浙江省温州市环大罗山联盟2022-2023学年高一英语上学期11月期中试题（Word版附解析）

2022学年第一学期温州环大罗山联盟期中联考高一英语试题考生须知：1.本卷共8页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字。3.所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，只需上交答题纸。第Ⅰ卷(选择题，共95分)第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewoman’smotherlooklike?A.Shewearsglasses.B.Shehasdarkeyes.C.Shehaswhitehair.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Ihaven’tseenyourmotherforyears.Isthather,look,withdarkhairandglasses?AndIremembershehasblueeyes.W:That’snother.Herhair’swhitenow,andshedoesn’twearglassesanymore.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whereistheman?A.Atabusstop.B.Inacafe.C.Atatrainstation.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:HiJohn,thetrainarrivedmuchearlierthanIexpected.I’montheplatformatthemoment.M:Oh,youcangoandhaveadrinkinthecafewhilewaitingforme.Theroadisquitecrowded.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Howoftendoesthemanseehisgrandfather?A.Everyday.B.Onceaweek.C.Onceamonth.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:I’dseeGranddadeverydayifIcould.ButI’monlyfreeeverySunday.W:That’senough.Butdon’tforgetit’shisbirthdaynextmonth.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthespeakersdoontheman’sbirthday?A.Eatout.B.Cookathome.C.Visitsomefriends.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Howaboutgoingoutforamealonyourbirthday?M:Justyouandme?W:Wecanasksomefriends.Ifyoufancystayingin,Icouldcookforusall.M:Amealoutwouldbegreat.I’llringAnnaandKarl.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Theweatherreportisunreliable.B.Thetimeofpicnichastobechanged.C.Heshouldlistentotheweatherreportfirst.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:So,areyoulookingforwardtothepicniconSaturday?W:Yes,Iam.Accordingtotheweatherman,it’sgoingtobesunny.M:Huh!TheysaidthesamethingaboutlastSaturdayanditrainedallday.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeaker?A.Motherandson.B.Husbandandwife.C.Fellowworkers.7.Whatisthemanunwillingtodo?A.Cleanthefloor.B.Preparethedinnersets.C.Arrangethetables.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】M:Morning,Maria.W:Morning.Alex.Canyouhelpme?Canyoudothosetablesoverthere?Knives,forksandglasses.M:OfcourseIcan,W:Whenyou’vefinishedthetables,wouldyoucheckthesaltandpepper?Eachtablehasoneofeach.M:OK.W:Thencouldyousweepthefloor?M:Isthatmyjob?I’mnotacleaner.W:Yes,itispartofyourjobyouknow.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatdoesthemanliketodoinhisfreetime?A.Readbooks.B.Seefilms.C.Attendconcerts.9.Whatnewhobbydoesthewomanwanttotakeup?A.SkiingB.Reading.C.Listeningtomusic.【答案】8.B9.A【解析】【原文】W:Er,doyouhaveanyhobbies,Jack?M:Mm.IlikegoingtothemoviesifI’mfree.Iknowit’snotmuchofahobbybutIdon’thavealotoftimeforhobbies.W:Whatareyourfavouritefilms?M:Ilikethrillers.That’smyfavourite.W:Oh,I’mnogoodwiththose.They’retoofrightening.Idon’twatchanyofthembecauseIhavemyhandsovermyeyes.M:Sowhatareyourfavouritehobbies,Rebecca? W:Iwanttotakeupskiing.I’mstartingnewhobbiesbecauseIhaven’tgotanyatthemomentapartfromreadingandmusic.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatdoesthewomandoprobably?A.Apolicewoman.B.Atourguide.C.Ateacher.11.Whowasswimmingaround?A.Nick.B.Melissa.C.Laura12.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofKen?A.Helpful.B.Dishonest.C.Interesting.【答案】10.A11.C12.B【解析】【原文】W:Nick,whatwereyoudoingwhenLaura’sringwasstolen?M:Iwaskickingasoccerballaroundonthebeach.W:Kickingasoccerball?Byyourself?M:Yeah,butLauraandJordanwerewatchingme.Iaskedthemtoplaywithme,buttheydidn’twantto.Theysaiditwastoohot.W:Yeah.JordansaidhewasswimmingaroundwithLauraandwatchingyoukickingthesoccerball.That’strue.ThenwherewasJulie?M:IsawsheandMelissawereattheicecreamstand.W:OK,thisissimilartowhatMelissatoldme.ThendidyouseeKennearthem?M:Well,Idon’tthinkso.W:KensaidhewassittingontherockswithJulieandwatchingyoukickaballaround.Thenthatcan’tbetrue.OK,Thankyou,Nick.You’vebeenveryhelpful.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whatrelationisthewomantotheman?A.Hisclassmate.B.Histeacher.C.Hislandlady.14.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodofortheman?A.Carrythesuitcase.B.Preparehotwater.C.Packhisclothes.15.Howisthewomanspeakingtotheman? A.Rudely.B.Clearly.C.Loudly.16.Wheredoesthemanwanttogonext?A.Tothepostoffice.B.Totheschool.C.Tothepark.【答案】13.C14.A15.B16.A【解析】【原文】W:Hi,I’mSusan.Soyou’reAndrew,thenewstudentfromChina?M:Yes.IhopeIcanimprovemyEnglishquicklywiththehelpofyourfamily.W:Noproblem.Look,thisisyourbedroom.Ihopeit’sbigenoughforyou.Andthisisacupboardforclothes.Letmehelpyouwithyourbigsuitcase.M:Oh,thankyou,butIcanmanageitmyself.W:Thebathroomisnextdoor.Tohaveahotwatershower,switchthewaterheateroninthemorning.Oh,doIspeakslowlyenoughforyou?M:Oh,yes.Icanunderstandyou.It’sverykindofyoutotrytospeakslowly.ButI’mafraidmyEnglishisn’tgoodenoughtosayeverythingIwantto.W:Oh,don’tworry.I’msureyou’llsoonlearn.M:Thankyou,Susan.Bytheway,isthereapostofficenearhere?IwrotealetteratschoolandIwanttosendittomyparents.W:Yes.Didyounoticeabigthemeparkonyourwayhere?It’snexttothepostoffice.