上海市2021届高三秋考押题英语密卷05 Word版含解析

20届上海市高三秋考押题英语密卷05（满分115分）第I卷（共100分）II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Asmorepeopleacrosstheworldareencouragedtoworkfromhome,televisednews,socialmediaandonlineforums____1____(combine)caneitherbeanenlighteningorfear-mongeringsourceofinformation.____2____socialdistancingnowathing,onecanonlylookattheirphoneorlaptopsomanytimesadayforaccurateupdatesaboutthespreadofCOVID-19.Fortunately,afewtechenthusiastsarelookingtomakeacontribution____3____(eradicate)thespreadofthevirus,usinganappbackedbydatafromofficialhealthorganizationsandmedicalinstitutes.RtrNipunaRambukkanage,PresidentofTheRotaryDistrict3220,notedthatheandhisteamponderedoverthesituationofthenationandcameupwith____4____theyrecognizedasthe‘dealsolution’—amobileapplicationsystemcalled‘TracktheSpread’.ThesystemcanbeusedtosupporttheGovernmenttocontrolCOVID-19bystoringandanalyzingdetailsofthequarantinedpersons,andthepublichealthofficials(PHI).PHIscanusetheirapptocheckthelocationofthequarantinedpersonsandmonitortheiractivities.Healthofficialswillgettheopportunity____5____theabilitytomonitorquarantinedpeoplewithoutphysicallyvisitingthem,giveinstructionsandkeepintouchwiththem.ThemainchallengeRambukkanageandhisteam____6____(face)inbuilding‘TracktheSpread’wasinfindingtalentedundergraduates____7____readingdegreesarerelatedtoComputerScience.TheyalsoneededtogetthegreenlightfromtheGovernmenttoputthisappintopractice.AftervisitingtheMinistryofHealth,MinistryofDefence,MedicalOfficersforHealthandPublicHealthInspectors.theyfinallytriumphedontheirwell-deservedvictory.“Wewantedtomakethelivesofpeopleinquarantineeasier,____8____(provide)themvariousbenefitsbecausepeopleinquarantinehavemanyneedsandtheyneedconstantcare.Therefore,wewantedtopresentthemamobileapplicationtofulfilltheirday-to-dayneedssuchasbanking,orderingmedicineandcheckingtheirhealthstatusdaily.AndthesecondobjectivewastoreducetheriskofPublicHealthInspectors____9____monitoringquarantined,people.Toincreasetheeffectivenessoftheirservice,wewantedtoprovidethemwithamobileapplicationtoeffectivelydotheirinvestigations.Theteam_____10_____(apply)forcopyrightsforthesoftwaresystemandarehopingtoreceivethecopyrightssoon.【答案】1.combined2.With3.toeradicate4.what5.suchas6.faced7.whose8.providing9.when10.hasapplied【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。随着世界各地越来越多的人被鼓励在家工作，电视新闻、社交媒体和在线论坛结合在一起，既可以成为具有启发性的信息来源，也可以成为制造恐惧的信息来源。幸运的是，一些科技爱好者正在寻找一款由官方卫生组织和医疗机构数据支持的应用程序，为根除病毒的传播做出贡献。【1题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着世界各地越来越多的人被鼓励在家工作，电视新闻、社交媒体和在线论坛结合在一起，既可以成为具有启发性的信息来源，也可以成为制造恐惧的信息来源。分析句子结构可知，combine在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语televisednews,socialmediaandonlineforums构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填combined。【2题详解】考查介词。句意：随着社交距离成为现实，人们每天只能多次查看手机或笔记本电脑，以获取COVID-19传播的准确信息。此处表示“随着”，应用介词with，句首单词首字母要大写。故填With。【3题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：幸运的是，一些科技爱好者正在寻找一款由官方卫生组织和医疗机构数据支持的应用程序，为根除病毒的传播做出贡献。结合句意表示“为做某事做出贡献”可知，短语为makeacontributiontodosth.。故填toeradicate。【4题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：3220扶轮地区主席RtrNipunaRambukkanage指出，他和他的团队思考了这个国家的情况，并提出了他们认为的“解决方案”——一个名为“追踪传播”的移动应用系统。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指物，应用what引导。故填what。【5题详解】,考查固定短语。句意：卫生官员将获得机会，例如能够监测被隔离的人，而无需亲自探访他们，给予指示并与他们保持联系。结合句意表示“例如”短语为suchas。故填suchas。【6题详解】考查动词时态。句意：Rambukkanage和他的团队在创建“追踪传播”项目时面临的主要挑战是寻找阅读学位与计算机科学相关的有才华的本科生。此处为省略了关系词的定语从句，根据后文was可知，应用一般过去时。故填faced。【7题详解】考查定语从句。句意：Rambukkanage和他的团队在创建“追踪传播”项目时面临的主要挑战是寻找阅读学位与计算机科学相关的有才华的本科生。此处为定语从句，修饰先行词undergraduates，先行词在从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。【8题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们想让被隔离的人的生活更轻松，为他们提供各种好处，因为被隔离的人有很多需求，他们需要持续的照顾。分析句子结构可知，provide在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语we构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填providing。【9题详解】考查状语从句。句意：第二个目标是在监测被隔离者时减少公共卫生检查员的风险。引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，应用when。故填when。【10题详解】考查动词时态。句意：该团队已经为该软件系统申请了版权，并希望很快获得版权。表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，应用现在完成时，主语为Theteam，助动词用has。故填hasapplied。SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.temptingB.trulyC.sensibleD.inflationE.implementF.innovationG.regulatorsH.liberalizingI.excessiveJ.leavesK.imposesAllaroundtheworld,lawyersgeneratemorehostilitythanthemembersofanyotherprofession---withthepossibleexceptionofjournalism.ButtherearefewplaceswhereclientshavemoregroundsforcomplaintthanAmerica.Duringthedecadebeforetheeconomiccrisis,spendingonlegalservicesinAmericagrewtwiceasfastas____11____.Thebestlawyersmadeskyscrapers-fullofmoney,____12____evermorestudentstopileintolaw,schools.Butmostlawgraduatesnevergetabig-firmjob.Therearemanyreasonsforthis.Oneisthe____13____costsofalegaleducation.ThereisjustonepathforalawyerinmostAmericanstates:afour-yearundergraduatedegreeatoneof200lawschoolsauthorizedbytheAmericanBarAssociationandanexpensivepreparationforthebarexam.This____14____today’saveragelaw-schoolgraduatewith$100,000ofdebtontopofundergraduatedebts.Reformingthesystemwouldhelpbothlawyersandtheircustomers.