山西大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期11月期中试题（Word版附解析）

山西大学附中2022～2023学年第一学期高二年级期中考试英语试题第Ⅰ卷(选择题，共100分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分60分)第一节(共15小题，每题3分，满分45分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheyaretheworld’sfittestpeople.ButevenOlympicathleteshavehadtheirshareofdifficult,heart-breakingorembarrassingmoments.1904Olympics,StLouis,USAAmericanFredLorzcrossedthefinishlineoftheOlympicmarathonwithatimeof3hoursand13minutes.Hehadbeatenthesecondrunnerby15minutes.Lorzlookedhappyandfresh,andsmiledforthephotographers.Justbeforetheygavehimthegoldmedal,theraceofficialsarrivedandtookawaythemedal,andLorzwasbannedfromracesforayear.Thenanofficialtoldthetruth.Hehadtravelledbycarfor11milesofthemarathon!1908Olympics,London,EnglandTheItalianDorandoPietriwasoneoftheunluckiestmarathonrunners.Whenhearrivedinthestadium,hewasverytired.Thepeoplewerecheering,butPietricouldn’tcontinue.Hefelldownandgotupagainfourtimes.Finally,aroundsevenmetresfromthefinishline,hefelldownagainanddidn’tmove.Worriedofficialsranoverandpickedhimup.Hecrossedthefinishlineandwonthegoldmedal.ButafewhourslatertheOlympicofficialshadtotakeitawayfromhimagain.Theysaidhecouldn’tbethewinnerbecauseOlympicofficialshadhelpedhimcrosstheline.2000Olympics,Sydney,AustraliaEricMoussambaniofEquatorialGuineabecameoneofthemostlovedathletesofthe2000games.Hisracewasthe100-metrefreestyleswim.Hejumpedintothepoolandstartedswimming.Afterthefirst50metreshewasverytired.Hewentmoreandmoreslowlyandalmoststoppedinthemiddleofthepool.Theofficialsworriedthathewasdrowning.ButMoussambanicontinuedandfinishedtheracewithatimeof1minuteand52seconds,theslowestinthehistoryoftheOlympics.Still,Moussambaniwashappy.Hehadneverswuminapoolofthatsizebefore.1.Lorz’sgoldmedalwastakenawayatthe1904Olympicsbecause______.AhebroketherulesB.officialsmadeamistake,C.officialspickedhimuphalfwayD.hebeatthesecondrunnerbadly2.WhathappenedtoPietriatthe1908Olympics?A.Hebrokeaworldrecord.B.B.Hefinallywonthegoldmedal.C.Hefelldownafterfinishingtherace.D.Hereceivedhelpashecrossedthefinishline.3.HowdidpeoplelookatMoussambani?A.Theyfeltsorryforhim.B.Theyadmiredhimgreatly.C.Theyshowednointerestinhim.D.Theyhadmixedfeelingsabouthim.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了几位奥运运动员困难、心碎或尴尬的时刻。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据1904Olympics,StLouis,USA中的“Justbeforetheygavehimthegoldmedal,theraceofficialsarrivedandtookawaythemedal,andLorzwasbannedfromracesforayear.Thenanofficialtoldthetruth.Hehadtravelledbycarfor11milesofthemarathon!(就在他们给他金牌之前，比赛官员来了，拿走了奖牌，洛尔兹被禁止参加比赛一年。然后一位官员说出了真相。他开车跑了11英里的马拉松!)”可知Lorz的金牌被剥夺是因为他违反了规定，故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据1908Olympics,London,England中“Hecrossedthefinishlineandwonthegoldmedal.ButafewhourslatertheOlympicofficialshadtotakeitawayfromhimagain.Theysaidhecouldn’tbethewinnerbecauseOlympicofficialshadhelpedhimcrosstheline.(他冲过终点线，赢得了金牌。但几个小时后，奥运会官员不得不再次把它拿走。他们说他不可能获胜，因为奥林匹克官员帮助他越过了终点线。)”可知Pietri在1908年奥运会冲过终点线时得到了帮助，故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据2000Olympics,Sydney,Australia中的“Afterthefirst50metreshewasverytired.Hewentmoreandmoreslowlyandalmoststoppedinthemiddleofthepool.Theofficialsworriedthathewasdrowning.ButMoussambanicontinuedandfinishedtheracewithatimeof1minuteand52seconds,theslowestinthehistoryoftheOlympics.(跑完前50米后，他很累。他走得越来越慢，几乎停在了水潭中央。官员们担心他要淹死了。但穆萨巴尼坚持了下来，并以1分52秒的成绩完成了比赛，这是奥运会历史上最慢的成绩。)”可知Moussambani坚持完成了比赛，故推测人们非常钦佩他，故选B。