福建省2023届高三英语下学期4月适应性练习卷试卷（Word版附解析）

福建省2023届高中毕业班适应性练习卷英语注意事项：1.答题前，学生务必在练习卷、答题卡规定的地方填写自己的学校、准考证号、姓名。学生要认真核对答题卡上粘贴的条形码的“准考证号、姓名”与学生本人准考证号、姓名是否一致。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本练习卷上无效。3.答题结束后，学生必须将练习卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whenwillthesalesmeetingbegin?A.At9:10.B.At9:20.C.At9:30.2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Amovie.B.Anovel.C.Ahero.3.Whereisthewomanspeaker?A.Attheairport.B.Onthebus.C.Athome.4.Whatdoesthewomanthinkthesweaterispopularfor?A.Color.B.MaterialC.Style.5.WhydoesDavidliketoliveinadorm?A.Toprotecthisprivacy.,B.Tolivewithhisfriends.C.Toattendclassesontime.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inthecitycenter.B.Inthesuburb.C.Onthehighway.7.Whatwillthespeakersdo?A.Phonethepolice.B.Gotoaskforhelp.C.Turnrightatthenextblock.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhatisCarrie’spresentationabout?A.Abiologyproject.B.Anewcourse.C.Airpollution.9.WhatisCarrie’sproblem?A.Howtoorganizehertalk.B.Howtogetbackgrounddata.C.Howtogiveafinalconclusion.10.Howmanyitemsshouldbeincludedinthepresentation?A.3.B.4.C.5.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Agentandcustomer.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Managerandclerk.12.Whatkindofaccommodationdoesthemanchoose?A.Aone-bedroomflat.B.Aunitwiththreerooms.C.Astudioflatwithabalcony.,13.WhatwillthespeakersdothisSaturday?A.Reservetheflat.B.Visittheuniversity.C.Seetheapartment.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhoisAnnabel?A.Ahost.B.Aguest.C.Anaudience.15.WhatcantheMeBotdo?A.Createanewteachingmethod.B.Provideahelpinclasslearning.C.Makeabetterdeviceforinterviews.16.WhatisthedisadvantageoftheMeBot?A.It’sreallyexpensive.B.It’sdifficulttooperate.C.It’sunabletocommunicate.17.Whatdoestheconversationfocuson?A.Anewshow.B.Apromisinginvention.C.Atalentedscientist.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whoisthemanspeakingto?A.Students.B.Tourists.C.Volunteers.19.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheproject?A.Togiveachancetofindanimals.B.Tointroduceanexcitingsight-seeing.C.Toofferanexperiencetoprotectwildlife.20.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkoftheproject?A.Risky.B.Fantastic.C.Time-consuming.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AManyofL.A.’stopmuseumsandculturalattractionsareyourbestchoicesifyouvisitLosAngeles.Fromancientartifactstomodemart,readonforourguideinLosAngeles.MuseumofLatinAmericanArt:Foundedin1996,itistheonlymuseumintheUnitedStatesdevotedto,modernandcontemporaryLatinAmericanart.Sinceitsbeginning,ithasdoubleditssize,addeda15,000-square-footsculpturegardenandexpandeditspermanentcollection,rangingfromworksbyTamayoandMattatoCruz-Diez,LosCarpinterosandTunga.FreeadmissioneverySunday.AutryMuseumoftheAmericanWest:LocatedinGriffithPark,theAutryfeaturesworld-classgalleriesfilledwithNativeAmericanartandartifacts,filmmemorabilia,historicfirearmsandmore.TheAutry’scollectionofmorethan500,000piecesofartandartifactsincludestheSouthwestMuseumoftheAmericanIndianCollection,oneofthelargestandmostsignificantcollectionsofNativeAmericanmaterialsinthecountry.FreeadmissiononthesecondTuesdayofeverymonth.DescansoGardens:LocatedinLaCañadaFlintridge,the160-acreDescansoGardenswasoriginallydevelopedin1936byEliasManchesterBoddy,whosenumerousinterestsincludedhorticultureandpolitics.DescansoGardensoffersnumerousareasforexploring,includingaJapaneseteagarden,water-wisegarden,OakWoodland,CaliforniaGarden,andtheworld’slargestcollectionofcamelliaflowers.FreeadmissiononthethirdTuesdayofeverymonth.CaltechMuseum:Foundedin1979bymembersoftheCaltechcommunityandthePasadenaJuniorLeague,themuseumdevelopsthepotentialofallkidsthroughkid-drivenexperiences,inspiringthemtobecomejoyful,activelearners.AdmissiontothemuseumisfreeonFirstFridays.1.WhatisspecialaboutMuseumofLatinAmericanArt?A.Ithasaverylonghistory.B.Ithasbeencontinuouslyenlarged.C.ItownsNativeAmericanartifacts.D.Itoffersawiderangeofexploration.2.Whichofthefollowinghelpstopromoteinitiatives?A.MuseumofLatinAmericanArt.B.AutryMuseumoftheAmericanWest.C.DescansoGardens.D.CaltechMuseum.3.Whatdothemuseumsandgardenshaveincommon?A.Theytakeuplargeareas.B.Theyhavediversecultures.C.Theycollectartworkspermanently.D.Theyofferfreeadmissionregularly.