浙江省温州市普通高中2023届高三英语下学期3月第二次适应性考试（二模）试题（Word版附解析）

温州市普通高中2023届高三第二次适应性考试英语试题卷2023.3本试题卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。全卷共12页，选择题部分1至9页，非选择题部分10至12页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。考生注意：1.答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签宇笔或钢笔分别填写在试题卷和答题卷规定的位置上。2.答题时，请按照答题卷上“注意事项”的要求，在答题卷相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。选择题部分第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卷上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whoisthewomanprobablyspeakingto?A.Anofficial.B.Adriver.C.Apostman.2.Whatdoesthewomanplantodoattheweekend?A.Throwaparty.B.Buysomecheese.C.GotoWashington.3.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Thecookiesaretasty.B.Thewoman’sshoprunswell.C.Therestaurantishighlyrecommended.4.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofusinge-textbooks?A.Wonderful.B.CostlyC.Boring.5.Whatdoesthewomanprobablytrytodo? A.Chargeacellphone.B.Takeapicture.C.PlayaCD.第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howdoesthewomansoundatfirst?A.Shocked.B.Anxious.C.Grateful.7.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Takeiteasy.B.BurnthecandleC.Becommitted.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whydoesthemanrefusetobuythering?A.It’snotspecial.B.It’snotnecessaryC.It’stooexpensive.9.Whatdoesthewomansayabouttherecords?A.Theyarebrand-new.B.Theyarepopularnow.C.Theyarerealbargains.10.Whatisthewoman’sfinalofferfortherecords?A.$28.B.$25.C.$50.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatisthesurveyabout?A.Leisuretime.B.HealthconditionC.Sportingactivities.12.Howarethosesurveyeddivided?A.Byage.B.Bygender.C.Byinterest.13.Whatdoesthemansuggestonmarketingstrategies?A.Targetingtheseniorgroup.B.Launchinganewpromotion.C.Producingmoreathleticshoes.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhatissaidaboutInternetaddiction?A.Itisdisturbingparents.B.Itisincreasingoncampus.C.Itisarelativelynewthing15.WhatproblemsdoInternet-addictedstudentshave?A.Poormemory.B.Sleepingdifficulties.C.Interpersonalproblems16.WhydostudentsbecomedependentontheInternet?A.Tofeelconnected.B.Tobeentertained.C.Tostayinformed. 17.HowcanweavoidInternetaddiction?A.Bymakingmorefriends.B.ByleadingabalancedlifeC.Bydisconnectingthenetwork听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Howmanyrespondentshavedifficultyfallingasleep?A.60%.B.75%.C.91%.19.Whatwillaffectsleepquality?A.Familyincome.B.Socialstatus.C.Workstress.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Theresultofasurvey.B.Theprocessofastudy.C.Themethodofaresearch第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIt’snoteasytofindajob.Manyjobshaveageorexperiencerequirementsthatyoumightnotmeet.Ontopofthat,youneedtojuggle(应付)schoolwork,extracurriculars,andyoursociallife.Fortunately,therearestillsomegoodjobsforyoutostartgainingworkingexperience.TutorStraight-Astudent?Thenajobasatutor(家庭教师)mightbethebestoptionforyou.Helpingyoungerstudentswiththeirhomeworkisagreatwaytoputwhatyou’vestudiedtogooduseandmakesomeextramoney.Oneoftheeasiestwaystoshowthatyou’requalifiedtoteachotherstudentsisbylistingyourGPA(GradePointAverage)onyourtutorresume.DogWalkerLovedogs?Thenapositionasadogwalkeristheperfectfitforyou.Dogwalkingrequiresnoworkexperienceandhasflexiblehours.However,youmayneedtodosomeshadowingoraninterviewbeforepeopletrustyouwiththeirpets.DeliveryDriverIfyou’re16+yearsoldandhaveadriver’slicense,youcouldtryworkingasadeliverydriver.Drivingisagreatwaytogainrelevantexperienceandshowfutureemployersthatyou’reresponsibleandworkwellunderpressure.CallCenterRepresentativeIfyoudon’tmindtalkingonthephone,thenajobasacallcenterworkerisagoodchoiceforyou.Workingasacallcenterrepresentativecaneventeachyousomeusefulcustomerserviceskillsthatwillhelpyourcareerlateron.Tolandajobatacallcenter,highlightyourcustomerserviceandinterpersonalskillsonyourresume.1.Whoarethepassageintendedfor? A.Parents.B.Teachers.C.Students.D.Employers.2.Whatqualifiesyouasatutor?A.Relevantexperience.B.Timelyhomeworkcompletion.C.Flexibletimeschedule.D.Impressiveacademicperformance.3.Whichjobrequiresgoodsocialskills?A.Tutor.B.Dogwalker.C.Deliverydriver.D.Callcenterrepresentative.