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whydoesthespeakermentionthepercentageofthegrade?A.Tostressthesecondpaper’simportance.B.Toattractattentiontohislecture.C.Toexplainthecourseoutline.18.Howmanywordsshouldthesecondpaperhave?A.About1,000.B.About2.500.C.About4,000.19.Whatadvicedoesthespeakergivetothelisteners?A.Writeaboutfamoustouristattractions.B.Broadentheareasofthepaper’stheme.C.Focusonthestatusandroleofthewomen.20.Whatshouldthelistenersdonext? A.Listentoalecture.B.Askthespeakerquestions.C.Discusswithotherstudents.【答案】17.A18.C19.B20.A【解析】【原文】M:Goodafternooneveryone.Beforewestarttoday’slecture,I’dliketotalktoyouaboutyoursecondpaperbecauseasyouknowifyou’vereadthecourseoutline,it’sworth60%ofyourgrade.Yes,60%,soit’sobviouslyquiteimportantandyoushouldstartthinkingaboutitnow.Iknowthatonthecourseoutlineitsaysthatboththefirstandsecondpapersare2.500wordslong.Thatwastrueforthefirstpaperbutthisoneshouldbeabout1,500wordslonger.Asfarastheduedategoes,thedeadlineisinsixweeks,attheendofMay.Throughoutthetermwe’vediscussedseveralancientcivilizationsbutthethemeofyoursecondpaperiswomeninancientRome.Thereareseveralareasyoucanfocusonforyourpaper.SomeofyouhaveexpressedaninterestinwritingaboutthestatusandroleofthesewomenbutIwantyoutofocusmore.Forexample,youcouldlookattheireducationandhowthisaffectedtheirroleinsociety.Oryoucouldconsidertheirachievementsinliteratureatthattime.Therearemanypossibilities,soIwantyoutostartdecidingonyourtopicandhaveitapprovedbyeithermyselforoneoftheteachersbynextFriday.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,seemeafterclass.Alright,let’sgetbacktoourlesson.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15个小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。ADanceSportClub’sSummerDanceCampWelcome!DanceSportClubkids’summerprogramshelpkeepkidsactive,happyandlearning.Kidsgettoenjoydifferentactivitieswithotherkidswhilelearningnewskillsorknowledge.Thecampprovidesdanceandotherfun,healthyandeducationalactivitiesforboysandgirlsages6-10.Duringthiscamp,yourchildwillbeintroducedtoseveralactivities,suchasfitness,differentstylesofdancesuchasBallet,HipHop,BallroomandLatindance,andmusicalskillssuchasrhythm(节奏)andtiming.TheclubhassatisfiedCOVID-19stricterrequirements.Time:9am-3pm,Monday-Friday,July26-30,2021Ages:BoysandGirls6-10yearsoldPrices:EarlyBirdSpecialPrice$249isreadythroughMay7,2021.StartingMay8regular(平常的)price $499.DanceCampSchedule:8:45-9:00amDrop-OffatDanceSportClub(11758SouthwestFwy,Houston,TX77031)9:00-9:55DanceFitness,DanceEducation(Vocabulary,Musicality,RhythmExercises),Snack(小吃)time,organizedactivities10:00-10:5511:00-11:5512:00-1:00pmLunchandFuntime1:00-1:55DanceFitness,DanceEducation(Vocabulary,Musicality,RhythmExercises),Snacktime,organizedactivities2:00-2:553:00-3:15Pick-UpatDanceSportClubWhatisyourlatepolicy(政策)?Warm-upbeginsat9:00am.Ifstudentsarrivelate,pleasegowiththemtothetrainingcenter.Ourcampclosesat3:00pm.Thereisa15-minuteperiodforyoutopickupyourchildren.Ifyouarerunninglate,pleasecall281-933-2623totellus.Ifyouneedtomakearrangementsforafter-hourcare,pleasetellusinadvanceofthebeginningofyourcamp.Wewouldbehappytohelpyoumakespecialarrangements.Formoreinformation,pleasevisitwww.dancesportclub.com.21.Whatdoesthepriceforthecampdependon?A.Kids’ages.B.Kids’levels.C.Thetimekidswillpayforit.D.Theactivitieskidswillchoose.22.Howlongwilltheactivitieslasteverydayatthecamp?A.Lessthanthreehours.B.Threehours.C.Fourhours.D.Morethanfourhours.23.Whatshouldaparentdoifheistoobusytopickuphiskid?A.Asktheclubtowaitforhim.B.Telltheclubatthestartofthecamp.C.Askarelativetopickuphiskid.D.Paytheclubmoretosendhiskidhome.【答案】21.C22.D23.B 【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了DanceSport俱乐部的夏季舞蹈营业时间、面向对象和价格等信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。由文中“Prices:EarlyBirdSpecialPrice$249isreadythroughMay7,2021.StartingMay8regular(平常的)price$499.”（价格：早鸟优惠价249美元，有效期至2021年5月7日。从5月8日开始，原价499美元。）可知，价格的不同是由于报名缴费时间不同导致的。故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。由倒数第二段“Warm-upbeginsat9:00am.Ifstudentsarrivelate,pleasegowiththemtothetrainingcenter.Ourcampclosesat3:00pm.”（热身赛于上午9:00开始。如果学生迟到，请与他们一起去培训中心。我们的营地在下午3:00关闭。）可知，上午9点到下午3点之间，超过4小时。故选D项。【23题详解】细节理解题。由倒数第二段“Ifyouneedtomakearrangementsforafter-hourcare,pleasetellusinadvanceofthebeginningofyourcamp.”（如果您需要安排下班后照护，请在您的营地开始前告诉我们。）可知，如果太忙不能接孩子需要在开营前提前告知。故选B项。BIhavedreamtoftakingatriptoHawaiisinceIgraduatedbutthebestthingalwaysneedswaitingItookatripwithmyfriendstoHaleakalaNationalParkwhichliesinHawaii.WhenwearrivedatHaleakalaNationalPark,wewereadvisedtowatchtheearlymorningsunrise.IwaslostinthesightseeingthatafternoonsoIcouldhardlywaittomeetthesunrise.Inthenextmorningwealljumpedoutofthebedveryearlyat3o’clockandwalkedtotherocksbytheseaside.Inthefirsthalfanhourweimaginedhowwonderfulitwouldbewhenthefirstlightcameoutthroughthethickcloudsandhowsoftitwouldbewhenthelighttouchedourskinsowewaitedandwaited.However,anotherhalfanhourlaterIgraduallylostmypatiencesincetherewasnothingbutthechillydarknessandIfeltthatIwasfrozentodeath.Butmyfriendswerestillextremelycheerful.Nearlyanotheronehourlater,“Fantastic!”awordburstoutfromJudyandweallshoutedtowelcomethelightorangegreatnesswhichisreallyunbelievable.UntiltodayIdaresaythatitisthemostimpressivesunriseinmylife.However,waitinginthemorningdarknessisalsotheoneIcannotwipeoutforever.Waitingsometimesisreallyahardthingformostofusasitneedspatienceandstrong-willeddeterminationbutwhatabouttheresultafterthat?Itmightturnouttobepleasinglyunbelievableandsatisfied.So,itisreallyworthwhiletowaitforthebest. 