山西省三晋名校联盟2023届高三英语下学期4月阶段性测试（五）试题（Word版附解析）

三晋名校联盟2022—2023学年高中毕业班阶段性测试(五)英语考生注意：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码转贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.₤19.15.B.₤9.18.C.₤9.15.答案C。1.Whenwillthefilmbegin?A.At7:00.B.At7:10.C.At7:30.2.WhatwillJasonprobablydofirst?A.Gototheparty.B.Havehishaircut.C.GotoTom’shome.3.WhydoesthemanspeakeraskthewomantositbesideAlan?A.Alanalwaysspeakstohim.B.Alanwantstobetterlookafterher.C.Shecan’tseeclearlyattheback.4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Peopleshouldhavemoreholidays.B.Therearetoomanyholidaysinayear. C.Peopleshoulddomeaningfulthingsonholidays.5.WhatdoesLindadointheafternoon?A.Shedoesexperiments.B.Sheattendslectures.C.Shewritesreports.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Customerandreceptionist.B.Bossandsecretary.C.Professorandstudent.7.Whodoesthewomanmakeanappointmentwith?A.Lily.B.Mike.C.Tom.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofacashprize?A.Everyonewilllikeit.B.Itmightnotbeagoodidea.C.Itcansendtherightmessage.9.Whatdothespeakersdecidetouseasprizes?A.Plasticmedals.B.Challengecups.C.Colorfulbelts.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.What’swrongwiththewoman?A.Shehasaheadache.B.Shecan’tconcentrate.C.Shefailedinanexam.11.Whatdoweknowaboutthemanspeaker?A.Heoftengetslost.B.Heturnedtothewomanforadvice.C.Heonceexperiencedpanicattacks.12.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Intheyard.B.Atthedoctor’s.C.Intheclassroom.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Howmanypeoplearecomingtothespeakers’home?A.One.B.Two.C.Three. 14.Howdoesthemanspeakerfeelatthenews?A.Confused.B.Sad.C.Delighted.15.Howwillthevisitorsplantocome?A.Bytrain.B.Bysea.C.Byplane.16.Howlongwillthevisitorsstayinthespeakers’home?A.Aboutaweek.B.Aboutamonth.C.Tilltheendofthevacation.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Howmanyanimalspeciesdisappearedfrom1980to2010?A.Atleast1million.B.5,000.C.Morethan1,000.18.Whatisthemainreasonforthedeclineofanimalspecies?A.Globalwarming.B.Fashionindustry.C.Unprotectedhabitat.19.Whatdoesthekillingleadto?A.Largequantitiesofinsects.B.Endangeredspecies.C.Thelossofthebalanceofnature.20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggest?A.Buildingagreensociety.B.Raisingmoneyfortheanimals.C.Nobuying,nokilling.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheworldisasplendidplace,fullofhiddenandovertbeautyineverycorner.Herearesomeofthemostbeautifulplacesaroundtheworld.BwindiImpenetrableForest,UgandaBwindiImpenetrableForestisoneofthelastharborsofthemountaingorilla(大猩猩).SeveralhundredcallthisUNESCOWorldHeritageSitehome,withthechanceforvisitorshikeandmeethabituatedgroups.Itsbiodiversityextendsfarbeyonditsmostfamousinhabitants.However-almost350birdspeciesandaround220butterflyspeciescanbefoundwithinits331-square-kilometerexpanse. Samburu,KenyaThankstoitsrelativeinaccessibilityintheheartofKenya,Samburuisahaven(避难所)forsomeofAfrica’smostcharmingwildlife.Thegrasslandandacacia-dottedlandscapesofitsnationalreservearehometotheendangeredgiraffeandzebra,aswellasthepioneeringElephantWatchCamp.ZhangjiajieNationalForestPark,ChinaChina’sfirstUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,ZhangjiajieNationalForestParkinHunanProvinceisknownforitstoweringsandstonepillars(柱子).Bestexploredonfoot,itsbacktrailsmakeforaneasywaytoescapethecrowdsandfindthebestviews.Asthemistsfall,it’seasytoseawhythisareahaslongbeenaninspirationfortraditionalChinesepaintings.TheMaldivesThesandofits1,200islandsisaswhiteasitgets,andthewaterisadeepbluethatputsallotherseasintheshade.TheIndianOceannationoftheMaldiveshasdevelopedintotheworld’spremiertropicalhotspotforareason.Bestofall,thereareplentyofbeachestogoaround,withover100privateresortsandwelcoming,affordableguesthousesaroundtheMaleandAriatolls.1.WhatmakesSamburuahavenforwildlife?A.Itslandscape.B.Itslocation.C.Itsclimate.D.Itsfood.2.WhatdoBwindiImpenetrableForestandZhangjiajieNationalForestParkhaveincommon?A.Theyarehometogorillas.B.Theyhavemorethan350birdspecies.C.TheyareontheWorldHeritageSiteList.D.Theyareinspirationsfortraditionalpaintings.3.Whichofthefollowingsuitsbeach-lovers?A.BwindiImpenetrableForest.B.Samburu.C.ZhangjiajieNationalForestPark.D.TheMaldives.