浙江省普通高中2023-2024高三英语8月尖子生深研模拟首考专用试题（Word版附解析）

浙江省普通高中2023年8月尖子生深研模拟(高三英语首考专用)高三年级英语试题考生须知：本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)。满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。第一部分听力(共两节，20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whencanthewomantakeavacation?A.AttheendofAugust.B.AttheendofJune.C.Thisweek.2.Whatisthewomantryingtodo?A.Holdapartyfortheman.B.Comforttheman.C.Apologizetotheman.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theman’shobby.B.AholidaydiscussionC.Theirchildhoodmemories4.Whatistheman’sopiniononBritishfood?A.IndifferentB.SensitiveC.Splendid5.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Intheevening.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6，7题。6.Whydoesthewomanwanttogoabroad?A.Toattendauniversity.B.Totakeajourney.C.Togetworkexperience.7.Whatdoesthemanthinkofgoingabroad?A.Expensive.B.worthless.C.Time-consuming.听第7段材料，回答第8，9题。8.Whatconcernsthewoman?第25页/共25页学科网（北京）股份有限公司,A.Shedoesn’thaveadequateexpenses.B.Shewantsapackagetoarriveontime.C.Shecan’tsparetimetogotoabirthdayparty.9.Howmuchwillthewomanpay?A.$6.B.$12.C.$24.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Doingasurvey.B.Havinganinterview.C.Sharingworkexperience.11.Whatdoesthewomancaremostabout?A.Theduty.B.Theworkinghours.C.Thechanceofpromotion.12.Whatcanwelearnabouttheworkinghours?A.They’relong.B.They’reregular.C.They’reflexible.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Wheredoesthemanlive?A.Inacity.B.IntheHighlandofScotland.C.IntheLakeDistrict.14.Whatdoweknowaboutmodernmountainrunningraces?A.Theyareindependentevents.B.Theytakeplaceatfairsorduringfestivals.C.Theyhaven’tgotanysupportfromthegovernment.15.WhatdoesthemansayabouttheDragon’sBackRace?A.Itcoversadistanceof200kilometers.B.Itonlyallowscertainpeopletodotherun.C.Itisnotaschallengingassomeothercourses.16.Whatdoesthemansuggestbeginnersdo?A.Trytoenterraces.B.Beginwitheasyruns.C.Learnabouttheracegradingsystem.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatwasthespeakermostsatisfiedwithintheforest?A.Themeals.B.Thelivingplace.C.Thesuitableweather.18.Whatdidthespeakerenjoydoing?A.Guidingtourists.B.Clearingthepathintheforest.第25页/共25页学科网（北京）股份有限公司,C.Collectinginformationforamap.19.Whatsoundmadethespeakersurprisedinthemorning?A.Thebirds’brilliantsinging.B.Therabbits’runningaround.C.Thewind’sblowingthroughthegrass.20.Whatdoesoneneedtoprepareforthetrip?A.Aprofessionaltent.B.Specialboots.C.Theflightfare.第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIt’seasytoassumethatavacationtoBaliwillcostasmallfortune.Thereareplentyofaccommodations,foodandlocaltransportation,andeventhespasoffermassagesandtreatmentsatvalueprices.However,youcaneasilyspendaweekortwoinBaliforunder$2,000,withouthavingtosleeponthebeach.HereareafewthingstoconsiderwhenplanningBalionabudget.WhatisthebesttimetovisitBalionabudget?Ifyou’reonabudget,considervisitingBaliduringthelower,wetterseason,whichrunsfromOctoberthroughMarch.Thecrowdswillbefewer,andbothhotelratesandflightsfromabroadareoftencheaper,exceptduringtheholidayperiodbetweenmid-DecemberandearlyJanuary,whencrowdsswell.Theonlytrade-offforthelowerpricesisthewetseason.Thistimeofyearisn’talwaysidealforsunbathing,andseriousrainfallcanmakeoutdooractivities,suchaswhitewaterraftingandvisitingwaterfallsandriceterraces,lessthanappealing.Thatsaid,evenduringrainyseason,itdoesn’tusuallyrainalldaylong.Expectburstsofsunshinebetweenthestorms.WhatisthecheapestwaytogetaroundBali?TheabsolutecheapestwaytogetaroundBaliisbylocalbus,butitcantakealongtime.Therearealsotouristbuses,includinghop-on,hop-offoptions,thattravelbetweendifferenthubsacrosstheisland.Baliiswell-servedbytaxis,bothofthecarandmotorbikevariety,andthepricestendtobeaffordablebyinternationalstandards.Mostdriverswillofferyouafixedrateforfull-dayhiresortogetfrompointAtopointB,ratherthanusingameter.Remembertobargain;doingsoisparticularlyeasywhenadriverisonhisownratherthanatataxistand.HowmuchdoesfoodcostinBali?Ifyou’reintofinedining,youcanendupspendingalargechunkofyourbudgetonfood.EatingattheaveragerestaurantgearedtowardstouristsisthebestwaytohaveamealinBalionabudget.Agoodmealshouldcostyou第25页/共25页学科网（北京）股份有限公司,around100,000rupiah(around$7),butifyou’rewillingtosubsistmostlyoffoflocalspecialtiessuchasnasigoreng(friedrice)andeatatlocalrestaurants,youcanexpecttopayaround30,000rupiah($2)togetfed.Bestofall,mosthotelsandguesthousesinBalicomewithfreebreakfast,andmanyofferheavieroptionsofnoodlesandmeatthatmaykeepyoufulluntillunch.1.Whichofthefollowingsituationcanbebestdescribedbytheunderlinedwordtrade-offinparagraph2?A.Jackgotarewardafterhereturnedthelostbagtoitsowner.B.Lilyspentmuchmoneybuyingsomehandicraftsatthelocalfair.C.Wendycancelledhertripinordertopreventthespreadofthevirus.D.Samwasscoldedbyhisparentsforwhathedidinschoollastnight.2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.It’sbetterforoutdoorenthusiaststovisitBaliduringtheoffseason.B.Passengershadbetterfixthepricewithdriversbeforethetaxipullsoutfromthestation.C.Ifonatightbudget,oneisadvisedtovisitBaliattheendofDecembereveryyear.D.It’srelativelyeconomicaltoeatmerelyataveragerestaurantstailoredtovisitors.3.Inwhichcolumnofamagazinecanyoumostprobablyfindthispassage?A.CityandTransport.B.TravelandRecreation.C.NatureandEnvironment.D.FoodandHealth.