【答案】1.B2.D3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是四个洛杉矶的顶级博物馆和文化景点的相关情况。【1题详解】,细节理解题。根据MuseumofLatinAmericanArt:部分的“Sinceitsbeginning,ithasdoubleditssize,addeda15,000-square-footsculpturegardenandexpandeditspermanentcollection,rangingfromworksbyTamayoandMattatoCruz-Diez,LosCarpinterosandTunga.FreeadmissioneverySunday.(自开业以来，它的规模扩大了一倍，增加了一个1.5万平方英尺的雕塑花园，并扩大了永久收藏，从Tamayo和Matta的作品到Cruz-Diez、LosCarpinteros和Tunga的作品。)”可知，MuseumofLatinAmericanArt不断扩大。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据CaltechMuseum:部分的“Foundedin1979bymembersoftheCaltechcommunityandthePasadenaJuniorLeague,themuseumdevelopsthepotentialofallkidsthroughkid-drivenexperiences,inspiringthemtobecomejoyful,activelearners.(1979年由Caltech社区和PasadenaJuniorLeague的成员创建，博物馆通过儿童驱动的体验开发所有孩子的潜力，激励他们成为快乐的、积极的学习者。)”可知，CaltechMuseum有助于促进积极性，故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据MuseumofLatinAmericanArt:部分的“FreeadmissioneverySunday.(每周日免费入场。)”，AutryMuseumoftheAmericanWest:部分的“FreeadmissiononthesecondTuesdayofeverymonth.(每月第二个星期二免费入场。)”，DescansoGardens:部分的“FreeadmissiononthethirdTuesdayofeverymonth.(每月第三个星期二免费入场。)”和CaltechMuseum:部分的“AdmissiontothemuseumisfreeonFirstFridays.(博物馆在首个星期五免费入场。)”可知，这些博物馆和花园的共同之处在于它们定期提供免费入场，故选D。BGutiérrez’slifewouldneverbethesameagainafterfindingacopyofAnnaKareninabyLeoTolstoyinthegarbage20yearsago.Ithappenedwhilehewasdrivinghisgarbagetruckthroughwealthierneighbourhoodsatnightandseeingabandonedbooks.Itarousedhisdesiretostartrescuingbooksfromthegarbage.Heusedtotakehomebetween50and60bookseverymorning.Eventually,heturnedhisbookcollectionintoacommunitylibraryforchildrenfromlow-incomefamilies.Colombia’scapitalcityofBogotahas19publiclibraries.However,theselibrariestendtobefarawayfromwhereruralandpoorercommunitieslive.Theoptionofbuyingnewbooksisnon-existentforfamiliesstrugglingtomakeendsmeet.Gutiérrez’scommunitylibraryisatruerepresentationofhowoneman’sgarbagecanbeanother’streasure.Gutiérrezgrewuppoor,andhisfamilycouldnotaffordtoeducatehimbeyondprimaryschool.Nevertheless,hismotherwasapassionatereaderandreadstoriestohimeverynight.HerloveforbooksleftadeepimpressiononGutiérrez.,Today,hismakeshiftcommunitylibrary,called“TheStrengthofWords”,occupiesmostofhishomeinsouthernBogota,andispiledfromfloortoceilingwithfictionandnon-fictiontitles.Everythingfromschooltextbookstostorybookscanbefoundinhiscollectionofmorethan20.000books!Aswordbegantospreadabouthisamazingproject,peoplebegansendinghimthousandsmorebookstogrowhislibrary.Despitehavingdonesomuchforhiscommunity,Gutiérrezisnotyetcontenttocallitaday.Hecontinuestosearchthroughgarbagecansforreadingmaterials.Today,theGutiérrezfamilydoesnotmerelywanttostartlibrariesinneighbourhoods.Theywanttocreatespacesforschoolchildrentospendtheirtimereading.Gutiérrez’sjourneytogivebacktohislocalcommunityisanamazingexampleofhoweveryoneofuscanimprovethelivesofthosearoundus.HowmightwetakealeafoutofGutiérrez’sbooksandimpactthelessfortunatearoundus?4.WhatinspiredGutiérreztorescueunwantedbooks?ATheabandonedAnnaKarenina.B.LeoTolstoy’slife.C.Children’slivingconditions.D.Acommunity-library.5.WhydidGutiérrezstart“TheStrengthofWords”?A.Tocreateaharmoniousneighborhood.B.Togivehismothersufficientbooks.C.Tofacilitatechildren’sreading.D.Toimprovethecommunitylife.6.WhatcanbestdescribeGutiérrez?A.Devotedandtalented.B.Intelligentandgenerous.C.Passionateandwell-educated.D.Creativeandcaring.7.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.DesireforreadingB.FromgarbagetotreasureC.Gutiérrez’skindnessD.Anamazingmodelofeducation【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述Gutiérrez通过从垃圾堆中收集废书方式为农村和贫困社区的孩子们建立了一个社区图书馆从而帮助他们开始阅读的故事，从而引发读者关于如何改善身边人的生活的思考。【4题详解】,细节理解题。根据第一自然段“Gutiérrez’slifewouldneverbethesameagainafterfindingacopyofAnnaKareninabyLeoTolstoyinthegarbage20yearsago.Ithappenedwhilehewasdrivinghisgarbagetruckthroughwealthierneighbourhoodsatnightandseeingabandonedbooks.Itarousedhisdesiretostartrescuingbooksfromthegarbage.(20年前，古铁雷斯在垃圾堆里发现了列夫·托尔斯泰的《安娜·卡列尼娜》，从此他的生活再也不一样了。这件事发生在他晚上开着垃圾车穿过富裕社区时，看到了被遗弃的书籍。这激起了他开始从垃圾堆里抢救书籍的欲望。)”