____15____ideashavebeenaroundforalongtime,butthestate-levelbodiesthatgoverntheprofessionhavebeentooconservativeto____16____them.Oneideaistoallowpeopletostudylawasanundergraduatedegree.Anotheristoletstudentssitforthebarafteronlytwoyearsoflawschool.Ifthebarexamis____17____asternenoughtestforawould-belawyer,thosewhocansititearliershouldbeallowedtodoso.Studentswhodonotneedtheextratrainingcouldcuttheirdebtmountainbyathird.Theotherreasonwhycostsaresohighistherestrictiveguild-likeownershipstructureofthebusiness.Non-lawyersmaynotownanyshareofalawfirm,whichkeepsfeeshighand____18____slow.Thereispressureforchangefromwithintheprofession,butopponentsofchangeamongthe____19____insistthatkeepingoutsidersoutofalawfirmisolateslawyersfromthepressuretomakemoneyratherthanserveclientsethically.Infact,allowingnon-lawyerstoownsharesinlawfirmswouldreducecostsandimproveservicestocustomers,byencouraginglawfirmstousetechnologyandtoemployprofessionalmanagers.Afterall,othercountries,suchasAustraliaandBritain,havestarted_____20_____theirlegalprofessions.Americashouldfollow.【答案】11.D12.A13.I14.J15.C16.E17.B18.F19.G20.H【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章就律师费用过高以及律师和客户之间敌对关系的问题进行分析，最终总结出解决办法是通过鼓励律师事务所使用技术，并聘请专业管理人员，专注于提高律师事务所的效率。【11题详解】考查名词。句意：在经济危机之前的十年间，美国法律服务支出的增长速度是通货膨胀的两倍。分析句子，该空需要一个名词作介词的宾语，D项inflation为名词，意为“通货膨胀”，符合句意。故选D项。【12题详解】,考查非谓语动词。句意：最好的律师赚得盆满钵满，吸引着越来越多的学生涌入法学院。分析句子，该空需要一个动词作结果状语，前面表示律师收入很高，A项tempting意为“吸引，诱惑”符合句意。故选A项。【13题详解】考查形容词。句意：一是法律教育费用过高。分析句子，该空需填一个形容词作定语，I项形容词excessive意为“过分的，极度的”符合句意。故选I项。【14题详解】考查动词。句意：这使得今天的法学院毕业生平均背负着10万美元的债务，超过了本科生的债务。该空需填一个动词作谓语，应使用单三形式，J项leaves意为“留给”符合句意。故选J项。【15题详解】考查形容词。句意：明智的想法已经存在很长一段时间了，但是管理该职业的州级机构过于保守，无法实施它们。分析句子，该空需填一个形容词作定语修饰名词ideas，C项sensible意为“明智的；通情达理的”，符合句意。故选C项。【16题详解】考查动词。句意：明智的想法已经存在很长一段时间了，但是管理该职业的州级机构过于保守，无法实施它们。分析句子，该空需填一个动词，E项implement动词词义为“贯彻，实施”，符合句意。故选E项。【17题详解】考查副词。句意：如果律师考试对一个准律师来说真的是一个足够严厉的考试，那么那些能提前参加的人应该被允许参加。分析句子，该空需要副词，B项truly意为“真地”，符合句意。故选B项。【18题详解】考查名词。句意：非律师可能不拥有律师事务所的任何股份，这使得费用高昂，创新缓慢。分析句子结构，该空需要一个名词与fees并列作keep的宾语，F项名词innovation意为“创新”符合句意。故选F项。【19题详解】考查名词。句意：律师行业内部存在要求变革的压力，但监管机构中反对变革的人士坚持认为，将外部人士排除在律师事务所之外，会使律师免受赚钱的压力，而不是在道德上为客户服务。分析句子，该空需要一个名词作介词among的宾语，G项regulators名词意为“管理者，管理机构”符合句意。故选G项。【20题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：毕竟，其他国家，如澳大利亚和英国，已经开始自由化他们的法律职业。分析句子，该空需填一个动名词或不定式形式作started的宾语，H项liberalizing意为“使…自由化”符合句意。故选H项。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionA,Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Where'swinter?AnumberofcountriesjustwitnessedtheirwarmestJanuaryeverrecorded.It'snotjustyou—Januarywas________thanusualformanypartsoftheworld.TheglobaltemperaturelastmonthwaswarmerthaneverypreviousJanuaryonrecord,just____22____outthepreviousrecordfromJanuary2016,theCopernicusClimateChangeServicereported.AndinEurope,itwasthewarmestJanuaryeverrecordedat0.2ºCwarmerthanthepreviousrecordin2007,the EuropeanUnion'ssystemfor____23____theEarthsaid.Theriseisevenmore____24____throughthelensofhistory—____25____totheaverageJanuarytemperatureinthepre-industrialyearsbeforethe20thcentury,itwasabout1.4degreesCelsius(2.7degreesFahrenheit)warmer.Lastmonth,temperaturesinEuropewerewarmerthanthe1981-2010Januaryaverage,especiallyoverpartsofnorthernEurope,thereportsaid.Someareasweremorethan6°Cabovetheaverage,____26____overall,itwas3.1°CwarmerthantheaverageJanuaryinthattimeperiod.ItalsobroughtthewarmestJanuarydayeverrecordedinNorway,whichsawthesecondwarmestJanuaryoverallsince1900.AndinCentralandsouthernFinland,itwasitswarmestJanuaryrecordedsince1961.Theheatwave____27____toseveralpartsofRussia,too.TemperaturesfromeastofGreenlandtothenorthwestofSvalbardwerewarmer,andhadbelow-averagesea-icecover.____28____,lastyearwas0.59°Cwarmerthanthe1981-2010average.That'sthesecondwarmestyearonrecord.Thewarmest12-monthperiodremainsOctober2015toSeptember2016,whereitwas0.66°C____29____1981-2010.Thoseaveragesarepushingglobaltemperatures____30____toredlinessetbybothclimatescientistsandworldleaders.Scientistshave____31____thatglobaltemperaturesshouldbekeptwellbelow2degreesCelsius(3.6degreesFahrenheit)of____32____.Theinternationalcommunity,asoutlinedthroughtheParisClimateAgreement,statedthatparticipatingcountrieswould____33____tokeepglobalwarminglimitedto1.5degreesCelsius.But____34____witharisesincepre-industrialtemperatures,lastmonth'saverageisbetween1.2and1.4degCofwarming—puttingitneartheParisClimateAgreement's____35____..A.coolerB.rainierC.sunnierD.toastier22.A.leavingB.edgingC.findingD.checking23.A.improvingB.revealingC.monitoringD.changing24.A.strikingB.uniqueC.commonD.realistic25.A.contrastB.contraryC.subjectD.compared26.A.butB.andC.orD.furthermore,27.A.movedB.occurredC.extendedD.stuck28A.internallyB.globallyC.partiallyD.immediately29.A.belowB.betweenC.aboutD.above30.A.closeB.inferiorC.limitedD.expanded31.A.assumedB.predictedC.warnedD.argued32.A.decliningB.warningC.changingD.decreasing33.A.objectB.contributeC.devoteD.strive34.A.coupledB.litteredC.packedD.matched35.A.regulationB.standardC.ceilingD.norm【答案】.D22.B23.C24.A25.D26.A27.C28.B29.D30.A31.C32.B33.D34.A35.