浙江省三锋教研联盟2023-2024学年高一上学期期中联考英语试题（Word版附解析）

2023学年第一学期宁波三锋教研联盟期中联考高一年级英语学科试题考生须知：1.本卷共8页满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字。3.所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，只需上交答题纸。选择题部分第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whocoloredthetreesinthepicture?A.John.B.Louis.C.Shelly.2.Whenwillthespeakersleavefortheconcert?A.At5:50p.m.B.At5:40p.m.C.At5:30p.m.3.WhydoesHelenwanttoaskforleave?A.Shefelldownthestairs.B.Sheneedstocareforarelative.C.Sheplanstovisitherparents.4.Howdoesthemansound?A.Cheerful.B.Confused.C.Unhappy.5.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Marriedlife.B.Dreamschools.C.Futureplans.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whathappenedtotheboy? A.Hegotlost.B.Hewaspushedover.C.Hewasblamedbyhisparents.7.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodofortheboy?A.Lookforhisdog.B.Ringuphisfather.C.Drivehimhome.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Wherearemostprobablythespeakers?A.Inahospital.B.AtToby’splace.C.Inacompany.9.WhosuggestedthenameArthur?A.Thewoman’ssister.B.Tommy.C.Thewoman.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Howdidthewomanknowaboutthesalespromotion?A.Fromafriend.B.FromtheTV.C.Fromthenewspaper.11.Whatdayisittoday?A.Thursday.B.Wednesday.C.Friday.12.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Cleanhisnewhouse.B.Buyafloorlamp.C.Contacthiscolleague.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teammates.B.Classmates.C.Familymembers.14.WhatdoesthewomanoftendoonSundayafternoons?A.Playvideogames.B.Watchmovies.C.Dosomesports.15.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantobuy?A.Analarmclock.B.Abaseballbat.C.Anewphone.16.Whatdothespeakersmainlytalkabout?A.Howtomanagescreentime.B.Howtoimprovesleepquality.C.Howtoincreaselearningefficiency.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhydidMiriam’sunclegivehersomemoney?A.Topayforherschooltuition.B.Torewardherforherkindness.C.Tocelebrateherbirthday. 18.WhatdoweknowaboutthedocumentaryHowIBecameanElephant?A.ItinspiredMiriamandhermothertovisitAfrica.B.IttellstheabuseofelephantsinThailand.C.Itisaboutaboy’scampaigntosaveelephants.19.HowdidMiriamcollectmoneytosaveelephants?A.Byteachingpeopletomakeclayelephants.B.Bymakingandsellingbakedgoods.C.Bydrawingpicturesaboutelephants.20.WhatdoesKateSantorineosdo?A.She’sateacher.B.She’sananimaldoctor.C.She’sanartist.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFromPolandtoSlovenia?CentralEuropeisyourbestdestination!Slovenia:FriendlyfarmstaySurroundedbygrasslands,Dolinarfarmhouseofferssimpledoubleroomswithwoodenfurnishingsaswellaslargeapartments.Outside,cricketssingatsunset,andguestscanhelpmilkthegoatsiftheywish,orevenjoininwithhaymaking.Doubleroomsfrom£44B&B,apartmentforE70anight.Croatia:CycleIstriaTheIstriapeninsula’scoastattractscrowdsofsunseekers,buttravellinginlandismoreabouthilltopvillages.Itisalsoaparadisewithfreshseafood.From£895forseven-nightB&B,threedinners,cyclehire,mapsandnotes,andluggagechecking.CzechRepublic:Three-countrytourFamilieswhowanttomixsomeurbanexplorationintoaruralgetaway(适合休假的地方)mightliketheFamiliesWorldwide’seight-dayPragueandTatrasAdventure(forchildrenaged8andover).CrossingthePolandborder,ittakesinNiedzicaCastleandboatingintheDunajecRiverGorge.From£1,099(£999children)includingB&Bandactivities,butnotflights.Poland:HighTatratrekBetweenPolandandSlovakia,theHighTatrashassomeofthefinestwildernessinEuropeandishometo wolves,brownbearsandgoldeneagles.£685includingtransfers,accommodationandmealsbutnotflights,departuresJunetoSeptember.1.Wherecanyouobservewildanimals?A.Slovenia:Friendlyfarmstay.B.Croatia:CycleIstria.C.Poland:HighTatratrek.D.CzechRepublic:Three-countrytour.2.HowmuchdotheyneedtopayatleastifanadultandachildtaketheFamiliesWorkdwide’seight-dayPragueandTatrasAdventure?A.£2,098.B.£1,998.C.£1,790.D.