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三个去巴厘岛度假省钱的办法。【1题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“Thistimeofyearisn’talwaysidealforsunbathing,andseriousrainfallcanmakeoutdooractivities,suchaswhitewaterraftingandvisitingwaterfallsandriceterraces,lessthanappealing.(每年的这个时候并不总是日光浴的理想时间，而且严重的降雨会使户外活动，如漂流、参观瀑布和梯田，没有吸引力)”可知，价格下降的原因是雨季这一代价。划线词意为“代价”。故C选项“为了防止病毒的传播，温迪取消了她的旅行”最能描述画线词，温迪以失去旅行为代价，换取防止病毒传播。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“EatingattheaveragerestaurantgearedtowardstouristsisthebestwaytohaveamealinBalionabudget.(要想在巴厘岛省钱，在一家面向游客的普通餐厅吃饭是最好的办法)”结合选项可知，在为游客量身定制的普通餐厅吃饭相对经济省钱。故选D。【3题详解】第25页/共25页学科网（北京）股份有限公司,推理判断题。根据第一段“It’seasytoassumethatavacationtoBaliwillcostasmallfortune.Thereareplentyofaccommodations,foodandlocaltransportation,andeventhespasoffermassagesandtreatmentsatvalueprices.However,youcaneasilyspendaweekortwoinBaliforunder$2,000,withouthavingtosleeponthebeach.HereareafewthingstoconsiderwhenplanningBalionabudget.(人们很容易认为去巴厘岛度假会花一大笔钱。这里有充足的住宿，食物和当地交通，甚至水疗中心提供合理价位的按摩和治疗。然而，你也可以花不到2000美元在巴厘岛度过一两个星期，甚至不用在海滩上睡觉。以下是在规划巴厘岛预算时需要考虑的一些事情)”结合文章主要介绍了三个去巴厘岛度假省钱的办法。可推知，你最可能在杂志的“旅游和娱乐”专栏里找到这篇文章。故选B。BElianaYidreamedofpursuingpianoperformanceincollege,nevermindthatherfingerscouldbarelyreachthelengthofanoctave(八度音阶).UnabletofullyplaymanyworksbyRomantic-eracomposers,includingBeethovenandBrahms,shetriedanyway—andinherdeterminationtospendhourspracticingoneofChopin’scompositionswhichisknownforbeing“stretchy”,woundupinjuringherself.“Iwouldjustgotopieces,”theSouthernMethodistUniversityjuniorrecalled.“Therewerejusttoomanyoctaves.IwonderedwhetherIwasjustgoingtoplayBachandMozartfortherestofmylife.”TheeffortsofSMUkeyboardstudieschairCarolLeonearechangingallthat.Twentyyearsago,theschoolbecamethefirstmajoruniversityintheU.S.toincorporatesmallerkeyboardsintoitsmusicprogram,levelingtheplayingfieldforYiandotherpianomajors.Yireflectedonthefirsttimeshetriedoneofthesmallerkeyboards:“Irememberbeingreallyexcitedbecausemyhandscouldactuallyreachandplayalltherightnotes,”shesaid.Eversince,“Ihaven’thadasingleinjury,andIcanpracticeaslongasIwant.”Fordecades,fewquestionedthesizeoftheconventionalpiano.Ifsomeone’shandspanwaslessthan8.5inches—thedistanceconsideredidealtocomfortablyplayanoctave—well,that’sjusthowitwas.Thosewhoattempt“stretchy”passageseithergetusedtoomittingnotesorrisktendon(腱)injurywithrepeatedplay.Leoneisfamiliarwithsuchchallenges.Bornintoafamilyofjazzmusicians,sheinsteadfavoredclassicalmusicandpursuedpianodespitehersmallhandspanandearnedadoctorateinmusicalarts.AfewyearsafterjoiningSMU’smusicfacultyin1996,thedecoratedpianistreadanarticleinPianoandKeyboardmagazineaboutthesmallerkeyboards.AsLeonewouldlaterwrite,thediscoverywouldcompletelyrenewherlifeandcareer.In2000,shereceivedagranttoretrofitadepartmentSteinwaytoaccommodateasmallerkeyboard,andthebenefitswereimmediate.Inadditiontorelievinginjurycausedbyoverextendedfingers,shesaid,itgavethosewith第25页/共25页学科网（北京）股份有限公司,smallerspanstheabilitytoplayclassiccompositionstakenforgrantedbylarger-handedcounterparts.Smallerkeyboardsinstillmanywithnewconfidence.It’snottheirownlimitationsthathaveheldthemback,theyrealize;it’sthelimitationsoftheinstrumentsthemselves.Forthosedevotedtoalifeofmakingmusic,it’sasifacloudhassuddenlylifted.4.WhatisthesimilaritybetweenElianaYiandCarolLeone?A.Theirinterestinjazzextendedtoclassicalmusic.B.Shorthandspanusedtorestricttheirmusiccareer.C.TheybothjoinedSMU’smusicfacultyyearsago.D.Romantic-eracomposers’musicwaseasyforthem.5.WhydidSMUinitiateanefforttoscaledownthepiano?A.Toreducethenumberofoctaves.B.ToincorporateBachintoitsmusicprogram.C.Toprovidefairopportunitiesforpianomajors.D.Toencouragepianiststospendmorehourspracticing.6.HowdidYiprobablyfeelwhensheplayedtheretrofittedpiano?A.Confident.B.Frustrated.C.Challenging.D.Determined.7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.WhoQualifiesasanIdealPianist?B.TraditionalorInnovativePiano?C.Hard-workingPianistsPaysoffD.TheStorybehindRetrofittedPianos【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了南方卫理公会大学的音乐系教授CarolLeone如何引入小钢琴键盘来改变钢琴教育的现状和ElianaYi使用小钢琴键盘的经历。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“ElianaYidreamedofpursuingpianoperformanceincollege,nevermindthatherfingerscouldbarelyreachthelengthofanoctave(八度音阶).(ElianaYi在大学时梦想着从事钢琴演奏，尽管她的手指几乎达不到一个八度音程的长度。)”以及第二段中““Iwouldjustgotopieces,”theSouthernMethodistUniversityjuniorrecalled.“Therewerejusttoomanyoctaves.IwonderedwhetherIwasjustgoingtoplayBachandMozartfortherestofmylife.”(“我会崩溃，”这位南卫理公会大学的大三学生回忆说。“八第25页/共25页学科网（北京）股份有限公司,度太多了。我想知道我的余生是否只会演奏巴赫和莫扎特。”)”以及第六段中“Leoneisfamiliarwithsuchchallenges.Bornintoafamilyofjazzmusicians,sheinsteadfavoredclassicalmusicandpursuedpianodespitehersmallhandspanandearnedadoctorateinmusicalarts.(LeoneLeone对这些挑战很熟悉。她出生在一个爵士音乐家的家庭，但她更喜欢古典音乐，并且尽管她的手指距离较小，她还是选择了追求钢琴，并获得了音乐艺术博士学位。)”可知，短手距限制了她们的音乐事业，这是ElianaYi和CarolLeone之间的相似之处。