贵州省遵义市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末质量监测试题（Word版附解析）

遵义市2022～2023学年度第二学期期末质量监测高二英语（满分：150分，时间：120分钟）注意事项：1.考试开始前，请用黑色签字笔将答题卡上的姓名，班级，考号填写清楚，并在相应位置粘贴条形码。2.客观题答题时，请用2B铅笔答题，若需改动，请用橡皮轻轻擦拭干净后再选涂其它选项；主观题答题时，请用黑色签字笔在答题卡相应的位置答题；在规定区域以外的答题不给分；在试卷上作答无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatdidJanedointheholiday?A.Sherodeahorse.B.Sheswam.C.Shewentcamping.2.WhydidDavidcomehomelate?A.Becausehewenttothelibrary.B.Becauseheworkedafterschool.C.Becauseheenjoyedasoccergame.3.Whatdoesthemanneed?A.Asweater.B.Ajacket.C.Ashirt.4.Whichtrainwillthemantake?A.The11:30pmone.B.The12:45pmone.C.The2:00pmone.5.Whatarethemanandthewomantalkingabout?A.Acinema.B.Afilm.C.Anactor.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatmightthewomanbe?A.AfriendofAndy’s.B.Adoctorinthehospital.C.AnurseattendingAndy.7.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Washthefruit.B.Staywiththeman.C.Leaveforwork.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatwasthelectureabout?A.Seekingjobs.B.Tellingjokes.C.Beingpatient.9.Whatistheman’sdream?A.Toworknearhome.B.Tobeself-employed.C.Totravelwithoutworking.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhatisAmydoingforSally’sbirthday?A.Makingthecake.B.CallingSally’sfriends.C.Bookingapartyroom.11.WhathaveJamesandJaneprepared?A.Adinneratarestaurant.B.Apairofearrings.C.Someballoons.12WhatwillTomdothistime?A.Planthemusic.B.Bringsomejuice.C.Workinthesupermarket.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Colleagues.C.Hostandinterviewee.14.WhatgradewillSallybeinnextyear?A.Grade2.B.Grade3.C.Grade4.15.WhatdoesSallyBrownprobablymajorin?A.Medicalscience.B.Foreignlanguage.C.Education.16.WhatadvicedidSallygiveforstudyingabroad?,A.Havingalotofsubjects.B.Learningalocallanguage.C.Studyingtheeducationsystem.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthemaninchargeof?A.Theparkmanagement.B.Theparkfacilities.C.Themapdesign.18.Wherearethegates?A.Inthenorthandsouth.B.Inthewestandsouth.C.Inthewestandeast.19Whereisthecafe?A.Neartheplayground.B.Neartheparkcenter.C.Neartheoldmuseum.20.Whathavehappenedtothegardens?A.Theyremainthesame.B.Theyhavebecomelakes.C.Theyhavebeenreplanted.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThisyear'sAutumnShowpromisesbothbeautifulgardeningplantdisplaysandoutstandingproduce.Gardeninspirationforbothexpertandoccasionalgardenerwillfeatureinabundance.VisitorstotheshowcanalsoenjoyNewbyHall'sawardwinninggardens,greatgardenshopping,andimpressiveplantartequipmentwithinNewbyHall.Dates:15-17(Friday-Sunday)September2023Location:NewbyHall,Ripon,NorthYorkshireExplorethelocalareaForthosewishingtoexplorethemanyattractionsofNorthYorkshireoveralongerperiod,whynotstaylocaltotheshow?Awiderangeofaccommodationisavailablethroughoutthearea.Harrogate,BoroughbridgeandRiponareallwithineasydrivingdistancetotheevent,offeringhotels,B&B's,andcampsites.,NewbyHallitselfwillbeofferingcampingforvisitorsduringtheshow,locatedintheheartofthisarea.PublicTransportBus:TheeventislocatedclosetothecityofRipon,whichisservicedbytheNo.36bus,runningdirectlybetweenLeeds,HarrogateandRipon.(Pleasenote,No.36doesnotrunonweekends.)TherearealsoregularbusesontheNo.22servicefromYork.(Pleasenote,No.22doesnotrunonSundays.)TherewillalsobeadirectshuttlebusofferingvisitorsdirecttransportationfromHarrogateBusStationtotheshowitself.Train:TheclosesttrainstationtoNewbyHallisinHarrogatewhichhasgoodconnectionswithmanymajornationalnetworkroutes.(Pleasenote,thetraintoNewbyHalldoesnotrunonSundays.)Tofindoutmoreinformationabouttheshowandbook,clickhere.1.Whatcanvisitorsdointhelocalarea?A.Stayinfreehotels.B.Explorevariousattractions.C.Campindistantplaces.D.Entergardeningcompetitions.2.HowcanvisitorsgototheshowfromHarrogateonSunday?A.OnaNo.36bus.B.OnaNo.22bus.C.Onadirectshuttlebus.D.OnatraintoNewbyHall.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook.B.Awebsite.C.Atravelplan.D.Anartmagazine.【答案】1.B2.C3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了今年秋季展览会的内容和活动安排。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Explorethelocalarea部分“ForthosewishingtoexplorethemanyattractionsofNorthYorkshireoveralongerperiod,whynotstaylocaltotheshow?