£2,198，3.Whatcanyoulearnfromthepassage?A.Croatiaisaplacewhereyoucanonlyenjoyfreshseafood.B.AnychildinterestedinexplorationcantakethePragueandTatrasAdventure.C.TouristscanenjoyalifelikealocalfarmerinSlovenia.D.ThefourcountriesmentionedabovewillattractthoseinterestedincentralAsia.【答案】1.C2.A3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了中欧的几项热门旅游项目。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Poland:HighTatratrek”部分中的“BetweenPolandandSlovakia,theHighTatrashassomeofthefinestwildernessinEuropeandishometowolves,brownbearsandgoldeneagles.(位于波兰和斯洛伐克之间的高塔特拉山脉拥有欧洲最美的荒野，也是狼、棕熊和金雕的家园。)”可知，在波兰高塔特拉徒步旅行可以观察野生动物。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“CzechRepublic:Three-countrytour”部分中的“From£1,099(£999children)includingB&Bandactivities,butnotflights.(1099英镑起（儿童999英镑起），包括住宿和活动，但不包括机票。)”可知，如果一名成人和一名儿童参加为期八天的布拉格和塔特拉之旅，他们至少需要支付2098英镑。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“Slovenia:Friendlyfarmstay”部分第二句“Outside,cricketssingatsunset,andguestscanhelpmilkthegoatsiftheywish,orevenjoininwithhaymaking.(外面，蟋蟀在日落时分歌唱，客人们可以帮忙挤羊奶，如果他们愿意的话，甚至可以加入制备干草的行列。)”可知，游客可以在斯洛文尼亚享受当地农 民的生活。故选C。BWorldBookDayfallsonApril23rdeveryyear,butdoyouknowthatitisalsoShakespeareDay?EverybodymayhaveheardofShakespeare,butdoyouknowhowmanyplayshewrote?Shakespeare’splayshavethreekinds:tragedies,comediesandhistories.HismostfamousplayisthetragicstoryofRomeoandJuliet,whichdealswithtwoyoungloverswhoarenotallowedtomarrybytheirparents.OthertragediesincludeHamlet,Othello,andMacbeth.Shakespeare’scomediesincludeMuchAdoAboutNothing,AMidsummerNight’sDreamandTwelfthNight.TwelfthNightisaplayaboutunclearidentities.Twotwinsareshipwrecked(遭海难)andthesister,Viola,dressesupasherbrother,Sebastian,whoshethinksisdead.It’sfunny,becausethebrotherreappearsandthere’sabigloveproblemgoingon:ViolaisinlovewiththeDuke,whoisinlovewithOlivia,whofallsinlovewithSebastianexceptthatshedoesn’trealizethatSebastianisactuallyVioladressedup!Everybodyfallsinlovewiththewrongperson,butitisallmaderightintheend.Someofhishistoryplays,suchasAntonyandCleopatra,RichardIIIandHenryV,arebasedonthelivesofrealhistoricalpeople.InAntonyandCleopatra,CleopatrabecomesAntony’sgirlfriendandAntonybecomessocrazyaboutherthathelosescontrolofthearmy.CleopatrakillsherselfintheendandAntonykillshimselftoo.Shakespeare’splayscanbeverydifficultsometimes.Someofthethemestheydealwithareheavy,sotheyalmostalwaysincludealightersubplotwithcharactersthatarenotsoimportant.Theyareoftenusedintragediestolightenthemoodoftheplayandtokeeptheaudienceinterestedinthemainplot.4.Whichisatragedycharacter?A.Viola.B.Antony.C.Sebastian.D.Hamlet.5.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3?A.Violalikesdressingupasherbrotherforfun.B.TheDukemarriesOliviaatlast.C.TwelfthNighthasasadending.D.OliviafinallyfallsinlovewithSebastian.6.WhatcanweknowaboutShakespeare’shistoryplays?A.Thereareonlytwofamoushistoryplays.B.Someofthemareinspiredbyrealpeoplelivinginthepast.C.Realhistoricaleventscanbefoundineveryhistoryplay.D.Theyaremoredifficultthantragediesandcomedies.7.WhyisthesubplotaddedtoShakespeare’splays? ATohelprelaxtheaudienceandattracttheirinterestinthemaintheme.B.Tomakeiteasyforaudiencetounderstandtheplays.CTomakethedifficultplotssimple.D.Tohelpdevelopthemainplot.【答案】4.D5.D6.B7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了莎士比亚的悲剧、喜剧和历史剧的代表作品。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“OthertragediesincludeHamlet,Othello,andMacbeth.”（其他悲剧包括《哈姆雷特》、《奥赛罗》和《麦克白》。）可知，哈姆雷特是悲剧角色。故选D项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“ViolaisinlovewiththeDuke,whoisinlovewithOlivia,whofallsinlovewithSebastian”（维奥拉爱上了公爵，公爵爱上了奥利维亚，奥利维亚爱上了塞巴斯蒂安）可知，奥利维亚爱上了塞巴斯蒂安。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Someofhishistoryplays，suchasAntonyandCleopatra，RichardIIIandHenryV,arebasedonthelivesofrealhistoricalpeople.”（他的一些历史剧，如《安东尼与克利奥帕特拉》、《理查三世》和《亨利五世》，都是根据真实的历史人物的生活改编的。）可知，莎士比亚一些历史剧中的人物是由真实的历史人物发展而来的。故选B项。