2020年普通高等学校招生伯乐马押题考试 （一）英语

绝密★启用前2020年普通高等学校招生伯乐马押题考试（一）英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Doinghomework.B.Workingout.C.Readingamagazine.2.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Toaskabouthisplan.B.Toaskforafavor.C.Tosendforadoctor.3.What'stheman'sfavoritechannel?A.History.B.Nature.C.Science.4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inashoppingcentre.B.Athome.C.Inacandystore.5.What'sthewoman'splanfortomorrow? A.Totakeanexam.B.Toreviewlessons.C.Togotothecinema.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhydoesAnnhatehercurrentapartment?A.Theneighborhoodisnoisy.B.It'sfarfromthecollege.C.It'stooexpensive.7.HowisRogergoingtohelpAnn?A.Callinghisfriend.B.Lookingonlineforrental.C.Checkingoutanapartment.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Conductinganinterview.B.Promotingbooks.C.Borrowingbooks.9.Whatkindofbooksdoesthemanlikebest?A.Crimebooks.B.Westerns.C.Sci-fibooks.10.Howmuchdoesthemanspendonfictionbookseverymonth?A.$150.B.$100.C.$50.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthewoman?A.Shehasabigappetite.B.Shehastogoonadiet.C.Sheistoodependentonhim.12.Whatdoesthewomanhaveforbreakfast?A.Pancakesandmilk.B.Eggsandbacon.C.Bananasandbread.13.What'stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers? A.Friends.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Waiterandcustomer.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Atouristdestination.B.Tomorrow'sprogram.C.Thewoman'snewjob.15.WhoisMark?A.Ahotelmanager.B.Diana'scolleague.C.Aworkeratthepark.16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherjob?A.Satisfying.B.Unfair.C.Boring.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatdoweknowaboutJamesWatson?A.Hehasbeenpromoted.B.Heisdoinganewproject.C.Hewillleaveoffice.18.Whenwillthestaffparkinglotbeclosed?A.Thisweek.B.Thismonth.C.Nextmonth.19.Wherewillaclerkparkifhearrivesafter8:30a.m.?A.Inthechurchcarpark.B.Inthecompanycarpark.C.OnBrownStreet.20.Whatwillthestaffusetopayfortheirmealsinthecanteen?A.Thecash.B.ThecompanyIDcard.C.Thecreditcard.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ABestScienceBooksForKidsofAllAges DiaryofaTimeTravelerbyDavidLongWhenyoungAugustusfallsasleepinhistoryclass,ProfessorTempodecidestoshowhimthathistoryisn'tboringatall.Shehandshimamagicdiary;allheneedstodoiswritethetimeandplacetotravelthere.Eachdoublepagespreadintroducesadifferenttimeandplaceandinthebackyoucanfindshortbiographiesofallthehistoricalcharacterscovered.Price：US$22.99EqualShmequalbyVirginiaKrollMouseandherfriendswanttoplaytug-of-warbuttheycan'tfigureouthowtomaketeamsthatareequal.Nothingworksuntiltheymeasureandequalizetheirteamsbasedonsize,weight,andstrength.Aperfectadditiontoanysciencecollectionthatshowsreadershowmathcanbeusedineverydayproblem-solving.Price：US$11.16GalapagosGeorgebyJeanCraigheadGeorgeFamousnaturalistandbestsellingauthoroftheNewberyMedal,winningJulieoftheWolvesandthehighlypraisedEverglades,JeanCraigheadGeorgeonceagainintroduceschildrentothewondersofthenaturalworldinthisincredibleevolutionstorysetintheGalapagosIslands.ThisisthestoryofthefamousLonesomeGeorge,agianttortoisewhowasthelastofhisspecies.Price