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Twentyyearsago,theschoolbecamethefirstmajoruniversityintheU.S.toincorporatesmallerkeyboardsintoitsmusicprogram,levelingtheplayingfieldforYiandotherpianomajors.(20年前，该校成为美国第一所将小型键盘纳入音乐课程的主要大学，为Yi和其他钢琴专业的学生创造了公平的竞争环境。)”可知，SMU将将小型键盘纳入音乐课程是为Yi和其他钢琴专业的学生创造了公平的竞争环境。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Smallerkeyboardsinstillmanywithnewconfidence.It’snottheirownlimitationsthathaveheldthemback,theyrealize;it’sthelimitationsoftheinstrumentsthemselves.(更小的键盘给许多人注入了新的信心。他们意识到，阻碍他们前进的不是他们自身的局限；这是仪器本身的局限性。)”可知，当她弹奏这架改装过的钢琴时，她感觉到非常有信心。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要讲述了南方卫理公会大学的音乐系教授CarolLeone如何引入小钢琴键盘来改变钢琴教育的现状。过去，人们对于传统钢琴的尺寸几乎没有质疑，导致手指长度不够的人无法舒适地演奏八度音阶。然而，通过引入小钢琴键盘，这些人可以更轻松地演奏，并且不再受到手指过度伸展而导致的伤害。这一改变不仅让那些手指长度较短的人有了更多的机会演奏经典作品，也给他们带来了新的信心和动力。D选项“TheStorybehindRetrofittedPianos(改装钢琴背后的故事)”概括文章主要内容。故选D。CTheurgencyandimportanceofCovid-19over(hepastyearhavedrivenalmosteverythingelsefrommostleaders5minds.Butsincethevaccineiskickingin,Britain'sgovernmentisonceagainbeginningtothinkaboutthethingsthatwillmatterlater.Nextweek,itisexpectedtopublisha'planforgrowth“toboostproductivity,withinnovationatitscentre.Theworldmaybeonthepointofatechnologicalboomwithlifesciences,atwhichBritainexcels.Innovationiscrucialtoproductivity,butonthisfrontBritain'sperformancehaslaggedbehinditscompetitors'inrecentyears.第25页/共25页学科网（北京）股份有限公司,ItslowspendingonResearchandDevelopment(R&D)arguesforaboost.Thosewhoattributedthefinancialfailureinthe1970stotheinsufficiencyofresearchfundsmayregardthisasathreattoeconomicgrowth.Promotinginnovationcanquickly(umintoanexerciseinpickingwinners-or,asismoreoftenthecase,losers.Aseconddangeristhatpolicyagendasgetmixedup.Thegovernmenthaspromisedto"levelup”poorerareasofthecountry,sodeprivedtownsarecampaigningformoremoneyfortheiruniversities.Buttryingtoboostinnovationbysendingmoneytoweakinstitutionsislikelytomakeourleadinguniversitieslosetheiradvantages,thusproducingaverageideasthatcouldhavebeenremarkable.Britain'sresearch-fundingsystemhasalwaysbeenelitist(精英主义的).Itshouldstaythatway.Thegovernment'sfirstmoveinboostinginnovationwastheannouncementofaplanforanAdvancedResearchandInventionAgency(ARIA).ARlA'spurposeistofundhigh-risk,high-rewardresearch.Butmoneyisnotallthatmailers.Thesuccessfultranslationoflifescienceresearchintotreatmentsduringthepandemicsuggestssomeinexpensivemeasuresthatcanalsomakeadifference.Oneistospeedupgovernmentalprocesses.TherapiditywithwhichBritain'smedicalregulatormovedduringthepandemicisonereasonwhythevaccinerolloutisracingthroughthepopulation.Urgencyisnotuniquelopandemics.Gettingthingsdonequicklycanmakeaninvestmentworthwhileanddeterminewhereabusinessmanchoosesasabase.Anotherusefulmeasurethegovernmentshoulduseisitsuniqueabilitytoovercomebarriers.Atthebeginningofthepandemic.Covid-19researcherswereunabletogainaccesstodifferentstrandsofhealthservicedata.ThegovernmenteasedrestrictionsonexistingdataandallowedresearcherstoaskpeoplewhohadtestedpositivetorCovid-19tojointrials.Bothwerecrucialtotheeffort.Alastprincipleisthevalueofconnectionsbetweenthegovernmentandtheprivatesector.KateBinghamaventurecapitalistwholedthevaccine-purchaseeffort,understoodhowtodealwithdrugcompanies.Manyofthecivilservantsworkingwithherhadcommercialexperience.Thegovernmentsclosenesstobusinessduringthepandemichasbeencriticized.Butwithoutit,thevaccineeffortwouldnothavesucceeded.Innovationtookhumanbeingsfromcavestocomputers.Goodeducation,awelcomingimmigrationpolicyandafriendlybusinessenvironmentwilldomosttotendit.Butanewsensibleprinciplescanhelpkeeptheflameburning.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"this"inParagraph2referto?A.Investinginsufficientmoneyininnovation.B.Promotinginnovationintechnology.C.Applyingscienceresultstopracticaluses.D.Distributingfundstoweakinstitutions.第25页/共25页学科网（北京）股份有限公司,9.What'sthepossibleconsequenceoftheBritishgovernment'sattemptto"levelup''poorerareas?A.Britain'sresearch-fundingsystemwillremainelitist.B.Weakinstitutionsaremorelikelytoproduceremarkableresults.C.Theoutstandinguniversitieswillbeunabletoexhibitremarkableideas.D.Bothpoorandrichareasinthecountrywilldevelopinabalancedway.10.Whatcanbeinferredfromthethreeprinciplesputforwardbythewriter?A.Abusinessmanismorewillingtosetupbusinesswheregovernmentsshowhighefficiency.B.Theadministrativeabilitiesaresouniquetothegovernmentthattheyactuallyyieldlittlefruit.C.Thegovernmentceasedthecooperationwithprivatesectorsforthecriticismtheyhadreceived.D.Therolloutofthevaccinewasmadepossiblemainlybecausethepublicrespondedquickly.11.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.HowGovernmentsFueltheSparksofInnovationB.WhytheBritsStruggleintheTechRaceC.HowGovernmentsBenefitfromInnovationD.WhatPeopleGainwiththeLightofTechnology【答案】8.A9.C10.A11.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了英国政府预计并以创新为中心，发布“增长计划”以提高生产力，并着重介绍了创新应该遵守的原则。【8题详解】词义猜测题。由第二段“Thosewhoattributedthefinancialfailureinthe1970stotheinsufficiencyofresearchfundsmayregardthisasathreattoeconomicgrowth.”（那些将70年代的金融失败归因于研究资金不足的人可能将其视为对经济增长的威胁。）由文中这些人归因于资金不足，可知this指代研究资金不足。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。