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Theyareoftenusedintragediestolightenthemoodoftheplayandtokeeptheaudienceinterestedinthemainplot.”（它们经常被用在悲剧中，以减轻戏剧的情绪，使观众对主要情节保持兴趣。）可知，为什么要在莎士比亚的戏剧中加入次要情节的原因是帮助观众放松，吸引他们对主题的兴趣。故选A项。CItookmyelementary-agedsonandhistwohungryfriendstoacafeteriawithinastoreforlunchafterchurch,becauseit’sreallyaffordableandwearenotallthatcomfortablefinancially.Howawfultoloadupourtrays,getuptotheregisterandthenfindoutmywalletwasmissing!Yetthecashierempathizedwiththesituationandhelpedmethinkthroughsomeideasforalternativepayment.Thenthecashierofferedtopayforthemealandhavemereimburseherviaapaymentapp.So,Istoodtothesidetodownloadit,but becausemyphoneisanoldoneandthereweretechproblems,thiswastakingmeaverylongtime.Icamesoveryclosetopanicking(恐慌).Everythingwasloud,itgotsohotthere,Iwasdizzy.Theboyswerejumpingaroundandfreakingmeout,soIsentthemonvarious“errands(差事)”tokeepthembusy.AndthenIrememberedtobreathe.Finallythecashiercalledmebackovertotheregisterandhandedmeareceipt,tellingme,“Hereyougo.It’spaidfor.It’sonme.Enjoyyourmeal.”Iwastouchedandsincerelythankedher!Readingthereceipt,itlookedlikesheactuallypaidforthemealpersonallywithoutusingadiscountcode.Thecashierhadn’tknownmyson’stwofriendscamefromaninsecurefoodsituationathome.Itriedtoinvitethemoverforsnacksandmealsasoftenaspossible.Theyhadn’teatenyet,andthiscafeteriamealwithuswaslikelytobetheironlyonetoday.Mygratefulnessforthiscashier’sgenerositywentdeeperthanhersimplysavingmefromtheembarrassmentofamissingwallet.Herkindnessensuredtheseboyshadfoodfortheday—literally.Afterourmeal,Iwentbacktotheregistertothankherandrepayher,asI’dfinallygottentheappworkingonmyphone.Butshewasgone,andtheotherworkersweren’tsureofhernamebecauseshewasnew.Imadesuretowritetothecompanyandtellthemhowawesometheircashierwas.8.Whydidtheauthortreatthechildrentolunchinacafeteria?A.Becausefreefoodwasprovidedthere.B.Becauseitwasashortdistanceawayfromthechurch.C.Becausethefoodtherewasinexpensive.D.Becausethefoodtheresuitedtheirtaste.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reimburse”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Askfor.B.Payback.C.Lookfor.D.Bringback.10.Theauthorsentthechildrenonvarious“errands”soasto________.A.letthemhavefunB.teachthemsomethingusefulC.makethemworkhardD.stopthemdisturbingher11.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonfortheauthor’sgratefulnesstothecashier?A.Becausethecashierofferedtopayforthem.B.Becausethecashiersavedherfromthetroubleofmissingawallet.C.Becausethecashierfreedtheboysofhungerforthatday.D.Becausethecashiertaughttheauthorhowtodownloadapaymentapp.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.D【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者带着自己的儿子和他的朋友去自助餐厅吃午饭，但是不幸发现钱包丢了，好在收银员为他们买了单，帮作者脱离了丢失钱包的麻烦，同时在那天让孩子们免于饥饿，作者对此充满感激。当作者准备好通过软件把钱还给这位收银员的时候，她却已默默离开，作者打算写信给该公司赞扬这位收银员的善良。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Itookmyelementary-agedsonandhistwohungryfriendstoacafeteriawithinastoreforlunchafterchurch,becauseit’sreallyaffordableandwearenotallthatcomfortablefinancially.(做完礼拜后，我带着上小学的儿子和他两个饥肠辘辘的朋友去一家商店里的自助餐厅吃午饭，因为这真的是负担得起的，我们的经济状况也不太好)”可知，作者请孩子们在自主餐厅吃饭是因为那里的食物不是很贵。故选C项。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Thenthecashierofferedtopayforthemeal(然后收银员提出为这顿饭买单)”和下文“So,Istoodtothesidetodownloadit(所以，我站在一旁下载软件)”可推知，收银员想出的方法是：她先自己买单，然后作者下载软件，通过软件把钱还给她。由此可知，reimburse意思是“偿还”，与payback意思一致。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Icamesoveryclosetopanicking(恐慌).Everythingwasloud,itgotsohotthere,Iwasdizzy.Theboyswerejumpingaroundandfreakingmeout,soIsentthemonvarious“errands(差事)”tokeepthembusy.(我差点就慌了。一切都很吵，那里很热，我都晕了。男孩们跳来跳去，把我吓坏了，所以我给他们派了各种各样的“差事”，让他们忙起来)”可知，作者此时晕头转向，孩子们在身边更影响她保持清醒。由此可知，她给他们派各种“差事”是为了不让他们打扰到她。故选D项。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Finallythecashiercalledmebackovertotheregisterandhandedmeareceipt,tellingme,“Hereyougo.It’spaidfor.It’sonme.Enjoyyourmeal.”Iwastouchedandsincerelythankedher!