(对于那些希望在更长时间内探索北约克郡众多景点的人来说，为什么不留在当地呢？）”可知，游客在当地可以探索各种景点。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Bus部分“TherewillalsobeadirectshuttlebusofferingvisitorsdirecttransportationfromHarrogateBusStationtotheshowitself.(还将有一辆直达穿梭巴士，为游客提供从哈罗盖特汽车站到展览现,场的直接交通服务。）”可知，周日从哈罗盖特来的游客可以乘坐直达穿梭巴士去看演出。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Tofindoutmoreinformationabouttheshowandbook,clickhere.(欲了解更多有关展览和书籍的信息，请点击这里。)”可推断，这篇短文可能取自一个网站。故选B。BBorninRyazan,Russia,thehometownofRussianpoetSergeiYesenin,AnastasiaPodarevaseemstobedestinedforasimilarcareer.Podareva,28,haslovedpoetrysinceshewasagirl,whenherfatherwouldintroducehertoworksbygreatRussianpoetssuchasAlexanderPushkinand,ofcourse,Yesenin.Growingup,shewrotemanypoemsinbothRussianandEnglish.AftershecametoChinatostudyin2013,theworldofChinesepoetryopenedupbeforeher.ShesoongaveherselfapoeticChinesename,TangXilan,with“tang”referringtotheTangDynasty(618-907),whenChinesepoetryenteredagoldenage,andboth“xi”and“lan”arecharacterstakenfromTheBookofSongs,theearliestcollectionofChinesepoetry.Hernamemeansanorchid(兰花)thatbloomsinthemorning.“OnethingthatstrikesmeinreadingandwritingChinesepoetryisthepowerofthelanguage-it’smelodious(悦耳的)andrhythmic,”saysPodarevainMyChinaSurprise,avideoseriesproducedby21stCentury.Overthepastdecade,Podarevahaswonawardsinmultiplepoetrywritingcompetitions,publishedherownChinesepoetrycollections,andparticipatedinChinesePoetryConference,oneoftheleadingpoetry-themedTVprogramsinChina.Ontopofthat,hermostunforgettablememoryisthatoneofherpoemswasturnedintoasong.Andevenbetter:Shesangitherself.Thepoem,titledIf,waswritteninearlyof2020atthebeginningoftheCOVID-19pandemic.AfterwitnessingChina’sunityasitfacedthepandemic,PodarevafeltasonewiththeChinesepeople.“Iwantedtocreatesomethingpositivetohelpinspireandencouragepeopleintimesofdifficulty,”shesays.“SomepeoplemaypraiseChinainaverystraightforwardway,butIprefertoexpressmyfeelingsaboutthecountrythroughdifferentstylesofpoems.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutPodarevabeforeshecametoChina?A.Shefellinlovewithpoetry.B.ShelearnedfromYesenininperson.C.ShebecameafamouspoetinRussia.D.ShetranslatedRussianpoemsintoEnglish.5.WhydidPodarevanameherself“TangXilan”?A.ItdatesfromtheSongDynasty.B.ItshowcaseshersuccessinChina.,C.ItrelatestotheChinesepoetry.D.Ithasbeautifulrhythmandmelodies.6.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Podareva’spoetryjourneyinChina.B.Podareva’samazingtalentinsinging.C.Podareva’sfightagainstthepandemic.D.Podareva’simpressionofChinesepoetry.7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Peoplehavetroubleingaininginspiration.B.PodarevahasdeeploveforChinesepeople.C.Poetryisthebestformofshowingemotions.D.China’sunitywaschallengedbythepandemic.【答案】4.A5.C6.A7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了俄罗斯诗人AnastasiaPodareva的背景和她对中国诗歌的热爱。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Podareva,28,haslovedpoetrysinceshewasagirl,whenherfatherwouldintroducehertoworksbygreatRussianpoetssuchasAlexanderPushkinand,ofcourse,Yesenin.Growingup,shewrotemanypoemsinbothRussianandEnglish.(28岁的Podareva从小就喜欢诗歌，那时她的父亲会向她介绍伟大的俄罗斯诗人的作品，比如亚历山大·普希金，当然还有叶赛宁。长大后，她用俄语和英语写了许多诗)”可知，在来中国之前，Podareva就爱上了诗歌。故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“ShesoongaveherselfapoeticChinesename,TangXilan,with“tang”referringtotheTangDynasty(618-907),whenChinesepoetryenteredagoldenage,andboth“xi”and“lan”arecharacterstakenfromTheBookofSongs,theearliestcollectionofChinesepoetry.Hernamemeansanorchid(兰花)thatbloomsinthemorning.(她很快就给自己起了一个富有诗意的中文名字，唐熙兰，“唐”指的是唐朝（618-907）当时中国诗歌进入了一个黄金时代，“熙”和”兰”都取自中国最早的诗歌总集《诗经》。她的名字的意思是早上开花的兰花)”可推知，Podareva称自己为“唐熙兰”，因为它与中国诗歌有关。故选C。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第五段“Overthepastdecade,Podarevahaswonawardsinmultiplepoetrywritingcompetitions,publishedherownChinesepoetrycollections,andparticipatedinChinesePoetryConference,oneoftheleadingpoetry-themedTVprogramsinChina.Ontopofthat,hermostunforgettablememoryisthatoneofherpoemswasturnedintoasong.Andevenbetter:Shesangitherself.Thepoem,titledIf,waswritteninearlyof2020atthebeginningoftheCOVID-19pandemic.