江苏省南通市如皋市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期3月月考试题（Word版附解析）

江苏省如皋中学2022-2023学年度高二年级第二学期教学考试(一)英语试题注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上指定位置，在其他位置作答一律无效。3．本卷满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheman’smainformofexercisenow?A.Running.B.Cycling.C.Swimming.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Howdoyoustayfit,David?M:Well,Iusedtoenjoyrunning,butafterhurtingmyknee,mydoctorsuggestedInotrunthatoften.SonowadaysImainlyswim.AndIdoquitelikegoingcyclingsometimes,though.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howwillthemanprobablycommunicatewiththecompanynextweek?A.Bymakingacall.B.Bywritingaletter.C.Bysendinganemail.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Haveyouheardanythingaboutthatofficejobyouappliedfor?M:No,butIonlysenttheletteraweekago.Iwouldn’texpectacallback,yet.I’llemailthecompany ifIhaven’theardanythingbynextweek.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whathappenedtotheman?A.Hecouldn’tfindthewaytothetoilet.B.Hisnewphonegotwet.C.Helostsomemoney.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Oh,no!Ijustdroppedmyphoneinthetoilet!I’vejustboughtitlastmonthanditcostme$899.W:Don’tworry.Mostphonesnowadayscansurviveabitofwater.Justdon’tturnitonagainuntilit’scompletelydry.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Planningajourney.B.Waitingforaplane.C.Bookingahotelroom.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Look…IfwechangeplanesinShanghai,we’llonlyhaveashortwaitforournextflight.W:Okay,great.Iwasworriedwe’dhavetospendthenightsleepingontheflooroftheairport!5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.SpringFestivalplans.B.Theman’snewhome.C.Ashoppinglistfortheholiday.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Iheardyou’vejustboughtyourfirstapartment?M:Yes!IfI’mlucky,IshouldbeabletomoveinbeforetheSpringFestival.W:Great!Itwillbefuntodecorateyourownplacefortheholiday.第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读 两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inaclassroom.B.Inanoffice.C.Inacafe.7.Whatwillthemandonextweek?A.Graduatefromuniversity.B.Attendajobinterview.C.Visitafactory.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】W:Acappuccinoformeandaregularcoffeeforyou,right?M:Yes,that’sright.W:Okay,weshallreceivethedeliveryin30minutes.So,Anderson,isthisyourfirstjob?M:Yeah.Igraduatedfromuniversitylastmonth.W:Wow,I’mveryimpressed.Areyouenjoyingworkingheresofar?M:Yes,definitely.Thisisareallyniceoffice.W:Yes,everyone’sprettyfriendly.M:I’mgoingtovisitthecompany’sfactorynextweek.W:Oh,great!Everybodydoesthatwhentheyfirststarthere.It’sveryinteresting,actually.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Howwillthewomanprobablygethometoday?A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Bycar.9.Whatistheweatherlikerightnow?A.Windy.B.Sunny.C.Rainy.10.Whoisinthewoman’spainting?A.Herbrother.B.Heraunt.C.Herself.【答案】8.A9.C10.B【解析】【原文】M:Hello!Idon’tusuallyseeyouatthebusstop.W:No!Usually,mybrotherdrivesmehome,buthe’sgotfootballpracticetoday.M:Isee!W:Icouldhavewalked,butI’mbringingmyartprojecthometodayandIdidn’twanttoriskgettingitwet.M:Probablywise!Theweatherhasbeencrazytoday,hasn’tit?W:Very!Onemomentwe’vehadbrightsunshine,thenext…It’sraining!M:It’sbecauseofthisstrongwind,Iguess.W:Probably! M:So,isthatyourartproject?It’sbig!W:Yes,it’sprobablythelargestpaintingI’veeverdone!M:CanIseeit?Oh,wow…It’sgreat!Who’sthewoman?W:Myaunt.Shewaskindenoughtobemymodel.M:Well,you’reverytalented.Ican’tdrawastraightlinewitharuler!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Howdoesthemansoundatfirst?A.Excited.B.Surprised.C.Sad.12.Whydoesn’tthewomanjointhetheaterclub?A.Shehasnotimeforpractice.B.Sheissufferingfromanillness.C.Shefeelstoonervoustoperform.13.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Tryoutfortheschoolbasketballteam.B.Writeaplayforthetheaterclub.C.Jointhecreativewritingclub.【答案】11.A12.C13.B【解析】【原文】W:Iheardyougottheleadingpartintheplayofthetheaterclubthisyear.Welldone!M:Thanks!I’mreallyexcitedaboutit!W:Iheardit’saratherseriouspart?M:Yes,mycharacterhasaterribleillnessanddiesintheend.W:That’ssosad!M:It’sdefinitelyachallenge.I’mmoreusedtoplayingfunnyroles!W:Idothinkyou’rebravetostandupthereinfrontofsomanypeople.Icouldneverdoit.I’mfartooshy!M:I’msureyoucould.It’sjustamatterofpractice.W:Well,IthinkI’llsticktothecreativewritingclubanyway!M:Ireallylikedthatlaststoryyouwrote,aboutthekidsonthebasketballteam.W:Ohyeah?M:Yeah,itwasreallyclever.Youhavealotoftalent,youknow.W:Well,thanks!M:Youshouldthinkaboutwritingaplayforustoperform,sometime.W:Hmm…That’sanidea!