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。据报道，今年一月份很多地方气温比有记录以来的每一个一月份都要高。平均温度上升1.2至1.4摄氏度，接近《巴黎气候协议》设定的上限：1.5摄氏度。【题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对世界上许多地方来说，一月比往常更加温暖舒适。A.cooler更凉爽的；B.rainier更多雨的；C.sunnier阳光更充足的；D.toastier更温暖舒适的。根据下一句中的“TheglobaltemperaturelastmonthwaswarmerthaneverypreviousJanuaryonrecord”可知，一月份比历史上其他同等月份更温暖。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：据哥白尼气候变化服务中心报道，上个月的全球气温比有记录以来的每一个一月份都要高，超过了2016年1月的记录。A.leaving离开；B.edging徐徐移动；C.finding发现，找到；D.checking核对，检查。根据前面的“warmer”可知，上个月的温度超过了2016年一月份的温度。edgeout意为“胜出，险胜”。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：欧盟监测地球的系统称，在欧洲，这是有记录以来最热的一月，比2007年的前记录高出0.2摄氏度。A.improving提高，改善；B.revealing透露；C.monitoring监视，监听，监测；D.changing改变。前文介绍了一月份温度的变化趋势，这种变化应该是欧联负责监测地球的系统得出的结论。故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从历史的角度看，这种增长更加引人注目。A.striking显著的，惊人的；B.unique独一无二的；C.common常见的；D.realistic现实的。根据后文“______totheaverageJanuarytemperaturein,thepre-industrialyearsbeforethe20thcentury,itwasabout1.4degreesCelsius(2.7degreesFahrenheit)warmer”可知，一月份温度比20世纪前一月份的平均气温高了很多。因此，这种温度的上升更加引人注目。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从历史的角度来看，这一上升更为引人注目—与20世纪前工业化时代1月份的平均气温相比，上升了约1.4摄氏度(2.7华氏度)。A.contrast对比，差异；B.contrary相反的，相对的；C.subject受……影响的；D.compared比较的，对照的。“_______totheaverageJanuarytemperatureinthepre-industrialyearsbeforethe20thcentury”作状语，所以排除A选项，而且此处是和20世纪前工业时代一月份的平均气温作比较。故选D。【26题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：一些地区比平均水平高出6°C以上，但总体而言，比同期1月的平均水平高出3.1°C。A.but但是；B.and和，并且；C.or或者；D.furthermore而且。前一句提到地区温度平均上升6°C。后一句提总体而言，一月份温度平均上升3.1°C。前后两句是转折关系。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：热浪也蔓延到了俄罗斯的几个地区。A.moved移动；B.occurred发生；C.extended延展；D.stuck刺，戳，粘贴。根据too可知，热浪不仅在芬兰中部和南部出现，而且还蔓延到了俄罗斯的部分区域。故选C。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在全球范围内，去年的温度比1981-2010年的平均温度高0.59°C。A.internally内部地，国内地；B.globally全球地；C.partially部分地，偏袒地；D.immediately立即地，马上地。根据该段中的“globaltemperatures”可知，该段叙述的是全球温度的变化。故选B。【29题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：最热的12个月是2015年10月至2016年9月，比1981-2010年高出0.66°C。A.below在……下面；B.between在……之间；C.about关于；D.above胜过，高于。根据该句中的“warmest”可知，最热的12个月是2015年10月至2016年9月。因此这段时期的温度比1981-2010年的平均值高0.66°C。故选D。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些平均值正将全球气温推近气候科学家和世界领导人设定的红线。A.close近的，关系密切的；B.inferior差的，下级的；C.limited有限的；D.expanded扩充的，展开的。根据语境可知，这些平均值使得全球气温离科学家和世界领导人设定的红线越来越近。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学家们警告说，全球气温上升应保持在2摄氏度(3.6华氏度)以下。A.assumed,假设，认为；B.predicted预测；C.warned警告；D.argued争论。根据上文可知，全球气温越来越接近科学家们设定的红线，这是一种危险的趋势。因此，该句指科学家们“警告说”全球气温应保持在2摄氏度(3.6华氏度)以下。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学家们警告说，全球变暖温度上升应保持在2摄氏度(3.6华氏度)以下。A.declining下降，减少；B.warning警告；C.changing改变；D.decreasing减少，缩减。上文介绍的是一月份温度上升的情况。再结合下一句中的“globalwarming”可知，科学家们认为全球变暖温度上升应保持在2摄氏度以下。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：国际社会通过《巴黎气候协定》表示，参与国将努力将全球变暖控制在1.5摄氏度以内。A.object反对；B.contribute为……做贡献；C.devote致力于，奉献于；D.strive努力，奋斗。前一句提到，科学家们警告说，全球气温上升应保持在2摄氏度(3.6华氏度)以下。因此，参与国应努力把全球变暖控制在1.5摄氏度以内。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但再加上工业化前气温的上升，上个月的平均气温上升了1.2至1.4摄氏度，接近《巴黎气候协议》(ParisClimateAgreement)的上限。A.coupled成对，组对；B.littered乱丢；C.packed打包；D.matched敌得过，和……匹配。现在的温度上升再加上工业化前气温的上升，两者导致个月的平均气温上升了1.2至1.4摄氏度。coupledwith意为“加上，外加”。故选A。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但再加上工业化前气温的上升，上个月的平均气温上升了1.2至1.4摄氏度，接近《巴黎气候协议》(ParisClimateAgreement)的上限。A.regulation规则；B.standard标准；C.ceiling上限，天花板；D.norm标准，规范。根据倒数第二段中的“participatingcountrieswould_______tokeepglobalwarminglimitedto1.5degreesCelsius”可知，《巴黎气候协议》中，温度上升的上限是1.5摄氏度，1.2至1.4摄氏度接近了这个上限。故选C。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhaveread.(A)Amongtheannoyingchallengesfacingthemiddleclassisonethatwillprobablygounmentionedinthenextpresidentialcampaign:Whathappenswhentherobotscomefortheirjobs?,Don'tdismissthatpossibilityentirely.AbouthalfofU.S.jobsareathighriskofbeingautomated,accordingtoaUniversityofOxfordstudy,withthemiddleclassdisproportionatelysqueezed.Lower-incomejobslikegardeningordaycaredon'tappealtorobots.Butmanymiddle-classoccupations-trucking,financialadvice,softwareengineering—havearousedtheirinterest,orsoonwill.Therichowntherobots,sotheywillbefine.Thisisn'ttobealarmist.Optimistspointoutthattechnologicalupheavalhasbenefitedworkersinthepast.TheIndustrialRevolutiondidn'tgosowellforLudditeswhosejobsweredisplacedbymechanizedlooms,butiteventuallyraisedlivingstandardsandcreatedmorejobsthanitdestroyed.Likewise,automationshouldeventuallyboostproductivity,stimulatedemandbydrivingdownprices