2023年高考英语完型填空线索法讲练

高考英语完型填空巧用线索法1．巧用语意转折线索解题有些句子含有表示转折或对比的连词、副词或副词短语，如but,though,although,instead,however,onthecontrary,otherwise等，我们可利用这些暗示来解决问题。有时也可能没有这些词语的出现。Aformalletterisverydifferentfromaninformalletter.Formalletters___1___tobusinesses,schoolsorgovernmentoffices.___2___lettersareforrelatives,orformer(以前的)teachers.Youmaywriteaninformalletterbyhand,butyoushould___3___aformalletter.1.A.sendB.arewrittenC.writeD.aredropped2.A.InformalB.Formal         C.BusinessD.Relative3.A.copy B.typeC.write      D.share2．巧用因果关系线索解题Itwasastrangenoisethatmadetheman___1___hiscarsoonafterheleftavillage___2___London.Hegotoutofhiscarand___3___thewheels(车轮)carefully,butashefoundnothing___4___hecontinuedhisway.1.A.startB.stop C.slowD.speed2.A.toB.forC.fromD.of3.A.repairedB.examinedC.cleanedD.looked4.A.wrongB.dangerC.interesting  D.matter3．巧用具体示例线索解题即根据文章中所提供的具体实例进行分析，将与具体示例有关的信息进行优选，将与具体示例无关的信息进行排除，从而便可得出所需答案。如：Everystudentmustweartheir___1___whentheyareatschool.Thereare___2___itemsofuniforms:suits,dresses,shorts,skirtsandT-shirts.TherearealsoWasleyschoolbags,capsandsocks.1.A.longhair B.thickglasses C.sportsshoes D.schooluniforms2.A.much             B.threeC.manyD.alot4．巧用同义反义线索解题Thoughheisseriousinappearance,heneverfailstobeinteresting.Oftenheisclever,sometimeseven______andgay…A.worriedB.brightC.discouraging         D.friendlyAsitturnedout,mylittlepublicationwentontobecomeStudent,anationalmagazineforyoungpeopleintheU.K.MywifeandIhavetwochildren,andI’dliketothinkwearebringingthemupinthesamewayDad______me.A.controlled B.comforted C.reminded D.raised5．巧用逻辑顺序线索解题即根据文章所提供的内容，同时结合一定的生活常识，对所推断的内容进行逻辑推理和逻辑顺序。如：IwenttoWasleyCollegewithWinnictoday.Wasleyisalarge,old___1___.Ithasthreebranchcampuses(分校):Clunes,GlenWaverlyandElasterwick.Ithasaprimaryschool,a___2___schoolandaseniorschool.Sotherearetwelvegradesof___3___studyingthere.1.A.schoolB.factoryC.movie      D.hospital2.A.nightB.juniorC.highD.spare-time3.A.workers       B.boys       C.studentsD.teachers…HisbigstomachhasalwaysballoonedoutbetweenhisT-shirtandtrousers.Althoughthefamily43aboutit,Edrefusedtobuy44T-shirtorloseweight…Whenthegamefinallyended,bothofuswerelyingflatonourbacks,tootiredto54.Inaway,Ithinkwebothwon:Iwonthegame,butcousinEdmy55.(全国卷)43.A.caredB.forgotC.quarreledD.joked44.A.cleanB.largerC.straightD.darker54.A.playB.startC.sleepD.move55.A.friendshipB.respectC.supportD.favor6.巧用语篇标志线索解题\n语篇一般指比单个句子长的语言单位，如句群、段落、篇章等。语篇与语篇之间往往有表明其内在联系的词语，这些词语可称为语篇标志。如：表示结果层次的语篇标志语有firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally等；表示逻辑关系的有thus,therefore,so等；表示改变话题的有bytheway等；表示时间关系的有before,sofar,yet,now,later等。在做完形填空题时，如果能充分利用这些语篇标志语，就可以迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文的关系。如：Firstofall,Irespectedhisdevotiontoteaching…______,Iadmiredthefactthathewouldtalktostudentsoutsidetheclassroomortalk…Finally,Iwasattractedbyhislivelysenseofhumor.A.Later               B.Secondly           C.However             D.ThereforeWhatlaughing42wehadaboutthe43respectablemethodformovingspaghettifromplatetomouth.44,Iwantedtowriteaboutthat,butIwantedto45itdownsimplyformyown46,notforMr.Fleagle,mycompositionteacher.47,Iwouldwritesomethingelse.44.A.EspeciallyB.ProbablyC.SuddenlyD.FortunatelyIplayedaracquetballgameagainstmycousinEdlastweek.Itwasoneofthemost36andtiringgamesI’veeverhad…(全国卷)A.encouragingB.hopelessC.surprisingD.regularButweransomuchthat,afterwards,wehadtrouble45.A.speakingB.sleepingC.breathingD.moving,forexample,theneatly-dressedwomanIusedtosee--orlookat--onmywaytoworkeachmorning.A.MakeB.TakeC.GiveD.HaveWhenthepaperswere,shediscoveredthattwelveboyshadmadeexactlythesamemistakesthroughoutthetest.A.examinedB.completedC.markedD.answered 7.