【答案】1.C2.D3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几种学生可以从事的工作。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Ontopofthat,youneedtojuggle(应付)schoolwork,extracurriculars,andyoursociallife.”（除此之外，你还需要兼顾学业、课外活动，还有你的社交生活。）可知，这篇文章针对的对象是学生。故选C项.【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Oneoftheeasiestwaystoshowthatyou’requalifiedtoteachotherstudentsisbylistingyourGPA(GradePointAverage)onyourtutorresume.”（最简单的一种方式表明你是有资格教其他的学生就是在你的导师简历上列出你的平均成绩点。）可知，作为有家教的资格的最容易的方式就是出示你的成绩，说明令人印象深刻的学术表现是你有做家教的资格的方式。故选D项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Tolandajobatacallcenter,highlightyourcustomerserviceandinterpersonalskillsonyourresume.”（想在呼叫中心找到工作，在简历上突出你的客户服务能力还有人际交往能力。）可知，人际交往能力和客户服务能力属于社交技巧，推断出需要良好社交技巧的工作是客服代表。故选D项。BIn1986,Iwatchedmyfirstsoccermatchonmyparents’bigboxtelevision.Iwassix,andeversincethen,IhavedreamedofattendingtheWorldCup.Thisyear,ItraveledtoBraziltomakemydreamareality.ThefirstmatchIattendedwasbetweenAustraliaandSpain.Withinminutesofwalkingintothestadium,Ifoundmyselfsurroundedbytheexcitedfans,talkingandcheeringtogether.Unlikewhatonenormallyseesonthenews,thismatchwasmainlypeacefulexceptforonefight.Whenthefightstarted,thewholesectionbeganchanting(呼喊)withonevoice,askingthosefightingtostop.Whentheydidn’t,therabble-rousersweresentoutbysecurityguardsminuteslater.WhatstruckmeaboutthegamesIattendedwasthesenseofcamaraderie.Imetsoccerfans fromdifferentcountries.Sometimeswewerecheeringforthesameteamandsometimesforoppositeteams,butthatdidn’tstopusfrombecomingfriends.Thestandswerenotdividedbetweenteams,andtheinteractionwasoftenspirit-lifting.IalsowatchedthegameinSaoPaulothatousted(淘汰)BrazilfromtheWorldCup.IwaswithfriendsatalargebarwhichhostedamixofBrazilianandGermansupporters.AsGermanyscoredonegoalafteranother,thesadnessandeventearswerevisibleonthefacesofBrazilians.ButGermanfanscametotheBrazilianstocomfortthemandapologizethatthegamewasendingwithsuchabiggap.Everyonewashopingforagoodmatch.WhatIloveabouttheWorldCupisthatitprovidesachanceforpeopletolearnaboutothercountriesandcultures.Peoplelearnaboutthecountriesoftheteamstheysupportandabouttheiropponents’historyandculture.Soccerisagamethatnotonlygivespeoplethechancetolearnabouteachotherbutalsohasthepotentialtounitepeople.Sportscanbeadividingforce,butthetruespiritofsportsisaboutunityandfun.ThematchesatthisWorldCuphavebeenexactlythatsofar,andIhopeitremainsso.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rabble-rousers”inparagraph2referto?A.Theinjuredplayers.B.ThefightingfansC.Theexcitedviewers.D.Thesecurityguards5.Whatimpressedtheauthormostaboutthegamesthatheattended?A.Thechantingfans.B.Thepeacefulatmosphere.C.Thewarmfriendship.D.Theplayers’performance.6.Whydidtheauthormentionhisbarexperience?A.Topresentafact.B.Toillustrateapoint.C.Tosolveaproblem.D.Tomakeacomparison.7.Whatismainlyconveyedinthepassage?A.Fans’supportcountsinsports.B.TheWorldCupisworthattending.C.Sportsbringtheworldtogether.D.Sportsareaboutculturalexchange.【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议。文章主要叙述了作者参加世界杯的经历，包括亲眼所见的现场情况以及自己的感受，通过这些经历来说明体育运动可以团结人们，避免文化差异产生的隔阂，达到文化交流的效果。【4题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中“Unlikewhatonenormallyseesonthenews,thismatchwasmainlypeacefulexceptforonefight.(与新闻上通常看到的不同，这场比赛主要是和平的，除了一场斗殴。)”及“Whenthefightstarted,thewholesectionbeganchanting(呼喊)withonevoice,askingthosefightingtostop.(打架开始时，整个看台开始异口同声地高呼，要求斗殴者停止)”及结合划线句子“Whentheydidn’t,therabble-rousersweresentoutbysecurity guardsminuteslater.