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers? A.Friends.B.Parentandchild.C.Sisterandbrother15.Whateventarethespeakersplanningtocelebrate?A.Awedding.B.Theirgraduationparty.C.Thewoman’sbirthday.16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofcelebratingbygoingouttodinner?A.Itcoststoomuchmoney.B.Itisn’tspecialenough.C.Itistoocrowded.17.Whatkindofbookwouldthewomanprobablyprefer?A.Historicalbooks.BSciencefiction.C.Scarystories【答案】14.A15.C16.B17.A【解析】【原文】M:Areyougoingtodoanythingspecialforyour18th?W:I’dliketo.Afterall,it’sthelastbirthdayI’llhavebeforewegraduate.M:Yes,that’strue!W:MyparentssaidIcouldhaveabigparty,butI’mnotsureIwantto.M:No?W:No.It’stooexpensive,andIdon’tlikebigcrowds.I’dratherjustinviteyouandtherestofourfriends.M:Fairenough.W:Wecouldgooutfordinner,butwedothattogetherallthetime.Iwanttodosomethingspecial.M:Whataboutanescaperoomexperience?W:Oh,youmeanthegamewhereyougetlockedintoaroomandhavetofigureouthowtogetout?M:Yeah!Mysisterdidonewithherfriendsjustbeforeherwedding.Shesaiditwasreallyfun!W:Interesting.M:Theirroomhadasciencelaboratorytheme,buttherearemanydifferenttypes.You’reabighistoryfan,somaybesomethingsetinthepast?W:Yes!Iwouldlovethataslongasit’snottooscary!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whendidthespeakergraduatefromuniversity?A.In2012.B.In2014.C.In2016.19.Howdidthespeakerfeelaboutherfirstjobinthebeginning?A.Dissatisfied.B.Excited.C.Proud. 20.Whatisthespeakerwritingaboutnow?A.Seriousnews.B.Environmentalissues.C.Thelatestclothesandmusic.【答案】18.C19.A20.B【解析】【原文】I’vealwayswantedtowrite.Atprimaryschool,Iwantedtowriteadventurestories.ButwhenIbecametheeditorofourhighschoolnewspaper,IdecidedthatIwantedtobecomeaseriousnewsreporter.In2012,IwenttoFudanUniversityandstudiedthereforfouryears.Igotagreatdegree,onlytofindthatmyfirstjobstillwasn’teasy.Thereisalotofcompetitioninthisindustry!Eventually,Igotapositionwritingforanonlinemagazineforteenagers.Itwasarelieftogetajob,butImustadmit,Iwasn’tveryexcitedatfirst.Ididn’twanttowriteaboutclothesandmusic.Iwantedtowriteabouttheenvironment!ButsoonIdiscoveredhowsmartandcaringtoday’steenagersare.WhenIsuggestedwritingareportaboutpollution,mybossencouragedmestraightaway.Inowwritearegularfeature(专题文章)abouttheenvironment,whichisverypopularwithourreaders.Nowadays,I’mproudtobeteachingyoungpeopleaboutgreenissues.Theyarethefutureofourplanet,afterall!第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A 1．ThewordSianmeans“thunderbolt”inthelocaldialectofBolognainItaly,whereLamborghinimakesitscars.2．LamborghiniteamedupwithresearchersatMITintheUStomakeasupercapacitorelectricmotorasapowersource.3．Thesupercapacitorisauniquefeature.Inthepast,electriccarshavebeencriticizedbecausetheirbatteriesemitchemicalsthatcauseharmtotheenvironmentwhenthey’redisposedof.Asupercapacitorstoresstaticelectricityplatesinsteadofusingonmetalchemicals.ThereisnoneedtochargetheSian’ssupercapacitorbecauseusingthebrakesdoesthatautomaticallyjob.4．ThenewSianownersusedLamborghini’sAdstudiotoPersonamthingslikecustomizematerials,paint,wheelsandseatcolours.5．LamborghiniannouncedtheSianFKP37Roadsterin2020.Itisaspecialconvertibleversionoftheoriginal.Company:HondaFounder:SoichiroHondaandTakeoFujisawaFounded:1946Firstcarproduced:1963(HondaT360)Country:JapanTop-sellingmodels:Accord,Civic,CR-VIn1922,aged15,SoichiroHondabegantoworkasamechanicinTokyo.Aged21,heopenedhisownauto-repairbusiness.Laterhefoundedacompanytomakepistonringsforengines,butoneofhisfactorieswasbombedinWorldWarⅡ,andanotherdestroyedinanearthquake.Hesoldthe remainsofhiscompanytoToyotaandusedthemoneytofoundhisHondaTechnicalResearchInstituteinOctober1946.Hondaisinvolvedinthemanufacturingofotherproductssuchasaircraft,mountainbikes,lawnequipmentandrobots.Itisalsooneoftheworld’sleadingmotorcyclemanufacturers.Infact,Hondaproducedtheirfirstmotorcycle—the1949DreamD-Type—beforetheirfirstcar.21.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Anadvertisingposter.B.Aresearcharticle.C.Aneducationbrochure.D.Amotormagazine.22.Accordingtothepassage,thesupercapacitorofLamborghiniis“unique”because.A.itisenvironmentallyfriendlyB.itsendsoutharmfulchemicalsC.ithasaspecialconvertibleversionD.itcanbecustomizedtotheneedsofowners23.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutHondaistrue?A.Hondastartedoutasabikecompany.B.DreamD-TypeisthefirstcarproducedbyHonda.C.WehaveseenbusinessexpansioninHondasinceitsestablishment.D.SoichiroHondafoundedhiscompanyeffortlesslythankstohisgoodfortune.【答案】21.D22.A23.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了兰博基尼和本田两个汽车公司的发展情况。【21题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章标题“Here,inMotorMad,wefeatureamazingcarsforyoutomarvelat.Weliftthebonnetonthenewest,coolestandfastestsupercars,hypercarsandEVshittingourroad.Startyouengines!(在这里，在《疯狂汽车》中，我们为你提供了令人惊叹的汽车。我们为最新、最酷、最快的超级跑车、超级跑车和电动汽车打开引擎盖。发动你的引擎！)”可推知，文章选自汽车杂志。故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第一部分“3．Thesupercapacitorisauniquefeature.Inthepast,electriccarshavebeencriticizedbecausetheirbatteriesemitchemicalsthatcauseharmtotheenvironmentwhenthey’redisposedof.Asupercapacitorstoresstaticelectricityplatesinsteadofusingonmetalchemicals.ThereisnoneedtochargetheSian’ssupercapacitorbecauseusingthebrakesdoesthatautomaticallyjob.(3.超级电容器是一个独特的特征。在过去，电动汽车一直受到批评，因为它们的电池在处理时释放出对环境有害的化学物质。