福建省厦门市2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末试题（Word版附解析）

2022—2023学年上学期高二年级学业水平测试英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、座号、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdidthewomandolastnight?A.Shewatchedamovie.B.ShevisitedMeg.C.Shewentshopping.2.Whoisusingthetrucknow?A.Gina.B.Jason.C.Liam.3.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Seekajob.B.Haveacheck-up.C.Cancelanappointment.4Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheman’ssuggestion?A.Uninterested.B.Surprised.C.Puzzled.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Aplayer’sinjury.B.Afootballgame.C.Aninternationalcareer.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Sellerandcustomer.C.Schoolmates.,7.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Answeratelephonecall.B.Accompanyhismomhome.C.Sharehisfavoriteactivities.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inakitchen.B.Inanoffice.C.Inacarshop.9.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Maketimeforcooking.B.Arriveatworkontime.C.Gethercarfixedsoon.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Givehimsomemedicine.B.Provideamedicalreport.C.Submitasicknoteforhim.11.Howoftenshouldthemantakethemedicine?A.Onceaday.B.Twiceaday.C.Threetimesaday.12.Whatwillthemandorightaftertheconversation?A.Paythebilldownstairs.B.Returntothehospital.C.Haveasoundsleep.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whyisthewomantalkingtotheman?A.Todiscussaprogram.B.Toconductasurvey.C.Tomakeatravelplan.14.Whatisgoodaboutthetrainaccordingtotheman?A.Itrunsonschedule.B.Itservesdeliciouscoffee.C.IthasastrongInternetsignal.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkshouldbeadded?A.Moreseatsinthewaitingarea.B.Anoticeboardinthecafe.C.Aninformationdesk.16.Whatdoesthemanthinkofparkingatthestation?A.Satisfying.B.Disappointing.C.Unclear.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?,A.Toattracttouriststothepark.B.Tointroducethehistoryofthepark.C.Toexplainsomechangesofthepark.18.Whereisthecafe?A.Besidethemuseum.B.Neartheglasshouses.C.Oppositethegardens.19.Whatwillberelocated?A.Thegates.B.Thetoilets.C.Theplayground.20.Whatdoweknowaboutthegym?A.Itisnewlyadded.B.Itiseasytofind.C.Itisaimedatadults.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhatparentingstyleisrightforyou?ParentalGuidance’sexpertDrJustinCoulsonbreaksdowneachwayyoucanraiseyourkids.AttachmentparentingThisisabouttheparentandthechildbeingascloseaspossiblephysicallyandemotionally.Attachmentparentingisusuallyforbabiesandyoungchildrenjustlearningtowalk.FrenchparentingFrenchparentingisaboutallowingadultstolivetheiradultliveswhileencouragingchildrentobechildren,butnotinterfere(妨碍)withtheadults’lives.Theexpectationonchildrenisthatifthey’regoingtointerfere,theyneedtodoitinamaturewaythatrespectsthattheadultshavelivestolive.Frenchparentingencourageschildrentodothingsontheirownandalsotohavehighexpectations.HelicopterparentingHelicopterparentsdon’twanttheirchildrentosufferatall.Theydothingsfortheirchildrenthattheycanandoughttodoforthemselves,especiallyoutsidethehome.Free-rangeparentingIt’sabouttrustingyourchildrenandgivingthemtheskillstofindtheirlimits.It’sapushbackagainstanxious,riskopposingparenting;againsthelicoptering,making-sureeverything-is-OKparentingthatsomanyofusfallvictimto.Routineparenting,Routineparentingisallaboutarrangementandroutine.Itimprovesefficiencies.Yougetalotdone.Everythinghasitsplaceandthere'saplaceforeverything.Butitplaceshighdemandsontheleader.Andtoomuchfocusonroutinecanpreventnewideas,connectionandfun.1.Whichstylebestsuitsparentswithchildrenunder3?A.Attachmentparenting.B.Frenchparenting.C.Helicopterparenting.D.Free-rangeparenting.2.WhatdoFrenchparentingandFree-rangeparentinghaveincommon?A.Leavingchildreninanxiety.B.Expectingtoomuchofchildren.C.EncouragingchildrentobeindependentD.WishingchildrentobeOKineverything.3.WhatisadisadvantageofRoutineparenting?A.It’sallaboutarrangement.B.It’soflittleefficiency.C.Ittakesplaceeverywhere.D.Itdiscouragescreativity.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要对养育孩子的不同方式进行了详细分析。【1题详解】细节理解题。