广东省广州市执信中学2023-2024学年高三英语上学期开学考试试题（8月）（Word版附解析）

2024届高三开学测试英语试卷本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共8页，满分为120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1、答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和学号填写在答题卡和答卷密封线内相应的位置上，用2B铅笔将自己的学号填涂在答题卡上。2、选择题每小题选出答案后，有2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答卷纸上作答，答案必须写在答卷纸各题目指定区域内的相应位置上，超出指定区域的答案无效；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4、考生必须保持答题卡的整洁和平整。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从1-15每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATorequestSmileCards,pleasefillouttheformbelow.Avolunteerwillmailyouanorderoftencardswithintwoweeks.SmileCardsareofferedtoanyonewhorequeststhemonapay-it-forwardbasis.Thatmeansthereisnochargeforasetofcards.Someonebeforeyouhaspaidforyourcards,andyouareinvitedtokeepthechaingoingandpay-forwardwhateveryouwishforthenextperson!Forspecialeventsorcircumstances,youcanalsoplacealargequantityofrequest.Note:WhenusingaSmileCard,remembernottojusthanditoutbyitself.TheideaistodosomethingkindforsomeoneandthenleavetheSmileCardbehind,sothattheyknowsomeonereachedouttothem,andthattheyareinvitedtopay-forwardthekindnessandkeeptheripplesgoing!,PLACESMILECARDORDERNOWABOUTUSKindSpringisaplacetopracticesmallactsof"kindness.ForoveradecadetheKindSpringusercommunityhasfocusedoninnertransformation,whilecollectivelychangingtheworldwithgenerosity,gratitude,andtrust.Thesiteis100%volunteer-runandtotallynon-commercial.Itisasharedlaboroflove.1.Whencanyouuseasmilecard?A.Yourfriend'sbirthdayisapproaching.B.Yourclassmatehaswonthefirstprize.C.You'veorderedlunchforapoorfriend.D.Youfindyourclassmateinlowspirits.2.Toordersmilecards,youhaveto____________.A.payfortheminadvanceB.placeabigquantityofrequestC.mailsomenecessaryinformationD.tellwhatfavoryouwilldoforothers3.Thepurposeofusingsmilecardsistoencouragepeopleto________________.A.spreadkindnessB.becomevolunteersC.advertiseforKindSpringD.payothers'kindnessback【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一张名为笑脸卡的卡片，并讲述了如何申请笑脸卡、笑脸卡使用的,注意事项和背后的负责团队。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“WhenusingaSmileCard,remembernottojusthanditoutbyitself.TheideaistodosomethingkindforsomeoneandthenleavetheSmileCardbehind(当你使用微笑卡片时，请记住不要单独分发。这个想法是为别人做些好事，然后把微笑卡留下。)”可知，当做了一件善意的事情之后，可以留下一张微笑卡片。C项“You’veorderedlunchforapoorfriend.”（你给一个穷朋友点了午餐。）是做了一件善意的事情，所以可以使用微笑卡片。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据表格部分下的小字“PleasetelluswhatinspiredyoutoorderSmileCards,andgiveusanexampleofakindactyou’dliketodousingthem(请告诉我们是什么激发了你订购微笑卡片，并给我们一个你想用它们做的善良行为的例子。)”可知，在申请这张卡片时需要填写一些信息让负责团队对申请者申请卡片的意图和申请者意向为人们做哪些事情有所了解，所以，要订购微笑卡片，你必须告诉别人你会为别人做什么。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“sothattheyknowsomeonereachedouttothem,andthattheyareinvitedtopay-forwardthekindnessandkeeptheripplesgoing!(这样他们就会知道有人向他们伸出了援助之手，他们也会被邀请将这种善意传递下去，让涟漪继续传播下去)”可知，给予卡片者在给卡片前会为被给予者做一件小事，以此传递这张卡片让善意被传递下去。故选A。BIdaNelsonwasrelaxingherselfinhersister’ssauna(桑拿室)whensheheardthesoundofasmallairplanecirclingthenearbyairport.Itwas11:30atnightinaremotevillagewithapopulationof70,and,asshetoldthenewspaperreporter,“Anytimeaplanefliesoverthatlate,youknowsomethingiswrong.”Nelsonandhersisterleapedoutofthesauna,rantothewindow,andsawtheproblem—theairportsrunwaylightswereout.Nelsonthrewonsomeclothes,jumpedintoherjeep,andflooredittotheairport,whereshefoundalocalpilottryingtoturnonthelightsmanually.“Normally,ifyoupushthebutton10or15times,thelightswilljustlightup,”Nelsontoldthereporter.Notthistime.Meanwhile,sheandthepilotlearnedoftheplane’surgentmission—itwasahelicopter,theretotransportaseriouslyilllocalgirltothenearesthospital,280milesawayinanothercity.Nelsonhadaplan.Drivingherjeeptotheendoftherunway,sheshoneherheadlightsontheroadfortheplanetofollow.Greatidea,butitwasn’tenough.Morelightwasneeded,soaneighborcallednearlyeveryhomeinthevillage—32ofthem.,Within20minutes,20vehiclesarrivedattheairport,manyofthedriversstillinpajamas.Followingdirectionsfromthehelicopterpilot,thecarslinedupononesideoftherunway.Thehelicoptermadeitsfinalapproachand,guidedbytheheadlights,landedsafely.Theyoungpatientwasloadedontotheaircraft,andtheplaneimmediatelytookoffagain.Herillnesswasneverpubliclyknown,butshehassincebeenrecovered.Withoutthem,thegirlmightnothavemadeit.However,forNelson,itwasonlyasmalldeed.4.Whatproblemdidthehelicopterencounter?A.Itslightswentoutbyaccident.B.Itmadenoiseasitranoutoffuel.C.Itdidn’tarriveatthescheduledtime.D.Itcouldnotspottherunwayatnight.