山西省运城市2023届高三英语二模试题（Word版附解析）

高三英语考生注意：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。4.本卷命题范围：高考范围。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.₤19.15.B.₤9.18.C.₤9.15.答案是C。1.Whohastostudy?A.Stephen.B.Selina.C.Sue.2.HowmanymembersarethereinTom’sgroupnow?A.Three.B.Five.C.Eight.3.Whatisthewomanmostprobably?A.Ascientist.B.Asoldier.C.Adoctor.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlycomplainingabout?A.Thehotweather.B.Longworkinghours.C.Thefanintheroom.5.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Auntandnephew.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatisthemanunsatisfiedwith?A.Theactors.B.Thespecialeffects.C.Thescenery.7.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonextweekend?A.Seeamovie.B.Studyavolcano.C.Goboating.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whenwillthemanreturn?A.OnFriday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.9.Wherewillthewomango?A.Amountain.B.Thecountryside.C.Afarm.10.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutridingamotorcycle?A.It’srelaxing.B.It’sexciting.C.It’sdangerous.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatisthemanreading?A.Adetectivestory.B.Ahistoricalnovel.C.Atextbook.12.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthetextbooks?A.Boring.B.Accurate.C.Easy.13.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Inabookstore.C.Inaclassroom.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhatistheweatherlikeinLondoninthewinter?A.Warmandsunny.B.Coldandrainy.C.Windyanddry.15.Howdoesthewomanusuallygotowork?A.Bybus.B.Bytaxi.C.Byunderground.16.WhatisthewomandoinginLondon?A.Travelling.B.Studying.C.Working.17.WheredidthewomancelebrateherbirthdaylastSaturday?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inapark.C.Athome.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Howmanyessayquestionsarethereintheexam?A.3.B.10.C.15. 19.Whenwilltheexambeheld?A.NextMonday.B.NextWednesday.C.NextFriday.20.Whatshouldthestudentsprovideiftheywanttotakethemakeupexam?A.Adoctor’snote.B.Theirparents’approval.C.Aletterfromtheteacher.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANPR’sStudentPodcast(播客)Challengeisback—forafifthyear!Thisyear’scompetitionwillopenforentriesonJanuary6,2023andcloseonApril28.Asinpastyears,ourjudgeswillchoosewinnersintwocategories:gradesfivethrougheightandgradesninethroughtwelve.Entriesmustbesubmittedbyaneducatororastudentleaderwho’s18yearsoldorolder.Anotherimportantruleisthatthemaximumlengthofyourpodcastiswithineightminutes,andlongerentrieswillbedisqualified.Ourjudgeswillusethefollowingcriteriatonarrowdownandchoosethewinners:Informationandstructure,40percentDoesthepodcasttellagoodstoryorteachussomethingnewandimportant?Isitstructuredinawaythatkeepslistenersengaged?Canweeasilyfollowthestoryyou’retellingortheinformationyou’reexplaining?Haveyouspenttimecuttingoutunnecessaryinformationtomakesurethemainideascomethroughclearly?Personalityandcreativity,40percentDoesithavepersonality,ordoesitsoundlikeyou’rereadingfromascript(脚本)?Doesitmakeuslaughorcryorleaveusdeepinthought?Production,20percentWe’renotjudgingyouonhowfancyyourequipmentisandwedon’texpectyoutobeanexpertonrecordingandeditingsound,butwehopeyou’lltry.Somepodcastsmayuseanarration(讲述)format.Othersmaybemoreofaninterviewformat.Ifyouusesoundapartfrominterviewsandnarration,makesureitisclearandsmooth.1.Whatisthedeadlineforhandinginyourpodcast?A.January6.B.February18.C.March26.D.April28.2.Whoarequalifiedtosubmitthepodcasttothecompetition?A.Allmonitors.B.Anystudent.C.Teachers.D.Parents. 3.Whatisarequirementfortheentries?A.Theyshouldbemorethaneightminutes.B.Theymustbewellstructuredandedited.C.Theyhavetoadoptaninterviewformat.D.Theymustbeproducedwithspecialsoundeffects.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了NPR学生播客大赛的参赛要求。