(最后，收银员把我叫回收银台，递给我一张收据，说：“给你。已经付过钱了。我请客。祝您用餐愉快。”我很感动，并真诚地感谢她)”和第四段中的“Mygratefulnessforthiscashier’sgenerositywentdeeperthanhersimplysavingmefromtheembarrassmentofamissingwallet.Herkindnessensuredtheseboyshadfoodfortheday—literally.(我对这位收银员慷慨解囊的感激之情远不止她把我从钱包丢失的尴尬中救了出来。她的善良确保了这些男孩这一天都有食物吃——字面意义上地)”可知，作者感谢这位收银员是因为她为他们买了单，帮作者脱离了丢失钱包的麻烦，在那天让孩子们免于饥饿，D项“因为收银员教作者如何下载支付软件”并未提及。故选D项。DStay-at-homekidsarenamed“generationnini”inSpain.Theyarethoseadultswhostillliveathomeandare neitherworkingnorstudying.ButtheproblemisbynomeanslimitedtoSpain.Itisaworldwideproblem.InItaly,theyareknownas“bamboccioni”orbigbabies.Therearenearly60percentof18to34-year-oldadultsstilllivingintheirparents’home,upfromalmost50percentsince1983.Lastyear,anItaliangovernmentministeradmittedthathismotherwashedhisclothesandmadethebedforhimuntilhewas30.HedemandedalawforcingyoungItalianstoleavetheirparents’homeat18tostopthembecominghopelesslydependentontheirparents.IntheUK,thegovernmenthasmadethetermNEETS—notinemployment,educationortrainingforthesechildren.InEnglandalone,thepercentofNEETSaged19-24surgedto18.8percentoftheagegroupinthelastquarterof2010,up1.4percentonthesameperiodayearbefore.ThenumberofBritishmenintheir20slivingwiththeirparentshasrisenfrom59percentto80percentinthepast15years,whilethenumberofwomenhasrisenfrom41percentto50percent.Theaverageageofthefirst-timehousebuyersisnow38.IntheUS,theproblemisknownasthe“FullNestSyndrome(综合症)”.Adultsthereareleftstrugglingtosupportadultchildrenwhohavestayedathomewithstudentdebtsandfacingfewjobopportunitiesinaweakeconomy.ArecentstudyshowedalmostathirdofAmericanadultsaged34andunderarelivingwiththeirparents.12.What’sthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroducethemaintopic.B.Toshowtheauthor’sattitude.C.Todescribeasituation.D.Toanalyzecauses.13.TheItaliangovernmentministerholdsthebeliefthat________.A.itisnormalforadultchildrentolivewiththeirparents.B.parentsshouldneverwashclothesfortheirchildren.C.youngpeopleshouldliveontheirownafter18.D.parentsshouldtakecareoftheiradultchildren.14.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Americanparentsarewillingtolivewiththeiradultchildren.B.SomeAmericanadultchildrenbecomeaheavyburdentotheirparents.C.MostAmericaadultsaged34arelivingwiththeirparents.D.ItiswidelyacceptedforadultchildrentolivewiththeirparentsinAmerica.15.Whereisthistexttakenfrom?A.Anadvertisement.B.Asciencereport.C.Anewspaper.D.Abrochure.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.C【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个欧洲国家和美国的年轻人啃老现象十分严重，很多成年人仍住在父母家里，不可救药地依赖父母，这些啃老族给父母带来了巨大的麻烦。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Stay-at-homekidsarenamed“generationnini”inSpain.Theyarethoseadultswhostillliveathomeandareneitherworkingnorstudying.ButtheproblemisbynomeanslimitedtoSpain.Itisaworldwideproblem.(在西班牙，呆在家里的孩子被称为“妮妮一代”。他们是那些仍然住在家里，既不工作也不学习的成年人。但这个问题绝不仅限于西班牙。这是一个世界性的问题)”可推知，第一段的目的是引入文章主题。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“HedemandedalawforcingyoungItalianstoleavetheirparents’homeat18tostopthembecominghopelesslydependentontheirparents.(他要求制定一项法律，迫使意大利的年轻人在18岁时离开父母的家，以防止他们无可救药地依赖父母)”可知，这位意大利政府部长认为，年轻人18岁以后应该独立生活。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Adultsthereareleftstrugglingtosupportadultchildrenwhohavestayedathomewithstudentdebtsandfacingfewjobopportunitiesinaweakeconomy.(在经济疲软的情况下，成年子女留在家里还欠着学生贷款，就业机会也很少，而那里的成年人要努力养活他们)”可知，B选项“一些美国成年子女成为父母的沉重负担”正确。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Stay-at-homekidsarenamed“generationnini”inSpain.Theyarethoseadultswhostillliveathomeandareneitherworkingnorstudying.ButtheproblemisbynomeanslimitedtoSpain.Itisaworldwideproblem.(在西班牙，呆在家里的孩子被称为“妮妮一代”。他们是那些仍然住在家里，既不工作也不学习的成年人。但这个问题绝不仅限于西班牙。这是一个世界性的问题)”结合文章主要介绍了几个欧洲国家和美国的年轻人啃老现象十分严重，很多成年人仍住在父母家里，不可救药地依赖父母，这些啃老族给父母带来了巨大的麻烦。可推知，文章选自报纸。