文章Attachmentparenting部分“Thisisabouttheparentandthechildbeingascloseaspossiblephysicallyandemotionally.Attachmentparentingisusuallyforbabiesandyoungchildrenjustlearningtowalk.(这是关于父母和孩子在身体和情感上尽可能接近。依恋养育通常是针对刚学会走路的婴儿和幼儿。)”可知最适合三岁以下孩子的父母的方式是依恋养育，故选A。【2题详解】推理判断题。文章Frenchparenting部分“Frenchparentingisaboutallowingadultstolivetheiradultliveswhileencouragingchildrentobechildren,(法国的育儿方式是允许成年人过自己的成人生活，同时鼓励孩子成为孩子)”，“Frenchparentingencourageschildrentodothingsontheirownandalsotohavehighexpectations.(法国的父母鼓励孩子自己做事，也要有很高的期望。)”以及Free-rangeparenting部分“It’sabouttrustingyourchildrenandgivingthemtheskillstofindtheirlimits.(这是关于信任你的孩子，给他们找到自己极限的技能。)”可知法国式育儿和自由放养式育儿的共同点是鼓励儿童独立，故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。文章Routineparenting部分“Andtoomuchfocusonroutinecanpreventnewideas,connection,andfun.(过于专注于日常生活会阻碍新的想法、联系和乐趣。)”可知常规育儿的缺点是阻碍了创造力，故选D。BMikeLeach,thebad-temperedandpioneeringcollegefootballcoachwhohelpedcompletelychangethepassinggamewiththeAirRaidoffense(进攻),diedfromaheartconditionattheageof61.“Mikewasagivingandattentivehusband,fatherandgrandfather.HewasabletotakepartinorgandonationatUMMCasafinalactofcharity,”thefamilysaidinastatement.In21seasonsasaheadcoachatTexasTech,WashingtonStateandMississippiState,Leachwent158-107.Hisimpactonalllevelsoffootball—fromhighschooltotheNFL—overthelasttwodecadesrunsdeepandwillcontinueforyearstocome.MississippiStatePresidentMarkKeenumsaid,“Hispassingbringsgreatsadnesstoouruniversity,totheSoutheasternConference,andtoallwholovedcollegefootball.”Leach’steamswerecontinuingwinnersatprogramswheresuccessdidnotcomeeasy.Andhisquarterbacksputupmassivepassingstatistics,runningarelativelysimpleoffensecalledtheAirRaidthathedidnotinventbutcertainlymastered.“Youhavetomakechoicesandlimitwhatyou’regoingtoteachandwhatyou’regoingtodo.That’sthehardpart,”LeachtoldtheAPabouttheAirRaid’seconomicalplaybook.AfteryearsofquestionsaboutwhetherLeach’sspreadoffensecouldbesuccessfulinthenation’smosttalentedfootballconference,theBulldogssetanSECrecordforyardspassinginhisveryfirstgameagainstdefendingnationalchampionLSU.In1987,hebrokeintocollegecoachingatCalPoly,butitwasatIowaWesleyanwherehefoundhismuse.HeadcoachHalMummehadinventedtheAirRaidwhilecoachinghighschoolinTexas.AtIowaWesleyan,withLeachasoffensivecoordinator(协调者),itbegantotakeholdandcompletelychangethewayfootballwasplayed.Fromthen,theAirRaidspreadlikewildandbecamethenoticeablewayoffensewasrunintheBig12.4.WhichwordbestdescribesMikeLeachasafootballcoach?A.Friendly.B.Generous.C.Influential.D.Demanding.5.WhatmakestheAirRaidpopular?A.Leach’sprofitableplaybook.B.Leach’sspreadofit.C.ThedefendingofLeach’steams.D.Theeasyaccesstoit.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“muse”refertoinparagraph5?A.Fan.B.Boss.C.Invention.D.Inspiration.7.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Toexplainpassingskills.B.Toencouragedonations.,C.TohonourMikeLeach.D.TointroduceHalMumme.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了MikeLeach对橄榄球队的影响，其目的在于纪念他。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“MikeLeach,thebad-temperedandpioneeringcollegefootballcoachwhohelpedcompletelychangethepassinggamewiththeAirRaidoffense(进攻),diedfromaheartconditionattheageof61.(麦克·里奇，这位脾气暴躁的大学橄榄球的先锋教练，用AirRaid彻底改变了传球比赛，死于心脏病，享年61岁。)”，第二段“In21seasonsasaheadcoachatTexasTech,WashingtonStateandMississippiState,Leachwent158-107.Hisimpactonalllevelsoffootball—fromhighschooltotheNFL—overthelasttwodecadesrunsdeepandwillcontinueforyearstocome.(在德克萨斯理工大学、华盛顿州立大学和密西西比州立大学担任主教练的21个赛季中，里奇取得了158胜107负的战绩。在过去的二十年里，他对从高中到全国橄榄球联盟的各个级别的橄榄球都产生了深远的影响，并将在未来几年继续下去。)”可知，MikeLeach用AirRaid彻底改变了传球比赛，对各个级别的橄榄球比赛都有深远影响。由此可知，MikeLeach是一个很有影响力的人。故选C项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“AfteryearsofquestionsaboutwhetherLeach’sspreadoffensecouldbesuccessfulinthenation’smosttalentedfootballconference,theBulldogssetanSECrecordforyardspassinginhisveryfirstgameagainstdefendingnationalchampionLSU.(多年来，人们一直质疑里奇的传播进攻是否能在美国最有天赋的橄榄球联盟中取得成功，斗牛犬队在他对阵卫冕全国冠军路易斯安那州立大学的第一场比赛中就创造了SEC的传球码数记录。)”、第五段“AtIowaWesleyan,withLeachasoffensivecoordinator(协调者),itbegantotakeholdandcompletelychangethewayfootballwasplayed.