,BBeinghighlysuccessfulinanyfieldisprettyrare.Ittakesacombinationofnaturaltalent,luck,determination,andplentyofoutsidesupportforsomeonetomakeitbiginsports,entertainment,orbusiness.Butwhatifcompetingisallthatmatterstoyou,whetheryouarelikelytosucceedornot?ThiswasthegoalofMichaelEdwards,betterknownasEddie“TheEagle”Edwards,andhisreachingthatgoalwasanamazingachievement.BornintheU.K.in1963,EdwardswasapassionatedownhillskierwhosedreamwastocompeteforBritaininworld-classcompetitions.Hewouldhavelikedtorepresenthiscountryinthe1984WinterOlympics,buttherewerealargenumberofdownhillcompetitors,andEdwardsdidn’tqualify.Seeinghischanceelsewhere,heswitchedtoskijumping.Skijumpingdidn’tcostasmuchasdownhillskiing,andtherewasalmostnocompetitionforaplaceontheBritishteam.ButanumberofhurdlescouldhavemeanttheendofEdwards’dream.Heweighedmorethanmostcompetitors.Hehadnofinancialsupportforhistraining.Pooreyesightmeantthathehadtowearglassesunderhisgoggles(护目镜)—notagoodthingwhentheysteamedupathighaltitudes.Buthecouldn’tletanyofthesediscouragehim.Hesawhimselfasatrueloverofthesportwhosimplywantedthechancetocompete.Winningwasn’tthepoint.Havingtheopportunitytotrywasallhecaredabout.Andnothingcouldstophimfromtrying.Intheend,Edwardstook55thplaceatthe1987WorldChampionships.HethenwentontotheCalgaryOlympicsin1988,wherehefinishedlastinbothofhisevents.Manyathleteswouldhavebeenembarrassedbythisresult,butheisproudofhisachievementstothisday.Hisdeterminationtofightagainstalltheoddsmadehimaglobalhero,andin2016,theinspiringfilmEddietheEaglewasmadeabouthislife.4.WhydidMichaelEdwardschooseskijumping?A.Theequipmentwascheaper.B.Therewaslittlecompetition.C.Ittookfewerskills.D.Itwaseasytowinthechampionship.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hurdles”meaninparagraph3?A.Doubts.B.Changes.C.Options.D.Obstacles.6.WhatmadeMichaelEdwardsoutstanding?A.Hisdeterminationtowin.B.HisattitudetowardstheOlympics.C.Hispassionforthesport.D.Hisabilitytoovercomephysicaldisabilities.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?,A.MichaelEdwards:AHouseholdAthleteB.CompetitionIsAllThatMatterstoMichaelEdwardsC.MichaelEdwards:TookEveryChancetoLearnD.NothingCanStopMichaelEdwardsSeekingSuccess【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是英国速降滑雪运动员爱德华兹的运动生涯和成就。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Skijumpingdidn’tcostasmuchasdownhillskiing,andtherewasalmostnocompetitionforaplaceontheBritishteam”（跳台滑雪不像速降滑雪那么贵，而且在英国队占据一席之地几乎没什么竞争）可知，迈克尔·爱德华兹选择跳台滑雪是因为竞争很少，故选B。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据下文的“Heweighedmorethanmostcompetitors.Hehadnofinancialsupportforhistraining.Pooreyesightmeantthathehadtowearglassesunderhisgoggles(护目镜)—notagoodthingwhentheysteamedupathighaltitudes”（他比大多数竞争者都重。他没有资金支持他的训练。由于视力不好，他不得不在护目镜下面戴上眼镜——在高海拔地区冒蒸汽时，这可不是一件好事）可知，他遇到了很多的障碍，因此hurdles意为“障碍”，即Obstacles，故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Hesawhimselfasatrueloverofthesportwhosimplywantedthechancetocompete.Winningwasn’tthepoint.Havingtheopportunitytotrywasallhecaredabout.Andnothingcouldstophimfromtrying”（他认为自己是一名真正的体育爱好者，只是想有机会参加比赛。赢不是重点。他所关心的就是有机会去尝试。没有什么能阻止他去尝试）可知，迈克尔·爱德华兹对这项运动的热情使他出类拔萃，故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述英国速降滑雪运动员爱德华兹的运动生涯和成就，根据倒数第二段的“Hesawhimselfasatrueloverofthesportwhosimplywantedthechancetocompete.Winningwasn’tthepoint.Havingtheopportunitytotrywasallhecaredabout.Andnothingcouldstophimfromtrying”（他认为自己是一名真正的体育爱好者，只是想有机会参加比赛。赢不是重点。他所关心的就是有机会去尝试。没有什么能阻止他去尝试）可知，本文最好的题目是B选项CompetitionIsAllThatMatterstoMichaelEdwards“对迈克尔·爱德华兹来说，竞争是最重要的”，故选B。C,Whenstudentsandparentsareaskedtoratesubjectsaccordingtotheirimportance,theartsareunavoidablyatthebottomofthelist.Musicisnice,peopleseemtosay,butnotimportant.Toooftenitisviewedasmainentertainment,butcertainlynotaneducationpriority(优先).Thisviewisshortsighted.Infact,musiceducationisbeneficialandimportantforallstudents.Musictellsuswhoweare.Becausemusicisanexpressionofthebeingswhocreateit,itreflectstheirthinkingandvalues,aswellasthesocialenvironmentitcamefrom.RockmusicrepresentsalifestylejustassurelyasaSchubertsong.ThejazzinfluencethatGeorgeGershwinandothermusiciansintroducedintotheirmusicisobviouslyAmericanbecauseitcamefromAmericanmusicaltraditions.Musicexpressesourcharacterandvalues.Itgivesusidentityasasociety.Musicprovidesakindofperception(感知)thatcannotbeacquiredanyotherway.Sciencecanexplainhowthesunrisesandsets.Theartsexploretheemotionalmeaningofthesamephenomenon.Weneedeverypossiblewaytodiscoverandrespondtoourworldforonesimplebutpowerfulreason:Noonewaycangetitall.Theartsareformsofthoughtaspowerfulinwhattheycommunicateasmathematicalandscientificsymbols.Theyarewayswehumanbeings“talk”toeachother.Theyarethelanguageofcivilizationthroughwhichweexpressourfears,ourcuriosities,ourhungers,ourdiscoveries,andourhopes.Theartsarewayswegiveformtoourideasandimaginationsothattheycanbesharedwithothers.Whenwedonotgivechildrenaccesstoanimportantwayofexpressingthemselvessuchasmusic,wetakeawayfromthemthemeaningsthatmusicexpresses.Scienceandtechnologydonottelluswhatitmeanstobehuman.Theartsdo.Musicisanimportantwayweexpresshumansuffering,celebration,themeaningandvalueofpeaceandlove.Somusiceducationisfarmorenecessarythanpeopleseemtorealize.8.AccordingtoParagraph1,students______.A.regardmusicasawayofentertainmentB.disagreewiththeirparentsoneducationC.viewmusicasanoverlookedsubjectD.prefertheartstoscience9.InParagraph2,theauthorusedjazzasanexampleto______.A.compareitwithrockmusicB.showmusicreflectsasocietyC.introduceAmericanmusicaltraditionD.provemusicinfluencespeople’slifestyles,10.Accordingtothepassage,theartsandscience______.A.approachtheworldfromdifferentanglesB.exploredifferentphenomenaoftheworldC.expresspeople’sfeelingindifferentwaysD.explainwhatitmeanstobehumandifferently11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Musiceducationismorenecessary.B.Musicshouldbeoftopeducationpriority.C.Musicisaneffectivecommunicationtool.D.Musiceducationmakesstudentsmoreimaginative.【答案】8.A9.B10.A11.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。作者论述了艺术教育，尤其是音乐教育的重要性，作者认为艺术尤其是音乐是人类表达情感的重要方式，人们应该对音乐加强认识。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Musicisnice,peopleseemtosay,butnotimportant.Toooftenitisviewedasmainentertainment,butcertainlynotaneducationpriority(优先).(人们似乎会说，音乐是美好的，但并不重要。它常常被视为主要的娱乐项目，但肯定不是教育的首要任务)”可知，学生们把音乐当作一种娱乐方式。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ThejazzinfluencethatGeorgeGershwinandothermusiciansintroducedintotheirmusicisobviouslyAmericanbecauseitcamefromAmericanmusicaltraditions.Musicexpressesourcharacterandvalues.Itgivesusidentityasasociety.(乔治·格什温和其他音乐家引入到他们音乐中的爵士乐显然是美国的，因为它来自美国的音乐传统。音乐表达了我们的性格和价值观。它给了我们作为社会的身份)”可知，在第二段中，作者以爵士乐为例来说明音乐能够反映一个社会。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Sciencecanexplainhowthesunrisesandsets.Theartsexploretheemotionalmeaningofthesamephenomenon.Weneedeverypossiblewaytodiscoverandrespondtoourworldforonesimplebutpowerfulreason:Noonewaycangetitall.(科学可以解释太阳是如何升起和落下的。艺术探索同一现象的情感意义。我们需要各种可能的方式去发现和回应我们的世界，因为一个简单但强大的理由:没有一种方式可以得到一切)”可知，根据这篇文章，艺术和科学从不同的角度看待世界。故选A。,【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“Infact,musiceducationisbeneficialandimportantforallstudents.(事实上，音乐教育对所有学生都是有益的和重要的)”及最后一段“Musicisanimportantwayweexpresshumansuffering,celebration,themeaningandvalueofpeaceandlove.Somusiceducationisfarmorenecessarythanpeopleseemtorealize.(音乐是我们表达人类痛苦、庆祝、和平与爱的意义和价值的重要方式。所以音乐教育比人们似乎意识到的要多得多)”可知，本文阐述了音乐的内涵、音乐的功能和音乐的重要性，所以音乐课是需要我们特别重视的，是必要的。选A。DLearningissocomplexthattherearemanydifferentpsychologicaltheoriestoexplainhowpeoplelearn.ApsychologistnamedAlbertBandurasuggestedasociallearningtheorywhichshowsthatobservation,imitation,andmodelingplayaprimaryroleinthisprocess.InAlbertBandura’sopinion,peoplecanlearnthroughobservation.Observationallearningdoesn’tevennecessarilyrequirewatchinganotherpersonjoininanactivity.Wecanalsolearnbyreading,hearing,orwatchingtheactionsofcharactersinbooksandfilms.However,justobservingsomeoneelse’sactionsisn’talwaysenoughforlearning.Yourownmentalstatealsoplaysanimportantroleindeterminingwhetherabehaviorislearnedornot.Inaddition,thoughinmanycases,learningcanbeseenimmediatelywhenthenewbehaviorisdisplayed,yetsometimeswecanlearnthingseventhoughthatlearningmightnotbeimmediatelyobvious,whichmeanspeoplecanlearnnewinformationwithoutshowingnewbehaviors.Notatobservedbehaviorsareeffectivelylearned.Certainrequirementsneedtoberelatedtotheobservationallearningprocess.Forexample,youneedtobepayingattention.Alsoyourmemoryisanimportantpartofobservationallearningasyouneedtopullupinformationlaterandactonitduringtheprocess.Onceyou’vepaidattentiontothemodelandkepttheinformation,it’stimetoactuallyperformthebehavioryouobserved.Furtherpracticeofthelearnedbehaviorleadstoimprovement.Finally,youhavetobemotivatedtoimitatethebehaviorthathasbeenmodeled.Sociallearningtheoryhavemanyreal-worldapplications.Forexample,researchersemployittolookintoandunderstandwaysthatpositiverolemodelscanbeusedtoencouragedesirablebehaviors.Besides,it’salsoappliedinthefieldofeducation,andtoday,bothteachersandparentsrecognizehowimportantitistomodelappropriatebehaviors.12.Whatcanweinferaboutobservationallearningfromparagraph2?A.Itseffectsonapersontendtobeveryobvious.B.Itseffectivenessisdeterminedbythementalstale.,C.Itdoesn’tnecessarilyleadtoachangeinbehavior.D.Itsmostusefulmeansmightbewatchingandlearning.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph3referto?A.Model.B.Information.C.Memory.D.Observationallearning.14.WhatmightNOTberequiredwhenperformingobservationallearning?A.Tryingtobefocused.B.Tryingtobeimaginative.C.Lookingforamotivator.D.Editingandstoringinformation.15.Whatcanwelearnaboutthesociallearningtheoryaccordingtothetext?A.Itisofpracticaluse.B.Itremainstobeimproved.C.Itwaseffectiveatfirst.D.Itiseasilyandwidelyapplied.【答案】12.C13.B14.B15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，学习是如此复杂，以至于有许多不同的心理学理论来解释人们如何学习。本文介绍了心理学家AlbertBandura提出的社会学习理论。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“However,justobservingsomeoneelse’sactionsisn’talwaysenoughforlearning.Yourownmentalstatealsoplaysanimportantroleindeterminingwhetherabehaviorislearnedornot.(然而，仅仅观察别人的行为并不总是足以导致学习。你自己的心理状态在决定一种行为是否被学习方面也起着重要作用)”可以推测出，观察学习并不一定会导致行为的改变。故选C。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词所在句句意“asyouneedtopullupinformationlaterandactonitduringtheprocess(因为你需要稍后提取信息并在过程中据此采取行动)”可推测出，it指代前面的information。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Forexample,youneedtobepayingattention.(例如，你需要集中注意力)”、“Onceyou’vepaidattentiontothemodelandkepttheinformation,it’stimetoactuallyperformthebehavioryouobserved.(一旦您注意到模型并保存了信息，就该实际执行您观察到的行为了)”以及“Finally,youhavetobemotivatedtoimitatethebehaviorthathasbeenmodeled.(最后，你必须有动力去模仿被模仿的行为)”可知，在进行观察学习时，需要集中注意力，编辑并储存信息以及寻找一个动机，B项“试着富有想象力”未提及，故选B。【15题详解】,细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Sociallearningtheorycanhavemanyreal-worldapplications.(社会学习理论可以在现实世界里有许多应用)”可知，社会学习理论具有实际用途。故选A。第二节七选五(共5小题,每小题3分，满分15分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheiPodGenerationTodayitiscommontoseepeoplewhowalkaboutwithcoloredwireshangingfromtheirearswherevertheygo.Theymoveaboutintheirpersonalbubbles,sometimesunawareofwhat’shappeningaroundthem.___16___.Outsidelifeisshutout.Soareyouoneof“them”?Forme,walkingaroundinmyownpersonalbubbleisperfect.___17___.What’sevenbetter,wearingearphonesseemstogiveasignaltopeoplewhichsays,“I’mnotavailableforchattingatthemoment!”Supposeyou’reatworkandabouttomakeanincrediblebreakthrough,butacolleaguesuddenlyturnsup.Hissuddenappearancewouldbreakyourconcentrationandcausemistakes.___18___.Onceagain,thosewireshangingfromyourearswouldbesuretogivethat“Goaway!”signal.___19___.It’sprobablypartofthegrowingupstagewhentheyjustwanttoignoretheirwholefamily.Whiletheirmothersgivethemlecturesaboutwhytheyshoulddotheirhomework,theycanjustturnupthevolumeontheirMP3player,smile,andsay“Yes,Mum.”Problemsolved.Prettysoon,notonlywillwehaveprettycoloredwireshangingfromourears,butalsoourbrainswillbedirectlypluggedintosomenewhigh-techinstruments.We’llbeinavirtualworld,communicatingwitheveryoneelse,orchoosingnotto,aswelike.___20___.Andtheyarechangingoursocialhabitsalongtheway.Intheend,thereisathinlinebetweenusingtechnologyasatoolformakinglifebetterandbeingaslavetoit!It’ssostrange—suddenly,Idon’tfeellikewearingmyearphonesanymore.A.Ourinstrumentsarechangingquickly.B.Idon’thavetodealwiththenoisefromtheenvironment.C.Inthehomesituationteenagerslovethesewires.D.Ialsohavewireshangingfrommyears.E.Afterall,Iamlisteningtomyfavouritemusicandwouldrathernotbedisturbed.F.Listeningtomusicthroughearphonesistheperfectwaytoignoresuchinterruptions(中断).G.Theywalkaroundintheirownspaces,withtheirpersonal“digitalnoisereductionsystems”.