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍几个世界上最美丽的地方。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Samburu,Kenya部分“ThankstoitsrelativeinaccessibilityintheheartofKenya,Samburuisahaven(避难所)forsomeofAfrica’smostcharmingwildlife.(由于桑布鲁在肯尼亚的中心地带相对难以接近， 它是非洲一些最迷人的野生动物的天堂)”可知，Samburu位于肯尼亚的腹地，交通相对不便，所以它成为野生动物的天堂是因为位置。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据BwindiImpenetrableForest,Uganda部分“SeveralhundredcallthisUNESCOWorldHeritageSitehome(几百种物种把这个联合国教科文组织世界遗产称为家)”和ZhangjiajieNationalForestPark部分“China’sfirstUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,ZhangjiajieNationalForestParkinHunanProvinceisknownforitstoweringsandstonepillars(柱子).(湖南省张家界国家森林公园是中国第一处联合国教科文组织世界遗产，以其高耸的砂岩柱而闻名)”可知，布温迪密林和张家界地质公园都在联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录上。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据TheMaldives部分“Bestofall,thereareplentyofbeachestogoaround(最棒的是，周围有很多海滩可供游览)”可知，马尔代夫有许多海滩，适合喜欢海滩的人。故选D。BStudentsatSummitElementaryinButler,Pennsylvania,aregrowingmorethantheirminds.UndertheguidanceoflongtimeteacherAngelaEyth,they’vecreatedagenerousgardentobenefitpeopleinneedatnearbyBroadStreetElementary,whoseneighborhoodlacksfresh-produceoptions.Theprojectisnowtwoyearsold,andgoesbeyondplantingandgrowing:Eythandherfelloweducatorsstructurelessonsinscience,mathandmorearoundtheirgarden.“Thekidsareinchargeofeverything,”Eythsays.“They’resoproudofwhatwe’redoinghere.”“Whenwegrewcabbagemystudentsnoticedsomethingwaseatingtheleaves,”Eythrecalls.“Thisledtoaninvestigationintowhatwaseatingthemandhowtostopit:thekidsanalyzedtheevidencetheyfoundandactedasengineersincreatingvariouswaystokeeppests(害虫)outofthecabbagebeds.”Shecontinues,“Peoplethinkgardeningshouldbeseparatefromcoresubjectsbutit’sfarfromthetruth.Thekids’curiositykeepsitrolling.”Thekidsalsokeeptheproducerolling—somuchsothatwitha$70,000grantfromRemakeLearning/GrableFoundation,they’rebuildingafarmstandatBroadStreetElementarythatwillultimatelybringfreshfruits,vegetables,herbsandmoretoanareaoftheircommunityconsideredafooddesert.Peoplewillbeabletogothereandgainthebenefitsoftheharvest.Thisyear’scropincludedpeas,beans,carrots,turnips,squashandpumpkins;plansareinplacetokeepexpandingintheyearsaheadwithitemslikeChristmastrees,asunflowerpatchandapollinatorgarden.“It’samazingthatyoustartwithasmallideaanditcangrow,”Eythsays. 4.WhatcanweknowaboutthecommunitynearBroadStreetElementary?A.Itfocusesonstudents’growth.B.ItinvitesEythtocreateagarden.C.Itsfresh-producevarietyislimited.D.Itreliesonstudentsforfreshproduce.5.HowdoEythandhercolleagueshelpthestudents?A.Byarrangingsubjectsaroundthegarden.B.Byanalyzingthestructureofsubjects.C.Bydecidingwhattoplantinthegarden.D.Byprovidingthemwithjobopportunities.6.Whydidthestudentsconductaninvestigation?A.Toexperiencetheworkofengineers.B.Tomaketheevidencemoreconvincing.C.Tofindwaystoplantvegetableswell.D.Tofigureoutwhatfedoncabbageleaves.7.WhichcanbestdescribethestudentsatSummitElementaryinButler?A.Energeticandhealthy.B.Creativeandresponsible.C.Patientandstrong-willed.D.Cautiousandtalented.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.B【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述宾夕法尼亚州巴特勒市Summit小学的学生们得到的成长远非只在智力方面。在长期担任教师的安吉拉·埃思(AngelaEyth)的指导下，他们为附近有需要的人创建了一个宽敞的菜园，因为那里的社区缺乏新鲜农产品。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“UndertheguidanceoflongtimeteacherAngelaEyth,they’vecreatedagenerousgardentobenefitpeopleinneedatnearbyBroadStreetElementary,whoseneighborhoodlacksfresh-produceoptions.(在长期担任教师的安吉拉·艾思的指导下，他们在附近的布罗德街小学创建了一个慷慨的花园，以造福有需要的人，该小学的社区缺乏新鲜农产品的选择。)”可知，布罗德街小学附近的社区缺乏新鲜农产品的选择，因此那里的生鲜品种有限。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Eythandherfelloweducatorsstructurelessonsinscience,mathandmorearoundtheirgarden.(Eyth和她的教育伙伴们围绕他们的花园组织科学、数学等课程。)”可知，埃思和她的同事围绕菜园安排课程。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thisledtoaninvestigationintowhatwaseatingthemandhowtostopit.(这导致了对它们被什么吃掉以及如何阻止它。)”可知，他们做调查是为了搞清楚什么东西在吃卷心菜叶子以及如何阻止它。故选D。 