(在爱荷华卫斯理大学，由里奇担任进攻协调员，它开始生根发芽，并完全改变了橄榄球的比赛方式。)”和第六段“Fromthen,theAirRaidspreadlikewildandbecamethenoticeablewayoffensewasrunintheBig12.(从那时起，AirRaid就疯狂地蔓延开来，成为12大联盟中引人注目的进攻方式。)”可知，正是由于MikeLeach的传播，才让AirRaid成为引人注目的进攻方式。故选B项。【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第五段“In1987,hebrokeintocollegecoachingatCalPoly,butitwasatIowaWesleyanwherehefoundhismuse.HeadcoachHalMummehadinventedtheAirRaidwhilecoachinghighschoolinTexas.AtIowaWesleyan,withLeachasoffensivecoordinator(协调者),itbegantotakeholdandcompletelychangethewayfootballwasplayed.(1987年，他进入加州理工大学执教，但在爱荷华卫斯理大学，他找到了自己的。,muse主教练哈尔·穆姆在德克萨斯州执教一所高中时发明了AirRaid。在爱荷华卫斯理大学，由里奇担任进攻协调员，它开始生根发芽，并完全改变了橄榄球的比赛方式。)”可知，MikeLeach是在爱荷华卫斯理大学找到了muse，结合后面的主教练HalMumme发明了AirRaid，而MikeLeach使它生根发芽。由此可推知，是在爱荷华卫斯理大学执教时启发了MikeLeach，将AirRaid发扬光大。A.Fan粉丝；B.Boss、上司、领导；C.Invention发明；D.Inspiration灵感。muse为名词，表示“灵感、创作源泉”，四个选项中，只有D项inspiration含义与其相近。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。阅读文章内容可知，文章第一段介绍了MikeLeach是谁，第二、三、四、五、六段则重点介绍了MikeLeach对橄榄球队的影响。由此可推知，本文的写作目的在于纪念MikeLeach。故选C项。CTheword“art”usuallyevokes(唤起)imagesofwhite-walledgalleries,abstractpaintingscostingmillionsofdollarsandwealthypeople,farremovedfromoureverydayexperience.Yet,artin21stcenturyisadifferentstory.TheInternethasweakenedtheideathatartappreciationisonlyfortherich,Ithasenabledmorepeoplethanevertohaveaccesstoart.Netizensarenotonlyconsumersofartbutcreatorsandparticipants,too.Thesocialmediahasmadeitmucheasiertoshareunprofessionalworkwiththewholeworld.Anunprofessionalartistcannowsellworkorgetadvertisingmoneyfromonlinevideos.“Apictureisworthathousandwords”isthemottoofdatavisualisation(可视化)fans.Theamountofinformationavailabletodaycanbehuge,sosomepeopleareworkingonpresentingdatausingvisuallyappealingdiagramsthatareeasyforthepublictounderstand.Ofcourse,diagramscanalsobeusedbydishonestpeopletomisleadtheaudience,soweneedtotakecaretointerpretthemtherightway.Anotherwaythatartadvanceseducationisbyenablingustounderstandconceptsthatareinvisibletothenakedeye.Formostbiologystudents,thenamesandfunctionsofdozensofproteinsgoinoneearandouttheother,butunforgettablevideoslike“TheInnerLifeoftheCell”turnproteinsintotinypeoplewithdifferentjobsinacityoflargemachinery.Thesamegoesforconceptsinphysicssuchasblackholes-wecanunderstandthembetterwiththehelpofartistswhohavebackgroundsinbothartandscience.Eventhoughmostpeoplemaynotbeconsciouslyawareofit,artisallaroundus.Asmostofoursurroundingenvironmentisman-made,everythinginitcontainssomeelementofartandcaninfluenceourbehaviour—tellinguswheretogoorhowtointeractwithobjects,feedingustrueorfalseinformationandcontrollingouremotions.Artindeedhasagreaterimpactthanmanywouldbelieveitdoes.8.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.HowtheInternetprovidesservicefortherich.,B.HowtheInternetbringsartclosertoeveryone.C.Hownetizenscancontributetoart.D.Howpeopleappreciateanduseart.9.What’stheauthorsattitudetowardsusingdiagramsinparagraph3?A.Optimistic.B.Disapproving.C.Objective.D.Indifferent.10.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A.Videosturnproteinsintotinypeople.B.Videosexplainconceptsbetterthanpictures.C.Arthelpsstudentsunderstandsomeconcepts.D.Arthelpsartistshavemorebackgrounds.11.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesartinthe21stcentury?A.Accessibleandpowerful.B.Abstractandgraceful.C.Expensiveanddigital.D.Traditionalandcontroversial.【答案】8.B9.C10.C11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了21世纪的艺术的便利性和强大影响力改变了人们对艺术的欣赏，有助于促进教育的发展。【8题详解】主旨大意题。文章第二段讲到“TheInternethasweakenedtheideathatartappreciationisonlyfortherich,Ithasenabledmorepeoplethanevertohaveaccesstoart.(互联网削弱了艺术欣赏只针对富人的观念，它使更多的人能够接触到艺术)”可知第二段主要讲互联网如何使艺术更接近每个人，故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。文章第三段讲到“Ofcourse,diagramscanalsobeusedbydishonestpeopletomisleadtheaudience,soweneedtotakecaretointerpretthemtherightway.(当然，图表也可能被不诚实的人用来误导观众，所以我们需要小心以正确的方式解释它们)”可知作者对第三段中使用图表的态度是客观的，故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。文章第四段讲到“Anotherwaythatartadvanceseducationisbyenablingustounderstandconceptsthatareinvisibletothenakedeye.