河北省沧衡八校联盟2023-2024学年高一上学期11月期中英语试题（Word版附解析）

沧衡八校联盟高一年级2023～2024学年上学期期中考试英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交问。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whereisthemannow?A.Inthelivingroom.B.Inthegarden.C.Inthekitchen.2.HowwasFredfeelinginthemorning?A.Surprised.B.Excited.C.Sad.3.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Sheisawriter.B.Sheisanurse.C.Sheisareporter.4.Howmuchmoneywillthemangetback?A.$5.B.$10.C.S15.5.Whatisthemandoing?A.Askingaboutflightprices.B.Leavingahotel.C.Bookingatrip.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6WhatcolorisFrodo’stail?A.White.B.Orange.C.Black.7Whatdocsthemanaskthewomanfor?A.Herphonenumber.B.Heraddress.C.Hername.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Howoftendoesthemanworkoutinthegym? A.Onceaweek.B.Twiceaweek.C.Threetimesaweek.9.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inagym.B.Atahospital.C.Onafootballfield.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?AFriends.B.Hostessandguest.C.Teacherandstudent.11.WhendidTimfirstwrite?A.Whenhewaslittle.B.Whenhewenttouniversity.C.WhenhestartedteachingEnglish.12.HowdoesTimgetideasforhisbooks?A.Fromtravel.B.Frommovies.C.Fromeverydaylife.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhatdidKarllearnduringhistripinBrazil?A.Howtohuntforfood.B.Howtotakecareofanimals.C.Howtospeakthelocallanguage.14.WhatmadeKarlscaredduringhistrip?A.Sleepingalone.B.Touchinganimals.C.Theheavyrainatnight.15.WhatdidKarlthinkofthelocalpeople?A.Theywereshy.B.Theywerefriendly.C.Theywerehumorous.16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Lookatsomepictures.B.Gotoaprintshop.C.Havesomefood.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Howtogethighgrades.B.Howtowriteagoodspeech.C.Howtoimproveself-confidence.18.Whohelpedthespeakerpracticespeaking?A.Histeacher.B.Hisclassmate.C.Adramaactor.19.Whichindustrydoesthespeakerworkinnow?A.Education.B.Sales.C.Drama. 20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestdoingattheendofthetalk?A.Facingmistakesbravely.B.Takingpartintheschoolplay.C.Talkingwiththeheadteacher.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHighSchoolProgramsinAustraliaBeautifulweather,friendlypeopleandawidelyvariedlandscapearejustafewofthereasonsyoushouldchoosetospendtimeinAustraliaasahighschoolstudent.Herearesomeprogramsyoucanchoosefrom.HighSchoolExchangeIndividualsstudyingforasemesterorfullyearinAustraliawillusuallylivewithahostfamily.ThisisagreatopportunityforstudentstoseewhatdailyfamilylifeislikeinAustralia.StudentslearningEnglishwillseetheirlanguageskillsimprovefromcommunicatingwiththeirnewfriendsandfamily,whilethosefamiliarwiththelanguagealreadycanusethisopportunitytolearnmoreabouttheday-to-daylifeinAustralia.YouthTravelToursTraveltoursforteensareawonderfulwayforhighschoolstudentstospendashort,concentratedamountoftimeabroad.Toursareusuallyfordifferentthemessuchascooking,adventuretravel,orvolunteerism.Studentswillhaveafun,uniqueexperiencewhileincorporatingeducationalcomponentslikeenvironmentalorculturalstudies-andallwithoutmissingyournormalcourseworkbackhome.SummerStudyProgramForstudentswhoonlyhavethefewmonthsofsummerbreakavailable,anadvancedsummerprogramisperfect.Justkeepinmind,thesummerofthenorthernhemisphereisactuallythewinterofAustralia.Oftentimesthesesummerprogramscanbepartneredwithuniversitiesthatwillallowstudentstoreceivecollegecredits.1.WhatcanHighSchoolExchangeoffer?A.Agoodcommandofwhatwelearnatschool.B.AbetterunderstandingofAustralianculture.C.Awonderfulwaytocommunicatewithfamousteachers.D.Apreciouschancetomakefriendsfromdifferentcountries.2.WhomaywanttochooseYouthTravelTours?A.Thosewhoareinterestedinpainting. B.Thosewhoareinterestedincooking.C.Thosewholikedoingadventuresports.D.Thosewhowanttotakeapart-timejob.3.Whichprogramshouldyouchooseifyouwanttoearncollegecredits?A.SummerStudyProgram.B.YouthTravelTours.C.HighSchoolExchange.D.Alloftheprograms.BMatthewhasretired.Heusedtobeworkinginasawmill(锯木厂).Cuttingandpilingwoodfor8hoursadayhadcausedhisfingerstobeinjuredandbleedallyearround.Outsidehisjob,heenjoyedwatchingbaseballgamesandhewasgladthathehadmoretimeforitafterheretired.InMatthew’seyes,baseballwasagameincludingdetails,mentalsharpness,andgreatpatience,andhethoughtinstructingyoungmenneededthesameabilities.TherewereboysonthehighschoolbaseballteamplayingintheneighborhoodandMatthewwastheirregularvisitor.Whetheronsummereveningsunderthelightsorinthemid-afternoonsun,hewasalwaystheonetoappearontime.Inthebeginning,hesimplysatandwatchedthem.Afteragoodplay,Matthewwouldgivethemapraisingsign,andamistakewouldearnhissmile,whichmeant,“You’llgetanotherchance!”Hecommunicatedwiththeboysinsuchaway.Gradually,theboysgotusedtoMatthew’spresenceandbecamefamiliarwithhim.Theywerecuriousabouthistoughhands.Hetalkedabouthisadventuresofworkingintheforest.Theywerelongandinspiringstories,allaboutfriendship,helpingeachother,andremaininghopefuleventhoughexperiencinghardship,andalsoabouthowaboygrewintoaman.Matthewwouldtaketimetoshowthemsomebasicskillstosomeslowlearnersandtookthetroubletorepeateachdetailuntiltheplayerswereskillful.WhatMatthewtaughtwasdeeplyrootedintheboys’heartsandtheycouldplaywonderfullyintheraces.Timeflew.Matthewthoughthewastoooldtoteachthemanything.Itwastimeforhimtoleave.However,theboystoldMatthewthathisfightingspirithadlongbeenpartoftheirteam.NearlyeveryoneontheteamlearnedtoexpectalittlemorefromthemselvesaslongasMatthewwasthere.4.WhatdidMatthewthinkofthebaseballgame?A.Ittookplentyofpatience.B.Itneededalotofstrength.C.Itmustbebasedoninterest.D.Itcalledforsharpmovements.5.HowdidMatthewexchangewiththeboysatfirst?A.Byjoiningtheminplayingbaseball. B.Byteachingthemsomespecialskills.C.Bysharinghispastaboutplayingbaseball.D.Byencouragingthemwithbodylanguage.6.WhatinfluencedidMatthewhaveontheboys?AHedevelopedthechildren’slovefortheforests.B.Hetaughtthemtheskillsofmakinggoodfriends.C.Hehelpedthemkeeppositiveduringtheirgrowth.D.Hemadethemlearntosearchfornewadventures.7.Whatcanweinferfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Matthew’sskillsweren’trecognizedbytheboys.B.Matthew’squalitywouldalwaysinspiretheboys.C.TheboysthoughtMatthewbecamelesspatientlater.D.TheboyslearnedmorebaseballskillsfromMatthew.CTwocarmanufacturingcompaniesintheUShavebeendevelopingself-drivingtaxis,sometimescalled“robotaxis”.BeforeAugust,theircarshavehadahumaninthedriver’sseat,readytotakeoveriftherewasaproblem,andtheycouldonlydriveinspecificareas,atcertaintimes.InearlyAugust,theyweren’trequiredtohavesafetydriversintheircars.Theyareprogrammedtodoeverythingontheirown,includingobeyingtherulesoftheroad,followingspeedlimits,andavoidingpeopleandothercars.Themovewasabigstepforself-drivingcars,andmanypeoplewereexcitedaboutthechange.Butalmostimmediately,therewereproblemscomingalong.Aself-drivingcarcrashedintoafiretruck,causingapersonseriouslyinjured.Later,anotheronefailedtoworkinthemiddleofacrossroad,causingatrafficjam.Asaresult,thetwocompaniesweretoldtotakehalfofitsrobotaxisofftheroads.Inonerecentexample,aself-drivingcargotstuckinwetconcrete(混凝土)becauseitdidn’tknowthatwetconcretewasdifferentfromaroad.Inanothercase,arobotaxikilledadog.Theself-drivingsystemknewthedogwasthere,butdidn’tknowhowtoavoidit.Mostpeoplebelievethatself-drivingcarsaren’treadyfortherealworld.Thosewhoareupsetaboutself-drivingcarshavefoundanunusualwaytobeagainstthem:puttingtrafficcones(路锥)onthehoods(引擎盖)ofrobotaxis,whichcanconfusethecars’drivingsystemandleavethemunabletomove.Inspiteoftheproblems,bothcompaniesareplanningtoexpandtheirself-drivingcarservicetoothercities.Oneofthemsaysitsdriverlesssystemwillsoonbeabletoworkinanycity,onanykindofvehicle.Thoughthequalityofself-drivingcarsisimproving,it’slikelytobeawhilebeforemostpeopleviewthemassafe. 8.Whatwasthebiggestchangetotherobotaxisrecently?A.Theyarelimitedintheirspeed.B.Theymustobeythetrafficrules.C.Theycanworkatcertaintimesofaday.D.Theycandrivewithoutahumandriver.9.Whatproblemhashappenedtorobotaxis?A.Theykilledapersoninanaccident.B.Theycouldn’tavoidthetrafficcones.C.Theysometimesbrokedownontheroads.D.Theyoftenfailedtorecognizethedirections.10.Howdomostpeoplefeelrobotaxis?A.Concerned.B.Supportive.C.Curious.D.Uncaring.11.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Robotaxisstruggledtosurvive,butfailedfinallyB.Robotaxismoveforward,butfarfromsatisfactionC.Robotaxisdrivenbyaperfectself-drivingsystemD.RobotaxisexpandingtomorecitiesinAmericaDTall,long-neckedgiraffesarefamousfortheirspotswhicharebelievedtohelptheanimalshidefromtheirenemies.Justlikenotwohumanshavethesamefingerprints,eachgiraffehasitsownspecialpatternofspots.However,aTennesseezoomadeheadlinesrecentlyafteritwelcomedoneoftheworld’smostuncommongiraffes.OnJuly31,ababygiraffewasbornatBrightsZoowithlightbrownfurwhichisareticulated(网状的)giraffe,oneofthefourdifferentkindsofgiraffes.Unlikemostgiraffes,shewasbornwithoutspots,auniquefeatureofthereticulatedgiraffe.Atsixfeettall,thisbabygiraffeisgrowingwellunderhermother’scare.Sheshowstypicalbabygiraffebehavior,suchaseatingrocks.Expertssaidtheyounggiraffewastheonlysingle-coloredreticulatedgiraffelivinganywhereontheplanet.Thelasttimethishappenedwas1972inJapan.Agiraffe’spatternofspotsiscreatedwhentheanimalisstillgrowinginsideitsmother.Thatmeansthatthisgiraffewillneverhavespots.“Thenewgiraffemightnothavesurvivedifshehadbeenborninthewild.Beingsingle-colored,shemaynotbeabletohidequiteaswell,”saidMr.DavidBright,whorunsthezoo,“Itwilleasilybeakeytargetforpoachers(偷猎者)becauseshe’ssounusual.” BrightsZoostressedthatreticulatedgiraffeshadalreadybecomeimperiled.In2018,theywereofficiallylistedas“threatened”.Thirty-fiveyearsago,therewere36,000reticulatedgiraffes.Now,thenumberhasbeencutbymorethan50%.Onlyabout16,000reticulatedgiraffesremain.Thisbrowngiraffe’sbirthisnotonlyarareandfascinatingevent,butalsoanopportunitytoraiseawarenessaboutthechallengesfacedbygiraffesinthewild.Bysupportingeffortslikethis,wecancontributetotheconservationoftheselargecreaturesandensuretheirsurvivalforgenerationstocome.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthespotsofgiraffes?A.Theyhelpprotectgiraffes.B.Theyarethesamepattern.C.Theylooklikegiraffes’footprints.D.Theyappearongiraffesoccasionally.13.WhatmakestheyounggiraffebornatBrightsZoospecial?A.Itsextremelylargesize.B.Itslightbrownfur.C.Itsunusualeatinghabit.D.Itsabsenceofspots.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“imperiled”meaninparagraph5?A.Recognized.B.Endangered.C.Doubled.D.Balanced.15.Whichwordcanbestdescribethebirthoftheyounggiraffe?A.Awkward.B.Worrying.C.Meaningful.D.Foreseeable.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Asweallknow,wasteisextremelybadfortheenvironment.Let’stalkaboutwhylitterisharmfultoourstreetsandtowns,ourdrinkingwater,andseaanimals.Wastecanhaveabadinfluenceonourcities.CleaninguplittercostsUStaxpayers(纳税人)andbusinesses$11.5billioneachyear.____16____Litteronthestreetscancauseroadaccidentswithhundredsofdeathsbecauseofit.Areasthathavemorewastehavemorecrime(犯罪).Thelitteronthestreetssendsamessagethatpeopledon’tcareabouttheirneighborhood.____17____Thelitterwedroponthegroundcanpolluterivers,lakes,oceans,andotherbodiesofwater.60%ofwaterpollutioniscausedbylittering.Wastehurtsseaanimals.____18____Youmaythinkthatwhenyoulitter,“Oh,thisisjustonepieceoflitter.Itcan’tdoanyharm.Butifeverypersondoesthat,evenifit’sonlyonce,therewillstillbe7.9billionpiecesoflitterinourocean.Overonemillionseaanimalsdieeveryyearbecauseofwaste.____19____Asyoucansee,wasteisharmfulinmanyways.____20____Weneedtotakeactiontoavoidunnecessary waste,andpickupeverypieceofwastewesee.Weshouldtrytomakeitahabitbecauseifwedon’t,thewasteproblemwillbecomeevenworse.A.Everybodywantstobreathefreshair.B.Thatmoneycouldhavebeenspentonparks.C.Howdoyoufeelwhenyouseepeoplelitteringaround?D.Inthefuturetheremightbemorewastethanfishintheocean.E.Littercangointothesoilandwaterandpolluteourdrinkingwater.F.Weneedtostoplitteringforus,fortheenvironment,andfortheplanet.G.Didyouknoweverydayalmost8millionpiecesoflittergointotheocean?