(在过去的十年里，Podareva在多个诗歌写作比赛中获奖，出版,了自己的中文诗集，并参加了中国诗歌主题电视节目之一的中国诗歌大会。除此之外，她最难忘的记忆是她的一首诗被改编成了一首歌。更棒的是：她自己唱的。这首名为《如果》的诗写于2020年初的新冠肺炎疫情)”可知，第五段主要讲Podareva在中国的诗歌之旅。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“AfterwitnessingChina’sunityasitfacedthepandemic,PodarevafeltasonewiththeChinesepeople.“Iwantedtocreatesomethingpositivetohelpinspireandencouragepeopleintimesofdifficulty,”shesays.“SomepeoplemaypraiseChinainaverystraightforwardway,butIprefertoexpressmyfeelingsaboutthecountrythroughdifferentstylesofpoems.”(在目睹了中国面对疫情时的团结之后，Podareva感到与中国人民是一体的。“我想创造一些积极的东西，在困难的时候帮助激励和鼓励人们，”她说。“有些人可能会以非常直白的方式赞美中国，但我更喜欢通过不同风格的诗歌来表达我对这个国家的感受。”)”可推知，Podareva对中国人民有着深厚的感情。故选B。CEnvironmentalgroupshavelongcriticizedtheprivatejets(喷气式飞机)forbeingalargecontributortoglobalcarbondioxideemissions,andlastweek,environmentalistsmadeheadlinesbyinterruptingaprivatejettradeshowinSwitzerland.Privatejetsoftencovershorterdistancesthancommercialones.Theyaregenerallylessefficient(高效的)andtheiremissionsperpassengeraremuchhigher.AccordingtodatafromEuropeannon-profitTransportandEnvironment,privatejetscanbe5to14timesmorepollutingthancommercialplanes,and50timesmorepollutingthantrains.ResearchmadebyGreenpeaceshowedthatprivatejetsinEuropealoneemitted3.39millionmetrictonsofCO2in2022,nearlyequaltotheemissionsfrom753,000gas-poweredcarsintheUSdrivenforayear.Butexpertssaytheprivateaviation(航空)industrycanstillplayaroleintheglobalfightagainstclimatechange,andsomeintheindustryarelookingatcreativewaystodiminishitsenvironmentalimpact.AsamemberoftheInternationalAirTransportAssociation(IATA),alongwithothermajorcommercialairlines,Dubai-basedprivateaviationcompanyJetexlaunchedthe2050Project:thezerocarbonemissions.“Jetexisalwaysthinkingabouthowtocooperatewitheveryonetodealwithclimatechange,”saidDr.Suzanne,aprofessorofaviationattheUniversityofWaterloo.“Andnowitisworkingonchangingallofitslocationsintofullygreenonesinthefuture.Onceitsucceeds,itwillofferanewapproachtotheenvironmentalprotection.”ThroughapartnershipwithoilcompanyNeste,in2021Jetexstartedofferingsustainableaviationfuels(SAF),madefromrenewablewaste,topassengersatitsHelsinkiAirport.ThatsameyearatitsParisLe-BourgetAirport,itbeganofferingSAFproducedbyFrenchcompanyTotalEnergies,madefromusedcookingoil.AlimitedsupplyofSAFmeansitisn’tavailableateveryairport,butthecompanysaysitwantstomakeSAFafueloptiontoitstravelers,acrossallitslocationsworldwide.8.Whatdoweknowaboutprivatejetsaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Theyenjoygreatpopularity.B.Theychargepassengersmore.C.Theygiveoffmorecarbondioxide.D.Theytravelfartherthancommercialplanes.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diminish”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Expand.B.Present.C.Overlook.D.Reduce.10.WhatisDr.Suzanne’sattitudetothe“2050Project”?A.Indifferent.B.Carefree.C.Tolerant.D.Supportive.11.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.PrivateJets’GreenPath.B.TheBirthofSAF.C.TheFutureofCommercialPlanes.D.Jetex’sCooperationwithOthers.【答案】8.C9.D10.D11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了私人飞机对全球二氧化碳排放的贡献以及环保组织对其的批评。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Environmentalgroupshavelongcriticizedtheprivatejets(喷气式飞机)forbeingalargecontributortoglobalcarbondioxideemissions,andlastweek,environmentalistsmadeheadlinesbyinterruptingaprivatejettradeshowinSwitzerland.(环保组织长期以来一直批评私人飞机是全球二氧化碳排放的主要来源，上周，环保人士因中断瑞士的私人飞机贸易展而成为头条新闻。)”可知，私人飞机释放出更多的二氧化碳。故选C。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第三段划线词前半句“Butexpertssaytheprivateaviation(航空)industrycanstillplayaroleintheglobalfightagainstclimatechange,(但专家表示，私营航空业仍然可以在全球应对气候变化的斗争中发挥作用，)”可知，私营航空业的一些人正在寻找创造性的方法来减少其对环境的影响。diminish的意思是“减少”。A.Expand.扩展；B.Present.赠与；C.Overlook.忽略；D.Reduce.减少。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段““Jetexisalwaysthinkingabouthowtocooperatewitheveryonetodealwithclimatechange,”saidDr.Suzanne,aprofessorofaviationattheUniversityofWaterloo.“Andnowitis,workingonchangingallofitslocationsintofullygreenonesinthefuture.Onceitsucceeds,itwillofferanewapproachtotheenvironmentalprotection.”(“Jetex总是在思考如何与所有人合作应对气候变化，”滑铁卢大学航空学教授苏珊娜博士说。