(艺术促进教育的另一种方式是让我们理解肉眼看不见的概念)”可知从第四段可以推断出艺术帮助学生理解一些概念，故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“Eventhoughmostpeoplemaynotbeconsciouslyawareofit,artisallaroundus.,(尽管大多数人可能没有意识到艺术，但艺术就在我们身边)”说明艺术很方便；以及最后一句“Artindeedhasagreaterimpactthanmanywouldbelieveitdoes.(艺术的影响确实比许多人想象的要大。)”可知21世纪的艺术的是既方便又强大，故选A。DFormostofhumanhistory,peopleraisedcropsandlivestocktofeedtheirhouseholdsratherthantosellthemforprofit.ThisbegantoshiftaftertheIndustrialRevolution,whichsawtheriseofplantationfarming.Industrialfarmingnotonlyincreasedthecrop-growingareas,butchangedthetechniquesusedbyfarmers.Insteadofswitchingthecropsthatweregrownonafieldeachyear,entireplantationswouldbedevotedtoasinglecrop.Thisapproachandintensivemodesoffarmingledtodestructionoflocalbiodiversityandlandworsening-withinyears,fieldswouldceasetoproducecrops.Plantationsofthe18thand19thcenturieswerea“getrichquickplan”ratherthanalong-terminvestment.Onceafieldbecameunusable,plantationownerswouldsimplymoveontonewland.Uptotheendofthe19hcentury,wideareasofourplanetwerestillnotclaimedbyglobalmodernity.Buttoday,whilewearequicklyrunningoutofvegetative(覆盖植被的)land,thismindsetcontinues.“Farmersstillholdtheviewthatlandischeapandlimitless,”saidCrystalDavisfromtheWorldResourcesInstitute.“Mostofthemjustcutdownmoretrees,whennewlandisneeded.”“Tomeetourecologicalgoals,weneedtostopturningnaturalecosystemstofarmland,”Davissaid.“Wecanachievethisinpartbybringingbacktheland’secologicalwholenessandproductivity.”Davispointstothe20×20initiative(倡议),whichhasseen18SouthAmericanandCaribbeancountriescommittorecovering50mhectaresoflandby2030.Itincludesanumberofprojectsaimedatintroducingagroforestry(混农林业)practicestococoaandcoffeefarmsinColombiaandNicaragua.Therefarmersareencouragedtogrowcropswhileintroducingmoretreestotheirland.12.Whatcanwelearnaboutindustrialfarming?A.Itexistedformostofhumanhistory.BItchangedfarmingmethods.C.Itincreasedcropproductionsteadily.D.Itreducedcrop-plantingareas.13.Whichofthefollowingdomostfarmersdoatpresent?A.Abusethelandforquickprofit.B.Desertwideareasofplantations.C.Adoptmoderntechnologytofarm.,D.Plantmoretreestosatisfyglobalneed.14.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthe20×20initiative?A.Itadvocateseco-friendlyfarming.B.Itinvolvescountriesaroundtheworld.C.Itencouragesfarmerstodevelopmoreland.D.Itfocusesonincreasingcocoaandcoffeeoutput.15.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.HowCanWeTakeupFarming?B.HowCanWeFeedtheWorld?C.MeetingOurEcologicalGoalsD.ShiftingtoRegenerativeAgriculture【答案】12.B13.A14.A15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了从工业化农业带来的不良影响和转向可再生农业的过程。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Industrialfarmingnotonlyincreasedthecrop-growingareas,butchangedthetechniquesusedbyfarmers.(工业化农业不仅增加了作物种植面积，而且改变了农民耕作的方法。)”可知，工业化农业改变了农民耕作的方法。故选B项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Plantationsofthe18thand19thcenturieswerea“getrichquickplan”ratherthanalong-terminvestment.Onceafieldbecameunusable,plantationownerswouldsimplymoveontonewland.Uptotheendofthe19hcentury,wideareasofourplanetwerestillnotclaimedbyglobalmodernity.Buttoday,whilewearequicklyrunningoutofvegetative(覆盖植被的)land,thismindsetcontinues.(18世纪和19世纪的种植园是一个“快速致富计划”，而不是长期投资。一旦一块土地无法使用，种植园主就会转移到新的土地上。直到19世纪末，我们这个星球的广大地区仍然没有被全球现代性所宣称。但今天，虽然我们的植物地正在迅速耗尽，但这种心态仍在继续。)”可知，直到今天，人们依然还是有这种“为了赚钱而消耗土地”的想法。故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Davispointstothe20×20initiative(倡议),whichhasseen18SouthAmericanandCaribbeancountriescommittorecovering50mhectaresoflandby2030.Itincludesanumberofprojectsaimedatintroducingagroforestry(混农林业)practicestococoaandcoffeefarmsinColombiaandNicaragua.Therefarmersareencouragedtogrowcropswhileintroducingmoretreestotheirland.(戴维斯提到了20×20倡议，18个南美和加勒比国家承诺到2030年恢复5000万公顷土地。它包括一些旨在将农林复合做法引入哥,伦比亚和尼加拉瓜的可可和咖啡农场的项目。在那里，农民被鼓励种植农作物，同时在他们的土地上种植更多的树木。)”可知，20×20倡议不仅承诺到2030年恢复5000万公顷土地，还引入了混农林业。由此可推知，该倡议倡导环境友好型农业。故选A项。15题详解】主旨大意题。阅读文章可知，文章第一段提到工业革命后农业开始转向种植园；第二、三段重点介绍了工业化农业带来的不良影响；第四、五段重点介绍了转向环境友好型农业种植。由此可知，D项“ShiftingtoRegenerativeAgriculture(转向可再生农业)”最能概括全文。