福建省福州市福州市八县一中2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末联考试题（Word版附解析）

2022-2023学年第二学期八县(市、区)一中期末联考高二英语试题完卷时间：120分钟满分：150分第一部分：听力(共两节;每小题1.5分，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatkindofcarwillthespeakersbuy?A.Theonewithfourdoors.B.Theonewithtwodoors.C.Theoneinred.2.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Toconfirmabooking.B.Tomakeabooking.C.Tochangeabooking.3.Whatwillthemanprobablydotoday?A.Askforsickleave.B.Seeadoctorafterwork.C.Invitehismanagertohishouse.4.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.OnSaturday.B.OnSunday.C.OnMonday.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Ateacher.B.Anexam.C.Chemistry.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.HowwillthespeakersgotothenewItalianplace?A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Bycar.7.WhatwillRobdotonight?,A.Eatout.B.Meetfriends.C.FlytoLondon.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Aweekendplan.B.Adeliciouspicnic.C.Thebeautifulscenery.9.Whatdidthewomanintendtodo?A.Walkalongthepark.B.Stayathome.C.Attendaconcert.10.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardclimbingintheend?A.Worried.B.Excited.C.Tired.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatcolortiedoesthewomanthinkmatchestheman’sjacket?A.Green.B.Black.C.Red.12.Whydoesn’tthewomanlikehighheels?A.Theyaren’tbeautiful.B.Theyareuncomfortabletowear.C.Theydon’tmatchthedress.13.Whatdoesthemanmeanintheend?A.Heknowsacafenearby.B.Hecan’tdecidewhattobuy.C.Hedoesn’twanttogoonshopping.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Howmanypeoplewerethereonthetrain?A.17.B.18.C.20.15.Whydidthebuslosecontrol?A.Ithadafault.B.Itcaughtfireinside.C.Theroadwaswet.16.Whatwastheresultofthecaraccident?A.Thecar’sfueltankexploded.B.Thecarcrashedintowater.C.Franebrokehisarm.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whendidthestudentsgettoschool?A.At4:30.B.At5:00.C.At5:30.,18.Howdidthespeakerfeelwhenthecoacharrived?A.Excited.B.Tired.C.Sad.19.Whatdidthespeakergetforhersister?A.Adress.B.Abag.C.AT-shirt.20.Whatdidthespeakerlikebestaboutthistrip?A.Theboattrip.B.Thecomfortablehotel.C.Theshoppingexperience.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AScienceEventsfromNewScientistSpace,TimeandMotionwithSeanCarrollOnline|October20,2023|18:00–19:00“Where,whenandhow?”aresomeofthemostfundamentalquestionswecanask,andknowledgeofspace,timeandmotionhasbeencentraltothebiggestdiscoveriesinphysics.JoinSeanCarroll,anexpertinphysics,asheexploresdeepquestionsaboutthenatureofspace,timeandmotion,andlaysouttheframeworkofclassicalphysicsfromGalileoandEuclidtoNewtonandEinstein.BigThinkersSeries2023Online|November10,2023The2023BigThinkersseriesfromNewScientisteventsfeatureseightonlinetalksstreamedthroughout2023,coveringawiderangeoftopicsallofwhichwillbebroughttoyoubyworld-classexperts.Ifyouarecuriousaboutyourbrain,yourbody,ourplanetortheuniverse,thenthisseriesisyourplacetohearthelatestresearch.Memory,theBrainandWhoWeAreOnline|November15,2023|18:00–19:00PsychiatristVeronicaO’Keanewilldrawexamplesofthebrokenmemoriesofpsychosis(精神失常)toexplainthecomplexhumanbrainandofferyousomeexpertise(专业知识).Howdoourbrainsstoreandthenconjureup(浮现)pastexperiencestomakeuswhoweare?Aretheresuchthingsas“true”and“false”memories?Theseexampleswillofferanewwayofthinkingaboutourownpersonalexperiences.InstantExpert:UnderstandingYourBrainTheBritishLibrary,London|November19,2023Atthisevent,sixexpertswillguideyouonatourofthemostattractiveobjectintheknownuniverse.Onthe,wayyou’lllearnhowourbrainslearnlanguages,howtheystorememoriesandwhytheyneedtosleep.HostedbyaNewScientistjournalist,ourone-daymasterclassoffersthechancetolearnallaboutthebraindirectlyfromtheexperts.1.Whicheventfocusesondiscoveriesinphysics?A.BigThinkersSeries2023.B.Memory,theBrainandWhoWeAre.C.InstantExpert:UnderstandingYourBrain.D.Space,TimeandMotionwithSeanCarroll.2.Whencanyouattendlecturesgivenbyfirst-rateexperts?A.OnOctober20,2023.B.OnNovember19,2023.C.OnNovember10,2023.D.OnNovember15,2023.3.Whatdothefoureventshaveincommon?A.Theyareheldonline.B.Theyofferexpertguidance.C.Theymainlyfocusonmemory.D.Theyeachlastforonehour.