初中英语人教版新目标2025届中考词汇精讲系列1006

中考英语词汇精讲able['eɪb(ə)l](adj.)有才干的；聪颖的【反义词】（adj.）unable【词性转化】ability(n.)能力enable(v.)使某人能够做某事,使...成为可能【搭配】1.beabletodosth.能够做某事2.enablesb.todosth.使某人能够做某事3.thedisabled残疾人：the+adj.一类人4.havetheabilitytodosth.做某事的能力Exercise1:1.Learningandpracticingwillsurelyenableustomakegreatprogress.（able）2.Thesoftwareshouldenableustocreateourownvideos.(able)3.Toachieveyourdream,youshouldworktothebestofyourability.(able).2:Translation:(1)英文电影能让我们了解更多外国文化。（enable）Englishmoviesenableustolearnmoreaboutforeigncultures.(2)公众从不怀疑他处理工作的能力。(ability)Thepublicneverdoubthisabilitytodealwith/handlethejob/work.Exercise3:句型转换考点：(1)was/wereabletodo转化为manageto解释为“过去得以成功做成某事”。=succeedindoingsth.Thecustomerwasabletoescapethedeathinthetyphoonyesterday.managed_to_escape(2)beunabletodo相当于failtodosth../failin.Heneverstudieshard,sohewasn’tabletopasstheexam.（改为同义句）=Heneverstudieshard,sohefailedtopasstheexam.=Heneverstudieshard,sohefailedintheexam.about/a'baut/(prep.)大约(=moreorlessthan),adv.大约；到处；四处【例】Heisaboutthirtyyearsold.（他大约三十岁了。）【词组】walkabout=wander徘徊,四处走来走去；askaboutsth.询问【搭配】(l)was/wereabouttodosth.即将做某事....(2)Howaboutdoing/whataboutdoing/whynotdosth./whydon’tyoudosth.怎么样？(1)我们正要出发，突然天下雨了。(when)Wewereabouttoset_out/off_whenitsuddenlyrained.(2)电影将要开始。(about)Themovieisabouttostart.(3)短暂休息会儿怎么样？Whatabouttakingashortbreak?above[ə'bʌv](adj.)上面的,的上述的(adv.)在…面上面(prep.)在…上方【难点1】above&on&over辨析：(1)above在上方【反义词】below(2)over垂直上方；越过【反义词】under5,(3)on有接触面上方cookamealoverthefire在火上烧饭setsth.onfire纵火烧。。。介词图示意义例句on在……上面Theboatis_on_theriver.那条船在河上。Over在……（正）上方Thereareseveralbridgesovertheriver.河上有好几座桥越过under在……（正）下方Theboatsailedunderthebridge.船在桥下行驶above在……上方Theplaneflewabovetheclouds.飞机在云上飞行。below在……下方Thesunsinksbelowthehorizon.太阳沉没在地平线下。Exercise:(1).Thebookisonthebook.(2).Thelampisoverthetable.(3).Look!somebirdsareflyingabovetheclouds.补充：above和over都可以表示位置，地位，数量等的“超出”。(4)Iceisnotoftenseenhereinwinterasthetemperaturenormallystays___zero.A)upB)downC)aboveD)below(5).Lookupinthesky!Youcanseeaplaneflying__thecity___theclouds.A)above；throughB)on；withC)through；aboveD)across；in【难点2】【短语】1.aboveall最为重要的是，尤为重要的是2.afterall毕竟，终究(1)最重要的是工作必须在九点之前由我们自己独立完成。Aboveall=mostimportantly,theworkmustbefinishedbeforeninebyourselves/onourown.(2)Thereisnoneedtopickathimalldaylong.Afterall,heisachild不要老是对他唠唠叨叨,他毕竟还是个孩子嘛abroad(adv.)往国外【区别】foreign(adj.)外国的一门外语:aforeignlanguage【搭配】(1)出国：goabroad(2)在国外：beabroad(3)在国内外：athomeandabroad;domestic国内的(4)居住在国外：liveabroad(5)到国外旅游：travelabroad.aboard(adv)在船上,在飞机上他们终于登上了飞机。Theyfinallywentaboardtheplane.boardv.登上；n.板板boardingpass:登机牌5,accept(vt.)接受,认可【区别】receive(vt.)收到这个年轻的女孩收了邀请卡，但是她没有同意赴约Theyounggirlreceivedtheinvitation,butshedidn’tacceptit.【搭配】(l)接受某人的邀请/道歉:acceptone’sinvitation/apology(2)普遍认为:It’swidely/generallyacceptedthat…普遍认为失败是成功之母。It’sgenerallyacceptedthatfailureisthemotherofsuccess.accident(n.)事故,意外事件atrafficaccident交通事故【词性转化】Accidentaladj.偶然的；意外的Accidentallyadv.偶然地；意外地【区别】*incident(n.)事件event---重大事件不可预料的/政治的事件:unexpected/politicalincident【搭配】偶然；偶尔:byaccident=bychance_=accidentally=happentodosth.【习题链接】IhappenedtomeetmyprimaryclassmateinCenturyAvenue（同义句转换）ImetmyprimaryclassmateinCenturyAvenuebyaccident/chanceaccurate(adj.)准确的【词性转换】Accurately(adv.)准确地Accuracy(n.)(U)精确性,准确度à例句:Thepolicemansaidthiswasthemostaccuratedescription.