththeice.C.Tofloatonthesurface.D.Toapproachfirefighters.29.Duringthepractice,rescuemembersneedtodothefollowingEXCEPT______.A.stayapartontheicesurfaceB.walkasfastaspossibleoniceC.avoidsteppingontothethiniceD.carryprotectiveequipment30.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Icerescueonlyrequiresexcellentindividualskills.B.Therescuegroupperformsuchrescuepracticedaily.C.Thefirefighterstaketurnstoplaythepartof“victim”.D.Itisunnecessarytotalktothe“victim”duringtherescue.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.RescueonthiniceB.PracticeonicelandC.WaysofsavingpeopleD.BraveryoffirefightersDTesla,anelectriccarmaker,announcedasoftwareupdateinJulythatallowsgamestobeplayedonthecars’centraltouchscreenswhiletheyaremoving.Teslaregularlysendsupdates,muchlikeasmartphoneupdate.Atfirstitwasonlypossibletoplaygamesonthetouchscreenwhenthecarwasparked,butthishaschangedfollowingthe“2021.12.25.6”update,whichwassenttoownersintheUK,EuropeandtheUS.Driverscanplaygameswhilemoving.Anoticeappearsonthetouchscreenwhenagameisfirstchosenaskingtheplayertoprovethattheyarenotthedriver,butthiscanbeavoidedbysimplypressingthe“Iamapassenger”option.Teslahasprovokednegativeresponse.Roadsafetygroupssaythatevenifitisthepassengerratherthandriverplaying,thegametakesuptheentiretouchscreenandcouldtakethedriver’sattentionfromdriving.Peoplehaveexpressedworriesabouttheupdate.InoneYouTubevideo,bythechannelTheMegaWatts,whichmostlyreviewsnewTeslacharacters,adrivergoingthroughthelatestTeslaupdatesinhisModel3carisshockedtofindhecanplaygameswhiledrivingwithnoonesittinginthepassengerseat.TheupdateappearstobreakBritishlaw,whichstatesthatdriverscanonlyusescreenswhen“viewingdrivinginformationrelatedtothestateofthecaroritsequipment,whennavigation（导航）isshown,orwhenassistinginviewingtheroadaroundthecar”,andthatscreensusedforanythingelse“shouldnotbeseenbythedriverwhilethecarisbeingdriven”.IntheUStheNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministrationsaidthatitwaslookingintothenewupdateandwasindiscussionswithTeslaaboutthechanges.“Distraction-affected（分心造成的）crashesareaconcern,particularlyincarsequippedwithagroupofconveniencetechnologiessuchasentertainmentscreens,”itsaid.32.Whichofthefollowingcanproperlydescribethe“2021.12.25.6”update?-16- A.Itcanpromisesafetytodrivers’life.B.Itisactuallyakindofsmartphoneupdate.C.Itallowsdriverstoplaygameswhiledriving.D.Ithasbeenofferedtopeopleallovertheworld.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“provoked”inthethirdparagraphmean?A.Skipped.B.Exploded.C.Balanced.D.Caused.34.Whydoestheauthormentionadriverinthefourthparagraph?A.Toattractreaders’attentiontoYouTubevideos.B.ToindicatethepowerofthechannelTheMegaWatts.C.Togiveanexampletosupportthetopicofthisparagraph.D.TomakeacomparisonbetweenthelatestandthepastTeslaupdates.35.What’sthepublic’sattitudetowardsTesla’snewupdateaccordingtothepassage?A.Concerned.B.Amazed.C.Satisfied.D.Curious.