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thisyear’scompetitionwillopenforentriesonJanuary6,2023andcloseonApril28.(今年的比赛将于2023年1月6日开始报名，4月28日结束)”可知，截止日期是4月28日。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Entriesmustbesubmittedbyaneducatororastudentleaderwho’s18yearsoldorolder.(参赛作品必须由18岁或以上的教育工作者或学生干部提交)”可知，C项“教师”符合要求。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Informationandstructure,40percent一节中“Isitstructuredinawaythatkeepslistenersengaged?Canweeasilyfollowthestoryyou’retellingortheinformationyou’reexplaining?Haveyouspenttimecuttingoutunnecessaryinformationtomakesurethemainideascomethroughclearly?(它结构是否能让听众保持参与？我们能轻松地理解你所讲的故事或你所解释的信息吗？你是否花时间删去了不必要的信息，以确保主要思想能够清晰地表达出来？)”及Production,20percent一节中“We’renotjudgingyouonhowfancyyourequipmentisandwedon’texpectyoutobeanexpertonrecordingandeditingsound,butwehopeyou’lltry.(我们并不是根据你的设备有多花哨来评判你，我们也不期望你成为录音和编辑声音的专家，但我们希望你能尝试一下)”可知，参赛作品需要结构紧凑，适当编辑。故选B。BOnFebruary20,thesciencefictionmagazineClarkesworldwasforcedtostopacceptinganynewarticlesfromwritersafteritwasfloodedwithAI-writtenstories.“Bythetimeweclosedonthe20th,wehadreceived500human-writtenstoriesand700AI-writtenones,”saideditor-in-chiefNeilClarke.“Itwasincreasingatsuchaspeedthatwefiguredthatbytheendofthemonth,wewouldhavedoubledthenumberofarticleswenormallyhave.Theratehadbeengrowingfrompreviousmonths,andwewereconcernedthatwehadtodosomethingtostopit.”WorriesaboutAImisusehavefrequentlyappearedinheadlinesrecently,particularlysincethelaunchofChatGPTinNovember,2022,whichcannotonlyanswerabroadrangeofquestions,butalsocreateoriginalpoemsandstories. Clarkesaidmagazineslikehis,whichpaycontributorsfortheirwork,werebeingtargetedbypeopletryingtomakequickmoney.HesaidhehadalreadyspokentoeditorsofothermagazinesandthatallofthemhadagreedtostopacceptingAI-writtenarticles.Healsoadmittedthatthehumorofhissci-fimagazinebeingtargetedbyAIrobotsisnotlostonhim.“Youknow,ourmascot(吉祥物)isarobot.Soweseetheirony,”hesaid.“Butthethingisthatsciencefictionisoftenintendedtogiveawarningtopeople.Wedon’tcelebratetechnologyjustbecauseitexists.Wewanttomakesurethatwe’reusingitright.Andtherearesomesignificantlegalandmoralissuesaroundthistechnologythatwe’renotreadytoaccept.Clarkesaidthemagazinedidn’tknowhowtodealwiththeissue,andpartofthemotivationtospeakoutwasinthehopeoffindingsomesolutions.HealsosaidthequalityoftheAI-writtenstorieswasverypoor.4.What’sthematterwiththemagazineClarkesworld?A.Itwillclosedownforever.B.ItwastargetedbyAIwriters.C.Itstoppedpayingcontributors.D.Ithaslostmanygoodauthors.5Whatcanweinferaboutothermagazines’attitudetotheAI-writtenstories?A.Disapproving.B.Favorable.C.Unknown.D.Tolerant.6.WhatdoesNeilClarkesayaboutsciencefiction?A.Itoftenintendstofindsomesolutions.B.Itwelcomestheexistingnewtechnologies.C.ItwillacceptAI-writtenstoriesinthenearfuture.D.Itoftentriestowarnthedarksideoftechnologies.7.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Anotice.B.Asciencefiction.C.Anewsreport.D.Abookreview.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。报道介绍了享誉全球的科幻杂志Clarkesworld最近受AI作品的影响，不得不暂停接受新稿件。【4题详解】细节理解题。第一段提到“OnFebruary20,thesciencefictionmagazineClarkesworldwasforcedtostopacceptinganynewarticlesfromwritersafteritwasfloodedwithAI-writtenstories.”（2月20日，科幻杂志《克拉克世界》被迫停止接受任何作家的新文章，因为它被人工智能撰写的故事淹没了。）由此判断， Clarkesworld是被AI写手逼得不得不暂停接受新稿件。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。第四段提到“HesaidhehadalreadyspokentoeditorsofothermagazinesandthatallofthemhadagreedtostopacceptingAI-writtenarticles.”（他说，他已经和其他杂志的编辑谈过，他们都同意停止接受人工智能撰写的文章。）由此判断，其他杂志对AI生成的作品持否定态度。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。第五段提到“‘Butthethingisthatsciencefictionisoftenintendedtogiveawarningtopeople.Wedon’tcelebratetechnologyjustbecauseitexists.Wewanttomakesurethatwe’reusingitright.Andtherearesomesignificantlegalandmoralissuesaroundthistechnologythatwe’renotreadytoaccept.’”（但问题是，科幻小说往往是为了给人们一个警告。我们不会因为技术的存在而赞美它。我们要确保我们正确地使用它。