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“urgent”inparagraph3probablymean?A.instantB.normalC.finalD.impossible6.Whatcanweconcludefromthepassage?A.Thegirlhasbeeninthehospitalsinceherillnesswasreported.B.ThecreativethoughtandthesenseofdutyofNelsonledtothefinallanding.C.Thevillagersgatheredsoquicklybecausetheywereawakeandreadytohelp.D.Thehelicopterwastotransportthegirlfromthelocalhospitaltoanotherone.7.Whatdoesthispassagewanttotellthereaders?A.Nowayisimpossibletocourage.B.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.C.Asmallactofkindnessmakesabigdifference.D.Wherethereisawisdom,thereiseffectiveness.【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了IdaNelson在晚上蒸桑拿时听见有飞机发出不正常的声音，出去后才发现机场跑道的灯灭了，导致一架空运救护飞机无法降落去救助一位病重的女孩，于是IdaNelson和周围的村民们用车灯指引飞机降落并起飞，最后小女孩得到医治并顺利出院，文章告诉我们有时候小举动汇集起来也能帮助解决困难。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Nelsonandhersisterleapedoutofthesauna,rantothewindow,andsawtheproblem—theairportsrunwaylightswereout.(Nelson和她的妹妹跳出桑拿房，跑到窗前，看到了问题——,机场跑道上的灯灭了)”和倒数第二段中“Thehelicoptermadeitsfinalapproachand,guidedbytheheadlights,landedsafely.(直升机做了最后的降落，在前灯的指引下安全着陆)”可知，机场跑道的灯灭了，所以直升机无法在夜间找到跑道的位置，故选D。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后“itwasahelicopter,theretotransportaseriouslyilllocalgirltothenearesthospital,280milesawayinanothercity(这是一架直升机，要把一名身患重病的当地女孩送到280英里外另一个城市最近的医院)”可知，直升机的任务很紧急，urgent意为“紧急的，迫切的”，故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Nelsonhadaplan.Drivingherjeeptotheendoftherunway,sheshoneherheadlightsontheroadfortheplanetofollow.Greatidea,butitwasn’tenough.Morelightwasneeded,soaneighborcallednearlyeveryhomeinthevillage—32ofthem.(Nelson有一个计划。她把吉普车开到跑道尽头，把车灯照在路上，让飞机跟着。好主意，但这还不够。因为需要更多的光线，所以一个邻居几乎给村里的每户人家打了电话——一共32户)”和第五段中“Within20minutes,20vehiclesarrivedattheairport,manyofthedriversstillinpajamas.Followingdirectionsfromthehelicopterpilot,thecarslinedupononesideoftherunway.Thehelicoptermadeitsfinalapproachand,guidedbytheheadlights,landedsafely.(20分钟内，20辆车抵达机场，许多司机还穿着睡衣。按照直升机驾驶员的指示，汽车在跑道的一侧排成一排。直升机做了最后的降落，在前灯的指引下安全着陆)”可知，Nelson想出在跑道上闪耀车灯来指引直升机降落的主意，并和众多邻居一起使得直升机安全降落，故是Nelson这个有创意的想法和责任心使得直升机安全降落，故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Withoutthem,thegirlmightnothavemadeit.However,forNelson,itwasonlyasmalldeed.(如果没有他们，这个女孩可能不会成功。然而，对Nelson来说，这只是一件小事)”可知，Nelson的一个小小的举动救了一位孩，故本文想要告诉我们小小的善举也会产生重大影响。故选C。CAspeoplearebecomingmoresociallyconsciousaboutwheretheirfoodcomesfromandhowitimpactstheplanet,theyarechoosinganimal-freeplant-basedoptions.Cow-freemeathasbeenaroundforquitesometimeandthepopularityofbrandsofthecultivated(培育的)meatisrising.Whiletherearealargenumberofplant-basedmilksubstitutes(替代品),noneofthemhavethesametasteofcow’smilk.Now,afood-techcompanycreatedrealdairyproducts(奶制品)withoutharmingasinglecowortheplanet.Thecompanystressesthattheirproductproducedinthelabisnotamilksubstitutebutratheristherealdeal.Anditisveryhealthy.Thecompanyalsosaysthatthelab-producedmilktastesthesameastherealthingandthey,hopetoeventuallyreplacecowsbycreatingeverydairyproductsold.Theyexpecttorolloutplant-basedcheeseandyogurtinadditiontomilk.“Ourcompanywasfoundedwiththemissiontostopusinganimalstoproduceourfoodbecause,asdairylovers,werealizethatgivinguponmilkisnotachoice,”Johnsaid.