“现在，该公司正致力于在未来将所有的办公场所都改造成完全绿色的场所。一旦成功，它将为环境保护提供一种新的途径。”)”可知，苏珊娜博士对“2050项目”持支持态度。A.Indifferent.不在乎的；B.Carefree.无忧无虑的；C.Tolerant.忍受的；D.Supportive.支持的。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Environmentalgroupshavelongcriticizedtheprivatejets(喷气式飞机)forbeingalargecontributortoglobalcarbondioxideemissions,andlastweek,environmentalistsmadeheadlinesbyinterruptingaprivatejettradeshowinSwitzerland.(环保组织长期以来一直批评私人飞机是全球二氧化碳排放的主要来源。上周，环保人士打断了在瑞士举行的私人飞机贸易展，成为头条新闻。)”和倒数第二段““Jetexisalwaysthinkingabouthowtocooperatewitheveryonetodealwithclimatechange,”saidDr.Suzanne,aprofessorofaviationattheUniversityofWaterloo.“Andnowitisworkingonchangingallofitslocationsintofullygreenonesinthefuture.Onceitsucceeds,itwillofferanewapproachtotheenvironmentalprotection.”(“Jetex总是在思考如何与所有人合作应对气候变化，”滑铁卢大学航空学教授苏珊娜博士说。“现在，该公司正致力于在未来将所有的办公场所都改造成完全绿色的场所。一旦成功，它将为环境保护提供一种新的途径。”)”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了私人飞机对全球二氧化碳排放的贡献以及环保组织对其的批评。因此本文的最佳标题是APrivateJets’GreenPath(私人飞机的绿色通道）。故选A。DThirstyorstressedplantsdonotsufferinsilence.Instead,theymakehigh-pitched(尖锐的)sounds,accordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalCell.Thereasonwhyyouhaveprobablyneverheardtheplants’soundsisthatmosthumansareonlyabletohearsoundsashighas20kilohertz(kHz),buttheplantsmadesoundsmostlybetween40and80kHz,LilachHadany,aco-authorofthestudyatTelAvivUniversity,tellsBusinessInsider’sMarianneGuenot.Plants,obviously,donothaveorganstomakesounds.Lilachsays,thepresentpopulartheoryonhowtheymakenoisescentersonplants’xylem(木质部),thetubesthattransportwaterfromtheirrootstotheirstems(根茎)andleaves.Intheprocessoftransporting,whenanairbubble(气泡)formsorbreaksinthexylem,itmightmakealittlenoise;bubblesaremorelikelytoformwhenaplantissufferingfromdrought.Buttheexactprocessrequiresfurtherstudy,Lilachexplains.Tolistenintoplants,Lilachandherco-workersplacedtobaccoandtomatoplantsinsmallboxesequippedwithmicrophones.First,theystoppedprovidingwatertosomeplantsintheboxesandcutthestemsofothers.Then,themicrophoneswereusedtopickupanynoisesmadebytheplantseventhoughtheycouldn’thearthem.Researchers,foundthatthesoundsdidshowthespecifictypesofstressesplantswereexperiencing.Thirstytomatoandtobaccoplantsmadeanaverageofabout35and11soundsperhour,individually,whilecuttomatoandtobaccoplantsmade25and15noisesperhour.Intheory,theserecordedsoundscouldhelpfarmersknowaboutwhichcropsaremostinneedofwater.“Whenmoreandmoreareasareexposedtodroughtduetoclimatechange,efficientwaterusebecomesevenmoreimportant,forbothfoodsecurityandecology,”Lilachwithherco-workerswrite.12.Whydohumansfailtohearthesoundsofplants?A.Thesoundsarestressful.B.Thesoundsarebeyondhuman’shearingrange.C.Thesoundsarelow-pitched.D.Thesoundsarebetween20kHzand40kHz.13.Whatmightcausethirstyplantstoproducesounds?A.Sufferingfromlackofair.B.Stemsandleavestransportingwater.C.Moreairbubblesgatheringintheroots.D.Airbubbles’formingorbreakinginthexylem.14.WhatdidLilachandherco-workersfindinthestudy?A.Noisescanbepickedupbymicrophones.B.Plantsmakemoresoundsinsmallboxes.C.Cutplantssufferthesameasthirstyones.D.Differentsoundsindicateplants’stresstypes.15.What’sthepotentialuseofthesoundrecordings?A.Toharvestthecrops.B.Tosolvethefoodproblem.C.Tolocatethethirstycrops.D.Topreventclimatechange.【答案】12.B13.D14.D15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现，干渴或压力过大的植物会发出高频声音。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Thereasonwhyyouhaveprobablyneverheardtheplants’soundsisthatmosthumansareonlyabletohearsoundsashighas20kilohertz（kHz）,buttheplantsmadesoundsmostlybetween40and80kHz,LilachHadany,aco-authorofthestudyatTelAvivUniversity,tellsBusinessInsider’sMarianneGuenot.(特拉维夫大学这项研究的共同作者LilachHadany告诉BusinessInsider的MarianneGuenot，你可能从未听到过植物的声音的原因是，大多数人只能听到高达20千赫的声音，但植物发出的声音大多在40,到80千赫之间。)”可知，人类听不到植物的声音，因为这些声音超出了人类的听觉范围。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Lilachsays,thepresentpopulartheoryonhowtheymakenoisescentersonplants’xylem(木质部),thetubesthattransportwaterfromtheirrootstotheirstems(根茎)andleaves.Intheprocessoftransporting,whenanairbubble(气泡)formsorbreaksinthexylem,itmightmakealittlenoise;(Lilach说，目前关于它们如何制造噪音的流行理论集中在植物的木质部，即从根部向茎和叶运输水分的管道。