广西南宁市2022高考英语一轮 阅读理解暑假训练题（12）

南宁市2022高考英语一轮（暑假）阅读理解训练（12）及答案阅读理解主旨大意Passage****(典型例题海卷)Transportationandcommunicationnetworksbringpeopletogether.Yetsometimespeoplethemselvescreatebarriers(障碍)totransportationandcommunication.Insomecountries,lawsstoppeoplefrommovingfreelyfromplacetoplace.Overthecenturies,manygroupsofpeoplehavebeendeniedthefreedomtotravelbecauseoftheirrace,religion,ornationality.IntheMiddleAges,forexample,Jewswereoftenforbiddentomoveaboutfreelywithincertaincities.SouthAfrica'sgovernmentusedtorequireblackAfricanstocarrypasseswhentheytravelwithinthecountry.Somegovernmentsrequireallcitizenstocarryidentificationpapersandtoreporttogovernmentofficialswhenevertheymove.Countriessetupcustomspostsattheirborders.Foreigntravellersmustgothroughacustomsinspectionbeforetheyareallowedtotravelinthecountry.Usuallytravellershavetocarryspecialpaperssuchaspassportsandvisas(签证).Somecountriesevenlimitthenumberofvisitorstotheircountryeachyear.Othersallowtouriststovisitonlycertainareasofthecountry,ortheymayrequirethattravellersbewithanofficialguideatalltimesduringtheirstay.Manyofthoseharrierstotravelalsoactasbarrierstocommunication.Whentwogovernmentsdisagreewitheachotheronimportantmatters,theyusuallydonotwanttheircitizenstoexchangenewsorideasfreely.Countriesoftentrytokeepmilitaryorindustrialinformationsecret.Today,peoplehavetheabilitytotravel,tocommunicate,andtotransportgoodsmorequicklyandeasilythaneverbe-fore.Naturalbarriersthatweredifficultordangeroustocrossahundredyearsagocannowbecrossedeasily.Theharriersthatpeoplethemselvesmakearenotsoeasytoovercome.Butinspiteofallthedifferentkindsofbarriers,peoplecontinuetoenjoytravelandtheexchangeofgoodsandideas.1.TheexamplesinParagraph2areusedtotellthereadersthat______.A.peoplehavebeenallowedtotravelfreelywithinthecountryB.peoplehavenotbeenpermittedtotravelfreelyforvariousreasons-6-\nC.travellershavetocarryspecialpaperssuchaspassportsandvisasD.customspostsare.necessaryatthebordersofthecountries答案:B指导：这是一道细节推断题。第二段例子说明由于种种原因与可不允许自由地旅游。2.Somegovernmentslimitthefreedomofcommunicationbecause______.A.theyintendtokeeptheirnationalsecretsunknowntoothersB.theythinksuchfreedomwillleadtowarsC.theyoftendisagreewitheachotheronimportantmattersD.theywanttoshowtheirauthorityovercommunication答案:A指导：这是一道细节推断题。第三段"Countriesoftentrytokeepmilitaryorindustrialinformationsecret．”说明政府限制通信自由的原因是防止泄密。3.Wemaylearnfromthepassage-that______.A.peopledonotcareabouttheremovalofharriersbetweencountriesB.peoplecannotremovetheobstaclesmadebythemselvesC.man-madeharriersaresometimeshardertoovercomethannaturalonesD.barriersshouldbetakenforgrantedastheyalwaysexist答案:C指导：这是一道细节推断题。根据最后一段ThebarriersthatpeoplethemselvesmakearenotSoeasytoovercome．可推断出人为造成的障碍要比天然障碍难以克服。4.Whichofthefollowingcanserveasthebesttitleofthepassage?A.BarriersMadebyPeopleB.FunctionsofCommunicationC.RestrictionsonTransportation答案:A指导，这是一道主旨题。根据短文内容可确定其题目应为BarriersMadebyPeople．************************************************结束阅读理解主旨大意Passage****(典型题)WhoeverhasmadeavoyageuptheHudsonRivermustremembertheCatskillMountains.TheyareabranchofthegreatAppalachianfamily,andcanbeseentothewestrisinguptoanobleheightandtoweringoverthesurroundingcountry.Whentheweatherisfairandsettled,theyareclothedinblueandpurple,andprinttheir-6-\nbeautifulshapesonthecleareveningsky,butsometimeswhenitiscloudless,graysteamgathersaroundthetopofthemountainswhich,inthelastraysofthesettingsun,willshineandlightuplikeacrownofglory(华丽的皇冠).Atthefootofthesemountains,atravelermayseelightsmokegoingupfromavillage,Inthatvillage,andinoneofthehouses(which,totelltheexacttruth,wassadlytimewornandweather-beaten),therelivedmanyyearsago,asimple,good-naturedfellowbythenameofRipVanWinkle.Rip'sgreatweaknesswasanaturaldislikeofallkindsofmoney-makinglabor.Itcouldnotbefromlackofdiligence(勤劳),forhecouldsitalldayonawetrockandfishwithoutsay-lngaword,eventhoughhewasnotencouragedbyasinglebite.Hewouldcarryagunonhisshoulderforhours,walkingthroughwoodsandfieldstoshootafewbirdsorsquirrels.Hewouldneverrefusetohelpaneighbor,evenintheroughestwork.Thewomenofthevillage,too,usedtoemployhimtodosuchlittlejobsastheirlesshelpfulhusbandswouldnotdoforthem.Inaword.Ripwasreadytoattendtoeverybody'sbusinessbuthisown.Iflefttohimself,hewouldhavewhistled(吹口哨)lifeawayinperfectsatisfaction~buthiswifewasalwaysmadathimforhisidleness(懒散).Morning,noon,andnight,hertonguewasendlesslygoing,sothathewasforcedtoescapetotheoutsideofthehousetheonlysidewhich,intruth,belongstoahenpeckedhusband.1.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheCatskillMountains?A.TheyareonthewestoftheHudsonRiver.B.Theyareveryhighandbeautifulinthisarea.C.TheycanbeseenfromtheAppalachianfamily.D.Theygatherbeautifulcloudsinblueandpurple.答案:B指导：本文第一段第二句说明了Catskill山脉之高；第三句说明了其美丽。因此B为最佳选项。2.Theheroofthestoryisprobably________.A.hard-workingandlikesallkindsofworkB.idleandhatesallkindsofjobs-6-\nC.simple,idlebutverydutifulD.gentle,helpfulbutalittleidle答案:D指导：文章倒数第三段中说明了Rip的gentle(从文中的good-natured可看出)；倒数第二段最后一句说明其helpful；倒数第一段第二句说明其idle.3.Theunderlinedwords"henpeckedhusband"inthelastparagraphprobablymeansamanwho______.A.likeshuntingB.isafraidofhensC.loveshiswifeD.isafraidofhiswife答案：D指导：通过最后一段可知由于Rip的懒散，妻子不满意，天天抱怨，所以他被迫躲到外面。做此题还要正确理解which所引导的非限制性定语从句的作用之一是补充说明前面的先行词。4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.CatskillMountains.B.AMountainVillage.C.RipVanWinkle.D.ADutifulHusband.答案:C指导：本文开头先为介绍本文所要讲述的故事提供了一个背景，然后进入正题，所以这道题目出得很妙。*****************************************结束阅读理解--细节事实Passage5WhenLewisandClarksteppedontotheWeippePrairieinpresent-dayIdahoinSeptember18典型例题ymettheNezPerceIndians.Inthefollowingyears,thewhiteexplorers(探险者)beganfightwiththeIndiansortheirland.SomeNezPercechiefssignedagreementswiththeU.S.government,sellingpartoftheirlands.Butthegovernmentalwaysbrokethosea-greementsanddemandedmoreland.Otherchiefsrefusedtogoalongwiththegovernment'splans.ThemostfamouswasChiefJoseph,whosepeoplelivedintheWallowaValley(present-dayOregon).-6-\n"Inordertohaveallpeopleunderstandhowmuchlandweowned,"heonceexplained,"myfatherplantedpolesarounditandsaid..'Insideisthehomeofmypeople...Itcircledaroundthegraves(坟墓)ofourfathers,andwewillnevergiveupthesegravestoanyman.'Butin1874,theU.S.governmentdeclaredthevalleyopenforwhitesettlementandorderedtheNezPerceontoares-ervation(保留地).Seeingthatresistancewasuseless.ChiefJosephagreedtomove.Later,fightingbrokeoutbetweentheNezPerceandU.S.soldiers.ChiefJosephtriedtoleadhispeopletoCanada,winningseveralbattlesagainstthesoldiersduringtheirflight.Butfinally,hewasforcedtogivein.1.Whichhistoricsite(onthemap)liesinthesouthoftoday'sNezPerceReservation?A.BuffaloEddy.B.DugBar.C.JosephCanyonViewpoint.D.ChiefLookingGlassCamp.答案:D指导：此题为识图题。首先要审清题目，注意题干中的关键词historicsite，inthesouth，然后再观察地图及图例，很容易判断D项为正确答案。2.WhatcanwelearnabouttheNezPercelandsfromthemap?A.TheywereinthestateofOregon.B.TheyhavebecomeahistoricsiteC.Theyhavebecomemuchsmaller.D.TheywerelimitedtothewallowaValley.答案:C指导：根据地图中图例部分第一项、第二项，可以看出1855年NezPercelands的范围比当今NezPerceReservation的范围要大得多。由此可判断C项为正确答案。3.FromParagraph3,weknowthattheIndianswantedto______.A.showofttheirlandB.keeptheirlandC.turntheirplaceintoagraveyardD.buildtheirhomesaroundthepoles-6-\n答案:B指导：本段引述了NezPerce人的某一头领Joseph的话，他说到，“为了让所有的人明白我们过去拥有多少土地，我父亲在领地周围种了些植物作为标志，并且说‘标志里就是我们的家园”’由此可以看出那些印第安人的目的就是要维护自己的土地。***********************************************结束-6-