第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mycarsuddenlybrokedownonahighwaywhengoingtoaweddingwithmydaughter.Peopleshouted___21___atmeandflashedtheirlightsasthey___22___away.Youcannotbelievehow___23___itisonthehighwayflowingat120km.Whenyou’re___24___,youareapartoftheflowandyoudon’tfeelthespeed.Whenyou___25___,yousuddenlyrealizehowdangerousyouare.Asa16-wheeltruck___26___mycar’sbackwindow,Ifoundthetruckstoppedinordernotto___27___me.Carspiledupbehindmeandtriedtomissoneanotherand___28___hittingme.Wefeltterribly___29___forthem.IcalledDiscoveryInsuretoassist.Whenwewerewaiting,Isawthetruck____30____behindusandamanranupquickly.IsaidIcouldn’tpayhimandmyinsuranceservicewasontheway.Hesaid,“Idon’twantmoney.Someonewillprobablyhityou.Youaren’t____31____here.”ThenIknewhisname,Godfrey.Godfreyplacedawarning____32____behindmycar.Hetookustohistruck,____33____topullmycarontohistruck,anddroveustosafety.Iwas____34____,sayinghewassokind,andtheworldneedsmorepeoplelikehim.GodfreywaiteduntilDiscoveryInsurecame.KnowingwewereOK,Godfreydroveoffas____35____asheappeared!Hewasgone,butIwillneverforgethiskindness!21.A.curiouslyB.patientlyC.angrilyD.proudly22.A.passedB.spedC.walkedD.ran23.A.slowB.terribleC.interestingD.comfortable24.A.drivingB.sleepingC.readingD.planning25.A.leaveB.jumpC.speakD.stop26.A.brokeB.destroyedC.beatD.filled 27.A.sendB.hideC.meetD.hit28.A.enjoyB.forgetC.avoidD.consider29.A.goodB.sorryC.braveD.sad30.A.parkB.flyC.rushD.operate31.A.activeB.happyC.safeD.responsible32.A.signB.letterC.topicD.light33.A.hopedB.managedC.pretendedD.refused34.A.carefulB.strangeC.gratefulD.awkward35.A.quicklyB.soonC.wellD.anxious第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。XuZhuoyuan,a16-year-oldgirlfromChangsha,HunanProvince,madehistorybybecomingthe____36____(young)Chinesefemaletoconquer(征服)Qomolangmafromthesouthernslope.Thehighschoolstudentstartedherexplorationtothehighestpeakintheworldinmid-April.Afterastruggling10-hourclimb,she____37____(successful)reachedthesummit(最高点)ofQomolangma.Xuisnot____38____strangertomountainclimbing.Herfather,thefirstpersonfromHunanProvince____39____(reach)thesummitofQomolangma,greatlyinfluencedher.She____40____(be)onadventuroustripswithhimsinceshewasachild.Bytheageof16,shehadalreadyclimbedfivehighhillsover5,000metersinChina.EvenifXuhadrichclimbingexperience,Xustillpreparedforthischallengeseriouslyandlookedforward____41____it.She____42____(take)strictandprofessionaltrainingtoconquerQomolangma.SheoncesaidonTV,“IwillclimbQomolangma.”Andshehasnowfulfilledherpromise.Xutalksabouttheimportanceof____43____(respect)natureandvalueseverysteptoward:thesummit.Shetookherfather’sgloves____44____werewornduringhissuccessfulsummitadventure,asawitness(见证人)toherdreamcomingtrue.Afteruniversity,sheplanstocontinueclimbingandconqueringanotherseven_____45_____(mountain)andtheNorthandSouthPoles.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，请你给正在生病的交换生Tom写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.表示安慰；2建议锻炼身体；3.你的理由。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearTom,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Dogscandosomuchforus,whetherthey’reservicedogsthatcanhelpwithmentalhealthproblemsorsearchandrescuedogssavinglivesduringanaturaldisaster.However,sometimesdogsaretheoneswhoneedahelpinghandfromus.Thisyear,IvisitedAncoatsCanal(运河)inManchesterwithmytwofriends,JackandBen.wherewecouldfilmlotsofbeautifulscenes.Attheendofthevisit,wemanagedtoseekoutaplacetohavearest.Suddenly,wesawamanlyingandstrugglingwithaleash(狗链)overawall.Whenwegotcloser.werealizedthemanwasintrouble.Atthattime,Ijusttookmycameratofilmsomebeautifulscenes.Themanheldtightlytotheleashtotrytokeephisdogfrombeingdraggedaway.Thedogfellintothecanal.strugglingtocatchtheleash.Obviously,themanwaspanicking(惊慌).Withthecameraputtingonthewall,wequicklyjumpedintohelp.Wecouldn’tletthatdogdownandnothelp.Iclimbeddownthecanalfirst.However,thewallofthecanalwastoohigh,soIwasnotenoughtogetthedog.Wenoticedthemaninpainandthedogdesperatelymovedhisbacklegsinsearchoftheground.Finally,myfriend,Jack,wasseizedbyasuddeninspiration.“Iamthetallestofus.Iamdangled(悬挂)upsidedownbythelegsandyoucandragmylegssoIcouldreachthedog,”Jacksaidexcitedly.“Thatisagoodidea,”themansaidhappily.注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Wecarriedoutourplanimmediately.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thevideoofthemovingrescuewaspostedonlineafterwecamebackhome.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________听力：1～5CBBAC6～10CACBB11～15ACACB16～20ACABA 沧衡八校联盟高一年级2023～2024学年上学期期中考试英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交问。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whereisthemannow?A.Inthelivingroom.B.Inthegarden.C.Inthekitchen.2.HowwasFredfeelinginthemorning?A.Surprised.B.Excited.C.Sad.3.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Sheisawriter.B.Sheisanurse.C.Sheisareporter.4.Howmuchmoneywillthemangetback?A.$5.B.$10.C.S15.5.Whatisthemandoing?A.Askingaboutflightprices.B.Leavingahotel.C.Bookingatrip.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatcolorisFrodo’stail?A.White.B.Orange.C.Black.7.Whatdocsthemanaskthewomanfor?A.Herphonenumber.B.Heraddress.C.Hername.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Howoftendoesthemanworkoutinthegym?A.Onceaweek.B.Twiceaweek.C.Threetimesaweek. 9.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inagym.B.Atahospital.C.Onafootballfield.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Hostessandguest.C.Teacherandstudent.11.WhendidTimfirstwrite?A.Whenhewaslittle.B.Whenhewenttouniversity.C.WhenhestartedteachingEnglish.12.HowdoesTimgetideasforhisbooks?A.Fromtravel.B.Frommovies.C.Fromeverydaylife.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhatdidKarllearnduringhistripinBrazil?A.Howtohuntforfood.B.Howtotakecareofanimals.C.Howtospeakthelocallanguage.14.WhatmadeKarlscaredduringhistrip?A.Sleepingalone.B.Touchinganimals.C.Theheavyrainatnight.15.WhatdidKarlthinkofthelocalpeople?A.Theywereshy.B.Theywerefriendly.C.Theywerehumorous.16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Lookatsomepictures.B.Gotoaprintshop.C.Havesomefood.