超级电容器可以储存静电板，而不是用于金属化学品。没有必要给Sian的超级电容器充电，因为使用刹车会自动充电)”可知，兰博基尼的超级电容器是“独特的”，因为它是环保的。故选A。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段部分“Hondaisinvolvedinthemanufacturingofotherproductssuchasaircraft,mountainbikes,lawnequipmentandrobots.Itisalsooneoftheworld’sleadingmotorcyclemanufacturers.Infact,Hondaproducedtheirfirstmotorcycle—the1949DreamD-Type—beforetheirfirstcar.(本田还涉足飞机、山地自行车、草坪设备和机器人等其他产品的制造。它也是世界领先的摩托车制造商之一。事实上，本田在生产第一辆汽车之前就生产了他们的第一辆摩托车——1949年的梦想D型)”可知，C选项“自本田公司成立以来，我们看到了它的业务扩张”正确。故选C。BIlovemygasstove.There’snothingquitelikecookingoverthatbeautifulblueflame.Butinrecentyearsenvironmentalistshavebeenwarningthatgasstovesarebadfortheclimateandnotsogreatforourhealth,either.Twonewstudieshaveheightenedhealthworriesaboutharmfulgasesinourkitchens.Istheevidencesufficienttochangeourcookinghabits?Forme,theanswerisyes.Broadlyspeaking,therearetwocategoriesofconcerningemissionsrelatedtogasstoves.First,thereistheunburnednaturalgas,whichismorethan90percentmethane.Morethanthreequartersofmethanethatescapesfromastoveleaksintokitchenswhenitisnotinuse,mostlikelythroughimproperpipefittings.Methaneisnotpoisonous,butitisapowerfulgreenhousegas.With40milliongasstovesacrossourcountry,itisestimatedthattheheat-trappingpotentialofthemethanetheysendoutannuallycanroughlybecomparedtothecarbondioxidereleasedbyhalfamilliongas-poweredcars.Second,therearethepollutantscreatedbycombustionwhenaburnerison,mostnotably nitrogenoxides,whichcancausediscomfortandpaininthelungs.Inamatterofminutes,familieswhodonotusetheirexhausthoodsandwhohavesmall,poorlyventilatedkitchenscangoovertheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency’soutdoorexposurelimitfornitrogendioxide.Evenshortexposurestomuchnitrogendioxidecanworsensymptomsinpeoplewithrespiratoryconditions.Andthereisenoughevidencethatlong-termexposureraisestheriskofdevelopingasthma.Whatistheaveragehomecooktomakeofallthis?TheymighttakeacuefromMichanowicz,whoboughtaplug-incountertopinductionstoveanddoesmuchofhiscookingonthat$100item.Jackson,forhispart,isputtinghismoneywherehisresearchis:“I’mreplacingaperfectlygoodgasstove”withaninductionstove.SeveralU.S.citiesarecurtailingtheuseofnaturalgasinnewconstruction.Asforme,I’mmakingsomechanges.I’veswitchedtoanelectrickettleforboilingwater,anddespiteitsannoyingnoise,Inowusetheexhausthoodovermystove.Andweatherpermitting,I’llopenawindow.24.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbymentioningtwonewstudies?A.Shemightwellgetoutofhercookinghabits.B.Healthworriesareprovedbythetwostudies.C.It’snotforhertojudgedespitesufficientevidence.D.Shewillcontinuetocookwithherbelovedgasstove.25.Whatdoweknowaboutmethane?A.Methanecantestthedestructivepowerofgreenhousegas.B.Mostmethanewillleakintokitchenswhenastoveisnotinuse.C.Theleakageofmethaneintokitchensispossiblythroughimperfectpipefittings.D.Theheat-trappingpotentialofmethaneisequaltothecarbondioxidereleasedbycars.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“curtailing”meaninparagraph4?A.Guaranteeing.B.Limiting.C.Increasing.D.Embracing.27.Whichofthefollowingisthemostsuitablestructureofthetext?A.B.C.D.【答案】24.A25.C26.B27.C 【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了近年来，环保人士一直在警告说，煤气灶对气候有害，对我们的健康也不太好。两项新研究加剧了人们对厨房有害气体的健康担忧。对此作者决定放弃做饭。文章还说明了煤气灶的一些缺点。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Twonewstudieshaveheightenedhealthworriesaboutharmfulgasesinourkitchens.Istheevidencesufficienttochangeourcookinghabits?Forme,theanswerisyes.(两项新研究加剧了人们对厨房有害气体的健康担忧。这些证据足以改变我们的烹饪习惯吗？对我来说，答案是肯定的)”可推知，作者想通过提到两个新的研究来说明她很可能会改掉做饭的习惯。故选A。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Morethanthreequartersofmethanethatescapesfromastoveleaksintokitchenswhenitisnotinuse,mostlikelythroughimproperpipefittings.(超过四分之三的甲烷在炉子不使用时泄漏到厨房，最有可能是通过不合适的管件)”可知，甲烷泄漏到厨房可能是由于管件不完善。故选C。【26题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Jackson,forhispart,isputtinghismoneywherehisresearchis:“I’mreplacingaperfectlygoodgasstove”withaninductionstove.”以及后文“theuseofnaturalgasinnewconstruction”可知，杰克逊正在用电磁炉取代一个非常好的煤气炉，通过杰克逊的例子可推知美国几个城市正在限制新建筑中天然气的使用。故画线词意思是“限制”。故选B。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Twonewstudieshaveheightenedhealthworriesaboutharmfulgasesinourkitchens.Istheevidencesufficienttochangeourcookinghabits?Forme,theanswerisyes.(两项新研究加剧了人们对厨房有害气体的健康担忧。这些证据足以改变我们的烹饪习惯吗？对我来说，答案是肯定的)”可知，第一段为总起全文，指出新研究让作者决定不再做饭；第二段“Broadlyspeaking,therearetwocategoriesofconcerningemissionsrelatedtogasstoves.First,thereistheunburnednaturalgas,whichismorethan90percentmethane.(一般来说，与煤气灶有关的排放有两类。首先是未燃烧的天然气，其中90%以上是甲烷)”以及第三段“Second,therearethepollutantscreatedbycombustionwhenaburnerison,mostnotablynitrogenoxides,whichcancausediscomfortandpaininthelungs.(其次，当燃烧器打开时，燃烧会产生污染物，最明显的是氮氧化物，它会导致肺部不适和疼痛)”说明了两点煤气灶的缺点；第四段“Whatistheaveragehomecooktomakeofallthis?(普通家庭厨师是如何看待这一切的呢？)”和第五段“Asforme,I’mmakingsomechanges.( 至于我，我要做一些改变)”是其它家庭厨师和作者对此的看法，故可推知，C选项最符合文章结构。故选C。