故选D项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Wateriscloselyrelatedtoourlives,anditisaninseparablepartofus.Studiesshowthatdrinkingenoughwaterfightsoffhealthproblems.____16____Helpyouloseweight.Someresearchhassuggestedthatdrinkingplentyofwatercanhelpyouburncalories.____17____Bothhungerandtirednessmightbesignsofdehydration(脱水),asareheadaches.Protectagainstcancerandheartdisease.Waterhelpsconveynutrients(营养物),hormonesandproteinsaroundthebody,and“messages”tothenervoussystem.Wateralsocleansourliver,kidneyandbladder.Infact,aUSstudyfoundthatmenwhodranksix250mlglassesofwateradayhalvedtheirriskofbladdercancer,whileanotherstudysuggestedthatwomenwhodrinkmorewatercuttheirriskofcoloncancerbyupto45percent.____18____Strengthenyourimmunesystemwithashower.Ashowerwillsurelycleanourbodyfromheadtotoe.____19____ADutchstudywhereparticipantstookhot-to-coldshowersfoundthattheyhadfewersickdaysfromwork.____20____Swimmingisagreatno-sweatexercise.Notonlydoesitgiveyouafull-bodyworkout,reducestressandincreaseyourenergy,itdoesn’tleaveyousweaty,becausethewatersurroundingyoukeepsyourbodycool.Likeswimming,boatingisalsolow-qualityimpactsportsthataregreatforyourarms,bodyandlegs,andhavetheaddedbonusofhavingameditative(冥想的)qualitythatcanreleasestress.A.Providephysicalactivityandrelaxation.B.Reducestressanddevelopcriticalthinking.C.Attheveryleast,itwilleaseyourhungerandboostyourenergy.D.Otherresearchfounditalsolowerswomen’sriskofaheartattack.E.Soitisbeneficialthatbothmanandwomandrinkplentyofwater.,F.Italsohastheaddedadvantageofimprovingimmunityfromillness.G.Herearesomeofthewaysyourbodybenefitsfromthislife-savingliquid.【答案】16.G17.C18.D19.F20.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了水对人的身体健康带来的影响。【16题详解】上文“Wateriscloselyrelatedtoourlives,anditisaninseparablepartofus.Studiesshowthatdrinkingenoughwaterfightsoffhealthproblems.(水与我们的生活息息相关，它是我们不可分割的一部分。研究表明，饮用足够的水可以对抗健康问题。)”提到了和足够的水有利于身体健康；下文“Helpyouloseweight.Someresearchhassuggestedthatdrinkingplentyofwatercanhelpyouburncalories.(帮助你减肥。一些研究表明，喝大量的水可以帮助你燃烧卡路里。)”提到了喝足够的水可以帮助减肥。由此可推知，设空处需要填一个过渡句，承上启下。G项“Herearesomeofthewaysyourbodybenefitsfromthislife-savingliquid.(以下是你的身体从这种救命液体中受益的一些方式。)”与上下文对应。故选G项。【17题详解】上文“Helpyouloseweight.Someresearchhassuggestedthatdrinkingplentyofwatercanhelpyouburncalories.(帮助你减肥。一些研究表明，喝大量的水可以帮助你燃烧卡路里。)”提到了多喝水可以帮助燃烧卡路里；下文“Bothhungerandtirednessmightbesignsofdehydration(脱水),asareheadaches.(饥饿和疲劳都可能是脱水的迹象，头痛也是。)”提到了饥饿和疲劳都可能是脱水的迹象。C项“Attheveryleast,itwilleaseyourhungerandboostyourenergy.(至少，它会缓解你的饥饿感，增加你的能量。)”与上下文对应。故选C项。【18题详解】段首主旨句“Protectagainstcancerandheartdisease.(预防癌症和心脏病。)”提到了可以预防癌症和心脏病；上文“Infact,aUSstudyfoundthatmenwhodranksix250mlglassesofwateradayhalvedtheirriskofbladdercancer,whileanotherstudysuggestedthatwomenwhodrinkmorewatercuttheirriskofcoloncancerbyupto45percent.(事实上，美国的一项研究发现，每天喝6杯250毫升水的男性患膀胱癌的风险降低了一半，而另一项研究表明，多喝水的女性患结肠癌的风险降低了45%。)”提到了两项喝水与降低患病风险的研究。D项“Otherresearchfounditalsolowerswomen’sriskofaheartattack.(其他研究发现，它还能降低女性患心脏病的风险。)”与本段内容息息相关。故选D项。【19题详解】上文“Strengthenyourimmunesystemwithashower.Ashowerwillsurelycleanourbodyfromheadtotoe.(洗澡可以增强免疫系统。洗个澡肯定能把我们从头到脚洗干净。)”提到了洗澡可以增强免疫系统；下文“A,Dutchstudywhereparticipantstookhot-to-coldshowersfoundthattheyhadfewersickdaysfromwork.(荷兰的一项研究发现，在参与者洗冷水澡后，他们请病假的天数更少。)”提到了研究发现洗冷水澡后，人请假的天数更少。F项“Italsohastheaddedadvantageofimprovingimmunityfromillness.(它还有提高免疫力、避免生病的额外好处。)”与本段内容息息相关。故选F项。【20题详解】设空处位于段首，为段落主旨句，应能概括段落主旨；下文“Swimmingisagreatno-sweatexercise.Notonlydoesitgiveyouafull-bodyworkout,reducestressandincreaseyourenergy,itdoesn’tleaveyousweaty,becausethewatersurroundingyoukeepsyourbodycool.Likeswimming,boatingisalsolow-qualityimpactsportsthataregreatforyourarms,bodyandlegs,andhavetheaddedbonusofhavingameditative(冥想的)qualitythatcanreleasestress.(游泳是一项很好的无汗运动。它不仅能给你一个全身的锻炼，减轻压力，增加你的能量，它不会让你出汗，因为你周围的水让你的身体保持凉爽。和游泳一样，划船也是一种低质量的运动，对你的手臂、身体和腿都有好处，而且还有一个额外的好处，就是可以冥想，释放压力。)”提到了在水里游泳带来的好处。A项“Providephysicalactivityandrelaxation.(提供体育活动和放松。)”最能概括本段内容。