由第三段“Buttryingtoboostinnovationbysendingmoneytoweakinstitutionsislikelytomakeourleadinguniversitieslosetheiradvantages,thusproducingaverageideasthatcouldhavebeenremarkable.”（推行该政策，贫穷的城镇为他们的大学争取更多的资金，但是试图通过向弱势机构捐款来促进创新，这可能会使我们的领先大学失去优势，产出那些本可以卓越的普通想法。）可知，英国政府推行此政策，一些领先大学会失去自身的优势，也就是C项“大学无法展示出卓越的思想”。故选C项。【10题详解】第25页/共25页学科网（北京）股份有限公司,推理判断题。由文章第五段可知，“Oneistospeedupgovernmentalprocesses.TherapiditywithwhichBritain'smedicalregulatormovedduringthepandemicisonereasonwhythevaccinerolloutisracingthroughthepopulation.”（大流行期间，英国医疗监管机构迅速采取行动，是疫苗快速普及的原因之一。）可知，D项“之所以能够推出这种疫苗，主要是因为公众反应迅速。”故D说法不对。后半句“Gettingthingsdonequicklycanmakeaninvestmentworthwhileanddeterminewhereabusinessmanchoosesasabase.”（快速完成工作可以使您值得投资，并确定商人选择作为基地的位置），所以效率高的地方更值得投资。A项“商人更愿意在政府表现出高效率的地方开展业务”。A说法符合题意。由文章倒数第二段“Thegovernmentsclosenesstobusinessduringthepandemichasbeencriticized.Butwithoutit,thevaccineeffortwouldnothavesucceeded.”（大流行期间政府与商业的亲密关系受到了批评。但是，如果没有它，疫苗工作将不会成功。政府和商业进行了合作。）可知政府和商业进行了合作，故C不对。低六段“ThegovernmenteasedrestrictionsonexistingdataandallowedresearcherstoaskpeoplewhohadtestedpositivetorCovid-19tojointrials.Bothwerecrucialtotheeffort.”（政府放宽了对现有数据的限制，并允许研究人员参加对Covid-19呈阳性反应的人试验。两者对于这项工作都是至关重要的。政府的能力在疫情期间是值得肯定的，所以B项“政府的行政能力是如此独特，以至于实际上他们收效甚微。”说法不正确。故选A项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。由文章第一段“Nextweek,itisexpectedtopublisha'planforgrowth“toboostproductivity,withinnovationatitscentre.”（下周，预计将发布“增长计划”以提高生产力，并以创新为中心。以及下文提到的原则。）可知，还有最后一段Goodeducation,awelcomingimmigrationpolicyandafriendlybusinessenvironmentwilldomosttotendit.Butanewsensibleprinciplescanhelpkeeptheflameburning.（良好的教育，热情的移民政策和友善的商业环境将最有助于实现这一目标。但是新的明智原则可以帮助保持火焰燃烧。）可知，全文主要讲创新的原则，应该怎么激发创新，故选A项。DAhandshakeseemstobeanormalgesture.Infact,inthe9thcenturyBC,anancientsiteduringtherulingofShalmaneserIIIclearlyshowstwofiguresholdinghands.TheIliad,usuallydatedtothe8thcenturyBC,mentionsthattwocharacters“takingeachother’shandsandexpressingtheirloyalty.”Centurieslater,ShakespeareoncewroteoftwocharacterswhoshookhandsandsworetobebrothersinthebookAsYouLikeIt.Shakinghandsseemstobeanancientcustomwhoserootshavedisappearedinthesandsoftime.Historianswhohavestudiedancientetiquette(礼仪)booksnotethatthemodemhandshakedidnotappearuntilthemiddleofthe19thcentury,whenitwasconsideredaslightlyinappropriategesturethatcouldonlybeusedbetweenfriends.ButwhatifShakespearehadwrittenabouthandshakinghundredsofyearsearlier?AccordingtoauthorTorbjdmLundmarkinhisTalesofHiandBye:GreetingandPartingRitualsAroundthe第25页/共25页学科网（北京）股份有限公司,World.theproblemcomesindifferingdefinitionsofthehandshake.Theearlyhandshakesmentionedabovewerepartofmakingdealsorpeace;KingShalmaneserIIIreferredtoarebellioninwhichhesignedatreatywiththeKingofBabylon.IntheIliad,DiomedesandGlaucusshookhandswhentheyrealizedtheywereguest-friends,andDiomedesdeclared:66Lefsnottrytokilleachother.Shakespearewassimilarlyreferencingsettlementofaconflict.Themodernhandshakeasaformofgreetingishardertotrace.AsaDutchsociologistHermanRoodenburg—thechiefauthorityforthehistoryofhandshaking——wroteinachapterofananthologycalledACulturalHistoryofGesture,“Morethaninanyotherfield,thatofthestudyofgestureisoneinwhichthehistorianhastomakethemostofonlyafewclues”.Oneoftheearliestclueshecitesisa16th-centuryGermantranslationoftheFrenchwriterRabelais’sGargantuaandPantagruel.WhenonecharactermeetsGargantua,Rabelaiswrites,”Hewasgreetedbycountlesshugsandcountlessgooddays.”ButaccordingtoRoodenburg,the16th-centuryGermantranslationaddedreferencestoshakinghands.ApopularsayingsuggeststhatCleland’sstatementsagainstbowingwereactuallyawishtogobacktoapotentiallytraditionalmethodofgreetinginEurope.Asthecenturiesprogressed,handshakingwasreplacedbymorehierarchical(等级的)waysofgreeting-likebowing.AccordingtoRoodenburg,handshakingsurvivedinafewremoteplaces,likeinDutchtownswheresomewouldusethegesturetomakepeaceafterdisagreements.Aroundthesametime,thosewhovaluedequalityalsomadeuseofhandshaking.Then,astheContinent’shierarchywasweakened,handshakingbecameacommonpracticeamongpeopleofthesamerank,asitistoday.12.WhydoestheauthormentionShakespeareinthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Toprovethatthehistoryofhandshakingishardtofind.B.Toillustratethathandshakingisaveryoldcustom.C.Toshowreadersthathandshakingiscommoninfiction.D.Toexplainthevalueofhandshakingincommunication.13.Whatcanwelearnabouthandshakingfromthepassage?A.Theoriginofhandshakingasaformofgreetingiseasytotrace.B.CitizensusuallyshakehandstoshowfriendlinessinHolland.C.Itwasusedonlybetweenfriendsandtoreachanagreement.D.Itisacommonpracticebetweenpeopleofdifferentsocialpositions.14.Whichofthefollowingissimilarinmeaningto“anthology”inPara.4?A.thescienceofmentalabilityB.acollectionofselectedliterarypassages第25页/共25页学科网（北京）股份有限公司,CadailywrittenrecordofexperiencesD.allthelivingthingsofaparticularregion15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphofthepassage?A.ThehandshakehasdisappearedinsomeremotepartsoftheNetherlands.B.HandshakinghasdifferentmeaningsindifferentEuropeancountries.C.Handshakesarenowcommonbetweenpeopleofdifferentpositions.D.MostEuropeansprefertoshakehandsowingtotheweakeningeffectofrank.