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Festivalsandconcertsdrawhugecrowds,andarepopularwithpeople.Butonceacrowdreachessixorsevenpeoplepersquaremeter,somemaybecrushed(挤压)againsteachothersotightlythattheycannotmove.Expertsrefertosuchanaccidentasacrowdcrush.___16___,sohowcanyouincreaseyourchancesofsurvivalinit? Firstofall,trynottopanicandsaveyourenergy.___17___.Staycalmandfocused.Ifthereisacrowdcrush,you’llneedallthephysicalenergyyoucangather.Andyellingandscreamingwilltireyouout.It’sbesttogowiththeflowwhenthecrowdismovinginonedirection.___18___.Ifthegroupcrowdstogethertightly,youwillrunoutofairwiththeheavyweightoverchestandtheairwaytoyourlungswillbeblocked.Inotherwords,yourbreathingwillbepreventedbecauseofalltheoutsidepressure.Ifyoufalldowninalargecrowd,trytogetupasquicklyaspossible.Ifyoucan’t,getintherightposition.___19___,youcanprotectyourheadandnotbeknockedwhenlyingontheground.Crowdcrusheshappenatvarioustypesofgatheringsaroundtheworld.___20___.Withsomepreparationsandthesuggestionsabove,youcanavoidbeingoneofthepeoplewhodon’tmakeitout.A.Panicwillnothelpyoufreeyourselffromadevelopingdisaster.B.Thiscangetdangerousveryquickly.C.Buttheyarewhollypredictableandcanbepreventedinadvance.D.Placingyourhandsonyourchestandmaintainingfirmfooting.E.Movetoasaferlocation.F.Ifyoudon’t,thecrowdbehindyoucouldcrushyou.G.Withyourbackcurved(弯曲)forwardsandyourarmsandlegsfoldedinfrontofyourbody.【答案】16.B17.A18.F19.G20.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。节日和音乐会等场合往往会吸引大量人群，导致人群拥挤，带来危险，文章介绍了一些预防和应对这种事故的措施。【16题详解】根据前文“Festivalsandconcertsdrawhugecrowds,andarepopularwithpeople.Butonceacrowdreachessixorsevenpeoplepersquaremeter,somemaybecrushed(挤压)againsteachothersotightlythattheycannotmove.Expertsrefertosuchanaccidentasacrowdcrush.(节日和音乐会吸引了大量的人群，受到人们的欢迎。但一旦人群达到每平方米六七人，有些人可能会被挤得太紧而无法移动。专家把这种事故称为人群拥挤。)”和后文“sohowcanyouincreaseyourchancesofsurvivalinit?(那么怎样才能增加生存的机会呢？)”可知，此处是指人群拥挤很危险，所以选项B“这很快就会变得危险。”切合文意。故选B。【17题详解】根据前文“Firstofall,trynottopanicandsaveyourenergy.(首先，尽量不要惊慌，节省精力。)”可知，此处是讲惊慌没有好处，所以选项A“恐慌不会帮助你从一场发展中的灾难中解脱出来。”切合文意。故选A。 【18题详解】根据前文“It’sbesttogowiththeflowwhenthecrowdismovinginonedirection.(当人群朝一个方向移动时，最好是随波逐流。)”和后文“Ifthegroupcrowdstogethertightly,youwillrunoutofairwiththeheavyweightoverchestandtheairwaytoyourlungswillbeblocked.(如果一群人挤得太紧，你会因为胸部的重量而耗尽空气，通往肺部的气道也会被阻塞。)”可知，此处是指如果不随人群的方向走就会被挤到，所以选项F“如果你不这样做，你身后的人群可能会碾压你。”切合文意。故选F。【19题详解】根据前文“Ifyoucan’t,getintherightposition.(如果你不能，那就找一个合适的位置。)”和后文“youcanprotectyourheadandnotbeknockedwhenlyingontheground(当你躺在地上时，你可以保护你的头，不被撞到)”可知，此处是指找到一个合适的姿势保护自己的头部，所以选项G“背部向前弯曲，双臂和双腿交叉在身体前方。”切合文意。故选G。【20题详解】根据前文“Crowdcrusheshappenatvarioustypesofgatheringsaroundtheworld.(世界各地的各种聚会都会发生挤人事件。)”和后文“Withsomepreparationsandthesuggestionsabove,youcanavoidbeingoneofthepeoplewhodon’tmakeitout.(有了上面的一些准备和建议，你就可以避免成为无法成功的人之一。)”可知，此处是指挤人事件可以预见和预防，所以选项C“但它们是完全可以预测的，并且可以提前预防。”切合文意。故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Fourmonthsintomymother’spregnancy(孕期),welearnedthatmybrotherwouldbebornwithDownsyndrome(唐氏综合征).Butweknewwewould___21___himexactlythewayheis.___22___,afterbirth,Lipewashealthierthanwe___23___.HeisthemostcheerfulpersonIhave___24___met.Anythingisareasonforhimtoflashasmile.Butwestill___25___whatotherswouldsayabouthim.Inordertoprotecthim,Ikepthisconditiona___26___.Iwasalsoafraidofbeingtreatedbadlybyothersbecauseofhiscondition.ButIsoonrealized___27___Itrulylovedhim,Ishouldn’tbe___28___ofhim.Actuallyallthatmybrotherneededwasmyloveand___29___.Becauseofmybrother,Ihavelearnedthemeaningof___30___.Beforehisbirth,ifIsawsomeonewhoacted___31___,Isimplythoughtittobestrangeandstartedlaughing.IamnowgladthatIhavechanged.Inowconsiderwhattheycouldpossiblybe___32___inlife,andthemanyreasonswhytheycouldbe___33___likethat.Wemayliveinaworldinwhichthesocietycoldly___34___everyinchofyou,butwecan___35___treatothers