巧用结构对比线索解题在做完形填空题时，有时会遇到两个结构十分相似的句子，此时同学们应认真比较其结构特点，或根据其相似性推断空格处所填之词，或根据文章的上下文语境判断两个(或几个)相似结构之间的逻辑关系。如：Irealizedstrengthandcouragearen’talwaysmeasuredinmedalsandvictories,butinthestrugglesweovercome(战胜).Thestrongestpeoplearenotalwaysthepeoplewhowin,______thepeoplewhodon’tgiveupwhentheylose.A.orB.norC. andD.butThecorrectwatersupplyforecastisbasedmoreonthewaterfromthe______thanfromthebelow.(辽宁卷)A.clouds B.sky C.air   D.above8.巧用语境暗示线索解题有的空格根据所在句的句意或附近上下文的语境我们无法作出正确的选择，要想作出正确判断，同学们应特别注意空格前后所出现的相关词语，尤其注意找出其中重复出现的暗示性词语。如：FourstudentsfromBurlingtonCollegeofHigherEducationareinthebelltowerofthe______havemadeuptheirmindstoringthebellsnonstopfortwoweeksasaprotest(抗议)againstheavytruckswhichrundayandnightthroughthenarrowHighStreet.(全国卷)A.college B.village        C.town D.churchWaitingabovethecrowdedstreets,ontopofabuilding110storieshigh,wasPhilippePetit.ThisdaringFrenchmanwasaboutto31atightrope(绷索)betweenthetwotowersoftheWorldTradeCenter.A.throwB.walkC.climbD.fix综合方法指导：一、语法ThisautumnwasthewettestsincerecordsbeganintheU.K.Floods_______largepartsofthecountry.A.coveredB.coveredbyC.coveredwithD.rushedawayA\n二、语法+常识MoreandmorefactoriespumpCD2intotheair,andatmosphereacrosstheworld_______.A.burnsB.hotC.warmD.heatsupD三、四个答案对比InAustraliafoldshavecoveredanareathe_______ofthewholeoftheBritain.A.widthB.largeC.lengthD.sizeD四、翻译:◆ThevillageofYaluma__1__inthemountainsofChipas,aprovinceofSouthernMexica,__2__peoplearemanyIndians.1.A.liesB.placeC.laysD.soon2.A.TheirB.It’sC.ItsD.Its’★Rockstars’admirers(崇拜者)wholoverockmusic____1____aboutbilliondollarsayearforrecords.Theypay150millionto____2___rockstarsinperson(亲自).1.A.takeB.costC.wasteD.spend2.A.meetB.interviewC.callD.seeACDD五、连接词★Theyaresomeofthepoorestpeopleinapovertystrickencountry.____nowtheyhaveanextrasourceofincome(收入).A.ButB.AndC.HoweverD.Therefore★Rockstars’admirers(崇拜者)wholoverockmusicspendaboutbilliondollarsayearforrecords.MR.In1956,Mclean,___1___wroteandsang“AmericanPie”,___2___heearnsanadditionaltwocentsoneverysingle___3___ofthesong.1.A.whoB.heC.thatD.as2.A.andB.butC.soD.yet3.A.copyB.recordC.singingD.performance★Manyrockstars__1__likeGraceslickandJefferson.Thoseperformersreturnfromatour,paytheirbells,andbuynewtoys.__2__whentheyneedmoneyagain,theydoanothertour.Theysave__3__moneyandlivefromhandtomouth.1.A.playB.liveC.performD.behave2.A.ButB.ThenC.AndD.,So3.A.noB.muchC.someD.plenty★Englishpeopleseemveryquiet______reserved(缄默的),usually.A.thoughB.andC.evenD.but★Itwasjustgettingdark;therewasatouchoffogandIwasonalonelystretchofroad._____Iwasgoingalongcheerfully.A.ButB.AndC.OtherwiseD.YetOneeveningJackiewasonhiswayhomefromtherailwaystation.Whenheturnedrounda___1____heheardfootstepsbehindhimandhethought___2____wascomingnear.Hebegantowalk____3___.Thefootstepsbecamefaster,too.Hesloweddown.Thefootstepsalso____4____down.1.A.cornerB.parkC.streetD.way2.A.nooneB.someoneC.anyoneD.everyone