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个科学活动的情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Space,TimeandMotionwithSeanCarroll部分中““Where,whenandhow?”aresomeofthemostfundamentalquestionswecanask,andknowledgeofspace,timeandmotionhasbeencentraltothebiggestdiscoveriesinphysics.(“在哪里，什么时候，如何发现的？”是我们可以提出的一些最基本的问题，而关于空间、时间和运动的知识一直是物理学重大发现的核心)”可知，Space,TimeandMotionwithSeanCarroll活动的重点是物理学的发现。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据BigThinkersSeries2023部分中“The2023BigThinkersseriesfromNewScientisteventsfeatureseightonlinetalksstreamedthroughout2023,coveringawiderangeoftopicsallofwhichwillbebroughttoyoubyworld-classexperts.(《新科学家》活动的2023年大思想家系列活动包括8个在线讲座，贯穿2023年，涵盖了广泛的主题，所有这些都将由世界级专家为您带来)”可知，你在2023年11月10日能参加一流专家的讲座。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第一部分“JoinSeanCarroll,anexpertinphysics,asheexploresdeepquestionsaboutthenatureofspace,timeandmotion,andlaysouttheframeworkofclassicalphysicsfromGalileoandEuclidtoNewtonandEinstein.(加入物理学专家肖恩·卡罗尔，他探索了关于空间、时间和运动本质的深刻问题，并,展示了从伽利略和欧几里得到牛顿和爱因斯坦的经典物理学框架)”；第二部分“The2023BigThinkersseriesfromNewScientisteventsfeatureseightonlinetalksstreamedthroughout2023,coveringawiderangeoftopicsallofwhichwillbebroughttoyoubyworld-classexperts.(《新科学家》活动的2023年大思想家系列活动包括8个在线讲座，贯穿2023年，涵盖了广泛的主题，所有这些都将由世界级专家为您带来)”；第三部分“PsychiatristVeronicaO’Keanewilldrawexamplesofthebrokenmemoriesofpsychosis(精神失常)toexplainthecomplexhumanbrainandofferyousomeexpertise(专业知识).(精神病学家维罗妮卡·奥基恩将以精神病患者的破碎记忆为例来解释复杂的人脑，并为你提供一些专业知识)”以及最后一部分“HostedbyaNewScientistjournalist,ourone-daymasterclassoffersthechancetolearnallaboutthebraindirectlyfromtheexperts.(由《新科学家》记者主持，我们为期一天的大师班提供了直接从专家那里了解大脑的机会)”可知，这四个活动的共同之处是都提供专家指导。故选B。BTiredofworkinginITandstayingthesameinAustralia,PauloCattancodecidedtomakeachange.In2015hestartedastrictbudgetsohecouldsaveupenoughmoneytobuyhisdreamKTM1190motorbike,acamera,andenoughfundstosupporthimselfforafewyears.Thenhegaveuphisjob,packedhisthings,andsetoffonanadventure,travellingtheworldonhismotorbike.Paulo,39,hasspentthelastfouryearsbikingthroughAustralia.SouthAmerica,NorthAmerica,andEurope,ridingupto12hoursadayandspendinghisnightsinhistentunderthestars.“AustraliaformewasmyfirstexperienceridinglongdistanceandIwasmind-blownbythebeautyoftheoldcontinent.”Paulowroteonhistraveljournal,“TravelingthroughLatinAmerica,IexploredtherainforestandlearnedSpanishandPortuguese.MexicohassomeofthebestfoodIeverhadandPeruisaninterestingplacewhereIcanenjoytheuniquelocalIndianculture,alsocalledIncacivilization.”Paulohasmanagedtokeephistravelsgoingbykeepinghisbudgettight,sohehasn’thadtogetajobforhistravels.Tokeepcostslow,heseldomlookedforaccommodationinhotelsandwentcampinginstead.Thankfully,themotorbike,whichPauloboughtsecondhandinAustralia,hasnotrequiredanymajorrepairssincehesetoff.Thejourneyisn’talwayseasy,butPaulohasneverlookedback.Sadly,theCovid-19pandemicputastoptohistravelsinGreecewhenhetraveledaroundEurope,andPaulohashadtospendthelastfewmonthsinItaly,hishomeland.Oncetheworldisbackupandrunning,heplanstoreturntolifeontheroadandexploreAsiaandAfrica.4.WhatdidPaulobegintodoin2015?A.Heswitchedhisoccupation.B.Hestartedatraveladventure.C.Hecarriedoutasavingplan.D.Hepurchasedtravelequipment.,5.WhatdoweknowaboutPaulo’sjourney?A.HeenjoyedthebestfoodinPeru.B.Themotorbikeoftentroubledhim.C.Hegotajobtosupporthistravel.D.TheviewinAustraliaappealedtohim.6.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribePaulo?A.Determinedandadventurous.B.Intelligentandeconomical.C.Ambitiousandidealistic.D.Humbleandknowledgeable.7.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Afitnessmagazine.B.Atraveljournal.C.Alifestylewebsite.D.Asportscolumn.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了PauloCattanco放弃工作，骑着摩托车环游世界的经历，虽然他的冒险旅程因为新冠疫情而不得不中断，但是他从未放弃他的冒险梦。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“In2015hestartedastrictbudgetsohecouldsaveupenoughmoneytobuyhisdreamKTM1190motorbike,acamera,andenoughfundstosupporthimselfforafewyears.(2015年，他开始了一个严格的预算，这样他就可以存够钱买他梦想中的KTM1190摩托车，一个相机，和足够的资金来养活自己几年。)”