可知，被遗弃的《安娜·卡列尼娜》激发了古铁雷斯拯救不需要的书籍。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第一自然段“Eventually,heturnedhisbookcollectionintoacommunitylibraryforchildrenfromlow-incomefamilies.(最终，他把自己的藏书变成了一个社区图书馆，供低收入家庭的孩子们使用。)”以及第四自然段“Today,hismakeshiftcommunitylibrary,called“TheStrengthofWords”,occupiesmostofhishomeinsouthernBogota,andispiledfromfloortoceilingwithfictionandnon-fictiontitles.Everythingfromschooltextbookstostorybookscanbefoundinhiscollectionofmorethan20.000books!(如今，他的临时社区图书馆“文字的力量”占据了他位于波哥大南部的大部分家，从地板到天花板都堆满了小说和非小说类的书籍。从学校课本到故事书，所有的东西都可以在他收藏的20000多本书中找到！)”可知，古铁雷斯的TheStrengthofWords旨在方便孩子们阅读。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。文章主要讲述古铁雷斯通过从垃圾堆中收集废书的方式为农村和贫困社区的孩子们建立了一个社区图书馆从而帮助他们开始阅读的故事。由此可知，他既有创意又有爱心。故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。文章主要讲述古铁雷斯通过从垃圾堆中收集废书的方式为农村和贫困社区的孩子们建立了一个社区图书馆从而帮助他们开始阅读的故事。B项“Fromgarbagetotreasure(变废为宝)”最能概括本文主旨。故选B。CYou’veheardanoldChinesesayingbefore:Giveamanafishandyoufeedhimforaday;teachamantofishandyoufeedhimforalifetime.Youmayevenbenoddingyourheadinagreementrightnow.However,wecanhaveadifferentunderstandingaboutit.Whenapersonisstarving,that’snotthetimetofilltheirheadwithknowledgebuttofirstgivethepersonafish-eradicatingtheirhunger-andonlythenteachthemtofish.Fartoooften,peopleignorethiscommonsensefirststep.Theyseesomeonewhoisstruggling,andtheyrushtoofferwisdom.“LetmetellyouwhatI’ddoinyourposition,”awell-meaningindividualmightoffer.,Butfewofusunderstandtheanxiety,confusionanduncertaintythatcomewithoverwhelmingneed.Peoplemeetingwithpersonaldisastersdon’thavetheabilitytothinkstraight.Theirnervesmaybeshot.Theirconfidencemaybenon-existent.Canyouimaginewhatitwouldbeliketobeinthatperson’ssituation?Rushingtoofferastrugglingpersonlong-termadviceisawasteoftime.Instead,itmakesfarmoresensetohelpthemregaintheiremotionalbalance.Oncetheirears,heartandmindopen,you’llhaveanopportunitytoteachanewskill.Buthowdoweknowwhetherapersonneedsafishbeforeafishinglesson?Twothings:Oneistheabilitytopayattention.Weneedtoknowwhethertheotherpersonisopenandreceptive,orlookingattheworldthroughnarrowedeyes?Youcan’tjusttaketheirwordsbuthavetolookathowthepersonactsandwhattheydon’tsay.Theotherisempathy(共情).Themoresuccessfulyouare,theharderitistoimaginewhatitmustbeliketobetheopposite.Trytocreateasafeenvironmentforemotionalacceptancebeforethefishinglesson.8.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Toillustrateaconcept.B.Tobringinanewviewpoint.C.Tointroducethebackground.D.Toputupanexample.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eradicating”meaninparagraph2?A.Gettingridof.B.Payingattentionto.C.Makingupfor.D.Puttingupwith.10.Whatshouldwedofirstforthoseindisasters?A.Getthemtothinkstraight.B.Enhancetheirconfidence.C.Satisfytheirprimaryneeds.D.Teachthemanewskill.11.Whichdoestheauthorprobablyagreewithaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Liveandlearn.B.Neverteachafishtoswim.C.Putyourselfinothers’shoes.D.Don’tteacholddogsnewtricks.【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了对“授之以鱼不如授之以渔”的不同理解，即在别人挨饿时，不是给他灌输知识，而是先给他一条鱼，让他消除饥饿。文章解释了这么做的原因以及建议。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“You’veheardanoldChinesesayingbefore:Giveamanafishandyoufeedhimforaday;teachamantofishandyoufeedhimforalifetime.Youmayevenbenoddingyourheadinagreementrightnow.However,wecanhaveadifferentunderstandingaboutit.(你以前听过一句中国古话：授之以鱼不如授之,以渔。你现在甚至可能在点头表示同意。然而，我们可以有一个不同的理解。)”可推知，第一段是为了引入新的观点——对“授之以鱼不如授之以渔”的不同理解，故选B。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“Whenapersonisstarving,that’snotthetimetofilltheirheadwithknowledgebuttofirstgivethepersonafish(当一个人在挨饿的时候，那不是给他灌输知识的时候，而是先给他一条鱼)”可知，当一个人挨饿时，先给他一条鱼，这样能消除他的饥饿，由此可知，划线单词“eradicating”意为“消除”，与A项“Gettingridof.(摆脱)”意思相近，故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据三段中“Peoplemeetingwithpersonaldisastersdon’thavetheabilitytothinkstraight.Theirnervesmaybeshot.Theirconfidencemaybenon-existent.Canyouimaginewhatitwouldbeliketobeinthatperson’ssituation?(遇到个人灾难的人没有直接思考的能力。他们的神经可能会受到刺激。他们的信心可能根本不存在。你能想象处在那种情况下会是什么样子吗？)”和第四段中“Instead,itmakesfarmoresensetohelpthemregaintheiremotionalbalance.Oncetheirears,heartandmindopen,you’llhaveanopportunitytoteachanewskill.