在运输过程中，当木质部中有气泡形成或破裂时，可能会发出一点声音)”可知，木质部中气泡的形成或破裂可能会导致干渴的植物发出声音。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Thirstytomatoandtobaccoplantsmadeanaverageofabout35and11soundsperhour,individually,whilecuttomatoandtobaccoplantsmade25and15noisesperhour.(口渴的番茄和烟草植物平均每小时分别发出35和11种声音，而切开的番茄和烟草植物每小时分别发出25和15种声音。)”可知，不同的声音表明植物的压力类型。故选D。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Intheory,theserecordedsoundscouldhelpfarmersknowaboutwhichcropsaremostinneedofwater.“Whenmoreandmoreareasareexposedtodroughtduetoclimatechange,efficientwaterusebecomesevenmoreimportant,forbothfoodsecurityandecology,”Lilachwithherco-workerswrite.(理论上，这些记录的声音可以帮助农民知道哪些作物最需要水。“由于气候变化，越来越多的地区面临干旱，高效用水变得更加重要，无论是对粮食安全还是生态而言，”Lilach和她的同事写道。)”可知，录音的潜在用途是找到缺水的庄稼。A.Toharvestthecrops.收割庄稼；B.Tosolvethefoodproblem.解决食物问题；C.Tolocatethethirstycrops.找到缺水的庄稼；D.Topreventclimatechange.防止气候变化。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowToDealWithABullyAbullyissomeonewho,outofhabit,usestheirpowertohurtorfrightenotherpeople.Theyenjoydoingphysicalandemotionalharmtoothersandoftenleavethevictimfeelinghelpless.____16____.However,thesesuggestionsbelowcanstopthesituationfromworsening.AskThemToStopAskingthebulliestostopinafirmandconfidentvoiceissometimesaneffectivemeasuretodealwiththem.Sometimeswhenwedonotspeakupforourselves,thebulliescontinuewiththeirbehaviorthinkingofusaseasy,targets.Inthisthought,theyassumethatwewillneverspeakuptothem.____17____.BeAccompanied____18____.Ifyouarewithyourfriends,orifyouareinthecompanyofsomeone,itislesslikelythatthebullywilldisturbyou.Wearenotaskingyoutomakeahugecircleoffriends.Sometimes,allittakesisoneloyalfriendwhowillstaybyyounomatterwhat.TurnTheSituationIntoAJokeSomeofusareborncomediansandwecanturnalmostanythingintoajoke.____19____.Turnthesituationthebullyhascreatedintoajokeorjustsaysomethingfunny.Thiswillbreakthebully’sconfidenceandtheywillknowthatyouarestrongandsureaboutwhoyouare.Thiswillmakethembackoff.Itisnevereasytodealwithalltheunwantedbullyingevenwhenyouhavedonenothingwrong.____20____.Sobebraveandtakeactionnow!A.BulliesusuallyhuntforpeoplewhoarealoneB.ThereisnosimplesolutionwhenitcomestobullyingC.It’sabrilliantideatomakeasmanyfriendsaspossibleD.ButdoingnothingwillonlyresultinmoreintensebullyingE.Ifyouareoneofthesepeople,trytomakefulluseofyourgiftF.Sowhenwedospeakupforourselves,ittakesthembysurpriseG.Whatevertheydo,rememberyouarenotresponsiblefortheiractions【答案】16.B17.F18.A19.E20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者主要介绍了对付霸凌的几个方法。【16题详解】根据前文“Abullyissomeonewho,outofhabit,usestheirpowertohurtorfrightenotherpeople.Theyenjoydoingphysicalandemotionalharmtoothersandoftenleavethevictimfeelinghelpless.(恃强凌弱的人是出于习惯，使用他们的权力来伤害或吓唬别人的人。他们喜欢对他人造成身体和情感上的伤害，经常让受害者感到无助。)”以及后句“However,thesesuggestionsbelowcanstopthesituationfromworsening.(然而，以下这些建议可以阻止情况恶化。)”可知，解决欺凌问题很复杂，所以表示“欺凌问题没有简单的解决办法”的选项B可以承接前文霸凌的话题，和后句构成转折关系。故选B。【17题详解】根据前句“Inthisthought,theyassumethatwewillneverspeakuptothem.(有这种想法，他们认为我们永远不会对他们大声说话来保护自己。)”可知，这里陈述对霸凌者大声说话产生的效果，所以表示“所以，当,我们为自己说话时，他们会大吃一惊”的选项F可以承接前文，构成因果关系。故选F。【18题详解】推理判断题。根据主题句“BeAccompanied(有人陪同）”以及后句“Ifyouarewithyourfriends,orifyouareinthecompanyofsomeone,itislesslikelythatthebullywilldisturbyou.(如果你和你的朋友在一起，或者你和某人在一起，欺凌者打扰你的可能性就小了。)”可知，有人陪同可以避免被霸凌，所以表示“恃强凌弱的人通常会找孤独的人”的选项A可以承接本段的主题，后句具体解释恃强凌弱的人通常会找孤独的人，故选A。【19题详解】根据前句“Someofusareborncomediansandwecanturnalmostanythingintoajoke.(我们中的一些人天生就是喜剧演员，我们几乎可以把任何事情都变成笑话。)”可知，通过喜剧天赋化解被霸凌，所以表示“如果你是这些人中的一员，试着充分利用你的天赋”的选项E可以承接前文，介绍如果你天生就是喜剧演员，就试着利用一下你的天赋。故选E。20题详解】根据前句“Itisnevereasytodealwithalltheunwantedbullyingevenwhenyouhavedonenothingwrong.(即使你没有做错任何事，处理所有不必要的欺凌也从来都不是一件容易的事。)”以及后句“Sobebraveandtakeactionnow!(所以现在就勇敢行动吧！)”可知，处理霸凌虽然不易，但要敢于行动，避免更激烈的欺凌，所以表示“但什么都不做只会导致更激烈的欺凌”的选项D可以和前文构成转折关系，和后句构成因果关系。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mydadisaconstructionworker.Hedoesn’tseemlikethekindofguywhowould____21____greatbread,butheisandhedoes.I’vebeenfeeling____22____sinceIknewIdidn’tqualifyfortheswimteam.NowI’llhavetowaitawholeyearto____23____again;thatmightaswellbeamillionyears.DadknewIwasfeelingdown.LastSundayhesaiditwastimeformetohelpinthe____24____.Icouldn’timaginewhathelpIcouldoffer.