(当他们没有这样做时，……在几分钟后被保安人员送出去。)”可知，观众呼喊打架停止，打架者没有听，被保安带了出去，因此推测rabble-rousers的意思为打架的粉丝，故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“WhatstruckmeaboutthegamesIattendedwasthesenseofcamaraderie.Imetsoccerfansfromdifferentcountries.Sometimeswewerecheeringforthesameteamandsometimesforoppositeteams,butthatdidn’tstopusfrombecomingfriends.(我参加的比赛让我印象深刻的是友情。我遇到了来自不同国家的足球迷。有时我们为同一支球队欢呼，有时为对立的球队欢呼，但这并没有阻止我们成为朋友。)”可知，让作者印象深刻的是热情的友谊。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“IwaswithfriendsatalargebarwhichhostedamixofBrazilianandGermansupporters.AsGermanyscoredonegoalafteranother,thesadnessandeventearswerevisibleonthefacesofBrazilians.ButGermanfanscametotheBrazilianstocomfortthemandapologizethatthegamewasendingwithsuchabiggap.Everyonewashopingforagoodmatch.(我和朋友在一个大酒吧，那里有巴西和德国的支持者。当德国队一个接一个地进球时，巴西人脸上可以看到悲伤甚至泪水。但德国球迷来到巴西人面前安慰他们，并为比赛以如此大的差距结束而道歉。每个人都希望有一场精彩的比赛。)”及第五段“WhatIloveabouttheWorldCupisthatitprovidesachanceforpeopletolearnaboutothercountriesandcultures.(我喜欢世界杯的原因是它为人们提供了一个了解其他国家和文化的机会。)”可知，作者提到自己酒吧的经历是为了说明一点，即运动可以团结不同国家和文化背景的人们。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。文章主要介绍了作者在巴西参加世界杯的经历，以及体育运动有可能让来自不同国家和文化背景的人团结在一起。根据第五段中“Peoplelearnaboutthecountriesoftheteamstheysupportandabouttheiropponents’historyandculture.Soccerisagamethatnotonlygivespeoplethechancetolearnabouteachotherbutalsohasthepotentialtounitepeople.(人们了解他们支持的球队的国家以及对手的历史和文化。足球是一项不仅让人们有机会相互了解，而且还有可能团结人们的游戏。)”以及第六段“Sportscanbeadividingforce,butthetruespiritofsportsisaboutunityandfun.ThematchesatthisWorldCuphavebeenexactlythatsofar,andIhopeitremainsso.(体育可以是一种分开的力量，但真正的体育精神是团结和乐趣。到目前为止，本届世界杯的比赛就是这样，我希望它能继续保持下去。)”,再结合作者分享了来自不同团队的球迷之间的和睦互动及合作，强调了体育运动可以促进文化交流，让人们了解其他国家和文化，可推断，文章揭示了体育运动尽管偶尔会出现冲突，但最主要的还是将全世界人民团结在一起，促进文化交流与理解。故选C。 CWaterpoisoningiscausedbytoomuchconsumptionofwaterduringashortperiodoftime.Waterinandofitselfisnotpoisonousbyanymeans,butrapidintakeofalargequantityofwatercanbreakthecarefulbalanceofsodium(钠)inthebodyfluids(体液).Thiscontributestoaswellingofthecells,ofteninthecentralnervoussystem,includingthebrain.Whenthecellscannolongerbearthepressure,theycanbegintodie.Thisisindicatedinseriousformsofwaterpoisoning.Symptomsofthisconditionincludevomiting,headacheandunresponsiveness.Whenthesodiuminthebloodfallstodangerouslevels,braindamageandpossiblydeathmayoccur.Whatisafatal(致命的)amountofwatercanvaryfrompersontoperson,dependingonone’sstateofhealth,hisorherphysicalactivityatthetime,thetemperatureandtheamountoftimeinwhichthepersonconsumesthewater.Forsome,aone-timeconsumptionofthreeliterscanprovedeadly.Althoughthepersonconsumingthewatermaylosealotoffluidduringheavylabororexercise,theelectrolytes(电解质)arenotreplacedfastenoughtoavoidwaterpoisoning.Thoseparticularlyatriskforwaterpoisoningareathletesengagedinlongdistancerunninglikeamarathon.Duetotheneedtoreplacelargequantitiesoflostfluid,runnersmustdrinkalotofwater.Thiscanleadtopoisoning,sorunnersmustreplacetheirfluidswithsportsdrinksthathaveaddedelectrolytes.Otherfactorsthatcontributetowaterpoisoningincludeactivitiesthatstimulateheavysweating.Thepersonworkingunderextremeheatorintensehumidity(湿气)mustbecarefulwhenconsumingwaterinordertomaintainelectrolytebalance.Mentaldiseasescanalsoleadtowaterpoisoning.Psychogenicpolydipsiaisaconditioninwhichtheaffectedpersonfeelsaneedtodrinkalotofwaterforunknownreasons.8.Whatharmdoeswaterpoisoningbring?A.Itcanaffectbrainfunction.B.ItdisturbsthebalanceofsodiumC.Itcausesadropinbloodpressure.D.Ittendstomakeitsvictimsnervous.9.Whatcanweknowaboutproperamountofwatertodrink?A.Threelitersperdayisdeadly.B.Nosinglerulefitseveryone.C.Itdoesn’tbotherhealthypeople.D.Physicalactivityisitsdecisivefactor.10.Whowouldprobablyfallvictimtowaterpoisoning?A.Apatientsufferingfromstomachache.B.AlaborerworkingwithheavysweatingC.Anathletefondofdrinkingsportsdrinks.D.Ateenagerdoingappropriateexercisedaily.11.Whatmightbediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Whathasbeenfoundaboutsportsdrinks.B.Whatelsecontributestowaterpoisoning.C.Whatarethesymptomsofwaterpoisoning.D.Whatcanbedonetoavoidwaterpoisoning. 