(相反，帮助他们恢复情绪平衡更有意义。一旦他们的耳朵，心灵和头脑打开，你将有机会教一个新的技能。)”可知，那些处在灾难中的人们没有信心，所以为了帮助他们，我们首先要做的是帮助他们恢复情绪，即增强他们的信心，故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Theotherisempathy(共情).Themoresuccessfulyouare,theharderitistoimaginewhatitmustbeliketobetheopposite.Trytocreateasafeenvironmentforemotionalacceptancebeforethefishinglesson.(另一个是共情。你越成功，就越难想象成为失败人是什么样子。试着在授之以渔课之前为情感接受创造一个安全的环境。)”可推知，作者建议我们要产生共情，即要换位思考，站在别人的角度考虑。故选C。DMostpeoplefindsugarhardtoresist.Ourbrainsneedlotsofenergyandsugaryfoodsprovideplentyofit.Butwhencaloriesaretooreadilyavailable,itiseasytooverdoit.Therehasbeennoshortageofresearchonsugarreplacementswithoutthecalories,butevidencefromanimalandhumanstudieshaslinkedsometoweightgain.OnepromisingalternativeisfoundinthefruitofSynsepalumdulcificum(奇迹果),aplantnativetoWestAfrica.Theseso-calledmiracleberriesdon’ttastesugarythemselves,butifyoutrysomethingsourafterwardsitwilltasteunusuallysweet.InBenin,thefruitiseatenfreshandismostlyusedasasweetenertohavewithsourfoodsanddrinks,saysDedeoufromauniversityinBenin.Theberrywithmiraculin(奇迹果蛋白)isveryappreciatedbylocalconsumers,,especiallythekidsandpeoplewithdiabetes(糖尿病).Despitethemiracleberry’spromiseasasugarreplacement,itisonlyproducedonalimitedscaleandisn’tavailableworldwide.Theberriesdon’ttravelwellandtheplantisslowtogrow.Tocreateanalternativesourceofmiraculin,researchersattheUniversityofTsukubainJapanhavegeneticallyengineeredtomatoestoproducetheprotein,butthisisn’tnecessary,saysTchokponhouewhoseteamisworkingtohelpenlargetheproductionofmiracleberriesinWestAfrica.Earlierthisyear,ateamatHainanUniversityinChinapublishedthegenome(基因图谱)ofSynsepalumdulcificum,whichmayhelp.Spanishstart-upBaiaFoodhasplanstopromotesustainablegrowthoftheplantinGhanaandmarketthedriedberries.Youcanordertabletsoffreeze-driedmiracleberriesonlinebuttheyarepricey,costingaround£18forapackof10.Ifyoucanaffordit,theberry’staste-twistingpowerisfuntotryathome.Letthetabletmeltonyourtongue,thentrytastingacidicfoodssuchaslemons.Theeffectshouldlastbetween15and60minutes.12.WhatdoweknowaboutSynsepalumdulcificum?A.Itcontainshighcalories.B.Itisrelatedtoweightgain.C.Ittastesunusuallysweet.D.Itservesasasugarreplacement13.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Effortsmadetoobtainmoremiraculin.B.GenomepublishedtohelpdotheresearchC.Creationadvocatedtoproducemiracleberries.D.Transformationsperformedtoengineertomatoes14.Whatcanwesayabouttabletsoffreeze-driedmiracleberries?A.Theyaresour.B.TheyareinexpensiveC.TheyareaccessibleD.Theyareproductive.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetogettingthesugaralternative?A.Doubtful.B.Optimistic.C.Defensive.D.Conservative.【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，原产于西非的奇迹果有望成为糖的替代品。本文还介绍了一些国家为创造奇迹果蛋白的替代来源而做出的努力。【12题详解】,细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Theseso-calledmiracleberriesdon’ttastesugarythemselves,butifyoutrysomethingsourafterwardsitwilltasteunusuallysweet.(这些所谓的奇迹浆果本身尝起来并不含糖，但如果你事后尝试一些酸的东西，它的味道会异常甜。)”以及第三段“Despitethemiracleberry’spromiseasasugarreplacement,itisonlyproducedonalimitedscaleandisn’tavailableworldwide.(尽管奇迹果有望成为糖的替代品，但它的生产规模有限，而且不在全球范围内销售。)”可知，奇迹果可以替代糖。故选D。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Tocreateanalternativesourceofmiraculin,researchersattheUniversityofTsukubainJapanhavegeneticallyengineeredtomatoestoproducetheprotein,butthisisn’tnecessary…Earlierthisyear,ateamatHainanUniversityinChinapublishedthegenome(基因图谱)ofSynsepalumdulcificum,whichmayhelp.(为了创造奇迹果蛋白的替代来源，日本Tsukuba大学的研究人员对西红柿进行了基因工程改造，以生产这种蛋白质，但这不是必要的……今年早些时候，中国海南大学的一个团队发表了硬骨合瓣的基因组，这可能会有所帮助。)”可知，第4段的主要介绍了为获得更多奇迹蛋白所做的努力。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Youcanordertabletsoffreeze-driedmiracleberriesonlinebuttheyarepricey,costingaround£18forapackof10.(你可以在网上订购冷冻干燥的奇迹果片，但价格昂贵，每包10片售价约18英镑。)”可知，干的奇迹果片是可以买到的。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Earlierthisyear,ateamatHainanUniversityinChinapublishedthegenome(基因图谱)ofSynsepalumdulcificum,whichmayhelp.(今年早些时候，中国海南大学的一个团队发表了硬骨合瓣的基因组，这可能会有所帮助。)”以及最后一段“Spanishstart-upBaiaFoodhasplanstopromotesustainablegrowthoftheplantinGhanaandmarketthedriedberries.(西班牙初创企业BaiaFood计划在加纳促进该工厂的可持续发展，并销售干浆果。)”可知，作者对获得替代糖持乐观态度。故选B。