____25____,Ifollowedrightbehindhim.Dadgotouttheflourandmilkandtaughtmehowtomakethedough(面团),whichtooktenminutesand____26____agreatamountofenergy.Nextcamethemostdifficultbut____27____part—doingnothing.Wewaitedforanhourforthedoughto____28____swell(膨胀)anddoubleinsize.Thenwebeattherisendoughdowntolettheairout,divideditintotwoandwaitedforanother___29___.“Takeyourtime.Don’trushtoputthedoughdirectlyintotheoven(烤箱),,butifyoudo,thebreadwillbehard.Solearntobe_____30_____,”Dadexplained.Astheflourdustinthekitchenquietlysettled,_____31_____didn’tseemtomatter.Thedoughwasgoingto_____32_____atitsownpace.AsI_____33_____whatDadsaid,Istoppedwalkingaroundandwatchingthe_____34_____.Withapeacefulmind,Istarted_____35_____thequiettimewithDad.Myfathertaughtmehowtobakebread,butIthinkIlearnedsomethingmore.21.A.purchaseB.deliverC.bakeD.earn22A.heart-brokenB.tongue-tiedC.cold-bloodedD.narrow-minded23.A.settledownB.cheerupC.showoffD.tryout24.A.kitchenB.schoolC.marketD.factory25.A.EvenB.StillC.BesidesD.Often26.A.demandedB.wastedC.preservedD.weakened27.A.amusingB.annoyingC.movingD.surprising28.A.urgentlyB.casuallyC.slowlyD.temporarily29.A.minuteB.hourC.dayD.week30.A.ambitiousB.passionateC.patientD.conventional31.A.fortuneB.familyC.lifeD.time32.A.riseB.bendC.explodeD.roll33.A.predictedB.acceptedC.doubtedD.investigated34.A.flourB.milkC.clockD.bread35.A.memorizingB.enjoyingC.markingD.evaluating【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.A25.B26.A27.A28.C29.B30.C31.D32.A33.B34.C35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的爸爸是一名建筑工人，他会做面包。作者没有资格进入游泳队后感到失落，爸爸让他帮忙做面包，教他制作面团。爸爸告诉作者要耐心等待面团发酵，不要着急。作者在和爸爸一起制作面包的过程中学到了更多的东西。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他看起来不像是那种会烤好面包的人，但他确实会烤好面包。A.purchase购买；B.deliver运送；C.bake烘烤；D.earn挣钱。根据“Mydadisaconstructionworker.”和文章最后一句“Myfathertaughtmehowtobakebread,butIthinkIlearnedsomethingmore.”父亲教作者如何烤面包可知，,作者认为父亲只是一个建筑工人，他看起来不像是那种会烤面包的人。故选C。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：自从我知道我没有资格进入游泳队后，我一直感到很伤心。A.heart-broken伤心的；B.tongue-tied张口结舌的；C.cold-blooded冷血的；D.narrow-minded心胸狭窄的。根据“sinceIknewIdidn’tqualifyfortheswimteam.”和第三段第一句“DadknewIwasfeelingdown”可知，作者没有获得参加游泳队的资格，一直感到心碎。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在我要等整整一年才能再次参加选拔。A.settledown定居下来；B.cheerup欢呼起来；C.showoff炫耀；D.tryout选拔。根据“I’vebeenfeeling____2____sinceIknewIdidn’tqualifyfortheswimteam.”可知，作者伤心的原因是要等整整一年才能再次参加选拔。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：上星期天他说我该去厨房帮忙了。A.kitchen厨房；B.school学校；C.market市场；D.factory工厂。根据“Astheflourdustinthekitchenquietlysettled,____11____didn’tseemtomatter.”及下文可知，父亲让作者到厨房帮忙做面包。故选A。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不过，我还是跟在他后面。A.Even甚至；B.Still尽管如此；C.Besides除了；D.Often经常地。根据“Icouldn’timaginewhathelpIcouldoffer.”和“Ifollowedrightbehindhim.”可知，作者无法想象自己能提供什么帮助，尽管如此，作者还是紧跟在父亲后面去厨房，前后句是转折关系。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸拿出面粉和牛奶，教我如何揉面团，这需要十分钟，而且需要大量的精力。A.demanded需要；B.wasted浪费；C.preserved保护；D.weakened削弱。根据“andtaughtmehowtomakethedough(面团),”和“agreatamountofenergy.”可知，揉面团需要大量的精力。故选A。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：接下来是最困难但也最有趣的部分——什么也不做。A.amusing令人高兴的，有趣的；B.annoying令人生气的；C.moving令人感动的；D.surprising令人惊讶的。根据“doingnothing.”及后文可知，接下来是作面包最困难但有趣的部分。故选A。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们等了一个小时，等面团慢慢膨胀成两倍大。A.urgently紧急地；B.casually休闲地；C.slowly慢慢地；D.temporarily暂时地。根据常识可知，需要等待一个小时，让面团慢慢膨胀变大。故选C。,【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我们把发好的面团打扁，放出空气，分成两份，再等一个小时。A.minute分钟；B.hour小时；C.day天；D.week星期。根据“Wewaitedforanhourforthedoughto____8____swell(膨胀)anddoubleinsize.”可知，等待一个小时，让面团慢慢膨胀变大，说明还需要再等了一个小时。故选B。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“慢慢来。不要急于把面团直接放进烤箱，但如果你这样做，面包会很硬。所以要学会耐心，”爸爸解释说。A.ambitious有野心的；B.passionate热情的；C.patient有耐心的；D.conventional传统的。根据“Takeyourtime.Don’trushtoputthedoughdirectlyintotheoven(烤箱),butifyoudo,thebreadwillbehard.”可知，做面包的整个过程中都需要耐心。故选C。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着厨房里的面粉尘埃安静地沉淀下来，时间似乎不再重要了。A.fortune运气；B.family家庭；C.life生活；D.time时间。根据“Wewaitedforanhourforthedoughto____8____swell(膨胀)anddoubleinsize.Thenwebeattherisendoughdowntolettheairout,divideditintotwoandwaitedforanother___9___.”