【答案】16.G17.B18.F19.C20.A,【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。当今随处可见带着耳机的青少年们，他们沉浸在自己的世界里，与外界隔绝。戴耳机有很多好处，可以省去很多打扰和麻烦。科技改变了人们的生活习惯，本来是为了使生活更美好，但人们似乎在逐渐成为它们的奴隶。【16题详解】根据上文“Theymoveaboutintheirpersonalbubbles,sometimesunawareofwhat’shappeningaroundthem.(他们在自己的私人空间里活动，有时对周围发生的事情一无所知)”以及后一句“Outsidelifeisshutout.(外面的生活被拒之门外)”可知，人们塞着耳机，沉浸在自己的世界里，有时甚至意识不到外界发生的事情，由此可知，空处承上启下，指出人们带着耳机，封闭在自己的空间里，故G选项“Theywalkaroundintheirownspaces,withtheirpersonal“digitalnoisereductionsystems”.(他们在自己的空间里走来走去，带着自己的‘数字降噪系统’)”符合语境，故选G。【17题详解】根据后文“What’sevenbetter,wearingearphonesseemstogiveasignaltopeoplewhichsays,“I’mnotavailableforchattingatthemoment!”(更妙的是，戴耳机似乎会给人一个信号：“我现在没空聊天！”)”可知，作者认为在自己的世界中生活是很不错的，戴着耳机对于别人来说是一个信号，告诉他们现在自己不想讲话。What'sevenbetter表明空格处与后一句为并列关系，都说明带耳机的好处。故B选项“Idon’thavetodealwiththenoisefromtheenvironment.(我不需要处理来自环境的噪音)”符合语境，故选B。【18题详解】根据前文“Atthisprecisemoment,theslightestdisturbancewouldbreakyourconcentration.(就在此时此刻，一点小小的干扰都会使你注意力不集中)”以及后一句“Onceagain,thosewireshangingfromyourearswouldbesuretogivethat“Goaway!”signal.(你耳朵上的耳机会给周围的人会给出“走开，请勿打扰”的暗示)”可知，空格处与后一句为并列关系，说明耳机在不被人所打扰方面所起的作用。故F选项“Listeningtomusicthroughearphonesistheperfectwaytoignoresuchinterruptions(中断).(通过耳机听音乐是忽视这种干扰的最佳方式)”符合语境，故选F。【19题详解】根据后一句“It’sprobablypartofthegrowingupstagewhentheyjustwanttoignoretheirwholefamily.(这可能是成长阶段的一部分，他们只想忽略整个家庭)”可知，这可能是成长阶段的一部分，当他们只想忽略他们的整个家庭。所以这一段主要讲青少年在家里戴耳机的原因。故C选项“Inthehomesituation,teenagerslovethesewires.(青少年喜欢在家里使用耳机)”符合语境，故选C。【20题详解】根据后一句“Andtheyarechangingoursocialhabitsalongtheway.(同时它们也在改变我们的社会习惯)”可,知，and提示空格处与后一句为并列关系，且话题一致。故A选项“Ourinstrumentsarechangingquickly.(我们的设备在快速变化)”符合语境，故选A。第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分65分)第一节完形填空(共20小题，每题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出是和填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。Formostpeople,havingthingsstolenfeelslikeanoffence.RobbiePruittadmittedthathegot____21____whenhediscoveredthetheftofhismountainbikelastSeptember.Butsoonenough,his____22____tookaturn.Afterlettinggoofhisangerandfrustration,hefoundhimselfonaroadtosympathy____23____.ForPruitt,akeenbicyclist,thefirstthingtodowas____24____hisstolenbike.Butwhenhewentbikeshopping,hefoundfewavailable,whichgothimthinking:Whatifthe____25____ofbikeswasCovid-19related,andwhatifthepersonwho'dtakenhisbikereallyneeded____26____togettowork?Withthatthoughtinmind,Pruitt____27____aplanandposteditonthecommunitywebsite.He____28____tofixbikesfreeofchargeforanyonewhoneededit.Healsoaskedforunwantedbikes,whichhewouldrepair-again____29____.Andthenhewoulddonatethemtofolkswhocouldtrulyusethembutdidn'thavethe____30____tobuyone.Thedaythepostwentlive,Pruittreceivedthirty____31____bicycles.Thencamemorethan500____32____fordetailedinformation.Bytheendof2020,Pruitthadrepairedmorethan140fordonationortobe____33____totheirowners.Pruitttriestogivehisdonationstofamiliesthatare____34____struggling.____35____simplysatisfyingamaterialneed,hehasprovidedanopportunityforkidsinhisneighborhoodtolearnhowtofixtheirownbikes.Inadditionto____36____skills,Pruitt'slessonsteachteamwork,encourageself-worth,andpromotefeelingsofcommunity.____37____,thekidshavegainedasenseofaccomplishment."It'sareallygreat____38____forkids,“saidaneighborinaninterviewwiththelocalnewspaper."Pruittiscertainlyprovidinga____39____,butit'snotjustthebikes.It'stherelationshipsinthecommunity.It'sthe____40____thathecanmakeonpeople."21.A.amazedB.madC.curiousD.frightened22.A.emotionsB.careerC.opinionsD.route23.A.everB.togetherC.insteadD.yet24.A.rideB.lockC.repairD.replace25.A.lackB.varietyC.increaseD.quality26.A.instructionB.qualificationC.transportationD.permission,27.A.cameupwithB.stucktoC.gaveupD.brokeawayfrom28.A.rememberedB.refusedC.hesitatedD.offered29.A.byaccidentB.inadvanceC.forfreeD.oncredit30.A.profitB.budgetC.courageD.excuse31.A.sharedB.usedC.expensiveD.modern32.A.enquiriesB.advertisementsC.noticesD.announcements33.A.exportedB.soldC.lentD.returned34.A.hardlyB.slightlyC.trulyD.instantly35.A.WithoutB.BeyondC.UponD.Among36.A.practicalB.commercialC.mathematicalD.social37.A.OtherwiseB.HoweverC.SomehowD.Meanwhile38.A.promiseB.celebrationC.comfortD.experience39.A.competitionB.serviceC.ceremonyD.suggestion40.A.compromiseB.impressionC.impactD.progress【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.A26.C27.A28.D29.C30.B31.B32.A33.D34.C35.B36.A37.D38.D39.B40.