河北省承德市重点高中2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期中联考试题（Word版附解析）

承德市重点高中高一联考英语考生注意：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。4.本卷命题范围：人教版必修第二册。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whydidthemanhavetostayatahotellastnight?A.Helosthisway.B.Hewasonbusiness.C.Helefthiskeysathome.2.Whatarethespeakerslikelytodo?A.Seeafilm.B.Haveadrink.C.Watchagame.3.WhatdidthewomanfindterribleinLondon?A.Theweather.B.Thetraffic.C.Themuseum.4.Whenwillthemeetingstart?A.At7:30.B.At8:00.C.At9:00.5.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Co-workers.C.Neighbors.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.HowmuchdoesaticketforWashingtoncost?A.$30.B.$15.C.$14. 7.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Toputoffhertripplan.B.Tocancelhertrainticket.C.Togetsomeinformation.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Quithisjob.B.Keeprelaxed.C.Workfromhome.9.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahospital.B.Inanoffice.C.Inahotel.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdidthewomandorecently?A.Shewentclimbing.B.Shewroteabook.C.Shereadastory.11.Wheredidthemangoforcyclinglastyear?A.SouthAsia.B.SouthAfrica.C.SouthAmerica.12.Whatdoesthewomanmeanattheendoftheconversation?A.Sheexpectsafantastictravel.B.Shehasbeentothenationalpark.C.Shewillaskforafewdays’leave.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhatisJuliandoing?A.Answeringaquestion.B.Doingasurvey.C.Havingaclass.14.WhatisJulian?A.Areporter.B.Ateacher.C.Astudent.15.WhichofthefollowingcostsMattmosteachmonth?AFood.B.Books.C.Shows.16.WhobuysclothesforMatt?A.Hisfather.B.Hismother.C.Hiswife.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdidtheschoolboysdecidetodo?A.Takeagoodrest.B.Setanewrecord.C.Runamarathon.18.Howmanyplayersarethereineachteam?A.Five.B.Six.C.Nine. 19.Howdidtheschoolboysfeelbeforesleepingonthefirstnight?A.Excited.B.Worried.C.Bored.20Whatcanwelearnaboutthegame?A.Itstartedat6:00am.B.Itlastedaboutfourdays.C.Itendedinfailure.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMyFavoriteTravelBooksMatthewKarstenhasbeentravelingaroundtheworldfornineyearsnow,anditallstartedafterhewasinspiredbyreadingsomeusefultravelbooks.Hereishispersonallistofthebestreads.TravelsWithaDonkeyintheCévennesRobertStevensonItisoneofthefirsttravelbooksIhaveread,whichtakesmeonawalkingjourneywithRobertandhisdonkey(驴)MosestineacrossamountainousregionofFrance.Igettofeelwhattravelingthrough1870’sEuropewaslike.Robertandhisdonkeydon’tgetalongwellatfirst,buttheyfinallylearntobecometravelcompanions.WorldWalkStevenNewmanWorldWalkisthestoryofnewspaperwriterStevenNewmanwhopackedhisbagattheageof28tostartafouryear-longjourneyaroundtheworldonfoot.Hewalkedhiswayacross22countriesinfiveco6dheartfeltstoriesofthepeoplehemetalongtheway,aswellaswildadventuresAlessonofhopeandloveistoldthroughtheexcitingbackpacking.OntheRoadJackKerouacOntheRoadisaclassicAmericantravelbook.Thestory,whichisbasedonKerouachimself,tellsusaboutDeanMoriarty’scross-countryjourneyacrossAmericainthe1940’s.Agreatreadforthosewhowouldliketoescapetherealworldforawhileandjustgowherethewindblowsthem.TheCatWhoWenttoParisPeterGethersForsomeonewhoexpectstoexperiencelife-changingwondersthatawaitabroad,there’sperhapsnobetter resource(资源)thanTheCatWhoWenttoParis.PeterGethers’globaljourneywithacatnamedNortonputsanoteofhumorintomanycommontravelsituations.1.Whodoes“I”refertointhetext?A.RobertStevenson.B.MatthewKarsten.C.StevenNewman.D.JackKerouac.2.WhichbooktellsabouttravelsinAmerica?A.WorldWalk.B.OntheRoad.C.TheCatWhoWenttoParis.D.TravelsWithaDonkeyintheCévennes.3.WhatdotheworksbyStevensonandGethershaveincommon?A.Theyarebasedonthesameexperience.B.Theyshowausefulskillinraisingcats.C.Theyareaboutajourneywithananimal.D.TheyfocusonalovestoryinEurope.【答案】1.B2.B3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本关于旅行的书籍。