【答案】8.A9.B10.B11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了水中毒的危害、致病原因、致病人群以及如何避免水中毒。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Thiscontributestoaswellingofthecells,ofteninthecentralnervoussystem,includingthebrain.(这会导致细胞肿胀，通常在中枢神经系统，包括大脑。)”根据第二段“Whenthesodiuminthebloodfallstodangerouslevels,braindamageandpossiblydeathmayoccur.”（当血液中的钠降至危险水平时，可能会发生脑损伤，甚至死亡。）可知，水中毒会影响中枢神经系统，即影响大脑的功能。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Whatisafatal(致命的)amountofwatercanvaryfrompersontoperson,dependingonone’sstateofhealth,hisorherphysicalactivityatthetime,thetemperatureandtheamountoftimeinwhichthepersonconsumesthewater.(什么是致命的水量可能因人而异，具体取决于一个人的健康状况、他或她当时的身体活动、温度和人消耗水的时间。)”可知，合适的饮水量是没有一定的规律的，因人而异，故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“Otherfactorsthatcontributetowaterpoisoningincludeactivitiesthatstimulateheavysweating.Thepersonworkingunderextremeheatorintensehumidity(湿气)mustbecarefulwhenconsumingwaterinordertomaintainelectrolytebalance.(导致水中毒的其他因素包括刺激大量出汗的活动。在极端高温或强湿下工作的人在饮水时必须小心，以保持电解质平衡。)”可知，搬运工等剧烈出汗的人比较容易患上水中毒，故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thoseparticularlyatriskforwaterpoisoningareathletesengagedinlongdistancerunninglikeamarathon.(那些特别容易发生水中毒的人是像马拉松一样进行长跑的运动员。)”以及“Mentaldiseasescanalsoleadtowaterpoisoning.Psychogenicpolydipsiaisaconditioninwhichtheaffectedpersonfeelsaneedtodrinkalotofwaterforunknownreasons.(精神疾病也会导致水中毒。精神性多饮症是指受影响的人因未知原因感到需要大量饮水的情况。)”可知推断接下来文章会讨论的是如何避免水中毒，故选D。DToday,poetryandscienceareoftenconsideredtobemutuallyexclusive(互相排斥)careerpaths.Butthatwasn’talwaysthecase.ThemathematicianAdaLovelaceandthephysicistJamesClerkMaxwellwerebothaccomplishedpoets.ThepoetJohnKeatswasalicensedsurgeon.Combiningthetwopracticesfelloutoffavorinthe1800s.Buttranslatingresearchintolyrics,haiku,andotherpoeticformsisresurging(再现)amongscientistsastheylookforalternativeways toinspireotherswiththeirfindings.“Poetryisagreattoolforquestioningtheworld,”saysSamIllingworth,apoetandageoscientistwhoworksattheUniversityofWesternAustralia.Throughworkshopsandanewscience-poetryjournal,calledConsilience,Illingworthishelpingscientiststotranslatetheirlatestresultsintopoemsthatcanattractappreciationfromthoseoutsideoftheirimmediatescientificfield.StephanyMazon,ascientistfromtheUniversityofHelsinkiinFinland,joinedoneofIllingworth’sworkshops.Intheworkshop,shewasgroupedwithotherscientistsandtaskedwithwritingahaiku,a17-syllable-longpoem,whichspotlightedwater,afluidthatfeaturedinallofthegroupmembers’researchprojects.“Itwasalotoffun,andsurprisinglyeasytowritethepoem,”Mazonsays.Sheplanstocontinuewriting.“Wedoadisservice(伤害)toourselvestothinkthatscientistscan’tbeartisticandthatartcan’tbeusedtocommunicatescientificideas,”Mazonsays.ThatviewpointisechoedbyIllingworth,whothinkssciencecommunicationinitiativesaretoooftendominatedbypubliclectureswiththeirhands-offPowerPointslides.“Actually,whensciencecommunicationinvolveswritingandsharingpoems,itinvitesatwo-waydialoguebetweenexpertsandnonexperts,”hesays.Scientist-poetManjulaSilva,aneducatoratImperialCollegeLondon,agrees.Poetryprovidesawaytotranslatecomplexscientificconceptsintoalanguagethateveryonecanunderstand,Silvasays.Scientistsandpoetsarebothtryingtounderstandtheworldandcommunicatethatunderstandingwithothers.Thedistinctionbetweenscientistsandpoetsislessthanpeoplemightthink.We’realljustpeoplewith-hopefully-reallyinterestingthingstosayandtoshare.12.Whatisthepurposeofmentioningthecelebritiesinparagraph1?A.Todisplaytheyweretalented.B.Toconfirmtheywereoutoffavor.C.Toencouragedifferentcareerpaths.D.Toshowpoetryandsciencecanbecombined.13.WhatareIllingworth’sworkshopsaimedtodo?A.Promoteanewscience-poetryjournal.B.Inspireoutsiderstopursuetheircareersinscience.C.EncouragesciencecommunicationthroughpoemsD.Getscientiststoexchangeideasaboutthelatestresearch.14.WhatdoesIllingworththinkofthedominantwaysofsciencecommunication?A.Conventional.B.Effective.C.InnovativeD.Complex.