24.Whendidtheyseethefirstlightofthesunrise?A.About3o’clock.B.About4o’clock.C.Nearly6o’clock.D.Nearly5o’clock.25.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“chilly”inparagraph2?A.Cold.B.Empty.C.Terrible.D.Interesting.26.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardswaitingforthesunrise?A.Cheerfulallthetime.B.Regretfulallthetime.C.Firstlyexcitedthenimpatient.D.Firstlyinterestedthensad.27.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbywritingthispassage?A.Hawaiiisagoodplacetoenjoythesunrise.B.Sometimesitisworthwhiletowaitforthebest.C.Ienjoyedthemostflamingsunriseinmylife.D.MyfriendsandItookatriptoHawaii.【答案】24.D25.A26.C27.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和朋友们去夏威夷的Haleakala国家公园看日出的经历。告诉我们美好的事物是值得我们去付出耐心和毅力来等待的。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Inthenextmorningwealljumpedoutofthebedveryearlyat3o’clockandwalkedtotherocksbytheseaside.Inthefirsthalfanhourweimaginedhowwonderfulitwouldbewhenthefirstlightcameoutthroughthethickcloudsandhowsoftitwouldbewhenthelighttouchedourskinsowewaitedandwaited.”（第二天早晨我们都在凌晨三点起床并且走到海边的岩石上。在最初的半个小时里，我们想象着当第一缕阳光从厚厚的云层中出来时，那将是多么美妙，当阳光照射到我们的皮肤时，它将是多么柔软，所以我们等啊等啊。）可知，此时已是三点半；再根据第二段中“However,anotherhalfanhourlaterIgraduallylostmypatiencesincetherewasnothingbutthechillydarknessandIfeltthatIwasfrozentodeath.”(然而半个小时过去了我逐渐丧失了耐心因为除了寒冷的黑暗什么都没有并且我觉得我快要被冻死了)可知，此时已是四点；又根据第三段中“Nearlyanotheronehourlater,“Fantastic!”awordburstoutfromJudyandweallshoutedtowelcomethelightorangegreatnesswhichisreallyunbelievable.”(又过了差不多一个小时，“太棒了！”朱迪脱口而出，我们都大声欢呼欢迎这个浅橙色的令人难以置信的伟大)可知，一个小时后也就是五点，作者和他的朋友们终于迎来了日出。故选D项。【25题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第二段中“However,anotherhalfanhourlaterIgraduallylostmypatiencesincetherewasnothingbutthechillydarknessandIfeltthatIwasfrozentodeath.”(然而半个小时过去了我逐渐丧失了耐心因为除了chilly黑暗什么都没有并且我觉得我快要被冻死了)尤其“frozentodeath”可知，作者在黑夜中等待的过程是寒冷的。故选A项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“IwaslostinthesightseeingthatafternoonsoIcouldhardlywaittomeetthesunrise.”(我沉迷于那天下午的美景所以我迫不及待想要去看日出)可知，作者起初对于看日出这件事感到兴奋；再根据第二段“However,anotherhalfanhourlaterIgraduallylostmypatiencesincetherewasnothingbutthechillydarknessandIfeltthatIwasfrozentodeath.”(然而，半个小时过去了我逐渐丧失了耐心因为除了寒冷的黑暗什么都没有并且我觉得我快要被冻死了)可，等待日出时的寒冷使作者失去了耐心，由此可知作者的心理状态由最初的兴奋变得没有耐心。故选C项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Itmightturnouttobepleasinglyunbelievableandsatisfied.So,itisreallyworthwhiletowaitforthebest.”(结果就是令人愉快的，难以置信的和满足的。对于美好的事物的等待都是值得的)可知，作者想表达的观点就是：有时美好值得等待。故选B项。CSingapore’straditionofeatingoutinplacescalledhawkercentersisnowrecognizedbytheUnitedNationsforitsculturalimportance.Ahawkerisapersonwhosellsfoodorgoodsandadvertisesbyshoutingatpeoplewalkingbyonthestreet.HawkersareanimportantpartofSingaporeanculture.Open-aireatingareaswherehawkersselltheirgoodsareverypopular.Famouschefs,suchasAnthonyBourdainandGordonRamsayhavepraisedthem.OnWednesday,theUnitedNations,culturalagency,UNESCO,addedthecity’s”hawkerculture“toitsRepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity.Singaporelookedforwaystohavehawkercultureaddedtothelistabouttwoyearsago.Nowthatithasbeenrecognized,SingaporemustprovideareporteverysixyearstoUNESCO.Thereportmustshoweffortsthecity-statehasmadetosaveandsupportitshawkerculture.“Thesecentersserveas‘communitydiningrooms’,wherepeoplefromdifferentbackgroundsgatherandsharetheexperienceofdiningoverbreakfast,lunchanddinner,”UNESCOsaid.Inthe1970s,Singaporecleanedupitsstreetssothecitymovedstreethawkerstoneweatingcenters.Theseareaswerepartofanefforttoimprovetheisland.Now,thecentersoffermanydifferentlow-costmealsforlocalpeopleandprovideapleasingsocialsetting.The2018filmCrazyRichAsiansshoweditsstarsenjoyingmealsata famousnightmarket.SomesellersevenreceivedMichelinstarsfromafamousrestaurantratingsystemfortheirmealscostingonlyafewdollars.ButnowtheaverageageofahawkerinSingaporeis60yearsold.YoungerSingaporeansnowwanttoworkinoffices.Theyarelessinterestedinworkinginsmallrestaurants.TheCOVID-19healthcrisisalsohurtsales,preventingforeignvisitorsandlocalsfromeatingout.28.Whatdoweknowabouthawkersfromparagraph2?A.TheyareSingaporenatives.B.Theyarefamouschefs.C.Theysellgoodsintheopen-airarea.D.Theyarepopularallovertheworld.29.WhyishawkercultureaddedtoUNESCO’slist?A.ForitsimportanceinshowingSingapore’sculture.B.FortheeffortsSingaporehasmade.C.ForthereportSingaporeprovided.D.FortherecommendationbyUNESCO.30.WhyisthefilmCrazyRichAsiansmentioned?A.Toshowthepopularityofhawkercenters.B.Totelltheexperienceofthestars.C.Tointroducethesettingofthefilm.D.TohelpthesellersreceiveMichelinstars.31.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theaverageageofhawkers.B.Thedifficultieshawkercultureisfacing.C.TheeffectcausedbyCOVID-19.D.Thefutureofthehawkerculture.【答案】28.C29.A30.A31.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。新加坡的传统饮食场所“小贩中心”因其文化重要性而被联合国承认，并被列入联合国教科文组织的“人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录”。然而，由于年轻人对从事小贩工作的兴趣减少，导致小贩工作者的平均年龄已经达到60岁；加上COVID-19疫情的影响，小贩文化陷入困境。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“Open-aireatingareaswherehawkersselltheirgoodsareverypopular.