3.A.slowlyB.moreslowlyC.fastD.faster4.A.putB.slowedC.becameD.turnedAACBBBABAABDB六、词组与翻译★In1990,leaderofallbignationsmetinJapanandagreedtoreduce___1____CD2theyputintotheatmosphere.Tenyears____2____,inNov.2000,theymetagaininHollandtoassess(评估)thesituationanddecidedwhattodonext.1,A.manyB.anumberofC.theamountofD.agoodmany2.A.afterB.lateC.laterD.soon★…….ButIwasgoingalongcheerfully,thinkingaboutthedinnerIwouldeatwhenI___36___toSalisbury.36.A.reachedB.arrivedC.gotD.led\nCCC七、比较四个答案,翻译文章Projects(工程)____1___thisgooverunderthenameof“CarbonTrading”.Thebasic___2___isthatgovernmentsandcompaniescanbuythe_____3___topumpCD2intotheairbyinvesting(投资)ingreen_____4____that6takesitoutagain.1.A.asB.likeC.thesameasD.except2.A.factB.meaningsC.ideaD.things3.A.forestsB.projectsC.rightD.debt4,A,projectsB.plantsC.materialsD.treesBCCA八、前提示★Youngpeoplearespendingunbelievablesumsofmoneytolistentorockmusic.Atleastfifty_______starshaveincomesbetweentwomillionandsixmilliondollarsperyear.A.filmB.rockC.jazzD.movie★NeilYoungwhoperforms____1___tornbluejeans,sometimessingstoanaudienceof10,000,eachofwhomhaspaidfivedollarsforaticket.____2____payingexpenses,Youngleaveswithabout$18,000inhisblue____3____attheendofanevening.1.A.inB.withC.forD.on2.A.BeforeB.BesideC.AfterD.Except3.A.shirtB.trousersC.coatD.JeansBACD九、抓住主要信息词(本文的主体---核心),比较四个答案,最后排除不可能的选项.“Itdoesn’t_____1____,”saidoneoftheoldermusicmillionaires,whomadeamilliondollarsayearwhenhewaspopular,inthe1950s.“performersaren’tworththiskindofmoney.Infact,___2___is.”A.makeeffortsB.makeprogressC.makesenseD.makemoneyA.everybodyB.nobodyC.somebodyD.anybodyCB十、形容词的选择（并列连词的作用）★Ifwemakeanoiseonthebustheylook______anduncomfortable.A.untouchedB.worriedC.movedD.excited★Hellenwasanoldteacherwithawarmsmileand_________eyes.A.burstingB.freezingC.friendlyD.livelyBC十一、后暗示Inthis__1__,professorsalwaystakeeveryopportunitytopushtextbooksasideandexposestudentstoreal___2__.A.classroomB.meansC.universityD.hallA.factsB.lessonsC.adventuresD.experiencesCD十二、综合演示LastSundayIsawtheworststorminyears.Atfirst，theskygrew＿1＿＿＿allofa sudden.Withinminutes，forksoflighteningforcedawayinthesky.Thenitwas＿＿2＿＿bytheboom－boom－boomof＿＿3＿＿.Averystrongwindblewintomyroom.Myvaluablenotes＿＿4＿＿highintotheair.Ijumpedupto＿＿5＿＿thembutunluckilyafewsheets＿＿6＿＿outoftheopenwindow.AsIranouttogetthenotes，bigdropsofrainbeganto＿＿7＿＿.AssoonasIranintothehouse，the＿＿8＿＿begantopourinwaves.I＿＿9＿＿toclosethewindows.Ididitbutwaswetallover.ThenIheardasuddenloud＿＿10＿＿fromthebackofthehouse.Atreewasbroken. 1.A.bright    B.grey     C.blue      D.dark 2.A.followed  B.caused   C.made      D.brought 3.A.rain      B.thunder  C.wind      D.storm 4.A.threw     B.jumped   C.flew      D.rose 5.A.take      B.catch    C.draw      D.stop 6.A.moved     B.came     C.ran      D.sailed 7.A.fall      B.rain    C.drop      D.burst 8.A.storm     B.water    C.wind      \nD.rain 9.A.walked    B.fought   C.went      D.got 10.A.explosionB.scream   C.voice     