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Howtogethighgrades.B.Howtowriteagoodspeech.C.Howtoimproveself-confidence.18.Whohelpedthespeakerpracticespeaking?A.Histeacher.B.Hisclassmate.C.Adramaactor.19.Whichindustrydoesthespeakerworkinnow?A.Education.B.Sales.C.Drama.20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestdoingattheendofthetalk?A.Facingmistakesbravely. B.Takingpartintheschoolplay.C.Talkingwiththeheadteacher.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHighSchoolProgramsinAustraliaBeautifulweather,friendlypeopleandawidelyvariedlandscapearejustafewofthereasonsyoushouldchoosetospendtimeinAustraliaasahighschoolstudent.Herearesomeprogramsyoucanchoosefrom.HighSchoolExchangeIndividualsstudyingforasemesterorfullyearinAustraliawillusuallylivewithahostfamily.ThisisagreatopportunityforstudentstoseewhatdailyfamilylifeislikeinAustralia.StudentslearningEnglishwillseetheirlanguageskillsimprovefromcommunicatingwiththeirnewfriendsandfamily,whilethosefamiliarwiththelanguagealreadycanusethisopportunitytolearnmoreabouttheday-to-daylifeinAustralia.YouthTravelToursTraveltoursforteensareawonderfulwayforhighschoolstudentstospendashort,concentratedamountoftimeabroad.Toursareusuallyfordifferentthemessuchascooking,adventuretravel,orvolunteerism.Studentswillhaveafun,uniqueexperiencewhileincorporatingeducationalcomponentslikeenvironmentalorculturalstudies-andallwithoutmissingyournormalcourseworkbackhome.SummerStudyProgramForstudentswhoonlyhavethefewmonthsofsummerbreakavailable,anadvancedsummerprogramisperfect.Justkeepinmind,thesummerofthenorthernhemisphereisactuallythewinterofAustralia.Oftentimesthesesummerprogramscanbepartneredwithuniversitiesthatwillallowstudentstoreceivecollegecredits.1.WhatcanHighSchoolExchangeoffer?A.Agoodcommandofwhatwelearnatschool.B.AbetterunderstandingofAustralianculture.C.Awonderfulwaytocommunicatewithfamousteachers.D.Apreciouschancetomakefriendsfromdifferentcountries.2.WhomaywanttochooseYouthTravelTours?A.Thosewhoareinterestedinpainting.B.Thosewhoareinterestedincooking.C.Thosewholikedoingadventuresports. D.Thosewhowanttotakeapart-timejob.3.Whichprogramshouldyouchooseifyouwanttoearncollegecredits?A.SummerStudyProgram.B.YouthTravelTours.CHighSchoolExchange.D.Alloftheprograms.【答案】1.B2.B3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一些澳大利亚的高中课程项目及其优点。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“ThisisagreatopportunityforstudentstoseewhatdailyfamilylifeislikeinAustralia.”（这是一个很好的机会，可以让学生看到澳大利亚的日常家庭生活是什么样的。）及最后一句“ thosefamiliarwiththelanguagealreadycanusethisopportunitytolearnmoreabouttheday-to-daylifeinAustralia.”（那些已经熟悉了这种语言的学生能利用这个机会了解更多澳大利亚的日常生活。）可知，参与该课程项目可以让学生更好地了解澳大利亚的日常生活，即更好地理解当地文化风俗。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Toursareusuallyfordifferentthemessuchascooking,adventuretravel,orvolunteerism.”（旅行团通常有不同的主题，如烹饪、探险旅行或志愿服务。）可知，对烹饪感兴趣的同学可能会参与该项目。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Oftentimesthesesummerprogramscanbepartneredwithuniversitiesthatwillallowstudentstoreceivecollegecredits.”（通常，这些暑期项目可以与大学合作，让学生获得大学学分。）可知，参加暑期学习项目可以获得学分。故选A项。BMatthewhasretired.Heusedtobeworkinginasawmill(锯木厂).Cuttingandpilingwoodfor8hoursadayhadcausedhisfingerstobeinjuredandbleedallyearround.Outsidehisjob,heenjoyedwatchingbaseballgamesandhewasgladthathehadmoretimeforitafterheretired.InMatthew’seyes,baseballwasagameincludingdetails,mentalsharpness,andgreatpatience,andhethoughtinstructingyoungmenneededthesameabilities.TherewereboysonthehighschoolbaseballteamplayingintheneighborhoodandMatthewwastheirregularvisitor.Whetheronsummereveningsunderthelightsorinthemid-afternoonsun,hewasalwaystheonetoappearontime.Inthebeginning,hesimplysatandwatchedthem.Afteragoodplay,Matthewwouldgivethemapraisingsign,andamistakewouldearnhissmile,whichmeant,“You’llgetanotherchance!”Hecommunicatedwiththeboysinsuchaway. Gradually,theboysgotusedtoMatthew’spresenceandbecamefamiliarwithhim.Theywerecuriousabouthistoughhands.Hetalkedabouthisadventuresofworkingintheforest.Theywerelongandinspiringstories,allaboutfriendship,helpingeachother,andremaininghopefuleventhoughexperiencinghardship,andalsoabouthowaboygrewintoaman.Matthewwouldtaketimetoshowthemsomebasicskillstosomeslowlearnersandtookthetroubletorepeateachdetailuntiltheplayerswereskillful.WhatMatthewtaughtwasdeeplyrootedintheboys’heartsandtheycouldplaywonderfullyintheraces.Timeflew.Matthewthoughthewastoooldtoteachthemanything.Itwastimeforhimtoleave.However,theboystoldMatthewthathisfightingspirithadlongbeenpartoftheirteam.NearlyeveryoneontheteamlearnedtoexpectalittlemorefromthemselvesaslongasMatthewwasthere.4.WhatdidMatthewthinkofthebaseballgame?A.Ittookplentyofpatience.B.Itneededalotofstrength.C.Itmustbebasedoninterest.D.Itcalledforsharpmovements.5.HowdidMatthewexchangewiththeboysatfirst?A.Byjoiningtheminplayingbaseball.B.Byteachingthemsomespecialskills.C.Bysharinghispastaboutplayingbaseball.D.Byencouragingthemwithbodylanguage.6.WhatinfluencedidMatthewhaveontheboys?A.Hedevelopedthechildren’slovefortheforests.B.Hetaughtthemtheskillsofmakinggoodfriends.C.Hehelpedthemkeeppositiveduringtheirgrowth.D.Hemadethemlearntosearchfornewadventures.7.Whatcanweinferfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Matthew’sskillsweren’trecognizedbytheboys.B.Matthew’squalitywouldalwaysinspiretheboys.C.TheboysthoughtMatthewbecamelesspatientlater.D.TheboyslearnedmorebaseballskillsfromMatthew.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Matthew在退休后通过观看和指导高中棒球队的方式来传授 生活经验和人生哲理的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“InMatthew’seyes,baseballwasagameincludingdetails,mentalsharpness,andgreatpatience,andhethoughtinstructingyoungmenneededthesameabilities.(在Matthew的眼中，棒球是一项包括细节、精神敏锐度和极大耐心的运动，他认为指导年轻人需要同样的能力。)”可知，在Matthew看来，棒球是一项包括细节、精神敏锐度和极大耐心的运动。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Inthebeginning,hesimplysatandwatchedthem.Afteragoodplay,Matthewwouldgivethemapraisingsign,andamistakewouldearnhissmile,whichmeant,“You’llgetanotherchance!”Hecommunicatedwiththeboysinsuchaway.(一开始，他只是坐在那里看着他们。在一次精彩的表演之后，Matthew会给他们一个表扬的手势，一个错误就会得到他的微笑，意思是：“你们会有另一次机会的！”他用这种方式和孩子们交流。)”可知，最初Matthew通过肢体语言鼓励孩子们来和孩子们交流。