可知，Paulo在2015年开始实施了省钱计划。故选C。5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“AustraliaformewasmyfirstexperienceridinglongdistanceandIwasmind-blownbythebeautyoftheoldcontinent.(澳大利亚对我来说是我第一次长途骑行的经历，我被这片古老大陆的美景所震撼。)”可知，澳大利亚的景色吸引了Paulo。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Thenhegaveuphisjob,packedhisthings,andsetoffonanadventure,travellingtheworldonhismotorbike.(然后他放弃了工作，收拾好行李，开始了一段冒险之旅，骑着他的摩托车环游世界。)”可知，Paulo喜欢冒险，和第四段中“Paulohasmanagedtokeephistravelsgoingbykeepinghisbudgettight,sohehasn’thadtogetajobforhistravels.Tokeepcostslow,heseldomlookedforaccommodationinhotelsandwentcampinginstead.(保罗通过保持紧缩的预算来维持他的旅行，这样他就不用为他的旅行找工作了。为了保持低成本，他很少在旅馆住宿，而是去露营。)”可知，虽然预算紧张，但是Paulo没有放弃自己的旅行梦想，所以说他很有决心，故选A。【7题详解】,推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了PauloCattanco放弃工作，骑着摩托车环游世界的经历，虽然他的冒险旅程因为新冠疫情而不得不中断，但是他从未放弃他的冒险梦。由此可知，文章讲的是PauloCattanco所追求的一种生活方式，所以文章可能选自一个有关生活方式的网站，故选C。CStudentteamTU/ecomotiveattheEindhovenUniversityofTechnologyhasdevelopedasustainableelectricpassengercarthatcapturesmorecarbondioxide(CO₂)thanitemitswhiledriving.CalledZEM,forzeroemissionmobility,thetwo-seaterpurifiestheairthroughaspecialfilter(过滤器).BystoringthecapturedCO₂andthendealingwithit,ZEMcancontributetoreducingglobalwarming.Thestudentswillcontinuetoimprovethevehiclewiththegoalofmakingitcarbon-neutral(碳中和)foritsentirelifecycle.Thecarcancapture2kilogramsofCO₂throughaspecialfilterat20,000travelmilesperyear.ThismeansthattencarscanstoreasmuchCO₂asanaveragetree.Thatmaynotseemlikemuch,buttheoverallpayoffissignificantifyouweretoutilizeitineverypassengercar.Afterall,therearemorethanabillionpassengercarsdrivingaroundtheworld,whichcouldcapturenetCO₂insteadofemittingit.AlifecycleanalysiswithSimaProsoftwarecanbeusedtodeterminetheextenttowhichthelifecycleofthevehicle—fromconstructiontouseandafterlife—iscarbon-neutral.Severalinnovationscontributetothisgoal.Considerthe3Dprintingtechniquesusedbythestudents.Thebodypanelsaremadethrough3Dprinting,resultinginalmostnoremainingwaste.Inaddition,thestudentteamprintsplasticsthatcanberecycledforotherprojects.Theelectricandsustainablefour-wheeldrivehasasportylook.Withthegoodreason,saythestudents,becauseasportingchallengeawaitstheautomotiveindustry.Afterallroadtransportmustbecomemuchmoresustainable.NikkiOkkels,externalrelationsmanageratTU/ecomotive,says:“Wecallontheindustrytopickupthechallenge,andofcoursewearehappytothinkalongwiththem.Wehaven’tfinisheddevelopingyet,butwebelieveitwilleventuallyhittheroad.Wewarmlyinvitecarmakerstocomeandtakealook.”8.HowcanZEMreduceglobalwarming?A.Itproducesnocarbonemissionsduringconstruction.B.ItcantransformcapturedCO₂intogreenenergy.C.Itcanlastlongduetoitsimprovedlifecycle.D.ItcleanstheairbyabsorbingCO₂.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“utilize”inparagraph2mean?A.Show.B.Drive.C.Apply.D.Catch.10.Whatcontributestothevehicle’scarbonneutralityaccordingtoparagraph3?,A.3Dprintingtechniques.B.SimaProsoftware.C.Reusablewastematerials.D.Advancedafterliferecycling.11.WhatdoesNikkiOkkelsexpectofthefour-wheeler?A.Itwillreachthemarket.B.Itwillspeedupdriving.C.Itwillhaveasportylook.D.Itwillbemadeofplastic.【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了埃因霍温理工大学的学生团队TU/ecommotive开发的可持续电动乘用车。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“BystoringthecapturedCO₂andthendealingwithit,ZEMcancontributetoreducingglobalwarming.(通过储存捕获的二氧化碳然后进行处理，ZEM可以为减缓全球变暖做出贡献。)”可知，ZEM通过吸收二氧化碳来净化空气，进而减缓全球变暖。故选D项。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词所在部分“ThismeansthattencarscanstoreasmuchCO₂asanaveragetree.Thatmaynotseemlikemuch,buttheoverallpayoffissignificantifyouweretoutilizeitineverypassengercar.(这意味着10辆汽车可以储存的二氧化碳相当于一棵普通的树。这可能看起来不多，但如果你在每辆乘用车上utilize它，总体回报是显著的。)”中“Thatmaynotseemlikemuch”和“buttheoverallpayoffissignificant”可知，句中对两种情况进行了对比，结合划线词后ineverypassengercar可知，句中把“用到10辆汽车”和“用到每辆乘用车上”的情况进行了对比，由此推知，划线词与Apply同义，意为“应用”。故选C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“AlifecycleanalysiswithSimaProsoftwarecanbeusedtodeterminetheextenttowhichthelifecycleofthevehicle—fromconstructiontouseandafterlife—iscarbon-neutral.Severalinnovationscontributetothisgoal.Considerthe3Dprintingtechniquesusedbythestudents.Thebodypanelsaremadethrough3Dprinting,resultinginalmostnoremainingwaste.Inaddition,thestudentteamprintsplasticsthatcanberecycledforotherprojects.