故选A项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MydaughterMarisaisquiteagooddancer,justlikehermom,Ilovemusic,butmydancingis____21____!EverytimeItry,twothingsgetintheway:my____22____.Severalyearsago,Marisawasabridesmaid(伴娘)inaweddingthatwe____23____.Atthereception,Marisacoaxed(哄)metodancewithher.Whenwegottothedancefloor,themusic____24____mybody.Theproblemwasthatit____25____myfeet.AsIbeganmovingtothe____26____,Ithoughtofthatfamousphrase:“Dancelikenooneiswatching.”Thatdidn’t____27____.Everyonewaswatching.Mybrother-in-lawwas____28____sohardthathealmostfel1offhischair.ItriedtokeepupwithMarisa’smoves.____29____,Iwasalwaystwostepsbehind.ShewasthedancingqueenwhileIwastheclown(小丑).Ithinkyougetthe_____30_____.Ofcourse,Iwasfeeling_____31_____.However,Marisakeptleadingmealong.Soon,despitemy_____32_____moves,Ibegantoenjoymyself.IleftthefloorfeelingproudofMarisaandhermoves.Ialsofeltsatisfied_____33_____.Ihadchosentodancewithher.Lifeonlygivesussomany_____34_____todance.Ifanyoneasksyoutodance,standupandgiveityourall.It’sfarbettertodancelikea_____35_____thantosittherewithregretswhenthemusic’sover.21.A.smoothB.awfulC.remarkableD.intense,22.A.eyesB.handsC.feetD.arms23.A.hostedB.arrangedC.approvedD.attended24.A.tookoverB.builtupC.shapedD.cured25.A.hurtB.infectedC.liftedD.missed26.A.beatB.visionC.fantasyD.gesture27.A.stopB.workC.matterD.change28.A.dancingB.laughingC.movingD.posing29.A.EventuallyB.HopefullyC.ThankfullyD.Unfortunately30.A.answerB.helpC.pictureD.credit31.A.amusedB.inspiredC.embarrassedD.threatened32.A.poorB.steadyC.abnormalD.extraordinary33.A.becauseB.althoughC.soD.unless34.A.reasonsB.waysC.chancesD.places35.A.geniusB.foolC.babyD.queen【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.D26.A27.B28.B29.D30.C31.C32.A33.A34.C35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了不太擅长跳舞作者和女儿一起跳舞的故事，引发了作者勇于尝试而不是坐那里不动徒增遗憾的感悟。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的女儿玛丽莎是一个很好的舞者，就像她妈妈一样，我喜欢音乐，但我的舞蹈很糟糕。A.smooth光滑的；B.awful可怕的，糟糕的；C.remarkable显著的；D.intense强烈的。根据前文“MydaughterMarisaisquiteagooddancer,justlikehermom,Ilovemusic”以及转折词but可知作者跳舞很差。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每次我尝试，都有两件事阻碍了我：我的双脚。A.eyes眼睛；B.hands手；C.feet脚；D.arms胳膊。根据前文“twothingsgetintheway”以及下文“Theproblemwasthatit____5____myfeet.”可知不会跳舞的人双脚是跟不上节拍的，是作者的双脚出了问题。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年前，玛丽莎在我们参加的婚礼上做伴娘。A.hosted主办；B.arranged安排；C.approved批准；D.attended出席。根据前文“Marisawasabridesmaid”可知作者和女儿一起参加一,场婚礼。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词以及动词短语辨析。句意：当我们走到舞池时，音乐占据了我的身体。A.tookover接管；B.builtup建立；C.shaped塑形；D.cured治愈。根据前文“wegottothedancefloor”可知作者和女儿进入舞池被音乐包围。takeover符合句意。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：问题是它错过了我的脚。A.hurt伤害；B.infected感染；C.lifted提升；D.missed错过。根据后文的“AsIbeganmovingtothe__6__,Ithoughtofthatfamousphrase”可知作者的双脚错过了节拍。故选D项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我开始跟着节拍跳的时候，我想起了那句著名的话：“像没人看一样跳舞。”A.beat节拍，打；B.vision愿景，视力，视野；C.fantasy幻想；D.gesture手势。根据常识可知跳舞要跟上音乐节拍。故选A项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那没有起作用。A.stop停止；B.work工作；C.matter要紧，有重大影响；D.change改变。根据后文的“Everyonewaswatching”可知作者自己默念的那句话并没有效果。故选B项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的姐夫笑地如此厉害以至于差点从椅子上摔下来。A.dancing跳舞；B.laughing笑；C.moving移动；D.posing摆好姿势。根据前文“Theproblemwasthatit____5____myfeet.”可知作者跳舞的样子一定很滑稽，所以作者的姐夫大笑了起来。故选B项。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，我总是落后两步。A.Eventually最终地；B.Hopefully有希望地；C.Thankfully感激地；D.Unfortunately不幸地。根据前文“ItriedtokeepupwithMarisa’smoves”以及后文“Iwasalwaystwostepsbehind”可知此处表示很不幸。故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想你一定能得到那时的画面。A.answer答案；B.help帮助；C.picture图片，画面；D.credit信用。根据前文“____9__,Iwasalwaystwostepsbehind.ShewasthedancingqueenwhileIwastheclown(小丑).”可知这是作者给读者描绘的当时的情形。故选C项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，我感到很尴尬。A.amused感到高兴的；B.inspired受到启发的；C.embarrassed感到尴尬的；D.threatened受到威胁的。根据前文“____9__,Iwasalwaystwostepsbehind.She,wasthedancingqueenwhileIwastheclown(小丑).”可知作者在那种情形下一定很尴尬。故选C项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很快，尽管我的动作很差，我还是开始玩得很开心。A.poor差的；B.steady稳定的；C.abnormal异常的；D.extraordinary异乎寻常的。根据前文“__9__,Iwasalwaystwostepsbehind.”可知作者的动作一定很差。故选A项。【33题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我也很满意因为我选择了和她跳舞。A.because因为；B.although尽管；C.so因此；D.unless除非。根据前文“Soon,despitemy_9__moves,Ibegantoenjoymyself.”