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“MatthewKarstenhasbeentravelingaroundtheworldfornineyearsnow,anditallstartedafterhewasinspiredbyreadingsomeusefultravelbooks.(马修·卡斯滕已经环游世界九年了，这一切都始于他读到一些有用的旅行书籍后)”以及TravelsWithaDonkeyintheCévennes部分中“ItisoneofthefirsttravelbooksIhaveread(这是我读过的最早的旅行书籍之一)”可知，I指的是MatthewKarsten。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据OntheRoad部分中“OntheRoadisaclassicAmericantravelbook.(《在路上》是一本经典的美国旅行书)”可知，OntheRoad讲述了在美国的旅行。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据TravelsWithaDonkeyintheCévennes部分中“ItisoneofthefirsttravelbooksIhaveread,whichtakesmeonawalkingjourneywithRobertandhisdonkey(驴)MosestineacrossamountainousregionofFrance.(这是我读过的最早的旅行书之一，它带我与罗伯特和他的驴莫斯汀一起徒步穿越法国的山区)”以及最后一部分“PeterGethers’globaljourneywithacatnamedNortonputsanoteofhumorintomanycommontravelsituations.(彼得·盖瑟斯和一只名叫诺顿的猫的全球旅行为许多常见的旅行场景带来了幽默)”可知，史蒂文森和盖瑟斯的作品的共同之处是它们是关于和一个动物的旅行。故选C。BBrodyRidderattendsTheAcademyofCharterSchoolsinWestminster,Colorado.Whenhegothisyearbook(学 校年刊)，hewentuptopeopleandaskedthemtosignhisyearbookbutmostofthemrefused.Hecollectedonlytwoorthreenamesfromclassmatesandtwonotesfromhisteachers.So,Brodywroteayearbooknotetohimself,“Hopeyoumakesomemorefriends.”Readingthatnotebrokehismother’sheart.ShetookaphotoofthenoteandpostedittoaFacebookgroupforparentsattheschool.Thepostmadeitswaytothreehighschoolers:SimoneLightfoot,LoganSouthandJoannaCooper.Theyspenthoursdiscussingtheproblemandfindingwaystohelp.“It’ssofuntohaveeveryonesigntheyearbook,butforthiskidfewpeoplehavesignedtheirnamesinhisyearbook.It’sjustheartbreaking,”Lightfootsaid.Theyallstartedplanningthatthenextdaytheyweregoingtosignthiskid’syearbook.ThethreeroundedupasmanystudentsaspossibletosignBrody’syearbookeventhoughnoneofthemhadevermetthethreehighschoolers.Accordingtotheteens,peoplewerelininguptofilltheblanksinBrody’sbook.Manyofthemorethan100signaturesincludedparagraphswithwordsofencouragement,adviceandevenphonenumbers.Andthenrightafterthat,everyoneintheclassstartedsigningBrody’syearbook.Theteenssaidtheyhopethesmallfriendlyactcanencourageotherkidstobekind.“Itmakesmefeelbetternow.Idon’tknowhowtoexplainit.Itmakesmefeelbetterfromthebottomofmyheart,“Brodysaid.”Itmakesmefeellikethere’shopefortheschool,there’shopeforhumanityandthere’realotofgoodkidsinthisworld,“hismothersaid.4.WhydidBrodywrite“Hopeyoumakesomemorefriends.”inhisyearbook?A.Hehopedtoknowmoreaboutnewcomers.B.Heplannedtogetanotheryearbookfromothers.C.Hedecidedtogiveupsigningtheyearbook.D.Hewishedmorepeopletosignhisyearbookinthefollowingdays.5.HowdidthethreehighschoolerslearnaboutBrody’sstory?A.Fromtheirteachers.B.FromtheInternet.C.Fromthenewspaper.D.Fromtheirclassmates.6.Whatwastheresultofthehighschoolers’efforttohelpBrody?A.PeoplelineduptogiveyearbookstoBrody.B.Almost100peoplesignedBrody’syearbook.C.AllofBrody’sclassmatessignedhisyearbook.D.Manystudentsaskedtomeetthethreehighschoolers.7.Whichwordcanbestdescribethethreeschoolers?A.Warm-hearted.B.Creative.C.Generous.D.Wise. 【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述三名高中生从网上了解到中学生Brody的学校年刊只有几个人签名之后没有置之不理，而是不辞辛苦召集了很多人为Brody的学校年刊签名，帮助他实现了愿望【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Whenhegothisyearbook(学校年刊)，hewentuptopeopleandaskedthemtosignhisyearbookbutmostofthemrefused.Hecollectedonlytwoorthreenamesfromclassmatesandtwonotesfromhisteachers.(当他拿到学校年刊时，他走到人们面前，让他们在年鉴上签名，但大多数人都拒绝了。他只从同学那里得到了两三个名字，从老师那里得到了两张纸条。)”可推断，Brody在纸条上写下那句话是希望后面的日子里更多的人能给他签名。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ShetookaphotoofthenoteandpostedittoaFacebookgroupforparentsattheschool.Thepostmadeitswaytothreehighschoolers:SimoneLightfoot,LoganSouthandJoannaCooper.(她拍下了这张纸条的照片，并把它上传到学校家长的Facebook群里。这篇帖子发给了三个高中生：SimoneLightfoot,LoganSouth和JoannaCooper。)”可知，这三名高中生是通过网络了解到Brody的故事的。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Andthenrightafterthat,everyoneintheclassstartedsigningBrody’syearbook.