(使用SimaPro软件进行生命周期分析，可以确定车辆的生命周期(从建造到使用和使用后)达到碳中和的程度。一些创新有助于实现这一目标。考虑学生使用的3D打印技术。车身面板是通过3D打印制造的，几乎没有剩余的废物。此外，学生团队打印的塑料可以回收用于其他项目。)”可知，3D打印技术有助于实现车辆的碳中和。故选A项。,【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Wehaven’tfinisheddevelopingyet,butwebelieveitwilleventuallyhittheroad.(我们还没有完成开发，但我们相信它最终会上路行驶。)”可推知，NikkiOkkels认为ZEM终将上路行驶，进入市场。故选A项。DThe31,000-year-oldskeleton(骨骼)ofayoungadultfoundinIndonesiarevealstheoldestknownevidenceofanamputation(截肢),accordingtoanewstudy.“WewereexploringacaveinBorneo,inarainforestregion,forsomeoftheearliestrockartintheworld,whenwecameacrosstheburialsiteandtheskeleton,whichthenexcitedourcuriosity,”saidTimMaloney,thestudy’sleadresearcher.Thoughmuchoftheskeletonwascomplete,itmisseditsleftfootandthelowerpartofitsleftleg,heexplained.Afterexaminingtheremains,theresearchersconcludedthefootbonesweren’tlostinthesiteorinanaccident—theywerecarefullyremoved.Theremaininglegboneshowedacleancut.Researchersbelievedthefindpresentsaremarkabledeed.It’strickyanddemandingtopreventinfectioninamputations,eventothisday.Yetmorethan30,000yearsagosomeonewasabletohandleit.Researchersdidn’tknowwhattoolwasusedtocutthebodyparts,buttheyassumedasharpstonetoolmayhavemadethecut.Whatseemscertainisthatthepatientenjoyedgreatpost-operativecareforconsiderabletime,forthepersonappearedtohavelivedforaroundsixtoninemoreyearsafterbeingdisabled.Theoperation’sgoodendresultisnotpurechance.Itimpliesthatthepersonwhoperformedtheoperationhadsomeunderstandingofantimicrobial(抗菌的)medicine.Inthisrespect,theirlifestyleandforestenvironmentmighthaveprovedtobeadvantages.“Giventhesepeoplelivedinanareawithmanymedicinalplants,thereisastrongcasetoguessthatadaptingtothisenvironmentmayhaveboostedthedevelopmentofadvancedmedicalknowledge,”Maloneysaid.Thesurgeryrewritesthehistoryofhumanmedicaldevelopments.Beforethisfind,theearliestexampleofamputationhadbeeninaFrenchfarmerfromalmost7,000yearsago.Researchershadbelievedadvancedmedicalpracticedevelopedaround10,000yearsago,ashumanssettleddownintoagriculturalsocieties.Butthisstudyaddstoevidencethathumansstartedcaringforeachother’shealthlongbeforethat.12.WhatdidMaloneysayabouttheskeleton?A.Itispreservedpoorly.B.Itisfoundbyaccident.C.Itneedsfurtherstudy.D.Itshowsancientwisdom.13.Whichpartoftheamputationisdifficultaccordingtotheresearchers?A.Seekingpropertools.B.Keepingthecutclean.,C.Avoidingtheinfection.D.Providingpost-operativecare.14.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Reasonsforthesurgery’ssuccess.B.GeographicalfeaturesofBorneo.C.Knowledgeofplants’medicinaluse.D.Benefitsoftheforestenvironment.15.Whatdoesthediscoveryoftheskeletonshow?A.Borneoisthesourceofsurgicalamputation.B.Amputationiscommonforprehistoricpeople.C.Ancientagriculturepromotedmedicaldevelopment.D.Humansmadeadvancedmedicalpracticeearlierthanthought.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是根据一项新的研究，在印度尼西亚发现的一具3.1万年前的年轻人骨骼揭示了已知最古老的截肢证据。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“WewereexploringacaveinBorneo,inarainforestregion,forsomeoftheearliestrockartintheworld,whenwecameacrosstheburialsiteandtheskeleton,whichthenexcitedourcuriosity.(我们在婆罗洲的一个洞穴里探险，在一个热带雨林地区，寻找世界上最早的岩石艺术，当我们偶然遇到埋葬地点和骨架时，这激发了我们的好奇心。)”可知，TimMaloney是在婆罗洲的一个洞穴里探险，在一个热带雨林地区，寻找世界上最早的岩石艺术的时候，偶然间发现了骨骼即这是偶然发现的。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Researchersbelievedthefindpresentsaremarkabledeed.It’strickyanddemandingtopreventinfectioninamputations,eventothisday.(研究人员认为，这一发现是一件了不起的事。即使在今天，防止截肢感染仍然是一项棘手而艰巨的工作。)”可知，防止截肢感染仍然是一项棘手而艰巨的工作。故选C。14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Theoperation’sgoodendresultisnotpurechance.Itimpliesthatthepersonwhoperformedtheoperationhadsomeunderstandingofantimicrobial(抗菌的)medicine.(这次手术的好结果并非纯属偶然。说明操作人员对抗菌药物有一定的了解。)”可知，本段主要介绍了该手术成功的原因即操作人员对抗菌药物有一定的了解。