,andfreeworkersfromhard,boringwork.Butinthemediumterm,middle-classworkersmayneedalotofhelpadjusting.Thefirststep,asErikBrynjolfssonandAndrewMcAfeeargueinTheSecondMachineAge,shouldberethinkingeducationandjobtraining.Curriculums—fromgrammarschooltocollege—shouldevolvetofocuslessonmemorizingfactsandmoreoncreativityandcomplexcommunication.Vocationalschoolsshoulddoabetterjoboffosteringproblem-solvingskillsandhelpingstudentsworkalongsiderobots.Onlineeducationcansupplementthetraditionalkind.Itcouldmakeextratrainingandinstructionaffordable.Professionalstryingtoacquirenewskillswillbeabletodosowithoutgoingintodebt.ThechallengeofcopingwithautomationunderlinestheneedfortheU.S.toreviveitsfadingbusinessdynamism:Startingnewcompaniesmustbemadeeasier.Inpreviouserasofdrastictechnologicalchange,entrepreneurssmoothedthetransitionbydreamingupwaystocombinelaborandmachines.Thebestusesof3Dprintersandvirtualrealityhaven'tbeeninventedyet.TheU.S.needsthenewcompaniesthatwillinventthem.Finally,becauseautomationthreatenstowidenthegapbetweencapitalincomeandlaborincome,taxesandthesafetynetwillhavetoberethought.Taxesonlow-wagelaborneedtobecut,andwagesubsidiessuchastheearnedincometaxcreditshouldbeexpanded:Thiswouldboostincomes,encouragework,rewardcompaniesforjobcreation,andreduceinequality.Technologywillimprovesocietyinwaysbigandsmalloverthenextfewyears,yetthiswillbelittlecomforttothosewhofindtheirlivesandcareersupendedbyautomation.Destroyingthemachinesthatarecomingforourjobswouldbenuts.Butpoliciestohelpworkersadaptwillbeindispensable.36.whatdoestheunderlinedword“their”inthesecondparagraphreferto?A.Low-incomeworkers.B.Robotowners.C.Robots.D.Researchersofthestudy.37.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.Alljobswillbethreatenedbythecomingofrobots.,B.Optimists'opinionsonnewtechfindlittlesupport.C.Issuesarisingfromautomationneedtobetackled.D.Negativeconsequencesofnewtechcanbeavoided.38.Educationintheageofautomationshouldputmoreemphasison_______.A.innovativepotentialB.job-huntingskillsC.communicationskillsD.cooperativespirit39.Theauthorsuggeststhattaxpoliciesbeaimedat.A.encouragingthedevelopmentofautomationB.boostingincomesC.easingthehostilitybetweenrichandpoorD.bridgingtheincomegap【答案】36.C37.C38.A39.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。本文主要讨论自动化对未来生活和学习的影响。【36题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Lower-incomejobslikegardeningordaycaredon'tappealtorobots.Butmanymiddle-classoccupations-trucking,financialadvice,softwareengineering—havearoused”可知，像园艺或日托这样的低收入工作对机器人没有吸引力。但是，许多中产阶级的职业——卡车运输、金融咨询、软件工程——已经或即将引起机器人的兴趣，故划线词指的是“机器人”。故选C。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“ThechallengeofcopingwithautomationunderlinestheneedfortheU.S.toreviveitsfadingbusinessdynamism:Startingnewcompaniesmustbemadeeasier.Inpreviouserasofdrastictechnologicalchange,entrepreneurssmoothedthetransitionbydreamingupwaystocombinelaborandmachines.(应对自动化带来的挑战凸显了美国重振其日渐衰退的商业活力的必要性：必须让创办新公司变得更容易。在以往技术剧烈变革的时代，企业家们通过想出将劳动力和机器结合起来的方法，使这种转变变得平稳)”可知，C选项“需要解决自动化带来的问题”正确。故选C。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Curriculums—fromgrammarschooltocollege—shouldevolvetofocuslessonmemorizingfactsandmoreoncreativityandcomplexcommunication.(课程——从语法学校到大学——应该逐渐减少对事实的记忆，更多地关注创造力和复杂的交流)”可知，在自动化的时代，教育应致力于创造潜能。故选A。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Finally,becauseautomationthreatenstowidenthegapbetweencapitalincomeand,laborincome,taxesandthesafetynetwillhavetoberethought.Taxesonlow-wagelaborneedtobecut,andwagesubsidiessuchastheearnedincometaxcreditshouldbeexpanded:Thiswouldboostincomes,encouragework,rewardcompaniesforjobcreation,andreduceinequality.(最后，由于自动化可能会扩大资本收入和劳动收入之间的差距，税收和安全网将不得不重新考虑。需要削减对低工资劳动力的税收，扩大劳动所得税抵免等工资补贴：这将提高收入，鼓励工作，奖励创造就业的公司，并减少不平等)”可知，作者建议税收政策应以缩小收入差距为目标。故选D。(B)THEWORLD’SRARESTLEOPARDTHESEBIGCATSGETANEWCHANCEATSURVIVAL.Slowlystalkingdownthesnowyhillside,theAmurleopardwatchesitspreythroughthetrees.Intheclearingbelow,asikadeermunchesontreebark,oneofitsfewremainingfoodsourcesduringthecoldRussianwinter.Theleopardcrouches,itsbodysolowtothegroundthatitsbellyfurbrushesthesnow.Suddenlyitboundsandspringsforward,tacklingthedeerfrom10feetaway.Withadeadlycombinationofspeed,strength,andstealth,theAmurleopardseemslikeithaseverythingitneedsforsurvival.Butnotlongago—afterdecadesofhabitatlossandpoaching—theseendangeredcatsalmostwentextinct.Thanksinparttoanewlyestablishednationalpark,however,Amurleopardsareclawingtheirwaybackfromthebrink.DisappearingAct,MostpeoplethinkofleopardsprowlingAfricansavannas,butthespottedpredatorsarefoundinmanydifferentcountriesandhabitats.They’veadjustedtolifeingrasslands,jungles,deserts,andfreezing,hillylandscapes.It’sthere—alongtheRussian-Chineseborder—thatAmurleopardslive,adaptingtotheirchillyclimatewithbushierfurandlongerlegstotrudgethroughthedeepsnow.AlthoughAmurleopardsthriveinfreezingtemperatures,bythelate20thcenturythehumanpopulationmovingintotheirhabitatshrunktheirCalifornia-sizerangebyahuge98percent,trappingtheanimalsinastretchoflandlessthanhalfthesizeofPuertoRico.Poachersroamedthespacethatremained,killingthecatstoselltheircoats.In2000,conservationistswerestunnedwhenanewcountofAmurleopardsestimatedthatonly30wereleftintheworld(thoughitwasbasedonastudydonebycountingtracks,whichisn’tthemostreliablemethod).