“Buttoday’smilkcomeswithanunreasonablepricetag.Thedairyindustryisdestroyingourplanet,ourhealth,andouranimals,andissimplynotsustainable(可持续的)anymore.”Theenvironmentalpricetagofdairyfarmingistoohigh.AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund,dairycowsaddahugeamountofgreenhousegasestotheatmosphereandcontributetoglobalwarmingandclimatechangeaswellaspollutetheairaroundthem.Dairyoperationsconsumelargeamountsofwaterandrun-offofmanure(粪肥)andfertilizersfromthesefarmsgetintolocalwaterways.Theproductionusesonly5percentoftheresourcesandproducesonly1percentofthewasteofproducingcow’smilkaccordingtothecompany.Andtheyaccomplishthisbybeing100percentcruelty-freeunlikedairyfarms.8.Thefood-techcompany’smilkmentionedinthetextdiffersfromothermilksubstitutesin_______.A.itsvariousplant-basedflavorB.ittastesthesameascow’smilkC.itshighestoutputfromthefarmsD.itsbroadpopularityhomeandabroad9.WhatcanweknowfromJohn’swordsinparagraph2?A.Pricesofcow’smilkarerisingthesedays.B.Allthedestructivedairyindustriesshouldbeshutdown.C.Thefood-techcompanywassetupforanimalprotection.D.Thefood-techcompanyaimstoproduceanimal-freefood.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”probablyrefertointhelastparagraph?A.Dairycows.B.Dairyoperations.C.Climatechanges.D.Greenhousegases.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HealthierMilkB.NewMilkSavesPlanetC.FresherMilk,BetterFutureD.MakingMilkwithoutCows【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述不用奶牛，生产牛奶的方法。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thecompanystressesthattheirproductproducedinthelabisnotamilksubstitutebutratheristherealdeal.Anditisveryhealthy.Thecompanyalsosaysthatthelab-producedmilktastesthesame,astherealthingandtheyhopetoeventuallyreplacecowsbycreatingeverydairyproductsold.(该公司强调，他们在实验室生产的产品不是牛奶替代品，而是货真价实的牛奶。而且非常健康。该公司还表示，实验室生产的牛奶味道与真牛奶相同，他们希望通过创造出每一种销售的乳制品来最终取代奶牛)”可知，食物科技公司的牛奶与其他牛奶替代品的不同是：食物科技公司生产的牛奶味道与真牛奶相同。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段““Ourcompanywasfoundedwiththemissiontostopusinganimalstoproduceourfoodbecause,asdairylovers,werealizethatgivinguponmilkisnotachoice,”Johnsaid.(约翰说：“我们公司成立使命是停止使用动物来生产我们的食物，因为作为乳制品爱好者，我们意识到放弃牛奶不是一种选择。”)”可知，约翰公司的目的是停止使用动物来生产食物，即食物科技公司的目标是生产不含动物成分的食物，故选D。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据最后一段“AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund,dairycowsaddahugeamountofgreenhousegasestotheatmosphereandcontributetoglobalwarmingandclimatechangeaswellaspollutetheairaroundthem.(根据世界野生动物基金会的数据，奶牛向大气中添加了大量的温室气体，并导致全球变暖和气候变化，并污染them周围的空气)”可知，奶牛向大气中释放的温室气体，这些气体导致全球变暖和气候变化，对大气造成污染。奶牛生存在这些被污染的空气中。故推知them指代“奶牛”。故选A。【11题详解】标题判断题。根据第一段“Whiletherearealargenumberofplant-basedmilksubstitutes,noneofthemhavethesametasteofcow’smilk.Now,afood-techcompanycreatedrealdairyproductswithoutharmingasinglecowortheplanet.(虽然有大量的植物性牛奶替代品，但它们都没有牛奶的味道。现在，一家食品科技公司生产出了真正的乳制品，却没有伤害一头牛或地球)”和下文内容可知，文章主要讨论不用奶牛，生产牛奶的方式。故文章标题为MakingMilkwithoutCows(不用奶牛，生产牛奶)，故选D。DThereissomethingtobesaidforbeingageneralist,evenifyouareaspecialist.Knowingalittleaboutalotofthingsthatinterestyoucanaddtotherichnessofawhole,well-livedlife.Societypushesustospecialize,tobecomeexperts.Thisrequirescommitmenttoaparticularoccupation,branchofstudyorresearch.Thedrawbacktobeingspecialistsisweoftencometoknowmoreandmoreaboutlessandless.Thereisagreatdealofpressuretomasterone’sfield.Youmaypursuetraining,degrees,orincreasinglevelsofresponsibilityatwork.Thenyoudiscoverthepressureofhavingtokeepup.Somepeopleseemwillingtoworkaroundtheclockintheirnarrowspecialty.Butsuchcommitmentcanalsoweakenasenseoffreedom.Thesespecialistscouldworkattheofficeuntilteneachnight,thenlookbackand,realizetheywouldhavelovedtohavegonehomeandenjoyedthesweetnessoftheirfamilyandfriends,ortraveledtoexcitingplaces,meetinginterestingpeople.Masteringonethingtotheexclusion(排除)ofotherscanholdbackyourtruespirit.Generalists,ontheotherhand,knowalotaboutawiderangeofsubjectsandviewthewholewithallitsconnections.Theyarepeopleofability,talent,andenthusiasmwhocanbringtheirbroadperspectiveintospecificfieldsofexpertise(专长).Thedoctorwhoisalsoapoetandphilosopherisasuperiordoctor,onewhocangivesomuchmoretohispatientsthanjustgoodmedicalskills.Thingsareconnected.Letyourexpertiseinonefieldfuelyourpassionsinallrelatedareas.Someofyourinterestsmaynotappeartobeconnectedbut,onceyouexploretheirdepths,youdiscoverthattheyare.MyeditorToni,whoisalsoawriter,haseditedseveralhistorybooks.ShehasdecidedtostudyChinesehistory.FascinatedbythestructuralbeautyoftheForbiddenCityasapainter,sheisequallyinterestedtolearnmoreaboutChinesephilosophy.