：US$9.90LittleChangesbyTiffanyTaylorNaturaldisasterstrikesandsplitsagroupoffunbeingsintotwo.Theyevolveseparatelythroughmanyadventures.Teachyourchildrenaboutthewondersofevolutionwiththisfunstory.Getthemaskingquestionsabouttheworldtheyliveinandshowkidshowthingsarethewaytheyare.Price：US$7.5021.WhydoestheprofessorgiveAugustusamagicdiary?A.Topunishhimseverely.B.Towriteshortbiographies.C.Toexcitehisinterestinhistory.D.Torememberthetimeandplaceinit.22.WhoisthewinneroftheNewberyMedal?A.TiffanyTaylor.B.JeanCraigheadGeorge.C.DavidLong.D.VirginiaKroll.23.WhatdoGalapagosGeorgeandLittleChangestellabout? A.Naturaldisaster.B.Animalprotection.C.Creatureevolution.D.WildernessSurvival.BIstillremembermyfirstgemologylectureincollege.Intheclassroom,halfofthestationshadmicroscopesandotherinstrumentsforcloselyexaminingsmallstones.Theotherstationsonlyhadamagnifying（放大）glass.Oncewewereallsettled,theprofessortoldusthatwewouldbehavingacompetitionthatday.Hewasgoingtogiveeachgroupsomepreciousstonestoevaluate.Hewrotetheaveragepriceofeachtypeofstoneonthechalkboard.Ourjobwastoevaluatethesize,weight,cutandclarityofeachgemstone（宝石）andthenmakeaneducatedguessastothevalueitheld.Theteamthatcameclosestwouldbethewinner.Thisalmostseemedtooeasy!Therewasnowaythattheotherteamwouldbeabletopickupontheimperfectionsinthestoneswithonlyamagnifyingglass.Igotexcitedaboutourchancesofwinningvictory.Twentyminuteslater,wesubmittedourassessedpricesforeachofthestones.Toourshockandhorror,thegemstoneswereworthalotmorethanwehadassessed.Notonlythat,acrosstheboardtheotherteamwaswithin3%oftheactualcost.Wehadnotonlylost,andwehadbeenashamed.Afterthechatterandcheeringdieddown,theprofessorexplained,"Itistruethatagemstonewithfewerimperfectionstendstoshinebetter,butlookingfromanotherangle,youwillalwaysfindanimperfection.Agemstone'svalueismoreinthewayitshinesandnotsomuchinitsimperfections."NotuntilthendidIrealizewhattheprofessorreallymeant.Iwasremindedthatdaythatweallhaveimperfections.Butoftenwelooktoocloseatourimperfectionsortheimperfectionsofothers.Itisthewaythatwe"shine"thatdeterminesourvalue,notthesizeoramountofourimperfections.24.Whatdidtheprofessoraskhisstudentstodo?A.Learntousethegiventools.B.Classifythestonesintogroups.C.Evaluatethevalueofeachgemstone.D.Pickoutthemostimperfectgemstones.25.Howdidtheauthorfeelbeforetheannouncementoftheresults?A.Confident.B.Nervous.C.Uncertain.D.Proud.26.Wheredidtheprofessorthinkthestudentswentwrong?A.Theydealwiththetaskcarelessly. B.Theydidn'tmakefulluseofthetools.C.Theyfocusedtoomuchontheimperfections.D.Theyassessedthestonesonlyfromoneangle.27.Whatwastheprofessor'smainpurposeofthislecture?A.Toinspirestudents'loveforthissubject.B.Toassessstudents'academicperformance.C.Totellstudentshowtouseexperimentaltools.D.Toteachstudentshowtojudgeaperson'svalue.CDuringthisperiodofsocialdistancingandshelteringathomeduetotheCOVID-19pandemic,manyscenicspotsareclosed.Butyoucanstilltakevirtualtripstonationalparksindifferentways.Inoneofthenewestoptions,TheHiddenWorldsoftheNationalParksbyGoogleArtsCulture,viewerscanexploretheuniquescenesinfiveparks.Ateachpark,theHiddenWorldstouropenswithavideothatintroducesustotheparkandtoarangerwhowillserveasourguide