山西省阳泉市2023届高三英语下学期三模试题（Word版附解析）

2023年阳泉市高三年级第三次模拟测试试题英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时。选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.听力满分30分，不计入总分。4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题.从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.Stayathome.B.Buyabook.C.Gotothecountryside.2.Whatwillthewomaneat?A.Eggsandvegetables.B.Fruitandvegetables.C.Toastandfruit.3.Whomisthewomanspeakingto?A.Arepairman.B.Asalesman.C.Areceptionist.4Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewatch?A.Hethinksitlooksawesome.B.Hefeelsitisexpensive.C.Hecan’ttellifitisdifferent.5.Whatdoesthemanmeanintheend?A.Hewon’tbeabletowatchthegame.B.Hewon’tplayinthegame.,C.He’llgotoseeadoctorthisweekend.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)请听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项、并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Managerandassistant.B.Headmasterandteacher.C.Interviewerandapplicant.7.Whatisthestrengthofthewoman?A.Beingcreative.B.Beingcooperative.C.Beingcompetitive.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatkindofpartyisthewomanplanning?A.Herbirthdayparty.B.TheNewYear’sparty.C.Acompanyparty.9.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Helptheman.B.Tellthemanwhattodo.C.Finishthepreparationsbyherself.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题10.Whatkindofmedicinewillthewoman’sdaughtertake?A.Liquid.B.Tablets.C.Capsules.11.Whenshouldthelittlegirltakethemedicineaccordingtotheman’sadvice?A.Beforebedtime.B.Onehouraftermeals.C.Twohoursbeforemeals.12.Whereareprobablythetwospeakers?A.Inahospital.B.Inaclinic.C.Inadrugstore.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题13.WhatdidthemanplantodonextSaturday?A.Haveapartywithhisfriends.B.Seethehousewiththewoman.C.Playbasketballwithotherguys.14.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthemanatfirst?A.Heislazy.B.Heisselfish.C.Heishardworking.15.Whenwillthewomanmoveatlast?A.OnSundayB.OnSaturdayC.OnFriday.16.Whichofthefollowingsurprisestheman?A.Movingearlyinthemorning.,B.Borrowinghiscarforthewholeday.C.WorkingonSaturday.听第10段材料，回答第17至第20题。17.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Ameasuretodealwithbeingoverweight.B.Aschooltooffercookinglessons.C.Awaytosetupcookeryclubs.18.Whatdoweknowaboutthecookinglessons?A.Theywillbegiveninprimaryschools.B.Theywillbeprovidedonehouraweek.C.Theywilllastforthewholeschoolyear.19.Whyareschoolssettingup“Let’sGetCooking”clubs?A.Toteachchildrentocookhealthyfood.BTotrainmorecookeryteachersforschools.C.Tohelpstudentsremembersimplerecipes.20.Whatdoesthegovernmentpromisetodo?A.Buytheequipment.B.Buildnewkitchens.C.Helppoorstudents.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分60分)第一节(共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ARoborockQ5+iLifeV3sProRobotEufyRoboVae11SiRobotRoombaS9+SamsungJetBotAl+RoborockQ5+Roborock’smidrangemodelovercomesmostofthelimitationsofrobotvacuums.It’seasytoclean,mapsroomsflawlessly,andgoesfaronacharge.Itdoesn’tsensewhenitsbinisfullbutcanfollowvoicecommands.Price:$500.roborock.comSource:Wired,iLifeV3sProRobotAbudgetalternative,thismachine“outperformedmuchmoreexpensivevacuums.”Youcontrolitwitharemote,notanapp.Butit’sthorough,avoidsobstacles,andhasnobrushesthatwouldrequireregularcleaningtoremovefurandhair.Price:$165,iliferobot.comSource:BetterHomes&GardensEufyRoboVac11SThisbudgetoptionis“surprisinglythorough.”Itcleansmorerandomlybecauseitdoesn’tmapyourspaceanditdoesn’temptyitsownbin.Butit’squieterthanitssmartrivalsand“agreatvalueforlighteverydaymaintenance.”Price:$140.eufy.comSource:WallStreetJournaliRobotRoombaS9+Roomba’stop-endmodelcan’tmatchthecleaningpowerofatraditionalvacuum,butithasfewroboticrivalsonthatscore.Anotherplus:Thebinisautomaticallyemptiedintoadisposablebaginthedockingstation.Price:$799,irobot.comSource:ConsumerReportsSamsungJetBotAI+Thoughthispriceyvacuumdelivers“belowaverage”cleaningperformance,it’sgood-looking,gentleonfurniture,andis“packedfulloffeatures.”Itcanevendoubleasapatrollingsecuritycamerathatwilllive-streamtoyourphone.Price:$1,300,samsung.comSource:Tom’sGuide1.WhichofthefollowingfeaturesbelongstoiLifeV3sProRobot?A.Itiscontrolledbyaremote.B.Itmakesnonoisewhencleaning.C.Itsbrushesneedsnomaintenance.D.Itscameraworksasamonitor.2.Whichvacuumcanclearthebinbyitself?A.RoborockQS+B.EufyRoboVac11SC.iRobotRoombaS9+D.SamsungJetBotAI+3.WhatisprobablythemajorreasonforconsumerstochooseSamsungJetBotAI+?A.Itsappearance.B.Itsfunction.C.Itsprice.D.Itssource.,【答案】1.A2.C3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了五款吸尘器。