“Idon’tknowwhereitwilllead,butI’mexcitedI’monthispursuit.”Theseexpansionsintonewworldshelpusbygivingusnewperspectives.Webegintoseetheinterconnectednessofonethingtoanotherinallaspectsofourlife,ofourselvesandtheuniverse.Developbroad,generalknowledgeandexperience.Theuniverseisallyourstoexploreandenjoy.12.Whatisgoodaboutbeingageneralist?A.Youdon’tneedtobepushedbysociety.BYouwillneedtoknowlessandless.C.Youknowmoreaboutyouroccupation.D.Youcanenjoyyourlifetothefullest.13.Paragraph3mainlytalksaboutspecialists’______.A.choicesB.limitationsC.regretsD.expectations14.Accordingtotheauthor,asuperiordoctorisonewho________.A.isfullyawareofhistalentandabilityB.shouldlovepoetryandphilosophyC.bringsknowledgeofotherfieldstoworkD.isacommittedspecialistinmedicine15.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoshowwiththeexampleofToni?A.Passionalonedoesnotensureaperson'ssuccess.B.In-depthexplorationmakesdiscoveriespossible.,C.Seeminglyunrelatedinterestsareinawayconnected.D.Everyonehasachancetosucceedintheirpursuit.【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了作为专家需要具备的知识及作为一个多面手需要具备的东西，并对两者进行了比较与讨论，建议做一个多面手。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Thereissomethingtobesaidforbeingageneralist,evenifyouareaspecialist.Knowingalittleaboutalotofthingsthatinterestyoucanaddtotherichnessofawhole,well-livedlife.(即使你是一个专家，作为一个多面手也是有道理的。对很多你感兴趣的事情略知一二，就能让你的生活更加丰富多彩。）”可知，做一个多面手的好处是你可以尽情享受生活。故选D。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段的“Thesespecialistscouldworkattheofficeuntilteneachnight,thenlookbackandrealizetheywouldhavelovedtohavegonehomeandenjoyedthesweetnessoftheirfamilyandfriends,ortraveledtoexcitingplaces,meetinginterestingpeople.Masteringonethingtotheexclusionofotherscanholdbackyourtruespirit.(这些专家每天晚上在办公室工作到10点，然后回顾过去，他们会意识到，他们本想回家享受家人和朋友的甜蜜，或去令人兴奋的地方旅行，遇见有趣的人。掌握一件事而排斥其他事会阻碍你真正的精神。)”可知，本段主要讨论专家的遗憾。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的“Thedoctorwhoisalsoapoetandphilosopherisasuperiordoctor,onewhocangivesomuchmoretohispatientsthanjustgoodmedicalskills.”（一个既是诗人又是哲学家的医生是一个优秀的医生，他能给他的病人比良好的医疗技术更多的东西。）”可知，作者认为一位优秀的医生不仅仅是纯粹的医生，他在诗歌和哲学上所知的东西也会运用到工作中去，给予病人超越医术的东西，会将其他领域的知识带到工作中去。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Toni”的例子上文内容“Thingsareconnected.Letyourexpertiseinonefieldfuelyourpassionsinallrelatedareas.Someofyourinterestsmaynotappeartobeconnectedbut,onceyouexploretheirdepths,youdiscoverthattheyare.（事物是相互关联的。让你在某一领域的专长激发你在所有相关领域的热情。你的一些兴趣可能看起来没有联系，但一旦你探索了它们的深度，你会发现它们是联系的。）”可推断，作者想用托妮的例子来说明表面上不相关的兴趣在某种程度上是相关的。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）,根据短文内容，从短文后的16-20选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoBeaGoodListenerWhetheryou’recommunicatinginpersonoronthephone,beingagoodlistenerisanimportantpartofanyhealthyrelationship.____16____Ifyou’vewonderedwhetheryoucouldbeabetterlistener,theanswerisalmostcertainly“yes”.Makingsurethepeopleinyourlifefeeltrulyheardissomethingthatyoucanimproveupon.Youappearmoreinterestedwhenyouinvitethespeakertogiveexplanations,byaskingthemthingsthatneedmorethana“yes”or“no”answer.“Anopen-endedquestionisaninvitationfortheotherpersontosaymore,andcontinuegoingdeeperintotheirtrainofthought,versus(与……相对比)aclose-endedquestionthatinvitesafactualanswer,”Dr.Bobbyexplains.____17____Whatyou’reexpressingthroughyourbodylanguageisasimportantaswhatyousay.It’saboutlookinginsomeone’seyes,smilingandnodding.Showingwithyourfacethatyou’refollowingwhatsomeoneissayingisreallyimportant.____18____Rememberthatlookingintoyourlaptopcameraislikemakingeyecontact,whilebreakingittolookdownwardmakesitappearthatyou’redoingsomethingelse.____19____“Peoplecanbeconsideredaspoorlistenerswhentheydon’tunderstandwhattheconversationisactuallyaboutonahighlevel.”Dr.Bobbysays.____20____Maybethey’rereallyjustwantingtoexpresstheirbadfeelings,ortalkabouttheirday.Sodon’ttrytogivesuggestions;justlisteninstead.A.Listeningrequireslookingatproblemsfromother’sview.B.Infact,peopleonlywanttogettoknowmoreaboutothers.C.Thisisequallykeyinvirtualconversationsonavideochat.D.Sometimespeoplesimplywanttotalkaboutanunhappysituation.E.Thisissomethingyoucandotoshowthatyou’rereallylistening.F.Beingabadlistenercanbreakthatperson’strustinyourrelationship.G.Listeningdoesn’talwaysrequireofferingsolutions—quitetheopposite,infact.