可知，虽然等待的时候很长，随着厨房里的面粉尘埃悄然落定，时间似乎已经不重要了。故选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：面团会以自己的速度发酵。A.rise(面包、蛋糕等)发酵；B.bend弯腰；C.explode爆炸；D.roll滚动。根据“Wewaitedforanhourforthedoughto____8____swell(膨胀)anddoubleinsize.”可知，面团会以自己的速度发酵。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我接受爸爸的话时，我不再四处走动，也不再看钟了。A.predicted预测；B.accepted接受；C.doubted怀疑；D.investigated调查。根据“Withapeacefulmind,Istarted____15____thequiettimewithDad.”可知，作者带着平和的心态，接受了父亲说的话，不再四处走动和看钟。故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我接受爸爸的话时，我不再四处走动，也不再看钟了。A.flour面粉；B.milk牛奶；C.clock钟表；D.bread面包。根据“Wewaitedforanhourforthedoughto____8____swell(膨胀)anddoubleinsize.”和“Withapeacefulmind,”可知，作者不再四处走动和看钟。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：带着平静的心情，我开始享受和爸爸在一起的安静时光。A.memorizing记住；B.enjoying享受；C.marking标记；D.evaluating评估。根据“Myfathertaughtmehowtobakebread,butI,thinkIlearnedsomethingmore.”可知，作者开始享受和爸爸在一起的安静时光，并且学到了更多的东西。故选B。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.ChineseBrushPaintingisoneoftherepresentativeformsoftraditionalChineseart.It'sbelievedthatthiskindofartform,____36____hasbeendevelopingformorethanathousandyears,____37____(start)duringtheTangDynasty.ArtistsmainlyuseinkassistedwithwaterwhentheyworkonChineseBrushPainting.Theyexpressthemoodandmeaningofthepaintingthroughthedepth,____38____(strong),andrendering(渲染)oftheink.ChineseBrushPaintingstressestheimportanceofmoodandmeaning,ratherthantheformandrealism.Itfocuses____39____thespace,atmosphereandmoodofthepainting.____40____(usual),itgivesimportancetothefreedomandfluencyofthebrushwork,thus____41____(express)thepersonalityandemotionsofthepainter.ThesubjectsofChineseBrushPaintingarevariousandincludelandscapes,flowersandbirds,figures,animalsandsoon.Paintersshow____42____(they)spiritbychangingthedepth,shade,andhumidityoftheink,creating____43____uniqueartisticform.Inaddition,ChineseBrushPaintingalsopaysattentiontocomposition.Thisrequiresthepainters____44____(pay)moreattentiontotheoverallsenseandrhythmofthepainting.Ingeneral,ChineseBrushPaintingisnotonlyanimportantpartofChineseculture,_____45_____oneofthetreasuresofworldculturalheritage.【答案】36.which37.started38.strength39.on40.Usually41.expressing42.their43.a44.topay45.but【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是中国水墨画这种绘画的艺术。【36题详解】考查定语从句。句意：据信，这种艺术形式始于唐朝，已经发展了一千多年。分析句子可知空处是非限定性定语从句，先行词artform指物，在从句中充当主语，使用关系代词which引导。故填which。【37题详解】考查动词时态。句意：据信，这种艺术形式始于唐朝，已经发展了一千多年。start是谓语动词，根据时间,状语duringtheTangDynasty可知时态为一般过去时，动词使用过去式。故填started。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：他们通过墨水的深度、力度和渲染来表达绘画的情绪和意义。空处作through的宾语使用名形式，strength“力量”，不可数名词。故填strength。【39题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：它注重绘画的空间、氛围和情绪。focuson是固定短语，意为“专注于”。故填on。【40题详解】考查副词。句意：通常，它注重笔触的自由和流畅，从而表达画家的个性和情感。空处修饰整个句子，使用副词作状语，位于句首单词首字母大写。故填Usually。【41题详解】考查现在分词。句意：通常，它注重笔触的自由和流畅，从而表达画家的个性和情感。句中谓语是gives，空格处用非谓语动词，空格后的内容是结果，因此空格处用现在分词作结果状语。故填expressing。【42题详解】考查物主代词。句意：画家通过改变墨汁的深度、浓淡和湿度来表现自己的精神，创造出独特的艺术形式。空处修饰名词spirit，使用形容词性物主代词。故填their。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：画家通过改变墨汁的深度、浓淡和湿度来表现自己的精神，创造出独特的艺术形式。form是可数名词，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，unique是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a。故填a。【44题详解】考查不定式。句意：这就要求画家更加注重绘画的整体感和节奏感，力求达到“少即是多”的效果。requiresb.todo是固定短语，意为“要求某人做某事”，因此空格处是不定式作宾语补足语。故填topay。【45题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：总的来说，中国毛笔画不仅是中国文化的重要组成部分，而且是世界文化遗产的瑰宝之一。notonly…but(also)...是固定搭配，意为“不仅……而且……”。故填but。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.近年来，露营活动逐渐兴起，但也带来了环境和安全等方面的问题。假定你是李华，请写一封倡议书，号召大家在休闲娱乐的同时爱护环境，内容包括：1.露营造成的问题；2.爱护环境的倡议。,注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Recently,campingactivitiesaregraduallyemerging,buttheyalsobringenvironmentalandsafetyissues.Firstly,thescatteredgarbagearoundthecampgarbagebinispiledupintosmallhills,withbamboosticks,fruitpeelpaperscraps,plasticbags,etc.casuallythrownontothegrass.Inaddition,manypeopleareenthusiasticaboutdoingoutdoorbarbecuesandhotpotincampsites,andthefirealsoposesahiddendangertothesecampingareasnearforestsandgrasslands.Ifthecharcoalaftertheopenfireismishandledandmixedwithflammablewaste,itislikelytocauseafireduringthehotanddryseasonsofspringandsummer.Let’sjoinourhandsandtakeactionimmediatelyinanenvironmentallyfriendlyway.Onlyinthiswaycanwemaketheworldabetterplacetolivein.