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ScientistsTakeonPoetryBScientistsandPoetsThinkAlike C.Poetry:AGreatTooltoQuestiontheWorldD.ScienceCommunication:ATwo-wayDialogue【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家和诗人之间的联系。文章提到了一些名人，以显示诗歌和科学并不总是被认为是互相排斥的职业道路。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“ThemathematicianAdaLovelaceandthephysicistJamesClerkMaxwellwerebothaccomplishedpoets.ThepoetJohnKeatswasalicensedsurgeon.Combiningthetwopracticesfelloutoffavorinthe1800s.Buttranslatingresearchintolyrics,haiku,andotherpoeticformsisresurging(再现)amongscientistsastheylookforalternativewaystoinspireotherswiththeirfindings.(数学家AdaLovelace和物理学家JamesClerkMaxwell都是有成就的诗人。诗人约翰济慈是一名有执照的外科医生。将这两种做法结合起来在19世纪失宠。但是，将研究翻译成歌词、俳句和其他诗歌形式正在科学家中重新兴起，因为他们正在寻找替代方法来用他们的发现激励他人。)”可知，原文中提到了传统观念中的诗人和科学家不同，但也提到了历史上有一些科学家也具有诗人才华。提到这些历史人物的目的是表明诗歌和科学是可以相结合的，故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Throughworkshopsandanewscience-poetryjournal,calledConsilience,Illingworthishelpingscientiststotranslatetheirlatestresultsintopoemsthatcanattractappreciationfromthoseoutsideoftheirimmediatescientificfield.(通过研讨会和一本名为Consilience的新科学诗歌期刊，伊林沃思正在帮助科学家将他们的最新成果转化为诗歌，以吸引他们所在科学领域以外的人的欣赏。)”可知，伊林沃思的研讨会旨在鼓励通过诗歌进行科学交流。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“ThatviewpointisechoedbyIllingworth,whothinkssciencecommunicationinitiativesaretoooftendominatedbypubliclectureswiththeirhands-offPowerPointslides.(Illingworth也赞同这一观点，他认为科学传播计划往往被公开讲座和不干涉的PowerPoint幻灯片所主导。)”可知，伊林沃思认为，科学交流倡议往往被公开讲座的幻灯片所主导，这是一种老套的方式。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。文中提到了一些历史人物，如数学家AdaLovelace和物理学家JamesClerkMaxwell都是杰出的诗人，说明诗歌和科学在过去并不是相互排斥的领域。但是在19 世纪，将两种领域结合起来的做法逐渐没落。现在，随着科学家们在寻找更多向外部人员灌输科研成果的方法，将研究成果转化为诗歌、俳句等文学形式的做法再次流行起来。文章介绍了SamIllingworth学者和诗人的身份交替和新的科学诗歌杂志Consilience，以及他如何鼓励科学家们将自己的成果转化为韵文和诗歌，从而向更广泛的受众灌输他们的最新研究成果。此外，文章也引用了科学家ManjulaSilva的观点，认为诗歌为将复杂的科学概念转化为大家都可以理解的语言提供了方便，综上，文章主要强调科学家开始研究诗歌（通过石刻的形式传播科学）。故选A。第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Museumscanbeoverwhelming.Withthousandsofpiecesthere,howdoyouknowwhichtofocuson?Andonceyouseeapieceyoulike,howdoyouinteractwithit?Hereissomeadviceonhowtohaveameaningfulconnectionwhenyoulookatart.Getupcloseandpersonal.____16____Therefore,takeyourtimetoobservequalitiesaboutaworkthatmaynotcomethroughonacomputerscreen.Thatincludesitslookandthefeelofitssurface,themarksmadebythebrushandthepathyoureyestakewhenviewingthework.Standback.Next,takeafewstepsback,standinthecenter—andobservewhat’shappeninginthebigpicture.What’sgoingoninthepiece?____17____Whataretheydoing?Howaretheyrelated?Lookatitfromanangle.Thentrylookingatanartworkfromitssides,becauseyoumightcatchsomethingyoumightnothaveseenstraighton.Ifit’ssomethinglikeTheAmbassadorsbyHolbeinatTheNationalGalleryinLondon,ifyoustandtotheside,you’llseesomethingthatfromfrontonlooksverydifferent.____18____That’scalledanamorphicart.Moveyourbody.Ifyou’relookingatapainting,youcantakeafingertotheairandtracetheoutlineofthefigureorthemovementofthebrushstrokes.____19____Thiscanhelpyouseeandfeelwhatitmightbeliketomakethisartworkfromtheartist’sperspective.Considerthesubjectoftheart.Thatcanhaveaprofoundeffectonhowyoufeelaboutthework-andperhapsyoucanlearnsomethingfromit.TaketheexampleofAndrewWyeth’sfamouspainting,Christina’sWorld,whichdepicts(描绘)agirlwithamusclediseasecrawlingacrossafieldtogettoherhomeinthedistance.Thepaintingpersonifies(体现)determination.