【答案】16.F17.E18.C19.G20.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍如何成为一个好的倾听者。【16题详解】上文“Whetheryou’recommunicatinginpersonoronthephone,beingagoodlistenerisanimportantpartofanyhealthyrelationship.(无论你是面对面交流还是通过电话交流，做一个好的倾听者是任何健康关系的重要组,成部分)”描述了成为一个好的倾听者的作用，结合下文“Ifyou’vewonderedwhetheryoucouldbeabetterlistener(如果你想知道你是否可以成为一个更好的倾听者)”可知，空处是描述一个不好的倾听者的影响，下文“abetterlistener”与之形成比较关系，F项“做一个糟糕的倾听者会破坏对方对你们关系的信任”符合语境。故选F。【17题详解】根据上文“Youappearmoreinterestedwhenyouinvitethespeakertogiveexplanations,byaskingthemthingsthatneedmorethana‘yes’or‘no’answer.‘Anopen-endedquestionisaninvitationfortheotherpersontosaymore,andcontinuegoingdeeperintotheirtrainofthought,versus(与……相对比)aclose-endedquestionthatinvitesafactualanswer,’Dr.Bobbyexplains.(当你通过问一些不需要“是”或“否”回答的问题来邀请说话者给出解释时，你会显得更感兴趣。“一个开放式的问题是邀请对方说更多的话，并继续深入他们的思路，而一个封闭式的问题是邀请一个事实性的答案。”Bobby博士解释说)”可知，本段是建议在交流时询问一些开放式的问题，从而邀请对方说更多的话，显得你更感兴趣，E项“你可以这样做来表明你真的在倾听”总结上文，说明可以采用这种方法，并说明其好处，故选E。【18题详解】上文“Showingwithyourfacethatyou’refollowingwhatsomeoneissayingisreallyimportant.(用你的面部表情表明你在听别人说的话是非常重要的)”提到肢体语言在交流中很重要，下文“Rememberthatlookingintoyourlaptopcameraislikemakingeyecontact,whilebreakingittolookdownwardmakesitappearthatyou’redoingsomethingelse.(记住，看着你的笔记本电脑摄像头就像在进行眼神交流，反之向下看会让你看起来在做别的事情)”提到通过摄像头视频交流时的肢体语言，故空处是说肢体语言在视频交流时也同等重要，C项“这在视频聊天的虚拟对话中同样重要”符合语境，故选C。【19题详解】空处是本段的主题句，根据本段末句的总结“Sodon’ttrytogivesuggestions;justlisteninstead.(所以不要试图给出建议；只需倾听)”可知，本段是说有时交流时不需要给出建议，倾听就行了，G项“倾听并不总是需要提供解决方案——事实上恰恰相反”符合语境，G项中的“solutions”与末句中的“suggestions”呼应，故选G。【20题详解】根据下文“Maybethey’rereallyjustwantingtoexpresstheirbadfeelings,ortalkabouttheirday.(可能他们真的只是想表达他们不好的感觉，或者谈谈他们的一天)”可知，有时人们只是想谈论一下糟糕的感受，D项“有时，人们只是想谈谈不愉快的情况”与此处语义一致，下文的“they”指代D项中的“people”，故选D。第二部分语言知识及应用（共两节，满分30分）,第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后21-35各题所给的四个选项（A,B,C,D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。It’scommontopostonsocialmediatokeeparecordofthefunthingsyoudo.Althoughsocialmediahasitspositiveaspects,itcanalsohavesomeserious____21____results.Forexample,haveyoueverbeenboredanddecidedtochecksocial____22____,onlytofindoutthatyourbestfriendisattheGreatWall,oneofyourclassmatesiseatingdeliciousnoodlesatyour____23____restaurant,andoneofyourbasketballteammatesisvisitingthegiantpandasinSichuan?Oh!You’rereally____24____!Atleastthat’swhatyoumightthink.Haveyoueverhadthatfeelingthatothersareexperiencingthingsandenjoyinglife____25____thanyouare?ResearcherscallthatfeelingthefearofmissingoutorFOMO.FOMOisareal____26____thatover75%ofyoungpeopleexperiencefromtimetotime.Socialmediaisthecause,becauseit’ssoeasytodayto____27____throughtoseewhatyourfriendsaredoing,eating,buyingandtalkingabout.____28____,itwouldbeimpossibletoenjoyallthesameactivitiesweseeotherstakepartinonsocialmedia.Ratherthan____29____thisbasictruth,though,weoftenletFOMOleadustocompareourlivestothoseofothersonsocialmedia.This_____30_____leavesusfeelingdissatisfied.Why?Weknowalltheaspectsofourlives—bothgoodandbad.Butallweseeonsocialmediaarethe_____31_____momentsothersshare.FOMOmakesuschecksocialmediamorefrequently,leadingtoanegativecyclethatcanbehardto_____32_____.ResearchershavefoundthatsocialmediaandFOMOcancausefeelingsof_____33_____,lonelinessandboredom.Researchersadvisethatwestoplookingfor_____34_____onsocialmedia.IfweletFOMO_____35_____us,theonlythingwe’llreallybemissingoutonisourownlife.Andlife’stooshortforthat!21.A.criticalB.negativeC.contradictoryD.skeptical22.A.contactB.relationsC.mediaD.issues23.A.favouriteB.accessibleC.extraordinaryD.optional24.A.missingoutB.figuringoutC.pickingoutD.runningout25.A.lessB.furtherC.worseD.more26.A.problemB.feelingC.frameworkD.term27.A.glanceB.lookC.getD.pull28.A.OccasionallyB.InitiallyC.UnfortunatelyD.Oppositely29.A.resistingB.realizingC.distinguishingD.analyzing30.A.criterionB.understandingC.assessmentD.comparison31.A.abundantB.exactC.similarD.perfect,32.A.adjustB.breakC.expectD.tell33.A.surpriseB.difficultyC.depressionD.anger34.A.benefitB.dignityC.happinessD.substitute35.A.takeawayfromB.takeinC.takeoverD.takecontrolof【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.A25.D26.B27.A28.C29.B30.D31.D32.B33.C34.C35.D【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述随着社交媒体深入人们的生活，也产生了一些严重的比如FOMO这样的消极后果。