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Hetalkedabouthisadventuresofworkingintheforest.Theywerelongandinspiringstories,allaboutfriendship,helpingeachother,andremaininghopefuleventhoughexperiencinghardship,andalsoabouthowaboygrewintoaman.(他谈到了他在森林里工作的冒险经历。这些故事很长，很鼓舞人心，都是关于友谊，互相帮助，即使经历困难也保持希望，也讲述了一个男孩如何成长为一个男人。)”可知，Matthew通过讲述自己在森林里工作的冒险经历，教育孩子们要互相帮助，即使经历困难也保持希望。也就是说在成长的过程中要始终保持积极的心态。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“WhatMatthewtaughtwasdeeplyrootedintheboys’heartsandtheycouldplaywonderfullyintheraces.(Matthew的教导深深扎根在孩子们的心中，他们在赛跑中表现出色。)”以及最后一段“However,theboystoldMatthewthathisfightingspirithadlongbeenpartoftheirteam.NearlyeveryoneontheteamlearnedtoexpectalittlemorefromthemselvesaslongasMatthewwasthere.(然而，男孩们告诉Matthew，他的战斗精神一直是他们团队的一部分。几乎团队中的每个人都学会了只要Matthew在那里，他们就会对自己有更多的期望。)”可知，Matthew的教导和战斗精神一直在激励着男孩们。故选B。CTwocarmanufacturingcompaniesintheUShavebeendevelopingself-drivingtaxis,sometimescalled“robotaxis”.BeforeAugust,theircarshavehadahumaninthedriver’sseat,readytotakeoveriftherewasaproblem,andtheycouldonlydriveinspecificareas,atcertaintimes.InearlyAugust,theyweren’trequiredtohavesafetydriversintheircars.Theyareprogrammedtodoeverythingontheirown,includingobeyingtherulesoftheroad, followingspeedlimits,andavoidingpeopleandothercars.Themovewasabigstepforself-drivingcars,andmanypeoplewereexcitedaboutthechange.Butalmostimmediately,therewereproblemscomingalong.Aself-drivingcarcrashedintoafiretruck,causingapersonseriouslyinjured.Later,anotheronefailedtoworkinthemiddleofacrossroad,causingatrafficjam.Asaresult,thetwocompaniesweretoldtotakehalfofitsrobotaxisofftheroads.Inonerecentexample,aself-drivingcargotstuckinwetconcrete(混凝土)becauseitdidn’tknowthatwetconcretewasdifferentfromaroad.Inanothercase,arobotaxikilledadog.Theself-drivingsystemknewthedogwasthere,butdidn’tknowhowtoavoidit.Mostpeoplebelievethatself-drivingcarsaren’treadyfortherealworld.Thosewhoareupsetaboutself-drivingcarshavefoundanunusualwaytobeagainstthem:puttingtrafficcones(路锥)onthehoods(引擎盖)ofrobotaxis,whichcanconfusethecars’drivingsystemandleavethemunabletomove.Inspiteoftheproblems,bothcompaniesareplanningtoexpandtheirself-drivingcarservicetoothercities.Oneofthemsaysitsdriverlesssystemwillsoonbeabletoworkinanycity,onanykindofvehicle.Thoughthequalityofself-drivingcarsisimproving,it’slikelytobeawhilebeforemostpeopleviewthemassafe.8.Whatwasthebiggestchangetotherobotaxisrecently?A.Theyarelimitedintheirspeed.B.Theymustobeythetrafficrules.C.Theycanworkatcertaintimesofaday.D.Theycandrivewithoutahumandriver.9.Whatproblemhashappenedtorobotaxis?A.Theykilledapersoninanaccident.B.Theycouldn’tavoidthetrafficcones.C.Theysometimesbrokedownontheroads.D.Theyoftenfailedtorecognizethedirections.10.Howdomostpeoplefeelrobotaxis?A.Concerned.B.Supportive.C.Curious.D.Uncaring.11.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Robotaxisstruggledtosurvive,butfailedfinallyB.Robotaxismoveforward,butfarfromsatisfactionC.Robotaxisdrivenbyaperfectself-drivingsystemD.RobotaxisexpandingtomorecitiesinAmerica【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.B 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了美国两家汽车制造公司正在开发自动驾驶出租车的情况，包括它们的计划、面临的挑战以及发生的一些事故。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“BeforeAugust,theircarshavehadahumaninthedriver’sseat,readytotakeoveriftherewasaproblem,andtheycouldonlydriveinspecificareas,atcertaintimes.InearlyAugust,theyweren’trequiredtohavesafetydriversintheircars.Theyareprogrammedtodoeverythingontheirown,includingobeyingtherulesoftheroad,followingspeedlimits,andavoidingpeopleandothercars.(在8月之前，他们的汽车已经有了一个人坐在驾驶座上，准备在出现问题时接管，而且他们只能在特定的时间在特定的区域行驶。8月初，他们的车没有被要求配备安全驾驶员。他们被编程为自己做任何事情，包括遵守道路规则，遵循速度限制，避开人和其他车辆。)”可知，最近机器人出租车最大的变化是车上没有安全驾驶员了。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Later,anotheronefailedtoworkinthemiddleofacrossroad,causingatrafficjam.(后来，另一辆在十字路口的中间失灵，造成了交通堵塞。)”可知，机器人出租车有时会在路上抛锚。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Mostpeoplebelievethatself-drivingcarsaren’treadyfortherealworld.(大多数人认为，自动驾驶汽车还没有为现实世界做好准备。)”可知，大多数人对自动驾驶汽车表示担忧，认为自动驾驶汽车还没有为现实世界做好准备。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“TwocarmanufacturingcompaniesintheUShavebeendevelopingself-drivingtaxis,sometimescalled“robotaxis”.BeforeAugust,theircarshavehadahumaninthedriver’sseat,readytotakeoveriftherewasaproblem,andtheycouldonlydriveinspecificareas,atcertaintimes.InearlyAugust,theyweren’trequiredtohavesafetydriversintheircars.Theyareprogrammedtodoeverythingontheirown,includingobeyingtherulesoftheroad,followingspeedlimits,andavoidingpeopleandothercars.(美国两家汽车制造公司一直在开发自动驾驶出租车，有时被称为“机器人出租车”。在8月之前，他们的汽车已经有了一个人坐在驾驶座上，准备在出现问题时接管，而且他们只能在特定的时间在特定的区域行驶。8月初，他们的车没有被要求配备安全驾驶员。他们被编程为自己做任何事情，包括遵守道路规则，遵循速度限制，避开人和其他车辆。)”以及最后一段“Inspiteoftheproblems,bothcompaniesareplanningtoexpandtheirself-drivingcarservicetoothercities.Oneofthemsaysitsdriverlesssystemwillsoonbeabletoworkinanycity,onanykindofvehicle.Thoughthequalityofself-drivingcarsisimproving,it’slikelytobeawhilebeforemostpeopleviewthemassafe.(尽 管存在这些问题，但两家公司都计划将自动驾驶汽车服务扩展到其他城市。其中一家公司表示，它的无人驾驶系统很快就能在任何城市、任何类型的车辆上工作。尽管自动驾驶汽车的质量正在提高，但要让大多数人认为它们是安全的，可能还需要一段时间。)”可知，文章主要讲述的是机器人出租车一直在研发，但是远不能令人满意。故选B。DTall,long-neckedgiraffesarefamousfortheirspotswhicharebelievedtohelptheanimalshidefromtheirenemies.Justlikenotwohumanshavethesamefingerprints,eachgiraffehasitsownspecialpatternofspots.However,aTennesseezoomadeheadlinesrecentlyafteritwelcomedoneoftheworld’smostuncommongiraffes.OnJuly31,ababygiraffewasbornatBrightsZoowithlightbrownfurwhichisareticulated(网状的)giraffe,oneofthefourdifferentkindsofgiraffes.Unlikemostgiraffes,shewasbornwithoutspots,auniquefeatureofthereticulatedgiraffe.Atsixfeettall,thisbabygiraffeisgrowingwellunderhermother’scare.Sheshowstypicalbabygiraffebehavior,suchaseatingrocks.Expertssaidtheyounggiraffewastheonlysingle-coloredreticulatedgiraffelivinganywhereontheplanet.Thelasttimethishappenedwas1972inJapan.Agiraffe’spatternofspotsiscreatedwhentheanimalisstillgrowinginsideitsmother.Thatmeansthatthisgiraffewillneverhavespots.