withkindness.Onlyinthiswaycanweexpecttocreateabettersociety.21.A.changeB.shockC.rememberD.accept22.A.ObviouslyB.ThankfullyC.FinallyD.Additionally23.A.expectedB.knewC.learntD.told24.A.everB.neverC.alreadyD.yet25.A.gaveupB.believedinC.caredaboutD.learnedfrom26.A.jokeB.messageC.secretD.rule27.A.ifB.althoughC.becauseD.unless28.A.proudB.ashamedC.fondD.afraid29.A.hopeB.peaceC.supportD.interest30.A.prideB.honestyC.patienceD.respect31.A.differentlyB.happilyC.quicklyD.quietly32.A.experiencingB.choosingC.enjoyingD.achieving33.A.speakingB.walkingC.behavingD.learning34.A.improvesB.refusesC.judgesD.discovers35A.atmostB.atleastC.atlastD.soonerorlater【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.A25.C26.C27.A28.B29.C30.D31.A32.A33.C34.C35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。母亲怀孕四个月后，“我”们得知弟弟将患有唐氏综合症，从与弟弟的相处和对弟弟的爱中，“我”学会了尊重的意义。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们知道我们会接受他本来的样子。A.change改变；B.shock使震惊；C.remember记得；D.accept接受。根据前文“Fourmonthsintomymother’spregnancy(孕期),welearnedthatmybrotherwouldbebornwithDownsyndrome(唐氏综合征).(我母亲怀孕四个月后，我们得知我的弟弟将患有唐氏综合症。)”可知，此处是指接受他是什么样子。故选D。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，出生后，Lipe比我们预期的要健康。A.Obviously明显地；B.Thankfully幸运的是；C.Finally最终；D.Additionally此外。根据“Lipewashealthier”可知，此处是指幸运的是。故选B。 【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，出生后，Lipe比我们预期的要健康。A.expected预期；B.knew知道；C.learnt学习；D.told告诉。根据“afterbirth,Lipewashealthierthanwe”可知，此处是指比预期的要健康。故选A。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他是我所见过的最开朗的人。A.ever曾经；B.never从不；C.already已经；D.yet仍然。根据“Heisthemostcheerfulperson”可知，此处是指他是“我”曾见过的最开朗的人。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但我们仍然在意别人会怎么说他。A.gaveup放弃；B.believedin信任；C.caredabout在意；D.learnedfrom借鉴。根据后文“Inordertoprotecthim(为了保护他)”和still可知，此处是指仍然在意别人会怎么说他。故选C。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了保护他，我对他的病情保密。A.joke笑话；B.message信息；C.secret秘密；D.rule规则。根据“Inordertoprotecthim”可知，此处是指对他的病情保密。故选C。【27题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：但我很快意识到，如果我真的爱他，我不应该为他感到羞耻。A.if如果；B.although尽管；C.because因为；D.unless除非。根据“Itrulylovedhim”和“Ishouldn’tbe”可知，此处是指如果“我”真的爱他。故选A。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我很快意识到，如果我真的爱他，我不应该为他感到羞耻。A.proud骄傲的；B.ashamed羞耻的；C.fond喜爱的；D.afraid害怕的。根据前文“Iwasalsoafraidofbeingtreatedbadlybyothersbecauseofhiscondition.(我也害怕因为他的病情而受到别人不好的对待。)”可知，此处是指不应该为他感到羞耻。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：其实我弟弟需要的只是我的爱和支持。A.hope希望；B.peace和平；C.support支持；D.interest兴趣。根据前文“Ishouldn’tbeashamedofhim”和“mylove”可知，此处是指弟弟需要的只是“我”的爱和支持。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为我的弟弟，我学会了尊重的意义。A.pride骄傲；B.honesty诚实；C.patience耐心；D.respect尊重。根据后文“Isimplythoughtittobestrangeandstartedlaughing(我只是觉得很 奇怪，就开始大笑)”可知，此处是指学会了尊重的意义。故选D。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在他出生之前，如果我看到别人的行为举止不同，我只是觉得很奇怪，然后开始大笑。A.differently不同地；B.happily开心地；C.quickly快速地；D.quietly安静地。根据“Isimplythoughtittobestrangeandstartedlaughing”可知，此处是指看到别人的行为举止不同。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我现在考虑他们在生活中可能经历的事情，以及他们可能那样做的许多原因。A.experiencing经历；B.choosing选择；C.enjoying享受；D.achieving获得。根据“inlife”可知，此处是指他们在生活中可能经历的事情。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我现在考虑他们在生活中可能经历的事情，以及他们可能那样做的许多原因。A.speaking谈话；B.walking散步；C.behaving表现；D.learning学习。根据“likethat”和前文“whoacted”可知，此处是指他们可能那样做的许多原因。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们可能生活在一个社会冷漠地评判你的每一寸的世界里，但我们至少可以善待他人。A.improves改善；B.refuses拒绝；C.judges评判；D.discovers发现。根据“thesocietycoldly”和“everyinchofyou”可知，此处是指社会冷漠地评判你的每一寸。故选C。【35题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：我们可能生活在一个社会冷漠地评判你的每一寸的世界里，但我们至少可以善待他人。A.atmost至多；B.atleast至少；C.atlast最后；D.soonerorlater迟早。根据“treatotherswithkindness”可知，此处是指我们至少可以善待他人。故选B。