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了RobbiePruitt在自己的自行车被偷后，想出了给人免费修车的计划。他把这一计划发布到了网上，主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车。他还想要一些没人要的自行车，他愿意再免费修理一次。然后他会把它们捐给那些真正需要它们但没有预算买的人。他还教授邻居的孩子们免费修车，得到了邻居的赞赏。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：RobbiePruitt承认，去年9月发现他的山地车被盗时，他很生气。A.amazed惊讶的；B.mad生气的；C.curious好奇的；D.frightened害怕的。根据后文“lettinggoofhisanger”可知发现车被偷，RobbiePruitt当时很生气。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但很快，他的情绪发生了变化。A.emotions情绪；B.career事业；C.opinions观点；D.route路线。结合后文“Afterlettinggoofhisangerandfrustration,hefoundhimselfonaroadtosympathy”可知RobbiePruitt从生气沮丧变成了同情，情绪发生了变化。故选A。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在放下愤怒和沮丧之后，他发现自己走上了同情之路。A.ever曾经；B.,together一起；C.instead相反；D.yet然而。结合上文“hefoundhimselfonaroadtosympathy”可知，发现自己的车被偷，RobbiePruitt放下愤怒和沮丧，反而走上了同情他人的道路。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于热衷于骑自行车的Pruitt来说，第一件要做的事就是取代他被偷的自行车。A.ride骑车；B.lock锁上；C.repair修理；D.replace取代。根据后文“hisstolenbike.Butwhenhewentbikeshopping”可知车被偷，Pruitt要买车来取代被偷的自行车。故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当他去买自行车时，发现几乎没有自行车，这让他想到：如果缺少自行车与Covid-19有关，如果骑他自行车的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？A.lack缺乏；B.variety多样；C.increase增加；D.quality质量。根据上文“hefoundfewavailable”可知商店里也缺少自行车。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当他去买自行车时，发现几乎没有自行车，这让他想到：如果缺少自行车与Covid-19有关，如果骑他自行车的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？A.instruction指令；B.qualification资格；C.transportation运输工具；D.permission允许。根据前后文“needed…togettowork”可知，Pruitt猜测偷自己自行车的人是因为确实需要交通工具去上班。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：带着这个想法，Pruitt想出了一个计划，并把它发布在了社区网站上。A.cameupwith提出；B.stuckto坚持；C.gaveup放弃；D.brokeawayfrom突然逃跑。根据后文“aplanandposteditonthecommunitywebsite”指想出了一个计划，comeupwith符合语境。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车。A.remembered记得；B.refused拒绝；C.hesitated犹豫；D.offered提议。结合后文“tofixbikesfreeofchargeforanyonewhoneededit”指Pruitt提议为他人免费修车，offertodosth.“主动提出做某事”。故选D。【29题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：他还想要一些没人要的自行车，他愿意再免费修理一次。A.byaccident偶然；B.inadvance提前；C.forfree免费；D.oncredit赊账。呼应上文“fixbikesfreeofcharge”他的修车都是免费的。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他会把它们捐给那些真正需要它们但没有预算买的人。A.profit利润；B.budget预算；C.courage勇气；D.excuse借口。根据前后文“folkswhocouldtrulyusethembutdidn'thavethe…tobuyone”可知，Pruitt捐车的对象是那些需要车但是预算不够，买不起的人，but表示转折，说明,预算紧张。故选B。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一帖子发布当天，Pruitt收到了30辆二手自行车。A.shared共享的；B.used二手的；C.expensive昂贵的；D.modern现代的。根据上文“Healsoaskedforunwantedbikes”可知，Pruitt也回收不想要的二手车，所以在帖子发布当天收到了30辆二手自行车。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后就来了500多个询问详细信息的询问。A.enquiries询问；B.advertisements广告；C.notices通知；D.announcements公告。根据后文“fordetailedinformation”可知有询问详细信息的询问。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：到2020年底，Pruitt已经修复了140多件自行车，这些自行车要么捐赠，要么返还原主。A.exported出口；B.sold出售；C.lent借给；D.returned返回，返还。结合后文“totheirowners”指修好的车返还给主人，return符合语境。故选D。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Pruitt试图把他的捐赠捐给那些真正生活困难挣扎的家庭。A.hardly几乎不；B.slightly轻微地；C.truly真实地；D.instantly立即。此处呼应上文“folkswhocouldtrulyusethem”指Pruitt的捐赠都是给那些真正生活有困难的家庭的。故选C。【35题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：除了满足物质需求，他为邻居的孩子们提供了一个学习如何修理自行车的机会。A.Without没有；B.Beyond除……之外；超过；C.Upon在……上；D.Among在……中间。结合后文“hehasprovidedanopportunityforkidsinhisneighborhoodtolearnhowtofixtheirownbikes”可知，不仅满足了物质上的需求，还提供了学习如何修理自行车的机会。故选B。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除了实用技能，Pruitt的课程还教授团队合作，鼓励自我价值，促进社区感觉。A.practical实际的；B.commercial商业的；C.mathematical数学的；D.social社会的。根据上文“hehasprovidedanopportunityforkidsinhisneighborhoodtolearnhowtofixtheirownbikes.”