CScientistshavetransfused(输血)lab-maderedbloodcellsintoahumanvolunteerinaworld-firsttrialthatexpertssayhasmajorpotentialforpeoplewithhard-to-matchbloodtypesorconditionssuchassicklecelldisease.Theresearchcouldsomedaymeananendtolongsearchesforcompatibledonors(匹配的捐赠者)ordangeroustransfusionreactions.TheexperimentaltransfusionwasdoneatAddenbrooke’sHospitalinCambridge,England,aspartofajointeffortamongUKscientiststounderstandhowlab-madebloodtransfusionscouldwork.ThescientiststookwholebloodfromdonorsinaUKdatabaseandseparatedoutthestemcells.Thesearethebody’srawmaterials—thecellsfromwhichallspecializedcells,likearedbloodcell,cangenerate.Researchersgrewredbloodcellsfromthosestemcellsandtransfusedthemintotwohealthyvolunteers.Thetransfusionsinvolvedonlyatinyamountofblood:aboutoneortwoteaspoons.Astandardbloodtransfusionwouldinvolvemanyhundredtimesthatamount.Thisstageofthetrialinvolvestwominitransfusionsatleastfourmonthsapart,onewithastandarddonationofredcellsandtheotherwithlab-madecellsfromthesamedonor.Theresearchersarecloselymonitoringthevolunteerstodeterminewhethertheprocesswassafe.Theysaytherehavebeenwith“nounexpectedsideeffects”sofar.They’realsowatchinghowlongthelab-growncellslastcomparedwithaninfusionofstandardredbloodcells.Redbloodcellstypicallylastabout120days,butatransfusionfromastandarddonationcontainscellsthatareavarietyofagesbecausethebonemarrow(骨髓)continuouslymakesthesecells.Previoustestshaveshownthatmanufacturedcellsfunctionlikenormalcellsandthattheselab-madecellsarelikelytosurvivelongeroverallwhileincirculationThisstudywilldetermineforthefirsttimewhetherthat’strue.Furthertrialswillbenecessarytodeterminewhethertherecouldbeaclinicaluseofthislab-grownproduct.Theresearchcouldeventuallymakeadifferenceforpeoplewithsicklecelldisease,thosewho.developantibodiesagainstmostdonorbloodtypes,orthosewithgeneticdisordersinwhichtheirbodcan’tmakeredbloodcellsorthebloodcellstheymakedon’tworkwell.28.Whatisthepurposeoftheexperiment?A.Toseekouthard-to-matchbloodtypes.B.Toenddangeroustransfusionreactions.C.TopromoteclosecooperationamongUKscientists.D.Toknowhowtotransfuselab-grownbloodeffectively. 29.Whatdoweknowaboutthelab-madecells?A.Theytypicallylastaboutfourmonths.B.Theyweregrownfromredbloodcells.C.Theydidunexpectedlycausesomesideeffects.D.Theyweretransfusedintoavolunteerinlargeamounts.30.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstheresearch?A.Indifferent.B.Disapproving.C.Suspicious.D.Favourable.31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Lab-madecellsfunctionnormallyandarelikelytosurvivelongerincirculation.B.Lab-grownbloodcouldhaveenormouspotentialforpeoplewithrarebloodconditions.C.Longsearchesforcompatibledonorsanddangeroustransfusionreactionscanbeended.D.AnexperimentaltransfusionwasdoneatAddenbrooke’sHospitalinCambridge,England.【答案】28.D29.A30.D31.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述科学家们在世界上首次将实验室制造的红细胞输进一名人类志愿者体内，专家们认为这项试验对患有罕见血液病的人有巨大的潜力。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“TheexperimentaltransfusionwasdoneatAddenbrooke’sHospitalinCambridge,England,aspartofajointeffortamongUKscientiststounderstandhowlab-madebloodtransfusionscouldwork.(实验输血是在英国剑桥的阿登布鲁克医院进行的，这是英国科学家共同努力的一部分，目的是了解实验室制造的输血是如何工作的)”可知，这次实验的目的是了解如何有效地输入实验室培养的血液。故选D。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“They’realsowatchinghowlongthelab-growncellslastcomparedwithaninfusionofstandardredbloodcells.Redbloodcellstypicallylastabout120days(他们还在观察实验室培养的细胞与注入标准红细胞相比能维持多长时间。红细胞通常可以存活120天左右)”可知，实验室制造的细胞通常存活4个月。故选A。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Theresearchcouldsomedaymeananendtolongsearchesforcompatibledonors(匹配的捐赠者)ordangeroustransfusionreactions.(这项研究有一天可能意味着长期寻找合适的捐赠者或危险的输血反应的结束)”及最后一段中“Theresearchcouldeventuallymakeadifferenceforpeoplewithsicklecelldisease(这项研究最终可能会对镰状细胞病患者产生影响)”可知，作者认为这项研究意义重大，所以持支持态度。故选D。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Scientistshavetransfused(输血)lab-madered bloodcellsintoahumanvolunteerinaworld-firsttrialthatexpertssayhasmajorpotentialforpeoplewithhard-to-matchbloodtypesorconditionssuchassicklecelldisease.(科学家们在世界上首次将实验室制造的红细胞输进一名人类志愿者体内，专家们说，这项试验对患有难以匹配的血型或镰状细胞病等疾病的人具有很大的潜力)”可知，文章主要讲述科学家们在世界上首次将实验室制造的红细胞输进一名人类志愿者体内，专家们认为这项试验对患有罕见血液病的人有巨大的潜力。故选B。DAfter11years，ChinahasfinallycompleteditsTiangongspacestationwiththedocking(对接)itsMengtianlabmodule,establishingtheTiangongasthesecondoperationalspacestationapartfromtheUS-led,multinationalInternationalSpaceStation(ISS).OnNovember1,theMengtianlabmodule,thethirdandfinalpartofitsTiangongspacestationdockedwiththecoreTianhemodule13hoursafterbeinglaunched.Next,theTianheandMengtianmoduleswilldockwiththeWentianlabmodule,completingTiangong’sT-shapedbasicstructure.The17.88-meter-long,23-tonMengtianmoduleistheheaviestoperationalsingle-cabinactivespacecraftinorbit.Mengtianconsistsofaworkcabin,acargoairlockcabin,apayloadcabinandresourcecabin.Inaddition,ithaseightscientificexperimentcabinetsand37extravehicul.installationoptions,enablingmorein-cabinandout-cabinexperimentsinamicrogravityenvironmentMengtianalsocarriestheworld’