“Theseanimalsweregoingextinct,”biologistDaleMiquellesays.“Someofuswereafraiditwastoolatetosavethem.”Theirsolution?Anewnationalparkdedicatedtoprotectingtheendangeredcat.Butfirst,scientistshadtoconvincethegovernmentthatthiswassomethingworthdoing—andthatitcouldbedone.40.Inparagraph1,theAmurLeopardwillbealmostextinctbecause________.A.thesikadeerhadmovedtheirhabitattosnowyhillsideB.humanhavehuntedtheleopardfordecadeC.theycan’tendurethechillycoldenvironmentD.thenationalparkestablished41.Accordingtothispassage,whatdoesthe“spottedpredators”mean?A.Theleopards.B.Humanbeings.C.Thepoachers.D.Leopards’natureenemies.42.Whatisthebiologists’attitudetothedisappearingoftheleopard?A.It’stoolatetosavethem.B.Theyshouldconvincethegovernmenttogethumanfarfromthehabitat.C.Theyshouldhurrytoestablishanationalpark.D.Theyshouldletthegovernmentlegislatetostoppoaching.【答案】40.B41.A42.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了因为经过几十年的栖息地丧失和偷猎，远东豹面临灭绝的危险，然而，在一定程度上，多亏了一个新建立的国家公园，这一现状正在得到改善。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Withadeadlycombinationofspeed,strength,andstealth,theAmurleopardseems,likeithaseverythingitneedsforsurvival.Butnotlongago—afterdecadesofhabitatlossandpoaching—theseendangeredcatsalmostwentextinct.(凭借速度、力量和潜行的致命结合，远东豹似乎拥有了生存所需的一切。但就在不久之前——经过几十年的栖息地丧失和偷猎——这些濒危的猫科动物几乎灭绝了)”可知，远东豹将几乎灭绝，因为人类已经捕杀了豹子十年。故选B。【41题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“MostpeoplethinkofleopardsprowlingAfricansavannas”以及后文“arefoundinmanydifferentcountriesandhabitats”可知，大多数人认为豹在非洲大草原徘徊，但这种有斑点的食肉动物（即豹子）在许多不同的国家和栖息地都有发现。由此推知，spottedpredators的意思是“豹子”。故选A。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Theirsolution?Anewnationalparkdedicatedtoprotectingtheendangeredcat.(他们的解决方案？建立一个新的国家公园致力于保护濒危的猫科动物)”可知，生物学家认为应该赶快建立一个国家公园。故选C。(C)“Thedangerousthingaboutlyingispeopledon'tunderstandhowtheactchangesus,”saysDanAriely,behavioralpsychologistandDukeuniversity.Psychologistshavedocumentedchildrenlyingasearlyastheageoftwo.Someexpertsevenconsiderlyingadevelopmentalmilestone,likecrawlingandwalking,becauseitrequiressophisticatedplanning,attentionandabilitytoseeasituationfromsomeoneelse'sperspectivetomanipulatethem.But,formostpeople,lyinggetslimitedaswedevelopasenseofmoralityandtheabilitytoself-regulate.HarvardcognitiveneuroscientistJoshuaGreenesays,formostofus,lyingtakeswork.Instudies,hegavesubjectsachancetodeceiveformonetarygainwhileexaminingtheirbrainsinafunctionalMRImachine,whichmapsbloodflowtoactivepartsofthebrain.Somepeopletoldthetruthinstantlyandinstinctively.Butothersoptedtolie,andtheyshowedincreasedactivityintheirfrontalperietal(颅腔壁的)controlnetwork,whichisinvolvedindifficultorcomplexthinking.Thissuggeststhattheyweredecidingbetweentruthanddishonesty—andultimatelyoptingforthelatter.Forafollow-upanalysis,hefoundthatpeoplewhoseneuralrewardscentersweremoreactivewhentheywonmoneywerealsomorelikelytobeamongthegroupofliars—suggestingthatsuggestingthatlyingmayhavetodowiththeinabilitytoresisttemptation.Externalconditionsalsomatterintermsofwhenandhowoftenwelie.Wearemorelikelytolie,researchshows,whenweareabletorationalizeit,whenwearestressedandfatiguedtoseeothersbeingdishonest.Andwearelesslikelytoliewhenwehavemoralremindersorwhenwethinkothersarewatching.“Weasasocietyneedtounderstandthat,whenwedon'tpunishlying,weincreasetheprobabilityitwillhappenagain,”Arielysays.Ina2016studypublishedinthejournalNatureNeuroscienceArielyandcolleaguesshowedhowdishonesty,alterspeople'sbrains,makingiteasiertotellliesinthefuture.Whenpeopleutteredafalsehood,thescientistsnoticedaburstofactivityintheiramygdala.Theamygdalaisacrucialpartofthebrainthatproducesfear,anxietyandemotionalresponse—includingthatsinking,guiltyfeelingyougetwhenyoulie.Butwhenscientistshadtheirsubjectsplayagameinwhichtheywonmanybydeceivingtheirpartner,theynoticedthenegativesignalsfromtheamygdalabegantodecrease.Notonlythat,butwhenpeoplefacednoconsequencesfordishonesty,theirfalsehoodstendedtogetevenmoresensational.Thismeansthatifyougivepeoplemultipleopportunitiestoliefortheirownbenefit,theystartwithlittleliewhichgetbiggerovertime.43.Whydosomeexpertsconsiderlyingamilestoneinachild’sdevelopment?A.Itshowstheyhavetheabilitytoviewcomplexsituationsfromdifferentangles.B.Itindicatestheyhaveanabilitymoreremarkablethancrawlingandwalking.C.Itrepresentstheirabilitytoactivelyinteractwithpeoplearoundthem.D.Itinvolvesthecoordinationofboththeirmentalandphysicalabilities.44.WhydoestheHarvardneuroscientistsaythatlyingtakeswork?A.Itishardtochoosefromseveraloptions.B.Itisdifficulttosoundnaturalorplausible.C.Itrequiresspeedybloodflowintoone’sbrain.D.Itinvolveslotsofcomplexmentalactivity.45.Underwhatcircumstancesdopeopletendtolie?A.Whentheybecometooemotional.B.Whentheyfacetoomuchpeerpressure.C.Whenthetemptationistoostrong.D.Whentheconsequencesarenottohappensoon.46Whatdoestheyauthorsaywillhappenwhenaliardoesnotgetpunished?A.Theymayfeeljustified.B.Theywilltellbiglies.C.Theywillbecomesatisfiedwiththemselves.D.Theywillconfuseliesandtruths.