“Thenewgiraffemightnothavesurvivedifshehadbeenborninthewild.Beingsingle-colored,shemaynotbeabletohidequiteaswell,”saidMr.DavidBright,whorunsthezoo,“Itwilleasilybeakeytargetforpoachers(偷猎者)becauseshe’ssounusual.”BrightsZoostressedthatreticulatedgiraffeshadalreadybecomeimperiled.In2018,theywereofficiallylistedas“threatened”.Thirty-fiveyearsago,therewere36,000reticulatedgiraffes.Now,thenumberhasbeencutbymorethan50%.Onlyabout16,000reticulatedgiraffesremain.Thisbrowngiraffe’sbirthisnotonlyarareandfascinatingevent,butalsoanopportunitytoraiseawarenessaboutthechallengesfacedbygiraffesinthewild.Bysupportingeffortslikethis,wecancontributetotheconservationoftheselargecreaturesandensuretheirsurvivalforgenerationstocome.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthespotsofgiraffes?A.Theyhelpprotectgiraffes.B.Theyarethesamepattern.C.Theylooklikegiraffes’footprints.D.Theyappearongiraffesoccasionally.13.WhatmakestheyounggiraffebornatBrightsZoospecial?A.Itsextremelylargesize.B.Itslightbrownfur.C.Itsunusualeatinghabit.D.Itsabsenceofspots.14Whatdoestheunderlinedword“imperiled”meaninparagraph5? A.Recognized.B.Endangered.C.Doubled.D.Balanced.15.Whichwordcanbestdescribethebirthoftheyounggiraffe?A.Awkward.B.Worrying.C.Meaningful.D.Foreseeable.【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了田纳西州的一家动物园出生了一只没有斑点的长颈鹿，文章解释了斑点对于长颈鹿的作用以及这只小长颈鹿出生的意义。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Tall,long-neckedgiraffesarefamousfortheirspotswhicharebelievedtohelptheanimalshidefromtheirenemies.(高大、长脖子的长颈鹿以其斑点而闻名，人们认为这些斑点可以帮助它们躲避敌人)”可知，长颈鹿的斑点有助于保护长颈鹿。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Unlikemostgiraffes,shewasbornwithoutspots,auniquefeatureofthereticulatedgiraffe.(与大多数长颈鹿不同，她出生时没有斑点，这是网状长颈鹿的一个独特特征)”可知，在布莱特动物园出生的小长颈鹿的特别之处是没有斑点。故选D。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“In2018,theywereofficiallylistedas“threatened”.Thirty-fiveyearsago,therewere36,000reticulatedgiraffes.Now,thenumberhasbeencutbymorethan50%.Onlyabout16,000reticulatedgiraffesremain.(2018年，它们被正式列为“受威胁”。35年前，有36000只网纹长颈鹿。现在，这个数字已经减少了50%以上。目前只剩下大约16000只网纹长颈鹿)”可知，网纹长颈鹿剩的数量不多了，说明濒临灭绝了。故划线词意思是“濒临灭绝的”。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thisbrowngiraffe’sbirthisnotonlyarareandfascinatingevent,butalsoanopportunitytoraiseawarenessaboutthechallengesfacedbygiraffesinthewild.Bysupportingeffortslikethis,wecancontributetotheconservationoftheselargecreaturesandensuretheirsurvivalforgenerationstocome.(这只棕色长颈鹿的出生不仅是一个罕见而迷人的事件，也是一个提高人们对野生长颈鹿面临的挑战的认识的机会。通过支持这样的努力，我们可以为保护这些大型生物做出贡献，并确保它们的子孙后代得以生存)”可推知，小长颈鹿的诞生是有意义的。故选C。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Asweallknow,wasteisextremelybadfortheenvironment.Let’stalkaboutwhylitterisharmfultoourstreetsandtowns,ourdrinkingwater,andseaanimals.Wastecanhaveabadinfluenceonourcities.CleaninguplittercostsUStaxpayers(纳税人)andbusinesses$11.5billioneachyear.____16____Litteronthestreetscancauseroadaccidentswithhundredsofdeathsbecauseofit.Areasthathavemorewastehavemorecrime(犯罪).Thelitteronthestreetssendsamessagethatpeopledon’tcareabouttheirneighborhood.____17____Thelitterwedroponthegroundcanpolluterivers,lakes,oceans,andotherbodiesofwater.60%ofwaterpollutioniscausedbylittering.Wastehurtsseaanimals.____18____Youmaythinkthatwhenyoulitter,“Oh,thisisjustonepieceoflitter.Itcan’tdoanyharm.Butifeverypersondoesthat,evenifit’sonlyonce,therewillstillbe7.9billionpiecesoflitterinourocean.Overonemillionseaanimalsdieeveryyearbecauseofwaste.____19____Asyoucansee,wasteisharmfulinmanyways.____20____Weneedtotakeactiontoavoidunnecessarywaste,andpickupeverypieceofwastewesee.Weshouldtrytomakeitahabitbecauseifwedon’t,thewasteproblemwillbecomeevenworse.A.Everybodywantstobreathefreshair.B.Thatmoneycouldhavebeenspentonparks.C.Howdoyoufeelwhenyouseepeoplelitteringaround?D.Inthefuturetheremightbemorewastethanfishintheocean.E.Littercangointothesoilandwaterandpolluteourdrinkingwater.F.Weneedtostoplitteringforus,fortheenvironment,andfortheplanet.G.Didyouknoweverydayalmost8millionpiecesoflittergointotheocean?【答案】16.B17.E18.G19.D20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了垃圾对环境的具体危害，垃圾垃圾会对我们的城市产生不良影响，还会污染河流、湖泊、海洋和其他水体。呼吁我们停止乱扔垃圾。【16题详解】根据上文“Wastecanhaveabadinfluenceonourcities.CleaninguplittercostsUStaxpayers(纳税人)andbusinesses$11.5billioneachyear.(垃圾会对我们的城市产生不良影响。清理垃圾每年要花费美国纳税人和企业115亿美元)”可知，上文提到了处理垃圾的花费金额，B选项中Thatmoney指代上文$11.5billion。故B选项“那笔钱本可以花在公园上”符合语境，说明了钱本应该的用处。故选B。【17题详解】 根据后文“Thelitterwedroponthegroundcanpolluterivers,lakes,oceans,andotherbodiesofwater.60%ofwaterpollutioniscausedbylittering.Wastehurtsseaanimals.(我们扔在地上的垃圾会污染河流、湖泊、海洋和其他水体。60%的水污染是由乱扔垃圾造成的。垃圾会伤害海洋动物)”可知，后文提到了垃圾会污染河流、湖泊、海洋和其他水体，说明垃圾会污染水源，故E选项“垃圾会进入土壤和水，污染我们的饮用水”符合语境，故选E。【18题详解】根据上文“Thelitterwedroponthegroundcanpolluterivers,lakes,oceans,andotherbodiesofwater.60%ofwaterpollutioniscausedbylittering.Wastehurtsseaanimals.(我们扔在地上的垃圾会污染河流、湖泊、海洋和其他水体。60%的水污染是由乱扔垃圾造成的。垃圾会伤害海洋动物)”以及后文“Youmaythinkthatwhenyoulitter,“Oh,thisisjustonepieceoflitter.Itcan’tdoanyharm.Butifeverypersondoesthat,evenifit’sonlyonce,therewillstillbe7.9billionpiecesoflitterinourocean.Overonemillionseaanimalsdieeveryyearbecauseofwaste.(当你乱扔垃圾时，你可能会想，“哦，这只是一块垃圾。它不会有任何害处。但如果每个人都这样做，即使只有一次，我们的海洋中仍然会有79亿件垃圾。每年有超过一百万的海洋动物因为垃圾而死亡)”可知，上文提到了垃圾会伤害海洋动物，后文提到了扔垃圾的现象，说明本句是在就垃圾进入海洋的数量进行设问。故G选项“你知道每天大约有800万件垃圾进入海洋吗？”符合语境，故选G。【19题详解】根据上文“Overonemillionseaanimalsdieeveryyearbecauseofwaste.(每年有超过一百万海洋动物因为垃圾而死亡)”可知，上文提到了每年海洋动物因为垃圾而死亡，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文说明其结果：将来海洋里的废物可能比鱼还多。故D选项“将来海洋里的废物可能比鱼还多”符合语境，故选D。【20题详解】根据上文“Asyoucansee,wasteisharmfulinmanyways.(正如你所看到的，垃圾在很多方面都是有害的)”以及后文“Weneedtotakeactiontoavoidunnecessarywaste,andpickupeverypieceofwastewesee.Weshouldtrytomakeitahabitbecauseifwedon’t,thewasteproblemwillbecomeevenworse.(我们需要采取行动避免不必要的浪费，捡起我们看到的每一块垃圾。我们应该努力使它成为一种习惯，因为如果我们不这样做，浪费问题将变得更糟)”可知，上文提到了垃圾在很多方面都是有害的，后文提到采取行动，可知本句是在呼吁保护环境，停止乱扔垃圾。