非选择题部分第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thewords“sportispower”provedtruewhenChinahostedtheFISUWorldUniversityGamesinChengdu,Sichuanprovince,fromJuly28toAug8.Nothingwas___36___(power)thanlettingthousandsofforeignathletesandvisitorsfromaroundtheworldseetheachievementsofChina.Thegames___37___(success)showednationalpridewithamazingresults,and___38___(impress)everyathletewiththeexcellentcompetitionfacilitiesandtheefficientorganizationoftheatheltes’village,wheretheyhadtheopportunity___39___(enjoy)Chengdu’sfamousspicyfood___40___attendculturalactivities.Thegamesalsofosteredculturalexchanges,mutualunderstandingandfriendships___41___crossedborders.Competitorswerefound___42___(hug)eachotherwhileofferingtheir rivalsencouragementandwarmcongratulations.HandwrittenlettersfromindividualstudentsinChengdu___43___(hand)tooverseasjournaliststoshowtheirwelcomeand___44___historyandattractionsoftheprovincialcapital.Additionally,thegameswerehelpful___45___developingthesportsindustryinChina.【答案】36.morepowerful37.successfully38.impressed39.toenjoy40.and41.that##which42.hugging43.werehanded44.the45.in【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。7月28日至8月8日，中国在四川成都举办的FISU世界大学生运动会证明了“体育就是力量”这句话是正确的。文章对此进行了详细报道。【36题详解】考查比较级。句意：没有什么比让成千上万的外国运动员和来自世界各地的游客看到中国的成就更强大的了。根据“thanlettingthousandsofforeignathletesandvisitorsfromaroundtheworldseetheachievementsofChina”可知，此处应用形容词比较级morepowerful表示“更强大的”作表语。故填morepowerful。【37题详解】考查副词。句意：这次运动会以惊人的成绩成功地展现了民族自豪感，优秀的比赛设施和高效的奥运村组织给每一位运动员留下了深刻的印象，他们有机会品尝成都著名的辛辣食物，参加文化活动。此处作状语应用副词successfully表示“成功地”。故填successfully。38题详解】考查一般过去时。句意：这次运动会以惊人的成绩成功地展现了民族自豪感，优秀的比赛设施和高效的奥运村组织给每一位运动员留下了深刻的印象，他们有机会品尝成都著名的辛辣食物，参加文化活动。根据“showednationalpridewithamazingresults”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填impressed。【39题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：这次运动会以惊人的成绩成功地展现了民族自豪感，优秀的比赛设施和高效的奥运村组织给每一位运动员留下了深刻的印象，他们有机会品尝成都著名的辛辣食物，参加文化活动。opportunity意为“机会”，为抽象名词，应用todo不定式作后置定语。故填toenjoy。【40题详解】 考查连词。句意：这次运动会以惊人的成绩成功地展现了民族自豪感，优秀的比赛设施和高效的奥运村组织给每一位运动员留下了深刻的印象，他们有机会品尝成都著名的辛辣食物，参加文化活动。“enjoyChengdu’sfamousspicyfood”和“attendculturalactivities”构成并列关系，所以应用连词and。故填and。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：奥运会还促进了跨国界的文化交流、相互理解和友谊。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为“culturalexchanges,mutualunderstandingandfriendships”，所以应用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。【42题详解】考查现在分词。句意：选手们互相拥抱，并向对手表示鼓励和热烈祝贺。动词hug意为“拥抱”，和系动词之间没有连词，和主语构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词作主语补足语。故填hugging。【43题详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：成都学生个人手写的信件被交给了海外记者，以表达他们的欢迎以及这座省会城市的历史和景点。此处描述过去的事情，所以应用一般过去时。动词hand意为“交，递”，和主语构成被动关系。主语letters为复数形式。故填werehanded。【44题详解】考查冠词。句意：成都学生个人手写的信件被交给了海外记者，以表达他们的欢迎以及这座省会城市的历史和景点。根据“oftheprovincialcapital”可知，此处为特指，应用定冠词the。故填the。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：此外，奥运会有助于发展中国的体育产业。behelpfulin意为“有助于”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用介词in。故填in。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，得知你的朋友Jack由于期中考试临近，身心压力较大，复习效率低下。请你根据实际情况给他写一封建议信。内容包括：1.写信目的；2.提出建议；3.表达期望。注意：1.写作词数应为80词左右;2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。DearJack,____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJack,I’mterriblysorrytolearnthatyouaresoanxiousaboutthecomingmid-termexaminationthatyouaresufferingfrombadsleepandinefficientreviewing.I’dliketosharesomesuggestionswithyou.Firstofall,Ithinkmakingareasonableandpracticalplanisofgreatbenefit,whichwillremindyoutodosomethingregularlysoastofundamentallyreduceyourstress.Meanwhile,don’tforgettospareacertainperiodoftimefordailyexercisetorelaxyourselfbothphysicallyandmentally,whichwillinturnensureagoodsleep.Lastbutnottheleast,dohaveself-confidence.Aslongaswehavemadeeveryefforttostudy,itwillpayofffinally.Ihopemyadvicewillgetyouthroughthechallengingmoment.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，得知你朋友Jack由于期中考试临近，身心压力较大，复习效率低下。请你根据实际情况给他写一封建议信。【详解】1.词汇积累压力：stress→pressure合理的：reasonable→advisable效率低的：inefficient→ineffective同时：meanwhile→atthesametime2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：I’dliketosharesomesuggestionswithyou.