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Beforethisfind,theearliestexampleofamputationhadbeeninaFrenchfarmer,fromalmost7,000yearsago.Researchershadbelievedadvancedmedicalpracticedevelopedaround10,000yearsago,ashumanssettleddownintoagriculturalsocieties.Butthisstudyaddstoevidencethathumansstartedcaringforeachother’shealthlongbeforethat.(在这一发现之前，最早的截肢病例出现在大约7000年前的一位法国农民身上。研究人员认为，先进的医疗实践在大约1万年前发展起来，当时人类已经进入了农业社会。但这项研究进一步证明，人类早在那之前就开始关心彼此的健康了。)”可知，该研究表明人类创造先进医疗实践的时间比想象的要早。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Accordingtoacommonsaying,“Honestyisthebestpolicy.”___16___Lyingoftenseemslikeagoodwaytoimpresspeopleoravoidblameformistakes.Somepeoplelieoutofhabit,withoutevenrealizingthey’redoingit.Butdespiteallthis,honestyreallyisworththeeffort.Oneobviousreasonforhonestyisthatliesaredifficulttomaintain.There’salwaysachancethatthepersonyouliedtowillfindoutthetruth.___17___Liesarealsodifficulttohidebecausetheyarehardertorememberthanthetruth.Ifyoumakeupastory,youhavetorememberallthedetails.___18___Butifyoucommittotellingthetruth,youwillneverhavetroubleremembering.Thissavesyoueffortandmakesconversationslessstressfulforyou.Anotherobviousreasontoavoidlyingisthatlyingcanharmothers.Peoplewhobelieveyourliesmightmakebaddecisionsbecauseofthem.Andalieaboutsomeoneelsecoulddestroythatperson’sreputation.Onapersonallevel,ifyourfriendsfindoutyouliedtothem,theirfeelingwillbehurt.Theywillquestionwhethertheycantrustyouorwonderwhetheryoucareaboutthem.Incontrast,ifyoualwaystellthetruth,youwilldevelopareputationforhonesty.___19___Businessdeals,friendships,familyandromanticrelationshipsalldependontrust___20___Sometimesit’sbesttoremainsilentifyourwordsmighthurtsomeoneelse.Honestymeansthatwhenyouspeak,youtellthetruthwithoutholdinganyinformationback.Whenyoudothat,youwillfeelmorerelaxedandenjoystrongerrelationships.A.Thiswillhelpyouineveryareaofyourlife.B.Butindailylife,honestycanbedifficult.C.Isthegainfromlyingreallyworththerisk?D.Wewillgetothers’respectandappreciationiftellingthetruth0E.Beinghonestisabasicprincipleforustodealwithothers.F.Honesty,however,doesn’tmeanyouhavetosayeverythinginyourmind.,G.Andthemoreliesyoutell,themorestoriesyouhavetoremember.【答案】16.B17.C18.G19.A20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章讲述了人们不要撒谎的原因，以及诚实的重要性。【16题详解】根据后文“Lyingoftenseemslikeagoodwaytoimpresspeopleoravoidblameformistakes.(撒谎似乎是给人们留下深刻印象或避免错误指责的好方法。)”可知撒谎似乎是给人留下深刻印象或避免犯错的好方法。由此可知，日常生活中要保持诚实是难的事情。B选项“Butindailylife,honestycanbedifficult.(但在日常生活中，诚实可能很困难。)”引起下文，强调在现实生活中，诚实不是很容易能够做到的，与下文的付出努力呼应。故选B。【17题详解】根据前文“Oneobviousreasonforhonestyisthatliesaredifficulttomaintain.There’salwaysachancethatthepersonyouliedtowillfindoutthetruth.(诚实的一个明显原因是谎言很难维持。你撒谎的人总是有可能发现真相。)”可知，此处强调的是撒谎始终会被人发现，因此撒谎是有风险性的。C选项“Isthegainfromlyingreallyworththerisk?(撒谎获得的好处真的值得冒险吗？)”承接上文，强调这种益处值得冒险么？故选C。【18题详解】根据前文“Liesarealsodifficulttohidebecausetheyarehardertorememberthanthetruth.Ifyoumakeupastory,youhavetorememberallthedetails.(谎言也很难隐藏，因为它们比真相更难记住。如果你编造一个故事，你必须记住所有的细节。)”可知，此处强调谎言很难隐藏，编造一个故事，必须记住所有的细节，即撒谎越多就需要记住更多的细节。G选项“Andthemoreliesyoutell,themorestoriesyouhavetoremember.(你说的谎言越多，你必须记住的故事就越多。)”承接上文，此处story与前文呼应。故选G。【19题详解】根据前文“Incontrast,ifyoualwaystellthetruth,youwilldevelopareputationforhonesty.(相比之下，如果你总是说实话，你就会建立诚实的声誉。)”可知，此处强调说实话的好处。A选项“Thiswillhelpyouineveryareaofyourlife.(这将在你生活的每个领域帮助你。)”中的this指代的是前文的“说实话”，符合文意。故选A。20题详解】根据后文“Sometimesit’sbesttoremainsilentifyourwordsmighthurtsomeoneelse.(有时，如果你的话可能会伤害别人，最好保持沉默。)”可知，此处强调有的时候要保持沉默，即不说出自己想说的一切，因为这有可能对别人造成伤害。F选项“Honesty,however,doesn’tmeanyouhavetosayeverythinginyourmind.(然,而，诚实并不意味着你必须说出你脑海中的一切。)”引起下文，即诚实并意味着要说出你想的一切，有的时候要保持沉默，避免带来消极后果。故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。