关于这项技术，有一些重大的法律和道德问题，我们还没有准备好接受。）由此判断，NeilClarke认为科幻杂志经常试图警告技术的黑暗面。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。第一段提到“OnFebruary20,thesciencefictionmagazineClarkesworldwasforcedtostopacceptinganynewarticlesfromwritersafteritwasfloodedwithAI-writtenstories.”（2月20日，科幻杂志《克拉克世界》被迫停止接受任何作家的新文章，因为它被人工智能撰写的故事淹没了。）文章第一段中交代了事情发生的时间，由此判断，这是一篇新闻报道。故选C。CThenewWebbtelescopehasdiscoveredwhatappeartobegalaxies(星系)thatdatebacktowithin600millionyearsoftheBigBang.Thesixnewlydiscoveredobjectssuggestthattheearlyuniversemayhavebeendevelopingunexpectedlyfasttoproducethesehugegalaxies.Whilethenewtelescopehasspottedevenoldergalaxies,datingtowithin300millionyearsofthebeginningoftheuniverse,it’sthesizeofthesesixgalaxiesthatshocktheresearchers.“Mostgalaxiesinthiseraarestillsmallandonlygraduallygrowinglargerovertime,”leadresearcherIvoLabbeofAustralia’sSwinburneUniversityofTechnologysaid.“Butthesesixgalaxiesarefast-trackingtomaturity.Whythisisthecaseorhowthisworksisunknown.”Accordingtothereport,whichwaspublishedinthejournalNatureonWednesday,eachofthesixobjectsweighsbillionsoftimesmorethanoursun.Inoneofthem,thetotalweightofallitsstarsmaybeasmuchas100billiontimesgreaterthanoursun.ThePennsylvaniaStateUniversity’sJoelLeja,whoalsotookpartinthestudy,said,“Whatwefoundissounexpectedthatitactuallycreatesproblemsforscienceanditmightcallthewholepictureofearlygalaxyformation intoquestion.”Thesegalaxyobservationswereamongthefirstsetofdatafromthe$10billionWebbtelescope,whichwasjustlaunchedoverayearago.UnlikeHubble,thebiggerandmorepowerfulWebbcanseethroughcloudsofdustwithitsinfrared(红外的)visionanddiscovergalaxiespreviouslyundetected.Scientistshopetoeventuallyobservethefirststarsandgalaxiesformedfollowingthecreationoftheuniverse13.8billionyearsago.Theresearchersarestillwaitingforofficialconfirmation.“It’spossiblethatafewoftheobjectsmightnotbegalaxies,butblackholes.OneearlylessonfromWebbistoletgoofourexpectationsandbereadytobesurprised,”Labbesaid.“Nextyearitwilltellus.”8.Whatisspecialaboutthesixnewlydetectedobjects?A.Theirage.B.Theircolor.C.Theirsize.D.Theirshape.9.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“fast-trackingtomaturity”inparagraph3mean?A.Turningquickly.B.Circlingsmoothly.C.Travellingfast.D.Growingrapidly.10.Whatcanwelearnaboutthetwotelescopes?A.HubblecanseefurtherthanWebb.B.WebbismorepowerfulthanHubble.C.WebbismuchcheaperthanHubble.D.HubbleisrelativelybiggerthanWebb.11.WhatdoesIvoLabbemeaninthelastparagraph?A.Thedatamightnotbecomplete.B.Theresearcherswillbedisappointed.C.HedoesnotagreewithJoelLeja.D.ThenewWebbtelescopeisunreliable.【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了韦伯太空望远镜最近发现的六个疑似星系。【8题详解】细节理解题。第二段提到“Whilethenewtelescopehasspottedevenoldergalaxies,datingtowithin300millionyearsofthebeginningoftheuniverse,it’sthesizeofthesesixgalaxiesthatshocktheresearchers.”（虽然新望远镜发现了更古老的星系，可以追溯到宇宙起源的3亿年内，但这六个星系的大小令研究人员震惊）可知，这六个星系的大小尺寸是其特别之处，因此让研究人员震惊。故选C。【9题详解】词义猜测题。第一段提到“Thesixnewlydiscoveredobjectssuggestthattheearlyuniversemayhavebeendevelopingunexpectedlyfasttoproducethesehugegalaxies.”（这六个新发现的天体表明，早期宇宙可能以出人意料的速度发展，产生了这些巨大的星系）及画线词前“Mostgalaxiesinthiseraarestillsmallandonlygraduallygrowinglargerovertime,...But...”（这个时代的大多数星系仍然很小，只是随着时间的推移逐渐 变大，”澳大利亚斯威本科技大学的首席研究员伊沃·拉贝说。但是......）可推断，fast-trackingtomaturity（快速走向成熟）与developingunexpectedlyfast（快速发展）及Growingrapidly（迅速生长）所表达的意思相同。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。第六段提到“UnlikeHubble,thebiggerandmorepowerfulWebbcanseethroughcloudsofdustwithitsinfrared(红外的)visionanddiscovergalaxiespreviouslyundetected.”（与哈勃望远镜不同的是，韦伯望远镜体积更大、功能更强大，它可以用红外视野穿透尘埃云，发现以前未被探测到的星系）可知，韦伯望远镜比哈勃望远镜更强大。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。第五段最后一句提到“Whatwefoundissounexpectedthatitactuallycreatesproblemsforscienceanditmightcallthewholepictureofearlygalaxyformationintoquestion.”（我们的发现是如此出乎意料，它实际上给科学带来了问题，它可能会让早期星系形成的整个图景受到质疑）第六段提到“Thesegalaxyobservationswereamongthefirstsetofdatafrom...”