初中英语人教新目标八年级上册Unit1 Where did you go on vacation单元知识点

八年级英语上册Unit1知识点【Usefulexpressions】1.goonvacation去度假2.goshopping购物3.goout外出(娱乐)4.gotosummercamp去夏令营5.gotothebeach去海滩6.gotothemountains去爬山7.buysth.forsb.(=buysb.sth.)给某人买某物8.keepadiary记日记9.nothing...but+V.(原形)除了……之外什么都没有10.seem+(tobe)+adj看起来11.longtimenosee好久不见12.mostofthetime大多数时间13.studyfortests备考14.feedhens喂母鸡15.quiteafew相当多；不少16.visitmuseums参观博物馆17.visitmyuncle拜访我叔叔18.stayathome待在家19.tastegood尝起来不错；taste+adj.尝起来……20.inthecountryside在乡下21.alongtheway沿途22.anothertwohours(=twomorehours)另外两个小时23.becauseof因为（后接名词代词动名词，because+从句）24.thenextday第二天25.feellike有……的感觉；感受到，feeldoingsth.想要做某事26.decidetodosth.决定做某事27.enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事28.startdoingsth.开始做某事=begindoingsth.29.stopdoingsth.停止做某事区分：stoptodosth.停下来去做某事30.dislikedoingsth.不喜欢做某事31.trydoingsth.尝试做某事/trytodosth.尽力做某事32.forgettodosth.忘记去做某事/forgetdoingsth忘记做过某事33.so+adj+that+从句如此……以至于……34.tellsb.(not)todosth.告诉某人（不要）做某事35.findout查明；弄清36.comeup升起37.inthepast在过去38.takephotos照相39.toomanypeople太多的人（toomany+可数名词复数，toomuch+不可数名词，muchtoo+形容词或副词）40.walkaround四处走走41.walkuptothetop走到顶部42.arrivein+大地点=getto=reach+地点名“到达......”7,arriveat+小地点（注：若后跟地点副词here/there/home,介词需省略，如：arrivehere;gethome）43.rainhard雨下得很大=rainheavily44.bringback带回来45.jumpupanddowninexcitement兴奋地跳来跳去46.learnsomethingimportant学一些重要的东西47.haveafuntime过得很愉快；玩得非常开心48.intheshoppingcenter在购物中心49.keepdoingsth.继续做某事50.goon继续【Targetsentences】1.—Wheredidyougoonvacation?—Iwentto…2.—Didyou…?—Yes,Idid./No,Ididn’t.3.Oh,didyougoanywhereinteresting?4.Wetookquiteafewphotosthere.5.Ijuststayedathomemostofthetimetoreadandrelax.6.Itwassunnyandhot,sowedecidedtogotothebeachnearourhotel.7.IfeellikeIwasabird.8.Whatadifferenceadaymakes!9.Andbecauseofthebadweather,wecouldn’tseeanythingbelow.10.Ireallyenjoyedwalkingaroundthetown.11.Wewaitedoveranhourforthetrainbecausethereweretoomanypeople.12.MylegsweresotiredthatIwantedtostop.13.Myclassmatestoldmetokeepgoing,soIwenton.【Languagepoints】1.Wheredidyougoonvacation?onvacation度假；休假onvacation表示一种状态，其中vacation意为“假期”，与holiday同义。“on+某些名词”表示“在某种状态中”，如：onduty“值日”，onfire“着火”。IwenttoXiamenonvacationlastmonth.2.gowithanyoneanyonepron.任何人anyone是由“any+one”构成的复合不定代词，意为“任何人”，相当于anybody，常用于疑问句、否定句及条件句中，也可用于肯定句中。Ididn’tseeanyoneinthetheater.Anyonecanborrowbooksfromthelibrary.3.buyanythingspecial形容词修饰复合不定代词的位置special修饰anything。当形容词修饰复合不定代词时,要放在复合不定代词的后面，即“不定代词+adj.”。Didyoufindanythingfunnyinthebook?Wasthereanythinginterestingonthenewsthisevening?4.Oh,didyougoanywhereinteresting?anywhereadv.在任何地方作副词，常用于否定句和疑问句中,意为“在任何地方”；如果用在肯定句中，则表示“7,无论何处，随便哪个地方”。