sfirstspaceatomicclocksystem,consistingofahydrogenclock,rubidiumclockandanopticalclock.Itistheworld’smostaccuratetimeandfrequencysystem,buttosupportfundamentalphysicsresearch.OneofthemoreambitiousaimsofChina’sspaceprogramistopositionthecountryasaleadingproviderofspace-basedinternationalpublicgoodsandservices,suchasplanetarydefense.Lastmonth,AsiaTimesreportedaboutChina’splanstoconductitsfirstasteroiddeflectiontestin2025or2026.ChinahasalsotakenpioneeringstepsinMarsexploration.AgoodexampleisthecompletionofChina’sTianwen-1Marsmission,whichhasprovidedmediumandhigh-resolutionphotosoftheplanet’ssurface.ChinahasalsostatedthatitiswillingtosharescientificdatafromitsTianwen-lmissionatanappropriatetimeandthatscientistsarewelcometoapplyforresearchoverthedata.Moreover,Chinahasalsoannouncedplanstosendmentothemoon,pavingthepotentialwayforitsfuturesettlementandeconomicuse.AndChinaandRussiaplantoestablishapermanentmoonbaseby2027.Theproposedpermanentmoonbase,theInternationalLunarResearchStation(ILRS),isseenasanexperimentalcomplexdesignedformultiplescientificactivities.TheTiangongisopentoallUNmemberstates,withnineprojectsinvolving17countriesincludingKenya,Russia,Mexico,Japan,andPeru,alongside23entitiesselectedamongthefirstbatchofscientificexperimentstobecarriedonboardthestation.ReflectingChina’sopen-doorspacepolicy,theTiangongisdesignedtobe“inclusive”andadaptableforforeignastronauts. 32.WhatcanweinferabouttheMengtianmoduleaccordingtothetext?A.IthasdockedwiththeWentianlabmodule.B.ItisansignificantpartofTiangongspacestation.C.Itismadeupoffourscientificexperimentcabins.D.Itisheavierthanalltheothersingle-cabinspaceships.33.Whydidtheauthormention“China’splan”inparagraph4?A.Tomakeaprediction.B.Topresentafact.C.Toclarifyaconcept.D.Toexplainarule.34.HowwillChinaexplorethemoon?A.Bysendingmentothesettlementofthemoon.B.Byprovidingclearphotosoftheplanet’ssurface.C.BysharingscientificdatafromitsTianwen-1mission.D.Bysettingupamoonbaseformultiplescientificactivities.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.InternationalSpaceStationSuffersWearandTearB.SidebySide,ChinaWorkswithUNMemberStatesC.StepbyStep,ChinaFindsItsFootinginOuterSpaceD.TiangongSpaceStationIsEstablishedLittlebyLittle【答案】32.B33.B34.D35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文从梦天实验舱成功与天宫空间站对接入手，介绍了中国的太空计划和成就。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“OnNovember1,theMengtianlabmodule,thethirdandfinalpartofitsTiangongspacestationdockedwiththecoreTianhemodule13hoursafterbeinglaunched.(11月1日，天宫空间站的第三个也是最后一个部分梦天实验舱在发射13个小时后与天和核心舱对接)”以及“The17.88-meter-long,23-tonMengtianmoduleistheheaviestoperationalsingle-cabinactivespacecraftinorbit.(梦天实验舱长17.88米，重23吨，是目前在轨运行的最重的单舱现役航天器)”可知，梦天实验舱是天宫空间站的重要组成部分。故选B。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“AndChinaandRussiaplantoestablishapermanentmoonbaseby2027.(中国和俄罗斯计划在2027年之前建立一个永久的月球基地)”可推知，本段提及中国将要和俄罗斯一起建立一个永久的月球基地的计划是为了陈述事实。故选B。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“AndChinaandRussiaplantoestablishapermanentmoonbase by2027.Theproposedpermanentmoonbase,theInternationalLunarResearchStation(ILRS),isseenasanexperimentalcomplexdesignedformultiplescientificactivities.(中国和俄罗斯计划在2027年之前建立一个永久的月球基地。拟议中的永久月球基地国际月球研究站（ILRS）被视为一个用于多项科学活动的实验综合体)”可知，中国通过建立月球基地进行多项科学活动来探索月球。故选D。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“After11years,ChinahasfinallycompleteditsTiangongspacestationwiththedocking(对接)itsMengtianlabmodule,establishingtheTiangongasthesecondoperationalspacestationapartfromtheUS-led,multinationalInternationalSpaceStation(ISS).(经过11年的努力，中国终于完成了天宫空间站与梦天实验舱的对接，使天宫成为美国领导的多国国际空间站(ISS)之外的第二个运行空间站)”和第三段中“OneofthemoreambitiousaimsofChina’sspaceprogramistopositionthecountryasaleadingproviderofspace-basedinternationalpublicgoodsandservices,suchasplanetarydefense.(中国太空计划的一个更雄心勃勃的目标是将中国定位为国际天基公共产品和服务的领先提供者，例如行星防御)”以及第四段中“Moreover,Chinahasalsoannouncedplanstosendmentothemoon,pavingthepotentialwayforitsfuturesettlementandeconomicuse.AndChinaandRussiaplantoestablishapermanentmoonbaseby2027.(此外，中国还宣布了将人类送上月球的计划，为未来在月球定居和经济利用铺平了潜在道路。中国和俄罗斯计划在2027年之前建立一个永久的月球基地)”可知，本文从梦天实验舱成功与天宫空间站对接入手，介绍了中国的太空计划和成就。由此可知，项“中国在太空领域一步一步站稳脚跟”适合作为文章标题。故选C。第二节(共5小题：每小题25分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thisyear,everythingisgettingmoreexpensive.Thisiscalledinflation.Thewordinflationcomesfrominflate,whichmeans“togrowbig”.Forinstance,weinflateballoons.___36___Wheneveryonesuddenlywantsthesamething,itbecomesscarceandthepricegoesupbecausepeoplewillpaymoretogetit.Infact,inflationhasbeendescribedas“toomuchmoneychasingtoofewgoods”.___37___Duringthattime,peopleallovertheworldspentlittlemoney,becausetheywereforcedtostayhome.Fuelpricesdroppedbecausepeopleweren’treallygoinganywhere.Butnowthateverythingisgettingbacktonormalinmanycountries,peoplewanttogooutandmeetfriends,gettheirhairproperlycutandgenerallyspendmoneyagain.Sothedemandforgoodsandservicesisrisingrapidly.Infact,theworldhasbeenhitbyanumberofdrasticproblemsallcomingtogether,ranging fromthepandemictowartoclimatechange.Oilandgaspricesdroppedduringthepandemic,butnowhaveshotupagain.