（这些星系观测是价值100亿美元的韦伯望远镜的首批数据之一，该望远镜于一年多前刚刚发射）及最后一段“‘OneearlylessonfromWebbistoletgoofourexpectationsandbereadytobesurprised,’”（韦伯给我们的一个早期教训是，放下我们的期望，准备好接受惊喜）可知，韦伯望远镜观测的结果受到了质疑。由此推知，IvoLabbe担心第一批数据可能不完整。故选A。DDuringtheindustrialage,whenhighschoolwaskeytotheAmericandream,public-schoolsystemscoveredthecostsofearningadiploma.Today,however,nscollegedegreeshavereplacedhigh-schooldiplomasastheticketintothemiddleclass,familiesareforcedtocoverthecostsofhighereducationandmore.Iftheinformation-ageeconomydemandsaworkforcewithhighereducation,theUSgovernmentneedstomakethesamedealwithstudentsandtheirfamilies:Anyonewillingtoworkhardandearnthedegreeshouldbeabletoattendcollege—forfree.Withthatbasicbargaininmind,MichiganhaslatelyjoinedOregon,RhodeIslandandTennesseeinexperimentingwithwaystomakecommunitycollegefree.UnderthetermsoftheChicagoStarScholarship,aprogramthathasalreadyenrolledmorethan6,000students,ifastudentatapublichighschoolinMichiganmaintainsaBaverage,thestatewillprovideafreedegreeatalocalcommunitycollege.Then,throughanotherprogramChicagoStarPlus,studentswhohavescored3.0GPAarequalifiedtoreceiveatuitiondiscountat18ofthefour-yearcollegeslocatedinMichigan.ChicagoStarScholarshipandChicagoStarPlusarealreadychangingyounglives.Itshigh-schoolgraduationrategrewfrom56.9percentin2011to78.2percentin2022.AndChicagoStarPlus’collegeattendingrateis86 percent,wellabovethenationalaverageof62.7percent.Morethanacenturyago,Americaachievedanexplosionofsocialmobilitybycreatingasupportivepublicschoolsystemthatrunsto12thgrade.Byaddingcommunitycollegestothenation’spublic-schoolsystemsandeducationalrequirements,wecanstrengthenthebeliefintheAmericandreamagain.12.WhatdoestheauthorsuggesttheUSgovernmentdotoday?A.Cancelallcollegestudents’debts.B.Reducethecostsforthemiddleclass.C.Providefreehighereducationforqualifiedstudents.D.Helppoorfamiliestocoverthefeesofhighereducation.13.WhocanreceivetheChicagoStarScholarship?A.Anystudentwhohasachieved3.0GPA.B.AllpublichighschoolstudentsinMichigan.CAllstudentsadmittedintothe18four-yearcolleges.D.AnyMichiganpublichighschoolerwhomaintainsaBaverage.14.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.ThesignificanceoftheprogramsinMichigan.B.ThehighdropoutrateintheUScolleges.C.ThepotentialcostsofChicagoStarPlus.D.ThepopularizationofhighereducationintheUS.15.Howisthetextmainlydeveloped?A.Byanalyzingdata.B.Bylistingexamples.C.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Byconductingsurveys.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者认为在信息时代，国家有义务为国民提供免费的高等教育。12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Iftheinformation-ageeconomydemandsaworkforcewithhighereducation,theUSgovernmentneedstomakethesamedealwithstudentsandtheirfamilies:Anyonewillingtoworkhardandearnthedegreeshouldbeabletoattendcollege—forfree.（如果信息时代的经济需要受过高等教育的劳动力，那么美国政府也需要与学生及其家庭达成同样的协议：任何愿意努力学习并获得学位的人都应该能够免费上大学。）”可知，作者建议美国政府今天为合格的学生提供免费高等教育。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“UnderthetermsoftheChicagoStarScholarship...ifastudentatapublichighschool inMichiganmaintainsaBaverage,thestatewillprovideafreedegreeatalocalcommunitycollege.（根据芝加哥之星奖学金的条款如果密歇根州公立高中的学生平均成绩保持在B，州政府将在当地社区大学免费提供学位。）”可知，这个奖学金项目惠及的是密歇根州成绩达到B级的高中生。故选D。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据主题句“ChicagoStarScholarshipandChicagoStarPlusarealreadychangingyounglives.（芝加哥明星奖学金和芝加哥明星Plus已经改变了年轻人的生活。）”及细节，可知，第三段主要讲述的是这些项目在密歇根的意义。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者主要是通过密歇根州的两个奖学金项目所产生的积极成果来支持自己的论点的。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AccordingtoJaimeRoberts,goodconsultingisoftenaboutlooseningthebody,openingthemindand,moreoftenthannot,keepingthemouthshut.YourbodylanguagemattersJaimeRobertshasbeenoneofmygotoexpertsforadvicefordecades.WhenIonceaskedherwhyshewassogoodatconsulting,shewasquicktomentionherbodylanguage.