(就在那之后，班上所有人都开始在布罗迪年鉴上签名。)”可知，最后Brody班里的每个人都在他的学校年刊上签名了。故选C。7题详解】推理判断题。本文中的三名高中生从网上了解到中学生Brody的学校年刊只有几个人签名之后没有置之不理，而是不辞辛苦召集了很多人为Brody的学校年刊签名，帮助他实现了愿望，这说明他们三位是很热心的。故选A。COverthepastfourdecades,morethan450butterflyspecieshavebeenhitbythefallingnumbers.IntheUSalone,thenumberofmonarchbutterflies(黑脉金斑蝶)hasseenadropof80%,fromscientistsrecordingmillionsoftheminthe1980s,andonly29,000in2020.It’spartofawiderpossibilityacrosstheinsectgroup.In2017,scientistsinGermanyraisedalarmbellsafterfindingthatinsectshadfallenbymorethan70%in30years.Forfarmers,monarchbutterfliespollinate(授粉)averylargepercentageoffoodcrops.Itisveryimportanttprotectthembecausetheirdisappearancecouldhaveahugeeconomicinfluence.Butterfliesarealsohelpfulinthe coalmineforotherinsects,asitiseasierforthemtofeeltheenvironmentalchange.andrelativelyeasytorecord.Leadingenvironmentalorganizationshavebeenworkinghardtofindnewwaysofrecordingthenumberofbutterflies.Asofnow,thereisnolong-termdatatodevelopgoodprotectionmethods.Thescientistswantedtoaddressthechallengethatlongtermrecordingprogramsworldwidehavefaced:theyarefocusingontraininglocalsasinsectexperts,whichrequiresmuchmoney.Theycameupwithanewmethodtotheproblem.InYasuniNationalPark,theyhiredparkrangers(护林员)whoweretrainedandthencarriedoutrecording.Therangerswereabletorecognizebutterflieswithan85%successrate,whichisimportantforthesekindsofrecordingprogramstobesuccessful.Comparedwithotherrecordingprojects,thisstudyrepresentsalong-termsolution.“Ourmethodincreasesthechanceofrecordinginthelongtermbyreducingthemoneyspentonitsuchaswages,”saidleadauthorMariaCheca.“Furthermore,italsooffersopportunitiesforpublicorganizationstoachievetheirenvironmentalgoals.”8.Howdoestheauthordevelopthefirstparagraph?A.Bytellingastory.B.Bylistingnumbers.C.Byshowingpossibleresults.D.Bydiscussingdifferentreasons.9.Howarebutterfliesdifferentfromotherinsectsinfeelingtheenvironmentalchange?A.Theyarequicker.B.Theyarelazier.C.Theyareslower.D.Theyaremoreinactive.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“address”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Discover.B.Solve.C.Invent.D.Balance.11.What’sMariaCheca’sattitudetowardsthenewmethod?A.Uncaring.B.Disapproving.C.Positive.D.Doubtful.【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是记录蝴蝶变化的一种新的科学方法，由此来保护蝴蝶，最终实现保护环境的目标。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Overthepastfourdecades,morethan450butterflyspecieshavebeenhitbythefallingnumbers.IntheUSalone,thenumberofmonarchbutterflies(黑脉金斑蝶)hasseenadropof80%,fromscientistsrecordingmillionsoftheminthe1980s,andonly29,000in2020. (在过去的40年里，超过450种蝴蝶受到数量下降的影响。仅在美国，帝王蝶的数量就下降了80%，从20世纪80年代科学家记录的数百万只到2020年只有29,000只。)”可知，第一段中作者指出450多种蝴蝶在过去的四十年中数量减少了，之后列出了美国黑脉金斑蝶和德国科学家指出的昆虫下降的百分比。由此可知，作者在第一段中是通过列出数 据的变化说明近年来蝴蝶数量下降的趋势。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Butterfliesarealsohelpfulinthecoalmineforotherinsects,asitiseasierforthemtofeeltheenvironmentalchange.andrelativelyeasytorecord.(蝴蝶在煤矿里对其他昆虫也有帮助，因为它们更容易感受到环境的变化。而且相对容易记录。)”可知，与其他昆虫相比，蝴蝶对环境变化感知更快。故选A。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的句子“Asofnow,thereisnolong-termdatatodevelopgoodprotectionmethods. (到目前为止，还没有长期的数据来开发良好的保护方法。)”可知，此处提出了一个亟待解决的问题。同时根据划线词后的宾语“challenge”则为前文的“没有长期的数据来开发良好的保护方法”，故划线词在此处表示要“解决”该挑战。故与B选项为同义词，意为“解决”。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ourmethodincreasesthechanceofrecordinginthelongtermbyreducingthemoneyspentonitsuchaswages.(我们的方法通过减少花费在记录上的钱，如工资，增加了长期记录的机会。)”可知，MariaCheca所说的话是这个记录项目的两个优点，故可推断，MariaCheca对这个新方法是持肯定态度的。故选C。DCharlesDarwin’snotebookswerefirstreportedmissingtothepublicin2020.Ananonymous(匿名的)personhasreturnedDarwin’stwonotebookstotheCambridgeUniversitylibrary.Thenotebooks,whichincludeDarwin’s1837TreeofLifeintroductions,werereturnedtothelibrarylastmonthinabrightpinkgiftbag.