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据iLifeV3sProRobot部分“Abudgetalternative,thismachine“outperformedmuchmoreexpensivevacuums.”Youcontrolitwitharemote,notanapp.(作为一种经济实惠的替代品，这台机器“比更昂贵的吸尘器表现更好”。你可以用遥控器而不是应用程序来控制它。)”可知，iLifeV3sProRobot的特点之一是用遥控器来控制。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据iRobotRoombaS9+部分的“Anotherplus:Thebinisautomaticallyemptiedintoadisposablebaginthedockingstation.(另一个优点是：垃圾箱会自动倒进坞站的一次性袋子里)”可知，iRobotRoombaS9+的垃圾箱可以自动把垃圾倒进坞站的一次性袋子里。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据SamsungJetBotAI+部分的“Thoughthispriceyvacuumdelivers“belowaverage”cleaningperformance,it’sgood-looking,gentleonfurniture,andis“packedfulloffeatures.”Itcanevendoubleasapatrollingsecuritycamerathatwilllive-streamtoyourphone.(尽管这种昂贵的吸尘器的清洁性能“低于平均水平”，但它很好看，对家具很温和，而且“功能齐全”。它甚至可以兼作巡逻安全摄像头，实时传输到你的手机)”推知，消费者选这款吸尘器的主要原因可能是它的外观。故选A。BAttheageofseven,whilehisfriendswerespendingtheirpocketmoneyonunimportantthingslikecandyandtoys,Josewasbusysavingmoneyformorenecessarythings.Totrytogethispeerstodothesame,theyoungsterfromPerucameupwiththenewideaofaneco-bank,whichallowskidsofallagestobecomeeconomicallyindependentandfinanciallyintelligent-whilealsohelpingtheenvironment.Foundedin2012,theBartselanaStudentBankistheworld'sfirstcooperativebankforkids.Possiblemembershavetobringinatleast5kilogramsofsolidwasteandsetasavingsgoal.Onceaccepted,allbankpartnersarerequiredtobankatleastoneadditionalkilogramofrecyclablesonamonthlybasis.Thewasteissoldtolocalrecyclingcompanies.Thefundsreceivedareplacedintheindividual'saccountwheretheycollectuntilhis/hersavingsgoalisreached.Theaccountholdercanthentakeouthis/hermoney,orchoosetoleaveitandcontinuetogrowforabiggergoal.Theyoungster'sdeterminationpaidoff,andby2013,theBartselanaStudentBankhadover200members.Thingshaveonlyimprovedsince.Today,theeco-bankisproudofteneducationalcenters.Theyaredesignedto,teachover3,000teenagerstobecomeeconomicallyindependent,invest(投资)wisely,andhelptheenvironment.NowtheBartselanaStudentBankbeganacceptingapplicationsfromkidsallacrossPeru.Notsurprisingly,Jose'seffortshaveearnedtheyoungsterseveralnationalandinternationalawards,whichwonhimabout$5,500.“Jose'seco-bankisabrilliantwayoflinkingeconomyandclimateeffect,bothinthoughtandpractice.Thesystemclearlyshowsthattheplanet'scommonresourcesarelimitedandthatwemustrecycletheproductswenolongeruse,”ajudgesaid.“Itcreatesviewpointofconsumption(消费).Thiswaycaringabouttheenvironmentbecomesaninvestment,asystemthatgiveschildrenbotheconomicindependenceandpowertoinfluencetheclimate.Thepotentialimpactisamazing.”4.InwhichaspectdoesJosestandoutfromotherkids?A.Hedidbetteratstudies.B.Hedidn'tlikecandyandtoys.C.Hemanagedhispocketmoneymorewisely.D.Hecamefromawealthyfamilybackground.5.Whatdoes“allbankpartners”inParagraph2referto?A.Localrecyclingcompanies.B.Thekidsbringinginrecyclables.C.Thebankstaffworkinginthebank.D.Thecustomerssavingmoney.6.WhatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellusbytheexamplesinParagraph3?A.Jose'spioneeringeffortswererichlyrewarded.B.Josehelped3000teenagerspayofftheirdebts.C.Josecontributedtotheenvironmentalprotection.D.Jose'sideahelpedhimwinaprizeworth$5.500.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.KidsinPeruAreChangingTheirConsumptionHabits.B.PeruKidsLearnedtoBecomeEconomicallyIndependent.C.Jose'sIdeaisRaisingViewpointsofEnvironmentalProtection.D.APeruEco-BankTeachesKidsAboutFinanceAndRecycling.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jose创立了一家秘鲁生态银行，向孩子们教授金融和循环利用的故事。【4题详解】,细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Attheageofseven,whilehisfriendswerespendingtheirpocketmoneyonunimportantthingslikecandyandtoys,Josewasbusysavingmoneyformorenecessarythings.