第二节七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ManyregionsinChinahaveintroducedCOVID-19vaccination（接种疫苗）amongchildrenaged3to11.Kidsareencouragedtotakeitandtheprojectisprogressing,whichmightbeimportanttostoppingthespreadofthecoronavirus._____36_____.Whydochildrengetthesame dosage（剂量）asadults?Whenchildrengetsick,theyaregenerallygivenareduceddosage.ManyparentsareworriedthatthesameCOVID-19vaccinedosagewillbeaburdenonthesmallbody.Sothereisneedforproperdoseinchildren._____37_____.Theprocessofvaccinestakingeffecthasnorelationwiththeweightandbodysurfaceareaofthereceiver.Infact,forthemajorityofvaccines,therecommendeddosesforbothbabiesandadultsarethesame.Canchildrenhavefullimmunity（免疫力）afterreceivingtheCOVID-19vaccine?Someparentsdoubtwhethervaccinatingchildrenaged3to11canproducethedueimmuneeffectastheirimmunesystemsarestilldeveloping.Actually,vaccinescanworkexactlythesameinbothchildrenandadults.Thevaccinewillproduceanear100percentimmuneresponseinchildren.______38______.SothesamevaccinationstrategyhasbeenadoptedforallagegroupsinChina.______39______Avaccinehastogothroughastrictprocedurebeforebeingwidelyusedinaspecificagegroup.Enoughdataneedtobecollectedtogetemergencyuseorcomeontothemarket.Sothemedicalexperimentshavetobeconsideredinadvance.Chinahascarriedoutaseriesofsuchstudies.Basedonresearchresults,theriskofnegativereactionsinchildrenisnohigherthanthatofadults.______40______.Sofarthemostfrequentlyreportedthreenegativereactionsarefever,painandtiredness.Atpresent,thegovernmentisplanningtostudychildrenasyoungas6monthsoldinthefuture.A.Willthevaccineworkonchildrenforever?B.IstheCOVID-19vaccinesafeforchildren?C.Theviruswaseithercarriedbyapersonorwithgoods.D.However,thewaythevaccinesworkdiffersfromthatofotherdrugs.E.Someparentsfindthemselveshavingquestionsaboutthevaccination.F.Thishasalsobeenprovedtrueinmedicalexperimentsondifferentagegroups.-16- G.TheCOVID-19vaccinationforchildrenaged3to11hasbeeninprogressforsometime.第三节拓展阅读（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）根据《老人与海》、《呼啸山庄》小说内容，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。41.ThemostdirectthemeexpressedinTheOldManandtheSeais“______”A.Lifeislikethesea.B.Theoldman’srelationshipwiththesea.C.Manoughttofacefailurebravely.D.Peopleshouldnotbetoopersistentinthepursuitofsuccess.42.HowdoesHemingwaydescribeSantiago’seyes?A.Theyarefullofpain.B.Theyareblankwithdefeat.C.Theybetraythewearinessofhissoul.D.Theyarethecolorofthesea.43.FromthenovelWutheringHeights,wecanconcludethat______.A.CatherinelovesEdgarmorethanshelovesHeathcliffB.Catherinecan’tmarryHeathcliffbecauseshedislikeshimC.HeathcliffleavesbecausehethinksCatherinedoesn’tlovehimandhemisunderstandsherD.deepinsideHeathcliff’sheartheknowsthatCatherinedoeseverythingforhisgood44.ThenameofHeathcliff’shouseisnamedWutheringHeightsjustbecauseWutheringmeans______.A.windyB.sunnyC.rainyD.snowy45.IsabellafellinlovewithHeathcliffbecause______.A.hebehavedanddressedlikeagentlemanB.hewaskindtoherC.shelikedhiswildpassionatenatureD.shewantedtoleaveThrushcrossGrange第三部分语言运用（共三节；满分50分