瞥察说这是最精确的描述。**不准确的：inaccurateachieve(v.)（胜利）完成,达到【词性转换】achievement(n.)成就【搭配】(1)获得成功:achievesuccess(2)实现梦想achieveone’sdreamachieveone’sgoalHeachievedhisgoalfinally.最后他实现了目标。across(prep.)在…面的对面(adv.)横过crossn.十字形的东西v.越过;穿过walk/goacrossthestreet横穿马路=cross(v.)thestreetacross&through辨析:前者是：横穿；平面的穿过后者是:纵向穿行；立体的内部穿过Theroadisn’twideenoughforthebustogothrough纵向的穿过穿行(1)Itiseasytobelostifyougothroughtheforestalone.(2)Walk_throughthebridge,andyouwillfindthebankonyourleft.(3)WhileIwastakingabus__thenewtunnelundertheHuangpuRiver,myfriendsweretakingaBoat____theriver.A)through；acrossB)across；throughC)through；throughD)across；across5,act(v.)表演action(n.)措施,举措takeimmediateaction/measurestodosth.对…立刻采取措施actorn演员actress(n.)女演员active(adj.)积极的beactiveinsth.takepartinsth.actively=takeanactivepartinsth.=*participateinsth.actively积极参与activity(n.)活动课内活动:in-classactivity课外活动:after-classactivity*extracurricularactivity我认为并不是所有的人都应该积极参与到社会活动中去。Idon’tthinkeveryoneshouldtakeanactivepartin+thesocialactivities.【介词图示意义例句】Across横过、越过……Iftheroadisbusy,don’twalkacross_it.如果道路拥挤，就不要横穿马路。through穿过……Wedrovethroughthetunnel.我们开车穿过了隧道。actuallyadv.实际上；现实地【词性转化】Actualadj.实际的;真实的【同义词】infact=asamatteroffactHeseemstobedoingnothing,butactuallyheiswaitingforachance.他看上去什么都没做，其实他在等待机会。add(v.)增加【词性转化】n.addition(U/C)加;增加的人/物adj.另外的additionaladv.另外地additionally【搭配】除....以外（还）:inaddition=besides_(1)WecanpracticespokenEnglishintheEnglishcorner.Inaddition/Besides,wecanknowmoreaboutforeignculture.我们可以在英语角练习英语口语。此外，我们还可以了解更多国外的文化。(2)Inadditionto=besideshardwork,weneedsomegoodwaystosucceed.(add)besides；除了。。也（包含在内）【同类辨析】except：除了。（不包含）同类AllofuswenthikingexceptLisa,forshedidn’tfeelverywell.exceptfor不同类：除了。。。之外exceptthat+句子：除了。。。之外Theconcertiswonderfulexceptthatthehallisalittlecold.but和不定代词使用：He’snothingbutanidiot.ànothingbut…只不过是；就是He’sanythingbutagenius.绝对不是。。。Thiscomposition作文waswrittenverywellexceptforsomespellingmistakes.整体中除了某些小瑕疵美中不足Thiscoatfitsherexceptfor_itscolor.5,.TheofficeisopeneverydayexceptSundays.BesidesMrWang,wealsowenttoseethefilm.ExceptforWuhan,everyoneishereinourclassbecausehehasgonetothemovietheater.位置：如果表示不包含，排除在外，放在句首，必须要把except改为exceptforfor/because;for表示因为不能放句首because【相关词组搭配】addto增加了①：这个突如其来的暴风雪给上海雪上加霜。TheunexpectedstormaddedtodifficultiestoSH.②：恶劣天气增加了徒步旅行的难度。Thebadweatheraddedtothedifficultyofhiking.addsth.to给…加上…给墙加上一块砖addabricktothewalladdmilktothecoffeeaddupto数量总计为…=intotal数量总计例句：Thenumberofthestudentshereaddsupto60/is60altogether(adv.)这里所有的学生加起来有60人。addressn.地址Sorry,Ican’thearyouclearly.Willyoupleaserepeatyoure-mailaddress?I’llwriteitdown.对不起，我听不清楚你说的。请你再说一遍你的邮箱地址，好吗？我把它写下来。adultn.成年人,成年的adulthoodn.成年时期未成年人：teenager;adolescent青春期：adolescenceYouhavespentyourwholechildhoodinonecountry,andyouarebecominganadultinanothercountry.你整个童年都在一个国家生活，而在另外一个国豕步入成年。Theyhaveanadultson.他们有一个成年的儿子。adopt(v.)采纳,领养采纳运用技术；手段方法；【词性转化】adopted(adj.)被收养的,被采用的,孤苦伶仃的adoptionn.(U/C)采取;收养你是领养。我不是你的亲身父亲：Youareadopted.I’mnotyourbiologicalfather.à汤姆为了秘密任务采用一个别名Tomadoptedanicknameforthesecrettask.立即采取措施做某事：take/adoptimmediateaction/measurestodosth.采取有效的措施做某事：take/adopteffectiveaction/measurestodosth.形近词对比：adapt*固定【搭配】adaptto适应孩子们觉得很难适应新学校。（adapt）觉得做某事很。。think/finditadj.todosth.**Thechildrenfinditdifficulttoadapttothenewschool5