.That'sfollowedbyaseriesofinteractive（(交互的）360-degreevideos,inwhichwecanlookaroundthescenewhileourrangerprovidesbackgroundsaboutwhatwe'reseeing.Thismaynotcomparewithphysicallybeingthere,butthesevideosstillcreateaniceandsurprisinglyrealisticexperience.GoogleEarthhassimplervirtualtoursfor31U.S.nationalparks,completew让hhigh-qualityphotos,360-degreeviewsandinformationabouteachpath.Whiletheyareworthseeing,too,theyaren'tasimmersive（(浸入式的）asthenewHiddenWorldsproject,whichtakesadeeperdiveintotheparks.Yougenerallycan'tgetasclosetothesceneasyoudoinTheHiddenWorlds,butyoucanzoomintoseedifferentaspectsoftheplacesyoupick.YoucanalsotakeonlinetoursfromtheU.S.NationalParkService（NPS）itself,typicallyontheofficialwebsitesofcertainparks.Thesetendtobemuchsimplerthanmanyvirtualtours,oftenprovidingacollectionofphotos,videos,mapsandeducationalmaterialsratherthaninteractiveexperiences.Noneofthesemaynotsatisfyourdesireforfreedomandwilderness,butaslongaswe'restuckathome,it'satleastnicetobrieflyloseourselvesinthesevirtualreplicas.Theycanhelpcalmandentertainusduringanxioustimes,buttheyalsoserveasvaluableremindersthatnaturalwondersarestillouttherewaitingforus.28.WhatdoesarangerdoinTheHiddenWorlds?A.Preservetheparks.B.Introducethescenicspots. C.Giveinstructionsonsafety.D.Makeavideoofthetourists.29.WhatisspecialaboutGoogleEarth?A.Itprovidesmorerealisticexperience.B.Itallowsuserstosetfootinthedepths.C.Itcanbeusedtoexpandthechosenplaces.D.Itcanpresentclearpicturesaboutthepath.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"replicas"inthelastparagraphreferto"A.Purchases.B.Reproductions.C.Solids.D.Documents.31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheRiseandFallofTourismB.TheSocialDistanceandToursC.ReducingyourBoredomatHomeD.ExploreNationalParkswithVirtualToursDAsolartower,alsoknownasasolarpowertower,isasystemthattransformssunlightintoelectricity.Thetechnologyismainlymadeupofthetower,mirrors,thereceiver,coldandhotstoragetanks,steamgeneratorandturbine（涡轮）generator.Thissolartowerisplacedinthecenterofalargecollectionofmirrors.AsthesemirrorstracktheSun,theycatchtheincidentsunlightandreflectitbacktoareceiveratthetopofthesolartower.Inthisreceiver,afluid（流体）isheatedandusedtogeneratesteam.Thissteamthenpowersaconventionalturbinegeneratortogenerateelectricity.Avarietyoffluidsweretestedtotransportthesun'sheat,includingwater,air,oil,andsodium,beforeasaltmixturecalledmoltensaltwaspickedout.Presentsolartowersusemoltensaltsbecauseoftheirincreasedheattransferandenergystorageabilities.Inamolten-saltsolarpowertower,liquidsaltat290°Cispumpedfromacoldtankthroughthereceiverwhereitisheatedto565°Candthenontoahottankforstorage.Whenpowerisneededfromtheplant,hotsaltispumpedtoasteamgeneratorthatproducessuperheatedsteamtodriveaturbine.Atsunset,theliquidsaltisreturnedfromthesteamgeneratortothecoldtankwhereitisstoredfortomorrow'suse.Likeallsolartechnologies,solarpowertowersarefueledbysunshineanddonotgiveoffgreenhousegases.Theyareuniqueintheirabilitytoeffectivelystoresolarenergyanddistributeelectricitysomewherewhenneeded,evenatnightorduringcloudyweather.However,thewaterdemandoftheseplantscanbeseenasaproblem,assolartowersrequirelargeamountsofwatertooperate.Hopefully,alternativecoolingtechnologiesarebeingstudiedtoreducethe amountofwaterbeingused.Themostchallengingproblemistheharmfuleffectthesetowershaveonbirds.BirdsthatflyinthewayofthefocusedraysofSuncanbeburnttoashes.