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然社交媒体有其积极的一面，但也可能产生一些严重的消极后果。A.critical爱挑剔的，严重的；B.negative消极的；C.contradictory矛盾的；D.skeptical多疑的。根据上文“Althoughsocialmediahasitspositiveaspects”可知，此处上下文是转折关系，上文提到积极方面，下文就要提出消极方面。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，你是否曾经感到无聊，决定查看社交媒体，却发现你最好的朋友在长城，你的一个同学在你最喜欢的餐厅吃美味的面条，你的一个篮球队友在四川参观大熊猫?A.contact联系，接触；B.relations关系，联系；C.media媒体；D.issues问题。根据下文“itwouldbeimpossibletoenjoyallthesameactivitiesweseeotherstakepartinonsocialmedia”可知，此处指查看社交媒体。故选C项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见第2题详解。A.favourite特别喜爱的；B.accessible易接近的，可进入的；C.extraordinary非凡的，特别的；D.optional可选择的。根据上下文语境可知，此处指你的同学在你最喜欢的餐厅吃面条。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你真的错过了。A.missingout错过，省略；B.figuringout解决，想出；C.pickingout挑选出；D.runningout耗尽，到期。根据下文的“Researcherscallthatfeelingthefearofmissingout”可知，此处指错过了那些体验。故选A项。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：你是否有过这样的感觉：别人比你更能体验事物，更能享受生活？A.less更少；B.further更远；C.worse更糟糕；D.more更多。根据上文“experiencingthingsandenjoyinglife”可,知，此处指别人比你更能体验事物，更能享受生活。故选D项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：FOMO是一个真实的感觉，超过75%的年轻人时不时的会经历它。A.problem问题；B.feeling感觉；C.framework结构，构架；D.term术语，学期。根据上文“ResearcherscallthatfeelingthefearofmissingoutorFOMO.”可知，FOMO是一个真实的感觉。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：社交媒体是原因，因为现在很容易浏览一下你的朋友在做什么，吃什么，买什么，谈论什么。A.glance浏览，扫视；B.look看，注意；C.get得到；D.pull拉。根据下文“seewhatyourfriendsaredoing,earing,buyingandtalkingabout”可知，此处指现在很容易在社交媒体上面浏览到你的朋友在做什么，吃什么，买什么，谈论什么。故选A项。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，我们不可能享受我们在社交媒体上看到的所有活动。A.Occasionally偶尔；B.Initially最初，首先；C.Unfortunately不幸的是；D.Oppositely相反。根据下文“itwouldbeimpossibletoenjoyallthesameactivitiesweseeotherstakepartinonsocialmedia.”可知，我们不能体验自己在社交媒体上看到的所有活动是不幸的事情。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们并没有意识到这一基本事实，而是经常让FOMO引导我们在社交媒体上将自己的生活与他人的生活进行比较。A.resisting抵抗，抗报：B.realizing意识到；C.distinguishing区分，辨别；D.analyzing分析。结合下文“weoftenletFOMOleadustocompareourlivestothoseofothersonsocialmedia.”可知，此处指我们并没有意识到我们不能体验自己在社交媒体上看到的所有活动这一基本事实，所以才会跟别人的生活相比较。故选B项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种比较使我们感到不满。A.criterion标准；B.understanding理解；C.assessment评定，估价；D.comparison比较。根据上文“compareourlivestothoseofothersonsocialmedia”可知，此处指这种比较使我们感到不满。故选D项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我们在社交媒体上看到的都是他人分享的完美时刻。A.abundant大量的；B.exact准确的；C.similar相似的；D.perfect完美的。根据上文的“Weknowalltheaspectsofourlives—bothgoodandbad.But”可知，生活中有好有坏，但是我们在社交媒体上看到的却都是他人分享的完美时刻。故选D项。【32题详解】,考查动词词义辨析。句意：FOMO让我们更频繁地查看社交媒体，导致了一个难以避免的负面循环。A.adjust调整，使……适合；B.break破坏，打破；C.expect期望；D.tell告诉。根据上文“thatover75%ofyoungpeopleareexperiencingfromtimetotime.”可知，有FOMO这种情况的年轻人很多，所以很难摆脱这种感觉。故选B项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究人员发现，社交媒体和FOMO会导致抑郁、孤独和无聊感。A.surprise惊喜；B.difficulty困难；C.depression沮丧，抑郁；D.anger生气。根据下文“lonelinessandboredom”可知，此处指FOMO引起的一些不好的感觉。故选C项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究人员建议我们停止在社交媒体上寻找快乐。A.benefit利益，好处；B.dignity尊严；C.happiness快乐；D.substitute代用品。根据上文的“It’scommontopostonsocialmediatokeeparecordofthefunthingsyoudo”可知，此处指研究人员建议我们停止在社交媒体上寻找快乐。故选C项。【35题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：FOMO控制我们，我们唯一真正错过的就是我们自己的生活。A.takeawayfrom减损；B.takein吸收；C.takeover接管；D.takecontrolof控制。根据上文“weoftenletFOMOleadustocompareourlivestothoseofothersonsocialmedia”和“FOMOmakesuschecksocialmediamorefrequently”可知，此处指FOMO控制我们了我们是生活。故选D项。第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在36-45空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Alecturerwasgivingalecturetohisstudents____36____stressmanagement.Heraisedaglassofwaterandaskedtheaudience,“Howheavydoyouthinkthisglassofwateris?”Thestudents’answers____37____(range)from20gto500g.