（七岁的时候，当他的朋友们把零用钱花在糖果和玩具等不重要的东西上时，乔斯却忙着存钱买更需要的东西。）”可知，Jose比其他孩子突出的点在于可以更明智的管理零花钱。故选C项。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第二段“Foundedin2012,theBartselanaStudentBankistheworld'sfirstcooperativebankforkids.（成立于2012年的巴特塞拉纳学生银行是世界上第一家儿童合作银行。）”及“Onceaccepted,allbankpartnersarerequiredtobankatleastoneadditionalkilogramofrecyclablesonamonthlybasis.（一旦被接受，所有的银行合作伙伴必须每月至少多存一公斤可回收垃圾。）”可知，“allbankpartners”指的是带来可回收垃圾的儿童。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Theyoungster'sdeterminationpaidoff,andby2013,theBartselanaStudentBankhadover200members.（这个年轻人的决心得到了回报，到2013年，巴特塞拉纳学生银行已经拥有了200多名会员。）”和“Notsurprisingly,Jose'seffortshaveearnedtheyoungsterseveralnationalandinternationalawards,whichwonhimabout$5,500.”（不出所料，Jose的努力为这位年轻人赢得了几个国家和国际的奖，为他赢得了大约5500美元）可知，第三段主要通过事例讲述了Jose的努力所得到的回报。故选A项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Foundedin2012,theBartselanaStudentBankistheworld'sfirstcooperativebankforkids.（成立于2012年的巴特塞拉纳学生银行是世界上第一家儿童合作银行。）”及文章最后一段“Thiswaycaringabouttheenvironmentbecomesaninvestment,asystemthatgiveschildrenbotheconomicindependenceandpowertoinfluencetheclimate.（这样，对环境的关心就变成了一种投资，一种给予孩子们经济独立和影响气候的能力的系统。）”及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了秘鲁的一家生态银行向孩子们教授金融和循环利用。故选D项。CAskChatGPTtowriteafive-paragraphessayonthesymbolismof“TheGreatGatsby”anditwillproducearesponsewithinseconds.Pluginanalgebraequation(代数方程式)anditcansolveitalmostinstantlyandevenexplainitsprocess.That’snotall.Thecapabilitiesoftheartificialintelligencechatbottool,launchedinNovember2022bySanFrancisco-basedstartupOpenAIarevast.Itcanfixspellingandgrammarerrors,givefeedbackonwriting,writepoemsandsongs,createlessonplansforteachersandmuchmore.Itdoesitallinhuman-soundingtextandwithhigh,efficiency.Butitspresencehasreceivedmixedresponses.Duetotheprobabilityforplagiarismandcheating,NewYorkCityPublicSchools,thelargestschooldistrictintheU.S.,announcedinearlyJanuary2023thatitwasbanningChatGPTacrossalldistrictdevicesandnetworks.Educatorsareconcernedtheapplicationwillfundamentallychangehowwritingistaughtandwillimpactstudents’abilitiestocraftideasontheirown.Some,onthecontrary,saytheyareexcitedaboutitspotentialtoadvancelearningforsomestudentsandbecomeavaluabletoolineducation.Thoseteachersareenvisioningwaystoadapttheirteachingtoincorporateitintheirlessons.KellyGibson,anEnglishteacherinruralOregon,ishavingherstudentsanalyzeessayswrittenbyChatGPTandfindwaysthattheycanbeimproved.“It’sdefinitelyscary.Iunderstandthedesiretopanic.”saysTorreyTrust,associateprofessoroflearningtechnologyattheUniversityofMassachusetts.“TeachersandstudentsshouldseeChatGPTasahelpfultool,muchlikeacalculatormightbeinmathclass,butitcannotdoateacher’sjob.It’stheretohelpteachersreachtheirlearningaims.Whetherit’sChatGPToranothertechnologydowntheroad,AIisn’tgoingawayand,ifanything,islikelytobemoreofapartofclassrooms.”8.Whatdoestheauthormostlikelytotellinthefirstparagraph?A.Thetoolisquickoffthemark.B.Thetoolissmarterthanpeople.C.Thetoolstoresamountsofinformation.D.Thetoolexcelsatwritingandcalculating.9.WhydidNewYorkCityPublicSchoolsforbidChatGPTacrossalldistrictdevicesandnetworks?A.Becauseofthequickcalculationofthemonthlycost.B.Becauseoftheprobabilityofthecheatinginthestudy.C.Becauseoftheapplicationofchangingthewritinghabits.D.Becauseofthecomplicatedresponsesofitspresentusage.10.HowdoesTorreyTrustviewChatGPT?A.Skeptical.B.Indifferent.C.Objective.D.Sensitive.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AlmightychatGPT.B.PowerfulOpenAI.C.ConfusingOpenALD.ControversialChatGPT.【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.D【解析】,【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们对ChatGPT的不同看法，有的认为它会引起抄袭和作弊的可能性，而另一些人认为它是促进教育和学习的有用工具。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“AskChatGPTtowriteafive-paragraphessayonthesymbolismof“TheGreatGatsby”anditwillproducearesponsewithinseconds.Pluginanalgebraequation(代数方程式)anditcansolveitalmostinstantlyandevenexplainitsprocess.(请ChatGPT写一篇关于《了不起的盖茨比》象征意义的五段文章，几秒钟内就会得到回应。输入代数方程它几乎可以立即解决问题，甚至可以解释其过程)”可知，ChatGPT能够快速且完美地解决各种问题。