故F选项“为了我们自己，为了环境，为了地球，我们必须停止乱扔垃圾”符合语境，故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mycarsuddenlybrokedownonahighwaywhengoingtoaweddingwithmydaughter. Peopleshouted___21___atmeandflashedtheirlightsasthey___22___away.Youcannotbelievehow___23___itisonthehighwayflowingat120km.Whenyou’re___24___,youareapartoftheflowandyoudon’tfeelthespeed.Whenyou___25___,yousuddenlyrealizehowdangerousyouare.Asa16-wheeltruck___26___mycar’sbackwindow,Ifoundthetruckstoppedinordernotto___27___me.Carspiledupbehindmeandtriedtomissoneanotherand___28___hittingme.Wefeltterribly___29___forthem.IcalledDiscoveryInsuretoassist.Whenwewerewaiting,Isawthetruck____30____behindusandamanranupquickly.IsaidIcouldn’tpayhimandmyinsuranceservicewasontheway.Hesaid,“Idon’twantmoney.Someonewillprobablyhityou.Youaren’t____31____here.”ThenIknewhisname,Godfrey.Godfreyplacedawarning____32____behindmycar.Hetookustohistruck,____33____topullmycarontohistruck,anddroveustosafety.Iwas____34____,sayinghewassokind,andtheworldneedsmorepeoplelikehim.GodfreywaiteduntilDiscoveryInsurecame.KnowingwewereOK,Godfreydroveoffas____35____asheappeared!Hewasgone,butIwillneverforgethiskindness!21.A.curiouslyB.patientlyC.angrilyD.proudly22.A.passedB.spedC.walkedD.ran23.A.slowB.terribleC.interestingD.comfortable24.A.drivingB.sleepingC.readingD.planning25.A.leaveB.jumpC.speakD.stop26.A.brokeB.destroyedC.beatD.filled27.A.sendB.hideC.meetD.hit28.A.enjoyB.forgetC.avoidD.consider29.A.goodB.sorryC.braveD.sad30A.parkB.flyC.rushD.operate31.A.activeB.happyC.safeD.responsible32.A.signB.letterC.topicD.light33.A.hopedB.managedC.pretendedD.refused34.A.carefulB.strangeC.gratefulD.awkward35.A.quicklyB.soonC.wellD.anxious【答案】21.C22.B23.B24.A25.D26.D27.D28.C29.B30.A31.C32.A33.B34.C35.A【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在高速公路上抛锚，得到了一个陌生男人帮助的故事。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：人们愤怒地对我大喊大叫，并在他们快速离开时闪灯。A.curiously奇怪地；B.patiently耐心地；C.angrily愤怒地；D.proudly骄傲地。根据上文“Mycarsuddenlybrokedownonahighwaywhengoingtoaweddingwithmydaughter.”可知，作者的车突然抛锚，所以后面的人们会愤怒地朝着作者喊。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们愤怒地对我大喊大叫，并在他们快速离开时闪灯。A.passed通过；B.sped加速，快速前行；C.walked走；D.ran跑。根据下文“Youcannotbelievehow___3___itisonthehighwayflowingat120km.”可知，事件发生在高速路上，所以人们发现作者的车抛锚后，也会快速驶过。故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你无法相信在120公里的高速公路上会有多可怕。A.slow慢的；B.terrible可怕的；C.interesting有趣的；D.comfortable舒服的。根据下文“onthehighwayflowingat120km”以及“Whenyou___5___,yousuddenlyrealizehowdangerousyouare.”可知，此处表示在高速公路上很危险，是可怕的。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你开车时，你是车流的一部分，你感觉不到速度。A.driving驾驶；B.sleeping睡眠；C.reading读；D.planning计划。根据下文“youareapartoftheflowandyoudon’tfeelthespeed.”可知，此处表示开车时，作为车流的一部分，你会感觉不到速度。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你停下来的时候，你突然意识到自己有多危险。A.leave离开；B.jump跳；C.speak说；D.stop停止。根据上文“Mycarsuddenlybrokedownonahighwaywhengoingtoaweddingwithmydaughter.”以及下文“yousuddenlyrealizehowdangerousyouare.”可知，作者的车抛锚，停在高速公路上，意识到这是危险的。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当一辆16轮卡车挤满我的车后窗时，我发现卡车停了下来，以免撞到我。A.broke打破；B.destroyed破坏；C.beat敲打；D.filled充满充。根据下文“mycar’sbackwindow,Ifoundthetruckstoppedinordernotto___7___me.”以及语境可知，作者的车抛锚停在高速公路上，所以此处表示一辆卡车距离作者的车很近，从车窗看，就像是那辆车挤满了作者的车窗。故选D。【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当一辆16轮卡车挤满我的车后窗时，我发现卡车停了下来，以免撞到我。A.send发送；B.hide隐藏；C.meet遇见；D.hit打。根据上文“Ifoundthetruckstoppedinordernotto”可知，那辆车停下来是为了不撞到作者的车。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：汽车在我身后堆积，试图相互错过，避免撞到我。A.enjoy享受；B.forget忘记；C.avoid避免；D.consider考虑。根据上文“Carspiledupbehindmeandtriedtomissoneanotherand”可知，那些汽车的做法是为了避免撞到作者。故选C。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们为他们感到非常抱歉。A.good好的；B.sorry抱歉的；C.brave勇敢的；D.sad悲哀的。根据上文“Carspiledupbehindmeandtriedtomissoneanotherand___8___hittingme.”可知，作者给人们造成了麻烦，所以作者为他们感觉抱歉。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们在等的时候，我看到卡车停在我们身后，一个人很快跑了上来。A.park停车；B.fly飞；C.rush冲；D.operate运转。根据上文“Ifoundthetruckstoppedinordernotto___7___me.”可知，此处表示停在作者后边的卡车。故选A。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你在这里不安全。A.active积极的；B.happy快乐的；C.safe安全的；D.responsible负责的。根据上文“Someonewillprobablyhityou.”可知，这个男人表示可能有人会撞到作者，所以在这里不安全。故选C。32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：戈弗雷在我的车后面贴了一个警告牌。A.sign指示牌；B.letter字母；C.topic主题；D.light光。根据上文“Godfreyplacedawarning”以及常识可知，在路上发生车祸时，应该在车的后面放置警告牌。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把我们带到他的卡车上，设法把我的车拉上他的卡车，把我们送到安全的地方。A.hoped希望；B.managed设法做；C.pretended假装；D.refused拒绝。根据下文“topullmycarontohistruck,anddroveustosafety.”可知，他设法将作者的车拉上卡车，并将作者送到了安全的地方。故选B。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激，说他很善良，世界需要更多像他这样的人。A.careful小心的；B.strange奇怪的；C.grateful感激的；D.awkward尴尬的。根据下文“hewassokind,andtheworldneeds morepeoplelikehim.”以及语境可知，此处表示作者感到非常感激。故选C。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：知道我们没事，戈弗雷像他出现一样快速地开车离开了！A.quickly快地；B.soon不久；C.well好地；D.anxious焦急的。根据上文“Whenwewerewaiting,Isawthetruck___10___behindusandamanranupquickly.”可知，男子出现时跑得很迅速，此处表示像出现一样迅速地开车离开了。故选A。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。XuZhuoyuan,a16-year-oldgirlfromChangsha,HunanProvince,madehistorybybecomingthe____36____(young)Chinesefemaletoconquer(征服)Qomolangmafromthesouthernslope.Thehighschoolstudentstartedherexplorationtothehighestpeakintheworldinmid-April.Afterastruggling10-hourclimb,she____37____(successful)reachedthesummit(最高点)ofQomolangma.Xuisnot____38____strangertomountainclimbing.Herfather,thefirstpersonfromHunanProvince____39____(reach)thesummitofQomolangma,greatlyinfluencedher.She____40____(be)onadventuroustripswithhimsinceshewasachild.Bytheageof16,shehadalreadyclimbedfivehighhillsover5,000metersinChina.EvenifXuhadrichclimbingexperience,Xustillpreparedforthischallengeseriouslyandlookedforward____41____it.She____42____(take)strictandprofessionaltrainingtoconquerQomolangma.SheoncesaidonTV,“IwillclimbQomolangma.”Andshehasnowfulfilledherpromise.Xutalksabouttheimportanceof____43____(respect)natureandvalueseverysteptoward:thesummit.Shetookherfather’sgloves____44____werewornduringhissuccessfulsummitadventure,asawitness(见证人)toherdreamcomingtrue.Afteruniversity,sheplanstocontinueclimbingandconqueringanotherseven_____45_____(mountain)andtheNorthandSouthPoles.【答案】36.youngest37.successfully38.a39.toreach40.hasbeen41.to42.took43.respecting44.which##that45.mountains【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道的是16岁女孩徐卓媛成功登顶珠峰，成为从南坡征服珠穆朗玛峰的最年轻的中国女性的事迹。