“Itdoesnotmatterontheabsolute____38____(weigh).Itdependsonhowlongyouholdit.IfIholditforaminute,itisOK.IfIholditforanhour,Iwillhave____39____acheinmyrightarm.IfIholditforaday,youwillhavetocallanambulance.Itistheexactsameweight,____40____thelongerIholdit,theheavieritbecomes.”“Ifwecarryourburdensallthetime,soonerorlater,wewillnotbeabletocarryon,theburdenbecoming____41____(increase)heavier.Whatyouhavetorememberis____42____(put)theglassdown.Restforawhilebeforeholdingitupagain.”Wehavetoputdowntheburdenperiodically,sothatwecanbe____43____(refresh)andareabletocarryon.Sobeforeyoureturnhomefromworktonight,puttheburdenofworkdown.Don’tcarry____44____backhome._____45_____burdensyouarehavingnowonyourshoulders,letitdownformomentifyou,can.Lifeisshort,soenjoyit.【答案】36.on37.ranged38.weight39.an40but41.increasingly42.toput43.refreshed44.it45.Whatever【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。通过故事让我们明白要学会放下生活中的担子的道理。【36题详解】考查介词。句意：一位讲师正在给学生们做一场关于压力管理的讲座。结合句意演讲是有关于压力管理可知，此处使用介词on“关于”符合句意，故填on。【37题详解】考查时态。句意：学生们的回答从20克到500克不等。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词，结合上下文时态可知，陈述过去所发生的事情，使用一般过去时，故填ranged。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：这与绝对重量无关，这取决于你握它的时间。分析句子结构可知，形容词absolute后缺少名词作宾语，故填weight。【39题详解】考查冠词。句意：如果我拿它一个小时，我的右臂就会疼痛。短语haveanachein“身体某部位感到疼痛”符合句意，故填an。【40题详解】考查连词。句意：它的重量完全一样，但我握它的时间越长，它就越重。结合上下文句意可知，此处使用but“但是”表转折符合句意，故填but。【41题详解】考查副词。句意：如果我们一直背负着我们的负担，迟早我们将无法继续下去，负担会越来越重。分析句子结构可知，此处需要使用副词修饰形容词作状语，故填increasingly。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你必须记住的是放下杯子。结合句意分析句子结构可知，表示具体的动作使用不定式作表语，故填toput。【43题详解】,考查形容词。句意：我们必须定期放下负担，这样我们才能精神抖擞，继续前行。分析句子结构可知，此处要使用形容词作表语，主语为人，此处使用refreshed“恢复精力的”符合句意，故填refreshed。【44题详解】考查代词。句意：不要把它带回家。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少宾语，结合句意可知，使用it代指上文中的“theburdenofwork”符合句意，故填it。【45题详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：不管你们肩上有什么负担，只要可以的话，暂时放下。结合句意分析句子结构可知，此处缺少让步状语从句连接词，whatever“无论什么”符合句意，位于句首注意首字母要大写，故填Whatever。第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）46.你校的体育节刚刚结束。请给学校英语报写一篇报道，报道体育节的主要活动、精彩瞬间及意义。注意1.词数100词左右；2.可以通当增加细节，使文连贯；3.报道的开头已为你写好，不入词数。参考词汇:开幕式openingceremony项目item___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】TheschoolsportscarnivalwhichtookplacelastFridayandSaturday,wasagreatsuccess.Thecrowdscheerontheirclassmateswhotookpartinmorethan10excitingevents.Thecarnivalstartedwithanopeningceremonywhichincludedastudentathletemarchanddanceperformancebyourschool’sstreetdanceclub.Thiswasfollowedbytheeventsthemselves.AmongthemanygreatperformanceswasLiHua’swininthe1500-metrerunningraceandQiQi’sdominantvictoryinthegirls100-metrerace.Perhapsthebiggestcheerofthemeetwasforthestudentswhentheydefeatedtheteachersinthetug-of-warcompetition.Afteritsconclusion,manystudentssaidtheylovethesportsmeetasitprovidedthemwithanopportunitytorelax,demonstratetheirsportsabilitiesandbuildfriendshipandschoolspiritamongthestudents.【解析】,【分析】这是一篇提纲类作文。要求考生用英语写一篇报道，报道体育节的主要活动、精彩瞬间及意义。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：提纲类作文时态：根据提示，时态应为一般过去时。结构：总分法要求：报道体育节的主要活动、精彩瞬间及意义。第二步:列提纲（重点词组）takeplace；cheeron；takepartin；dominant；defeat；demonstrate第三步：连词成句1.Theschoolsportscarnival,whichtookplacelastFridayandSaturday,wasagreatsuccess.2.Thecrowdscheerontheirclassmateswhotookpartinmorethan10excitingevents.3.Thecarnivalstartedwithanopeningceremonywhichincludedastudentathletemarchanddanceperformancebyourschool’sstreetdanceclub.4.Thiswasfollowedbytheeventsthemselves.5.AmongthemanygreatperformanceswasLiHua’swininthe1500-metrerunningraceandQiQi’sdominantvictoryinthegirls100-metrerace.6.Perhapsthebiggestcheerofthemeetwasforthestudentswhentheydefeatedtheteachersinthetug-of-warcompetition.7.Afteritsconclusion,manystudentssaidtheylovethesportsmeetasitprovidedthemwithanopportunitytorelax,demonstratetheirsportsabilitiesandbuildfriendshipandschoolspiritamongthestudents.第四步：连句成篇公众号：全元高考1.表文章结构顺序：Firstofall,Firstly/First,Secondly/Second…Andthen,Finally,Intheend,Atlast2.表并列补充关系：Whatismore,Besides,Moreover,Furthermore,InadditionAswellas,notonly…but(also),including,3.表转折对比关系：while,meanwhile,However,Onthecontrary,but,Although+clause(从句),Inspiteof+n/doing,Ontheonehand…,Ontheotherhand…Some…,whileothers…,asfor,so…that…4.