“____16____,”shesaid,“Otherwise,theymightnotopenuptomeasmuchasIwouldwantthemto.”Youdon’thavetofixtheproblemThat’sanotherthingJaimeRobertshaslearnedonthejob,“Peoplewhoask‘WhatshouldIdo?’oftenwanttoprocessaproblemthemselves.____17____,”shesaid.“Partofthetrickisrememberingthatlisteningisthebestthingyouhavetodo,inmostcases.”Youdon’tneedtogiveadvicerightnowTextsandFaceTimemightbeimmediate,butyouradvicedoesn’thavetobe.____18____.“Forcingyourselftogiveadvicewhenyoucan’twilldomoreharmthangood,”shesaid.____19____You’reboundtohearaboutproblemsyouhaven’texperiencedfirsthand.That’swhyJaimeRobertssaysyoushouldletthemknowthatyou’rejusthumanbeingswithlimitedexperience.____20____.A.Don’tsaytheirchoicesarewrongB.Youcannotgiveadviceasgivingsomeoneanorder C.ItrytoappearrelaxedandavoidlooksofshockorjudgmentD.Youdon’tneedtohavethesameproblemtobeagoodconsultantE.ButyoushouldletthemknowyouwilldoyourbesttounderstandthemF.You’reagoodconsultantifyoucanhelpthemfixtheproblemontheirownG.Youcanpolitelyexplaintothemthatyouwilltalktothemwhenyou’reready【答案】16.C17.F18.G19.D20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个给建议的技巧：放松、倾听、闭嘴。【16题详解】根据本节的小标题“Yourbodylanguagematters（肢体语言很重要）”及空后“Otherwise,theymightnotopenuptomeasmuchasIwouldwantthemto.（否则，他们可能不会像我希望的那样对我敞开心扉。）”，可知，肢体语言很重要。承接小标题和顺承下文，C项Itrytoappearrelaxedandavoidlooksofshockorjudgment（我尽量放松身体、不露声色，以免让对方感到我在评头品足）切题。故选C。【17题详解】根据空前提示“Peoplewhoask‘WhatshouldIdo?’oftenwanttoprocessaproblemthemselves.（问“我该怎么办?”的人往往想自己处理问题。）”可知，这些人想自己解决问题，F项中的ontheirown“靠他们自己”与其吻合。承接上文，F项You’reagoodconsultantifyoucanhelpthemfixtheproblemontheirown（如果你能帮助他们自己解决问题，你就是一个好顾问）切题。故选F。【18题详解】根据空后提示“Forcingyourselftogiveadvicewhenyoucan’twilldomoreharmthangood,（当你不能提出建议时，强迫自己提出建议弊大于利。）”可知，既然强迫自己提建议弊大于利，那就暂时不提建议，向对方说清楚。顺承下文，G项Youcanpolitelyexplaintothemthatyouwilltalktothemwhenyou’reready（你可以向对方礼貌地解释等你考虑成熟了再给建议）切题。故选G。【19题详解】根据空后提示“You’reboundtohearaboutproblemsyouhaven’texperiencedfirsthand.（你一定会听到你没有亲身经历过的问题。）”及下文细节可知，有些问题不一定亲身经历过。顺承下文，D项Youdon’tneedtohavethesameproblemtobeagoodconsultant（亲历相似的问题不是成为合格咨询者的前提条件）切题。故选D。【20题详解】根据空前提示“That’swhyJaimeRobertssaysyoushouldletthemknowthatyou’rejusthumanbeingswithlimitedexperience.（这就是为什么杰米·罗伯茨说你应该让他们知道你只是一个经验有限的人。）”可知， 你要让对方知道你经验有限，同时你也会尽最大努力去理解他们，E项中的But将上下文紧密连接在一起。承接上文，E项Butyoushouldletthemknowyouwilldoyourbesttounderstandthem（但是，你要让对方知道你会尽力去理解他们）切题。故选E。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。SujataHalarnkarwouldliketoeatfishcurry(咖喱)everyday.It’savery____21____currywiththebasicingredients(原料),nothingveryfancy.However,it’sarecipepasseddownfromher____22____whoisstilllivinginMumbai,India.HalarnkarnowlivesinYuma,Arizona,butshe____23____inMumbai,andhergrandparentslivedina(n)____24____coastalvillage.Hermotherwouldsendhertohergrandparents’homefor____25____.There,hergrandmawouldcookthiscurryforher.“TheylivedinaneighboringvillageandIwenttherealmosteveryweek.Thatisoneofthe____26____memoriesIhadaboutmychildhood,”Halarnkarsaid.“Wehadaprettyandpeacefulbeachtoourselvesandwewould____27____fishfromtheseaeverymorning.”____28____later,fishcurryisstillthecomfortfoodtoHalarnkar,whosaidherfamilyalwayscooksitwhenthey____29____atweekendsintheUS.“We’llgoouttothefishmarket,buyfresh_____30_____andmakethiscurry,”shesaid.“Wedon’tevenworryaboutvegetables.Wejusteatsomesteamedriceandthisfishcurry.”Halarnkarhaspassedonthe_____31_____toherdaughterNatasha,wholivesinSanDiegoandsharesHalarnkar’sloveofcooking.Andeventhoughthenext_____32_____hastherecipe,Halarnkarsaidshestill_____33_____thecurryhergrandmamadeinIndia.Infact,she’slookingforwardtohavingitnexttimeshegoesto_____34_____her.