由此推知，作者通过第一段想要告诉读者ChatGPT储存了大量信息，故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Duetotheprobabilityforplagiarismandcheating,NewYorkCityPublicSchools,thelargestschooldistrictintheU.S.,announcedinearlyJanuary2023thatitwasbanningChatGPTacrossalldistrictdevicesandnetworks.(由于抄袭和作弊的可能性，美国最大的学区纽约市公立学校于2023年1月初宣布，将禁止所有学区设备和网络使用ChatGPT)”可知，美国纽约市公立学校禁止所有学区设备和网络使用ChatGPT是，因为它会导致在学习中出现抄袭和作弊的可能性。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“It’sdefinitelyscary.Iunderstandthedesiretopanic.(这绝对很可怕。我理解恐慌的欲望)”和““TeachersandstudentsshouldseeChatGPTasahelpfultool,muchlikeacalculatormightbeinmathclass,butitcannotdoateacher’sjob.It’stheretohelpteachersreachtheirlearningaims.Whetherit’sChatGPToranothertechnologydowntheroad,AIisn’tgoingawayand,ifanything,islikelytobemoreofapartofclassrooms.”(“老师和学生应该把ChatGPT视为一种有用的工具，就像数学课上的计算器一样，但它不能完成老师的工作。它是用来帮助老师实现学习目标的。无论是ChatGPT还是未来的另一种技术，人工智能都不会消失，如果有什么不同的话，它很可能会成为课堂的一部分。”)”可知，TorreyTrust理解人们的恐慌，但同时建议老师和学生应该把ChatGPT看作一种有用的工具。由此推知，TorreyTrust对ChatGPT的看法是客观的。故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了人们对ChatGPT的不同看法，有的认为它会引起抄袭和作弊的可能性，而另一些人认为它是促进教育和学习的有用工具。因此D项“ControversialChatGPT.(有争议的ChatGPT.)”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。DAnewstudy,publishedintheJournalofExperimentalPsychology,foundthatcommunicationthatincluded,voice,likeaphonecallorvideochat,createdstrongersocialbondsthancommunicationthroughtyping,liketextmessagingoremail.Inthestudy,researchersusedvariousexperimentstomeasureconnectedness.Inone,theyasked200peopletomakepredictionsaboutwhatitwouldbeliketoreconnectwithanoldfriendbyemailorbyphoneandthenaskedpeopleatrandomtodooneortheother.Althoughpeopleexpectedthataphonecallwouldbemoreawkward,hearingsomeone’svoiceactuallymadetheexperiencebetter.“Peoplereportedtheydidformasignificantlystrongerbondwiththeiroldfriendonthephonethanbyemail,andtheydidnotfeelmoreawkward,”studyco-authorAmitKumar,anassistantprofessorofmarketingattheMcCombsSchoolofBusiness,saidinastatement.Inanotherexperiment,theresearchershadstrangersconnectbyeithertexting,talkingovervideochat,ortalkingusingonlyaudio.Theyfoundthatbothformsofvoicecommunication—whethervideooraudioonly—madethestrangersfeelsignificantlymoreconnectedthanwhentheycommunicatedbytexting.SabrinaRomanoff,aHarvardtrainedclinicalpsychologistbasedinNewYorkCity,sayspeopletendtotextoremailinsteadofcallingbecauseofconvenience,astheyseeitasacontrolledformofcommunicationwheretheycan“exchangeinformationexactlyinthewaytheyintendwithoutunexpectedadditionsbytheotherperson.”Romanoffsaysthatinreality,textingcanmakeithardtodeterminethetruemeaningbehindaconversation.“Aphonecallisactuallymoreconvenientwhenconsideringtheexacteffectsofthemessage.”sheexplains.“Eachpartyismorepresent,andtherefore,abletomeasurethemeaningbehindthecontentwithoutreflectingontheendlesspossiblemeaningsbehindwords.”12.Howwasthestudycarriedout?A.Byanalyzingdata.B.Byinterviewingexperts.C.Bydoingexperiments.D.Bydoingonlineresearch.13.Whatdidpeopleexpectbeforemakingaphonecallintheexperiment?A.Emailwouldhelpthemformastrongerbond.B.Hearingsomeone’svoicewouldbeawkward.C.Astrongerbondwouldbeformedonthephone.D.Hearingsomeone’svoicemadetheexperiencebetter.14.Whatcanweinferfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Textinghelpstoexchangeinformationexactly.B.Peoplecankeepthemessageundercontrolbytexting.C.Romanoffdoesn’tagreewiththeresultofthestudy.,D.Callingmakesiteasiertogettheexactmessage.15.Whatdoesthetextfocuson?A.Speeechformsstrongersocialbondsthantexting.B.Makingaphonecallissignificantlyconvenient.C.Callingandtextingbecomeobviouslydifferent.D.Introductionleadstotheresultofanewstudy.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现语音比文字（打电话比发短信）能建立更强的社交纽带。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Inthestudy,researchersusedvariousexperimentstomeasureconnectedness.(在这项研究中，研究人员使用了各种实验来测量连通性)”可知，研究人员通过试验来进行研究的。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Inone,theyasked200peopletomakepredictionsaboutwhatitwouldbeliketoreconnectwithanoldfriendbyemailorbyphoneandthenaskedpeopleatrandomtodooneortheother.Althoughpeopleexpectedthataphonecallwouldbemoreawkward,hearingsomeone’svoiceactuallymadetheexperiencebetter.