【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“actedasengineersincreatingvariouswaystokeeppests(害虫)outofthecabbagebeds(作为工程师，创造了各种方法将害虫挡在卷心菜之外)”和第四段“Thekidsareinchargeofeverything.(孩子们掌管一切。)”可知，这些学生既有创造性，同时又负责任。故选B。CAnewdeviceknownasSharkGuardisbeingtrialedwhichgivesoffapulsetoprotectsharksandraysfromfishinghooks(鱼钩).Thedatasofarsuggeststhatithasbeenveryeffectiveinreducingthenumberofsharksandstingrayscaughtbycommercialfishingequipment.Commercialfishingisknowntothreatensharksandraysworldwide.Researchhasfoundthat24percentoftheaveragemonthlyspaceusedbysharksaroundtheworldfallsunderthe-footprintofdistantlonglinefisheries.Thisiswhenhookshangnearthesurfacetocatchfishliketunaandswordfish.Aquarterofsharkhabitatsarewithinactivefishingzones.Itisestimatedthatover20,000,000sharksarecaughtasbycatcheveryyear.Stingraysarealsofrequentlycaughtasbycatch.“Bycatch”referstounwantedfishandmarinecreaturescaughtbycommercialfishingequipment,andistypicallydiscarded(丢弃)overboardeitherdeadordying.SharkGuardwasdesignedbymarinescientiststoprotectsharksandraysfromfishingequipment.Itisasmallbattery-powereddevicethatcanbefastenedonthelinenexttoabaitedhookandgivesoffashortpulseeverytwoseconds.StudyfoundthatthedevicereducedthenumberofbluesharkscaughtinaFrenchlonglinetunafisheryintheMediterraneanby91percent,andstingraysby71percent.Thesearepromisingnumbers,althoughDr.PhilDoherty,leadauthorofthestudy,saidthatSharkGuardshould“bedesignedonacase-by-casebasistoensureit’sfitforpurpose.”8.Whatisthenewdeviceusedtodo?A.Stopsharksbeingcaught.B.Reducethenumberofsharks.C.Confirmascientificguess.D.Preventcommercialhunting.9.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Theplacesfishinghookshang.B.Therangeofcommercialfishing.C.Thebenefitsofprotectingsharks.D.Theharmofcommercialfishing.10.WhatdoesPhilDohertythinkofthedevice?A.Itispromising.B.Itisineffective.C.Itneedsimproving.D.Itisperfectlydesigned. 11.Whatisthetext?A.Adiaryentry.B.Anewsreport.C.Afantasystory.D.Abookreview.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.B【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍一种名为SharkGuard的新设备正在试验中，它能发出脉冲来防止鲨鱼和鳐鱼上钩。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“AnewdeviceknownasSharkGuardisbeingtrialedwhichgivesoffapulsetoprotectsharksandraysfromfishinghooks(鱼钩).Thedatasofarsuggeststhatithasbeenveryeffectiveinreducingthenumberofsharksandstingrayscaughtbycommercialfishingequipment.(一种名为“鲨鱼卫士”的新设备正在试验中，它可以发出脉冲来保护鲨鱼和鳐鱼免受鱼钩的伤害。迄今为止的数据表明，它在减少商业捕鱼设备捕获的鲨鱼和黄貂鱼数量方面非常有效)”和第四段“SharkGuardwasdesignedbymarinescientiststoprotectsharksandraysfromfishingequipment.Itisasmallbattery-powereddevicethatcanbefastenedonthelinenexttoabaitedhookandgivesoffashortpulseeverytwoseconds.(鲨鱼卫士是由海洋科学家设计的，目的是保护鲨鱼和鳐鱼免受捕鱼设备的伤害。这是一种由电池供电的小型设备，可以固定在诱饵钩旁边的绳子上，每两秒钟发出一次短脉冲)”可知，SharkGuard是由海洋科学家设计的，用来防止鲨鱼和鳐鱼进入捕鱼设备。故选A。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Commercialfishingisknowntothreatensharksandraysworldwide.(众所周知，商业捕鱼威胁着全世界的鲨鱼和鳐鱼)”及该段下文内容可知，本段主要介绍了商业捕捞对于鲨鱼造成的危害。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thesearepromisingnumbers,althoughDr.PhilDoherty,leadauthorofthestudy,saidthatSharkGuardshould“bedesignedonacase-by-casebasistoensureit’sfitforpurpose.”(这些都是有希望的数字，尽管该研究的主要作者PhilDoherty博士表示，SharkGuard应该“根据具体情况进行设计，以确保其符合目的。”)”可知，菲尔·多尔蒂博士认为该装置需要改进。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“AnewdeviceknownasSharkGuardisbeingtrialedwhichgivesoffapulsetoprotectsharksandraysfromfishinghooks(鱼钩).Thedatasofarsuggeststhatithasbeenveryeffectiveinreducingthenumberofsharksandstingrayscaughtbycommercialfishingequipment.(一种名为“鲨鱼卫士”的新设备 正在试验中，它可以发出脉冲来保护鲨鱼和鳐鱼免受鱼钩的伤害。迄今为止的数据表明，它在减少商业捕鱼设备捕获的鲨鱼和黄貂鱼数量方面非常有效)”和最后一段“StudyfoundthatthedevicereducedthenumberofbluesharkscaughtinaFrenchlonglinetunafisheryintheMediterraneanby91percent,andstingraysby71percent.Thesearepromisingnumbers,althoughDr.PhilDoherty,leadauthorofthestudy,saidthatSharkGuardshould“bedesignedonacase-by-casebasistoensureit’sfitforpurpose.”(研究发现，该装置使地中海法国延绳金枪鱼渔场捕获的蓝鲨数量减少了91%，黄貂鱼数量减少了71%。这些都是有希望的数字，尽管该研究的主要作者PhilDoherty博士表示，SharkGuard应该“根据具体情况进行设计，以确保其符合目的。”)”可知，本文介绍最新研究结果，由此推知本文属于新闻报道。故选B。