“I’m100%surethatsheisgoingtomakeitformewhenI_____35_____there,”Halarnkarsaid.21.A.expensiveB.extraordinaryC.newD.traditional22.A.grandmotherB.husbandC.auntD.neighbor23.A.passedawayB.settleddownC.grewupD.criedout24.A.dangerousB.nearbyC.busyD.ugly25.A.partiesB.schoolsC.weekendsD.gifts26.A.saddestB.hardestC.strangestD.best27.A.seeB.catchC.raiseD.save 28.A.DaysB.WeeksC.MonthsD.Decades29.A.workB.playC.huntD.gather30.A.chickenB.fishC.meatD.milk31.A.recipeB.talentC.houseD.thought32.A.storeB.villageC.generationD.guest33.A.avoidsB.inventsC.hidesD.prefers34.A.payB.hugC.visitD.treat35.A.arriveB.leaveC.moveD.marry【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.B25.C26.D27.B28.D29.D30.B31.A32.C33.D34.C35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。SujataHalarnkar在文中表达了她对外祖母做的鱼咖喱饭的思念之情。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一种非常传统的咖喱，只有基本的食材，没有什么特别的。A.expensive昂贵的；B.extraordinary非凡的；C.new新的；D.traditional传统的。根据空后“withthebasicingredients(原料)”及下文细节可知，这种鱼咖喱饭是比较传统的（traditional），里面没啥花哨的食材。故选D。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，这是她仍然住在印度孟买的祖母传下来的食谱。A.grandmother祖母；B.husband丈夫；C.aunt姑姑；D.neighbor邻居。根据下文“There,hergrandmawouldcookthiscurryforher.”及“...Halarnkarsaidshestill___13___thecurryhergrandmamadeinIndia.”可知，她是从外祖母（grandmother）那里学会做鱼咖喱的。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：哈拉恩卡现在住在亚利桑那州的尤马，但她在孟买长大，她的祖父母住在附近的一个沿海村庄。A.passedaway去世；B.settleddown定居；C.grewup成长；D.criedout大声呼喊。根据空前“HalarnkarnowlivesinYuma,Arizona,but...”可知，她是在孟买长大（grewup）的。故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：哈拉恩卡现在住在亚利桑那州的尤马，但她在孟买长大，她的祖父母住在附近的一个沿海村庄。A.dangerous危险的；B.nearby附近的；C.busy忙碌的；D.ugly丑陋的。根据下文“‘TheylivedinaneighboringvillageandIwenttherealmosteveryweek.’”可知，外祖母家很近（nearby）。她几乎每个周末（weekends）都会去那里吃外祖母做的鱼咖喱。故选B。 【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她妈妈会把她送到祖父母家过周末。A.parties聚会；B.schools学校；C.weekends周末；D.gifts礼物。根据下文“‘TheylivedinaneighboringvillageandIwenttherealmosteveryweek.’”可知，外祖母家很近（nearby）。她几乎每个周末（weekends）都会去那里吃外祖母做的鱼咖喱。故选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那是我童年最美好的回忆之一。A.saddest最伤心的；B.hardest最困难的；C.strangest最奇怪的；D.best最好的。根据空后“memoriesIhadaboutmychildhood”可知，这样的儿时记忆当然是最美好的（best）：跟着外祖母在美丽的海滨捕（catch）鱼做咖喱。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们有一个美丽而宁静的海滩，每天早上我们都会从海里抓鱼。A.see看见；B.catch抓住；C.raise提高；D.save挽救。根据空后“fishfromtheseaeverymorning”可知，跟着外祖母在美丽的海滨捕（catch）鱼做咖喱。故选B。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几十年后，咖喱鱼仍然是哈拉恩卡的心头好，她说她的家人在美国周末聚会时总是会做咖喱鱼。A.Days天；B.Weeks周；C.Months月；D.Decades几十年。根据空后“fishcurryisstillthecomfortfoodtoHalarnkar”可知，此处指几十年（Decades）后，鱼咖喱饭还能给身处异国他乡的Halarnkar带来莫大的安慰。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几十年后，咖喱鱼仍然是哈拉恩卡的心头好，她说她的家人在美国周末聚会时总是会做咖喱鱼。A.work工作；B.play玩；C.hunt打猎；D.gather聚集。根据空后“atweekendsintheUS”可知，在美国她的家人周末聚会（gather）时，也只买鱼（fish）做咖喱饭吃。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们会去鱼市，买新鲜的鱼，然后做咖喱，A.chicken小鸡；B.fish鱼；C.meat肉；D.milk牛奶。根据空前“We’llgoouttothefishmarket,buyfresh”可知，在美国她的家人周末聚会（gather）时，也只买鱼（fish）做咖喱饭吃。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：哈拉恩卡把食谱传给了她的女儿娜塔莎，她住在圣地亚哥，和哈拉恩卡一样热爱烹饪。A.recipe食谱；B.talent天赋；C.house房子；D.thought思想。根据空后“toherdaughterNatasha,wholivesinSanDiegoandsharesHalarnkar’sloveofcooking.”可知，Halarnkar已经把这个菜谱（recipe）传给了自己的女儿。故选A。 【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管下一代有了这个食谱，哈拉恩卡说她仍然更喜欢奶奶在印度做的咖喱。A.store商店；B.village村子；C.generation一代；D.guest客人。根据空前后“eventhoughthenext____12____hastherecipe”可知，此处指晚辈（generation）总做不出外祖母的那个味道来。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管下一代有了这个食谱，哈拉恩卡说她仍然更喜欢奶奶在印度做的咖喱。A.avoids避免；B.invents发明；C.hides躲藏；D.prefers更喜欢。根据空后“thecurryhergrandmamadeinIndia”可知，Halarnkar还是更喜欢（prefers）外祖母做的咖喱饭。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，她期待着下次去看她的时候能吃到它。A.pay支付；B.hug拥抱；C.visit参观；D.treat对待。根据空前“she’slookingforwardtohavingitnexttimeshegoesto”可知，她正盼望着回印度探（visit）亲。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我百分之百肯定我到那儿时她会给我做的。A.arrive到达；B.leave离开；C.move移动；D.marry结婚。根据空前后“I’m100%surethatsheisgoingtomakeitformewhenI____15____there,”可知，此处指，她一到家（arrive），外祖母准会给她做鱼咖喱。故选A。