“Mysenseofreliefatthenotebooks’safereturnisgreatandalmostimpossibletoexpress,”saidlibrarianDr.JessicaGardner.Thenotebookshadbeenmissingforlong,whilelibrarianshadsupposedtheyhadjustbeenmisplaced.ThelibraryplanstoputthenotebooksonshowinJulyaspartofacomingexhibition(展览)called“DarwininConversation”.TheTreeofLifeissaidtoshowDarwin’sthinkingbeforehecompletedOntheOriginofSpecies.“Objectslikethesehelpwithourunderstandingofthehistoryofhumans,”saidStephenToope,aprofessoratCambridge.Thelibrarysaidthenotebookswerefirstremovedin2000fromtheSpecialCollectionsStrongRooms,hometotherarestandmostvaluablethings.AusualcheckinJanuary2001foundthatthesmallboxhavingthenotebookswasnotreturnedtoitsrightplace,Afteranumberofsearchesthroughoutthelibraryovertheyears,thenotebookswerenotfound.Gardnerarrangedamorecarefulsearchin2020,ledbyexpertswhoconductedfingertipexaminations.TheteamsearchedthewholeDarwinArchive,whichincludesmorethan180boxes.Aftertheseeffortsfailed,they hadtheresultthatthenotebookshadbeenstolen.Localpolicearepleasedthatthenotebookshavefinallybeenfound.“Wesharetheuniversity’sdelightthatthesepricelessnotebooksarenowbackwheretheybelong,”aCambridgepolicespokesmansaid.“Ourinvestigation(调查)remainsopenandwearefollowingupsomelinesofquestions.”12.Whenwasthetwonotebooks’lossfirstreportedtothepublic?A.In1837.B.In2000.C.In2001.D.In2020.13.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthenotebooksfromparagraph2?A.Alibrarianmisplacedthem.B.Theywerelostatanexhibition.C.Thelibrarydidnothingtogetthemback.D.Theywereimportantforustounderstandthehumanhistory.14.Whatwillthelocalpolicedointhefollowingdays?A.Digoutmorevaluablethings.B.Findmoreinformationaboutthenotebooks.C.Openarightplaceforthenotebooks.D.Celebratethereturnofthenotebooksfurther.15.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Darwin’sNotebooksAreFinallyReturnedB.Darwin’sNotebooksAreMissingforYearsC.TwoImportantNotebooksWillBeFoundSoonD.EffortsforDarwin’sNotebooksHaveBeenMade【答案】12.D13.D14.B15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了达尔文的两本笔记失而复得的事情。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“CharlesDarwin’snotebookswerefirstreportedmissingtothepublicin2020.(查尔斯·达尔文的两本笔记本于2020年首次报告遗失)”可知，这两本笔记首次报告遗失是在2020年。故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“TheTreeofLifeissaidtoshowDarwin’sthinkingbeforehecompletedOntheOriginofSpecies.“Objectslikethesehelpwithourunderstandingofthehistoryofhumans,”saidStephenToope,a professoratCambridge.(据说生命之树展示了达尔文在完成《物种起源》之前的思考。“这样的物品有助于我们了解人类的历史，”剑桥大学教授斯蒂芬·图普说)”可知，这两本笔记对我们理解人类发展的历史很重要。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ourinvestigation(调查)remainsopenandwearefollowingupsomelinesofquestions.(我们的调查依然在进行，我们正在跟进一些列问题)”可推断，当地的警方接下来会进一步调查笔记的相关信息。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。分析全文结构可知，第一段前两句为本文报道的主要话题。根据第一段第一句和第二句“CharlesDarwin’snotebookswerefirstreportedmissingtothepublicin2020.Ananonymous(匿名的)personhasreturnedDarwin’stwonotebookstotheCambridgeUniversitylibrary.(查尔斯·达尔文的两本笔记本于2020年首次报告遗失。一位匿名人士将达尔文的这两本笔记交回剑桥大学图书馆)”可知，本文主要报道了达尔文的两本笔记失而复得的事情。由此可知，Darwin’sNotebooksAreFinallyReturned适合作本文最佳标题。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ChatGPT,OpenAI’slatestlanguagemodel,hasbeenonthemindsofmanyofusrecently.Itbecomesthefastestgrowingappofalltime,evensurpassingTikTok.____16____,let’sstartfromsomebasicthingsaboutitbelow.HowtoaccessChatGPTYoucanaccessChatGPTbygoingtochat.OpenAI.comandlogin(登录).Ifyou’reonOpenAI’swebsite,youcanlogintoyouraccount,thenscrolldownuntilyouseeChatGPTonthebottomleftcornerofthepage,andclickonittostartchatting.PracticaluseofChatGPTWhat’slifewithoutabitoffun?Whetheryou’relookingforagoodlaughorcreatingsomehumorousjokestoimpressyourfriends,ChatGPTcancomeinhandytocreateoriginaljokes,Besides,ChatGPTisparticularlystronginhandlingmathsproblemsstepbystep.____17____.AlthoughChatGPT,justlikeanyAIsystem,can’texactlyunderstandemotions,itcanstillprovideusefultipsformanagingrelationshipswithfriends,familynWindowslovedones.Inadditiontotheabovefeatures,ChatGPTcandoalargenumberofthingslikewritingasong,apoem,explainingtoughtopicsandsoon.