以及下文“Ifanyoneasksyoutodance,standupandgiveityourall”可知虽然作者跳的不好，但是没有放弃和女儿坚持跳完。作者感到满意是因为自己没有放弃，选择了和女儿一起跳舞。故选A项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活只给了我们那么多跳舞的机会。A.reasons原因；B.ways方法；C.chances机会；D.places地方。根据后文“Ifanyoneasksyoutodance,standupandgiveityourall”可知这是机会。故选C项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当音乐结束时，像傻瓜一样跳舞总比遗憾地坐在那里好得多。A.genius天才；B.fool傻瓜；C.baby婴儿；D.queen女王。根据前文“__9__,Iwasalwaystwostepsbehind.ShewasthedancingqueenwhileIwastheclown(小丑).”可知作者自嘲自己跳舞像小丑，即使在别人眼中像傻瓜也比坐在那里好得多。故选B项。第二节(共3篇，10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。Bodylanguageisasimportantaswordsincommunication.It’scrucial____36____weshouldrecognizebodylanguagediffersin____37____(variety)cultures,butit’salsoimportantto“doinRomeastheRomansdo”.Forexample,thegesturefor“OK”canmean“money”inJapan.Bycontrast,suchagestureinBrazilcanbeoffensive!Ofcourse,somebodylanguage____38____(share)byallcultures.Forinstance,wavingone’shandwhileseeingyourfriendoffislike____39____(say)“Goodbye”,andasmileoftengetspeoplethroughdifficultsituations.【答案】36.that37.various38.isshared39.saying,【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在交际中，肢体语言和语言一样重要。在认识肢体语言时，既要入乡随俗，也要了解到其中的相同点和不同点。【36题详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们应该认识到身体语言在各种文化中的不同是至关重要的，但“入乡随俗”也很重要。分析句子可知，空格处为真正主语从句连接词，主语从句不缺少句子成分，表示肯定意义，应使用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意同上。分析句子可知，空格处为定语，修饰名词cultures，应使用形容词。故填various。【38题详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：当然，某些肢体语言是所有文化都有的。分析句子可知，空格处为句子谓语部分，动词share和主语somebodylanguage是被动关系，应使用被动语态，同时本文陈述的社会状态，整体时态是一般现在时，主语是somebodylanguage是第三人称单数形式。故填isshared。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，在送别朋友时挥手就像说“再见”，微笑通常能帮助人们渡过难关。分析句子可知，空格处为介词like的宾语，应使用名词。故填saying。B阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。Onehotdayafterwork,Isawadogcirclingmycar.AsIapproached,hedisappearedunderthecar.Iopenedthedoor,dranksomewater,and____40____(lower)tomykneestolookforhim.WhenIstoodup,Ifoundhimsittinginthedriver’sseat,panting(喘息)andstaringback____41____me.Ipouredwaterintothebottlecap,andhedrankitup____42____(immediate).BeforeIdroveoutofthelot,hehadclimbedontomylap!【答案】40.lowered41.at42.immediately【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者在工作结束后，遇到一只小狗的故事。【40题详解】考查动词时态。句意：我打开门，喝了一些水，然后屈膝来找他。分析句子可知，设空处位于并且连词and后，与前面的opened和drank为并列谓语，主语为I，与动词lower之间为主动关系，结合前面的opened和drank可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填lowered。【41题详解】,考查固定短语。句意：当我站起来时，我发现他坐在驾驶座上，气喘吁吁地盯着我。stareat为固定搭配，表示“凝视、盯着”。故填at。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：我把水倒进瓶盖，他马上就喝光了。分析句子可知，设空处在句中修饰动词，作状语，应用副词；immediate的副词形式为immediately，表示“立即”。故填immediately。C阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。Blindscientistsoftenrelyontextreaderstoreadjournalarticles,buttheproblemisthediagrams.Recentlyresearchershavedevelopedaneasyway____43____(display)visual(视觉的)databy3Dprintingthemonalithopbane____44____thinplasticsheetthatshowsthevisualdataintheformofraisedareas.Userscanruntheirfingeracrossthesurfaceandperceive____45____(feature)ofphysicalimagessuchasdatapointsandcurves(曲线).【答案】43.todisplay44.a45.features【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员开发了一种简单的方法：以凸起区域的形式显示视觉数据解决文本阅读器的图表问题。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最近，研究人员开发了一种简单的方法，通过将视觉数据3D打印在一块薄塑料板上，以凸起区域的形式显示视觉数据。分析句子可知，空格处作定语，修饰way，后接不定式，waytodosth.“做某事的方式”。故填todisplay。【44题详解】考查冠词。句意同上题。分析句子可知，空格后thinplasticsheet为lithopbane同位语表示“一块薄塑料板”，应使用不定冠词表示泛指。故填a。【45题详解】考查名词复数形式。句意：用户可以在表面上移动手指，并感知物理图像的特征，如数据点和曲线。分析句子可知，空格处为动词perceive的宾语，feature是可数名词，根据句意应使用复数形式。故填features。第四部分写作(共两节，满分30分)第一节(满分15分)46.你校正在组织英语作文比赛，请以身边令你感动的一个时刻为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：1.描述令你感动的时刻；,2.表达你的感悟。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。AHeart-meltingMomentforMe_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】AHeart-meltingMomentForMeThingscomeandgo,butthereisalwaysamomentthatneverfadesout.Onafreezingafternoon,itwaspouringoutside.Allofasudden,abigbranchwastornoffatreebywindandblockedthestreet,whichmightcauseseriousaccidents.AsIwaswonderingwhattodo,therecameadeliveryman.Hestoppedtodragthebranchtothesidewithallhisstrength,hisbodywetthrough.Justatthatmoment,myheartmelt.Ordinaryasheis,hewonmyrespect.