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinahasplantedmillionsoftreesinitsnorthwestoverthepasttwodecadesaspartofits____36____(amaze)fightagainsttheexpandingdesertsTheefforthaspaidoff.Around2000,desertsacrossthecountrywerestillincreasingby10,400m2ayear.Butin2017,theyweredecreasingbymorethan2,400m2ayear.The____37____(achieve)wasconfirmedbyastudyfromtheLaboratoryofClimateandEnvironmentalSciencesinParis.“In1999,theChinesegovernmentbeganplantingmillionsoftreesinitsGrainforGreenProgram.It____38____(carry)outtorepairdamagedfarmlandinnorthwesternChina,____39____isroughlythesizeofFrance,”saysPhilippeCiais,aresearcheratthelaboratory.“Iwasthereafewmonthsago,anditisindeedsurprisingthatoncebarelandscapesarenowalmostfullycoveredbyplants.”“Thegrowthofforestsissignificant____40____necessaryprogressinthefightagainstdesertification,”saysJianpingHuang,aresearcheratLanzhouUniversity.“Butit’sstilltooearlytodeterminewhetherithassolvedtheproblem.Researchershavefoundthatmanyoftheplantspecies____41____(introduce)totheregionusemorewater ____42____nativevegetation.Itcouldleadtowatershortagesforhumans.”Thenationalforestrydepartmenthasrecognizedtheerror.Inrecentyears,ithasworkedmorecloselywithresearchersandcommunitiestofindwaystoplantless____43____(thirst)plantsthathaveeconomicvalue.“All____44____(program)needtotakeintoaccountlocalconditions,”theforestrydepartmentsaidinMarch“____45____(we)effortsshouldgotowardskeepingvegetationsustainable,ratherthansimplyplantingmoretrees.”【答案】36.amazing37.achievement38.wascarried39.which40.and41.introduced42.than43.thirsty44.programs45.Our【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。十几年前，中国政府在大西北启动了“退耕还林工程”并取得了举世瞩目的成绩。【36题详解】考查形容词。句意：在过去的20年里，中国在西北地区种植了数百万棵树，作为对抗不断扩大的沙漠的惊人斗争的一部分。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处作定语，修饰fight，意为“令人惊叹的”，故填amazing。【37题详解】考查名词。句意：巴黎气候与环境科学实验室的一项研究证实了这一成就。根据该空前的定冠词The及空后的was可知，所填词为名词作主语，可使用名词achievement的单数形式。故填achievement。【38题详解】考查动词的时态语态。句意：该实验室的研究员菲利普•恰伊斯(PhilippeCiais)表示：“这项工程是为了修复中国西北部受损的农田，面积大致相当于法国。”根据时间状语In1999可知，此处用一般过去时，又因为carryout与It（GrainforGreenProgram）是被动关系，空处应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填wascarried。【39题详解】考查定语从句。句意：该实验室的研究员菲利普•恰伊斯(PhilippeCiais)表示：“这项工程是为了修复中国西北部受损的农田，面积大致相当于法国。”分析该句结构可知，该空引导的是一个非限制性定语从句， 从句中缺少主语，且先行词为northwesternChina，可使用关系代词which在从句中作主语。故填which。【40题详解】考查连词。句意：兰州大学研究员黄建平说：“森林的生长是防治荒漠化的重要而必要的进步。”根据句意可知，此处表示并列关系，可用并列连词and。故填and。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员发现，许多引入该地区的植物比本地植物消耗更多的水。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处作后置定语，修饰species。而且introduce与species之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式，故填introduced。【42题详解】考查介词。句意：研究人员发现，许多引入该地区的植物比本地植物消耗更多的水。根据空前的morewater可知，此处用介词than表示比较。故填than。【43题详解】考查形容词。句意：近年来，它与研究人员和社区更密切地合作，寻找种植具有经济价值的不那么渴（需要水）的植物的方法。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处作plants的定语，应使用所给名词的形容词形式thirsty。故填thirsty。【44题详解】考查名词复数。句意：所有的项目都需要考虑到当地的情况。program为可数名词，根据空前的定语All及空后的谓语动词need可知，此处用所给名词的复数形式。故填programs。【45题详解】考查代词。句意：我们应该努力保持植被的可持续发展，而不是简单地种植更多的树。分析句子可知，此处可使用形容词性物主代词修饰名词efforts。位于句首时首字母大写。故填Our。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华。你的外国笔友Tom对你班开展的课外活动（extracurricularactivities）非常感兴趣，希望你介绍这方面的有关情况。请你给他回封邮件，内容包括：1.课外活动介绍；2.你最喜欢的活动；3.喜欢的原因。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearTom,Thisyear,ourclasshasorganizedavarietyofextracurricularactivities,suchasplantingtrees,learningtocookandvisitinglocalmuseums.Myfavoriteactivityistovisitthemuseums.Suchkindsoftripshavenotonlyhelpedmebetterunderstandthehistoryandgeographytextbooks,butalsoimprovedmyresearchskills,sincewewerealwaysaskedtogetpreparedbysearchingonlineorfindingusefulinformationinthelibrarybeforethefieldtrips.Ireallyhopethatyoucangoonafieldtripwithusinthefuture.Bestwishes!Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华。你的外国笔友Tom对你班开展的课外活动（extracurricularactivities）非常感兴趣，希望你介绍这方面的有关情况。请你给他回封邮件，内容包括：课外活动介绍；你最喜欢的活动；喜欢的原因。【详解】1.