WhenIwasinfourthgrade,Istartedstuttering(口吃).Itriedspeechtherapy(疗法)butitdidn’t____21____.Ibeggedtoridmystutter,butnothingchanged.Iwasvery____22____.Itriedtopracticesingingathome.Tomyamazementthewordscame____23____whenIsang.Mystutterdisappeared.Afterthat,I____24____myschoolteamandbeganlearninghowtoplaytheguitar.BythesummerIwas16,severeanxietyanddepressionsetin.Mystutterhadbecomemyentireidentity,andIwastoo____25____totalkatall.Ididn’ttellanyonehowIwas____26____.Lastyear,Istartedcollege,whereI’mmajoringinmusicproduction.WhenIsawtheAmerica’sGotTalentauditionannouncementpopuponmycomputer,I____27____.Acouplemonthslater,IwasstandingonthatenormousstageinPasadena,tryingto____28____mynervesasIintroducedmyselftotheAmerica’sGotTalentjudgesand____29____.ThenIlaunchedintoanewsongI’dwritten,______30______BacktoLife.Itriedtofocusonthe______31______.AndjustasI’dsaid,therewasnostutteratall.WhenIfinished,thewholecrowdwasonitsfeet,andsowerethejudges.Icouldn’t______32______it!JudgeSimonCowelltoldmeIhadapureandbeautiful______33______.HeandtheotherjudgesgavemethefourvotesIneededto______34______tothenextroundofthecompetition.Icouldn’tholdbackmytears.Mywildestdreamswerecomingtrue,dreamsI’dneverthought______35______.21.A.failB.workC.missD.grow22.A.confusedB.delightedC.amusedD.frightened23.A.suddenlyB.slightlyC.seriouslyD.smoothly24.A.fundedB.praisedC.joinedD.visited25.A.fascinatedB.alarmedC.cautiousD.dynamic26.A.feelingB.resolvingC.chargingD.performing27.A.stoodbyB.fledawayC.signedupD.showedoff28.A.testB.directC.predictD.calm29.A.coachesB.passers-byC.journalistsD.audience30.A.fueledB.titledC.refreshedD.sustained,31.A.musicB.viewC.rewardD.appearance32.A.makeB.ignoreC.BelieveD.prevent33.A.voiceB.figureC.imageD.instrument34.A.adaptB.advanceC.argueD.reject35.A.significantB.typicalC.possibleD.creative【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.B26.A27.C28.D29.D30.B31.A32.C33.A34.B35.C【解析】【导语】本文属于记叙文。“我”因为口吃曾经很自卑，但是通过唱歌找回了自我，参加《美国达人秀》最终圆梦。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试过语言治疗，但不起作用。A.fail失败；B.work起作用；C.miss错过；D.grow长大。根据前文“Itriedspeechtherapybut…”判断，它没有起作用(work)。故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很困惑。A.confused困惑的；B.delighted高兴的；C.amused愉快的；D.frightened害怕的。根据前文“Ibeggedtoridmystutter,butnothingchanged.”判断，“我”很困惑(confused)。故选A。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：让我吃惊的是，当我唱歌时,语言很流畅。A.suddenly突然；B.slightly稍微；C.seriously严肃地；D.smoothly顺利地。根据前文“Itriedspeechtherapy(疗法)butitdidn’t____1____.”可知，之前尝试了很多方法，但是没有奏效，“我”在家努力练习唱歌，竟然唱得很流畅(smoothly)，所以“我”非常惊讶。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，我加入了学校的团队，开始学习如何弹吉他。A.funded资助；B.praised表扬；C.joined参加；D.visited参观。根据上文“Mystutterdisappeared.”判断，“我”在家练习唱歌时唱得很流畅，不再口吃，因此后来加入了(joined)学校的声乐队。故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的口吃成了我的全部身份，我非常担心说话。A.fascinated着迷的；B.alarmed担心的；惊慌的；C.cautious谨慎的；D.dynamic精力充沛的。根据上文“Mystutterhadbecomemyentireidentity…”判断，“我”因为口吃，非常担心(alarmed)说话。故选B。【26题详解】,考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有告诉任何人我的感受。A.feeling感觉；B.resolving决定；C.charging要价；控诉；D.performing表现。根据前文“Mystutterhadbecomemyentireidentity,andIwastoo________totalkatall.”判断，“我”因为口吃不敢说话，没有告诉任何人“我”的感受(feeling)。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我看到电脑上弹出的《美国达人秀》海选公告时，我报名了。A.stoodby袖手旁观；B.fledaway逃离；C.signedup报名；D.showedoff炫耀。根据下文“Acouplemonthslater,IwasstandingonthatenormousstageinPasadena,”判断，当“我”在电脑上看到《美国达人秀》试镜公告时，“我”报名参加了(signedup)。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，我站在帕萨迪纳巨大的舞台上，向《美国达人秀》的评委和观众介绍自己时，努力让自己的紧张情绪平静下来。A.test考验；B.direct指导；C.predict预测；D.calm使镇静。根据前文内容可知，“我”容易结巴，结合常理，站在一个巨大的舞台上，“我”会感到十分紧张，所以在做自我介绍时要使自己平静下来(calm)。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.coaches教练；B.passers-by过路人；C.journalists记者；D.audience观众。根据前文“IwasstandingonthatenormousstageinPasadena”可知，“我”站在一个巨大的舞台上，面对的是评委与观众(audience)。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我开始唱一首我写的新歌，名称为《回到生活》。A.fueled激起；给……加燃料；B.titled加标题于……；称为；C.refreshed使恢复；D.sustained维持。根据前文“ThenIlaunchedintoanewsongI’dwritten”与BacktoLife判断，歌曲的名字叫(titled)《回归生活》。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我试着专注于音乐。就像我说的，根本没有口吃。A.music音乐；B.view看法；C.reward报酬；D.appearance外表。根据前文“IlaunchedintoanewsongI’dwritten,________BacktoLife.”判断，“我”尽力专注于音乐(music)。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我简直不敢相信。A.make制作；B.ignore忽视；C.Believe相信；D.prevent阻止。根据上文“WhenIfinished,thewholecrowdwasonitsfeet,andsowerethejudges.”判断，“我”的演唱非常成功，因此“我”简直不敢相信(believe)!故选C。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：西蒙·考威尔法官告诉我，我有一副纯净而美丽的嗓音。A.voice声音；B.,figure数字；C.image形象；D.instrument器械。