【答案】43.A44.D45.B46.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。心理学家已经证明，儿童早在两岁时就会撒谎，但是，对大多数人来说，随着道德感和自我调节能力的发展，撒谎变得有限。文章主要介绍了关于撒谎的研究、影响撒谎的因素以及撒谎的影响。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Someexpertsevenconsiderlyingadevelopmentalmilestone,likecrawlingandwalking,becauseitrequiressophisticatedplanning,attentionandabilitytoseeasituationfromsomeoneelse'sperspectivetomanipulatethem.(一些专家甚至认为说谎是一个发展的里程碑，就像爬行和走路一样，因为它需要复杂的计划、注意力和从别人的角度看待情况的能力，以控制他们),”可知，一些专家认为说谎是孩子成长的里程碑因为这表明他们有能力从不同的角度看待复杂的情况。故选A。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“HarvardcognitiveneuroscientistJoshuaGreenesays,formostofus,lyingtakeswork.Instudies,hegavesubjectsachancetodeceiveformonetarygainwhileexaminingtheirbrainsinafunctionalMRImachine,whichmapsbloodflowtoactivepartsofthebrain.Somepeopletoldthetruthinstantlyandinstinctively.Butothersoptedtolie,andtheyshowedincreasedactivityintheirfrontalperietal(颅腔壁的)controlnetwork,whichisinvolvedindifficultorcomplexthinking.Thissuggeststhattheyweredecidingbetweentruthanddishonesty—andultimatelyoptingforthelatter.(哈佛大学认知神经学家JoshuaGreene说，对我们大多数人来说，撒谎是需要努力的。在研究中，他让研究对象有机会通过欺骗来获取金钱，同时用功能性核磁共振成像机器检查他们的大脑，这台机器可以将血液流动映射到大脑的活跃部位。有些人本能地立即说出了真相。但其他人选择撒谎，他们的额叶皮层控制网络活动增加，这与困难或复杂的思考有关。这表明他们在真相和不诚实之间做出了选择——最终选择了后者)”可知，哈佛的神经学家说撒谎也需要努力，是因为它涉及许多复杂的心理活动。故选D。【45题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Wearemorelikelytolie,researchshows,whenweareabletorationalizeit,whenwearestressedandfatiguedtoseeothersbeingdishonest.(研究表明，当我们能够将说谎合理化时，当我们看到别人不诚实而感到压力和疲劳时，我们更有可能说谎)”可知，当人们面对太多的同辈压力时容易撒谎。故选B。【46题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Notonlythat,butwhenpeoplefacednoconsequencesfordishonesty,theirfalsehoodstendedtogetevenmoresensational.Thismeansthatifyougivepeoplemultipleopportunitiestoliefortheirownbenefit,theystartwithlittleliewhichgetbiggerovertime.(不仅如此，当人们不诚实没有后果时，他们的谎言往往会变得更加耸人听闻。这意味着，如果你给人们很多机会为自己的利益撒谎，他们会从小谎言开始，随着时间的推移，谎言会越来越大)”可知，作者说如果一个说谎者没有受到惩罚，他们会撒弥天大谎。故选B。SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.FirstImpressionsCountTraditionallyuniformswere—andforsomeindustriesstillare—manufacturedtoprotecttheworker.Whentheywerefirstdesigned,itisalsolikelythatalluniformsmadesymbolicsense—thoseforthemilitary,forexample,wereoriginallyintendedtoimpressandeventerrifytheenemy;otheruniformsdenotedahierarchy.,____47____.Particularlyin“customerfacing”industries,andespeciallyinfinancialservicesandretailing.Fromuniformsandworkwearhasemerged“corporateclothing”.“Thepeopleyouemployareyourambassadors,”saysPeterGriffin,managingdirectorofamajorretailerintheUK.“Whattheysay,howtheylook,andhowtheybehaveisterriblyimportant.”Theresultisanewwayoflookingatcorporateworkwear.Frombeingasimplemeansofidentifyingwhoisamemberofthestaff,theuniformisemergingasanewchannelofmarketingcommunication.Trulyeffectivemarketingthroughvisualcuessuchasuniformsisasubtleart,however.Wittinglyorunwittingly,howwelooksendsallsortsofpowerfulsubliminalmessagestootherpeople.Darkcolorsgiveanauraofauthoritywhilelighterpastelshadessuggestapproachability.Certaindressstylecreatesasenseofconservatism,othersasenseofopennesstonewideas.____48____.Asuccessfuluniformneedstobalancetwokeysetsofneeds.Ontheonehand,nouniformwillworkifthestafffeeluncomfortableorugly.Givingthewearersachoicehasbecomeakeyelementinthewaycorporateclothingisintroducedandmanaged.Ontheother,itispointlessifthelookdoesn’texpressthebusiness’smarketingstrategy.____49____.Whenitcomestohumanperceptions,firstimpressionscount.Customerswillsizeupthewaythestafflookinjustafewseconds,andthatfewsecondswillcolortheirattitudesfromthenon.Thosefewsecondscanbesoimportantthatbigcompaniesarepreparedtoinvestyears,andmillionsofpounds,gettingthemright.____50____.Somebankshaveyettointroduceafullcorporatelook;policeforcesareresearchingacompletelynewlookforthestcentury.Andmanyemployeesnowwelcomeacompanywardrobe.Arecentsurveyofthestafffoundthat90percentwelcomedhavingclothingwhichreflectedthecorporateidentity.A.Chefsworewhitebecausetheyworkwithflour,butthemainchefworeablackhattoshowhesupervisedB.Hugeinvestmentshavebeenmadeinnewsystems,informationtechnologyandamassingqualityassuranceaccreditationsC.ThegreatestchallengeinthisrespectistimeD.Neatnesscansuggestefficiencybutifitisoverdone,itcanspilloverandindicateanobsessionwithpowerE.CorporateclothingdoeshavepotentialforfurthergrowthF.Thelast30years,however,haveseenanincreasingemphasisontheirroleinprotectingtheimageofanorganizationandinunitingtheworkforceintoahomogeneousunit【答案】47.F48.D49.C50.E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍的是制服的由来和在当代的发展，以及制服的作用。