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性文。要求考生以身边令人感动的一个时刻为题，写一篇短文参加英语作文比赛。【详解】1.词汇积累消逝：fadeout→dieaway寒冷的：freezing→chilly突然地：Allofasudden→Unexpectedly倾盆大雨：pouring→rainingheavily2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Hestoppedtodragthebranchtothesidewithallhisstrength,hisbodywetthrough.拓展句：Hestoppedtodragthebranchtothesidewithallhisstrength,asaresultofwhichhisbodywaswetthrough.【点睛】【高分句型1】Allofasudden,abigbranchwastornoffatreebywindandblockedthestreet,whichmightcauseseriousaccidents.（运用which引导非限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】AsIwaswonderingwhattodo,therecameadeliveryman.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句）,第二节(满分15分)47.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Freelancingisthekindofjobthatpromisestofreepeoplefromaregularnine-to-fiveemploymenttoonewherethehoursareflexible.Suchchoiceisablessingforpeoplewhoareheldbackbyotherdemandsbutstillwanttoearnanincomeormakegooduseoftheirskills.Freelancingmeansthattherecanbemorethanonesourceofincome,oftenshort-timeassignmentsalsoknownas“gigs”.Itisunsurprisingthattheconventionalimageoftoday’sfreelancerisyoung,laptop-carryingcitizens,hurryingforgigsinasharedworkspaceorcoffeebarinanattempttostrikeabetterwork-lifebalanceforthemselves.Infact,thoseintheir30sand40smakeupthelargestamountofthefreelancerpopulationintheUnitedStatesandotherdevelopedcountries.TheUSisalsoseeingariseinfreelancingintheretirees.Suchistheappealofthegigeconomy,anditdoesnotseemtobedecreasing.Isthegigindustrytrulyallsunshineandrainbows,though?Whilesuchanindustryappealstomanyfolkswithdifferentneedsandwants,thelackofcertaintymakesworkinginthegigeconomyunstable.Theabsenceofasteadysourceofincomemakesitdifficultforpeopletocopewithemergency.Notworkingpermanently(长久地)foracompanyalsomeansonedoesnotgettoenjoytheadditionalbenefits,suchashealth-carewelfare,typicallyaffordedtoapermanentemployee.Moreover,instability(不稳定性)leadstoinsecurity.Asgigsvaryandassignmentsmaynotoccurfrequently,itisdifficulttoplanforthefuture,highlightingoneofthebiggestproblemsofthegigeconomy:unreliability.Whenlife,inthisincreasinglyuncertainandcomplexworld,landsyouintrouble,itmakesperfectsensetohaveapermanentjob,tohaveasteadyfootinginordertodealwithit.Inaword,therearemanybenefitsthatcomewithshort-termemploymentandmoreflexible,convenientworkingarrangement.However,therearetwosidestoeverystory.Thekeyhereistobethecaptainofone'sshipandmasterofone'sfate.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Freelancingreferstoajobwhichenablespeopletoworkinaflexibleway.Itenjoyspopularityamong,differentagegroups.Despiteitsappeal,theindustryfailstoprovidesecureincomeandotherbenefits.Itsuncertaintyalsoleadstoinsecurity,makingithardforfreelancerstohandleemergencies.Therefore,oneshouldbeawareofitsprosandconsandtakecontrolofhislife.(64词)【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了什么是自由职业，以及自由职业的现状和优缺点。【详解】1.要点摘录：①对freelancing下定义：Freelancingreferstoajobwhichenablespeopletoworkinaflexibleway.②自由职业的优点：Itenjoyspopularityamongdifferentagegroups.③自由职业者不能享受社会福利：Notworkingpermanently(长久地)foracompanyalsomeansonedoesnotgettoenjoytheadditionalbenefits.④自由职业带来的不安全感：thelackofcertaintymakesworkinginthegigeconomyunstable.⑤自由职业是人们不能及时处理紧急事件：Theabsenceofasteadysourceofincomemakesitdifficultforpeopletocopewithemergency.⑥对自由职业的客观评价：However,therearetwosidestoeverystory.Thekeyhereistobethecaptainofone’sshipandmasterofone’sfate.2.缜密构思：将第3、4、5要点进行重组构成自由职业的不利之处。将要点6进行简化高度概括。3.遣词造句：Theindustryfailstoprovidesecureincomeandotherbenefits.Itsuncertaintyalsoleadstoinsecurity,makingithardforfreelancerstohandleemergencies.Therefore,oneshouldbeawareofitsprosandconsandtakecontrolofhislife.【点睛】【高分句型1】Freelancingreferstoajobwhichenablespeopletoworkinaflexibleway.（运用了which引导的定语从句）【高分句型2】Itsuncertaintyalsoleadstoinsecurity,makingithardforfreelancerstohandleemergencies.（运用了现在分词短语makingithard作结果状语）第五部分口语交际(10分)试题及评分标准由学校备课组根据学生的情况自定。听力1-5CBBAA6-10CABCB11-15CABCA16-20CCABA,