第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Sciencefictiontelevisionhasdonealottoshapehowweviewthemealsofthefuture,fromaneveningdinnerinpillformtomachinesgivingusanymealwedesire,ondemand.____16____However,whiletheseideasforfoodcreationaremorethanfiftyyearsold,thewayweproduceandconsumefoodhasnotchangedverymuch.Eventhoughthereisenoughfoodavailabletodaytofeedtheworld,morethan870millionpeopledonothaveenoughtoeat.____17____Withtheglobalpopulationexpectedtogrowtomorethanninebillionby2050,demandforfoodwillonly,increase.Nopillsormachineshavesolvedourfoodproblemsyet.However,agriculturalsciencehasbeenresponsibleforsavinghugenumbersoflives.Scienceandtechnologyhelpedusoutofstarvationduringthe1960sand70swhentheworld’spopulationexploded.____18____Theresultofthispanicwasthe“greenrevolution”,whichsawtheintroductiontofarmingofhighproductiongrains,improvedirrigationsystemsandhybridseeds,savingoveronebillionpeoplefromstarvation____19____Havingenoughfoodisonlythefirststep.Therearecomplicationswithnaturaldisasters,conflict,povertyandenvironmentalproblems.Allthesecanmeanthatthefoodsupplyisputatrisk____20____Manypeopleareconcernedabout“playingaroundwithnature”,adjustinghowfoodlooksandtastesandsmells,andotherhumaninterferences(干预),allofwhicharewidespread.Anyhowtheworldhasnotbeencompletelysavedfromstarvation,butweareonthewaytogetthere.A.Agriculturalsciencewasquiteasuccess.B.Therearemanycomplexitieswhendealingwithfood.C.Modernscienceandtechnologyoffoodcontributesalot.D.Nobodywouldeverstarveiffoodwerethiseasytoobtain.E.Anditisunbelievablethathungerkillsmorepeoplethandiseasedoes.F.Thentherearetheissueswefacewhenitcomestofoodexperimentation.G.Atthattimescientistsweregenuinelyworriedthatwewouldrunoutoffood.【答案】16.D17.E18.G19.B20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。虽然科幻电视在塑造我们对未来膳食的看法方面做了很多工作，但是世界还没有完全从饥饿中拯救出来。16题详解】根据下文“However,whiletheseideasforfoodcreationaremorethanfiftyyearsold,thewayweproduceandconsumefoodhasnotchangedverymuch.(然而，尽管这些创造食物的想法已经有50多年的历史了，但我们生产和消费食物的方式并没有太大变化。)”可知，上下文是转折关系，故空格处在语意上应承接上文。根据上文“Sciencefictiontelevisionhasdonealottoshapehowweviewthemealsofthefuture,fromaneveningdinnerinpillformtomachinesgivingusanymealwedesire,ondemand.(科幻电视在塑造我们对未来膳食的看法方面做了很多工作，从药丸形式的晚餐到按需为我们提供任何膳食的机器。)”可知，上文讲到科幻电视中对未来膳食的构想，下文说到这种构想可能产生的结果。D项“Nobodywouldeverstarveiffoodwerethiseasytoobtain.(如果食物这么容易获得，没有人会挨饿。)”承接上文，符合语境。故选D项。,【17题详解】根据上文“Eventhoughthereisenoughfoodavailabletodaytofeedtheworld,morethan870millionpeopledonothaveenoughtoeat.(尽管今天有足够的食物养活全世界，但仍有超过8.7亿人没有足够的食物。)”可知，上文讲到世界上粮食短缺的问题。E项“Anditisunbelievablethathungerkillsmorepeoplethandiseasedoes.(令人难以置信的是，饥饿导致的死亡人数超过了疾病造成的死亡人数。)”进一步补充粮食短缺的现状，复合语境。故选E项。【18题详解】根据下文“Theresultofthispanicwasthe“greenrevolution”,(这场恐慌的结果是“绿色革命”，)”可知，空格处应说明“这场恐慌”是什么。G项“Atthattimescientistsweregenuinelyworriedthatwewouldrunoutoffood.(当时，科学家们真的很担心我们会耗尽食物。)”说明科学家的担忧，即恐慌，符合语境。故选G项。【19题详解】根据下文“Havingenoughfoodisonlythefirststep.Therearecomplicationswithnaturaldisasters,conflict,povertyandenvironmentalproblems.Allthesecanmeanthatthefoodsupplyisputatrisk.(有足够的食物只是第一步。自然灾害、冲突、贫困和环境问题也很复杂。)”可知，设空处在段首，应为本段主旨句。B项“Therearemanycomplexitieswhendealingwithfood.(在处理食物时有很多复杂性。)”能概括本段主旨，complexities与complications相呼应。故选B项。【20题详解】根据下文“Manypeopleareconcernedabout“playingaroundwithnature”,adjustinghowfoodlooksandtastesandsmells,andotherhumaninterferences(干预),allofwhicharewidespread.(许多人担心“玩弄自然”，调整食物的外观、味道和气味，以及其他人为干扰，这些都是普遍存在的。)”可知此处在讲在食品实验方面面临的问题。F项“Thentherearetheissueswefacewhenitcomestofoodexperimentation.(然后是我们在食品实验方面面临的问题。)”引出下文，符合语境。故选F项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节((共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。