(小贩们出售商品的露天就餐区非常受欢迎。)”可知，叫卖小贩们通常会选择开放的地带卖东西。故选C项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Singapore’straditionofeatingoutinplacescalledhawkercentersisnowrecognizedbytheUnitedNationsforitsculturalimportance.(新加坡在小贩中心外出就餐的传统，因其文化重要性已得到联合国的认可。)”可知，联合国的文化机构把新加坡的这种传统加入它的列表，是因为联合国的文化机构承认小贩文化在新加坡文化方面的重要性。故选A项。【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第三句开始“Now,thecentersoffermanydifferentlow-costmealsforlocalpeopleandprovideapleasingsocialsetting.The2018filmCrazyRichAsiansshoweditsstarsenjoyingmealsatafamousnightmarket.(现在，这些中心为当地人提供许多不同的廉价食物，并提供一个令人愉快的社交环境。在2018年的电影《摘金奇缘》中，明星们在一个著名的夜市享受美食。)”可知，本段在讲这些小贩聚集中心提供的餐饮价廉物美，为顾客提供了令人愉快的社交环境，作者提到电影《摘金奇缘》是为了证明小贩聚集中心的受欢迎程度。故选A项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“ButnowtheaverageageofahawkerinSingaporeis60yearsold.YoungerSingaporeansnowwanttoworkinoffices.Theyarelessinterestedinworkinginsmallrestaurants.TheCOVID-19healthcrisisalsohurtsales,preventingforeignvisitorsandlocalsfromeatingout.(但是，现在新加坡小贩的平均年龄是60岁。年轻的新加坡人现在想在办公室工作。他们对在小餐馆工作不太感兴趣。COVID-19健康危机也影响了销售，阻止了外国游客和当地人外出就餐。)”可知，本段主要讲述了目前小贩经济的困境。故选B项。DThesunissetting,brighteningyourkids’facesastheyplayinthewaves.Youreachforyourphoneforthisperfectmoment.Butbeforeyoudo,here’sabitofsurprisingscience:Takingphotosisnottheperfectwaytokeepmemoryasyouthink.Takingtoomanypicturescouldactuallyharmthebrain’sabilitytokeepmemories,saysElizabethLoftus,apsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia.So,wegetthephotobutkindoflosethememory.Photography“outsources”memories.Itworksintwoways:Weeithershakeofftheresponsibilityofrememberingmomentswhentakingpictures,orwe’resodistracted(分心的)bytheprocessthatwemissthemomentaltogether.Thefirstexplanationisthelossofmemory.Peopleknowthattheircameraisrecordingthatmoment,sotheydon’ttrytoremember.Theotherisdistraction.We’redistractedbytheprocessoftakingaphoto—howweholdourphone,composingthephoto,suchassmilingfaces,thebackgroundtoourlikingandclearimage,allofwhichusesupourattentionthatcouldotherwisehelpusmemorize.However,takingphotoscanhelpmemorywhendonemindfully.Whiletakingaphotomaybedistracting,theactofpreparationbyfocusingonvisualdetailsaroundhastheopposite.Whenpeopletakethetimetotakeclearpictures,memoriesbecomestrengthened.Anotheradvantageisthatwerecallmomentsmoreexactlywiththephotos.Memoryhasbeenreshapedwiththehelpofnewinformationandnewexperiences.Thus,photosorvideoshelpusrecallmomentsasiftheyreallyhappened.Memoriesdieawaywithoutavisualrecordbackingthemup.Therefore,aphotoisanexcellenttoolto helprememberwhendonepurposefully,whichisworthexploringfurther.32.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Topresentthetopic.B.Toshowthebackground.C.Toprovideanexample.D.Tomakeanargument.33.Whydoesphotography“outsource”memories?A.Takingphotosishelpfulforustomemorize.B.Photosaremoredetailedthanmemories.C.Manysourcesinfluencepeople’smemoriesduringphoto-taking.D.Peopledependmoreonphotostorememberthantheirbrains.34.Whatshouldbetalkedaboutnext?A.Whentakingphotosisbetter.B.Howtousephoto-takingtomemorizebetter.C.Howtostayfocusedwhiletakingphotos.D.Whendistractionislikelytohappen.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.PhotographyDoesHelptoMemoriesB.TooManyPhotosTakenResultinPoorMemoriesC.RemembertheMomentandTakePhotosProperlyD.TheFewerPhotosWeTake,theBetterWeWillRemember【答案】32.A33.D34.B35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了拍照不是保持记忆的完美方式，加利福尼亚大学的心理学教授说，拍摄过多的照片实际上会损害大脑保持记忆的能力。所以，文章建议人们有目的、有计划地拍照。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Thesunissetting,brighteningyourkids’facesastheyplayinthewaves.Youreachforyourphoneforthisperfectmoment.Butbeforeyoudo,here’sabitofsurprisingscience:Takingphotosisnottheperfectwaytokeepmemoryasyouthink.(夕阳西下，孩子们在海浪中玩耍，他们的脸变得明亮起来。为了这个完美的时刻，你伸手去拿手机。但在你这么做之前，这里有一些令人惊讶的科学：拍照并不是你认为的保持记忆的完美方式。)”可知，本段描写了海边美好场景令人想拍照的情景，提醒人们拍照实际上并不是保持记忆的完美方式，由此提出文章讨论的话题。故选A项。33题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Photography“outsources”memories.Itworksintwoways:Weeithershakeofftheresponsibilityofrememberingmomentswhentakingpictures,orwe’resodistracted(分心的)bytheprocessthatwe missthemomentaltogether.(拍照“外包”了记忆。它以两种方式起作用：我们要么摆脱了拍照时记住瞬间的责任，要么我们被拍照的过程分散了注意力，以至于完全错过了那一刻。)”可知，人在拍照的时候把记忆的责任交给了照片，或不用全部注意力去记忆。由此推知，拍照“外包”记忆是因为此时人们更依赖照片而不是大脑来记忆。故选D项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Therefore,aphotoisanexcellenttooltohelprememberwhendonepurposefully,whichisworthexploringfurther.(因此，如果有目的地进行，照片是一个很好的工具，可以帮助记忆，这值得进一步探索。)”可知，使用得当的话，拍照可以帮助记忆。由此推知，接下来文章可能会讨论如何拍照以便更好地去记忆。故选B项。【35题详解】标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章说明了拍照不是保持记忆的完美方式，解释了背后的原因，并介绍用心拍照却可以帮助记忆、更准确地回忆照片中的时刻，因此作者建议人们有目的、有计划地拍照。由此可知，C项“记住当下，合理拍照”概括了文章大意，适合作为标题。故选C项。第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It’sawell-knownfactthatvolunteeringbringspositivechangestocommunities.___36___Asresearchhasshown,peoplewhodonatetheirtimetohelpotherscanexperienceasignificantboostintheirownmentalandphysicalhealth.Thereareseveralreasonswhyvolunteeringisgoodforourmentalstate.Byvolunteering,westrengthenconnectionswithothers,whichhelpskeeplonelinessanddepressionaway.