词汇积累当地的：local→native为……做准备：getprepared→bereadyfor寻找：search→lookfor有用的：useful→beofuse2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Thisyear,ourclasshasorganizedavarietyofextracurricularactivities,suchasplantingtrees,learningtocookandvisitinglocalmuseums.拓展句：Thisyear,ourclasshasorganizedavarietyofextracurricularactivities,whichincludeplantingtrees,learningtocookandvisitinglocalmuseums.【点睛】【高分句型1】Myfavoriteactivityistovisitthemuseums.（运用了动词不定式作表语）【高分句型2】Suchkindsoftripshavenotonlyhelpedmebetterunderstandthehistoryandgeography textbooks,butalsoimprovedmyresearchskills,sincewewerealwaysaskedtogetpreparedbysearchingonlineorfindingusefulinformationinthelibrarybeforethefieldtrips.（运用了since引导原因状语从句）第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Afterfillingoutsixtyapplications,goingthroughthreeinterviews,andwinningjustoneoffer,ItookwhatIcouldget:toteachinaremoteareainwesternNewJersey.IkeptremindingmyselfthatIcoulddowhatIhadalwaysdreamedofdoingsinceIwasfourteen:teachingEnglish.Attheschool,Iworkedveryhard,onlytakingtimeofftoeatandsleep.Igotalongverywellwithmystudentswhowereonlysevenoreightyearsyoungerthanme.ButIhadaproblemlongbeforeIknewit.Iwasstrugglinginmyworkasayoungidealisticteacher.Iwantedtomakeliteraturecomealiveandtopromotealoveforthewrittenwords,whilethestudentspreferredtothrowpaperplanesandwhisperdirtywordsinthebackoftheroom.Incollege,Ihadbeentaughtthatasuccessfuleducatorshouldignorestudents’badbehavior.SoIdid,feelingconfidentthat,asthetextbookshadsaid,thebadbehaviorwoulddisappearasIgavemystudentspositiveattention.Itsoundedreasonable,butthetextbooksevidentlyignoredthefactthathumans,particularlyteenagers,rarelyseemreasonable.Bythetimetheprincipal,whowasalwaysreadytofirebadteachers,cameintotheclassroomtoobservemyclass,thestudentsexhibitedverylittlegoodbehavior.Afterhesettleddowninthebackoftheroom,theboysintheclasswerestillmakinganimalnoises,hittingeachotherandthegirlsfiled(修剪)theirnailsorreadmagazines.Ijustpretendednothingwrongwashappening.Iwentonlecturingandtriedtoasksomeinspiringquestions.Theprincipalseemedtobegrowingmoreandmoreannoyed.Aftertwentyminutes,heleft,silently.Visionsofunemploymentmarchedbeforemyeyes.IonlyfeltmildlycomfortedthatIpoweredthroughtherestoftheclasswithoutcrying.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Afterclass,Iwasaskedtoseehim._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Imadeupmymindtomakeachange._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Afterclass,Iwasaskedtoseehim.WhenIreachedhisoffice,Itookadeepbreathandopenedthedoor.Thereinthechairsatmyboss,withahardenedface.Helookedatmeforawhile,andthenhandedmeanenvelope,whichdefinitelyaddedmoreanxietytomeatthatmoment.However,myeyeswentwideopenwhenIfounditwasaletterwithseveralsuggestionsaboutmyteaching,oneofwhichwashighlightedinred:Aneducatorshouldgetthestudentsactivelyengaged.Imadeupmymindtomakeachange.Inthenextclass,whenthestudentsseemedtoexpectanotherboringEnglishlesson,Iclearedmythroatandannounced,“Boysandgirls,letmehearyourownvoiceaboutmyliteraturelesson.”Suddenly,acompletesilencefellover.Flashingasmile,Icontinued,“Anythingyou’dliketosay!”Atthis,theclassimmediatelycametolife.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者去了偏远的荒野地区——新泽西西部——教英语，在工作中苦苦挣扎，学生们在教室后面扔纸团，说脏话，而作者的领导也特别严格，会开除没有经验的老师。这天，领导来作者的班上听课，学生们没有收敛，课才上到一半领导就离开了。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“下课后，他叫我去见他。”可知，第一段可描写作者去领导办公室的心情，以及发生的事情——领导给建议。②由第二段首句内容“我下定决心做出改变。”可知，第二段可描写作者下定决心进行改变的过程。2.续写线索：去领导办公室——感到焦虑羞愧——领导给出建议——受到鼓舞——做出改变——感悟3.词汇激活动作类①递给某人某物：handsb.sth./passsth.tosb.②宣布：announce/declare/annunciate情绪类①冷漠的：hardened/indifferent②活跃地：actively/energetically/zealously【点睛】[高分句型1]Flashingasmile,Icontinued,“Anythingyou’dliketosay!”(运用了现在分词作状语) [高分句型2]Hehandedmeanenvelope,whichdefinitelyaddedmoreanxietytomeatthatmoment.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)听力答案：1~5BBCAC6~10AACBC11~15BAABC16~20CABBA