(在其中一项研究中，他们让200人预测通过电子邮件或电话与一位老朋友重新联系会是什么样子，然后随机让人们做其中一项。尽管人们认为打电话会更尴尬，但听到别人的声音实际上会让体验更好)”可知，在打电话前人们认为听到另一个人的声音会有点尴尬。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Romanoffsaysthatinreality,textingcanmakeithardtodeterminethetruemeaningbehindaconversation.“Aphonecallisactuallymoreconvenientwhenconsideringtheexacteffectsofthemessage.”sheexplains.“Eachpartyismorepresent,andtherefore,abletomeasurethemeaningbehindthecontentwithoutreflectingontheendlesspossiblemeaningsbehindwords.”(罗曼诺夫说，事实上，发短信会让人很难确定对话背后的真正含义。“考虑到信息的确切效果，打电话实际上更方便。”她解释道。“每一方都更在场，因此能够衡量内容背后的含义，而无需反思词语背后无尽的可能含义。”)”推知，打电话可以更容易地得到确切的信息。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据第一段“Anewstudy,publishedintheJournalofExperimentalPsychology,foundthatcommunicationthatincludedvoice,likeaphonecallorvideochat,createdstrongersocialbondsthancommunicationthroughtyping,liketextmessagingoremail.(发表在《实验心理学杂志》上的一项新研究发,现，包括语音在内的交流，如电话或视频聊天，比通过打字（如短信或电子邮件）建立更牢固的社会纽带)”可知，文章主要讲述比起短信来，语言能建立更强的社会纽带。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyonemayfacedifficultcircumstances.____16____Thefollowingtipscanhelpyoutofindyourcourageanduseittoincreaseyoursuccess!BeFlexible.Whenyouarepursuingyourgoals,youmaysuddenlyhitaroadblockandallmovementcomestoastandstill.Whenyouhitaroadblock,don’tthrowoutyourentireplan.Takeamomenttostepbackfromthesituationandfigureouthowtoadaptyourplantohandletheroadblock.Beflexibleinyourapproach.___17___BuildSupport.Longbeforeyouencounteranyobstacles,itisimportantthatyouarealwaysbuildingyournetworkofsupport.___18___Surroundyourselfwiththepeoplewhowillencourageyouandhelpyouhavethestrengthanddeterminationtokeepgoing.___19___Duringtimesofadversity,it’simportantthatyoudon’tfocusonnegativeemotions.Ratherthandwellingoneventsandmistakesthatyoumayhavejustmade,leavetheminyourpast.Youcanlearnlessonsfromthosemistakesandthenletthemgo.Moveonbyfocusingonthefutureandwhatyourlifewillbelikewhenyouachieveyourgoals.It’stheSmallThingsthatMatter.Whenhardshipsoccur,andthreatentopermanentlyspoilyourplans,itcanmakeyoudesperate.Atthesetimes,it’sespeciallyimportanttopositiveemotionstogiveyoutheabilitytopersistandimproveperformance.____20____Thesmallthingsreallydomatter.Nomatterhowsmallitis,forwardmovementisprogresstowardsyourgoal.A.FocusontheFuture.B.Learntoignoremistakes.C.Lookforpeoplewhobelieveinyouandyourvision.D.Rememberthatsmallaccomplishmentsadduptogreatersuccesses.E.Thedifficultcircumstancesmanagetoforceyoutogiveupyourgoals.F.Inthesesituations,courageisamustifyouwanttoachieveyourgoals.G.Youneverknowwhatgoodthingsthisunexpectedroadblockmightuncover.,【答案】16.E17.G18.C19.A20.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章就怎样面对困难，给出一些建议。帮助大家找到勇气，走向成功！【16题详解】上文“Everyonemayfacedifficultcircumstances.(每个人都可能面临困难的情况。)”说明每个人都可能面临困难，选项E“困难的环境迫使你放弃你的目标。”承接上文，说明困难会造成什么样的结果，与上文形成递进关系。选项中Thedifficultcircumstances和上文中difficultcircumstances词汇重叠，语义相关。故选E项。【17题详解】上文“Whenyouhitaroadblock,don’tthrowoutyourentireplan.Takeamomenttostepbackfromthesituationandfigureouthowtoadaptyourplantohandletheroadblock.(当你遇到障碍时，不要扔掉你的整个计划。花点时间从当前的情况中退一步，想想如何调整你的计划来应对障碍。)”说明当遇到障碍时，应该调整计划应对障碍，选项G“你永远不知道这个意想不到的障碍会带来什么好事。”符合上文语境，说明障碍也许会为好事带来契机。选项中roadblock和上文中roadblock词汇重叠，语义一致。故选G项。【18题详解】下文“Surroundyourselfwiththepeoplewhowillencourageyouandhelpyouhavethestrengthanddeterminationtokeepgoing.(和那些会鼓励你、帮助你有力量和决心继续前进的人在一起。)”建议你结交益友，帮你进步，选项C“找那些相信你和你的愿景的人。”概括说明要找相信你的人。选项和下文语义一致，逻辑合理。故选C项。【19题详解】下列段落中最后一句“Moveonbyfocusingonthefutureandwhatyourlifewillbelikewhenyouachieveyourgoals.(继续前进，着眼未来，以及当你实现目标后你的生活会是什么样子。)”总结概括本段主题是“继续前进，着眼未来”。选项A“着眼于未来。”符合本段主题，适合做本段标题。选项中FocusontheFuture和下文段落中focusingonthefuture词汇重叠，语义一致。故选A项。【20题详解】本段标题小标题“It’stheSmallThingsthatMatter.(重要的是那些小事。)”说明本段是讲小事的重要性，选项D“记住小成就累积成大成功。”符合本段主题，建议积小成大，引出下文“Thesmallthingsreallydomatter.(小事情确实很重要。)”进一步强调小事的重要性。选项中smallaccomplishments和标题中theSmallThings以及下文中Thesmallthings语义相关。故选D项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分),阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。March22isWorldWaterDay.Theannualceremonycallsattentiontothevitalneedfor___21___tocleanwater.Manypeoplearoundtheworldlackthisbasichumanright.SalvaDutisdoingsomethingaboutit.HeisthefounderofWaterforSouthSudan(WFSS)inAfrica.Thenonprofit___22___wellsintheremoteSudanesevillagesofhischildhood.