___37___Accordingtoanotherstudy,thefeelingsofpleasureandsatisfactionwegetfromhelpingotherstendtolastlongerthanthosesamefeelingsdowhentheyarefromactivitiessuchasshoppingordiningout.Volunteeringhaspositiveeffectsonourphysicalhealthtoo.___38___Severalstudieshaveevenshownthatvolunteeringcanreducephysicalpaininthosesufferingfromanillness.Clearly,peoplewhoaren’tvolunteeringalreadywoulddowelltoconsiderit.___39___Oneplacethatoftenneedsvolunteersisnursinghomes.Asanursinghomevolunteer,yougettointeractwithresidentsthroughstimulatingactivities,suchasartsandcrafts,musicanddance,orboardgames.Manytimes,though,nursinghomeresidentssimplywantsomeonetochatwith.Youcouldalsovolunteeratamuseum.___40___Notonlydothesevolunteerslearnaboutthemuseum’scollection,buttheyalsodevelopimportantvocationalskills.Volunteeringteachesyouskillsthatcancomeinhandyforyourfuturecareer,andofcourse,itwillkeepyouhealthybothmentallyandphysically. A.Butdoyouknowthatvolunteersthemselvescanbenefitfromittoo?B.Itlowersourstresslevelandbloodpressure,thuscontributingtoalonglife.C.Volunteeringreallyisoneofthemostrewardingthingsyoucandoinyourfreetime.D.Onestudyindicatesthatthepeoplewhooftenvolunteerarelesslikelytoachievesuccess.E.Placeslikethisoftenrelyonvolunteerstoprovideservicessuchassupplyingvisitorswithinformation.F.InoneBritishstudyparticipantswhohadvolunteeredoftenreportedfeelingmoresatisfiedwiththeirlivesthanthosewhohadnot.G.Ifyou’rereadytodosomevolunteerworkbutdon’tknowwheretobegin,you’llbegladtoknowthereareplentyofchoicesoutthere.【答案】36.A37.F38.B39.G40.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了志愿服务不仅可以给社区带来积极的变化，还可以促进自己的身心健康，建议没有开始做志愿者的人可以考虑一下，比如去养老院、博物馆等。【36题详解】前文“It’sawell-knownfactthatvolunteeringbringspositivechangestocommunities.(志愿服务给社区带来积极的变化，这是众所周知的事实。)”说明志愿服务于社区的积极作用，后文“Asresearchhasshown,peoplewhodonatetheirtimetohelpotherscanexperienceasignificantboostintheirownmentalandphysicalhealth.(研究表明，那些花时间帮助别人的人可以大大促进自己的身心健康。)”说明志愿服务于个人身心健康的积极作用，A项“Butdoyouknowthatvolunteersthemselvescanbenefitfromittoo?(但是你知道志愿者自己也可以从中受益吗？)”符合语境，用问句的形式引出志愿服务于个人的好处，从前文对社区的好处过渡到后文对个人身心健康的好处。故选A。【37题详解】前文“Byvolunteering,westrengthenconnectionswithothers,whichhelpskeeplonelinessanddepressionaway.(通过志愿服务，我们加强了与他人的联系，这有助于远离孤独和抑郁。)”解释为什么志愿服务有助于个人身心健康，后文“Accordingtoanotherstudy,thefeelingsofpleasureandsatisfactionwegetfromhelpingotherstendtolastlongerthanthosesamefeelingsdowhentheyarefromactivitiessuchasshoppingordiningout.(根据另一项研究，我们从帮助他人中获得的快乐和满足感往往比从购物或外出就餐等活动中获得的快乐和满足感持续的时间更长。)”借助另一个研究结论说明志愿服务带来的快乐和满足感更持久，F项“InoneBritishstudyparticipantswhohadvolunteeredoftenreportedfeelingmoresatisfiedwiththeirlivesthanthosewhohadnot.(在一项英国研究中，做过志愿者的参与者通常比没有做过志愿者的人对自己的生活更满意。)”符合语境，借助一个研究结论说明志愿服务带来的满足感更高，与后文的另一个研究结论共同支撑前文的解释。故选F。 【38题详解】前文“Volunteeringhaspositiveeffectsonourphysicalhealthtoo.(志愿服务对我们的身体健康也有积极的影响。)”说明志愿服务对个人身体健康有好处，后文“Severalstudieshaveevenshownthatvolunteeringcanreducephysicalpaininthosesufferingfromanillness.(一些研究甚至表明，志愿服务可以减轻那些患有疾病的人的身体疼痛。)”进一步具体介绍减少患者疼痛的好处，B项“Itlowersourstresslevelandbloodpressure,thuscontributingtoalonglife.(它可以降低我们的压力水平和血压，从而有助于长寿。)”符合语境，初步具体介绍有助于长寿的好处，与后文的减少疼痛共同支撑前文的好处。故选B。【39题详解】空处位于段首，需引出段落内容。后文“Oneplacethatoftenneedsvolunteersisnursinghomes.Asanursinghomevolunteer,yougettointeractwithresidentsthroughstimulatingactivities,suchasartsandcrafts,musicanddance,orboardgames.Manytimes,though,nursinghomeresidentssimplywantsomeonetochatwith.(一个经常需要志愿者的地方是养老院。作为一名养老院志愿者，你可以通过一些饶有趣味的活动与居住者互动，比如艺术和手工艺，音乐和舞蹈，或者棋盘游戏。然而，很多时候，养老院的居民只是想找人聊天。)”具体介绍去养老院做志愿者的情况，G项“Ifyou’rereadytodosomevolunteerworkbutdon’tknowwheretobegin,you’llbegladtoknowthereareplentyofchoicesoutthere.(如果你准备做一些志愿者工作，但不知道从哪里开始，你会很高兴知道有很多选择。)”符合语境，提出做志愿者有很多选择，后文养老院志愿者是其中的一个选择。故选G。【40题详解】前文“Youcouldalsovolunteeratamuseum.(你也可以在博物馆做志愿者。)”说明去博物馆做志愿者，后文“Notonlydothesevolunteerslearnaboutthemuseum’scollection,buttheyalsodevelopimportantvocationalskills.(这些志愿者不仅了解了博物馆藏品，还培养了重要的职业技能。)”解释去博物馆做志愿者的收获，E项“Placeslikethisoftenrelyonvolunteerstoprovideservicessuchassupplyingvisitorswithinformation.(像这样的地方经常依靠志愿者提供服务，比如为游客提供信息。)”符合语境，介绍博物馆志愿者的工作，承上启下。故选E。第三部分完形填空(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。OwuraKwadwoHottishteachescomputerscienceinaschool.Itisanormalschoolexceptforthefactthatitdidn’thave___41___OwurabecamefamousafterhepostedphotosofhimontheInternet.Inthepicture.peoplecouldseehewasteachinghisstudentsby___42___anentirecomputerontheblackboard.Thephotosshowedthe___43___levelof educationforchildreninGhana.Peoplewere___44___thatOwuramadesureeachbuttonwasdrawncorrectly.Hewouldcometoschoolhalfanhouraheadof___45___everyday.Hedrewthecomputerontheblackboard,butattheendofhisclass,itwas___46___offtostartthenextclass,sohehadto___47___itthenextday!Owura’sefforts___48___whenMicrosofttook___49___ofhisact.Theyfirsttookhimtoaninternationaleducators’meetinginSingapore.Hemadea___50___abouthisteachingmethodsatthemeetingand___51___astandingovation(欢呼)afterthespeech.___52___,Owuragotthethinghealwayswantedforhisstudents—somecompanies___53___computerstotheschool.Notasinglechildintheschoolhadseenarealcomputerintheirlives.Thankstotheirteacher’s___54___theworldtookcareandtreatthemwith___55___41.A.classroomsB.computersC.playgroundsD.tools42.A.operatingB.repairingC.describingD.drawing43.A.poorB.uniqueC.averageD.avanced44A.annoyedB.pleasedC.frightenedD.surprised45.A.lineB.cultureC.scheduleD.school46.A.rubbedB.calledC.cutD.shown47.A.exchangeB.improveC.reviseD.repeat48.A.brokeoutB.paidoffC.camebackD.heldback49.A.careB.controlC.placeD.notice50.A.suggestionB.speechC.decisionD.arrangement51.A.madeB.waitedC.receivedD.carried52.A.SuddenlyB.ImportantlyC.ExactlyD.Naturally53.A.lentB.soldC.donatedD.applied54.A.effortsB.painsC.legendD.experiment55.A.gloryB.wisdomC.kindnessD.pride【答案】41.B42.D43.A44.D45.C46.A47.D48.B49.D50.B51.C52.B53.C54.A55.