DDietcontaininglotsofsaltcancontributetoincreasedlevelsofstress,anewstudyshows.Scientistsfoundinstudiesofmicethatahigh-saltdietincreasedthelevelsofastresshormoneby75percent.Expertshopethefindingswillencourageareviewofpublichealthpolicyaroundsaltconsumption,aimingatmanufacturersreducingtheamountofsaltinprocessedfood.Therecommendedsaltintakeforadultsislessthansixgramsadaybutmostpeopleregularlyeataboutninegrams.Thiscancontributetohigherbloodpressure,whichincreasestherisksofheartattacks,strokesanddementia.Whileeffectsontheheartandcirculatory(循环)systemhavebeenascertained,littlewasknownabouttheimpactofahigh-saltdietonaperson’sbehaviour.Tostudythis,expertsfromtheUniversityofEdinburghusedmice,whoordinarilyhavealow-saltdiet,andgavethemhigh-saltfoodtoreflectthetypicalintakeofhumans.Theyfoundthatnotonlydidrestingstresshormonelevelsincrease,butthemice’shormoneresponsetoenvironmentalstresswasdoublethatofmicethathadanormaldiet.Saltintakeincreasedtheactivityofgenesthatproducetheproteinsinthebrainwhichcontrolhowthebodyrespondstostress.Expertssayfurtherstudiesarealreadyunderwaytounderstandifahigh-saltintakeleadstootherbehaviouralchangessuchasanxietyandaggression.MatthewBailey,professorofRenalPhysiologyattheUniversityofEdinburgh’sCentreforCardiovascularScience,said:“Wearewhatweeatandunderstandinghowhigh-saltfoodchangesourmentalhealthisanimportantsteptoimprovingwellbeing.Weknowthateatingtoomuchsaltdamagesourheart,bloodvessels(血管)andkidneys.Thisstudynowtellsusthathighsaltinourfoodalsochangesthewayourbrainhandlesstress.”12.Whatarethefindingsexpectedtobringabouteventually?A.Manufacturersaddinglesssalttoprocessedfood.B.Peopledebatingthepolicyonpublichealth.C.Decreasedlevelsofstresshormones. D.Reducedamountofprocessedfood.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ascertained”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Ignored.B.Restored.C.Reduced.D.Confirmed.14.Whichofthefollowingmaybeasubjectoffurtherresearch?A.Whatpolicyonsaltshouldbe.B.Howahigh-saltintakeaffectsbloodpressure.C.Howmuchsaltintakeisappropriate.D.Whetherahigh-saltintakecausesanxiety.15.Whatmaybeasuitablelittleforthetext?A.Mostpeopleregularlytakeintoomuchsalt.B.Mentalhealthisimportanttoimprovingwellbeing.C.Dietcontainingmuchsaltincreaseslevelsofstress.D.Lessthansixgramsofsaltadayisrecommended.【答案】12.A13.D14.D15.C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍一项新的研究表明，含有大量盐的饮食会增加压力水平。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Expertshopethefindingswillencourageareviewofpublichealthpolicyaroundsaltconsumption,aimingatmanufacturersreducingtheamountofsaltinprocessedfood.(专家们希望这一发现将鼓励对食盐消费的公共卫生政策进行审查，目的是让制造商减少加工食品中的盐含量。)”可知，该研究结果最终目的是想让食品加工制造商减少食品里面盐的含量。故选A。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Whileeffectsontheheartandcirculatory(循环)systemhavebeenascertained,littlewasknownabouttheimpactofahigh-saltdietonaperson’sbehaviour.(虽然高盐饮食对心脏和循环系统的影响已经ascertained，但人们对高盐饮食会对人的行为产生什么影响知之甚少。)”可知，while前后是对比关系，尽管高盐饮食对心脏和循环系统的影响已经被证实，但是人们对高盐饮食会的不良后果却知道很少。所以ascertained的意思应该是“被证实”，和选项D意思一致。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Expertssayfurtherstudiesarealreadyunderwaytounderstandifahigh-saltintakeleadstootherbehaviouralchangessuchasanxietyandaggression.(专家表示，进一步研究已经在进行中，以 了解高盐摄入是否会导致焦虑和攻击等其他行为变化。)”可知，高盐摄入是否会引起焦虑将是未来研究的课题之一。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Dietcontaininglotsofsaltcancontributetoincreasedlevelsofstress,anewstudyshows.(一项新的研究表明，含有大量盐的饮食会增加压力。)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍含有大量盐的饮食会增加压力水平。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Sciencetellsusthatglobalwarmingisaseriousissueandwe’reseeingitseffectsallaroundus—extremeweatherevents,risingsealevels,andendangeredplantandanimalspeciesgoingextinctonadailybasis.____16____Herearesomewaysyoucanhelpwithinducingglobalwarming.Uselesswater.Ittakesalotofenergytopump,heat,andtreatyourwater.____17____Youcanmakechangesliketakingshortershowers,turningoffthetapwhenyou’rebrushingyourteeth,andswitchingtowater-deficientfixturestoreducetheamountofwateryouuse.Reduce,reuse,andrecycleasmuchaspossible.