【答案】12.B13.C14.B15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，这篇文章主要讲述了握手这一古老的礼仪习俗的起源和演变。最后，文章指出握手在欧洲逐渐被鞠躬等更具等级意味的问候方式取代，但在一些地方仍然保留下来，并逐渐成为同等地位人们之间的常见问候方式。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Centurieslater,ShakespeareoncewroteoftwocharacterswhoshookhandsandsworetobebrothersinthebookAsYouLikeIt.Shakinghandsseemstobeanancientcustomwhoserootshavedisappearedinthesandsoftime.(几个世纪后，莎士比亚曾在《皆大欢喜》中描写两个人物握手并发誓要成为兄弟。握手似乎是一种古老的习俗，其根源已消失在时间的长河中。)”以及第二段中“ButwhatifShakespearehadwrittenabouthandshakinghundredsofyearsearlier?(但是，如果莎士比亚早在几百年前就写过握手呢？)”可知，第一段和第二段中通过莎士比亚对于握手这个习俗早已存在，其存在根源消失在历史的长河中，但是通过莎士比亚笔下可以说明握手是这个习俗是非常古老的，在其存在的几百年前，就已经记录过。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Historianswhohavestudiedancientetiquette(礼仪)booksnotethatthemodemhandshakedidnotappearuntilthemiddleofthe19thcentury,whenitwasconsideredaslightlyinappropriategesturethatcouldonlybeusedbetweenfriends.(研究古代礼仪书籍的历史学家指出，现代握手直到19世纪中叶才出现，当时它被认为是一种稍微不合适的手势，只能在朋友之间使用。)”可知，对于握手这个习俗直到19世纪中叶才出现，当时它被认为是一种稍微不合适的手势，只能在朋友之间使用。同时根据第四段中“Theearlyhandshakesmentionedabovewerepartofmakingdealsorpeace(上面提到的早期握手是达成协议或和平的一部分)”以及“Shakespearewassimilarlyreferencingsettlementofaconflict.(莎士比亚也同样提到了冲突的解决。)”可知，握手曾经只在朋友之间使用，并且用来达成协议。故选C。第25页/共25页学科网（北京）股份有限公司,【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词后面的内容“ACulturalHistoryofGesture(手势的文化史)”以及“Morethaninanyotherfield,thatofthestudyofgestureisoneinwhichthehistorianhastomakethemostofonlyafewclues(在手势研究领域，历史学家只需要充分利用少数线索，这一点在其他任何领域都不常见)”可知，荷兰社会学家赫尔曼·卢登堡所撰写的著作即《手势的文化史》中的一个章节指出在手势研究领域，历史学家只需要充分利用少数线索，这一点在其他任何领域都不常见的事实。故划线词表示荷兰社会学家赫尔曼·卢登堡所撰写文章的精选的文学段落，其与B为同义词。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Aroundthesametime,thosewhovaluedequalityalsomadeuseofhandshaking.Then,astheContinent’shierarchywasweakened,handshakingbecameacommonpracticeamongpeopleofthesamerank,asitistoday.(大约在同一时期，那些重视平等的人也会使用握手。然后，随着欧洲大陆的等级制度被削弱，握手成为同一等级的人之间的一种普遍做法，就像今天一样。)”可知，大多数欧洲人更喜欢握手，因为等级的影响越来越弱。故选D。第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分;满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AcrossAsiamanypeoplehavejustwitnessedthenaturalwonderthatisatotalsolareclipse.___16___Thisweek’stotaleclipsecouldbeseenineasternIndiabeforeslowlymovingacrossBurma,Bangladesh,Bhutan,China,Japan,andthePacificOcean.Yesterday,whenitreachedeasternChina,peopleflocked(聚集)intothestreetstowitnesstheastronomicalwonder.Asdaylightdisappearedandtheskyquicklydarkened.___17___CitiessuchasShanghaiwereplungedinto(陷入)darknessduringwhatisthoughttobethelongesttotaleclipseofthe21stcentury.Itlasted6minutesand39seconds.Totalsolareclipsesofsuchalongdurationareveryrareevents.___18___ShaoZhenyi,anastronomerattheShanghaiAstronomicalObservatoryinChinaexplained:“We’llhavetowaitafewhundredyearsforanotheropportunitytoobserveasolareclipsethatlaststhislong?soit’saveryspecialopportunity.‘‘Butwhilemillionscelebratethisphenomenon,itshouldberememberedthattotaleclipseshavenotalwaysbeensuchtreasuredevents.Manyculturestraditionallybelievedthatatotaleclipsewasabadomen(凶兆)orasupernaturalevent.___19___Othersbelievedthattheeclipsesignifiedoncomingdisasters.Nowadaysitappearsthatthesefearsandsuperstitions(迷信)arelongforgotten.AsdaylightonceagainfloodedAsiancitiessuchasShanghai,whoopsandcheerscouldbeheardamongthegatheredcrowds.第25页/共25页学科网（北京）股份有限公司,Reflectingonwhathadjusthappened,oneShanghairesidentdescribedtheeclipseas“eerie”(怪诞的，奇异的),whileanothersaid“It’slikemagic,thedayturnsintonightinsuchashortperiodoftime.IhavenoideawhereIamrightnow.___20___.“A.Itfeelslikeadifferentworld.B.Theyhappenbutonceinalifetime.C.Thosewatchingwereleftfarfromdisappointed.D.SomebelievedthatevilgodswereeatingtheSun.E.Peoplewerefrightenedbythesuddendarkness.F.Somepeoplethoughtitwasanaturalwonder.G.AtotalsolareclipseoccurswhentheSun,MoonandEarthlineupinsuchawaythatourviewoftheSunistotallyhiddenbytheMoon.【答案】16.G17.C18.B19.D20.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了此次21世纪最长日全食的情况，整个日全食过程持续了6分39秒。如此长时间的日全食是非常罕见的事件，想要再次看到可能还得等上几百年。还介绍了历史上人们对于日全食的不同看法。【16题详解】根据上文AcrossAsiamanypeoplehavejustwitnessedthenaturalwonderthatisatotalsolareclipse.可知亚洲各地的许多人刚刚目睹了日全食这一自然奇观。由此可知，上文提到了日全食的景象，本句应当是说明这一现象发生的原因。故G选项“当太阳、月球和地球排成一条直线时，我们看到的太阳完全被月球遮住了，日全食就发生了”符合语境，故选G。【17题详解】根据后文CitiessuchasShanghaiwereplungedinto(陷入)darknessduringwhatisthoughttobethelongesttotaleclipseofthe21stcentury.Itlasted6minutesand39seconds.可知在这场被认为是21世纪持续时间最长的日全食中，上海等城市陷入了黑暗之中。整个过程持续了6分39秒。由此可知，这次日全食是21世纪持续时间最长的，所以那些观看日全食的人不会失望。故C选项“那些观看的人远远没有失望”符合语境，故选C。【18题详解】根据后文ShaoZhenyi,anastronomerattheShanghaiAstronomicalObservatoryinChinaexplained:“We’llhavetowaitafewhundredyearsforanotheropportunitytoobserveasolareclipsethatlaststhislong?soit’saveryspecialopportunity.”可知中国上海天文台的天文学家邵振义解释说:“我们必须等待几百年才能有机会观测第25页/共25页学科网（北京）股份有限公司,到持续这么久的日食。所以这是一个非常特殊的机会。”由此可知，再次看到这么久的日食需要等待几百年，所以这是一生只有一次的机会。故B选项“一生只有一次”符合语境，故选B。【19题详解】根据后文Othersbelievedthattheeclipsesignifiedoncomingdisasters.可知另一些人认为日食预示着即将到来的灾难。由此可知，本句与后文都是在说明人们对这一现象的看法，其中D选项中some可与后文others构成对应，some…others…“一些人……另一些人……”。故D选项“有些人相信邪恶的神正在吃太阳”符合语境，故选D。