D.soundABCBDADBDD策略与演练：1、逻辑推理.Afriendofminetakinganadvancedpsychology(心理学)coursespendseverySaturdayworkingwithmentally(智力上)_____46_____children,which,thoughalittletiring,shefoundvaluable(有价值的).Her____47____arespentplayingwiththekidsand____48_____theirsometimesuncontrolled(失控的)behavior.Theninheafternoonshewritesa_____49____onherobservations(观察).46.A.harmedB.hurtC.disabledD.excited47.A.holidaysB.morningsC.weekendsD.experiments48.A.helpingB.preventingC.enjoyingD.studying49.A.storyB.diaryC.reportD.noteStudentsgenerallyappreciate(认可)thesespecial_____50_____opportunities(机会).Theyarealmostalwaysfunandinteresting,andprofessors______51_____themtoobecausestudentslearnsomuchinjustafewshortmonths.50.A.workingB,livingC.teachingD.learning51.A.holdB.likeC.dislikeD.discoverThe________oftheearthismadeofanumberofdifferentplates.A.outsideB.insideC.surfaceD.water2、关连词的重要性(特别是转折、并列…..)Noonedenies(否认)the____1____ofclassroomlearning.Butitcanonlytakethestudentsthis____2_____.Slices(幻灯片)andtextbooksmaydoagoodjobofcarryingfactsanddetails(细节),butcreativity(创造力)ofthoughtcannotbe____3____.Theycanonlybedevelopedthrough_____4____experience.1.A.deedB.valueC.effectD.success2.A.farB.longC.wayD.direction3.A.gotB,foundC.taughtD.practiced4.A.self—educatedB.self–serviceC.first—handD.up–to—date3、抓住中心意思-----围绕什么话题(在文章中出现频率最多的词)EveryThursdayafternoon,myarthistoryclassmeetsnotinourusuallecturehall(演讲厅)butinouruniversityArtMuseum.Wespendourone-hourclassdiscussingtwoorthereofthe___1___,manyofwhicharebyartiststhatwehavealreadystudiedinclass.Theprofessorbeginsbyselectingone___2___ofart.Aftergivingusaquickbackgroundontheartist,hewillopenupforclass___3___.Everyoneisencouragedtogive____4___onhework.Noteverypiecewestudyis___5___famousorstrikinginappearanceandsubjectmatter,yetwealwaysmanagetomakesomeinterestingobservations(评论).1.A.subjectsB.paintingsC.speechesD.lectures2.A.bookB.passageC.textD.work3.A.discussionB.activityC.argumentD.consideration4.A.questionsB.ideasC.commentsD.thoughts5.A.necessarilyB.ratherC.nearlyD.too技巧演练：请根据以上讲的方法做下列两个完形填空题。（一）、在两句之间不能对答案做出选择，或四个选项都有可能正确。一定不能盲目做出决定。应该继续读下去，寻找信息词，做出相应的选择。或在文章中寻找直接与答案相同的词汇或短语。MycousinJohnisauniversitystudent.HehasjustreturnedfromItaly(意大利).Beforehelefthesaidhewouldbebackverysoon.“Iamnot\n____31____enoughtostaytherelongerthanaweek,”hetoldmefrankly(坦城地).Butbythetimehereturned,hehad___32___inItalyfortwomonths.“Howdidyou____33___tostayinItalyforsucha___34___time?”Iaskedhim.Johnsmiled,“Igave____35__lessonstoahotelmanager(经理),”hesaid,”andinreturnhe___36___mestayinhishotelforfree(免费).“CanhespeakEnglishwell？”31.A.oldB.richC.tallD.well（推理）32.A.livedB.studiedC.stayedD.worked（下文提示）33.A.manageB.tryC.wantD.wish（词汇区别）34.A.goodB.niceC.hardD.long（暗示）35.A.EnglishB.FrenchC.ItalianD.German（暗示）36.A.getB.helpedC.letD.made（词汇区别）（二）、读懂全文的意义、然后找到重点词语（climbinggrowpopular…..）、联系生活实际为合理化推论奠定基础。Then,mountain---climbingbegantogrowpopularasasport.Tosomepeople,thereissomethinggreatly___28____aboutgettingtothe___29____ofahighmountain:astruggleagainstnatureisfinerthanabattle___30____otherhumanbegins.Andthen,whenyouareatthemountaintopafteralonganddifficult____31____,whata___32____reward(奖品)itistobeabletolook___33___oneverythingwithin___34____!Atsuchtime,youfeelhappierandprouderthanyoucaneverfeeldown___35___.28.A.pleasantB,interestedC,dangerousD.terrible（前提示）29.A.footB.spotC.topD.tip（联想）30.A.withB.toC,againstD.between（前提示）31.A.fightB.climbC.walkD.running（全文的中心是……）32.A.surprisingB.satisfactoryC.disappointingD.astonishing（联想）33.A.behindB.upC.downD.around（生活实际）34.A.milesB.minutesC.seeingD.sight（生活实际）35.A.aboveB,belowC.underD.away（生活实际）