____18____Takingadvantageofyourlocalorcityprogramtorecycletrashlikepaper,plastic,andglassisoneeasywaytogetstarted.Also,trytobuyproductswithzerowasteoreco-friendlypackagingwheneveryoucan,soyou’reputtinglesstrashinyourbineveryday.Youcanalsodonateitemsyoudon’twantinsteadofthrowingthemaway.____19____You’llbesupportingyourcommunityandgeneratinglesspollution.Oneoftheeasiestwaystobuylocalisbyvisitingyourlocalfarmersmarketsforfreshproduce.Youcanalsobuyitemsforyourhome,likefurniture,fromlocalcraftsmen.Trytosupportlocalbusinessesasoftenaspossible.Talktoothersaboutclimatechange.Spreadthewordsootherpeoplecandotheirparttohelp.Climatechangeaffectseveryone!It’sabitscarytothinkaboutsometimes,butglobalwarmingisimpactingourdailylivesmoreandmoreasyearsgoby.____20____A.Buylocalwheneveryoucan.B.Tumofflightsandunplugyourdevices.C.Producinglesstrasheverydaycanmakeabigdifference.D.Youcanmakesimplechangesathometomakeanimpact. E.Youcancutthepowertoallofthemwiththepressofabutton!F.Justsharingyourconcernwiththepeoplearoundyoucanhelp.G.Simplethingslikereducingwaterconsumptionmakeabigimpact!【答案】16.D17.G18.C19.A20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。全球变暖日益严重，严重影响人类，文章主要指出我们在日常生活中可以为缓解全球变暖所做的改变。【16题详解】上文“Sciencetellsusthatglobalwarmingisaseriousissueandwe’reseeingitseffectsallaroundus—extremeweatherevents,risingsealevels,andendangeredplantandanimalspeciesgoingextinctonadailybasis.(科学告诉我们，全球变暖是一个严重的问题，我们看到它的影响在我们周围随处可见——极端天气事件、海平面上升、濒危动植物物种每天都在灭绝。)”指出全球变暖很严重，并严重影响人类，下文“Herearesomewaysyoucanhelpwithinducingglobalwarming.(这里有一些方法你可以用到来帮助应对全球变暖。)”指出我们可以做一些事情来缓解全球变暖，D项“Youcanmakesimplechangesathometomakeanimpact.(你可以在家里做一些简单的改变来产生影响。)”符合，承上启下，故选D。【17题详解】本段小标题“Uselesswater.(少用水。)”可知，本段主要介绍要节约用水，上文“Ittakesalotofenergytopump,heat,andtreatyourwater.(抽水、加热和处理水需要消耗大量的能量。)”指出抽水、加热和处理水需要消耗大量的能量，所以我们要减少用水量，G项“Simplethingslikereducingwaterconsumptionmakeabigimpact!(比如减少用水量这种非常简单的事情会产生很大的影响！)”符合，承接上文，同时下文“Youcanmakechangesliketakingshortershowers,turningoffthetapwhenyou’rebrushingyourteeth,andswitchingtowater-deficientfixturestoreducetheamountofwateryouuse.(你可以做出一些改变，比如缩短淋浴时间，刷牙时关掉水龙头，改用缺水设备来减少用水量。)”具体列举了如何能减少用水量，故选G。【18题详解】下文“Takingadvantageofyourlocalorcityprogramtorecycletrashlikepaper,plastic,andglassisoneeasywaytogetstarted.Also,trytobuyproductswithzerowasteoreco-friendlypackagingwheneveryoucan,soyou’reputtinglesstrashinyourbineveryday.Youcanalsodonateitemsyoudon’twantinsteadofthrowingthemaway.(利用当地或城市的项目来回收纸张、塑料和玻璃等垃圾是一个简单的开始方法。此外，尽可能购买零垃圾或环保包装的产品，这样你每天的垃圾箱里的垃圾就会减少。你也可以捐赠你不想要的东西，而不是把它们扔掉。)”指出要减少制造垃圾，这样会产生很大影响，C项“Producinglesstrasheverydaycanmakeabigdifference.(每天产生更少的垃圾会产生很大影响。)”符合语境，故选C。 【19题详解】此处是本段小标题。根据下文“You’llbesupportingyourcommunityandgeneratinglesspollution.Oneoftheeasiestwaystobuylocalisbyvisitingyourlocalfarmersmarketsforfreshproduce.Youcanalsobuyitemsforyourhome,likefurniture,fromlocalcraftsmen.Trytosupportlocalbusinessesasoftenaspossible.(你将支持你的社区，减少污染。购买当地产品最简单的方法之一就是到当地的农贸市场购买新鲜农产品。你也可以从当地的工匠那里购买家具等家居用品。尽可能多地支持当地企业。)”可知，本段主要介绍了尽可能在当地购买东西，A项“Buylocalwheneveryoucan.(尽可能在当地购买。)”符合，能概括本段内容，故选A。【20题详解】上文“It’sabitscarytothinkaboutsometimes,butglobalwarmingisimpactingourdailylivesmoreandmoreasyearsgoby.(有时候想起来有点可怕，但是随着时间的推移，全球变暖正在越来越多地影响着我们的日常生活。)”指出全球变暖正在影响我们的日常生活，所以我们要为此做出改变，此处作为结尾起到总结呼吁的作用，F项“Justsharingyourconcernwiththepeoplearoundyoucanhelp.(只要和周围的人分享你的关心就可以帮助（缓解全球变暖）。)”起到呼吁作用，故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ColletteDivittoistryingtochangetheworld—onecookieatatime.TheCEOandbossofherown____21____company,a31-year-oldwomanwithDownsyndrome,isa(n)____22____forotherpeoplewithspecialneedsandshehelps____23____withdisabilitiesgetjobs.After____24____fromClemsonLIFE,aprogramatClemsonUniversity,DivittomovedtoBostonandstartedjobhunting.Butallherapplications____25____rejections.Shegotemailssayingthatshewasnota“goodfit”.Soshedecidedtostartherowncompanyandhireherself.In2016,she____26____Collettey’sCookies.“Iamreallygoodatbaking,”Divittosays.“Itmakesmefeel____27____.Ireallywanttohelpthesepeoplewhohavea(n)____28____andcan’tfindjobs.Thereare85percentofpeoplewithdisabilitieswhoare____29____.Iknowexactlythe_____30_____becauseIwas_____31_____oneofthem.”She’ssoldmorethan550,000cookies.Shealsostarteda501C3non-profitorganization,Collettey’sLeadershipProgram,to_____32_____otherdifferentlyablepeopletofindjobs.Ofhercompany’s15employees,abouthalfhavespecial_____33_____.Apartofhercookiecompany’s_____34_____goestosupportinghernon-profitorganization.