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In2012,Susan,asinglemother,wasoutofwork.Lastyear,she46hereldestdaughterforeverinanaccident.Sincethen,shehasbeenleadinga(n)47life.Oneday,withonly$7inherpocketsheheadedintothegrocerystorewithher12-year-olddaughter,Annie,whenthey48adollarbillintheparkinglot.Maybethiswastheirday,theytoldeachother.49theyboughtalottery（彩票）ticketandwon$100.But50theycouldspendtheirlotterywinnings,Anniehadanidea.Intheircitythatweektherehadbeenstoriesaboutapoliceofficer,Bruce,shotinthe51onduty.Hewasindanger.Annieandhermotherhadneverforgottenhowkindthepolicehadbeenaftertheirownfamilymemberdied.Susansays“Theycametoseemy52.Theywerefathers,friends...”AnniewantedtogivethemoneytoOfficerBruce’sfamily.Hermom53agreed.Susancalledthepoliceandmadea54donation.Movedbyher55,theofficersdidwhattheycould.They56Susan.Whenknowingthefamily’spurpose,theofficerscouldnotbelieveit.“Weencouragedhertokeepthemoney,”thedepartmentlaterexplained.“Sherefused,sayingthepoliceneededtoknowtheywere57.”-16- Thatfeelingofsupportwastwo-way.Thepolice58aGoFundMeforSusan,meaning“TheWomanwiththeHeartofGold.”ByJanuary11,2021,theyhad59$165,405.Evenbetter:OfficerBruce,whohada1percentchanceof60,isoutofhospitalandrecovering,thoughhesometimessuffersfromthewoundinthehead.46.A.recoveredB.tendedC.lostD.challenged47.A.amazingB.efficientC.normalD.tough48.A.approachedB.foundC.desiredD.exchanged49.A.SoB.SinceC.ButD.However50.A.untilB.whenC.beforeD.after51.A.lapB.headC.armD.foot52.A.partnersB.housesC.kidsD.pets53.A.joyfullyB.hardlyC.slightlyD.personally54.A.thoroughB.publicC.regularD.secret55.A.curiosityB.honestyC.generosityD.beauty56.A.searchedoutB.smoothedoutC.broughtoutD.pointedout57.A.comfortedB.contactedC.awardedD.supported58.A.pickedupB.setupC.endedupD.pulledup59.A.recollectedB.roseC.raisedD.sought60.A.memoryB.surgeryC.lossD.survival第二节短文填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。“Hello,everyone!WelcometoTiangongClass.”Withthisgreeting,61._________speciallecturebeganonTiangongspacestationonDec9.Lastingforaboutanhour,thespacelecture62._________(broadcast)livetostudents.ThreeastronautsfromtheShenzhouXIIIgavethelecture,showingthespacestation63._________theyliveandworkandconductingsomeinterestingexperiments.ThisisthesecondlivespacelectureinChina.64.__________(compare)withtheclasseightyearsago,thisyear’sspacelectureisgreatlydifferent.The“classroom”is65._________(big).ThisyearWangYapinggavethespacelectureintheTianhespacecoremodule(核心舱),66._________isthebiggestspacecraftdevelopedbyChina.Thequalityofspace-to-ground67._________(communicate)isalsomuchimproved.Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,thewholelecturehasrunsmoothly.ThesechangesshowthatChinesespaceindustry68._________(make)greatprogressinthepasteightyears.Alongwiththetechnologicalprogress,thisyear’sspacelecturecoveredmoretopics.69.__________varioustopics,theaimbehindthelectureshasneverchanged.Thespacelecturesaimtospreadknowledgeandinspireinterestinscienceamongyoungpeople.70.