【36题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：来自湖南省长沙市的16岁女孩徐卓媛创造了历史，成为从南坡征服珠穆朗玛峰的最年轻的中国女性。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰名词female，空前有定冠词the，并且根据上文madehistory，所以此处使用形容词的最高级形式。故填youngest。【37题详解】考查副词。句意：经过10个小时的艰苦攀登，她成功地登上了珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语，修饰动词reached，successful的副词形式为successfully意为“成功地”符合句意。故填successfully。【38题详解】考查冠词。句意：徐对登山并不陌生。分析句子结构可知，stranger为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意可知，此处表是泛指，所以应使用不定冠词，stranger的首个音素为辅音，所以此处使用不定冠词a。故填a。【39题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：她的父亲是湖南第一个登上珠穆朗玛峰的人，对她影响很大。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词person，因名词前有序数词thefirst修饰，所以此处使用动词不定式形式。故填toreach。【40题详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：她从小就和他一起冒险旅行。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语sinceshewasachild可知，此处应使用现在完成时，be动词与句子主语She之间为主动关系，且主语为第三人称单数。故填hasbeen。【41题详解】考查介词。句意：尽管有丰富的攀岩经验，但他还是认真地为这次挑战做好了准备，并对此充满了期待。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定短语lookforwardto意为“期待”符合句意。故填to。【42题详解】考查动词时态。句意：为了征服珠穆朗玛峰，她接受了严格的专业训练。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据上下文语境可知，此处讲述的是她在征服珠穆朗玛峰前所接受的训练，讲述的是过去的事情，结合上文中的谓语动词prepared和looked可知，此处应使用一般过去时，且take与句子主语之间为主动关系。故填took。【43题详解】 考查动名词。句意：徐谈到了尊重自然的重要性，并重视攀登峰顶的每一步。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作宾语，介词of后应为动名词形式作宾语，结合句意，此处表示主动意义。故填respecting。【44题详解】考查定语从句。句意：她带着父亲成功登顶时戴过的手套，作为她梦想成真的见证。分析句子结构可知，此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以此处使用关系代词，先行词gloves指的是物，所以此处使用关系代词which或者that。故填which/that。【45题详解】考查名词复数。句意：大学毕业后，她计划继续攀登并征服另外七座山和南北两极。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作conquering的宾语，空前有seven修饰，所以此处使用名词复数形式。故填mountains。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，请你给正在生病的交换生Tom写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.表示安慰；2.建议锻炼身体；3.你的理由。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearTom,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearTom,Iamsorrytohearthatyouhavebeenillfordays.Asanexchangestudent,youhavebeensoabsorbedinstudy.Itisreallyharmfultoyourhealth.Ifeelitmorebeneficialtoyourhealthifyoucouldtakemoreexerciseinthefuture.Infact,exercisecancontributetoyourhealthandrefreshyourmind.Onlywhenyouhaveastrongbodycan youkeeponstudying.Otherwise,yourstudywillbeinterruptedfromtimetotimebysickness.SoIputforwardasuggestionthatyoushouldtakeatleastonehour’sexerciseeverydayfromnowon.Bestwishes.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给正在生病的交换生Tom写一封电子邮件，内容包括对他表示安慰，建议他锻炼身体，给出相应的理由。【详解】1.词汇积累生病的：ill→sick事实上：infact→asamatteroffact中断：interrupt→breakoff提出：putforward→comeupwith2.句式拓展合并句子原句：Asanexchangestudent,youhavebeensoabsorbedinstudy.Itisreallyharmfultoyourhealth.拓展句：Asanexchangestudent,youhavebeensoabsorbedinstudy,whichisreallyharmfultoyourhealth.【点睛】【高分句型1】Onlywhenyouhaveastrongbodycanyoukeeponstudying.（运用了“only+状语”的部分倒装结构）【高分句型2】SoIputforwardasuggestionthatyoushouldtakeatleastonehour’sexerciseeverydayfromnowon.（运用了that引导的同位语从句）第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Dogscandosomuchforus,whetherthey’reservicedogsthatcanhelpwithmentalhealthproblemsorsearchandrescuedogssavinglivesduringanaturaldisaster.However,sometimesdogsaretheoneswhoneedahelpinghandfromus.Thisyear,IvisitedAncoatsCanal(运河)inManchesterwithmytwofriends,JackandBen.wherewecouldfilmlotsofbeautifulscenes.Attheendofthevisit,wemanagedtoseekoutaplacetohavearest.Suddenly,wesawamanlyingandstrugglingwithaleash(狗链)overawall.Whenwegotcloser.werealizedthemanwasintrouble.Atthattime,Ijusttookmycameratofilmsomebeautifulscenes.Themanheldtightlytotheleashtotrytokeephisdogfrombeingdraggedaway.Thedogfellintothecanal. strugglingtocatchtheleash.Obviously,themanwaspanicking(惊慌).Withthecameraputtingonthewall,wequicklyjumpedintohelp.Wecouldn’tletthatdogdownandnothelp.Iclimbeddownthecanalfirst.However,thewallofthecanalwastoohigh,soIwasnotenoughtogetthedog.Wenoticedthemaninpainandthedogdesperatelymovedhisbacklegsinsearchoftheground.Finally,myfriend,Jack,wasseizedbyasuddeninspiration.“Iamthetallestofus.Iamdangled(悬挂)upsidedownbythelegsandyoucandragmylegssoIcouldreachthedog,”Jacksaidexcitedly.“Thatisagoodidea,”themansaidhappily.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Wecarriedoutourplanimmediately.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thevideoofthemovingrescuewaspostedonlineafterwecamebackhome.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】范文：Wecarriedoutourplanimmediately.Jackwasdangledupsidedownbythelegsandwedraggedhislegssothathecouldlowerintothecanalandthengetholdofthedog’scollarwithhisrighthand,andplacedhislefthandunderthedog’sfrontlegsforsupport.Jackwasthenpulledupbyus,andthedogwassafeandsound.Thecrowdwhohadgatheredaroundclappedandcheeredforus.Afterwards,boththedogandtheownerweresohappythattheyranaroundthecanalincelebration.Atthesametime,Irealizedmycamerahadfilmedthewholeevent.Allofusfelt excited.Thevideoofthemovingrescuewaspostedonlineafterwecamebackhome.Wefoundithadraisedmuchattentionandmanypeoplewatcheditandleftcomments.Ithasearnedover75,000likes,withdozenspraisingtheeffortsofuswhoputourselvesindangertosavethedog,whichmadeussurprisedanddelighted.Itwasapreciousexperienceandleftuswithwonderfulmemories.Weonlydidwhatanyoneelsewoulddo.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和朋友去河边玩耍时，遇到了一个人的狗掉进了河里。那人紧紧抓住皮带，以免他的狗被拖走。狗掉进了运河里。挣扎着抓住皮带。于是作者和朋友想办法把狗救了上来，他们救狗的视频被发布到了网上，引起了很多关注，很多人称赞他们不顾危险救狗的努力，这让他们又惊又喜。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“我们立即执行了我们的计划”可知，第一段可描写作者和朋友具体救狗的经过。②由第二段首句内容“我们回家后，移动救援的视频就被传到了网上”可知，第二段可描写他们救狗的视频被发布到了网上，引起了很多关注，得到了很多人称赞。2.续写线索：执行计划——救起狗——得到狗主人感谢——视频被发布到网上——得到称赞——作者感悟3.词汇激活行为类放置：place/put挽救：save/rescue意识到：realize/cometorealize情绪类激动：excited/thrilled惊讶：surprised/astonished【点睛】[高分句型1]Afterwards,boththedogandtheownerweresohappythattheyranaroundthecanalincelebration.(运用了结果状语从句)[高分句型2]Ithasearnedover75,000likes,withdozenspraisingtheeffortsofuswhoputourselvesindangertosavethedog,whichmadeussurprisedanddelighted.(运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)听力：1～5CBBAC6～10CACBB11～15ACACB16～20ACABA