【20题详解】根据上文Reflectingonwhathadjusthappened,oneShanghairesidentdescribedtheeclipseas“eerie”(怪诞的，奇异的),whileanothersaid“It’slikemagic,thedayturnsintonightinsuchashortperiodoftime.IhavenoideawhereIamrightnow.可知在反思刚刚发生的事情时，一位上海居民形容日食“可怕”，而另一位说“这就像魔术一样，在这么短的时间内白天就变成了黑夜。我不知道我现在在哪里。”由此可知，本句承接上文说明，日食给人一种进入了不同世界的感觉。故A选项“感觉就像进入了一个不同的世界”符合语境，故选A。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Girlsarebetteratreadingandwritingthanboysasearlyasfourthgrade,accordingtoastudy,andthegapcontinuestowidenuntilsenioryear.Scientistsgenerallyagreethatboysandgirlsarepsychologicallymorealikethantheyaredifferent.Butreadingseemstobea(n)____21____,withgrowingevidencesuggestingasimilar____22____inwriting.Thestudy,publishedinthejournalAmericanPsychologist,providedfurther____23____tosupportthisview.DavidReillyleadauthorofthestudy,saidthestudy____24____thecommonlyheldviewthatboysandgirlsstartgradeschoolwiththesamecognitiveabilities.“Itappearsthatthegendergapforwritingtaskshasbeengreatly____25____,anddespiteourbesteffortswithchangesinteachingmethods,thatdoesnotappeartobe____26____overtime,”hesaid.Factorsexplainingtheresultscouldincludelearning____27____beingmoreprevalentamongboys;thepressuretoconformtomasculineidealsandtheideaofreadingandlanguagebeing____28____;andslightdifferencesinhowboysandgirlsusetheirbrainhemispheres(半球),theauthorsbelieve.第25页/共25页学科网（北京）股份有限公司,Toinvestigatehow____29____levelsdifferedbetweenboysandgirlsintheU.S.,theteamstudieddatacollectedoverthreedecadesintheNationalAssessmentofEducationalProgress.Thisdatabaseoftestscoresonover3millionstudentsinthefourth,eighth,andtwelfthgrades_____30_____nationalandstateperformancesinarangeofsubjects,andconsideredsuchvariablessuchasdisabilitiesorwhetherchildrenwereEnglishlearners.Readingandwritingwas_____31_____accordingtochildren’sunderstandingofarangeofdifferentpassagesandgenres._____32_____,girlswerefoundtoperformsignificantlybetterinreadingandwritingtestsbyfourthgradewhencomparedwithboysofthesameage.Aschildrenprogressedtoeighthandtwelfthgrades,girlscontinuedto_____33_____boys,butthedifferencewasmorenoticeableinwritingthanreading.Butwhatcausedthisdifferenceinabilities?Evidencesuggests_____34_____problems,suchasbeingdisruptiveinclassorbeingaggressivecouldbelinkedtoneurologicalconditions.Whatisknownaslateralization(偏侧化)couldalsoplayarole.Boysarebelievedtouseonehemispherewhenreadingorwriting,whilegirlsappeartouseboth.Thedatadidnot,however,provideevidencetoargue_____35_____thetwogendershavingdifferentlearningstyles.21.A.distinctionB.exceptionC.objectionD.limitation22.A.patternB.standardC.circumstanceD.feature23.A.strategyB.signalC.signD.evidence24.A.confirmedB.representedC.questionedD.introduced25.A.underestimatedB.overemphasizedC.underrepresentedD.justified26.A.increasingB.promotingC.acceptingD.reducing27.A.objectivesB.drillsC.difficultiesD.advantages28.A.innovativeB.feminineC.challengingD.fictional29.A.literacyB.literaryC.academicD.cognitive30.A.pulleddownB.settleddownC.turneddownD.brokedown31.A.grantedB.measuredC.designedD.engineered32.A.LikewiseB.OverallC.HoweverD.Besides33.A.overtakeB.discourageC.parallelD.distinguish34.A.psychologicalB.emotionalC.behavioralD.mental35.A.inlinewithB.atthemercyofC.onaccountofD.infavorof【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.A26.D27.C28.B29.A30.D31.B32.B33.A34.C35.D【解析】第25页/共25页学科网（北京）股份有限公司,这是一篇说明文。主要通过研究表明相比男孩，女孩的阅读和写作能力更佳，并分析了产生这种现象可能的原因。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但阅读似乎是个例外，越来越多的证据表明，写作也有类似的模式。A.distinction差别；区别；B.exception例外；C.objection发对；D.limitation限制。上文“Scientistsgenerallyagreethatboysandgirlsarepsychologicallymorealikethantheyaredifferent.”表明，科学家们认为，男孩和女孩在心理上是更相似的。此句与上句转折，说明此处要表达的是男孩与女孩不相似的的方面——阅读，也就是说阅读是一个例外，故选B。22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A.pattern模式；B.standard标准；C.circumstance环境；D.feature特色。结合上题分析可知，科学家认为男孩和女孩是很相似的，但是阅读是一个例外，所以此处表达的是写作也和阅读一样，有相似的模式，也是个例外，是男孩和女孩有差异的方面，故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这项发表在《美国心理学家》杂志上的研究为支持这一观点提供了进一步的证据。A.strategy策略；B.signal信号；C.sign迹象；标志；D.evidence证据。根据空后“tosupportthisview”可知，用来支持观点的，应该是证据，故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这项研究的主要作者DavidReilly说，这项研究质疑了人们普遍认为的男孩和女孩在上小学时认知能力相同的观点。A.confirmed证实；B.represented代表；C.questioned质疑；D.introduced介绍。根据第一段中“Girlsarebetteratreadingandwritingthanboysasearlyasfourthgrade,accordingtoastudy,andthegapcontinuestowidenuntilsenioryear.”可知，一项研究表明早在四年级，女生的阅读和写作能力就比男生强。再根据空后宾语，人们认为男孩和女孩在上小学时认知能力相同，可知此处表达这项研究是质疑了这个观点，故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说：“看上去写作任务上的性别差异被极大的低估了，尽管我们在教学方法的改进方面做出了最大的努力，但随着时间的推移，该差异似乎并未渐渐减小。”A.underestimated低估；B.overemphasized过多强调；C.underrepresented代表不足；D.justified证明……正确。结合上题分析可知，人们普遍认为男孩和女孩在上小学时认知能力相同，而研究却表明男孩和女孩在读写方面是有差异的，所以此处表达是这种差异是被低估的，故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A.increasing增加；B.promoting促进；提升；C.accepting接受；第25页/共25页学科网（北京）股份有限公司,D.reducing减少。根据此句中的介词“尽管”以及句意，可知，此处要表达尽管在教学方法改进方面做了最大的努力，但是差异并没有减少，故选D。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作者认为，解释这一结果的因素可能包括学习困难在男孩中更为普遍；男孩面临遵循男性化标准的压力，认为阅读是女性的技能；男孩和女孩使用大脑半球的方式也略有不同。A.objectives目标；B.drills培训；C.difficulties困难；D.advantages优势。结合上面小题分析可知，女孩在读写方面能力比男孩强，此段分析了这种情况的原因，既然男孩读写方面能力相对来说弱，那么可能他们学习的困难更普遍，故选C。