____18____ ChatGPTusesreinforcement(强化)learningwithhumanfeedbacktocleverlyprocessitsenvironmentusinghumanexpressionsandadapttodifferentsituationswithlearneddesiredbehaviors.____19____,andcontinueslearningthroughthehumanknowledgeusersprovide,makingitabletogiveeducatedresponsesonalargevarietyoftopics.ThelimitationofChatGPTChatGPT,likealllanguagemodels,isnotwithoutlimitations.____20____.BecauseChatGPTisalwayslearningfromthetextdataitisprovided,itcangiveinaccurateandincorrectinformation.A.ThewayChatGPTworksB.TheideaofinventingChatGPTC.ToknowtheadvantagesofChatGPTD.TogetfamiliarwithChatGPTfurtherE.IthasbeentrainedonalotofdatabeforethisF.ChatGPTcanalsobeyourpersonalrelationshipexpertG.It’simportanttodoublechecktheinformationitgivesyou【答案】16.D17.F18.A19.E20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何使用ChatGPT，以及它的实际运用，工作原理和限制。【16题详解】根据前文“ChatGPT,OpenAI’slatestlanguagemodel,hasbeenonthemindsofmanyofusrecently.Itbecomesthefastestgrowingappofalltime,evensurpassingTikTok.(ChatGPT,OpenAI最新的语言模型，最近一直在我们很多人的脑海里。它成为有史以来增长最快的应用程序，甚至超过了TikTok)”以及后文“let’sstartfromsomebasicthingsaboutitbelow.(让我们从下面的一些基本内容开始)”可知，本段主要讲述了本文的主题，也就是介绍ChatGPT，所以D项“TogetfamiliarwithChatGPTfurther(为了进一步熟悉ChatGPT)”符合本段主题，且起到承上启下的作用。故选D项。【17题详解】根据本段小标题“PracticaluseofChatGPT(ChatGPT的实际使用)”可知，本段主要介绍了ChatGPT在生活中的实际用途，根据后文“AlthoughChatGPT,justlikeanyAIsystem,can’texactlyunderstandemotions,itcanstillprovideusefultipsformanagingrelationshipswithfriends,familynWindowslovedones.(虽然ChatGPT就像任何人工智能系统一样，不能完全理解情绪，但它仍然可以为管理与朋友、家人和Windows亲人的关系提供有用的建议)”可知，此处是在讲述ChatGPT在人际关系上的运用，所以F项“ChatGPTcanalsobeyourpersonalrelationshipexpert(ChatGPT也可以成为你的个人关系专家)”符合文意。故选F项。 【18题详解】分析设空可知，空处为本段小标题，根据下文“ChatGPTusesreinforcementlearningwithhumanfeedbacktocleverlyprocessitsenvironmentusinghumanexpressionsandadapttodifferentsituationswithlearneddesiredbehaviors.(ChatGPT利用人类反馈的强化学习，利用人类的表情巧妙地处理环境，并通过学习到的期望行为来适应不同的情况)”可知，本段主要介绍ChatGPT是如何工作的，所以A项“ThewayChatGPTworks(ChatGPT的工作方式)”符合文意。故选A项。【19题详解】根据后文“andcontinueslearningthroughthehumanknowledgeusersprovide,makingitabletogiveeducatedresponsesonalargevarietyoftopics.(并通过用户提供的人类知识继续学习，使其能够对各种主题给出有根据的响应)”可知，空处应和本句并列，讲述的是ChatGPT如何对各种主题给出有根据的响应，所以E项“Ithasbeentrainedonalotofdatabeforethis(在此之前，它已经接受了大量数据的训练)”符合本段主题。故选E项。【20题详解】根据后文“BecauseChatGPTisalwayslearningfromthetextdataitisprovided,itcangiveinaccurateandincorrectinformation.(因为ChatGPT总是从被提供的文本数据中学习，所以它可能会给出不准确和不正确的信息)”可知，此处给出了一个原因，就是ChatGPT可能不准确，所以空处应是和本句形成因果关系，所以G项“It’simportanttodoublechecktheinformationitgivesyou(仔细检查它提供给你的信息是很重要的)”符合文意。故选G项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Marcusisahandsomeandathletickid.Heplaystennisand____21____thestatetournamenteveryyear.Marcus’sneighbor,Conrad,isalso____22____tocompete,buthehasrheumatoidarthritis(类风湿性关节炎).Althoughitpainshimjusttowalk,he____23____painfuldaysatschoolwalkingtothesportsfield.Heloveswatchinghisschoolcompetesohedoesn’t____24____agame.MarcushasknownConradsinceprimaryschool.They’vealwaysbeen____25____.HeseesConradinpainandhis____26____atnotbeingabletoplaysports.So,everydayalterschool,Marcus____27____hisclassmatestogotoConrad’sforamomentofdiscussionaboutthegamecompetition.Thediscussionisas____28____asarealhighschoolgame,whichmakesConradforgetthehurt.Finally,thedoctorsfoundanew____29____toreducethepain.Conradwalkswithoutmuchpain,andthenbeginsrunning,buthestillhastolearnthe_____30_____ofrunning.Afterachildhoodofwalkingcarefullyand