【47题详解】根据上文“Whentheywerefirstdesigned,itisalsolikelythatalluniformsmadesymbolicsense—thoseforthe,military,forexample,wereoriginallyintendedtoimpressandeventerrifytheenemy;otheruniformsdenotedahierarchy.(当它们最初被设计出来的时候，也很可能所有的制服都具有象征意义——例如那些为军队设计的制服，最初是为了给敌人留下深刻印象，甚至是恐吓他们；其他制服表示等级制度)”可知，制服最初因为其具有象征意义，并不被人重视。根据下文“Frombeingasimplemeansofidentifyingwhoisamemberofthestaff,theuniformisemergingasanewchannelofmarketingcommunication.(制服从一种简单的识别员工身份的方法，逐渐成为一种新的营销传播渠道)”可知，人们对待制服的态度有了转变，制服开始象征一个组织的形象并发挥了将工作人员团结成一个同质单位方面的作用。故F选项“然而，在过去的30年里，人们越来越重视他们在保护组织形象和将员工团结成一个同质单位方面的作用”符合语境。故选F项。【48题详解】根据上文“Trulyeffectivemarketingthroughvisualcuessuchasuniformsisasubtleart,however.Wittinglyorunwittingly,howwelooksendsallsortsofpowerfulsubliminalmessagestootherpeople.Darkcolorsgiveanauraofauthoritywhilelighterpastelshadessuggestapproachability.Certaindressstylecreatesasenseofconservatism,othersasenseofopennesstonewideas.(然而，通过制服等视觉线索进行真正有效的营销是一门微妙的艺术。无论有意还是无意，我们的外表都会向他人传递各种强大的潜意识信息。深色给人一种权威的感觉，而较浅的柔和色调则表明平易近人。某些服装风格会给人一种保守的感觉，另一些则会给人一种接受新思想的开放感)”可知，上文提到了制服的颜色和风格带给人的感受，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明制服带给人的感受。故选项“整洁可以暗示效率，但如果过分整洁，就会溢出来，表明对权力的痴迷”符合语境，故选D。【49题详解】根据后文“Whenitcomestohumanperceptions,firstimpressionscount.Customerswillsizeupthewaythestafflookinjustafewseconds,andthatfewsecondswillcolortheirattitudesfromthenon.Thosefewsecondscanbesoimportantthatbigcompaniesarepreparedtoinvestyears,andmillionsofpounds,gettingthemright.(说到人类的感知，第一印象很重要。顾客只需几秒钟就能判断出员工的长相，而这几秒钟将影响他们今后的态度。这几秒钟的时间是如此重要，以至于大公司准备投入数年乃至数百万英镑的时间来正确把握这几秒钟)”可知，后文提到了几秒钟给人带来的第一印象的重要性，可推测是在说明时间的重要性。故选项“在这方面最大的挑战是时间”符合语境，故选C。【50题详解】根据下文“Somebankshaveyettointroduceafullcorporatelook;policeforcesareresearchingacompletenewlookforthestcentury.(一些银行尚未推出完整的企业形象;警察部队正在研究面向世纪的全新面貌)”可推知，企业服装有进一步增长的潜力。故E选项“企业服装有进一步增长的潜力”符合语境。故选E。IV.SummaryWriting,51.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Mulan—AWell-knownTaleGetsANewMovieDisney’s1998animatedmovieMulanhasbecomeaclassic.Withitsfunmusic,ithassomethingforeveryone.Butthisyeartheclassicstoryisgettingamakeover.MulanisthelatestanimatedDisneymovietobemadeintoalive-actionfilm.ThemovietellsthestoryofayoungChinesewomannamedMulan.WhenChinaisindanger,theemperorordersonemanfromeveryhouseholdtojointhearmy.Mulandisguisesherselfasamansothatshecanfightinsteadofheragingfather.Therewillbesomechangestothecharactersandtheplotinthisnewmovie.IntheoriginalDisneymovie,Mulanfallsinlovewithhercaptain,LiShang.ThenewmoviewillgiveMulananewloveinterest,whoisanothersoldier.Hercommander,aseparatecharacter,willbeamentortoher.Thenewfilmalsogivesherasister,whichwasnotthecaseintheoriginal.AtfirstthenewMulan’sdirector,NikiCaro,saidthattherewouldbenosongsinhermovie.Butaftercomplaintsfromfans,shesaidthatmusicwouldplaysomeroleinthemovie.Mostlikelyinstrumentswillplaysomeofthemorewell-knownpieces.Butthecastprobablywon’tsingthem,andsomefamiliarsongsmaybemissingaltogether.Mulan’shelper,thesmalldragonMushu,maybemissingfromthelive-actionmovieaswell.Thereistalkthatheisbeingreplacedbythephoenix,anotherlegendaryanimalthatplaysaroleinChineseculture.Asofnow,itisguardedsecret!SinceMulantakesplaceinChinaandisatraditionalChineseactressLiuYifei,andthemoviewillalsofeatureDonnieYenandJetLi.Fansoforiginalmovieareeagerlywaitingtoseethisnewtakeonaclassicstory.Hopefullythenewmoviewillmeettheirexpectations.【答案】Anewlive-actionmoviebasedonDisney’sMulanfollowsawomanwhojoinsthearmytoprotectherfather.Itdiffersfromtheoriginalbothincharactersandplot.EitherfamiliarsongsorthedragonMushuwhichwastookplacebyaphoenixwilldisappear.HappeninginChina,themaincharactersareallChinese.Fansexpectitverymuch.【解析】【分析】,本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，根据迪士尼电影《花木兰》改编的一部最新真人电影讲述了一名女子为了保护父亲而从军的故事。它在人物和情节上都不同于原著。无论是熟悉的歌曲，还是由凤凰所产生的龙木须，都会消失。故事发生在中国，主角都是中国人。对此，粉丝们都很期待。【详解】1.要点摘录①ThemovietellsthestoryofayoungChinesewomannamedMulan.WhenChinaisindanger,theemperorordersonemanfromeveryhouseholdtojointhearmy.Mulandisguisesherselfasamansothatshecanfightinsteadofheragingfather.②Therewillbesomechangestothecharactersandtheplotinthisnewmovie.③Butaftercomplaintsfromfans,shesaidthatmusicwouldplaysomeroleinthemovie.Mulan’shelper,thesmalldragonMushu,maybemissingfromthelive-actionmovieaswell.Thereistalkthatheisbeingreplacedbythephoenix,anotherlegendaryanimalthatplaysaroleinChineseculture.④SinceMulantakesplaceinChinaandisatraditionalChineseactressLiuYifei,andthemoviewillalsofeatureDonnieYenandJetLi.Fansoforiginalmovieareeagerlywaitingtoseethisnewtakeonaclassicstory.2.缜密构思将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3、4三个要点进行分说。3.遣词造句Anewlive-actionmoviebasedonDisney’sMulanfollowsawomanwhojoinsthearmytoprotectherfather.Itdiffersfromtheoriginalbothincharactersandplot.EitherfamiliarsongsorthedragonMushuwhichwastookplacebyaphoenixwilldisappear.HappeninginChina,themaincharactersareallChinese.Fansexpectitverymuch.