__________(hope),spaceactivitiescanhelpthembuildthespiritofexploringscienceandfacingchallenges.第三节单句填空(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)根据所给汉语句子，在空格里填上合适的单词，使整个句子句意完整，语法正确；每空一词。(注意：答案必须和课本原文原句一致)71.你是否觉得，你已经无法在任何事情上与他们达成一致？Doyoufeelthatyoujustcannot_______________________________________themonanything?-16- 72.基于一个真实的故事，这部电影是以二十世纪三十年代的伦敦为背景的。Basedonatruestory,thefilm_______________________Londoninthe1930s.73.可是上周六，她让我伤心了，我到现在还在收拾心情。ButlastSaturday,shebrokemyheart,andI’mstill________________thepieces.74.锻炼过程中别忘了喝水，以弥补出汗损耗的水分。Remembertodrinkthroughoutexerciseto________________________waterlosttosweat.75.“你要去哪里？”“你什么时候回来？”他们总是跟在我背后烦扰我。“Whereareyougoing?”“Whenwillyoubeback?”They’realways_______________________aboutsomething.76.我相信你们有能力对你们的家庭、社区、国家产生影响。Ihaveconfidenceinyourabilityto________________________toyourfamily,toyourcommunityandtoyourcountry.77.和真正的朋友在一起，我们可以自由地最大限度地分享快乐和悲伤。Withtruefriends,wefeelfreetoshareourjoyandsadness________________________.78.关于你的外表的负面思绪可能会像乌云一样一直笼罩着你，让你忧心忡忡。Darkthoughtsaboutyourphysicalappearancecan________________youallthetimelikearaincloud.79.我最近感觉有点不舒服：全身疲惫而且不在状态。I’vebeenfeelingabit________________________recently:generallytiredandnotmyself.80.我今天的讲座，可能无法对所有的幕后工作者给予公正的评价。Mylecturetodaymaynotbeableto________________________alltheworkpeoplehavedonebehindthescenes.第四部分应用文写作（满分15分）假设你是高一学生李华，你在网站上看到一则为扬州的一家敬老院招聘青年志愿者的广告。你很感兴趣，准备写一封应聘信。内容包括：你申请的理由；你的特长；相关的经历。注意：1.词数80左右；2.开头、落款已给出，不计入总词数。DearSir/Madam,I’mLiHua,astudentofSeniorOne,learningthatyouthvolunteersforalocalnursinghomeinYangzhouareneededfromanonlineadvertisement.▲▲Yourssincerely,LiHua-16- 扬州市2021-2022学年第一学期期末调研测试参考答案第一部分听力（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1.A2.A3.C4.B5.A6.A7.B8.A9.A10.C11.C12.B13.A14.B15.A16.B17.C18.B19.A20.C第二部分阅读理解（共三节；满分55分）第一节单项选择（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）21-23ABB24-27BADD28-31BBCA32-35CDCA第二节七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）36-40EDFBG第三节拓展阅读（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）41-45CDCAA第三部分语言运用（共三节；满分50分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）46-50CDBAC51-55BCADC56-60ADBCD第二节短文填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）61.a62.wasbroadcast/wasbroadcasted63.where64.Compared65.bigger66.which67.communication68.hasmade/hasbeenmaking69.Despite70.Hopefully第三节单句填空(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)71.seeeyetoeyewith72.issetin73.pickingup74.makeupfor75.onmyback76.makeadifference77.infullmeasure78.hangover79.undertheweather80.dojusticeto第四部分应用文写作（满分15分）DearSir/Madam,I’mLihua,astudentofSeniorOne,learningthatyouthvolunteersforalocalnursinghomeinYangzhouareneededfromanonlineadvertisement.I’mwritingtoapplyforthisposition.Asamodernseniorhighstudent,I’mfirmlyconvincedthatI’mqualifiedforthejob.Firstly,Ihavevarioushobbies,rangingfrompaintingtocalligraphy,confidentofentertainingtheelderlyandgivingthemhelpasrequired.What’smore,Ihaveanextensiveknowledgeofpsychology,whichwillprovehelpfulincommunicatingwiththeelderly.Inaddition,havingbeeninvolvedinseveralvoluntaryprograms,Ireallyenjoybringingjoyandcomforttotheagedandbrighteninguptheirdays.