“___23___thingshappenaroundawell,”Dutsaid.“It___24___manylives,especiallyforyounggirlswhousedtowalkmilesandmileseverydaytofetchwaterinbarefeetinextremeheat.Now,theyhavea(an)___25___togotoschool.”WhenDutwasyoung,awar___26___inhishometown.Forsafety,hehadtoseparatefromhisfamilyand___27___hundredsofmiles,hungryandthirsty.Eventuallyhewashelpedbythegoodpeopleandin1996,hemovedtotheUnitedStates.InspiredbyDut’s___28___andsenseofhope,authorLindaSueParktoldhisstoryinALongWalktoWaterwhich___29___becameabestseller.DutstartedWFSSafterlearningthathisfather,whohad____30____thewar,wassickfromdrinkingpollutedwater.DutreturnedtoAfricawitha____31____,“I’vehadchallengessinceIwasachild.Iwantedtoprovide____32____drinkingwater.”Thiswonderfulboyisnowinspiringotherstomakea____33____too.“AfterreadingaboutSalva’sstory.Iwasso____34____tohelpWFSS.”saidateenagerMaddie.“Hesurvivedthejourneybecausehewasmeanttodosomethingimportant.Hisdevotiontohelpingothersistruly,inspirational.”Since2012,kidslikeMaddiehave____35____morethan$5milliontoWFSS.Theireffortshavehelpedtobringcleanwatertomorethan250,000people.21.A.accessB.optionC.sourceD.manner22.A.strikesB.clearsC.drillsD.handles23.A.SafeB.FormalC.FreeD.Beautiful24.A.changesB.continuesC.controlsD.sustains25.A.ideaB.tripC.opportunityD.method26.A.cameupB.brokeoutC.heldonD.gotthrough27.A.exploredB.walkedC.droveD.extended28.A.strengthB.attentionC.growthD.interest29.A.alwaysB.oftenC.seldomD.soon30.A.declaredB.preventedC.survivedD.observed,31.A.customB.chanceC.functionD.mission32.A.coldB.cleanC.warmD.pure33.A.profitB.differenceC.decisionD.rule34.A.specialB.surprisedC.calmD.excited35.A.savedB.cameC.donatedD.rewarded【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.A25.C26.B27.B28.C29.D30.C31.D32.B33.B34.D35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述小时候经历很多不幸的SalvaDut长大后成立WFSS来帮助苏丹当地人用上清洁的饮用水的故事。21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。一年一度的仪式提醒人们注意获得清洁水的迫切需求。A.access通路，使用……的机会；B.option选择；C.source来源；D.manner礼仪。根据下文“Manypeoplearoundtheworldlackthisbasichumanright.”可知，此处指世界水日提醒人们注意获得清洁水的迫切需求。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这家非营利组织在他童年时在苏丹生活过的偏远村庄打井。A.strikes袭击；B.clears清除；C.drills练习，钻孔；D.handles解决。根据“wells”可知，是钻井。故选C。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“美好的事情发生在一口井周围，”Dut说。A.Safe安全的；B.Formal正式的；C.Free免费的，自由的；D.Beautiful美丽的，美好的。根据下文“especiallyforyounggirlswhousedtowalkmilesandmileseverydaytofetchwaterinbarefeetinextremeheat.Now,theyhavea(an)___5___togotoschool.”可知，井给那里的人带去了便利和改变，因此“它”的周围发生了美好的事情。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“它改变了许多人的生活，尤其是对于年轻女孩来说，她们过去每天都要在酷热中赤脚走几英里去取水。现在，她们有机会上学了。”A.changes改变；B.continues继续；C.controls控制；D.sustains维持，保持。根据“whousedtowalkmilesandmileseverydaytofetchwaterinbarefeetinextremeheat”可知，井改变了当地人的生活，尤其是女孩，不用再赤脚走几英里去取水了。故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.idea想法，主意；B.trip旅行；C.opportunity机会；D.method方法。结合句意可知，女孩们不用再赤脚走几英里去取水了，因此有了接受教育的机会。故选C。【26题详解】,考查动词短语辨析。句意：Dut小的时候，他的家乡爆发了战争。A.cameup走近；B.brokeout爆发；C.heldon坚持，抓牢；D.gotthrough度过。根据“war”可知，此处是指战争爆发。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了安全起见，他不得不与家人分开，又饿又渴地走了数百英里。A.explored探索；B.walked行走；C.drove开车；D.extended延长，伸出。根据“hundredsofmiles,hungryandthirsty.”和战争爆发的背景可知，Dut不得不步行数百英里逃难。故选B。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：受Dut成长和憧憬希望的启发，作家LindaSuePark在ALongWalktoWater中讲述了他的故事，该书很快成为畅销书。A.strength力气；B.attention注意力；C.growth成长；D.interest兴趣。结合上文讲述Dut小时候家乡爆发战争，他被迫与家人分开，以及得到好人的帮助最终搬到美国可知，这是Dut的成长经历，因此LindaSuePark是受他成长的启发。故选C。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A.always总是；B.often常常；C.seldom极少；D.soon很快。结合语境和“becameabestseller.”推知，这本书很快成为畅销书。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Dut得知在战争中幸存下来的父亲因饮用受污染的水而生病后，创办了WFSS。A.declared宣布；B.prevented阻止；C.survived幸存；D.observed观察，遵守。根据“wassickfromdrinkingpollutedwater.”可知，Dut的父亲从战争中幸存下来。故选C。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Dut带着使命回到非洲，“我从小就面临挑战。我想提供清洁的饮用水。”A.custom习俗；B.chance机会；C.function功能；D.mission任务，使命。结合Dut的成长经历，结合他的父亲因污染的水而生病，和家乡的现状推知，Dut是带着使命回来的。故选D。