表因果关系：Because,As,So,Thus,Therefore,Asaresult连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，第五步：润色修改【点睛】文章结构合理，思路清晰，使用了恰当的连接词及词组使行文连贯，如“which，who，after”，也运用了一些高级词汇和表达，如“takeplace；cheeron；takepartin；dominant；defeat；demonstrate”以,及定语从句、状语从句等，增加了文章的亮点，体现了学生较高的英语学科素养。第二部分读后续写（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。MyDad’sBestFlowerIremembermyfirsthomewasasmallapartmentonthesecondfloorwithalovelyandspaciousbalcony.Whenmymomwasbusyinthekitchen,sheletmestayonthebalconywatchingthekidsplayinginthestreet.OnthatbalconyIplayedsometimeswithmyeldersister,Maria.Shewassevenyearsoldandwhenmymomwasabsent,shewaslikeamothertome.Thebalconywasagreathobbyplaceformyfather.Afterhisworkheusedtogrowcarnations(康乃馨)inflowerboxes.Hiscarnationswerered,pinkandwhite,andeveryoneappreciatedthemfortheirbeauty.Hetookcareofthemwithsomuchloveanddevotion.Hedealtcarefullywithhisflowerslikeamothertakingcareofherbaby.ManytimesIsatonthefloorofthebalconyforhoursobservinghimandhislovelyflowerswithpatience.Hewasalwaysdoingsomethingonthatbalcony.Hewaswateringthemeveryday,cleaningthebalconyfloor,changingthepottingsoilandwhenthestemswerethick,strongandhighenough,hestartedhisimprovementoperationattentivelylikeadoctor.Mydadtookatinyknifeandwithhislefthandheheldthestemofthecarnationandmeasuredtheheight.Thenhemadeasmallmarkonthestemwithhisfinger.Afterwardshemadeasharpcutwiththeknife,justenoughtofitinagainofbarley(插穗的芽).Thenhebandagedthestemwithasmallbandage.Hisjobwasthentowatertheplantsandtotakecareofthem.“Nooneshouldtouchthem,”hesaidtoMom.Everyday,whenhecamehomefromworkhewentstraighttothebalcony.Momusedtotellus,“DonottouchDaddy’sflowers.”Forusitwasafascinatingexperiencetowatchhowthesmallstemsweregrowingandmakingflowers.Whenthecarnationshadgrownbigenough,mydadenjoyedwatchingthemeveryday.Wethekidsdidtoo.注意：公众号：全元高考1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph1：Oneday,myeldersister,wholovedDadverymuch,hadagreatidea.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________,_________________________________________________________________Paragraph2：Whenmydadarrived,hewentasusual,straighttothebalconyandsawhisflowerslyingonthefloorlikedeadanimals._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Apossibleversion:Paragraph1：Oneday,myeldersister,wholovedDadverymuch,hadagreatidea.Sheproposedustopickthebestoutofthecarnationssothatdadcouldappreciateitforeverthanhavetoplantithard.Wewenttothebalcony,hopingtoselectoutthebestandmostlovelyone.Whiledoingso,however,Mariaaccidentallyfell,bruisingherknees.Whatwasworse,manyflowerswerealsoknockeddown,leavingthebalconyinamessandthemajorityoftheflowersoutofshape.Despitethis,wemanagedtopicktheveryflowerswewantedandwaitednervouslyanduneasilyforthefather’sarrivalandhisresponse.Paragraph2：Whenmydadarrived,hewentasusual,straighttothebalconyandsawhisflowerslyingonthefloorlikedeadanimals.Innotime,hegotannoyedandstormedintoourroom,questioningusinglarewhoitwasthatmadesuchamessofhisflowers.Insteadofcrying,braveMariaheldouttheflowersandexplainedwhatwemeanttodoandhowitendedupthisway.Shewasafraidthatdadmightpunishher,butatthesametimeshehopedthatdadwouldsmileatourwarmactions.Deeplytouched,dadheldtheflowerstightlyandgently,andimmediatelygatheredusintohisarms,saying,“Youaremybestflowers!”【解析】公众号：全元高考【分析】这篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，作者家有一个阳台，这个阳台是他和他姐姐的玩耍的小天地，但更是爸爸的养植他心爱花的地方。爸爸每天下班回家就会去阳台那里照料他的花朵。【详解】续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：一天，爱着爸爸的姐姐有了一个好的主意……，所以应该写姐姐的这个主意是什么，应该怎么做来实现这个想法。要详细描述姐姐有这样想法的原因，姐姐和我怎么做，做了什么来实现这个姐姐的这个想法。第二段开头是：爸爸回家后，像往常一样直奔阳台，看到了他的花像死去的动物一样躺在那里……，这里应该写爸爸看到阳台的一片狼藉后做了些什么。爸爸看到阳台的花被弄的一片狼藉，感到十分愤怒，找到我和姐姐质问我们为什么会变成这样，勇敢的姐姐解释了这样做的初衷，但因为意外导致现在这样的状况并向爸爸道歉，当他们忐忑地等待着爸爸的责骂时，爸爸却是,感动地把他们揽在怀里深情地说道：“你们就是我最好的花朵。”续写时要求根据所给文章和段落开头，写一篇完整的短文，且所续写短文的词数应为150左右。按要求完成写作任务。【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：proposesbtodo，whatwasworse，inamess，storminto等高级词汇；目的状语从句sothatdadcouldappreciateitforeverthanhavetoplantithard， whatwemeanttodoandhowitendedupthisway.两个并列宾语从句，questioningusinglarewhoitwasthatmadesuchamessofhisflowers. 非谓语引导的伴随状语。