“Ithas_____35_____mesomuch,”shesays.“Helpingotherpeopleisamazing.” 21.A.cookieB.computerC.clothingD.design22.A.advertiserB.consumerC.advocateD.visitor23.A.freshmenB.individualsC.athletesD.adults24.A.escapingB.bearingC.recoveringD.graduating25.A.metwithB.resultedfromC.contributedtoD.madeup26.A.savedB.improvedC.followedD.launched27.A.anxiousB.curiousC.happyD.ignorant28.A.disabilityB.ambitionC.purposeD.talent29.A.uneducatedB.unemployedC.unawareD.unknown30.A.principleB.struggleC.commentD.process31.A.frequentlyB.luckilyC.actuallyD.eventually32.A.persuadeB.appointC.remindD.assist33.A.concernsB.needsC.plansD.wishes34.A.profitsB.staffC.accountsD.equipment35.A.amusedB.puzzledC.challengedD.inspired【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.A26.D27.C28.A29.B30.B31.C32.D33.B34.A35.D【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了患有唐氏综合征的科勒特·迪维托（ColletteDivitto）正试图改变世界的故事。她为其他有特殊需求的人争取权益，帮助残疾人找到工作。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她自己的饼干公司的首席执行官兼老板，一位患有唐氏综合症的31岁女性，是其他有特殊需求的人的代言人，她帮助残疾人找到工作。A.cookie曲奇；B.computer电脑；C.clothing衣服；D.design设计。根据上文“ColletteDivittoistryingtochangetheworld—onecookieatatime.”可知，科勒特·迪维托拥有自己的饼干公司。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第1题详解。A.advertiser广告商；B.consumer消费者；C.advocate倡导者；D.visitor成功者。根据下文“forotherpeoplewithspecialneeds”可知，科勒特·迪维托为其他有特殊需求的人做代言。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第1题详解。A.freshmen新手；新生；B.individuals个人；C.athletes运动 员；D.adults成年人。根据下文“withdisabilitiesgetjobs”可知，科勒特·迪维托应该是帮助残疾的人们找工作。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在克莱姆森大学的“克莱姆森生活”项目结束后，迪维托搬到了波士顿，开始找工作。A.escaping逃离；B.bearing容忍；C.recovering康复；D.graduating毕业。根据下文“aprogramatClemsonUniversity”可知，迪维托应该是从克莱姆森大学毕业。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但她所有的申请都被拒绝了。A.metwith遇见；B.resultedfrom因为；C.contributedto贡献；D.madeup化妆。根据下文“rejections”可知，她所有的申请被拒绝了。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2016年，她创办了Collettey’sCookies。A.saved挽救；B.improved改善；C.followed跟随；D.launched开始从事；创办。根据上文“Soshedecidedtostartherowncompanyandhireherself.”可知，在被拒绝之后，迪维托开始自己开公司。故选D。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它让我很高兴。A.anxious焦虑的；B.curious好奇的；C.happy高兴的；D.ignorant忽略的。根据上文“Iamreallygoodatbaking”可知，迪维托很擅长烘焙，所以做曲奇饼干应该会让她很高兴。故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我真的很想帮助那些有残疾而找不到工作的人。A.disability残疾；B.ambition抱负；C.purpose目的；D.talent才能。根据下文“Thereare85percentofpeoplewithdisabilitieswhoare____9____.”可知，迪维托要帮助残疾人。故选A。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：85%的残疾人没有工作的。A.uneducated文盲的；B.unemployed失业的；C.unaware没意识到的；D.unknown未知的。根据上文“Ireallywanttohelpthesepeoplewhohavea(n)____8____andcan’tfindjobs.”可知，残疾人找不到工作，所以他们是没有工作的。故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我确切地知道其中的艰难，因为我实际上就是其中之一。A.principle原则；B.struggle挣扎；很费劲的事；难事；C.comment评论；D.process过程。根据上文“Ireallywanttohelpthesepeoplewhohavea(n)____8____andcan’tfindjobs.”可知，迪维托确切地知道因为残疾而找不到工作是很难的。故选B。【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：见第10题详解。A.frequently频繁地；B.luckily幸运地；C.actually实际上；D.eventually最后。根据下文“oneofthem”可知，这里是要强调实际上她自己也是残疾人。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她还创办了一个501C3非营利组织Collettey’sLeadershipProgram，帮助其他能力不同的人找到工作。A.persuade说服；B.appoint约定；C.remind提醒；D.assist帮助。根据上文“Ireallywanttohelpthesepeoplewhohavea(n)____8____andcan’tfindjobs.”可知，迪维托是想帮助那些残疾人找到工作。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她的公司的15名员工中，约有一半有特殊需求。A.concerns关心；B.needs需要；C.plans计划；D.wishes希望。根据上文“Shealsostarteda501C3non-profitorganization,Collettey’sLeadershipProgram,to____12____otherdifferentlyablepeopletofindjobs.”可知，迪维托的员工应该很多都是残疾人，所以他们会有特殊需求。故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的饼干公司的一部分利润用于支持她的非营利组织。A.profits利润；B.staff员工；C.accounts账户；D.equipment设备。根据下文“goestosupportinghernon-profitorganization”可知，要支持她的非营利组织，她应该是把她的饼干公司的一部分利润用在上面。故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它使我很受鼓舞。A.amused使高兴；B.puzzled使困惑；C.challenged挑战；D.inspired鼓舞；启发。