___38___Extremeweathereventsallovertheworldhavemadethingsmuchworse.Forexample,droughtsinChinaandCaliforniathreatenedhydropower,whileheavyrainfallandfloodinginSouthandSoutheastAsiadisruptedcoalminingincountrieslikeIndiaandChina.ThecostofcoffeeincreasedwhenBrazil—theworld’slargestproducer—hadapoorharvestafterseveredrought.___39___TheInternationalMonetaryFund(IMF)haswarnedthat2023couldbethe“darkesthour”fortheglobaleconomy:“Thethreelargesteconomies—theUnitedStates,ChinaandtheEuroarea—willcontinuetostall.Theworstisyettocome.”But,toendonahopefulnote,expertssaythatmanufacturingandtourismaregraduallyreboundinginMalaysia,ThailandandthePacificislandcountries.___40___A.TheCovid-19pandemicisthemaincause.B.Therefore,weshouldpreparefor“theworst”.C.Sowecanhope”theworst"canbeprevented.D.Inthecaseofmoney,inflationmeansthepriceofthingsisrising.E.Thereisalsoashortageofmaterialslikeplastic,concreteandsteel.F.Allofthishitsthepoorthehardest,andleadstofewergoodsbeingbought.G.ThewarinUkrainehasaffectedthesupplyofgastoEurope,asthismostlycomesfromRussia.【答案】36.D37.A38.G39.F40.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是通货膨胀，导致通货膨胀的原因以及通货膨胀的影响。【36题详解】根据上文“Thisyear,everythingisgettingmoreexpensive.Thisiscalledinflation.Thewordinflationcomesfrominflate,whichmeans“togrowbig”.Forinstance,weinflateballoons.(今年，所有东西都越来越贵了。这被称为通货膨胀。通货膨胀一词来源于inflation，意为“膨胀”。例如，我们给气球充气)”可知，本句承接上文，继续就通货膨胀进行举例说明。故D选项“以货币为例，通货膨胀意味着东西的价格在上涨”符合语境，故选D。【37题详解】根据后文“Duringthattime,peopleallovertheworldspentlittlemoney,becausetheywereforcedtostayhome.Fuelpricesdroppedbecausepeopleweren’treallygoinganywhere.Butnowthateverythingisgettingbacktonormalinmanycountries,peoplewanttogooutandmeetfriends,gettheirhairproperlycutandgenerallyspendmoneyagain.Sothedemandforgoodsandservicesisrisingrapidly.( 在那段时间里，世界各地的人们几乎不花钱，因为他们被迫呆在家里。燃料价格下降是因为人们没有真正去任何地方。但现在在许多国家，一切都恢复了正常，人们想出去见朋友，理理头发，通常又开始花钱了。因此，对商品和服务的需求正在迅速增长)”可知，本句是在说明导致通货膨胀的第一个原因，后文提到被迫呆在家里，可见是因为疫情。故A选项“Covid-19大流行是主要原因”符合语境，故选A。【38题详解】根据上文“Infact,theworldhasbeenhitbyanumberofdrasticproblemsallcomingtogether,rangingfromthepandemictowartoclimatechange.Oilandgaspricesdroppedduringthepandemic,butnowhaveshotupagain.(事实上，从大流行到战争再到气候变化，世界受到了一系列严重问题的冲击。石油和天然气价格在大流行期间有所下降，但现在已经再次飙升)”以及后文“Extremeweathereventsallovertheworldhavemadethingsmuchworse.(世界各地的极端天气事件使情况变得更糟)”可知，本句与后文并列都是在说明导致石油天然气价格飙升的原因。故G选项“乌克兰战争影响了对欧洲的天然气供应，因为这些天然气主要来自俄罗斯”符合语境，故选G。【39题详解】根据上文“Forexample,droughtsinChinaandCaliforniathreatenedhydropower,whileheavyrainfallandfloodinginSouthandSoutheastAsiadisruptedcoalminingincountrieslikeIndiaandChina.ThecostofcoffeeincreasedwhenBrazil—theworld’slargestproducer—hadapoorharvestafterseveredrought.(例如，中国和加州干旱威胁到了水力发电，而南亚和东南亚的强降雨和洪水则扰乱了印度和中国等国的煤矿开采。当世界上最大的咖啡生产国巴西在严重干旱后收成不佳时，咖啡价格上涨)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，应说明上文这些物品价格所带来的影响：所有这些对穷人的打击最大，导致人们购买的商品减少。故F选项“所有这些对穷人的打击最大，导致人们购买的商品减少”符合语境，故选F。【40题详解】根据上文“TheInternationalMonetaryFund(IMF)haswarnedthat2023couldbethe“darkesthour”fortheglobaleconomy:“Thethreelargesteconomies—theUnitedStates,ChinaandtheEuroarea—willcontinuetostall.Theworstisyettocome.”But,toendonahopefulnote,expertssaythatmanufacturingandtourismaregraduallyreboundinginMalaysia,ThailandandthePacificislandcountries.(国际货币基金组织(IMF)警告称，2023年可能是全球经济“最黑暗的时刻”：“三大经济体——美国、中国和欧元区——将继续停滞不前。最糟糕的还在后面。”不过，专家们说，马来西亚、泰国和太平洋岛国的制造业和旅游业正在逐渐复苏，这也给人们带来了希望)”可知，上文提到了“马来西亚、泰国和太平洋岛国的制造业和旅游业正在逐渐复苏，这也给人们带来了希望”，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出这些希望可以让最坏的情况被避免。故C选项“所以我们可以希望“最坏的情况”可以避免”符合语境，故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Chimpanzeescanmaketools,theydisplayemotions,andtheycandefeathumansatcertainmemorygames.Butchimpsalsoresembleusinanotherway—theyuse___41___.They’reknowntoeattoughleavesandbitterplantsto___42___parasites(寄生虫)fromtheirguts(肠道).Nowresearchershaveobservedchimpsusinganever-before-seentypeof___43___—theygrabbedflyinginsects,and___44___themtotheirwounds.Youcanseethishappeninginavideo___45___atLoangoNationalPark,inCentralAfrica.SimonePikaisacognitivebiologistattheUniversityofOsnabrück,inGermany,andpartoftheteamthatstudiesthese___46___.Shesaysit’spossibletheinsectshaveantibacterialorsoothingqualities—butthiscouldalsobeacultural___47___withnomedicalbenefitatall.Maybeanindividualjustfoundoutthatit’sveryinteresting—Igetalotofattention,otherscome,Igetsomegrooming…andsoitjust___48___asocialbehavior.Afterall,Pikapointsoutthathumansperformplentyofrituals(仪式),withnoobvious___49___.Herteambelievesthiscouldbean___50___ofwhat’scalled“prosocialbehavior”.Theyhelpeachotherandit’snotjustamotherhelpingheroffspringandit’snotsomebodyhelpingsomebodytoincreasegeneticbenefits,butit’salsoindividualswhoarenot___51___toeachother.Asforthoseinsects?Theteamhasnotyet___52___anyremainsbecauseit’s___53___pieces.Butnowtheyhaveanideaofhowtofindevensmallestremains,andthentherearealso___54___toidentifythespecies.Iftheydo—they’llbeabletolearnmoreaboutwhatfunctionthispracticemighthave,ifany.Andperhapswehumanswillbeabletolearnsomemedicinal___55___fromourprimatecousins.41.A.medicineB.toolsC.plantsD.minerals42.A.preserveB.discourageC.removeD.ban43.A.principleB.initiativeC.agendaD.treatment44.A.comparedB.showedC.appliedD.shifted45.A.assessedB.filmedC.reservedD.submitted46.A.insectsB.woundsC.qualitiesD.chimps47.A.practiceB.guidanceC.diversityD.division48.A.anchoredinB.resultedinC.conflictedwithD.cooperatedwith49.A.expansionB.outcomeC.functionD.fault50.A.opportunityB.expenseC.originD.example51A.relatedB.devotedC.exposedD.opposed 