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.cold寒冷的；B.clean干净的；C.warm温暖的；D.pure纯洁的，纯净的。呼应上文“wassickfromdrinkingpollutedwater.”可知，Dut要给当地人提供清洁的饮用水。故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个了不起的男孩现在也在激励其他人给世界带来影响。A.profit利润，好处；B.difference影响，区别；C.decision决定；D.rule规则。结合Dut发起的WFSS组织帮助人们获得清洁的饮用水可知，他鼓励其他人给世界带来影响。makeadifference“有所影响”。故选B。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“读完萨尔瓦的故事后。我很高兴能帮助WFSS。”一个叫Maddie的少年说。,A.special特别的；B.surprised惊讶的；C.calm冷静的；D.excited兴奋的，高兴的。根据下文“Hesurvivedthejourneybecausehewasmeanttodosomethingimportant.Hisdevotiontohelpingothersistruly,inspirational.”Maddie对Dut的赞美推知，他很高兴能帮助WFSS。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2012年以来，像Maddie这样的孩子已经向WFSS捐赠了500多万美元。A.saved挽救，存；B.came来到；C.donated捐赠；D.rewarded奖励，回报。WFSS是一个非盈利组织，因此他们是给这个组织捐款。故选C。第二节(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Chineseartisanimportantpartofthecountry’sculturalheritage.It____36____(distinguish)itselffromWesternpaintinginthatitisdrawnonXuanpaper(orsilk)withtheChinesebrushandChineseink.____37____(attain)abilityinthisart,itisnecessarytohaveagoodcontrolofthebrush,andcertainknowledgeofXuanpaperandChineseink.Beforepainting,thepaintermusthavea____38____(detail)draftinhismind.Oncehestartstopaint,hewill____39____(normal)havetocompletetheworkatonego.AlargenumberofChinesepainters,atthesametime,____40____(be)poetswhooftenaddtheirownpoemsonthepaintings.Theresultingpieceofworkisusually____41____integrated(整合)wholeoffourbranchesofChineseart—poetry,calligraphy,paintingandseal-cutting.Chinesepaintings____42____(divide)intotwomajorcategories,freehandbrushwork(XieYi)andfinebrushwork(GongBi).Theformerischaracterizedbysimpleandboldstrokes(笔画)representingtheexaggerated(夸张)likenessoftheobjects____43____thelatterisdonebyspecificbrushworkandcloseattentiontoparticulars.Andit’sdifficulttotellhowlongtheartofpainting____44____(exist)inChina.Potsfrom5000-6000yearsagowerepaintedincolorwithpatternsofplantsandanimals,____45____reflectedvariousaspectsofthelifeofprimitivepeople.ThesemaybethebeginningsofChinesepainting.【答案】36.distinguishes37.Toattain38.detailed39.normally40.are41.an42.aredivided43.while##and44.hasexisted,45.which【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是中国画。【36题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它与西方绘画的区别在于，它是用中国的毛笔和墨水在宣纸（或丝绸）上画的。通篇时态是一般现在时，主语It是单数，因此空格处是第三人称单数distinguishes。故填distinguishes。【37题详解】考查不定式。句意：要掌握这门艺术，就必须掌握好笔法，对宣纸和水墨有一定的了解。分析句子结构可知，空格处用不定式表目的，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Toattain。【38题详解】考查形容词。句意：在绘画之前，画家必须在脑海中有一个详细的草图。空格处用形容词detailed作定语，修饰名词draft，detailed意为“详细的”。故填detailed。【39题详解】考查副词。句意：一旦他开始画画，他就得一口气把工作完成。空格处用副词修饰动词havetocomplete，normal的副词是normally，意为“通常”，故填normally。【40题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：许多中国画家同时也是诗人，他们经常在画上加上自己的诗。通篇时态是一般现在时，主语painters是复数，因此空格处是are。故填are。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：最终的作品通常是中国艺术的四个分支——诗、书、画和篆刻的一个整体。whole是名词，意为“整体”，是可数名词，且表泛指，前面需加不定冠词，integrated是元音音素开头，因此前面的不定冠词用an，故填an。【42题详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：中国画分为两大类，写意和工笔。根据语境可在，句子表示“中国画被分为两大类”，bedividedinto是固定短语，意为“被分为”，主语paintings是复数，通篇时态是一般现在时，因此空格处是aredivided，故填aredivided。【43题详解】考查连词。句意：前者的特点是简单、大胆的笔触，代表着物体的夸张形象；而后者则是具体的笔触和对细节的密切关注。由前面的“Theformer”和后面的“thelatter”可知，前后两句是并列关系，空格处用“和”或“而”，是and/while，故填while/and。,【44题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：很难说绘画艺术在中国存在了多久。根据语境可知，句子表示“很难说绘画艺术在中国存在了多久”，空格处用现在完成时表示已经存在，主语theartofpainting是单数，因此空格处是hasexisted，故填hasexisted。【45题详解】考查定语从句的引导词。句意：5000-6000年前的陶罐上绘有植物和动物图案，反映了原始人生活的各个方面。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词是patternsofplantsandanimals，是物，因此用关系代词which，故填which。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，你所在班级明天的英语课前要进行3分钟的演讲。请你依照下列要点写一篇关于倡导养成健康生活习惯的演讲稿，内容包括：1.演讲的主题；2.健康生活习惯的重要性；3.几条健康生活习惯的建议。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Hello,everyone!