____20____A.Sojustkeepanopenmind.B.Whathavetheygonethrough?C.Whenyoustandtotheside,itchanges.D.Howarethefiguresinthepiecearranged?E.Wehavetheluxuryofseeingtherealthingatamuseum.F.Whenlookingatsculptures,trytheposeswithyourbody.G.Itcaninawayrelieveyourstresstoknowwehavethisinnerstrength.【答案】16.E17.D18.C19.F20.G 【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在看待艺术时如何建立有意义联系一些建议。【16题详解】由上文“Getupcloseandpersonal.(近距离接触，亲密无间)”和下文“Therefore,takeyourtimetoobservequalitiesaboutaworkthatmaynotcomethroughonacomputerscreen.Thatincludesitslookandthefeelofitssurface,themarksmadebythebrushandthepathyoureyestakewhenviewingthework.(因此，花点时间观察电脑屏幕上可能看不到的作品的质量。这包括它的外观和表面的感觉，画笔留下的痕迹，以及你观看作品时眼睛所走的路径)”可知，只有在博物馆里才能近距离接触、仔细观察艺术作品，承接上下文，E选项“我们有幸在博物馆里看到真实的东西。”切题。故选E项。【17题详解】由上文“Standback.Next,takeafewstepsback,standinthecenter—andobservewhat’shappeninginthebigpicture.What’sgoingoninthepiece?(退后。接下来，后退几步，站在中心，观察大局中发生了什么。这幅作品是怎么回事？)”和下文“Whataretheydoing?Howaretheyrelated?(他们在做什么？它们是如何关联？)”可知，后退是为了更好地思考艺术作品的意义，可以通过相关问题来建立艺术联系，下文中的“they”指代D选项中的“thefiguresinthepiece”，承接上下文，D选项“这幅作品中的人物是如何排列的？”切题，且与前后句式一致。故选D项。【18题详解】由上文“Lookatitfromanangle.Thentrylookingatanartworkfromitssides,becauseyoumightcatchsomethingyoumightnothaveseenstraighton.Ifit’ssomethinglikeTheAmbassadorsbyHolbeinatTheNationalGalleryinLondon,ifyoustandtotheside,you’llseesomethingthatfromfrontonlooksverydifferent.(从一个角度看。然后试着从侧面看一件艺术品，因为你可能会看到一些你可能没有直接看到的东西。如果它像伦敦国家美术馆的霍尔拜因大使，如果你站在侧面，你会看到一些从正面看非常不同的东西)”和下文“That’scalledanamorphicart.(这就是变形艺术)”可知，不同角度看变形艺术，你会看到不同的东西，该空承接上下文讲不同角度视角下的变形艺术是什么样的，C选项“当你站在一边时，它会改变。”切题。故选C项。【19题详解】承接上文“Moveyourbody.Ifyou’relookingatapainting,youcantakeafingertotheairandtracetheoutlineofthefigureorthemovementofthebrushstrokes.(移动你的身体。如果你在看一幅画，你可以把一根手指举到空中，追踪人物的轮廓或笔触的移动)”再次举例说明通过移动你的身体来与艺术建立有意义的联系，F选项“看雕塑时，试着用你的身体摆姿势。”切题。故选F项。 【20题详解】由小标题“Considerthesubjectoftheart.(想想艺术的主题)”和上文“TaketheexampleofAndrewWyeth’sfamouspainting,Christina’sWorld,whichdepicts(描绘)agirlwithamusclediseasecrawlingacrossafieldtogettoherhomeinthedistance.Thepaintingpersonifies(体现)determination.(以安德鲁·怀思的著名画作《克里斯蒂娜的世界》为例，这幅画描绘了一个患有肌肉疾病的女孩爬过田野去远方的家。这幅画体现了决心)”可知，本段作者建议通过思考艺术的主题来与艺术建立有意义的联系，以著名画作《克里斯蒂娜的世界》的艺术的主题（决心）为例，该空应讲明这种有意义联系的积极作用，承接上下文，G选项“知道我们有这种内在的力量，可以在某种程度上缓解你的压力。”切题。故选G项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Aweekago,insearchofanextremely____21____flowercalledthetagimoucia,ItravelledtoTaveuni,wheretheplantonlygrows.MyhostVagonitoldmethatmanylocalsmayhaveonlyseentheflowerinpictures.HealsotoldmethatI’dbe____22____toclimbthemountainwithouta____23____.“You’llbeonthesteep(陡峭的)serviceroadbeforeyou____24____therainforestonanunmarkedtracktohaveanychanceoffindingthetagimoucia.There’sthick____25____andit’salwaysraining,”hesaid.“Atbest,youdon’tfindthe____26____.Atworst,yougetcompletely____27____.”IaskedVagoni____28____thisworstcasehadhappenedbefore.“____29____!”hesaid.“Justtwoweeksago,agroupofsevenlocalswentupwithoutaguideandgotlostinthecloud.Therewasasearch-and-rescuemission.Whata_____30_____!”Soon,wesetoutuptheserviceroadwithaguide.I’dhikedKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica,andmadeit_____31_____theEverestBaseCamp._____32_____,IquicklydiscoveredthatTaveuni’sextremehumidityandthetrail’ssteepnessmaketheclimbingastonishingly_____33_____.Ineededtostoptorestevery10minutes.Anhourlater,wewereintheforest,duckingunderfallentreesandclimbingoverotherobstacles.Suddenly,theguidepointedupwith_____34_____.