taking_____31_____steps,Conradhastotrainhiswalkinglikeakidagainandstayinshape.Hepusheshimselfeveryday，buildinghislungsanddoinglegliftsrepeatedlyforhisleg_____32_____.Heknowswhatpainfeelslike,butrunningforConradisnolonger_____33_____.ToConrad’sdelight,hegetsachancetojointhecrosscountryteam.Conraddoesn’twin,notonce,butMarcusisthere,_____34_____forhimwhoalwaysfinishesinthemiddleofthecompetitors,breathinginwindandwavinghishands_____35_____.21.A.givesupB.competesinC.hearsofD.breaksthrough22.A.ableB.luckyC.eagerD.calm23.A.bearsB.countsC.forgetsD.escapes24.A.acceptB.enjoyC.loseD.miss25.A.strangersB.enemiesC.friendsD.teachers26.A.surpriseB.sadnessC.impatienceD.tiredness27.A.promisesB.asksC.drivesD.forces28.A.longB.noisyC.boringD.interesting29.A.treatmentB.excuseC.periodD.topic30.A.goalB.styleC.speedD.skill31.A.suitableB.seriousC.smallD.comfortable32.A.strengthB.showC.shapeD.advantage33.A.relaxingB.beneficialC.painfulD.meaningful34.A.queuingB.arguingC.runningD.cheering35.A.excitedlyB.curiouslyC.anxiouslyD.actively【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.C26.B27.B28.D29.A30.D31.C32.A33.C34.D35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Marcus是英俊而健壮的孩子，经常参加比赛，而他的朋友Conrad因为患有类风湿关节炎而不能参加活动，Marcus一直用自己的行动鼓励朋友Conrad的故事。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他打网球，每年都参加州锦标赛。A.givesup放弃；B.competesin参加；C.hearsof听说；D.breaksthrough突破。根据下文“thestatetournamenteveryyear”可知每年参加州锦标赛。故选B。【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Marcus的邻居Conrad也渴望参加比赛，但他患有类风湿关节炎。A.able能够；B.lucky幸运的；C.eager渴望的；D.calm镇静的。根据上下文的转折关系可知Marcus的邻居Conrad也渴望参加比赛，故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管他走路都很痛苦，但他忍受着在学校走路去运动场的痛苦日子。A.bears忍受；B.counts数数；C.forgets忘记；D.escapes逃跑。根据上文“hehasrheumatoidarthritis(类风湿性关节炎)”可知他却忍受着疼痛，走到运动场看比赛。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他喜欢看他的学校比赛，所以他不会错过任何一场比赛。A.accept接受；B.enjoy喜欢；C.lose失败；D.miss错过。根据上文“Heloveswatchinghisschoolcompete”可知他喜欢看学校打比赛，所以他不会错过比赛。故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们一直是朋友。A.strangers陌生人；B.enemies敌人；C.friends朋友；D.teachers老师。根据上文“MarcushasknownConradsinceprimaryschool.”可推断他们一直都是朋友。故选C。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他看到Conrad因为不能参加体育活动的痛苦和悲伤。A.surprise惊讶；B.sadness悲伤；C.impatience不耐心；D.tiredness疲劳。根据下文“atnotbeingabletoplaysports.”可知是不能参加体育活动是悲伤的，故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，每天放学后，Marcus都会叫他的同学去Conrad家讨论一下比赛。A.promises允诺；B.asks让；C.drives迫使；D.forces强迫。根据上文“HeseesConradinpainandhis____6____atnotbeingabletoplaysports.”可知Marcus都会让他的同学去Conrad家讨论比赛。故选B。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：讨论就像一场真正的高中比赛一样有趣，这让Conrad忘记了疼痛。A.long长的；B.noisy吵闹的；C.boring烦躁的；D.interesting有趣的。根据下文“whichmakesConradforgetthehurt.”可知讨论应该很有趣。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，医生们找到了一种新的治疗方法来减轻疼痛。A.treatment治疗；B.excuse借口；C.period时期；D.topic话题。根据本句句意和语境可知医生应该是找到新的治疗方法来减轻Conrad的疼痛。故选A。【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Conrad走起来不怎么疼，然后开始跑步，但他仍然要学习跑步的技巧。A.goal目标；B.style风格；C.speed速度；D.skill技巧。根据上文“Conradwalkswithoutmuchpain,andthenbeginsrunning”和下文的转折关系，可知Conrad的疼痛得以缓解，然后他开始跑步，但他仍然需要学习跑步的技巧。故选D。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：童年时，Conrad走路小心翼翼，每走一小步，现在他必须像孩子一样训练走路，以保持体型。A.suitable合适的；B.serious严肃的；C.small小的；D.comfortable舒服的。根据下文“Conradhastotrainhiswalkinglikeakidagainandstayinshape.”可知Conrad像小孩一样进行走路训练，所以应该是走小步。故选C。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他每天都强迫自己，锻炼肺部，反复做抬腿运动来增强腿部力量。A.strength力量；B.show样子；C.shape形状；D.advantage优点。根据上文“doinglegliftsrepeatedly”可知是为了增强腿部力量，故选A。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他知道痛苦是什么感觉，但现在跑步并不会再让Conrad感到痛苦。A.relaxing令人放松的；B.beneficial有益的；C.painful痛苦的；D.meaningful有意义的。根据上文Conrad渴望参加运动，但是因为类风湿不能参加体育运动，而现在可以运动了，他应该开心，所以跑步不会让他感到痛苦，故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Conrad一次都没有赢，但Marcus总是为在竞争对手中结束，在风中喘着气并兴奋地挥着双手的他欢呼。A.queuing排队；B.arguing争吵；C.running跑步；D.cheering欢呼。根据前文和本句中的转折关系可知Marcus应该是为Conrad欢呼，故选D。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.excitedly兴奋地；B.curiously好奇地；C.anxiously焦急地；D.actively积极地。根据上文“breathinginwindandwavinghishands”可知应该是兴奋的，故选A。