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldoffermetheopportunity.（96words）-16- Yourssincerely,LiHua扬州市2021-2022学年第一学期期末调研测试答案详解阅读理解A篇21.A细节理解题。根据第二段AsGemmasays,“Idon’tknowwhereI’dbewithoutCentrepoint.Theyhelpedmethinkaboutmyfutureforthefirsttimeinyears.”可知，Gemma在Centrepoint的帮助下过着积极乐观的生活。22.B细节理解题。由文中“Weknowthattherightsupport,attherighttime,canchangeeverything.”“PleasesponsoraroomandmakeyourmostimportantChristmasgift---abetterfutureforahomelessyoungperson.”以及“PleasesponsoraroomandmakethisChristmastheturningpointinayoungperson’slife.”可知，Centrepoint旨在帮助无家可归的年轻人。23.B推理判断题。通读全文且结合排除法可知，文章出自一个网页。B篇24.B由第一段最后一句话Withlab-growncoffee,theresearcherssaythattheycandealwithproblemsfacingtheglobalcoffeeindustry,suchasaneedforclearingspaceforcoffeeplantstokeepupwithanincreasingneedforthedrinkworldwide.可知，这种新型咖啡生产方式可以解决人们对咖啡日益增长的需求。25.A由第三段第一句话ThefirstcollectionproducedbyVTTintheirlaboratorysmellsandtastesliketraditionalcoffee,accordingtotheresultsofa“sensoryanalysis（感官分析）”.可知词义为produced。26.D由第三段最后一句话“Theexperienceofdrinkingtheveryfirstcupwasexciting.”可知选项A是偷换概念；选项B并非lab-growncoffee的优势；由第三段第二句话“Thereisasurprisinglyfullsmell.Intermsofsmellandtaste,ourtrainedsensoryjudgementandanalyticalexaminationhasfoundthecoffeebearssimilaritytoordinarycoffee,”可知，lab-growncoffee味道和传统咖啡差不多；由第一段最后一句话Withlab-growncoffee,theresearcherssaythattheycandealwithproblemsfacingtheglobalcoffeeindustry,suchasaneedforclearingspaceforcoffeeplantstokeepupwithanincreasingneedforthedrinkworldwide.可知D正确。27.D文中反复提到research，是展示一项关于咖啡生产的研究。C篇28.B由第二段第二句话Hethenpushesairoutoftheicesuit.Ifnot,thetrappedairbubblecouldmakehimfloat.可知，消防员假扮的“victim”将服装里面空气排出，是为了防止在水中浮起。29.B由第二段“victim”在冰上小心翼翼的行为Hisfirstseveralstepsfeelsolid.Theiceseemsthick.以及常识可以推断出C；由第三段bothcarryingprotectiveequipmentlikeabeltoraboard-16- 可知D；由第三段Theystayondifferentpartsoftheiceincaseitbreaks可知A；由第三段Neartheicehole,arescuerdropstoherbellyandmovesslowly.可知B是不能做的。30.C由最后一段Oncethey’reonland,firefightersexchangeroles.Wheneveryfirefighterhashadaturnatrescuingandplaying“victim,”可知C正确。31.A本文关键词icerescue。D篇32.C推理判断题。根据第二段“Anoticeappearsonthetouchscreenwhenagameisfirstchosenaskingtheplayertoprovethattheyarenotthedriver,butthiscanbeavoidedbysimplypressingthe“Iamapassenger”option.”可知，通过欺骗手段冒充乘客，特斯拉司机可以边开车边玩游戏。33.D词义猜测题。根据第三段“Roadsafetygroupssaythatevenifitisthepassengerratherthandriverplaying,thegametakesuptheentiretouchscreenandcouldtakethedriver’sattentionfromdriving.”（道路安全组织认为，即使乘客而不是司机在玩游戏，由于游戏占据整个触控屏，它仍有可能分散驾驶员的注意力。）可知，特斯拉的此次软件更新引起了负面的反响。故“provoked”的意思是“caused”。34.C推理判断题。作者在第四段中以一个司机为例，是为了支撑本段的主题句“Peoplehaveexpressedworriesabouttheupdate.”。35.A推理判断题。由第二、三、四、五段内容可知特斯拉的此次软件更新引发了公众对行驶安全的担忧。七选五36-40EDFBG36.根据下面的几个标题得知是家长们关于疫苗接种的几个疑惑的概述，故选择E选项。37.这题是段中句，本段讲家长对儿童接种疫苗的剂量的疑惑，D项However一词引出下文疫苗的工作原理和普通药物不一样，从而帮家长解除剂量的疑惑与担心，因此答案选D。38.