“Look!Thetagimoucia!”heshouted.Icouldn’tbelievewe’dfoundit—Ialsocouldn’tseeathing,asmyglasseswere_____35_____upinthemist.21.A.delicateB.beautifulC.rareD.tiny22.A.slowB.funnyC.foolishD.weak23.A.ropeB.guideC.walkingstickD.sleepingbag24.A.cutintoB.searchforC.lookaroundD.make out25.A.forestB.grassC.snowD.fog26A.wayB.waterC.shelterD.flower27.A.madB.lostC.exhaustedD.defeated28.A.whetherB.howC.whenD.why29.A.AccidentallyB.BasicallyC.FrequentlyD.Exactly30.A.chanceB.shockC.scheduleD.mess31.A.withB.toC.forD.at32.A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.InsteadD.Besides33.A.impressiveB.urgentC.uniqueD.tough34.A.excitementB.interestC.curiosityD.fear35.A.straightenedB.steamedC.pushedD.broken【答案】21.C22.C23.B24.A25.D26.D27.B28.A29.C30.D31.B32.A33.D34.A35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者想去找一种罕见的花，没有犯蠢，听从了他人的建议带着向导一起去登山，经过艰难险阻，终于找到花，但因为雾气太重，戴眼镜的作者什么也看不清。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一周前，为了寻找一种名为tagimoucia的极其罕见的花，我去了塔韦尼，这种植物只生长在那里。A.delicate微妙的；B.beautiful美丽的；C.rare稀少的、罕见的；D.tiny极小的。由下文的“Taveuni,wheretheplantonlygrows(花只在塔韦尼生长)”和“manylocalsmayhaveonlyseentheflowerinpictures(许多当地人可能只在照片中看到过这种花)”可知，名为tagimoucia的花是极其罕见的。故选C项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他还告诉我，在没有向导的情况下登山是愚蠢的。A.slow慢慢的；B.funny有趣的；C.foolish愚蠢的；D.weak虚弱的。呼应下文的“thisworstcasehadhappenedbefore(这种最糟糕的情况以前发生过)”和“Justtwoweeksago,agroupofsevenlocalswentupwithoutaguideandgotlostinthecloud.Therewasasearch-and-rescuemission.(就在两周前，一个由七名当地人组成的小组在没有向导的情况下上去，在云雾中迷路了。当时有一次搜救任务)”讲没有向导带路登山会发生糟糕的事情，这种行为无疑很愚蠢。故选C项。【23题详解】考查名词词义或短语辨析。句意：他还告诉我，在没有向导的情况下登山是愚蠢的。A.rope绳子；B.guide向导；C.walkingstick手杖；D.sleepingbag睡袋。呼应下文的“thisworstcase hadhappenedbefore(这种最糟糕的情况以前发生过)”和“Justtwoweeksago,agroupofsevenlocalswentupwithoutaguideandgotlostinthecloud.Therewasasearch-and-rescuemission.(就在两周前，一个由七名当地人组成的小组在没有向导的情况下上去，在云雾中迷路了。当时有一次搜救任务)”讲没有向导带路登山会发生糟糕的事情，这种行为无疑很愚蠢。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他说：“你将在陡峭的便道上，然后在一条没有标记的小路上驶入雨林，有机会找到tagimoucia。那里有浓雾，而且一直在下雨。”A.cutinto切入；B.searchfor寻找；C.lookaround（四处）转转；D.makeout理解。由本处的“You’llbeonthesteep(陡峭的)serviceroadbeforeyou____4____therainforestonanunmarkedtrack”可知，此处讲先在便道上走，然后从没有标记的小路上切入（即驶入）雨林。故选A项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说：“你将在陡峭的便道上，然后在一条没有标记的小路上驶入雨林，有机会找到tagimoucia。那里有浓雾，而且一直在下雨。”A.forest森林；B.grass草；C.snow雪；D.fog雾。由常识，下文的“it’salwaysraining”和“inthemist(在薄雾中)”可知，雨林气候炎热，老下雨，会有浓雾，呼应下文的“gotlostinthecloud(在云雾中迷路了)”。故选D项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：往好了说，你找不到花。A.way路；B.water水；C.shelter庇护所；D.flower花。由上文讲作者寻找的花很稀有，“thisworstcasehadhappenedbefore(这种最糟糕的情况以前发生过)”和下文的“Justtwoweeksago,agroupofsevenlocalswentupwithoutaguideandgotlostinthecloud.Therewasasearch-and-rescuemission.(就在两周前，一个由七名当地人组成的小组在没有向导的情况下上去，在云雾中迷路了。当时有一次搜救任务)”可知，鉴于找花的艰难，好点情况是找不到花。故选D项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：往坏了说，会完全迷路。A.mad疯狂的；B.lost迷路的；C.exhausted筋疲力尽的；D.defeated被击败的。由上文讲作者寻找的花很稀有和下文的“Justtwoweeksago,agroupofsevenlocalswentupwithoutaguideandgotlostinthecloud.Therewasasearch-and-rescuemission.(就在两周前，一个由七名当地人组成的小组在没有向导的情况下上去，在云雾中迷路了。当时有一次搜救任务)”可知，鉴于找花的艰难，坏点情况是完全迷路了。故选B项。【28题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我问瓦戈尼，这种最糟糕的情况以前是否发生过。A.whether是否；B.how如何；C.when当……时候；D.why为什么。由下文的“hesaid ”可知，作者问瓦戈尼，这种最糟糕的情况以前是否发生过，瓦戈尼才会回答。故选A项。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“经常！”他说。A.Accidentally意外地；B.Basically大体上；C.Frequently频繁地、经常；D.Exactly确切地。由下文的“Justtwoweeksago,agroupofsevenlocalswentupwithoutaguideandgotlostinthecloud.(就在两周前，一个由七名当地人组成的小组在没有向导的情况下上去，在云雾中迷路了)”可知，对于会迷路这种最糟糕的情况，瓦戈尼给予了肯定的回答，“Frequently”符合文意，呼应上文讲没向导登山很愚蠢。故选C项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：真是一团糟！A.chance机会；B.shock震惊；C.schedule日程；D.mess混乱。由上文的“Justtwoweeksago,agroupofsevenlocalswentupwithoutaguideandgotlostinthecloud.Therewasasearch-and-rescuemission.(就在两周前，一个由七名当地人组成的小组在没有向导的情况下上去，在云雾中迷路了。当时有一次搜救任务)”可知，在雨林中寻找迷失的人，这真是一团乱。故选D项。【31题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：我徒步穿越了非洲最高的山峰乞力马扎罗山，到达了珠穆朗玛峰大本营。A.with用；B.to到、至；C.for为了；D.at在(某处)。由下文的“theEverestBaseCamp”可知，作者到达了珠穆朗玛峰大本营。故选B项。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我很快发现，塔韦尼的极端潮湿和小径的陡峭使攀登变得异常艰难。