牛津译林版必修4高中英语 Unit2 Sporting events Grammar and usage课件

欢迎来到英语课堂牛津高中英语(模块四·高一下学期)AdvancewithEnglishGrammarandusageUnit2SportingeventsModalverbs课件描述：通过对情态动词的介绍来帮助学生学习掌握情态动词。情态动词没有人称和数的变化，有词义，但是不完整，不能单独做谓语，必须和不带to的动词不定式连用。abilitycertaintypermissionobligationmakerequestsmakesuggestionsmakeoffersgiveadvice能力义务,责任确定允许提出请求提出建议提供帮忙提出忠告Modalverbs:generalintroduction(1)Hecanrunthe100msprintin11seconds.(2)Canthislittlegirlreadbeforeshegoestotheprimaryschool?abilitycan表示可能性时，指的是理论上的可能，它通常不用来表示某事实际发生的可能性或真实性。如：Accidentscanhappen.Anybodycanmakemistakes．can/beabletocan/beabletoability在过去时态的肯定句中需要某种条件或努力做成某事，我们要用was／wereableto而不能用could。如：Itwasaholidayandthechildrenwereabletogototheseaside．Thegirlworkedhardsoshewasabletopassthefinaltest．I’msorryIhaven’tbeenabletoplaytenniswithyourecently.obligationoughtto/shouldoughtto与should意思接近，大多数情况下二者可以互换，但是should谈的是自己的主观看法,用于各种人称。oughtto则更多反映客观情况，在谈到法律、义务和规定时使用。如：Weshould／oughttohelpeachotherandlearnfromeachotherinourwork．Youshouldn’tspendsomuchtimeplaying.Sheisyourmother,soyououghttosupporther．Oughthetogo?Yes,Ithinkheought(to).haveto/mustobligationmust与haveto都可以表示“必须”的意思，但要注意以下两点区别。1)must只有现在时，而haveto有现在时、过去时和将来时。如：Wemustworkhard,orwe’llfailintheexamination．Twoyearsago,thepoorgirlhadtoleaveschoolforlackofmoney．2)must表示主观看法，haveto则侧重于客观需要。如：Wemustbestrictwithourselvesineverything．Incitieswithmanycars,somepeoplehavetowearmasks．obligationhaveto/mustShemightwinamedalattheOlympics.Shemaybeathomenow.Shecouldreadandwriteattheageof4.Sheshouldcometojoinus.Sheoughtto/will/musthelpmewheneverIamintrouble.certaintymight/may/could/should/oughtto/will/mustveryuncertaintyalmostcertaintycan/could/may/mightcould比can更委婉，might比may更委婉—CanIwatchtheOlympics?—Yes,youcan.No,youcan’t.—MayIwatchTVafterfinishingmyhomework?—Yes,youmay./No,youmustn’t./No,youmaynot./No,you’dbetternot.permissioninformal/spokenformal/written—Will/Can/Could/Wouldyouhelpmewithmytraining?—Yes,Iwill/can/can/will.will/can/could/wouldmakerequestsinformalformalmakesuggestionsshall常用于第一，三人称，表示征求对方意见。—Shallwe/I/he/she/theydosomeexercisethismorning?—Yes.—Shallhecomein?—Ok.makeoffersI’llwashyoursportsjacket.ShallIgetaticketforyou?Shallwecarrythebooksforyou?ShallIcleantheblackboardforyou?giveadviceYoushouldnot/oughtnottoeatalotbeforeswimming.Thestudentsshouldspendalltheirtimeworkingattheirlessons.和其他时态的连用Theboysmaybeplayingfootballontheplayground.Theboysmayhavefinishedtheirhomeworkbythetimeschoolisover.Heplaysbasketballverywell.Hemusthavepracticeditalot.OurheadmastermusthavebeentoUSA,forheknowsthecountrysomuch.musthavedone的反意疑问句Youmusthaveseenthefilm,haven’tyou?Youmusthaveseenthefilmlastweek,didn’tyou?Hisparentsmusthavebeatenhim,haven’tthey?Hisparentsmusthavebeatenhimyesterday,didn’tthey?shall可以用来征求对方意见。用于第一、三人称。此外它也可以用来表示说话人的命令、警告、允诺、威胁或决心等，这时它用于第二、三人称。如：Shallshegototheconcertwithusthisevening?(征求意见)Youshallgotothefrontatonce．(命令)Don’tworry．Youshallgettheanswerthisveryafternoon．（允诺）Heshallbesorryoneday．Itellyou．(警告)Nothingshallstopusfromfightingagainstpollution．(决心)shall/willwill在肯定句中表示意愿或决心时，是可以用于条件状语从句的。在疑问句中用于第二、三人称表示意愿。如：Willyougohikingwithmeinthemountain?Willhepayforme?Ifyouwilllistentome,I’llgiveyousomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglish．Ifyouwillcomethisway,themanagerwillmeetyou．shall/willmustn’t/needn’tmustn’t解释为“不准，不许”，语气强烈；needn’t“不需要，没必要”，语气缓和。Youmustn’tmissthisfootballmatch.It’sveryimportant.Youneedn’twatchthegameifyoudon’twantto.—Mustwecleantheclassroom?—Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t.need/dare作为情态动词时，两个词常用于疑问句和否定句。—NeedIhelpyou?—Yes,please.Youneedn’ttelephonehimnow.Howdareyoutalktotheteacherlikethat?Thegirldarenotgooutaloneatnight.用作实义动词时，可用于各种句式．Weneedtotellhimthenews.Youdon’tneedtotellhimthenews.Dotheflowersneedwatering?Ididn’tdaretotellyouthetruth.Wouldyoudaretocatchthesnakewithyourhand?Theboydarestodoanythinghelikes.need/dareHaveatry!Aleft-luggageofficeisaplacewherebags____beleftforashorttime,especiallyatarailwaystation.A.shouldB.canC.mustD.willB2.How___yousaythatyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhavecoveredonlypartofthearticle?A.canB.mustC.needD.mayA3.—Theroomissodirty.____wecleanit?—Ofcourse.A.WillB.ShallC.WouldD.DoB4.MyEnglish-Chinesedictionaryhasdisappeared.Who___havetakenit?A.shouldB.mustC.couldD.wouldC5.—Ihearyou’vegotasetofvaluableAustraliancoins.___Ihavealook?—Yes,certainly.A.DoB.MayC.ShallD.ShouldB6.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You___homewithoutaword.A.mustn’tleaveB.shouldn’thaveleftC.couldn’thaveleftD.needn’tleaveB7.—AreyoucomingtoJeff’sparty?—I’mnotsure.I__gototheconcertinstead.A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.mightD8.Sorry,I’mlate.I____haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.A.mightB.shouldC.canD.willA9.—WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.—They___bereadyby12:00.A.canB.shouldC.mightD.needB10.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone____getout.A.hadtoB.wouldC.wasabletoD.couldC11.Whenhewasthere,he___gotothatcoffeeshopatthecornerafterworkeveryday.A.wouldB.shouldC.hadbetterD.mightA12.Iwonderhowhe__thattotheteacher.A.daretosayB.daresayingC.notdaresayD.daredsayD