______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Hello,everyone!Iamgladtostandheretosharewithyoumyideasabouthealthylivinghabits.Inmyeyes,healthylivinghabitscankeepusfit,protectusfromgettingillandhelpusstartanewdaywithfullenergy.Tokeepfitwemusttakefreshfruits,meatandvegetables,andavoideatingtoomanysnacks.Thentakingappropriateexerciseregularlyisalsonecessaryforgoodhealth.Whenyouarrivehomefrompublicplaces,washyourhands,especiallybeforetouchingyourowneyes,noseormouth.Andwhenyousneezeandcough,it’sagoodmanneraswellasaprotectionforpublichealththatyouusepaperhandkerchieftocoverthenoseormouth.Wishyouallthebest.Thankyou!,【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生写一篇关于倡导养成健康生活习惯的演讲稿进行课前3分钟演讲，内容包括：演讲的主题，健康生活习惯的重要性，几条健康生活习惯的建议。【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的：glad→delighted必要的：necessary→essential在我看来：inmyeyes→asfarasIamconcerned适量的：appropriate→moderate2.句型拓展简单句变复合句原句：Inmyeyes,healthylivinghabitscankeepusfit,protectusfromgettingillandhelpusstartanewdaywithfullenergy.拓展句：Inmyeyes,healthylivinghabitsareveryimportant,whichcankeepusfit,protectusfromgettingillandhelpusstartanewdaywithfullenergy.【点睛】[高分句型1]Tokeepfitwemusttakefreshfruits,meatandvegetables,andavoideatingtoomanysnacks.（运用了不定式作目的状语）[高分句型2]Whenyouarrivehomefrompublicplaces,washyourhands,especiallybeforetouchingyourowneyes,noseormouth.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Surfingisathrillingsportthatrequiresagreatdealofskill,strength,calmanddetermination.Forteenagers,ridingthewavescanmaketheirbloodracingandisanaddictiveexperience.Thisisthestoryofoneteenager’sunforgettableadventurewhilesurfing.Alexisa16-year-oldboywhogrewupinasmallcoastaltown.Heisanenthusiasticsurferandspentmostofhisfreetimeridingthewaves.Onesunnymorning,heheadedouttothebeachtocatchsomewaves.Ashearrivedatthebeach,thesunwasshining,andthewaveswereperfect.Hegrabbedhissurfboardandpaddled(用桨划)outintothewater.Hespentthenextfewhourssurfing,andasthesunbegantoset,hedecidedtocatchonemorewavebeforeheadingbacktoshore.Alexspottedahugewaveonthehorizonandknewhehadtorideit.Hepaddledasfastashecould,feelingthewaterbeneathhimpushhimforward.Ashereachedthetopofthewave,hestooduponhisboardandfeltthewindrushpasthim.Thewavewashuge,andAlexfeltarushofexcitementasherodeittowardstheshore.,Butasheapproachedtheshore,henoticedsomethingunusual.Thewaterwasmovingviolently,andhecouldhearastrangenoisecomingfrombeneathhim.Suddenly,thewavecrasheddownonhim,andhewasthrownfromhisboard.Hehitthewaterhardandwaspulledunderbythecurrent.Alexstruggledtoreachthesurfacebutfoundhimselftrappedinapowerfulcurrent.Thecurrentwaspullinghimouttosea,andhecouldfeelhimselfgettingfurtherandfurtherawayfromtheshore.Panicsetin,andhebegantofearforhislife.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。ButAlexwasdeterminednottogiveup.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Theboatnoticedhimandheadedtowardshim.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:ButAlexwasdeterminednottogiveup.Heattemptedtoswimtowardstheshore.Butitdidn’twork.Theforceofthewavewastoogreat,continuingtodraghimfurtheranddeeperintothesea.Hestruggledtothesurfaceandtookabreath,butwascoveredagain.Afterwhatseemedlikehours,theseafinallycalmeddown.ButitwasdarkerandAlexhadnoideawherehewasorwhichdirectiontoswimin.Luckily,hesawlightinthedistanceandguesseditwasafishingboat.Heswamhardtowardstheboatandshoutedforhelp.Theboatnoticedhimandcametowardshim.Withthehelpofseveralfishermen,Alexwasrescued.Exhausted,hesankonthedeck.Recallingwhathadhappened,hecouldn’thelpfeelingscared.Ifithadn’tbeenfortheboat,hewouldhavebeenkilled.Itdawnedonhimthatsafetyshouldnotbedisregardedforthesakeofmomentarythrill.【解析】,【导语】文章以冲浪的过程为线索展开，讲述16岁的冲浪爱好者Alex去海边冲浪，那天天气晴好，他一直玩到傍晚。就在这时，Alex发现了一个巨浪，他非常想体验在这种情况下冲浪的感觉。但他刚走到水边，就被大浪卷入了大海，这使他恐慌。【详解】1.段落续写：①根据第一段首句“但Alex决定不放弃”可知，下文可描写他努力向海岸游，但无济于事。等到海面平静时天色已晚。幸运的是他看到了渔船。②根据第二段首句“船注意到了他，向他驶来”可知，下文可描写Alex被救起，以及经过此事的感悟。2.续写线索：决定不放弃——努力挣扎——被拖网更深处——海面平静但天色已晚——看见渔船上的光——呼救——被渔船发现——被救起——感悟3.词类激活行为类①试图：attempt/makeanattempt/try②看见：see/spot③救：rescue/save情绪类①精疲力竭的：exhausted/tired/wornout②恐惧的：scared/frightened【点睛】[高分句型1]Theforceofthewavewastoogreat,continuingtodraghimfurtheranddeeperintothesea.（运用了现在分词作状语）[高分句型2]ButitwasdarkerandAlexhadnoideawherehewasorwhichdirectiontoswimin.（运用了where引导的同位语从句）[高分句型3]Itdawnedonhimthatsafetyshouldnotbedisregardedforthesakeofmomentarythrill.（运用了that引导的主语从句，it为形式主语）,