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A.innovative创新的；B.feminine女性的；C.challenging挑战性的；D.fictional虚构的。结合上题分析可知，此段是分析男孩读写方面能力弱的这种结果的原因，所以此处表达的是，男孩面临男性化标准的压力，认为阅读和语言是女性的技能，所以就不太注重阅读和语言，是造成这种结果的原因之一，故选B。【29题详解】考查名词/形容词词义辨析。句意：为了调查美国男孩和女孩的读写水平的差异，研究小组研究了30多年来在国家教育进展评估中收集的数据。A.literacy读写能力；B.literary文学的；C.academic学术的；D.cognitive认知的。根据文章第一段“Girlsarebetteratreadingandwritingthanboysasearlyasfourthgrade,accordingtoastudy,andthegapcontinuestowidenuntilsenioryear.”可知，早在四年级，女生的阅读和写作能力就比男生强，所以此处表达的是为了调查男孩和女孩的读写水平的差异，此空是名词作定语，故选A。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这一数据库收集了超过300万名四、八、十二年级学生的考试成绩，将他们在国家和州的一系列科目上的表现进行了细分，并考虑了诸如残疾或儿童是否是英语学习者等变量。A.pulleddown拆毁；降低；B.settleddown安定下来；C.turneddown调小；拒绝；D.brokedown将……分成若干部分；分解。根据句意以及上题分析，可知为了调查美国男孩和女孩的读写能力的差异，研究小组研究了一些数据，这些数据详细划分了学生在国家和州的科目上的具体表现，还考虑到一些变量，就是为了让调查结果更准确，故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：阅读和写作是根据儿童对不同文章的段落和体裁的理解来衡量的。A.granted同意；B.measured测量；衡量；C.designed设计；D.engineered设计制造。根据句意以及选项的含义，可知，此处表达的是根据儿童对不同文章的段落和体裁的理解，阅读和写作被衡量，故选B。第25页/共25页学科网（北京）股份有限公司,【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：总的来说，与同龄男孩相比，女孩在四年级的阅读和写作测试中表现得更好。A.Likewise同样地；B.Overall总体上；C.However但是；D.Besides此外。此空副词作状语，修饰整个句子，根据空后句意——与同龄男孩相比，女孩在四年级的阅读和写作测试中表现得更好，可知，这是整体上的一种情况，故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着孩子们升入八年级和十二年级，女生继续超过男生，但这种差异在写作方面比阅读方面更为明显。A.overtake超过；赶上；B.discourage阻拦；使灰心；C.parallel比得上；与……相似；D.distinguish区分；辨别。结合上文文意可知，早在四年级，女生的阅读和写作能力就比男生强，而且差距还会进一步加大，可知此处表达的是随着孩子们升入八年级和十二年级，女生继续超过男生，故选A。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有证据表明，行为问题，如课堂上的破坏性行为或攻击性行为，可能与神经系统疾病有关。A.psychological心理的；B.emotional感情的；C.behavioral有关行为的；D.mental精神的。根据空后的举例“suchasbeingdisruptiveinclassorbeingaggressive”可知，此处表达的是如课堂上的破坏性行为或攻击性行为的行为问题，故选C。【35题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：然而，这些数据并没有提供支持拥有不同学习风格两种性别的证据。A.inlinewith与……一致；B.atthemercyof完全由……支配；C.onaccountof因为；由于；D.infavorof有利于；支持。结合全文可知，文章只是客观介绍了男孩和女孩在读写能力方面的差异，表明了他们不同的学习风格，但是并没有表明支持男孩或者女孩，故选D。第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第二节：(10个小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。LiangzhuMuseumdisplaysvariousburialobjectsfoundintheArchaeologicalRuinsofLiangzhuCity,aUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.Theruinshavegainedworldwiderecognition____36____evidencefortheexistenceofatleast5,000yearsofChinesecivilization.WhenZhangHansetfootinsideLiangzhuMuseum,the10-year-oldembarkedonatourthattookhimbackmorethan5,000years.Wearingthesmartglasses,Zhang____37____(present)withvirtualimagesofrelics.AugmentedrealityglassesfeatureamongastringofmeasurestakenbythemuseumtogivevisitorsamorevividexperienceofLiangzhucivilization,while____38____(help)themgainabetterappreciationofChineseculture.第25页/共25页学科网（北京）股份有限公司,TouristscanalsovisittheofficialwebsiteofLiangzhuMuseumtoenjoyavirtualtour.With____39____clickofthemouse,theycangainaccesstoexhibitionhallsthattheymayneverbeabletovisit____40____(physical).____41____(advance)technologiesareincreasinglyplayingamajorroleinChinesemuseums.InthenorthwesternChinesecityofDunhuang,____42____isknownfortheUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteMogaoGrottoes,the“digitalDunhuangproject”hasmadeextensiveuseofdigitalization.Bytheendof2021,it____43____(complete)thedigitalcollectionof268grottoes,theimageprocessingof164grottoes,andsoon.The____44____(protect)andrevivalofDunhuang’sancientcultureisnotanisolatedcaseinChina.TheYungangGrottoesinShanxiprovincealsohave3D“digitalarchives”,whichallowpreciousculturalrelicsandhistoricalarchives____45____(preserve)permanently.【答案】36.as37.waspresented38.helping39.a40.physically41.Advanced42.which43.hadcompleted44.protection45.tobepreserved【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了良渚博物馆和现代技术相结合，让游客可以在虚拟世界中了解中国文化。【36题详解】考查介词。句意：这片废墟已被世界公认为至少5000年中国文明存在的证据。根据“evidencefortheexistenceofatleast5,000yearsofChinesecivilization”可知，这片废墟作为中国文明存在5000年的证据被世界认可，所以空处需要介词as“作为”。故填as。【37题详解】考查时态语态。句意：戴着智能眼镜，张看到了文物的虚拟图像。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语动词。根据语境可知，句子为一般过去时态，主语和谓语之间为被动关系，故空处为一般过去时态的被动语态，主语为单数。故填waspresented。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：博物馆采取了一系列措施，让游客更生动地体验良渚文明，同时帮助他们更好地了解中国文化，其中包括增强现实眼镜。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词作状语，该动词和逻辑主句themuseum之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填helping。第25页/共25页学科网（北京）股份有限公司,【39题详解】考查冠词。句意：只需点击鼠标，他们就可以进入他们可能永远无法实际参观的展厅。aclickof“点击……”。故填a。【40题详解】考查副词。句意：只需点击鼠标，他们就可以进入他们可能永远无法实际参观的展厅。分析句子结构可知，空处需要副词修饰动词visit。故填physically。【41题详解】考查形容词。句意：先进技术在中国博物馆中扮演着越来越重要的角色。空处修饰后面的名词，需要形容词作定语。advance的形容词是advanced“先进的”，首字母大写。故填Advanced。【42题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在以联合国教科文组织世界遗产莫高窟而闻名的中国西北部城市敦煌，“数字敦煌项目”广泛利用了数字化。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词Dunhuang，先行词在非限定性定语从句中作主语，先行词为物，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。【43题详解】考查时态。句意：截至2021年底，已完成268座石窟的数字化采集、164座石窟图像处理等工作。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语“Bytheendof2021”可知，句子为过去完成时态。故填hadcompleted。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：敦煌古代文化的保护和复兴在中国并不是一个孤立的案例。