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了经过奥武拉老师的努力，全世界都注意到了这个学校，成功帮到了这些孩子。【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一所普通学校，只是学校没有电脑。A.classrooms教室；B.computers电脑；C.playgrounds操场；D.tools工具。根据第二段第二句的“Inthepicture,peoplecouldseehewasteachinghisstudentsby　2　anentirecomputerontheblackboard.”可知，这所学校没有电脑。故选B项。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在图中，人们可以看到他在黑板上画了一台电脑来教学生。A.operating操作；B.repairing修理；C.describing描述；D.drawing画。根据下文的“Hedrewthecomputerontheblackboard,butattheendofhisclass,...”可知，此处用draw“画”符合语境，表示Owura在黑板上画了一台电脑教学生。draw是原词复现。故选D项。【43题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：照片显示加纳儿童的教育水平很差。A.poor穷的，差的；B.unique独一无二的；C.average平均的；D.avanced高级的。结合上文老师在黑板上画电脑，可知加纳的教育水平很差。故选A项。【44题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们惊奇地发现，Owura确保每个按钮都画对了。A.annoyed恼怒的；B.pleased开心的；C.frightened害怕的；D.surprised吃惊的。根据本句“Owuramadesureeachbuttonwasdrawncorrectly.”和常识可知，电脑和键盘上有很多按钮和键，他都画正确了，这是让人吃惊的地方。故选D项。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他每天会提前半小时来学校。A.line线，行；B.culture文化；C.schedule时间表；D.school学校。根据下文“Hedrewthecomputerontheblackboard,butattheendofhisclass,itwas　6　offtostartthenextclass,sohehadto　7　itthenextday!”可知，他要把电脑画在黑板上，由此推知他要比正常上班时间早到。故选C项。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把电脑画在黑板上，但下课时，电脑要被擦掉以便开始下一堂课，所以第二天他必须重复一遍！A.rubbed擦；B.called喊，叫，打电话；C.cut切；D.shown展示。根据下文的“tostartthenextclass”可知，为了开始下一堂课，画的电脑必须被擦掉。故选A项。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.exchange交换；B.improve改善；C.revise修改，复习；D.repeat重复。根据下文“Hedrewthecomputerontheblackboard,butattheendofhisclass,itwas　6　offtostartthenextclass”再结合常识可知，上课要用到画的电脑，而其他课开始之前又必须擦掉，故他只能第二天重复画一次。故选D项。 【48题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当微软注意到奥武拉的行为时，他的努力得到了回报。A.brokeout爆发；B.paidoff回报；C.cameback回来；D.heldback阻止。根据下文“Theyfirsttookhimtoaninternationaleducators’meetinginSingapore.（他们首先带他去新加坡参加一个国际教育家会议。）”和最后一段第一句“　12Owuragotthethinghealwayswantedforhisstudents-somecompanies　13　computerstotheschool.”可知，不仅微软公司邀请他去参加一个国际教育家会议，而且还有公司给学校送来了电脑，即他的努力得到了回报。故选B项。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当微软注意到Owura的行为时，他的努力得到了回报。A.care关心；B.control控制；C.place地方；D.notice注意。根据空后下文的“Theyfirsttookhimtoaninternationaleducators’meetinginSingapore.（他们首先带他去新加坡参加一个国际教育家会议。）”可知，微软公司邀请他去参加一个国际教育家会议，由此推知该公司注意到了他，takenoticeof“注意到”。故选D项。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在会上就他的教学方法作了发言，演讲结束后，他受到了全场起立鼓掌。A.suggestion建议；B.speech发言；C.decision决定；D.arrangement安排。根据本句后文中的“afterthespeech.”可知，此处用speech“发言”符合语境，speech是原词复现。故选B项。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在会上就他的教学方法作了发言，演讲结束后，他受到了全场起立鼓掌。A.made做；B.waited等待；C.received收到；D.carried携带。结合整篇语境和本句“Hemadea　10　abouthisteachingmethodsatthemeeting”中的“astandingovation(欢呼)”可知，他的发言受到了大家的肯定，大家起立鼓掌。故选C项。【52题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：重要的是，Owura得到了他一直想要的东西，一些公司给学校捐赠了电脑。A.Suddenly突然地；B.Importantly重要的是；C.Exactly确切地；D.Naturally自然地。根据本句“Owuragotthethinghealwayswantedforhisstudents-somecompanies　13　computerstotheschool.”可知，比起发言受到大家的肯定，对于他来说，更重要的是有人给学校捐赠了电脑。故选B项。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.lent借出；B.sold卖；C.donated捐赠；D.applied申请，应用。根据本句“Owuragotthethinghealwayswantedforhisstudents”可知，此处是指一些公司在了解到他所在学校的困境后，主动捐赠电脑给该学校。故选C项。【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：多亏了老师的努力，全世界都注意到了他们，并对他们报以善意。A.efforts努力；B.pains痛苦；C.legend传奇，传说；D.experiment实验。上文所讲述的Owura在黑板上画电脑教孩子们，以及去发表讲话，都是他的努力。且上文的“Owura’sefforts8　whenMicrosofttook　9　ofhisact.”也有提示，effort是原词复现。故选A项。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.glory光荣；B.wisdom智慧；C.kindness善意；D.pride骄傲。根据本段第一句“　12Owuragotthethinghealwayswantedforhisstudents-somecompanies　13　computerstotheschool.”可知，一些公司给学校捐赠了电脑，这是他们的善意。故选C项。第II卷(非选择题，共55分)第四部分：语言运用(共三节，满分40分)第一节语法填空(共10个小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。PaulandIwereonourschoolbasketballteam,TheLions.WelovedbasketballandwerebothhugefansoftheNBA.MyfavouriteplayerwasLeBronJames.Paul’sfavouriteplayerwasTyroneBogues,aguy___56___playedfortheCharlotteHornets,althoughwe___57___(actual)agreethattheyarebothchampions.Bogueswasonly1.6metrestall,whichmadehimthe___58___(short)everplayerintheNBA.Paulwasonly1.6metrestall,too!Paulknewthat___59___(be)shorterthanotherplayersmeantthathehadtopractisemore.Duringallthosehoursofdoingjumpshots___60___hisown,heusedBoguesashisinspiration.Pauloncesaid,“IfBoguescouldmake___61___,whynotme?”Paulhadtotryoutmanytimesjustformaking___62___team.Hewasstillusuallyonthebench,whichwasreallytoughonhim.Everyone___63___(know)Paulhadrealskills,andwassomeonewhohadastrongdesiretoplayfortheteam.___64___,Pauldidn’tgetachance.Thisweek,TheLionswereplayingagainstourmain___65___(compete),TheBears,ateamwhoserecordthisseasonhadbeenperfect.Pauldidn’tknowhe’dsoongetthechancethathe’dbeenwaitingfor.