•32.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Howasolartowerworks.B.Whatasolarpowertoweris.C.Whymirrorsreflectsunlight.D.Howelectricityisdistributed.33.Whyisthemoltensaltchosenasafluidnowadays?A.Itcanbeusedrepeatedly.B.Itiseasytopumpfromthetank.C.Itcanwellprotecttheequipment.D.Ittransportsandstoresheateffectively.34.Whereisacoldfluidheatedupwhenitisused?A.Inthehottank.B.Inthereceiver.C.Inthecoldtank.D.Inthesteamgenerator.35.Whatistheauthor'smajorconcernabouttheeffectofthesolartower?A.Powerfailure.B.Birdsafety.C.Environmentalpollution.D.Watersupply.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Studyingathomeseemsconvenientandcomfortable.36Fortunately,thereareafewtricksyoucanusetohelpyouachieveyourgoalofstudyingoraccomplishingwhatyouneedtogetdone.Createagoodlearningenvironment.Makeyourselfaspecificspacejustforstudying.Itcouldbeatadeskinyourroomoratableinanypartofthehouse.37Reducedistractions（分心）bystudyinginaquietplaceoruseheadphonestominimizeoutsidenoises.Don'tforgettoturnoffbackgroundentertainment,suchasphones,radioandtelevision.38Setreasonablelimitsforhowmuchtimeyouspendstudyingeachday,andbreakyourstudysessionupintomanageableperiodsoftime.Creatingatimetablehelpsorganizeyourtime.Itisespeciallyusefulwhenyouhavemultiplesubjectstostudy.Stickingtotheroutinewillhelpyoucompleteandturninworkontime. Askforhelpifnecessary.Reachouttoteachersifyouareintrouble.Justremember,ifyouareemailingthemoutsideofnormalschoolhours,itmaytakelongerforthemtogetbacktoyou.39Theywillalsohelpyouwithyourdifficulties.Turningtotheinternetisalsoagoodchoiceifyouaredoingaprojectorwishtofindadditionalinformation.Butmakesureyouronlineresourcesarereliable.Lookafteryourwellbeing.Takeregularbreaksandgetplentyofsleep.Andifyouareanxious,reachoutandconnectwithparents,teachersandfriends.Don'tforgettoeatproperly!40A.Manageyourtimescientifically.B.Becarefultoscheduleyourbreaks.C.However,itcanbehardtostayfocusedandproductive.D.Yourbodyandyourbrainneedfueltohelpstayintopform.E.Therearemanyobviousbenefitstostudyingeffectivelyfromhome.F.Participateinonlinediscussionwithyourclassmatesorgroupmembers.G.Thiswillgiveyouthefeelingof"goingtoclass"andhelpsharpenyourfocus.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TJKimisasecond—yearhighschoolstudent.Hewas41whenschoolandsportsactivitieswere42toslowthespreadoftheCoronavirus（冠状病毒）.Kimwantedtofindawaytokeepactiveand43thehospitalatthesametime.44,hesettledonOperationSOS—SuppliesOverSkies.Eachweek,he45medicalsuppliestosmallhospitals.WhenhemadehisfirstdeliverytoahospitalinLuray,hewasshockedbytheir46.Kimsaid,"Theykindofconveyedtomethattheywerereally47Everyonewaswantingtosenddonationsto48cityhospitals,buteveryhospitalisbadlyinneedofsupplies."Kim's49forflyingbeganwhenhisfatherboughthimaflying50forhis15thbirthday.Sincethen,he'sbeentakingflyinglessonsandiscurrentlydoing"crosscountryflights,”51knownasflightsover50miles,whichworkedoutperfectlyforhisvolunteer52Onhismostrecentflight,Kim533,000gloves,1,000headcovers,500shoecovers,50non-surgicalmasksand50pairsofprotectiveeyeweartohelp54ahospitalinWoodstock.His55istomakedeliveriestoallsevenmostremotehospitalsinVirginia.AccordingtoKim,thehardestpartoftheoperationisactually56thesuppliesinthechargeofhis