52.A.interruptedB.ruinedC.identifiedD.suspected53.A.mightyB.tinyC.superbD.incredible54.A.techniquesB.signalsC.assignmentsD.principles55.A.incidentsB.tricksC.bonusesD.consultations【答案】41.A42.C43.D44.C45.B46.D47.A48.B49.C50.D51.A52.C53.B54.A55.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了黑猩猩也会使用药物，研究人员观察到黑猩猩使用了一种从未见过的治疗方法——捕捉飞虫，并将它们敷在伤口上。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但黑猩猩在另一方面也与我们相似——它们会用药。A.medicine药物；B.tools工具；C.plants植物；D.minerals矿物。后文“They’reknowntoeattoughleavesandbitterplantsto”提到黑猩猩吃坚硬的叶子和苦味植物，以清除肠道中的寄生虫，可见它们也会用药。故选A。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：众所周知，它们吃坚硬的叶子和苦味植物，以清除肠道中的寄生虫。A.preserve保护；B.discourage使灰心；C.remove去除；D.ban禁止。根据后文“parasitesfromtheirguts”可知，吃坚硬的叶子和苦味植物，以清除肠道中的寄生虫。故选C。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，研究人员观察到黑猩猩使用了一种从未见过的治疗方法——捕捉飞虫，并将它们敷在伤口上。A.principle原则；B.initiative措施；C.agenda日程；D.treatment治疗。根据后文“themtotheirwounds”可知，抓虫子是为了治疗伤口。故选D。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，研究人员观察到黑猩猩使用了一种从未见过的治疗方法——捕捉飞虫，并将它们敷在伤口上。A.compared比较；B.showed展示；C.applied敷；D.shifted转换。根据后文“themtotheirwounds”可知，黑猩猩捕捉飞虫，并将它们敷在伤口上，此处apply表示“敷”。故选C。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以在中非卢安戈国家公园拍摄的一段视频中看到这一点。 A.assessed评估；B.filmed拍摄；C.reserved预定；D.submitted提交。根据上文“Youcanseethishappeninginavideo”可知，这里指视频的拍摄，应用film。故选B。【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：西蒙·皮卡是德国Osnabrück大学的认知生物学家，也是研究这些黑猩猩的团队成员。A.insects昆虫；B.wounds伤口；C.qualities质量；D.chimps黑猩猩。根据第二段中“Nowresearchershaveobservedchimps”可知，研究的是黑猩猩。故选D。【47题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说，这种昆虫有可能具有抗菌或舒缓的特性，但这也可能是一种文化实践，根本没有医学上的好处。A.practice实践；B.guidance指导；C.diversity多样化；D.division分开。后文“humansperformplentyofrituals”提到了人类进行了大量的仪式，将此与黑猩猩的行为相比较，说明黑猩猩的行为也可能是一种文化实践，故选A。【48题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：也许一个人只是发现这很有趣——我得到了很多关注，其他人来了，我得到了一些梳理……所以这只是导致了一种社会行为。A.anchoredin固定；B.resultedin导致；C.conflictedwith冲突；D.cooperatedwith合作。根据后文“asocialbehavior”可知，SimonePika得到了很多关注，其他人来了，SimonePika得到了一些梳理，所以这只是导致了一种社会行为。故选B。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，皮卡指出，人类进行了大量的仪式，但没有明显的功能。A.expansion扩大；B.outcome结果；C.function功能；D.fault错误。根据上文“Pikapointsoutthathumansperformplentyofrituals,withnoobvious”可知，人类进行了大量的仪式，但没有明显的功能。故选C。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的团队认为这可能是所谓的“亲社会行为”的一个例子。A.opportunity机会；B.expense花费；C.origin起源；D.example例子。根据后文“ofwhat’scalled“prosocialbehavior””可知，这是所谓的“亲社会行为”的一个例子。故选D。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们互相帮助，这不仅仅是母亲帮助她的后代，也不仅仅是某人帮助另一个人来增加基因利益，也包括彼此之间没有血缘关系的个体。A.related联系；B.devoted奉献；C.exposed暴露；D.opposed反对。根据上文“it’snotsomebodyhelpingsomebodytoincreasegeneticbenefits,butit’salsoindividualswhoarenot”可知，黑猩猩不仅帮助自己的后代，也帮助没有血缘关系的黑猩猩。故选A。 【52题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：该团队尚未确认任何遗骸，因为它们都是微小的碎片。A.interrupted打断；B.ruined毁灭；C.identified识别，确认；D.suspected怀疑。根据后文“toidentifythespecies”可知，确认这种昆虫的遗骸，故选C。【53题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该团队尚未确认任何遗骸，因为它们都是微小的碎片。A.mighty强大的；B.tiny微小的；C.superb极佳的；D.incredible难以置信的。呼应后文“findevensmallestremains”，此处指碎片很小。故选B。【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但现在他们已经知道如何找到哪怕是最小的遗骸，而且也有了识别物种的技术。A.techniques技术；B.signals信号；C.assignments作业；D.principles原则。根据后文“toidentifythespecies”可知，此处指识别物种的技术。故选A。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许我们人类将能够从我们的灵长类表亲那里学到一些药用的技巧。A.incidents事件；B.tricks技巧；C.bonuses好处；D.consultations咨询。根据上文“Iftheydo—they’llbeabletolearnmoreaboutwhatfunctionthispracticemighthave,ifany.(如果他们这样做了——他们就能更多地了解这种做法可能有什么功能，如果有的话)”可知，也许我们人类将能够从我们的灵长类表亲那里学到一些药用的技巧。故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheBookofChanges,orZhouyiinChinese,isoneoftheancientChineseclassicswith___56___(emphasize)ontheessentialnatureofchanges.ItisbelievedthatZhouyioriginatedfromFuxi,andfurthersublimedbyConfuciusandhisdisciples(门徒).LegendgoesthatKingWenofZhouwasaverywiseandableking,whoattractedmanylike-mindedpeople___57___(join)him.SohewasenviedbythetyrannicalkingoftheShangDynasty,whoputhimintoprison.Duringthissevenyearsofhardtime,KingWenofZhou___58___(insist)onstudyingtruthleftbyFuxiandcreatedZhouyi___59___virtueofhispersistentspirit.Inancienttimes,people___60___(awe)bynaturaldisastersoraccidentsfor“unknownreasons.”SotheyalwaysreferredtoZhouyitoexplainthesecomplexphenomena.Whendivining,theyalsoturnedtotheauguries(占卜)___61___(describe)inZhouyiforinspiration.ThediscoveryofoneoftheearliestcopiesofZhouyiin1973provedConfucius’scontributiontoZhouyi,___62___thefactthatZhouyiismuchmorevaluablethanjust___63___bookfordivination.Accordingtotraditions,ConfuciusandhisdisciplesmadegreateffortstocompileandinterpretthebookincommentariesknownastheTenWings,___64___madeuptheotherpartof Zhouyi.TheTenWingsmadeZhouyimuch____65____(easy)forordinarypeopleatthetimetounderstandandarestillusedtoday.