【点睛】[高分句型1]Anewlive-actionmoviebasedonDisney’sMulanfollowsawomanwhojoinsthearmytoprotectherfather.运用who引导定语从句对原文第二段进行了概括。[高分句型2]EitherfamiliarsongsorthedragonMushuwhichwastookplacebyaphoenixwilldisappear.用which引导定语从句对第五段进行了概括，表达非常高级。第II卷（共40分）V.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.52.许多人认为减肥的关键是不吃任何垃圾食品。(cut)（汉译英）【答案】Mostpeoplethinkthatthekeytolosingweightistocutoutanyjunkfood.【解析】【详解】考查动词时态和宾语从句。表示“许多人”应用mostpeople；表示“认为”应用think；think后面是that引导的宾语从句；表示“减肥的关键”应用thekeytolosingweight；表示“是”应用be；根据提示词cut可知，表示“不吃”应用cutout，此处用动词不定式作表语；表示“任何垃圾食品”应用anyjunk,food；陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语主语为复数，谓语动词用原形；从句主语为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故答案为Mostpeoplethinkthatthekeytolosingweightistocutoutanyjunkfood.53.南非有许多野生动物，难怪是动物爱好者的乐园，所以高考后我和同学们要去那里游玩。（汉译英）【答案】TherearemanywildanimalsinSouthAfricasonowonderitismanyanimallovers’wonderland.Aftertakingcollegeentranceexam，myclassmatesandIplantovisitthere.【解析】【详解】考查动词时态和状语从句。表示“有”应用therebe句型；表示“许多野生动物”应用manywildanimals；表示“再南非”应用inSouthAfrica；表示“因此”应用so；表示“难怪”应用nowonder；表示“它是”应用itbe；表示“动物爱好者的乐园”应用animallovers’wonderland；表示“再……之后”应用after，引导时间状语从句；表示“参加”应用take，主句和从句主语一致，省略从句主语和be动词，此处使用现在分词形式taking；表示“高考”应用collegeentranceexam；表示“我和我的同学们”应用myclassmatesandI；表示“打算”应用plantodosth.；表示“游玩”应用visit；表示“在那里”应用there；句子陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，第一句话中主句谓语动词使用复数形式are；从句中主语为it，be动词用is；第二句话中主句主语是并列的主语，谓语动词使用原形。故答案为TherearemanywildanimalsinSouthAfricasonowonderitismanyanimallovers’wonderland.Aftertakingcollegeentranceexam，myclassmatesandIplantovisitthere.54.共有三支队伍提出的解决方法获得了评委们的青睐，我们代表葡萄牙队，即为其中之一。（汉译英）【答案】Therearethreeteamsintotal,whoseproposalsarefavoredbythejudges,andourteam,onbehalfofPortugalisoneofthem.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查固定短语、定语从句和时态。此处为and连接的并列句；前半句为therebe句型，主语为threeteams，时态为一般现在时；表示“共有”短语为intotal；后跟whose引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词teams；从句中主语为复数名词proposals；表示“获得青睐”应用动词favor，此处应用一般现在时的被动语态；表示“评委”应用复数名词judges；后半句中主语为team；表示“代表”短语为onbehalfof；表示“其中之一”短语为oneof。故翻译为Therearethreeteamsintotal,whoseproposalsarefavoredbythejudges,andourteam,onbehalfofPortugalisoneofthem.55.《你好，李焕英》这部以母女关系为题材的影片一经播出就大受欢迎，成为票房第一的春节档电影。（rank）（汉译英）【答案】ThemomentHi,Momfeaturingmother-daughterrelationshipwasreleased,itwaswell-receivedandrankedthefirstinboxofficeduringspringfestival.【解析】【分析】,【详解】考查状语从句、固定短语和时态。此处为themoment引导的时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”；从句中表示“《你好，李焕英》这部以母女关系为题材的影片”翻译为Hi,Momfeaturingmother-daughterrelationship；表示“播出”应用动词release，且与主语构成被动关系，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态；主句主语为it；表示“大受欢迎的”应用形容词well-received，作表语；表示“成为票房第一的春节档电影”为rankthefirstinboxofficeduringspringfestival，主句用一般过去时。故翻译为ThemomentHi,Momfeaturingmother-daughterrelationshipwasreleased,itwaswell-receivedandrankedthefirstinboxofficeduringspringfestival.VI.GuidedWriting56.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假设你是市西高中的王丽。过完今年的暑假你将迎来大学生活。你校拟选拔一些优秀学生，利用暑假到当地实验小学为学生辅导英语。你希望参加此活动。请根据提示写给校评选组一封申请信：1.对此活动的认识（如对本人，学生和社会的益处）；2.个人优势（如性格，独立生活能力，语言能力等）；3.你的计划（如怎样做等）。【答案】DearSir/Madam,I’mWanglifromclassone,seniorthree.IamwritingtoapplyfortheopportunitytohelpthestudentsinShiyanSchoolwiththeirEnglish.ThustheycanimprovetheirEnglishduringthesummervacation.Meanwhile,Icanlearnhowtogetalongwellwiththestudentsandbenefitthewholeschool.Ilongforparticipatingthisactivitybecauseafterclassactivitiesareanintegralpartofschoollife.Bygoinginforsuchactivities,IcanlearnwhatIcannotlearnfrombooks,whichwillbebeneficialtomeinthefuture.I’mupbeateasy-goingandalwaysreadytohelpothers.Iwashclothesandmakebedsbymyselftodevelopindependence.EnglishismyfavoritesubjectandIhavewonseveralprizesinEnglishcontests.SoIthinkthatIamqualifiedfortheposition.Iplantocommunicatewithstudentsfirsttoknowwhattheyneed.Besides,I’lltrytogetthemmoreinterestedinEnglishbytellingstories,singingsongs,playinggamesandsoon.Exceptteachingthosestudentswordsorgrammarliterally,IwillstartshareEnglishnewswiththemandreadHamlettointerestthemaboutthecharismaoflanguageratherthanimprovetheirEnglishscoresmerely.I’dappreciateitifyoucouldgivemetheopportunity.YoursSincerely,WangLi【解析】,【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给校评选组一封申请信，申请到当地实验小学为学生辅导英语。【详解】1.词汇积累机会：chance→opportunity提高：promote→improve渴望：yearnfor→longfor计划做某事：intendtodosth→plantodosth2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：EnglishismyfavoritesubjectandIhavewonseveralprizesinEnglishcontests.SoIthinkthatIamqualifiedfortheposition.拓展句：IthinkthatIamqualifiedforthepositionbecauseEnglishismyfavoritesubjectandIhavewonseveralprizesinEnglishcontests.【点睛】[高分句型1]Ilongforparticipatingthisactivitybecauseafterclassactivitiesareanintegralpartofschoollife.(运用了because引导原因状语从句)[高分句型2]Bygoinginforsuchactivities,IcanlearnwhatIcannotlearnfrombooks,whichwillbebeneficialtomeinthefuture.(运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)