根据前文“JudgeSimonCowelltoldme”判断，“我”的演唱受到了人们的赞誉，西蒙·科威尔评委告诉“我”，“我”有一个纯净而美丽的声音(voice)。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他和其他评委给了我晋级下一轮比赛所需的四票。A.adapt改编；B.advance发展；晋升；C.argue争论；D.reject拒绝考虑。根据前文“gavemethefourvotes”与“thenextroundofthecompetition”判断，投给了“我”晋级(advance)下一轮比赛所需的四张票。故选B。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我最疯狂的梦想正在实现，我从未想过的梦想。A.significant重要的；B.typical典型的；C.possible可能的；D.creative有创造性的。根据前文“Mywildestdreamswerecomingtrue…”判断，这是“我”从未想过有可能(possible)成真的梦想。故选C。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Asayoungmanfullofbothpassionandendurance,PerceBlackborowhadlongbeendreamingofdecentadventure,sohedidn’tgiveupwhenSirErnestShackletonturneddownhisrequesttojointheexpedition.Perce____36____(secret)hidhimselfinacupboard,only____37____(find)threedaysaftertheysetoff.Hefeltfortunateandhappywhenhewasassignedasastewardinsteadofbeingsentbackhome.Thejourneywas____38____(hard)thanexpected.Theshipgot____39____(stick)intheiceastheyapproachedAntarcticaandtheyhadtoabandontheship.____40____theguidanceofSirErnest,they____41____(throw)awaynearlyeverythingexceptnecessitiesandabanjo,____42____kepttheirspiritsupduringthejourney.Theycampedontheicebutwithspring____43____(come),theicebegantomelt.ErnestleftforSouthGeorgiaIslandinordertofindhelp.Itwasthegenuine____44____(encourage)andconcernfromBlessFrankWildthatcheeredBerceup.Realizingthatheshouldn’tbecomeselfishjustbecauseof_____45_____adversitytheywerefacedwith,Bercelearnedtobeoptimisticanddetermined.【答案】36.secretly37.tobefound38.harder39.stuck40.Under41.threw42.which43.coming44.encouragement45.the【解析】,【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公PerceBlackhorow经历的一次冒险之旅。【36题详解】考查副词。句意：Perce秘密地藏在一个柜子里，结果在他们出发三天后被发现。分析句子可知，空处修饰动词hid，应用副词secretly“秘密地”。故填secretly。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Perce秘密地藏在一个柜子里，结果在他们出发三天后被发现。“only+动词不定式”常表示意料之外的结果，此处应用动词不定式，作结果状语，动词find与逻辑主语Perce之间为动宾关系，应用不定式的被动式“tobedone”。故填tobefound。【38题详解】考查比较级。句意：这段旅程比预期的要艰难。根据后文than可知应用形容词hard的比较级形式。故填harder。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当他们接近南极洲时，船陷在了冰里，他们不得不弃船。stick和逻辑主语Theship之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词，表示被动，getstuck“被卡住，被困住”。故填stuck。【40题详解】考查介词。句意：在Ernest先生的指导下，他们几乎扔掉了所有的东西，除了必需品和一把班卓琴，它使他们在旅途中精神振奋。根据句意可知，此处指“在……的指导下”，应用固定短语undertheguidanceof，句首单词首字母大写。故填Under。【41题详解】考查动词时态。句意：在Ernest先生的指导下，他们几乎扔掉了所有的东西，除了必需品和一把班卓琴，它使他们在旅途中精神振奋。根据句意和从句谓语动词“kept”可知，句中讲述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填threw。【42题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在Ernest先生的指导下，他们几乎扔掉了所有的东西，除了必需品和一把班卓琴，它使他们在旅途中精神振奋。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为banjo，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们在冰上扎营，但随着春天的到来，冰开始融化。此处为with的复合结构，且spring与come构成主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填coming。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：正是来自BlessFrankWild,的真诚鼓励和关心使他振作起来。分析句子可知，句子为强调句，强调主语，空处应填名词和concern并列，在句中作主语，ecouragement“鼓励”，为不可数名词。故填encouragement。【45题详解】考查定冠词。句意：意识到他不应该因为他们所面临的逆境而变得自私，他学会了乐观和坚定。分析句子可知，theywerefacedwith为定语从句，修饰名词adversity，此处特指“他们所面临的逆境”，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，校英语学习俱乐部负责人。你们邀请到了Smith教授在线作主题为“HowtoWriteandEnjoyPoems”专题讲座。请你在讲座前作简要发言，内容包括：1.表示感谢；2.相关介绍；3.对听众的要求。注意：1.词数80左右；2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dearfellowstudents,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________That’sall,thankyou.【答案】Dearfellowstudents,Wefeelhonored,andwishtoexpressourheartfeltappreciationtoProfessorSmithforhisgraciouslyagreeingtogiveusthisonlinelectureon“HowtoWriteandEnjoyPoems”.Solet’sshowourwarmwelcome!Prof.Smithisawell-knownpoet,andhewillillustratetheconnotationsofpoemsinstructure,imagery,andrhymebysharinghisownpoems.Thus,itisagreatopportunitytoimproveourwritingproceduresandskillsandIamsureitwillbeofsignificantbenefittousall.Ihopeallinattendancewillparticipatepositivelyandfollowhisinstructionsasrequested.Youmayalsotake,notesifnecessary.Therewillbeafive-minutequestion-and-answersessionfollowingthelecture,whichwillallowyouanopportunitytoaskquestionsandactivelyparticipateinthediscussion.That’sall,thankyou.