【答案】56.who##that57.actually58.shortest59.being60.on61.it62.the63.knew64.However65.competitors【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。保罗和我都是学校篮球队的成员，保罗将最喜欢的球员TyroneBogues作为自己的榜样，努力练习，争取得到机会为球队打球。【56题详解】考查定语从句。句意：保罗最喜欢的球员是TyroneBogues，他曾效力于夏洛特黄蜂队，尽管我们实际上认为他们都是冠军。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词是guy，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词who/that引导定语从句。故填who/that。【57题详解】考查副词。句意：同上。空处需用副词作状语修饰空后动词agree。故填actually。【58题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：Bogues只有1.6米高，这使他成为NBA历史上最矮的球员。由空前一句和空后比较范围“intheNBA”可知，空处需用形容词short的最高级shortest，表示Bogues是NBA历史上最矮的球员。故填shortest。【59题详解】考查动名词。句意：保罗知道，比其他球员矮意味着他必须更多地练习。分析句子结构，空处在that引导的宾语从句中作主语，应用动名词形式作主语。故填being。【60题详解】考查介词。句意：在那些独自跳投的时间里，他把Bogues作为他的灵感来源。onone’sown“独自地”，固定短语。故填on。【61题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：保罗曾经说过:“如果Bogues能做到，为什么我不行？”makeit成功（做某事），固定搭配。故填it。【62题详解】考查冠词。句意：为了入选球队，保罗不得不试了很多次。maketheteam“组建队伍，入选球队”，固定搭配。故填the。【63题详解】考查动词时态。句意：每个人都知道保罗有真正的技术，并且是一个有强烈愿望为球队效力的人。分析句子结构可知，know知道，动词作谓语；由后文had可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时。故填knew。【64题详解】考查副词。句意：然而，保罗并没有获得机会。前文提到保罗努力加入球队，后文说他没有获得机会，此处前后表示转折关系，需用副词however“然而”，作状语，句首单词，首字母需大写。故填However。【65题详解】 考查名词和名词的数。句意：这个星期，雄狮队要和我们的主要竞争对手熊队比赛，这支球队本赛季的战绩堪称完美。此处把熊队的球员当作竞争对手，所以空处需用competitor的复数形式competitors“对手”，作宾语。故填competitors。第二节单词拼写(共10个小题：每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面材料，根据中文或首字母并用正确的形式填空，每空填一词。Itwasthefinalsprint(冲刺)oftheSantaBarbaraXVGrandPrixcyclo-crossraceinSpain.Fanslinedtheroadtothefinishingline,cheeringonthe____66____(运动员).IsmaelEsteban,inthirdplace,wasjustaheadofanothercyclist,AgustinNavarro,withonly300metrestothefinishingline.Estebanhadbeencyclingashardashecouldforhoursandwiththefinishinglinein____67____(视野).Andallthecyclistsbegantospeedupwithalltheirs____68____tocrossit.Then,suddenlyEstebangotapuncture(轮胎上刺破的小洞).Theaudiencewasanxiousand____69____(好奇的)aboutwhathewoulddo.Wouldhegiveuporcontinuewhenfacingthe____70____(挑战)?IsmaelEstebandidn’tgiveupandthentriedtofinda____71____(解决方法)totheproblem.Hethrewhisbikeoverhisshouldersandrantowardsthefinishingline.Justafewsecondslater,fourth-placedNavarrocaughtupwithhim.Surely,hecouldsimplyovertakeEstebanandcomethird.ButNavarrosloweddownandletEstebanrunaheadofhim.ThetwocyclistsreachedthefinishinglinewithEstebanaheadbyfoot,Navarrojustbehindhim.NavarrohadletEstebanfinishinthirdplace,whilehecamefourth.Theaudiencereally____72____(钦佩)Navarroforhisshowofsportsmanshipandcheeredthecyclists.Navarrosaid,“Ididn’twanttowinthatway.”Later,Esteban,whowonthebronzem____73____triedtogiveittoNavarro.However,Navarrorefused,andhisresponsewas:“OfferingmetheprizewasworthmorethanwhatIdidforhim.”Tonya,abigfanofEsteban,____74____(评论道),“Thetwocyclists’sportinggesturesmakeadeepi____75____onusandthisissportsmanshipatitsverybest.”【答案】66.athletes67.sight/view68.strength69.curious70.challenge71.solution72.admired73.medal74.commented75.impression【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在自行车比赛中，IsmaelEsteban的自行车爆胎，只好扛着自行车跑，但是后面的选手Navarro并没有乘机超过他，而是跟在后面，他们用各自的行动表达了真正的体育精神。【66题详解】考查名词的数。句意：球迷们站在通往终点的路上，为运动员加油。此处应用名词作宾语，根据汉语提示可知，athlete运动员，名词，符合题意；结合第二段“allthecyclists”可知，参加比赛的自行车运动员很多，所以空处名词需用复数。故填athletes。【67题详解】考查名词。句意：Esteban已经竭尽全力骑了几个小时，眼看就要到达终点了。根据汉语提示和空前介词可知，insight/view在视线之中，固定搭配，符合题意。故填sight/view。【68题详解】考查名词。句意：所有的骑自行车的人都开始加快速度，用尽全力要过桥。结合首字母提示和空前“speedup”可知，加速需要力气，strength力气，作宾语，不可数名词，符合题意。故填strength。【69题详解】考查形容词。句意：观众对他将要做什么感到焦虑和好奇。根据汉语提示可知，curious好奇的，作表语，形容词作表语，符合题意。故填curious。【70题详解】考查名词。句意：面对挑战，他会放弃还是继续？根据汉语提示可知，challenge挑战，名词作宾语，符合题意；此处特指这次挑战，名词需用单数。故填challenge。【71题详解】考查名词。句意：IsmaelEsteban没有放弃，然后试图找到解决问题的办法。根据汉语提示可知，solution解决方案，名词作宾语，符合题意；由空前不定冠词a可知，空处名词需用单数。故填solution。【72题详解】考查动词。句意：观众非常钦佩Navarro的体育精神，并为自行车手们欢呼。根据汉语提示可知，admire钦佩，动词作谓语，符合题意；此处并列连词and连接两个并列的谓语；由空后动词cheered可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时。故填admired。【73题详解】考查名词。句意：后来，获得铜牌的Esteban试图把它交给Navarro。由空前bronze和首字母提示可知，medal奖牌，名词，符合题意；thebronzemedal铜牌，固定搭配。故填medal。【74题详解】考查动词。句意：Tonya是Esteban的忠实粉丝，她评论说:“两位自行车手的运动姿态给我们留下了深刻的印象，这是最好的体育精神。”结合汉语提示可知，comment评论，动词作谓语；结合前文谓语动词 refused可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时。故填commented。【75题详解】考查名词和固定搭配。句意：同上。结合首字母和空前提示词可知，makeadeepimpressionon…给……留下深刻印象，固定搭配，符合题意。故填impression。第三节句子翻译(共5个小题;每小题3分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，根据中文及相关提示翻译下列句子。Pilates(普拉提),yogaandrunning,whetherinthegymorathome,getalltheattentionwhenitcomestopopularwaystokeepfit.___76___(与它们相比，散步不是这么有吸引力，但它却有很多益处。)CertifiedfitnessprofessionalJolynnJaekelexplains,“WhatIloveaboutwalkingisthatanyonecandoitatanyageandanyfitnesslevel.Besides,itisgoodforyourheart,yourheadandyourwallet.___77___(很明显，散步是让人惊叹的运动，不是吗？)”ScientistsattheLawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratoryinCaliforniafoundthatquickwalkingreducedtheriskofheartdiseasemoreeffectivelythanrunning.___78___(正是因为这个原因，一些有心脏病的人喜欢散步胜于跑步。)Scientistsobservedparticipantsagedbetween18and80overasix-yearperiodandfoundthatwalkingreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseby9.3%,whilerunningreduceditby4.5%.Andthereisbetternews:30minutesofquickwalkingoverfivedayscouldhelppeoplesleepeasily,accordingtoresearchbyOregonStateUniversity.___79___(散步帮助青少年更好地睡眠，使得他们积极参加学校活动并专注于学校生活。)