此段讲的是家长对孩子疫苗接种后的免疫力效果的疑惑，38空前讲述的是儿童疫苗接种后的免疫力效果几乎会达100%，F项中This一词引出在实际在医学实践中已得到证明，故本题选F。39.此处是小标题，首先按照全文来看应选一个问句，其次根据本段最后一句theriskofnegativereactionsinchildrenisnohigherthanthatofadults可以看出此段讲述的是儿童疫苗接种的安全与否问题，故选B。40.此处进行总结，3-11岁儿童疫苗接种已开展，与最后一句Atpresent,thegovernmentisplanningtostudychildrenasyoungas6monthsoldinthefuture.前后呼应，故选G。完形填空46.根据下文“Sincethen,shehasbeenleadinga(n)47toughlife.”可知此处用lost,意为“在事故中失去了大女儿”。故选择C。47.根据上文可知Susan不仅失业还失去了大女儿，所以过着艰苦的生活。故选择D。48.根据上下文可知这对母女在停车场发现了一张钞票，用“found”。故选择B。49.根据上文“Maybethiswastheirday，”可知，母女二人觉得那天是她们的好日子，所以决定买彩票。故选A。50.根据下文叙述可知在她们还没计划好如何花这笔钱之前，Annie有了想法。故选择C。51.根据下文“Hewasindanger.”和文章结尾“...thoughhesometimessuffersfromthewoundinthehead.”可知此处是头部“head”中枪。故选择B。52.根据母亲Susan所说“Theycametoseemy52.Theywerefathers,”可知此处用“kids”符合说话者意图。故选择C。53.根据上文“...Anniehadanidea.”和文中妈妈的话可知当女儿Annie提出建议，妈妈欣然同意，-16- “joyfully”意为高兴地。故选择A。46.根据下文“They56searchedoutSusan.”警察寻找到Susan可知当时Susan秘密地捐款，用“secret”。故选D。47.“generosity”意为慷慨。故选择C。48.“searchsb/sthout”意为找到，查到。故选择A。49.根据下文“Thatfeelingofsupport...”可知。故选择D。50.根据上下文可知，警察成立setup“GoFundMe”基金会，帮助Susan。故选择B。51.根据上文可知此处用“raised”意为筹款。故选择C。52.全文讲述一个好心有好报的温情故事。Bruce头部中枪，处于危险，那时生存“survival”的几率仅有百分之一，但现在已经出院并正在康复，尽管他有时头部不舒服。故选择D。语法填空53.a考查冠词。句意：随着一声问候，一场特别的讲座于12月9日在天宫空间站开始了。62.wasbroadcast/wasbroadcasted考查时态语态。句意：向学生们进行了现场直播。63.where考查定语从句，修饰先行词thespacestation。句意：神舟十三号的三名宇航员做了讲座，展示了他们生活和工作的空间站，并进行了一些有趣的实验。64.Compared考查非谓语动词。句意：与八年前的课堂相比，今年的太空讲座大不相同。65.bigger考查形容词。句意：今年的教室更大。66.which考查定语从句，修饰先行词theTianhespacecoremodule。句意：今年，王亚萍在天和核心舱进行了太空讲座,这是中国研制的最大的航天器。67.communication考查名词。句意：天地间的通信质量也大大提高。68.hasmade/hasbeenmaking考查时态。句意：这些变化表明，中国航天工业在过去八年中取得了巨大进步。69.Despite考查介词。句意：尽管话题不同，但讲座的目的从未改变。70.Hopefully考查副词。句意：希望太空活动能帮助他们培养探索科学、面对挑战的精神。应用文写作一、评分标准1.总体要求：1.本题总分为15分，按五个档次进行评分。评分时，主要从内容要点、语言表达两个方面考查。2.评分时，应先根据作答的整体情况确定其所属的档次，然后以该档次的要求来综合衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。3.评分时还应注意:（1）词数少于60和多于100的，从总分中扣2分。（2）单词拼写和标点符号是写作规范的重要方面，评分时应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。（3）书写较差以致影响交际的，酌情扣分。2.各档次给分范围第五档（13-15分）1.写出全部合理的内容要点。2.使用多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构的句子，表达流畅，语言很少错误且完全不影响理解。第四档（10-12分）1.写出大部分合理的内容要点。2.使用多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构的句子，表达基本流畅，语言有少量错误但不太影响理解:第三档（7-9分）-16- 1.写出部分合理的内容要点。2.使用一些恰当的词汇和语法结构的句子，表达不够流畅，语言有些错误，对理解有些影响。第二档（4-6分）1.写出少量合理内容要点。2.使用简单的词汇和语法结构的句子，表达不流畅，语言有较多错误，严重影响理解。第一档（0-3分）1.只写出一个合理内容要点或从试卷上抄袭无关内容。2.所用的词汇和语法结构低级且错误很多，非常严重影响理解。二、试题分析：本篇应用文要求学生李华对网站上为扬州的一家敬老院招聘青年志愿者的一则广告写一封应聘信，并说明申请的理由，自身特长及相关的经历。三、解题思路第一步：审题和写作要求：体裁：email邮件/信件（格式已写好）。时态：行文时可能用到一般过去时，一般现在时或一般将来时等，只要时态安排合理都可得分。要点：①告知对方你对此则广告感兴趣并想应聘的理由；3分②阐述自己的特长；5分③介绍自己相关做志愿者的经历或感受。4分④表达你的感谢与期盼。3分⑤第二步：Possibleversion听力原文Text1W:Whattimeisyourtrainleaving?M:Itleavesat10.I’vegot50minutesleft.W:You’dbetterhurry,oryouwon’tbeabletocatchit.Text2M:Mary,howareyougoingtoXiamenforthesummervacation?W:I’mgoingbytrain.Text3M:CanIleavenow?W:Sure,Jack.Butremembertopaymoreattentiontoyourwork,oryouwon’tpassthefinalexams.Text4W:Bill,that’salovelypaintinginyourlivingroom.M:I’mgladyoulikeit.It’saChristmasgiftfrommyson.Text5M:Doyouwanttocomeovertonight?Myparentsareatarestaurant,soI’mgoingtowatchamovie.W:OK.Ijustneedtofinishmyhomeworkfirst.Text6W:Goodmorning,MrCroft.M:Goodmorning,nurse.Iwanttoseethedentist,please.W:Doyouhaveanappointment?M:No,Idon’t.