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生在Smith教授的主题为“HowtoWriteandEnjoyPoems”的专题讲座前作简要发言，内容包括：1.表示感谢；2.相关介绍；3.对听众的要求。【详解】1.词汇积累表达：express→convey因此：thus→hence机会：opportunity→chance确定的：sure→certain2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Wefeelhonored,andwishtoexpressourheartfeltappreciationtoProfessorSmithforhisgraciouslyagreeingtogiveusthisonlinelectureon“HowtoWriteandEnjoyPoems”.拓展句：WefeelhonoredandwishtoexpressourheartfeltappreciationtoProfessorSmithforhisgraciouslyagreeingtogiveusthisonlinelecturewhosethemeis“HowtoWriteandEnjoyPoems”.【点睛】[高分句型1]Ihopeallinattendancewillparticipatepositivelyandfollowhisinstructionsasrequested.(运用了that引导的宾语从句，省略了that)[高分句型2]Therewillbeafive-minutequestion-and-answersessionfollowingthelecture,whichwillallowyouanopportunitytoaskquestionsandactivelyparticipateinthediscussion.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Theyoungboysawme,orrather,hesawthecarandquicklyranuptome,eagertosellhisbunchesofbananasandbagsofpeanuts.Thoughheappearedtobeabouttwelve,heseemedtohavealreadyknownthebitternessoflife.“Banana300naira.Peanuts200naira.”Hesaidinalowvoice.Ibargained(与……讨价还价)himdownto200totalforthefruitandnuts.Whenheagreed,Ihandedhima500nairabill.Hedidn'thavechange.SoItoldhimnottoworry.Hesaidthanksandsmiledarowofperfectteeth.When,twoweekslater,Isawtheboyagain,Iwasmoreawareofmypositioninasocietywhereit'snotthat,uncommontoseealittleboywhoshouldbeinschoolstandingonthecornersellingfruitintheburningsun.Myparentshadraisedmetobeawareoftheadvantagewehadbeenaffordedandtheresponsibilityitbroughttous.Ipulledoverandrolleddownmywindow.Hehadabunchofbananasandabagofpeanutsready.Iwavedthemaway.“What'sup?”Iaskedhim.“I...Idon'thavemoneytobuybooksforschool.”1reachedintomypocketandhandedhimtwofresh500nairabills.“Willthishelp?”Iasked.Helookedaroundnervouslybeforetakingthemoney.Onethousandnairawasalotofmoneytosomeonewhosefamilyprobablymadeabout5,000nairaorlesseachyear.“Thankyou,sir.”hesaid.“Thankyouverymuch!”Whendrivinghome,Iwonderedifmylittlefriendactuallyusedthemoneyforschoolbooks.Whatifhe'sacheat?AndthenIwonderedwhyIdidit.DidIdoittomakemyselffeelbetter?WasIusinghim?Later,IrealizedthatIdidn'tknowhisnameortheleastbitabouthim,nordidIthinktoask.注意:1.续写词数应为150左右:2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。OneafternooninSeptember,Iwenttoapoorcommunity.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Joeledmeintohishome.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:OneafternooninSeptember,Iwenttoapoorcommunity.WhenIwaswalkingalongthenarrowroad,asimilarfigureappearedinmysight.Thatwasmylittlefriend!AsIapproached,healsorecognizedme.Wearingabroadsmile,hegreetedme,“Goodafternoon,sir!”Ididn'texpecttoseeyouhere!”Iexclaimed.Thenithitmethat,Ididn'tknowhisname,soIcontinued,”MayIhaveyouname?”“Joe.”Hereplied.HeinvitedmetohishomeandIagreed.Joeledmeintohishome.Itwasalmostempty.Soonasmallshelffilledwithlookscaughtmyattention.”Thankstoyourmoney,nowIcanreadbooksanytime,anywhere!”Hearinghiswords,Iwasdeeplytouched.Thatafternoon,Iaskedeverythingabouthim:family,study,futureplans…Ifeltmoreconnectedwithhimandbecamemoreawareofmyresponsibilitytohelpthepoor.Onleaving,Ileftanothertwo500nairabills.ThistimeIknewIwasdefinitelynotusinghimtomakemyselffeelbetter.”【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者开车时遇到一个卖水果的小男孩，得知他没有钱买书，作者给这个小孩一些钱，但走后又担心自己被骗，连小男孩的名字都不知道，后来作者去了一个贫困社区，在那里再次遇到这个小男孩，小男孩并且领作者回家，作者了解到他的境遇并且知道自己的钱真的帮助小男孩读书了，很感动，再一次资助了小男孩的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“九月的一个下午，我去了一个贫困社区。”可知，第一段可描写作者再一次见到小男孩的经过。②由第二段首句内容“乔把我领到他家。”可知，第二段可描写作者得知自己的钱真的帮助了小男孩，并且被小男孩感动。2.续写线索：再次见到——认出——问了名字——去小男孩家——感谢——感动——再次资助3.词汇激活行为类①认出，承认：recognize/acknowledge②问候：greet/sayhellotosb.③吸引某人注意：catchone'seye/catchone'sattention情绪类①感动的：touched/moved②当然：definitely/ofcourse/certainly/withoutdoubt【点睛】[高分句型1].AsIapproached,healsorecognizedme.（as引导的时间状语从句）[高分句型2].ThenithitmethatIdidn'tknowhisname,soIcontinued,“MayIhaveyouname?”（由连接词that引导的主语从句，it为形式主语）[高分句型3].Hearinghiswords,Iwasdeeplytouched.（现在分词作状语）