可知，Pruitt为邻居的孩子们提供了一个学习如何修理自行车的机会，即教授他们实用技能。故选A。【37题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同时，孩子们也有了一种成就感。A.Otherwise否则；B.However然而；C.Somehow不知怎么；D.Meanwhile同时。根据前后文语境，可知孩子们通过参加Pruitt的课程，学到了实用技能，同时还有了一种成就感，Meanwhile符合语境。故选D。,【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位邻居在接受当地报纸采访时说：“对孩子们来说，这真是一次很棒的经历。”A.promise承诺；B.celebration庆祝；C.comfort安慰；D.experience经历。根据语境，参与Pruitt的课程对孩子们来说，是一次经历。故选D。39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Pruitt当然会提供服务，但不仅仅是自行车。A.competition比赛；B.service服务；C.ceremony典礼；D.suggestion建议。结合上文可知，Pruitt为人们免费修车，还为社区的孩子教授如何修车，所以他提供的是服务。故选B。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：而是他能对人们产生的影响。A.compromise妥协；B.impression印象；C.impact影响；D.progress进步。根据后文“hecanmakeonpeople”可知为短语makeimpacton“对……产生影响”。故选C。第二节单句填空(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。41.Notmanyknowthatalotofhighlysuccessfulwritershavepreviouslyfacedr___________.(拒绝)(根据中英文提示单词拼写)【答案】rejection##ejection##rejections##ejections【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：没有多少人知道，很多非常成功的作家以前都曾遭到过拒绝。设空处为名词作宾语，根据中英文提示可知是rejection，可数名词，这里用单复数都可以，故填rejection/rejections。42.D__________(尽管)rejectionsfromseveralpublishers,J.D.Salingerrefusedtogiveup.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)【答案】Despite##espite【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管遭到几家出版商的拒绝，J.D.Salinger拒绝放弃。分析句子可知空白处填介词，介词短语作状语。根据首字和汉语提示，填介词despite，意为“尽管”作让步状语；首字母大写。故填Despite。43.Hofman’si__________(灵感)forFloatingFishcamefromChinesefolktalespasseddownthroughgenerations.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)【答案】inspiration##nspiration,【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：霍夫曼创作浮鱼的灵感来自于代代相传的中国民间故事。设空处为名词做主语，根据中英文提示，为抽象名词inspiration，故填inspiration。44.ZhuTingalsoidentifiedthisasthespeciali_____________(因素)intheteam’ssuccess.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)【答案】ingredient##ngredient【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：朱婷也认为这是球队成功的特殊因素。设空处为名词作宾语，this表明用单数，根据中英文提示，故填ingredient。45.Ihadneverimaginedthattheatmosphereatasportseventcouldbesoi__________.(激烈的)(根据中英文提示单词拼写)(根据中英文提示单词拼写)【答案】intense##ntense【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：我从没想过体育赛事的气氛会如此激烈。设空处为形容词作表语，根据中英文提示，故填intense。46.Inthisspirit,theLaureusWorldSportsAwardsisaannualceremonytohonorr____________(非凡的)sportspeople.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)【答案】remarkable##emarkable【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：本着这种精神，劳伦斯世界体育奖是一个表彰非凡运动员的年度典礼。设空处为形容词作定语，根据中英文提示，故填remarkable。47.Onlywhendarknesshadagaind___________(降临)uponmeshouldIrealizehowmuchIhadleftunseen.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)【答案】descended##escended【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：只有当黑暗再次降临在我身上时，我才意识到我遗漏了多少东西。根据汉语及首字母提示可知，此处使用动词descend，由hadagain可知，空格处的时态是过去完成时，因此空格处使用过去分词。故填descended。48.Shootingwithgreata__________(准确性)wasanotherthinghelearnt.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)【答案】accuracy##ccuracy,【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：精准射击是他学到的另一件事。根据汉语及首字母提示a可知，此处使用名词accuracy，是不可数名词。故填accuracy。49.Darknesswouldmakehimmorea_____________(感激的)ofsight.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)【答案】appreciative##ppreciative【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：黑暗会使他更加感激光明。设空处为形容词做宾语补足语，根据中英文提示，故填appreciative。50.StephenCurrywasthoughtbymanypeopletobetooshort,toothinandtooweaktofollowinhisfather’sf_____________.(脚步)(根据中英文提示单词拼写)【答案】footsteps##ootsteps【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：很多人都认为斯蒂芬·库里太矮、太瘦、太弱，无法追随他父亲脚步。设空处为名词作宾语，根据中英文可知是footstep，可数名词，这里应用复数形式，故填footsteps。