拓展句：I’dliketosharesomesuggestionswithyou,whicharebeneficialtoyou.【点睛】[高分句型1]I’mterriblysorrytolearnthatyouaresoanxiousaboutthecomingmid-termexaminationthatyouaresufferingfrombadsleepandinefficientreviewing.(运用了that引导宾语从句)[高分句型2]Meanwhile,don’tforgettospareacertainperiodoftimefordailyexercisetorelaxyourselfboth physicallyandmentally,whichwillinturnensureagoodsleep.(运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Everyyear,thousandsofrunnersgatherinAustraliatoruntheyearly543.7-mile(875-kilometer)endurance(忍耐力)coursefromSydneytoMelbourne.Itisthoughttobeoneoftheworld‘stoughestultra-marathons(超级马拉松),whichcantakeuptofivedaystocrossthefinishline.Soonlythetopathletesofthegametypicallydaretotakeiton.Theyareyoung(generallyunder30),andobviouslywellequippedandtrained.Mostimportantly,withthehelpofhigh-levelteams,theywilldrawupadetailedplantomakesurethattheywillhaveenoughtimeforrunningandsleepingduringtherace.Butallthatchangedwhena61-year-oldcompetitorbythenameofCliffYoungenteredit.Cliffhadalwaysdreamedoftakingpartintheultra-marathonsinceheheardoftheeventwhenhewasyoung.Finally,withthesupportofhisfamily,hesignedupforitandnowhewanderedtothestartingblocks(起跑器).Buthemadeastrangesight.Everyonewaslaughingathiseverydayoveralls(连体工装裤)andworkboots(靴子)withhisracenumberproudlydisplayedonthebackofhisshirt.However,Cliffnevercaredaboutit.Whenquestionedbythemediawhyhedaredtotakepartinsuchachallengingrunning,hetoldthecuriouspressthathishard-workingbackgroundgavehimalltheskillsandendurancehe’dneedtofinishtherace,saying:“Igrewuponafarmwherewecouldn’taffordhorsesortractors,andthewholetimeIwasgrowingup,wheneverthestormswouldrollin,I’dhavetogooutandroundupthesheep.Wehad2,000sheepon2,000acres.SometimesIwouldhavetorunthosesheepfortwoorthreedays.Ittookalongtime,butI’dalwayscatchthem.IbelieveIcanrunthisrace.Sodomyfamily!”Hearingthis,theyweresoshockedandthoughthimtobetooconfident.Noonebelievedhewouldwin,andsomeevendoubtwhetherhewouldfinishthegame.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Andfromthemomenttherunnersleftthestartingblocks,itlookedliketheskeptics(怀疑者)wouldbeprovedright.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ However,accordingtoCliff,itwasallpartofhisplan.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】possibleversion:Andfromthemomenttherunnersleftthestartingblocks,itlookedliketheskeptics(怀疑者)wouldbeprovedright.Inthefirstmilesoftherace,Cliffwasquicklylefttrailingbehindhismoreexperiencedcompetitors.Hedidn’tevenseemtoberunningproperly —hedraggedhimselfforwardslowly,whichputhimindangerofinjury,letalonecompletingthecourse.Thatfirstnight,whenallthecompetitorswenttosleepafteralmost18-hourrunning,hejustputhisheaddownandcontinuedhisslowploddingthroughoutthenightandintotheearlymorning.Alltheaudienceweremorecertainofhisfailure.However,accordingtoCliff,itwasallpartofhisplan.Heintendedtorunconstantly,refusingtostopforsleep.Cilffshuffledonandon,asiftherewerecountlesssheepwaitingforhimtoroundupinfront.Gradually,henarrowedhisgap,gettingcloserandclosertothefrontofthepack.Bythelastnight,hisuniqueshufflewasn’tsofunnyanymore —ithadpoweredhimrightthroughtothefirstposition,andevenhelphimsetanewworldrecord.Cliffwascrownedthewinner,andthewholeworldcheeredwithhim.【解析】【导语】本文以时间为线索展开。61岁的克利夫参加了从悉尼到墨尔本的875公里耐力赛，他凭借不眠不休的计划逐渐缩短了和对手的差距并取得了冠军。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“从运动员离开起跑线的那一刻起，怀疑论者似乎就被证明是对的。”可知，第一段可描写克利夫的跑步状态不佳。②由第二段首句内容“然而，据克利夫说，这都是他计划的一部分。”可知，第二段可描写克利夫计划成功赢得冠军。2.续写线索：落后——姿势不佳——不眠不休——缩短差距——赢得比赛3.词汇激活行为类①.完成：complete/finish②.继续：continue/carryon ③.帮助：help/assist【点睛】[高分句型1]Hedidn’tevenseemtoberunningproperly—hedraggedhimselfforwardslowly,whichputhimindangerofinjury,letalonecompletingthecourse.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]Gradually,henarrowedhisgap,gettingcloserandclosertothefrontofthepack.(运用了现在分词作状语)听力答案：1-5CABCC6-10CBAAA11-15ACBCA16-20ACBBC