father,asthecountryhasbeen57ofpersonalprotectiveequipmentduetotheoutbreak.Kim'sfather,Thomas,saidhewasgladtoseehisson58hisinitialdisappointmentat59hissportsseasonintosomething60—somethingthatcombineshelpingthehospitalandhisloveofflying.41.A.hopefulB.curiousC.gratefulD.blue42.A.shutdownB.putoffC.cutdownD.openedup43.A.treatB.serveC.preserveD.explore44.A.LuckilyB.SurelyC.FinallyD.Gradually45.A.fliesB.drivesC.dragsD.posts46.A.receptionB.defenseC.guiltD.sympathy47.A.preferredB.forgottenC.blamedD.respected48.A.smallB.affordableC.bigD.costly49.A.admirationB.responsibilityC.excuseD.enthusiasm50.A.licenseB.courseC.videoD.report51.A.thereforeB.otherwiseC.howeverD.besides52.A.educationB.experimentC.operationD.movement53.A.introducedB.returnedC.promotedD.carried54.A.supplyB.discoverC.buildD.develop55.A.businessB.choiceC.goalD.adventure56.A.distributingB.storingC.gatheringD.producing57.A.awareB.nervousC.fullD.short58.A.changeB.divideC.introduceD.insert59.A.enjoyingB.losingC.savingD.missing60.A.busyB.convenientC.familiarD.positive第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WhenallotherBelgiansleftWuhanduetotheoutbreakinthecity,JerryVanOudenhove,ateacherwiththeforeignlanguageschoolofWuhanUniversityofBioengineering,chosetostay,61（become）theonlyBelgianleftinthecity.Hecontinuedteachinghisstudentsthroughonlineplatforms.Andhe62（encourage）themwhentheygottenseornervousaboutthevirus.VanOudenhovesaid,"Imotivatethem63（study）Englishbecausethiswillnotonlyhelprelievetheiranxietybutalsobenefittheirfuture."Hereliedonsuchoptimisticandpositivelanguagematerials64ChimeoftheDawnBells,apieceofmusiccomposedbyBelgianpianistJean-FrancoisMaljean65（especial）forWuhan.HehasbeenworkinginWuhanforabouttwoyears."IfeelathomeinWuhanandatouruniversity.IbelievethatWuhanwillriseagainandbecomemuch66（strong）,"saidVanOudenhove,67believestheChinesegovernmentisdoingagreatjobwithitsstrictmeasures.HereflectedonhischoicetoworkinChina,andWuhaninparticular."Itwasonlybychance68IcametoWuhan,"hesaid."ButnowIbelieveitwasaverygood69（decide）.Ilovethepeopleinthecity.IfeelIamoneofthe10million70（citizen）livinghere.Iamaforeigner,butnotanoutsider." 第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）,并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Lastmonth,mycommunitystartagarbageclassificationactivity.Tohelppeoplesortthewastebaseondifferentaims,Idesignedsomepostersanddecidedtoputituponthenoticeboard.WhenIwasabouttoprinttheposters,myprinterwouldn'tstart.Thesituationwasreallyworried.Thenideacametomind.Ijusttypedtheproblemintothecomputerbuttherecamesomeanswers.Ipickedthefirstoneandfollowedallthedirectionasinstructed.Itworkedoutjustlikethat,whatsavedmeatriptoaprinterexpertandpayingforhim.Itisalwaysgoodtobebravelytotryoutthings.第二节书面表达（满分25分）假定你是李华，你校健身俱乐部将利用课余时间教学生学习太极（TaiChi）。请给在你校学习的交换生Jonah发一电子邮件。内容包括：1.学太极的好处；2.活动时间和地点；3.邀请他参加。.注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。........ ..