JoaoCarlosMartinsisafamouspianistandconductor.However,hiscareerhasbeen____21____andhislifehastakenhiminmanydifferent____22____.AsateenagerMartinsbegantoperforminconcerts.Butinhislatetwenties,hehadto____23____afterbadlybreakinghisarm.Itwasreallyaterribletime.Hecouldn’tlookatapianoor____24____listentomusic.,____25____,hedecidedtobecomethemanagerofaboxer,whowontheworldchampionshiplater.This____26____Martinstotakeupthepianoandpractisemuchharder.Sixyearslater,hegavehisfirstconcertattheCarnegieHall,whichwasthemost____27____momentofhislife.Heperformedinconcertsforyearsbeforehehadtoquitbecauseoftheunbearable____28____inhishandscausedbytoomuch____29____.Martins,inhisforties,becameapolitician.However,hecouldn’tstandthis____30____,soonceagain,hewentbacktothepiano.Allwasgoingwelluntilsomethingunexpected____31____whileleavingaconcert.He____32____aseriousbraininjuryandlostallthemovementinhisrighthand.Again,withgreat____33____heplayedjustwithhislefthand.Yearslaterhelosttheuseofthelefthandand____34____himselfaconductor.Now,inhislateseventies,Martinsisstilltaking____35____toworkandhasconductedoverathousandconcerts.21.A.smoothB.toughC.flexibleD.interesting22.A.culturesB.formsC.directionsD.levels23.A.giveupB.setoutC.turnupD.holdout24.A.stillB.justC.everD.even25.A.GenerallyB.UltimatelyC.OccasionallyD.Naturally26.A.forcedB.promisedC.motivatedD.forbade27.A.realisticB.emotiona1C.strugglingD.striking28.A.painB.cutsC.tensionD.sensitivities29.A.conductingB.playingC.instructionD.competition30.A.careerB.popularityC.conditionD.behavior31.A.existedB.remainedC.occurredD.continued32.A.foundB.sufferedC.curedD.nursed33.A.patienceB.careC.pleasureD.determination34.A.fanciedB.consideredC.madeD.chose35.A.measuresB.chancesC.courageD.trouble【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.B26.C27.D28.A29.B30.A31.C32.B33.D34.C35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍的是著名的钢琴家和指挥家JoaoCarlosMartins在职业生涯中艰苦奋斗的经历。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，他的事业一直很艰难，他的生活把他带向了许多不同的方向。A.,smooth光滑的；B.tough艰难的；C.flexible灵活的；D.interesting有趣的。根据however表转折以及下一段“afterbadlybreakinghisarm”可知，他的事业一直很艰难。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他的事业一直很艰难，他的生活把他带向了许多不同的方向。A.cultures文化；B.forms形式；C.directions方向；D.levels水平。根据下一段“AsateenagerMartinsbegantoperforminconcerts”，“hedecidedtobecomethemanagerofaboxer”和“Martinstotakeupthepianoandpractisemuchharder”可知，他的生活把他带向了许多不同的方向。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但在他快30岁的时候，他的手臂严重骨折，不得不放弃。A.giveup放弃；B.setout出发；C.turnup出现；D.holdout伸出。根据下文“badlybreakinghisarm”可知，他的手臂严重骨折，不得不放弃。故选A。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他不能看钢琴，甚至不能听音乐。A.still仍然；B.just只是；C.ever曾经；D.even甚至。根据下文“listentomusic”可知，此处是程度上递进关系，即他不能看钢琴，甚至不能听音乐。故选D。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，他决定成为一名拳击手经理，并后来获得世界冠军。A.Generally通常，普遍地；B.Ultimately最终；C.Occasionally偶尔；D.Naturally自然而然地。根据下文“hedecidedtobecomethemanagerofaboxer”可知，最终，他决定成为一名拳击手经理。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这激发Martins拿起钢琴，更加努力地练习。A.forced强迫；B.promised答应；C.motivated激发；D.forbade禁止。根据上文“hedecidedtobecomethemanagerofaboxer,whowontheworldchampionshiplater”和下文“totakeupthepianoandpractisemuchharder”可知，Martins后来获得世界冠军，这激发他拿起钢琴，更加努力地练习。故选C。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：六年后，他在CarnegieHall举办了自己的第一场音乐会，这是他一生中最引人注目的时刻。A.realistic现实的；B.emotional情绪的；C.struggling艰难奋斗的；D.striking引人注目的。根据上文“hegavehisfirstconcertattheCarnegieHall”可知，他在CarnegieHall举办了自己的第一场音乐会，这是他一生中最引人注目的时刻。故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在音乐会上表演了多年，后来因为演奏太多而导致双手难以忍受的疼痛而不,得不退出。A.pain疼痛；B.cuts伤口；C.tension紧张；D.sensitivities敏感性。根据上文“hehadtoquit”和下文“inhishands”可知，他双手疼痛，所以不得不退出。故选A。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在音乐会上表演了多年，后来因为演奏太多而导致双手难以忍受的疼痛而不得不退出。A.conducting指挥；B.playing演奏；C.instruction指示；D.competition竞争。根据上文“Heperformedinconcertsforyears”可知，他因为演奏太多而导致双手难以忍受的疼痛而不得不退出。故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他无法忍受这个职业，所以，他又一次回到了钢琴。A.career职业生涯；B.popularity欢迎；C.condition条件；D.behavior行为。根据上文“becameapolitician”可知，他无法忍受政治家这个职业。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一切都很顺利，直到离开音乐会时发生了意想不到的事情。A.existed存在；B.remained保持；C.occurred发生；D.continued继续。根据下文“aseriousbraininjuryandlostallthemovementinhisrighthand”可知，一切都很顺利，直到离开音乐会时发生了意想不到的事情。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他遭受了严重的脑损伤，右手完全失去了活动能力。A.found发现；B.suffered遭受；C.cured治愈；D.nursed看护，照料。根据下文“aseriousbraininjury”可知，他遭受了严重的脑损伤。故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他再一次坚决地只用左手演奏。A.patience耐心；B.care关心；C.pleasure快乐；D.determination决心。根据下文“heplayedjustwithhislefthand”可知，他再一次坚定地只用左手演奏，withdetermination意为“坚决地”。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年后，他不能使用左手，成为了一名指挥。