Areyougoinganywheretonight?Icannotfinditanywhere.Anaccidentcanhappenanywhere.5.Wetookquiteafewphotosthere.（1）takephotos拍照takephotos/aphotoof意为“给······拍照”。Iliketakingphotoswithmymobilephone.Couldyoutakeaphotoofus?（2）quiteafew相当多；不少相当于many,修饰可数名词复数。Quiteafewstudentstookpartinthesportsmeeting.6.Ijuststayedathomemostofthetimetoreadandrelax.mostadj.,adv.&pron.最多；大多数most在此处作代词，意为“大多数”，常与of连用。mostof后如果接复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式；如果接单数名词或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。Mostofmyfriendslikepopmusic.Mostofthebuildingisyellow.7.Yes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather.buysth.forsb.为某人买某物buysth.forsb.=buysb.sth.（当sb.和sth.都为代词时，只能用buysth.forsb.）Iboughtascarfformymotheronherbirthday.8.Everythingtastedreallygood!tastev.有······的味道taste在此处作连系动词，意为“尝起来；有······的味道”后接形容词作表语，不用于进行时。Thetwocheesestasteverydifferent.Howdoesittastelike?9.Itwassunnyandhot,sowedecidedtogotothebeachnearourhotel.decidev.决定；选定decideonsth.决定/选定某事decide(not)todosth.决定（不）做某事；Thedoctordecidedtogivehimsomemedicinefirst.Pleasedecideontheformofpayment.Cash,creditcardorAlipay.【拓展】decision作名词，意为“决定；抉择”。makeadecision做决定IwanttothinkaboutitbeforeImakeadecision.10.MysisterandItriedparagliding.tryv.&n.尝试；设法；努力（1）try在此作及物动词，意为“尝试；设法；努力”，其后常接名词、代词、动词-ing或不定式。Hetriedhisfortuneinanothercity.Hetriedwritinganovelbutfailed.（2）try还可作可数名词，意为“尝试”，常用单数形式。haveatry意为“试一试”。Shecouldn’tbreaktherecord,butitwasagoodtry.Thatisnotdifficult.Youcanhaveatry.7,11.IfeltlikeIwasabird.feellike有······的感觉；感到feellike后常接名词或从句，意为“有······的感觉；感到”。Ifeellikeafishinthesea.Hefeelslikethathehaslostthewholeworld.【拓展】feellike还有“想要”的意思，常用于口语中。feellikesth./feellikedoingsth.想要某物/想做某事。Doyoufeellikeanotherdirnk?It'srainingoutside.Idon'tfeellikegoingout.12.Iwonderwhatlifewaslikehereinthepast.wonderv.想知道；琢磨wonder作动词,意为“想知道；琢磨”，相当于wanttoknow，其后常接who、what、how以及if和whether等引导的宾语从句（作宾语的句子），宾语从句要用陈述语序。Iwonderwhatyouaregoingtodonow.Iwonderifyoucanhelpmewashthecar.13.Ireallyenjoyedwalkingaroundthetown.enjoyv.喜欢；享受······的乐趣”enjoy为及物动词，后常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。enjoyable为形容词，意为“有乐趣的；令人愉快的”。enjoyoneself意为“玩得高兴；过得愉快”，相当于haveagood/great/nicetime或havefun。Lucyenjoysdancingtomusic.WeenjoyedourselvesinHainan.14.Whatadifferenceadaymakes!differencen.差别；差异difference既可作可数名词，又可作不可数名词。Thereisnodifferencebetweenthetwobooks.Thetwosweaterslookthesamebutthereisabigdifferenceinprice.【拓展】different作形容词，意为“不同的；有差异的”。bedifferentfrom意为“与······不同”。Pleaselookatthesetwodifferentpictures,class,andcirclethedifferencesbetweenthem.15.Wewaitedoveranhourforthetrainbecausethereweretoomanypeople.【易混辨析】toomany，toomuch与muchtoo16.Andbecauseofthebadweather,wecouldn'tseeanythingbelow.