空处应填名词和revival并列作主语，protection“保护”是不可数名词。故填revival。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：山西省云冈石窟也有3D“数字档案”，可以永久保存珍贵的文物和历史档案。allowsb./sth.todo“允许某人做某事”，且“culturalrelicsandhistoricalarchives”和“preserve”之间是被动关系，应用不定式的被动式。故填tobepreserved。第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节：应用文写作(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，得知中国科学技术馆将针对青少年举办一场科技发明大赛，请你写一封邮件邀请同样喜爱科学的外国朋友Peter与你合作，一起参加比赛。内容包括：1.比赛时间地点；2.奖励：创新基金；3.邀请的原因第25页/共25页学科网（北京）股份有限公司,注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearPeter,Ihaveapieceofgoodnewsforyou.ChinaScienceandTechnologyMuseumisgoingtoholdatechnicalinventioncompetitionforteenagers.ItwilltakeplaceinthemuseumonJuly8th.Theprizeforthewinneristheinnovationfund,whichisreallyusefulforthosewhoneedmoneytoworkontechnicalinventions.Iknowyouarefondofscienceandverycreative.Thisisagoodchanceforyoutoshowyourtalentsandideas.Sowouldyouliketoparticipateinthecompetitionwithme?Wecanworktogethertoputourideasintopractice.Lookingforwardtohearingfromyou.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外国朋友Peter写一封邮件邀请他与你合作，一起参加中国科学技术馆将针对青少年举办一场科技发明大赛。【详解】1.词汇积累举办：hold→host/launch比赛：competition→contest机会：chance→opportunity喜欢：befondof→bekeenon2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：Ihaveapieceofgoodnewsforyou.ChinaScienceandTechnologyMuseumisgoingtoholdatechnicalinventioncompetitionforteenagers.拓展句：IhaveapieceofgoodnewsforyouthatChinaScienceandTechnologyMuseumisgoingtoholda第25页/共25页学科网（北京）股份有限公司,technicalinventioncompetitionforteenagers.【点睛】【高分句型1】Theprizeforthewinneristheinnovationfund,whichisreallyusefulforthosewhoneedmoneytoworkontechnicalinventions.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)【高分句型2】Iknowyouarefondofscienceandverycreative.(运用了省略that的宾语从句)第二节读后续写(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。WhenmyhusbandRandydiedinlatefall,decidingwhattodowithhisgardenwaswaydownonthelistofnecessarytasks.Duringthefirstfewmonths,Icriedwithourdaughters,plannedamemorial,criedwithmyfamily,celebratedaquietThanksgiving,andpanickedovernothavingboughtChristmaspresents.Asthecalendarturnedtoanewyear,theoftenrainydaysandlongnightsdeepenedmysorrow.IfoundmyselfexhaustedattheendofFebruary,bothphysicallyandmentally.Thenthedaffodilsbloomed(开花)inthegarden.Yearsbefore,Randyhadplanteddozensoftheselemon-yellowflowers.Tohim,theyservedasareminderofhope,apromisethatlightandwarmthwouldsoonreplacecoldanddark.Lookingatthosedauffodils,IthoughtabouthowRandyhadconsideredourgardenalivingworkofart,carefullychoosingplantssowe’dseenewbloomseverymonth.ThenInoticedalltheweedsthathadtakenrootandspreadeverywhere.Theneglect(疏于打理)showed,forRandy’sillnesshadlastedacoupleofyears,atimewhenhedidn’thaveenergyforyardworkthewayhehadbefore.Facedwiththeneglectedgarden,Ifeltoverwhelmedinthebeginning.MydaughterssuggestedIhireaservicetocleaneverythingup.Ididn’trespond.EverytimeIsatinthegardenalone,thememoriesofthelivelygardencameflooding,likethenumerousscenesinanunforgettablefilm.ManydaysRandycamehomefromwork,changedintooldclothes,andheadedoutthedoortomoworprune(修剪).Orangedragonfliesfollowedhimaroundtheyardasheworked.Honeybeesbuzzedamongtheflowers,birdssangbeautifulsongs,andgentlebreezescarriedthesweetsmellofdirt.Nomatterhowcoldorwetitwas,thefreshairandphysicalactivitymadehimenergizedandrefreshed.ForRandy,theworkwasquietandcomforting,whichwasarelief,aswellasapleasure.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。Thedaysgrewwarmerandlighter,andIstartedtheworkmyself.____________________________________________________________________________________________第25页/共25页学科网（北京）股份有限公司,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Weekslater,mydaughtersreturnedtovisitme.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Thedaysgrewwarmerandlighter,andIstartedtheworkmyself.IrealizedIneedtotakecareofthegardenjustlikewhatRandydidbefore.Randyusedtotreatthegardenasalivingworkofart.Ifhewerealive,hewouldn’tbehappytoseethegardeninamess.Therefore,IneededtotakecareofthegardenjustlikewhatRandydid.Istartedweeding,wateringandlookingafterthedaffodils.ItseemedliketomeworkinginthegardenwasawaytocommemorateRandy.Weekslater,mydaughtersreturnedtovisitme.Shewasverysurprisedatwhatshesaw.Orangedragonflieswereflyingaroundtheyard.Honeybeesbuzzedamongtheflowersandbirdssangbeautifulsongs.SheusedtobeworriedIwouldbeinabadmood.Butnowsherealizedeverythingwasinagoodorder.Seeingthis,shesaiditlooksasifherfatherwasalwayswithus.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了丈夫去世后，作者身心俱疲，一直的伤心难过，无法从失去丈夫的痛苦当中走出来，作者多次回忆起丈夫在花园里劳作的场景，作者意识到要保留这份回忆，把花园照看好。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“天气越来越暖和，越来越风和日丽，我自己也开始干活了。”可知，第一段可描写作者决定把花园照看好，在花园劳作。②由第二段首句内容“几周后，我的女儿们回来看我。”可知，第二段可描写女儿看到作者打理好花园的惊讶之情。2.续写线索：一蹶不振——照看花园——井井有条——女儿回家——吃惊——感悟3.词汇激活行为类第25页/共25页学科网（北京）股份有限公司,①照顾：takecareof/lookafter/attendto②.纪念：commemorate/inmemoryof情绪类①.担心的：worried/concerned②.惊讶的：surprised/astonished【点睛】[高分句型1].Shewasverysurprisedatwhatshesaw.（由连接词what引导的宾语从句）[高分句型2].Ifhewerealive,hewouldn’tbehappytoseethegardeninamess.（if引导的虚拟条件句运用了虚拟语气）听力答案：1-5ABACA6-10CABCB11-15CCAAB16-20BACBC第25页/共25页学科网（北京）股份有限公司