A.fancied想象；B.considered考虑；C.made使成为；D.chose选择。根据下文“aconductor”可知，多年后，他不能使用左手，成为了一名指挥，空格处意为“使成为”。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，年近七旬的Martins仍在努力工作，并指挥了一千多场音乐会。A.measures措施；B.chances机会；C.courage勇气；D.trouble费事，不便。根据上文“inhislateseventies”可知，年近七旬的Martins仍在努力工作，taketroubletodo意为“不辞辛苦地做……”。故选D。,第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Primaryschoolsnowattachgreatimportancetolaboreducation,advocatingstudentstodoactivitiessuchascooking,makinghandicrafts____36____decoratinghouses.XueYoumei,aGrade3student,spentthewinterholidayinGuangxi.EverythingaboutvillagelifewasnoveltoXuewhowasused____37____urbanlife.XuejoinedherfamilytoworkatafarmfieldplantedwithChinesewaterchestnuts.Xue,____38____(wear)apairofgloves,helpedherfatherpickupwaterchestnutsatthefield.ForYangLiqiao,aGrade6student,thepastwinterholidaygaveher____39____newidentity-garbagesortingguide.Yangworeavolunteer’svestandrecordedthesituationofthegarbagesortingworkatherresidentialcommunity.____40____(additional),Yangalsoinvitedherclassmatestowalkaroundtheparknearbytopickupgarbageontheground.Yang’sfatherobservedlaboractivitiesofferedstudentsachance____41____(acquire)knowledge,whichwasnottaughtatclass.Atthesametime,someschoolsinChinaalsoassignedspecializedhomeworkduringthewintervacationtoletstudentsenjoyplay-basedlearning.Somestudents____42____(ask)tocooperatewithparentstodecoratetheirhomeswithNewYear____43____(painting).Thetaskaimedtodevelopstudents’____44____(innovation)thinking.Andsomewererequiredtocollectphysics-relatedChinesepoems,makean_____45_____(analyse)anddrawaconclusion.【答案】36.and37.to38.wearing39.a40.Additionally41.toacquire42.wereasked43.paintings44.innovative45.analysis【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。小学现在非常重视劳动教育，提倡学生进行烹饪、制作工艺品、装饰房屋等活动。本文主要分享了几位小学生们寒假期间的丰富劳动活动。【36题详解】考查连词。句意：小学现在非常重视劳动教育，提倡学生进行烹饪、制作手工艺品和装饰房屋等活动。分析句子可知，空格处应填入并列连词。根据句意，此处指“和；以及”，故用and。故填and。,【37题详解】考查介词。句意：对于习惯了城市生活的薛来说，关于乡村生活的一切都很新奇。beusedtosth./doingsth.是固定短语，意为“习惯……”。故填to。【38题详解】考查现在分词。句意：薛同学戴着一副手套，帮助父亲在田里捡水栗子。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作定语。主语Xue与动词wear是主动关系，故用现在分词。故填wearing。【39题详解】考查冠词。句意：对于六年级学生杨丽巧来说，刚刚过去的寒假给了她一个新的身份——垃圾分类向导。根据句意，此处指“一个”，表泛指，故用不定冠词。new读音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。故填a。【40题详解】考查副词。句意：此外，杨还邀请她的同学在附近的公园里散步，捡地上的垃圾。分析句子可知，空格处作状语，应用副词。additional的副词形式为additionally，意为“此外”，置于句首首字母应大写。故填Additionally。【41题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：杨的父亲观察到，劳动活动为学生提供了一个学习知识的机会，而这些知识是课堂上没有教授的。修饰名词chance应用动词不定式作后置定语，表示“……的机会”。故填toacquire。【42题详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：一些学生被要求与家长合作，用新年绘画装饰他们的家。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。根据上文assigned可知，此处应用一般过去时态。主语Somestudents与动词ask是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态。故填wereasked。【43题详解】考查名词的数。句意：同上。根据句中theirhomes可知，空格处应填入名词复数形式。故填paintings。【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：该任务旨在培养学生的创新思维。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作定语。innovation的名词形式为innovative。故填innovative。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：一些人被要求收集与物理相关的中国诗歌，进行分析并得出结论。根据句中makean可知，此处应填名词作宾语，analyse的名词形式为analysis。故填analysis。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分),46.近日，你校英语报拟介绍学生参与社团的情况。请你结合图表信息，以“OurSchoolClubs”为题写一篇英语短文投稿，内容包括：1.参与社团的情况;2.你的看法。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。OurSchoolClubs__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】OurSchoolClubsAs can be seen from the chart, thechoicesofschoolclubsinourschoolvaryfrompersontoperson. Themajorityofthestudents would like tochooseChineseCalligraphyandPaintingClub, while 25% students choose thePingpongClub. The least students, accounting for10%, are willing to chooseErhuClub,withotherclubsmakingup17%. Various reasons are responsible for their different choices. To begin with, those who choose ChineseCalligraphyandPaintingClubbelieve that learningChinesecalligraphyandpaintingwillenablethemtohavea betterunderstandingoftraditionalChineseculture. What’s more, outdoor-activity lovers hold the opinion that taking exercise is a wonderful way to refresh themselves.  