【易混辨析】because与becauseof7,Theboyisunhappybecasuehehasnofriends.Iliketheboybecauseofhiskindnature.17.Myfatherdidn’tbringenoughmoney,soweonlyhadonebowlofriceandsomefish.bringv.带来bringsb./sth.to...把某人/某物带到······bringsb.sth.=bringsth.forsb.CanIbringafriendtotheparty?BringHelenapresent.=BringapresentforHelen.【易混辨析】bring与takeBringmesomewater,please.Taketheboxtomyroom.18.Myfatherdidn’tbringenoughmoney,soweonlyhadonebowlofriceandsomefish.enoughadj.&adv.足够的（地）；充足的（地）；充分的（地）（1）enough可作形容词和副词，意为“足够的（地）；充足的（地）；充分的（地）”。（2）enough作形容词，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，通常放在名词前，也可放在名词后。Thereisenoughfood/foodenoughforeverybody.Wehaveenoughmoneytobuythehouse.（3）enough还可用作副词，用在形容词、副词和动词之后。Ididn’trunfastenoughtocatchthebus.Thishouseisn’tbigenoughforus.Wedidn’tleaveearlyenough.19.ThefoodtastedgreatbecauseIwassohungry!hungryadj.饥饿的hungry的反义词为full“吃饱了的”。Thebabyiscrying;maybeheishungry.【拓展】hungry还可表示“渴望”。behungryfor...意为“渴望······”。Thestudentsarehungeryforknowledge.20.Didyoudislikeanything?dislikev.&n.不喜爱；厌恶（1）dislike在此作动词，意为“不喜爱；厌恶”，其同义词是hate。Whydoyoudislikehimsomuch?7,（2）dislike也可以作可数名词，意为“不喜爱的事物；厌恶的事物”。Everyonehashislikesanddislikes.21.Whynot?Whynot?为什么不呢？Whynot?常用于提建议，后跟动词原形。“Whynotdosth.?”=“Whydon’tyoudosth.?”，意为“为什么不做某事呢？”Whynotgowithyourparents?=Whydon’tyougowithyourparents?22.MylegsweresotiredthatIwantedtostop.so...that...如此······以至于······so...that...引导结果状语从句，so后面跟形容词或副词。当that后的从句为肯定句时，可与enough...to...互换；当that后的从句含有否定意义时，可与too...to...互换。Shewassosmartthatshesolvedtheproblemquickly.=Shewassmartenoughtosolvetheproblemquickly.Hewassoangrythathecouldn’tsayaword.=Hewastooangrytosayaword.【拓展】sothat表示“以便；为了”，引导目的状语从句。Sheworkedhardsothateverythingwouldbereadyintime.23.Myclassmatestoldmetokeepgoing,soIwenton.(1)tellsb.todosth.告诉/吩咐某人做某事tellsb.todosth.为固定结构，其否定形式为tellsb.nottodosth.“告诉/吩咐某人不做某事”。MyteacheralwaystoldmetostudyhardwhenIwasastudent.(2)keepdoingsth.继续/持续做某事keepdoingsth.用于表示一直处于某种状态或持续某个动作，意为“继续/持续做某事”。Keepworkinghard,andyouwillsucceed.【拓展】keep的其他常见用法：Pleasekeepquiet!Putonthecoat.Itcankeepyouwarm.Keepyourbooksingoodorder.Don'tkeepthetaprunning.【GrammarFocus】1.一般过去时含be动词的一般过去时：肯定句：IwasinBeijinglastmonth.否定句：Iwasn’tinBeijinglastmonth.一般疑问句：—WereyouinBeijinglastmonth？—Yes,Iwas./No,Iwasn’t.行为动词：肯定句：IwenttoShanghailastFriday.否定句：Ididn’tgotoShanghailastFriday.一般疑问句：—DidyougotoShanghailastFriday?—Yes,Idid./No,Ididn’t.2.复合不定代词语法概述：复合不定代词是由some、any、7,no、every加上-body、-one、-thing构成的不定代词。功能相当于名词，在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，不能作定语。Someoneiswaitingforyou.Doyouhaveanythingtosay?Thereissomethingwrongwithmybike.Theoldladycouldn’tseeanythingatall.Isthereanyoneathome?7