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ConfuciuswasbornintoamiddleclassfamilyinLuState,anareawiththemodemcityofQufu,inChina’sShandongProvince.Now,he____36____(remember)forhisteachings,which,alongwiththeworksofhisstudents，formedtheruleofConfucianism(儒学)many____37____(year)afterhispassingaway.Confuciusalsolived____38____activepoliticallife.FromhisjobasMinisterofCrime,hetookpartina campaign(运动)todistanceLufromtheruleofthestateinsteadof____39____(work)forthecentralgovernment.However,theplanfailed.Afterashortperiodofbeingsenttoliveinanothercountry,ConfuciuscouldfinallyreturntoLustate____40____(spend)therestofhislifeasateacherofphilosophy.EvenuptothetimeofConfucius’s____41____(die),histeachingswerenot____42____(wide)acceptedinChina,andmostof____43____(they)werelostwhentheemperorQinorderedtheburningofConfucius’sbooks.Yet,hisphilosophical(哲学的)ideassurvivedduringthelaterHanDynasty.EmperorHanWudi,____44____wasinspiredbythesocialandpoliticalwisdomofConfucius,acceptedConfucianismandappliedhissystemsofmoralityeverywherefromclassrooms_____45_____lawcourts.TheteachingsofConfuciusstillspreadfaracrossChinaandtheFarEast.【答案】36.isremembered37.years38.an39.working40.tospend41.death42.widely43.them44.who45.to【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了孔子的生平事迹和他的儒家思想产生的深远影响。【36题详解】考查动词的时态和被动语态。句意：现在他被人们记住是因为他的教学还有他学生的作品，它们在他去世的许多年后形成了儒学的规则。空格处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语Now可知，应用一般现在时，主语he和动词remember之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为he，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填isremembered。【37题详解】考查名词数。句意：现在他被人们记住是因为他的教学还有他学生的作品，它们在他去世的许多年后形成了儒学的规则。many修饰可数名词复数，空格处应填名词的复数形式。故填years。【38题详解】考查冠词。句意：孔子过着十分活跃的政治生活。livea/an…life为固定搭配，意为“过着……的生活”，active为元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。故填an。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从他作为司法行政部长的工作开始，他参与了一项运动让鲁国远离国家的统治而 不为中央政府工作。insteadof为固定搭配，意为“而不是”其中of为介词，应用动名词形式作宾语。故填working。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在被送到另一个国家生活很短的一段时间之后，孔子终于可以回到鲁国以哲学老师的身份度过了他的余生。couldreturn为谓语，空格处需填非谓语动词作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填tospend。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：即使到了孔子死后，他的教学仍然在中国没有被广泛接受，当秦始皇下令焚烧孔子的书籍时大部分典籍都丢失了。根据空格前的名词所有格Confucius’s可知，空格处应填名词形式，death为不可数名词。故填death。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：即使到了孔子死后，他的教学仍然在中国没有被广泛接受，当秦始皇下令焚烧孔子的书籍时大部分典籍都丢失了。空格处修饰动词accepted，作状语，应用副词形式。故填widely。【43题详解】考查代词。句意：即使到了孔子死后，他的教学仍然在中国没有被广泛接受，当秦始皇下令封焚烧孔子的书籍时大部分典籍都丢失了。空格处作介词of的宾语，应用代词的宾格形式。故填them。【44题详解】考查定语从句。句意：，汉武帝受到了孔子的社会和政治智慧的启发，接受儒家思想并将他的道德体系从课堂御用到法庭。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词EmperorHanWudi，先行词在从句中作主语，只能用who引导从句。故填who。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：汉武帝受到了孔子的社会和政治智慧的启发，接受儒家思想并将他的道德体系从课堂御用到法庭。from...to…为固定搭配，意为“从……到……”。故填to。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，你校将举办一场歌唱比赛。请给你的留学生朋友Fraser写封邮件邀请他参加。内容包括：1.写信目的；2.活动简介；3.表达期待。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 DearFraser,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearFraser,I’mwritingtoinviteyoutoenterasingingcompetition,whichisduetotakeplaceinthestudentcenterofourschoolat9amonJune10.It’sbeenannouncedthateveryoneisfreetoattendtheeventandwecansignupforthecontestbyMay15.Moreover,tohighlightthefairnessandopenness,fiveexperiencedandprofessionalsingershavebeeninvitedtojudgethecompetition.Wouldyouliketojointhefeastandenjoytheexcitement?Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文写作。要求考生给你的留学生朋友Fraser写封邮件邀请他参加你校将举办的一场歌唱比赛。【详解】1.词汇积累参加：enter→takepartin/participatein活动：event→activity另外：moreover→furthermore比赛：competition→race/contest2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Moreover,tohighlightthefairnessandopenness,fiveexperiencedandprofessionalsingershavebeeninvitedtojudgethecompetition.拓展句：Moreover,fiveexperiencedandprofessionalsingershavebeeninvitedtojudgethecompetition,whoseaimistohighlightthefairnessandopenness. 【点睛】[高分句型1]I’mwritingtoinviteyoutoenterasingingcompetition,whichisduetotakeplaceinthestudentcenterofourschoolat9amonJune10.