-16- W:Isiturgent?M:Yes,itis.It’sveryurgent.Ifeelawful.Ihaveaterribletoothache.W:Canyoucomeat10amonMonday,April24th?M:Imustseethedentistnow,nurse.W:Thedentistisverybusyatthemoment.Canyoucomeat2:00pm?M:That’sverylate.Can’tthedentistseemenow?W:I’mafraidthathecan’t,MrCroft.Can’tyouwaittillthisafternoon?M:Icanwait,butmytoothachecan’t!Text7M:Excuseme,canyoutellmehowtoreachthebank?W:Whichbank?TheAlliedIrishBankortheBankofIreland?M:IhaveanATBpasscardandIwanttodrawsomemoney.W:YouneedtogototheAlliedIrishBankwhichisnearthelocalshoppingcenter.M:HowdoIgetthere?W:Crosstheroadandturnleft.Walkalongthefootpathuntilyouseeashoppingcenter.Turnrightaftertheshoppingcenter.Keepgoingstraightforabout100metersandthebankistoyourleft.Itsoundsalittlebitdifficult.It’saboutfiveminutes’walkfromhere.Icandrawamapforyouifyouwish.M:Oh,Iwouldreallyappreciatethat.Text8M:Doyoureadfoodlabels?W:Idon’treally,butmyfatherisusedtoreadingfoodlabelsandIhategoingshoppingwithhimbecauseIhavetowaitforhoursuntilhefinishesreadingthelabels.Howaboutyou?M:Ireadfoodlabels.IfIdon’treadthefoodlabel,Idon’tknowwhat’sinthefood.Isthatnotaproblemforyou?W:Iguessitis,butIguessItrustthepeoplethatmakethefood.Butwhatdoyouthink?ShouldInottrustthepeoplethatmakeourfoodanymore?M:Youshouldtrustthem,butmaybetherearethingsinthefoodthatyoudon’twanttogointoyourbody.W:That’sareallyinterestingtopic.M:Yeah.W:Yeah,IthinkI’llstartreadingthelabelsfromnowon.Text9W:Areyoulookingforwardtotheweekend?M:Notreally.Ihavetodoalotofyardwork.I’vegottocutthegrass.Thegrassisgettingtall.I’lldothatfirstonSaturday.It’sprobablynotgoingtorainonFridayorSaturday.W:Howlongwillthattake?M:It’sabigyardandthemachineisold,soit’llprobablytakeaboutanhour.W:Whatwillyoudoafterthat?M:AfterIcutthegrass,Ihavetowatertheflowers.That’snotlikelygoingtotakelong.W:Great.So,afterthat,you’llbetired.Youcanrelax!M:BeforeIrelax,I’llpaintthefence.Myhoneykeepsbeggingmetodothat.W:Thereisnodoubtthatittakesalongtime,right?That’sabigjob.M:Yes,andwhilethepaintisdrying,I’lltidyupthegarden.W:Ihopethatyouwillhavetimeforrelaxing.Text10DrYuanisquitesatisfiedwithhislife.However,hedoesn’tcareaboutbeingfamous.Hefeelsitgiveshimlessfreedomtodohisresearch.Hewouldmuchratherkeeptimeforhishobbies.Heenjoyslisteningtoviolinmusic,playingmahjong,swimmingandreading.Spendingmoneyonhimselforleadingacomfortablelifealsomeansverylittletohim.Indeed,hebelievesthatapersonwithtoomuch-16- moneyhasmoreratherthanfewertroubles.Hethereforegivesmillionsofyuantoequipothersfortheirresearchonagriculture.LongagoDrYuanhadadreamaboutriceplantsastallassorghum.DrYuanawokefromhisdreamwiththehopeofproducingakindofricethatcouldfeedmorepeople.NowDrYuanhasanotherdream:toexporthisricesothatitcanbegrownaroundtheglobe.-16-