___80___(你越早开始，你将会越早注意到散步对你的大脑和身体有巨大影响。)So,gooutforyour30-minutewalkinanearbyparkorgreenspace.【答案】76.Comparedtothem,walkingisnotsoattractive,butithasmanybenefits./Comparedwiththem,walkingisnotsoattractive,butithasmanybenefits.77.Obviously,walkingisamazingexercise,isn’tit?78.Itwasforthisreasonthatsomepeoplewithheartdiseasepreferredwalkingtorunning./Itwasforthisreasonthatsomepeoplewithheartdiseasepreferredtowalkratherthanrun./Itisforthisreasonthatsomepeoplewithheartdiseasepreferwalkingtorunning./Itisforthisreasonthatsomepeoplewithheartdiseaseprefertowalkratherthanrun.79.Walkinghelpedhelpsteenagerssleepbetter,leadingthemtotakeanactivepartinschoolactivitiesandfocusonschoollife.80.Thesooneryougetstarted,thesooneryou’llnoticethatwalkingmakesabigdifferencetoyoumindandbody./Theearlieryougetstarted,theearlieryou’llnoticethatwalkingmakesabigdifferencetoyoumindandbody. 【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。普拉提、瑜伽和跑步备受关注，但散步对心脏、头脑和钱包都有好处。研究发现，快速散步比跑步更有效地降低心脏病风险，还有助于改善睡眠。最后作者呼吁大家开始在公园或绿地进行30分钟的散步。【76题详解】考查非谓语动词，动词短语、时态。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。“与……相比”表达为动词compareto或comparewith，其逻辑主语“散步”表达为walking，compare与walking之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词，作状语。“这么有吸引力”表达为soattractive，作表语；“有很多益处”表达为havemanybenefits，主语为walking，谓语动词为第三人称单数。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：Comparedtothem,walkingisnotsoattractive,butithasmanybenefits./Comparedwiththem,walkingisnotsoattractive,butithasmanybenefits.【77题详解】考查反义疑问句、时态。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。“很明显”表达为副词obviously，作状语。“散步”表达为名词walking，为单数，动词应用第三人称单数形式，“是”表达为is；“让人惊叹的”表达为形容词amazing，“运动”表达为名词exercise，作表语；“不是吗”表达为附加的反义疑问句，前肯后否，应用isn’tit。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：Obviously,walkingisamazingexercise,isn’tit?【78题详解】考查强调句，介词短语，动词短语、时态。根据上下文，陈述过去的事实，强调句用一般过去时。“正是因为这个原因，一些有心脏病的人喜欢散步胜于跑步。”表达为对“因为这个原因”的强调，“因为这个原因”表达为介词短语forthisreason；“一些有心脏病的人”表达为名词短语somepeoplewithheartdisease，介词短语作后置定语修饰people；“喜欢……胜于……”表达为固定短语preferdoing...todoing...，此处宾语用动名词；或者prefertodo...ratherthando...。此处也可理解为陈述客观事实，强调句用一般现在时。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：Itwasforthisreasonthatsomepeoplewithheartdiseasepreferredwalkingtorunning./Itwasforthisreasonthatsomepeoplewithheartdiseasepreferredtowalkratherthanrun./Itisforthisreasonthatsomepeoplewithheartdiseasepreferwalkingtorunning./Itisforthisreasonthatsomepeoplewithheartdiseaseprefertowalkratherthanrun.【79题详解】考查时态、动词短语、非谓语动词。根据上下文，陈述过去的事实，用一般过去时。“帮助……做……”表达为动词短语helpsbdosth，“更好地睡眠”表达为动词短语sleepbetter，作“青少年”的补语，“使得他们积极参加学校活动并专注于学校生活”用非谓语动词作状语，“使得……做……”表达为动词短语 leadsbtodosth，动词不定式作宾补，“积极参加学校活动”表达为动词短语takeanactivepartinschoolactivities，“专注于学校生活”表达为动词短语focusonschoollife。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：Walkinghelpedhelpsteenagerssleepbetter,leadingthemtotakeanactivepartinschoolactivitiesandfocusonschoollife.【80题详解】考查固定句型，时态，动词短语、宾语从句。“越早……越早……”表达为句型Thesooner/earlier...,thesooner/earlier...，陈述客观事实，该句型的前半句用一般现在时，后半句为一般将来时。“开始”表达为动词短语getstarted，主语为“你”，故谓语动词为动词原型，“注意到……”表达为noticethat...，notice后接宾语从句“散步对你的大脑和身体有巨大影响”，也用一般现在时，陈述客观事实。“对……有巨大影响”表达为动词短语makeabigdifferenceto...，宾语从句的主语为“散步”，故参加的谓语动词为第三人称单数形式。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：Thesooneryougetstarted,thesooneryou’llnoticethatwalkingmakesabigdifferencetoyoumindandbody./Theearlieryougetstarted,theearlieryou’llnoticethatwalkingmakesabigdifferencetoyoumindandbody.第五部分：应用文写作(满分15分)81.假设你是李华，你的好朋友Jim最近经常因周末时间安排和父母争吵，请你就此情况给他写一封信，就如何与父母更好地交流提出你的建议。内容包括：1.表示理解2.提出建议注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】范文一：DearJim.Iunderstandquitewellwhatyou’regoingthrough.It’snotunusualforusteenagerstohavedifficultygettingalongwellwithparents.Takeiteasy!Butrememberit’ssignificanttolearntocontrolyouranger.Afterall,thosewhoeasilygetirritatedarelesslikelytobecomeagoodlistenerandcommunicator.Thus,whenyourparentscriticizeyour weekendarrangements,don’texplodebutexplaintenderlyandpatiently.Besides,don’tforgettotellthemhowmuchyoulovethem.Hopeyou’llfindthesesuggestionshelpful.Yours,LiHua范文二：DearJim.Hearingthatyoufindithardtogetalongwellwithyourparents,I’dliketogivesomesuggestions.First,takeiteasy!You’renotalone.It’saproblemthathastroubledmostteenagers.Butrememberit’ssignificanttolearntocontrolyouranger.Afterall,thosewhoeasilygetirritatedarelesslikelytobecomeagoodlistenerandcommunicator.Thus,whenyourparentscriticizeyourweekendarrangements,don’texplodebutexplaintenderlyandpatiently.Besides,don’tforgettotellthemhowmuchyoulovethem.Hopeyou’llfindthesesuggestionshelpful.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给朋友Jim就最近经常因周末时间安排和父母争吵这一问题写一封建议信，表示理解他，并在“如何与父母更好地交流”方面提出自己的建议。【详解】1.词汇积累经历：gothrough→undergo控制你的愤怒：controlyouranger→controlyourtemper做某事有困难：havedifficultydoing…→strugglewith…此外：besides→what’smore2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：Afterall,thosewhoeasilygetirritatedarelesslikelytobecomeagoodlistenerandcommunicator.拓展句：Afterall,anyonewhoeasilygetsirritatedislesslikelytobecomeagoodlistenerandcommunicator.【点睛】【高分句型1】Iunderstandquitewellwhatyou’regoingthrough.（运用了what引导的宾语从句）【高分句型2】Thus,whenyourparentscriticizeyourweekendarrangements,don’texplodebutexplaintenderlyandpatiently.（运用了when引导时间状语从句）