第三节语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)语法填空Formorethan12years,PailinChongchitnanthashostedtheYouTubecookingshowHotThaiKitchen.Chongchitnant’srecipesaimtoofferadeeperunderstandingofthestepsandtheingredientsthatmakeThaicuisinesodistinct.Theyalsohighlightthe___51___(culture)backgroundofeachdish.Chongchitnantweavesstoriesfromherownlifeandchildhoodintoeachvideo.Andthevideosareresonating(共鸣)___52___(wide).Whileherloveforfoodwasalwaysa___53___(drive)force,theroadtoChongchitnant’scurrentpositionhadsomeunexpectedturns.She___54___(grow)upinSouthernThailand,andwhenshewasinhighschool,cableTVbecameavailabletoher.Shestartedtoimaginewhatpursuing___55___careerinfoodcouldlooklike.Cookingshows___56___(host)byJarmieOliverandNigellaLawsonofferedheradreamtobethehostofherowncookingshow.Butasshegot___57___(old),ChongchitnantrealizedthattherewasnoclearpathforhostingaTVshowaboutThaifood,___58___isnotpopularworldwide.Soin2009,asYouTubewasemerging___59___amoreimportantplatform,shedecidedtocreateacookingshowofherownonit.Shegotreallyexcitedaboutthepossibilityofbeingabletodothiswithoutanybody’s___60___(permit).【答案】51.cultural52.widely53.driving,54.grew55.a56.hosted57.older58.which59.as60.permission【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了PailinChongchitnant在YouTube上发布烹饪泰国菜视频的经历。【51题详解】考查形容词。句意：他们还强调了每道菜的文化背景。空格处修饰名词background，应用形容词是cultural，意为“文化的”，作定语。故填cultural。【52题详解】考查副词。句意：这些视频引起了广泛反响。空格处修饰动词resonating，应用副词widely，意为“广泛地”，作状语。故填widely。【53题详解】考查形容词。句意：虽然对食物的热爱一直是她前进的动力，但她走到现在的位置也有一些意想不到的转折。空格处修饰名词force，应用形容词driving，意为“推动的”，drivingforce意为“推动力、驱动力”。故填driving。【54题详解】考查动词时态。句意：她在泰国南部长大，当她上高中的时候，有线电视就可以用了。句子描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，空格处用过去式。故填grew。【55题详解】考查冠词。句意：她开始想象从事食品行业会是什么样子。career是可数名词，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，career是辅音音素开头，不定冠词用a。故填a。【56题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：JamieOliver和NigellaLawson主持的烹饪节目给了她一个梦想，让她成为自己烹饪节目的主持人。句中谓语是offered，空格处用非谓语动词，host与其逻辑主语shows之间是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词表被动，作后置定语。故填hosted。【57题详解】考查比较级。句意：但随着年龄的增长，Chongchitnant意识到主持一个关于泰国美食的电视节目并没有明确的道路，泰国美食在世界范围内并不受欢迎。根据语境可知，句子表示“但随着年龄的增长，Chongchitnant意识到主持一个关于泰国美食的电视节目并没有明确的道路，泰国美食在世界范围内并不受欢迎”，空格处用比较级older，getolder意为“长大”。故填older。,【58题详解】考查定语从句。句意：但随着年龄的增长，Chongchitnant意识到主持一个关于泰国美食的电视节目并没有明确的道路，泰国美食在世界范围内并不受欢迎。分析句子可知，空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词是Thaifood，指物，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。【59题详解】考查介词。句意：所以在2009年，随着YouTube逐渐成为一个更重要的平台，她决定在上面创建一个自己的烹饪节目。由“amoreimportantplatform”可知，句子表示“随着YouTube逐渐成为一个更重要的平台”可知，emergeas意为“成为”，故填as。【60题详解】考查名词。句意：她非常兴奋能够不需要任何人的允许就能做这件事。anybody’s后跟名词，作宾语，根据语境可知，句子表示“她非常兴奋能够不需要任何人的允许就能做这件事”，空格处意为“允许”，名词是permission，是不可数名词。故填permission。第三部分写作(满分25分)61.每个人成长道路上都会面临各种选择。请以“AWiseChoiceIMade”为题，结合个人经历写一篇短文，参加你校举办的英语征文比赛。内容包括：1.个人经历；2.收获与感受。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】Apossibleversion:Nodoubtthateveryonewillbefacedwithvarietiesofchoicesonthewayforward.Speakingofthat,memoriesofseniorhighschoolcrowdedinwhenImadeawisechoicetobereconciledwithmybestfriend.ItwasonenightinSenior2whenthingsgotalittletoughbetweenEmmaandme.Wehadpromisedtogohometogetheraftereveryeveningself-study,butEmmaleftalone,leavingmewaitinglikeafool.Thefollowingday,Emmaranuptome,tryingtoapologize,butIturnedmyhead,pretendingnottoseeher.Itwasmyinnerpridethatdrovemetorejectherapologies.Havinggonethroughseveralinternalstruggles,Icouldn’thelppassingnotestohertoconveyfeelingsofmissingandImadeupmymindtoforgivehereventually.Duetothisexperience,Irealizemoreeffectivecommunicationandmutualunderstandingwilldefinitelycontributetoastrong,closeandeverlastingfriendship.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于记叙文，要求考生以“AWiseChoiceIMade”为题，结合个人经历写一篇短文，参加你校举办的英语征文比赛。内容包括：1.个人经历；2.收获与感受。,【详解】1.词汇积累种类：variety→kind选择：choice→option困难的：tough→difficult最后：eventually→finally2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Havinggonethroughseveralinternalstruggles,Icouldn’thelppassingnotestohertoconveyfeelingsofmissingandImadeupmymindtoforgivehereventually.拓展句：BecauseIhadgonethroughseveralinternalstruggles,Icouldn’thelppassingnotestohertoconveyfeelingsofmissingandImadeupmymindtoforgivehereventually.【点睛】[高分句型1]Nodoubtthateveryonewillbefacedwithvarietiesofchoicesonthewayforward.(运用了that引导的同位语从句)[高分句型2]ItwasonenightinSenior2whenthingsgotalittletoughbetweenEmmaandme.(运用了when引导的定语从句),