根据下文“Helpingotherpeopleisamazing.”可知，帮助他人的效果让迪维托感到很吃惊，所以说对她的鼓舞也很多。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。Chinese-madecabins(小屋)areprovidingWorldCupfanswithabudgetaccommodationoptioninQatar,acountry____36____thehotelroomsareexpensiveandhardtocomebyduringthetournament.Afanvillage____37____(consist)of6,000suchcabinsiswelcomingguestsinDoha.Targetingcustomersonalowerbudget,the3.1square-kilometersitecanhouseup____38____12,000people,andfeaturesfacilitiessuchasametrostation,busstop,temporaryrestaurantandstore,whichmaketheirstay____39____(convenience).Eachcabin,designedtoaccommodateoneortwopeople,____40____(contain)basicfurnitureincludingtwinbeds,nightstands,asmalltableandchair,airconditioning,atoiletandashower.____41____(compare)withQatar’shotels,thefanvillageisa____42____(relative)cheapoption,witheachcabincostingaround$200anight.Thecontainer-stylecabins____43____(produce)inChinaseveralmonthsago,mostlybyfactoriesin GuangdongandZhejiangprovinces.Chinese____44____(company)haveprovidedabout10,000suchcabinstoQatarWorldCuporganizers.“ThecomponentsofthecabinswereshippedtoQatar,afterwhichthelocalworkersassembled(组装)thecabinslikebuildingLegohouses.Itonlytakesaboutfourhoursfortwoorthree_____45_____(experience)workerstofinishassemblingeachcabin,”explainedCCTVreporterZhaoYuanfang.【答案】36.where37.consisting38.to39.convenient40.contains41.Compared42.relatively43.wereproduced44.companies45.experienced【解析】【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要介绍中国制造的小屋为在卡塔尔的世界杯球迷提供了一种经济实惠的住宿选择。【36题详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国制造的客舱小屋正在卡塔尔为世界杯球迷提供经济实惠的住宿选择，在比赛期间，卡塔尔酒店房间很贵，很难找到。分析句子结构可知，____1____thehotelroomsareexpensiveandhardtocomebyduringthetournament是定语从句，先行词country是在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故填where。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一个由6000间这样的小屋组成的粉丝村正在多哈欢迎客人。分析句子结构可知，此处需要非谓语形式。consist是不及物动词，不用被动语态，所以用现在分词形式，作后置定语。故填consisting。【38题详解】考查介词。句意：针对预算较低客户，这片3.1平方公里的场地可容纳多达1.2万人，并设有地铁站、公交车站、临时餐厅和商店等设施，使他们的住宿更加方便。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要介词to，意为“达到”，短语upto“多达”的意思。故填to。【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：见第3题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，此处为makesth.+adj.，需要用形容词形式作宾补。故填convenient。【40题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：每个客舱设计可容纳一到两人，包含基本家具，包括双人床、床头柜、小桌椅、空调、厕所和淋浴。此处描述现在的事实情况，所以用一般现在时，主语Eachcabin为单数形式，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填contains。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：相比之下，与卡塔尔的酒店相比，球迷村是一个（相对）便宜的选择，每间小屋每晚的价格约为200美元。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词compare和句子主语thefanvillage是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词形式，作状语，表示被动。短语comparedto/with...意为“与……相比”。故填Compared。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：见第6题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，此处用副词修饰形容词cheap。故填relatively。【43题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：集装箱式客舱小屋几个月前在中国生产，主要由广东省和浙江省的工厂生产。分析句子结构和意思可知，句子有时间状语severalmonthsago，谓语应用一般过去时态，句子主语Thecontainer-stylecabins和动词produce是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态结构，be动词用were。故填wereproduced。【44题详解】考查名词的数。句意：中国公司已向卡塔尔世界杯组织者提供了约10000间此类客舱。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词作主语，谓语动词是have，复数形式，所以名词也要用复数形式。故填companies。【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：两三名经验丰富的工人只需要大约四个小时就可以完成每个舱室的组装。分析句子结构和意思可知，此处需要形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词workers。experienced“有经验的”。故填experienced。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.为了提高学生写好中国字的意识，你校举行了书法比赛。请你给校英文报写一则报道，内容包括：1.时间和地点； 2.比赛情况。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。ACalligraphyCompetition____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:ACalligraphyCompetitionInordertoraiseallthestudents’awarenessoftheimportanceofbeautifulhandwriting,ourschoolheldacalligraphycompetitionintheschoollecturehalllastFriday.Morethan50studentsactivelyparticipatedinit.Eachofthemhandedinaworkinhalfanhour,whichtheythinkcanrepresenttheirtruelevel.Afterallthestudentsfinishedtheirworks,10teachers,including3expertsinvitedfromtheprofessionalorganizations,gradedthem.Intheend,20studentswonprizesofferedbyourschool.Allinall,thecompetitionissuchasuccessthateveryoneinvolvedbenefitsalotfromit.