【火线100天】2022中考化学 化学方程式的书写专项训练

化学方程式的书写专项训练一、物质与氧气的反应(1)单质与氧气的反应（化合反应）1.镁在空气中燃烧：________________________________________________________________2.铁在氧气中燃烧：_________________________________________________________________3.铜在空气中受热：_________________________________________________________________4.铝在空气中燃烧：_________________________________________________________________5.氢气在空气中燃烧：_______________________________________________________________6.红磷在空气中燃烧：_______________________________________________________________7.硫粉在空气中燃烧：_______________________________________________________________8.碳在氧气中充分燃烧：_____________________________________________________________9.碳在氧气中不充分燃烧：___________________________________________________________(2)化合物与氧气的反应10.一氧化碳在氧气中燃烧：__________________________________________________________11.甲烷在空气中燃烧：______________________________________________________________12.酒精在空气中燃烧：______________________________________________________________二、几个分解反应13.水在直流电的作用下分解：________________________________________________________14.加热氯酸钾（有少量的二氧化锰）：_________________________________________________15.加热高锰酸钾：__________________________________________________________________16.碳酸不稳定而分解：______________________________________________________________17.高温煅烧石灰石：________________________________________________________________三、还原金属氧化物的几个反应18.氢气还原氧化铜：________________________________________________________________19.木炭还原氧化铜：________________________________________________________________20.焦炭还原氧化铁：________________________________________________________________21.一氧化碳还原氧化铜：____________________________________________________________22.一氧化碳还原氧化铁：____________________________________________________________23.一氧化碳还原四氧化三铁：________________________________________________________四、单质、氧化物、酸、碱、盐的相互反应(1)金属单质+酸——盐+氢气（置换反应）24.锌和稀硫酸：_____________________________________________________________________25.铁和稀硫酸：_____________________________________________________________________26.镁和稀硫酸：_____________________________________________________________________27.铝和稀硫酸：_____________________________________________________________________28.锌和稀盐酸：_____________________________________________________________________29.铁和稀盐酸：_____________________________________________________________________30.镁和稀盐酸：_____________________________________________________________________31.铝和稀盐酸：_____________________________________________________________________(2)金属单质+盐（溶液）——另一种金属单质+另一种盐（溶液）（置换反应）32.铁和硫酸铜溶液反应：_____________________________________________________________33.锌和硫酸铜溶液反应：_____________________________________________________________34.铜和硝酸银溶液反应：_____________________________________________________________(3)某些金属氧化物+酸——盐+水（复分解反应）35.氧化铁和稀盐酸反应：_____________________________________________________________36.氧化铁和稀硫酸反应：_____________________________________________________________(4)某些非金属氧化物+碱——盐+水37．苛性钠暴露在空气中变质：________________________________________________________3\n38．苛性钠吸收三氧化硫气体：______________________________________________________39．消石灰放在空气中变质：__________________________________________________________(5)酸+碱——盐+水（复分解反应）40．盐酸和烧碱反应：________________________________________________________________41.盐酸和氢氧化钙反应：_____________________________________________________________42.氢氧化铝药物治疗胃酸过多：________________________________________________________43.硫酸和烧碱反应：__________________________________________________________________(6)酸+盐——另一种酸+另一种盐（复分解反应）44．大理石与稀盐酸反应：____________________________________________________________45．碳酸钠与稀盐酸反应:______________________________________________________________46．碳酸氢钠与稀盐酸反应:____________________________________________________________47．碳酸镁与稀盐酸反应:_____________________________________________________________48.硫酸和氯化钡溶液反应：____________________________________________________________(7)碱+盐——另一种碱+另一种盐（复分解反应）49．氢氧化钠与硫酸铜：______________________________________________________________50.氢氧化钙与碳酸钠：________________________________________________________________(8)盐+盐——两种新盐（复分解反应）51．氯化钠溶液和硝酸银溶液：_________________________________________________________52．硫酸铜和氯化钡：_________________________________________________________________五、其他反应53．二氧化碳溶解于水：_______________________________________________________________54．生石灰溶于水：___________________________________________________________________55.葡萄糖在酶的催化作用下缓慢氧化：___________________________________________________参考答案3\n1.2Mg+O22MgO2.3Fe+2O2 Fe3O43.2Cu+O22CuO4.4Al+3O22Al2O35.2H2+O2 2H2O6.4P+5O22P2O57.S+O2 SO28.C+O2 CO29.2C+O2 2CO10.2CO+O2 2CO211.CH4+2O2 CO2+2H2O12.C2H5OH+3O2 2CO2+3H2O13.2H2O2H2↑+O2↑14.2KClO32KCl+3O2↑15.2KMnO4K2MnO4+MnO2+O2↑16.H2CO3==H2O+CO2↑17.CaCO3CaO+CO2↑18.H2+CuOCu+H2O19.C+2CuO2Cu+CO2↑20.3C+2Fe2O3 4Fe+3CO2↑21.CO+CuOCu+CO222.3CO+Fe2O3 2Fe+3CO223.4CO+Fe3O4 3Fe+4CO224.Zn+H2SO4==ZnSO4+H2↑25.Fe+H2SO4==FeSO4+H2↑26.Mg+H2SO4==MgSO4+H2↑27.2Al+3H2SO4==Al2(SO4)3+3H2↑28.Zn+2HCl==ZnCl2+H2↑29.Fe+2HCl==FeCl2+H2↑30.Mg+2HCl==MgCl2+H2↑31.2Al+6HCl==2AlCl3+3H2↑32.Fe+CuSO4==FeSO4+Cu33.Zn+CuSO4==ZnSO4+Cu34.Cu+2AgNO3==Cu(NO3)2+2Ag35.Fe2O3+6HCl==2FeCl3+3H2O36.Fe2O3+3H2SO4==Fe2(SO4)3+3H2O37．2NaOH+CO2==Na2CO3+H2O38．2NaOH+SO3==Na2SO4+H2O39．Ca(OH)2+CO2==CaCO3↓+H2O40．HCl+NaOH==NaCl+H2O41.2HCl+Ca(OH)2==CaCl2+2H2O42.3HCl+Al(OH)3==AlCl3+3H2O43.H2SO4+2NaOH==Na2SO4+2H2O44．CaCO3+2HCl==CaCl2+H2O+CO2↑45．Na2CO3+2HCl==2NaCl+H2O+CO2↑46．NaHCO3+HCl==NaCl+H2O+CO2↑47．MgCO3+2HCl==MgCl2+H2O+CO2↑48.H2SO4+BaCl2==BaSO4↓+2HCl49．2NaOH+CuSO4==Cu(OH)2↓+Na2SO450.Ca(OH)2+Na2CO3==CaCO3↓+2NaOH51．NaCl+AgNO3==AgCl↓+NaNO352．CuSO4+BaCl2==BaSO4↓+CuCl253．CO2+H2O==H2CO354．CaO+H2O==Ca(OH)255.C6H12O6+6O2酶6H2O+6CO2 3