(which引导的非限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]It’sbeenannouncedthateveryoneisfreetoattendtheeventandwecansignupforthecontestbyMay15.(that引导的主语从句)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Christmascame,andStewartgatheredthechildrenatthedinnertable.Hetriedtopreparealloftheirfavoritefoodbecausehehadnoextramoneyforindividualgifts.“Lucy,Ibakedyourfavoriteapplepie.Sean,Imadesuretogetsomebakedspaghetti(意大利面条)fromthestore.AndGregory,Ibakedawholechicken.Yourfavorites!MerryChristmas,mysweetchildren!”Stewarttoldthem.Aftereatingdinnertogether,Stewarttookhisthreekidsoutsidetomakeahugesnowmanandhadasnowballfight.ItwasafamilytraditionthatStewartwantedtokeepaliveeventhoughhiswifewasnolongerwiththem.Manyyearspassed,andStewart’skidsallhadfamiliesoftheirown.AndtheywerealltoobusytovisitStewart,althoughtheydidn’tlivefaraway.SoStewartspentmostoftheyearalone.Stewartwouldoftensitinawheelchairandlookatoldphotosofhisfamily.Hecameacrossoneparticularphotowhereheandhischildrenweremakingasnowmanoutsidethehouse.Theywerehappy,andthelovelysmilesonhischildren’sfaceswerepriceless.StewartwaitedforhischildrentocomeonChristmasEve,lookingoutofthewindow.“HowIwish...”hesaidtohimselfashewatchedothershavingfuntogetherintheirbackyards.Stewartwassurethateachmemberofhisfamilyhadforgottenhisinvitationonceagainuntilheheardashortknockonthedoor.“Whoisit?”Stewartasked.“Hi,Grandpa,”asmallboysaidafterheopenedthedoor.“Tim!Whatasurprise!”Stewartsmiled.“Isitjustyou?Howdidyougetherealone?!”Timnoddedsadly,“EvenonChristmasEve,myparentsdon’tnoticeme.They’retoobusywithwork.IknowhowmuchyouloveChristmas,Grandpa,soIwalkedhere.”Stewartwantedtocheerhisgrandsonup,sohewenttogetdressed.“Well,youandIwillhaveahappyChristmastogether,”StewarttoldTim.“KidsdeservetoplayinthesnoweveryChristmas,”headded.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 BothofthemwentoutsideeventhoughStewartcouldnotstayoutdoorsforalongtime.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ToStewart’ssurprise,hischildrenandgrandchildrenwereallaroundhimwhenhewokeupinhospital.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】BothofthemwentoutsideeventhoughStewartcouldnotstayoutdoorsforalongtime.Assoonastheywentout,Timcouldn’twaittorushintothesnow.Soon,theymadeahugesnowmantogether.Stewartrolledhiswheelchair,singinganddancingwithTim,theirfacesglowingwithhappiness.BythetimeTim’sparentsrealizedthattheirsonwasmissing,theyhappenedtoseehimhavingalotoffunwithhisgrandfatherinthesnow.Unfortunately,justastheywereenjoyingthemselves,Stewartfellover,andTim’sparentscalledanambulancetotakehimtothehospital.ToStewart’ssurprise,hischildrenandgrandchildrenwereallaroundhimwhenhewokeupinhospital.Stewartwasveryhappytogettogetherwithallhisfamilymembersagain,althoughthistimeitwasinhospital.AllStewart’schildrenwereashamedofbeingtoobusywithworktoaccompanyStewart.AfterStewartrecovered,Gregory,SeanandLucyrescheduledalateChristmasnight.Theygatheredtheirchildrenandfatheratthedinnertable,andbakedDad’sfavoritepizza.Theyallgreeted，“MerryChristmas!”【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Stewart自己一个人把孩子们养大，孩子们成家后，因为工作忙，没有时间去看望Stewart，让Stewart总是怀念以前一起的快乐时光，这个圣诞节，他的孙子偷偷跑来陪他过节，他们有个快乐的圣诞，但是Stewart不小心摔倒进医院了，他的孩子们都来看他，他很开心。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“尽管Stewart不能在户外呆很长时间，但他们俩都出去了。”可知，第一段可描写Stewart和孙子度过了一个快乐的圣诞。②由第二段首句内容“让Stewart吃惊的是，当他在医院醒来时，他的孩子和孙子都在他身边。” 可知，第二段可描写Stewart和家人们度过了一个快乐的圣诞。2.续写线索：孙子来陪他过圣诞——玩得开心——不小心摔倒——进医院——孩子和孙子都来看他——一起过圣诞。3.词汇激活行为类①意识到：realize/beawareof②过得愉快：havefun/haveagoodtime/enjoyoneself③陪伴：accompany/keepsbcompany情绪类①吃惊：surprise/astonishment②快乐：happy/pleased/delighted【点睛】[高分句型1]Assoonastheywentout,Timcouldn’twaittorushintothesnow.(assoonas引导的时间状语从句)[高分句型2]Stewartwasveryhappytogettogetherwithallhisfamilymembersagain,althoughthistimeitwasinhospital.(although引导的让步状语从句)