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生就你校举行的书法比赛给校英文报写一则报道，内容包括：时间和地点；比赛情况。【详解】1.词汇积累参加：participatein→takepartin完成：finish→complete最后：Intheend→Finally提供：offer→provide2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Intheend,20studentswonprizesofferedbyourschool.拓展句：Intheend,20studentswonprizeswhichwereofferedbyourschool.【点睛】[高分句型1]Eachofthemhandedinaworkinhalfanhour,whichtheythinkcanrepresenttheirtruelevel.(运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2]Allinall,thecompetitionissuchasuccessthateveryoneinvolvedbenefitsalotfromit.(运用了such...that句型，引导结果状语从句)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Brent’sHillwaswithoutdoubtthebestsledding(滑雪橇)hillimaginable—incrediblyhighatthetop,along,andsteep(陡峭)runinthemiddleandaflatstretchatthebottom.Todaytheconditionswereperfectforsledding.Wehadwatchedalldayfromthewindowsofourclassrooms,lookingforwardtocarryingoutourplan.Thethoughtofourplanswasalmosttoomuch.Icouldn’tkeepmymindonmystudiesatall.Theorangetabletopconsumedmythoughts.Itwasreadytogo!Itwasanideathathitusjustyesterday.Wehadbeenplayinghide-and-seekwhenwenoticedtheroundtabletopleaningagainstthewallofourhouse.Therestofthetablehadlongsincedisappeared.Nooneknewwhymydadhadkeptthetop.Itwasaboutfourfeetacross,weighedanunbelievablenumberofpounds,andmoreimportantly,itwasbrightorange.Myfatherhadsprayedittheprevioussummerwithorangepaintinthehopeofpreservingitforonemoreyear.Whocameupwiththeideaofusingthetabletopasasled?Ican’tremember,butweallknewitwasbrilliant.Historywouldbemade.Icouldseeitnow.Wewouldflydownthehill,easilypassingeveryoneelse.Whetherwewouldtakethesaferroutetotheleft,orthenarrower,morechallengingonetotherightwasthedecisionwethoughtof.Therewere,ofcourse,advantagesanddisadvantagestoboth.“Billy,you’redaydreamingagain,”blamedMr.Kenniger.“YouarenevergoingtogetthroughGradeSixifyoucontinuelikethis.”Iputmyheadbackdownandpretendedtobestudying.Icouldnotaffordtobeleftbehindatschool!Eventuallyitwas3:30andtheclasswasdismissed.Iwasfree!Theplanwasset.Wewouldracehomeandmeetinmybackyardtogetthetabletop.Thetabletopwastooheavytocarry,sobigTom,MaryandItookturnsrollingittoourdestination——Brent’shill.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Ontheway,wetalkedabouttheadventureexcitedly.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________Lookingdownfromthetopofthesteephill,wehesitated,butTomdecidedtohaveatry.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Ontheway,wetalkedabouttheadventureexcitedly.Wediscussedwhichroutewewouldtake,howwewouldcontrolthetabletop,andmostimportantly,whowouldhavethefirstturn.WoulditbeTom,Maryorme?Weallwantedtobethefirst.Soonwestoodatthetopofthehill.Conditionswereexcellent.Butwechangedourmindaswestareddownthehill.Itseemedsteeperthanusual.Giventhis,theurgetobethefirstonedownthehilllostitsappeal.Lookingdownfromthetopofthesteephill,wehesitated,butTomdecidedtohaveatry.Afterall,hewasolderandhadmuchexperience.ThenwehelpedTomsettleinthetabletopandwantedtoletgoofit.Butatthatmoment,weheardavoicecalling.ItwasMr.Kenniger.Heranovertous.Itturnedoutthathealsolikedsledding.Thenhecheckedourtabletopandsharedwithussomeskills.Withhimbeingwithus,ourcouragecameback.Thatafternoon,wehadaverygoodtime.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述作者在上课的时候跑神，一直在想着去布伦特山滑雪的事情，他想到用父亲那个废弃的桌面当雪橇，于是下课后作者和朋友搬着桌面朝雪山走去。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“在路上，我们兴奋地谈论着这次冒险。”可知，第一段可描写他们去布伦特山路上发生的事情。②由第二段首句内容“从陡峭的山顶往下看，我们犹豫了一下，但汤姆决定试一试。”可知，第二段可描写他们在布伦特山上滑雪橇时发生的事情。2.续写线索：讨论路线和技巧——争做第一个——害怕——碰见Mr.Kenniger——分享经验——重拾信心——玩得很高兴3.词汇激活行为类：①讨论：discuss/talkabout②控制：control/hold ③看见：stare/watch情绪类：①欲望：urge/desire②勇气：courage/bravery【点睛】【高分句型1】Wediscussedwhichroutewewouldtake,howwewouldcontrolthetabletop,andmostimportantly,whowouldhavethefirstturn.（由which，how和who引导的宾语从句）【高分句型2】Butwechangedourmindaswestareddownthehill.（由as引导的时间状语从句）【高分句型3】Itturnedoutthathealsolikedsledding.（由that引导的主语从句）听力答案：1—5CBACA6—10ACBCB11—15CACCB16—20AABCC