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的倡议书。要求考生写一封倡议书，号召大家在露营的同时爱护环境。【详解】1.词汇积累首先：firstly→firstofall/initially此外：inaddition→what’smore/besides导致：cause→leadto/contributeto立即：immediately→instantly2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Let’sjoinourhandsandtakeactionimmediatelyinanenvironmentallyfriendlyway.拓展句：Let’sjoinourhandsandtakeactionimmediatelyinthewaywhichisenvironmentallyfriendly.【点睛】【高分句型1】Ifthecharcoalaftertheopenfireismishandledandmixedwithflammablewaste,itislikelytocauseafireduringthehotanddryseasonsofspringandsummer.（运用了if引导的状语从句）【高分句型2】Onlyinthiswaycanwemaketheworldabetterplacetolivein.（运用了only+状语放到句首构,成部分倒装结构）第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Outsidethebackofthesupermarket,anelderlyladystoodinthecoldholdingabasketofflowers.“Wouldyoulikesomeflowers?Theycost$3abunch,”sheaskedmewhenIwaswalkingpastandIpolitelyresponded,“No,thankyou.”ThenIwalkedawayandwentinsidethesupermarket.IwalkedaroundthesupermarketsearchingforthethingsIneeded.Icouldn’thelpthinkingofthatladystandinginthecoldholdingherbasketofflowers.Iwonderedaboutherunknownstoryofstandinginthecoldwithherbasket.ThenIhadmyownpersonalstruggles.Asapoorblogger(博主),Ihadtobudgetforeverythingandeven$3wasalotformeandprobablyforhertoo.Butitwasn’tmyfirstthoughtwhensheaskedmeaboutbuyingherflowers.MyfirstthoughtwasthatIdidn’thavethecashbutnotasanexcuse.I’dnotcarriedcashwithmeforafewyears.WhenIwenttothecheckoutcountertopaywithmycard,Iaskedfor$3cashout.Withasighofrelief,Iwasgladthatthestaffmemberhandedme$3.IwalkedawayandIfoundtheladyaroundthecornerofthesupermarket.“Sorry,Ididn’thavecashonmejustnow.ButI’dliketobuysomeofyourflowers.”AsIhadacloserlookinherbasketIsawthebunchofflowersIhadadmiredbrieflyduringourfirstencounter.Ialsosawtwosmallpotsofplantsthatwerebeautifulandhealthy.AlthoughIdidn’thaveagreenthumb,Ilovedthemdeeply.Shetoldmetheirnamesandsomedetailsaboutthem.IchosethebunchofflowersIhadfirstsighted.Igaveher$3asshehandedmetheflowers.Shesaidthankyoutome.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph1:AsIwalkedaway,IwaswishingIcouldhavebeenabletoofferhermorehelp.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Helpingherselloutalltheflowers,Iwasreallyhappy.,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】AsIwalkedaway,IwaswishingIcouldhavebeenabletoofferhermore.ButIhadtobudgetforeverythingatthattimeandreallydidn’thaveextramoneytobuymoreflowers.AsIlookedbackather,shethankedmeagain.Seeinghersmile,Ihadaterrificideasuddenly.Ihadmypersonalblogandeverydaymanypeoplecametoreadit.Ireturnedandtookapicturefortheladyandeditedapostquicklywhichsaid“Thesebeautifulflowersneedawarmhome!”Soon,manypeoplelivingnearbycameandtheladysoldoutallherflowers.Helpingherselloutalltheflowers,Iwasreallyhappy.ThoughIdidn’thavetheabilitytobuyallherflowersIhadtheabilitytohelpherselloutalltheflowers.Theladywasalsoverydelightedtosellallherflowersbecauseshecouldgohomeearlywithsomemoney,whichmighthelpsolvepartofherproblems.Shewasthankfulformyhelpandwebothwenthomewithgratitude.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者偶遇一位老妇人在寒冷的天气中卖花。作者因为没有现金，便礼貌地拒绝了她。但作者一直想着那位女士。尽管当时作者的经济也很拮据，但作者仍然从超市兑换了3美元现金，回到女士那里买了一束花。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“当我离开时，我希望我能给她更多。”以及第二段首句内容“帮她卖掉所有的花，我真的很高兴。”可知，第一段可描写作者想到了一个好方法帮助这位女士。②由第二段首句内容“帮她卖掉所有的花，我真的很高兴。”可知，第二段可描写作者帮助这位女士卖掉了所有的花之后，很有感触。2.续写线索：去超市偶遇一位老妇人在寒风中卖花——当时没有现金，下意识就婉拒了——在超市时，又想起这位女士——虽然自己很拮据，但还是想帮助那位女士——取了3美元现金，找到那位老妇人，买了一束花——离开后，想继续帮助这位女士——帮助这位女士卖了所有的花，内心感到高兴3.词汇激活行为类①购买：buy/purchase②做预算：budget/makeabudget,③解决：solve/handle/dealwith情绪类①高兴的：delighted/happy/joyful②感激的：thankful/grateful【点睛】【高分句型1】AsIlookedbackather,shethankedmeagain.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句）【高分句型2】Theladywasalsoverydelightedtosellallherflowersbecauseshecouldgohomeearlywithsomemoney,whichmighthelpsolvepartofherproblems.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句）