I hold the view thatwhateverclubswec,hoose, we should learn to relax ourselves besides concentrating on our studies. Only in this way can we improve our efficiency and make our schoollifemeaningful.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇英语短文向校英语报投稿，介绍学生参与社团的情况。内容包括：1.参与社团的情况;2.你的看法。【详解】1.词汇积累变化：vary→range各种各样的：various→avarietyof无论什么：whatever→nomatterwhat专注于：concentrateon→focuson2.句式拓展倒装句变强调句原句：Onlyinthiswaycanweimproveourefficiencyandmakeourschoollifemeaningful.拓展句：Itisonlyinthiswaythatwecanimproveourefficiencyandmakeourschoollifemeaningful.【点睛】【高分句型1】Ascanbeseenfromthechart,thechoicesofschoolclubsinourschoolvaryfrompersontoperson.（运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】Theleaststudents,accountingfor10%,arewillingtochooseErhuClub,withotherclubsmakingup17%.（运用了现在分词作定语以及with的复合结构）【高分句型3】Onlyinthiswaycanweimproveourefficiencyandmakeourschoollifemeaningful.（运用了only置于句首的部分倒装）第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Atage10,Istoodinfrontofmynewclass,mynewclassmateslookingatmewithmildinterestasmyteacherintroducedme.Ijoinedinthemiddleoftheschoolyear.Therewere41studentsinmynewclass.Iwasthe42nd.Allmyclassmatessatinpairsexceptforthisonegirl,Kate.Iwentandsatdownnexttoherandgaveherasmall,uncertainsmile.Shesmiledinreturn.Theclassstartedandwedidn’ttalkuntillunchtime.Atlunchtime,Ipulledoutmylunchbox,packedbymymother.Ithadfriedricewithhome-madecakesandasmallboxoffruits.Clearlymymomhadspenttimepackingthisyummylunch.Thisgirltookoutasmallboxwithbreadbutterinside.InIndia,it’sprettyrareforkidstojustgetbreadbutterforlunch.TheonlytimeIhadbreadbutterforlunchwasifmymomwasunwell.SoIthoughtthatwaswhattheproblemherewas.Iofferedherasmallpartofmylunchand,forgotallaboutit.Thenextday,sheagainhadbreadbutter.Well,Ithought,hermothermighthavefallenill,soshewastakingtimetorecover.Iagainofferedherapartofmylunch.Thiswentonforaweek.Thenoneday,IaskedtheonequestionthatIshouldn’thave.“Isyourmomnotwell?”Infact,Iwasn’tpreparedfortheanswer.Later,Iknewthathermother,whoworkedinasupermarket,wasinpoorhealth.Sheconstantlystayedathomewithnoincome.Ididn’tknowwhattodo.SoIdidthemostobviousthing.Iwenthomeandtoldmymomthatmylunchwasn’tenoughandIstillfelthungryaftereatingit.Mymomstartedpackingabiggerlunch.Andinschool,I’dtellKatethatmymomhadpackedmealunchtoobig,socouldshepleasehelpmefinishit?ThenIaskedherwhatherfavoritedishwas.“Naan,”shewhispered.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。WhenItoldmymomthatIwantedverymuchtohaveNaan,shefeltpuzzled.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Imovedoutofthatschoolsoonafteranddidn’tstayintouchwithKate.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】WhenItoldmymomthatIwantedverymuchtohaveNaan,shefeltpuzzled.Naanwasnotacommondishinourhousehold,andmymomwasn’tsureifshecouldprepareit,butshepromisedshewouldtry.Thenextday,IwasthrilledtofindthatmylunchboxnowcontainedapieceofNaan,andIeagerlyshareditwithKate.Seeinghersmilingfacemademefeelreallyhappyinside.Fromthatdayon,mymomwouldoccasionallypacksomeIndiandelicaciesformetosharewithKate,andIwouldbemorethanhappytodoso.Imovedoutofthatschoolsoonafteranddidn'tstayintouchwithKate.However,thisexperiencetaughtmeanimportantlessonaboutkindnessandunderstanding.Oftenwejudgepeopletooquickly,withoutrealizingtheirunderlyingstruggles.Whileitmayseemsmall,sharingmylunchwithKatehelpedmetoconnectwithherona,deeperlevelandtounderstandherbetter.AsIgrewolder,Iwouldtrytoapplythislessoninmydailylife–tobealittlekinder,alittlemoreempathetic,andalittlemoreunderstandingofpeople'sstruggles.【解析】【导语】本文以回忆为线索，叙述了作者和同桌Kate相遇后，了解到她家庭情况后，决定与母亲一起帮助Kate的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“当我告诉我妈妈我非常想要馕饼时，她感到困惑”可知，第一段可描写作者发现母亲给他准他了馕饼，并与Kate分享。②由第二段首句内容“不久之后，我就搬出了那所学校，没有和凯特保持联系”可知，第二段可描写作者对自己的经历的感悟。2.续写线索：告诉母亲——看到馕饼——分享——搬出学校——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①分享：share/divide/split②准备：prepare/intend/drawup③判断：judge/estimate/assess情绪类①开心：happy/content/joyous②激动：thrill/excit/amaze【点睛】[高分句型1]Seeinghersmilingfacemademefeelreallyhappyinside.(动名词做主语)[高分句型2]AsIgrewolder,Iwouldtrytoapplythislessoninmydailylife–tobealittlekinder,alittlemoreempathetic,andalittlemoreunderstandingofpeople'sstruggles.（由As引导的时间状语从句）,