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Instead相反；D.Besides此外。由本处语境可知，该空与上文形成转折关系，用However。故选A项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我很快发现，塔韦尼的极端潮湿和小径的陡峭使攀登变得异常艰难。A.impressive给人印象深刻的；B.urgent紧急的；C.unique独特的；D.tough艰难的。由上文的“Taveuni’sextremehumidityandthetrail’ssteepness”，下文的“Ineededtostoptorestevery10minutes(我需要每10分钟停下来休息一次)”和“duckingunderfallentreesandclimbingoverotherobstacles(在倒下的树下躲避，爬过其他障碍物)”可知，攀登变得异常艰难。故选D项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，向导兴奋地指了指。A.excitement兴奋；B.interest兴趣；C.curiosity好奇心；D.fear恐惧。由下文的““Look!Thetagimoucia!”heshouted.(“看！tagimoucia！”他喊道)”可知，向导发现花了，此时应该很兴奋。故选A项。【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我简直不敢相信我们找到了它——我也什么也看不见，因为我的眼镜在薄雾中蒙上水汽。A.straightened变直；B.steamed蒙上水汽、蒙上汽雾；C.pushed推；D.broken打破。由上文的“Ialsocouldn’tseeathing”可知，作者看不见花是因为作者的眼镜在薄雾中蒙上水汽。故选B项。非选择题部分注意：将答案写在答题卷上。写在本试卷上无效。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheAncientCityofPingyao,originallynamed“GuTao”,____36____(construct)duringtheWesternZhouDynasty.Inordertodefendfrominvaders(入侵者),awallwasbuilt____37____thecityin1370.Morethan300yearslater,gatetowerswerebuilt____38____(celebrate)avisitbyKangxiEmperor.ThethreemosthistoricsitesinPingyao,oftenreferredtoasthecity’sThreeHistoricTreasures,____39____(be)theancientbrick-madecitywallandtheZhenguoandShuanglintemples.Thefirstofthesehistorictreasures,theancientcitywallis6,163meterslongandseparatesthecityintotwoparts—anoldcityenclosedwithinthewalls____40____thenewermodernsectionofthecity.Theoldtownstilllooksasit____41____(do)duringtheQingDynasty,withantiquestreetsandbuildingsalong____42____(age)roads.Walkingalongthealleyways,onecanappreciatethesymmetrical(对称的)designofthecityand____43____(it)stylishmanmade-cavehouses.Inthenortheastcornerofthecityisthesecondtreasure:ZhenguoTemple.ItsWanFoHallisthethirdoldestwoodenbuildinginChinaandhousesnumerous____44____(value)paintedsculptures.ThethirdtreasureisShuanglinTemple.BuiltduringtheQiDynasty,thetempleboastsmorethan2,000paintedclaystatues_____45_____werecreatedduringtheYuanandMingdynasties.【答案】36.wasconstructed37.around##round38.tocelebrate39.are40.and41.did42.aged43.its44.valuable45.that##which【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了平遥古城的三大历史瑰宝：古代砖砌城墙、镇国寺和双林寺。 【36题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：平遥古城原名“古陶”，始建于西周时期。结合时间状语duringtheWesternZhouDynasty，主语TheAncientCityofPingyao和谓语动词construct是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语单数形式。故填wasconstructed。【37题详解】考查介词。句意：为了抵御入侵者，1370年在城市周围修建了一堵墙。结合句意可知，此处使用介词around/round(围绕、在……周围)。故填around或round。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：300多年后，为了庆祝康熙皇帝的来访，人们建造了门楼。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填tocelebrate。【39题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：平遥最具历史意义的三处遗址，通常被称为该市的三大历史瑰宝，是古代砖砌城墙、镇国寺和双林寺。此处讲述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语ThethreemosthistoricsitesinPingyao复数，谓语复数形式。故填are。【40题详解】考查连词。句意：古城墙是这些历史瑰宝中的第一个，长6163米，将城市分为两部分：一部分是城墙内的古城，另一部分是城市中较新的现代部分。anoldcityenclosedwithinthewalls和thenewermodernsectionofthecity是并列关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。41题详解】考查动词时态。句意：这座古城看起来仍然和清朝时期一样，古老的街道和古老的道路上的建筑。结合时间状语duringtheQingDynasty可知，从句谓语动词应用一般过去时。故填did。【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：这座古城看起来仍然和清朝时期一样，古老的街道和古老的道路上的建筑。此处修饰名词roads，应用形容词aged，作定语。故填aged。【43题详解】考查代词。句意：沿着小巷行走，可以欣赏到城市对称的设计和它的雅致的人造洞穴房屋。此处应用形容词性物主代词its，指代“城市的”。故填its。【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：它的万佛殿是中国第三古老的木制建筑，里面有许多珍贵的彩绘雕塑。第三个宝藏是双林寺。此处修饰名词sculptures，应用形容词valuable，作定语。故填valuable。【45题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这座寺庙建于齐朝，拥有2000 多尊元明时期创作的彩绘泥塑雕像。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是paintedclaystatues，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that/which引导。故填that或which。