【答案】56.emphasis57.tojoin58.insisted59.by##in60.wereawed61.described62.and63.a64.which65.easier【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国著作《周易》的诞生以及其重要作用。【56题详解】考查名词。句意：《周易》是中国古代强调变化本质的经典著作之一。作介词的宾语，应用名词emphasis。故填emphasis。【57题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：传说周文王是一位非常聪明和能干的国王，他吸引了许多志同道合的人加入他的行列。短语attractsb.todosth.表示“吸引某人做某事”，故填tojoin。【58题详解】考查时态。句意：在这艰难的七年里，周文王坚持学习伏羲留下的真理，并以他坚持不懈的精神创作了《周易》。根据后文andcreated可知为一般过去时。故填insisted。【59题详解】考查介词。句意：在这艰难的七年里，周文王坚持学习伏羲留下的真理，并以他坚持不懈的精神创作了《周易》。短语by/invirtueof表示“由于，凭借”。故填by/in。【60题详解】考查时态语态。句意：在古代，人们对“不明原因”的自然灾害或事故感到敬畏。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文Inancienttimes可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为people，谓语用复数。故填wereawed。【61题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在占卜的时候，他们也会从《周易》里的预言中寻找灵感。分析句子结构可知describe与逻辑主语auguries构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填described。【62题详解】考查连词。句意：1973年发现的最早的《周易》副本之一证明了孔子对《周易》的贡献，以及《周易》不仅仅是一本占卜书的价值。结合前后文可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 【63题详解】考查冠词。句意：1973年发现的最早的《周易》副本之一证明了孔子对《周易》的贡献，以及《周易》不仅仅是一本占卜书的价值。book为可数名词，此处为泛指且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。【64题详解】考查定语从句。句意：根据传统，孔子和他的弟子们花了很大的努力来编辑和解释这本书，被称为《十翼》，这构成了《周易》的另一部分。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词theTenWings，在从句作主语，指物。故填which。【65题详解】考查比较级。句意：《十翼》使当时的普通人更容易理解周易，至今仍在使用。根据上文much以及句意“更容易”可知应填比较级easier。故填easier。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)66.假定你是学生会主席，学校将举行以“成长”为主题的倡议活动，请代表学生会给全体同学写一封倡议书，内容如下：1.活动意义；2.提出倡议；3.表达期待。注意：1.词数80字左右；2.可适当添加细节，以使行文连贯。Dearfellowstudents,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Dearfellowstudents,OnbehalfofSchoolStudents’Union,Icallonallofmyfellowstudentstodowhatwecantobecomewell-rounded.Firstly,weshoulddevelopapositiveattitudetolife.Lifeconsistsofnotonlyhappymomentsbutalsohardtimes.Weshouldbebravewhenfacingdifficulties.Secondly,wemuststudyhardbecauseknowledgeispower.Ifwehavethepower,wecanhelptobuildourcountryandenjoylifebetter.Whatweoughttodo,ofcourse,goesfarbeyondourstudies.Weshouldtakeresponsibilityinallaspectsofoureverydaylife.Ifwedothosethingswell,wewillbeabletoexperienceanenjoyableandrewardingteenagelife.It’stimeforustotakeaction. 【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就学校将举行的以“成长”为主题的倡议活动代表学生会给全体同学写一封倡议书。【详解】1.词汇积累代表：onbehalfof→represent呼吁：callon→appealto由……组成：consistof→bemadeupof日常的：everyday→daily2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：Firstly,weshoulddevelopapositiveattitudetolife.Lifeconsistsofnotonlyhappymomentsbutalsohardtimes.拓展句：Firstly,weshoulddevelopapositiveattitudetolife,whichconsistsofnotonlyhappymomentsbutalsohardtimes.【点睛】【高分句型1】Secondly,wemuststudyhardbecauseknowledgeispower.（运用了because引导原因状语从句）【高分句型2】Ifwehavethepower,wecanhelptobuildourcountryandenjoylifebetter.（运用了if引导条件状语从句）【高分句型3】Whatweoughttodo,ofcourse,goesfarbeyondourstudies.（运用了what引导主语从句）第二节(满分25分)67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。IsupposeeveryonehasaparticularchildhoodChristmasthatstandsoutmorethananyother.Forme,itwastheyearthattheBurlingtonfactorycloseddown.SmallchildasIwas,theeventsofthatChristmaswillliveforeverinmyheart.Myfather,whohadbeenemployedatBurlington,never,letusknowthatwewerehavingfinancialdifficulties.Weknewonlythatourdaddy,whousuallyworkedlong,difficulthours,wasnowhomemorethanwehadeverremembered.Mama,ahomemaker,nowsoughtworkinthelocaltextilemills,butjobswerescarce.Therefore,daddy’sunemploymentcheckwouldnowbeourfamily’sonlysourceofincome.Idon’tknowforsurehowtheymanaged,butsomehowtheydid.TheymadesuretheyscrapedtogetherenoughmoneytobuyeachofusaBarbiedoll.Fortherestofourpresents,theywouldrelyontheirtalents,usingwastematerialstheyalreadyhad.Whiledarkroughhandssawed,hammeredandpainted,flexiblefingersfeddressafterdress afterdressintothesewingmachine.Barbie-sizedclothesforeveryimaginableoccasionpushedforwardfromtheoldmachine.Wherewewerewhileallofthiswastakingplace,Ihavenoidea.Butsomehowmyparentsfoundtimetopourthemselvesintoourgifts,andtheexcitementofChristmaswasonceagainbornfortheentirefamily.ThatChristmasEve,thesunwasjustsettingoverthedistanthorizonwhenIheardtheroarofanunexpectedmotorinthedriveway.Lookingoutside,Icouldhardlybelievemyeyes.AuntCharleneandUncleBuckhaddrivenallthewayfromGeorgiatosurpriseus.Packedtightlyintheircar,asthoughnoairwasneeded,satmythreecousins.Ialsocouldn’thelpbutnoticemanygiftsforallofus,allneatlypackagedandtiedwithbeautifulbows.TheyhadknownthatitwouldbeadifficultChristmas,andtheyhadcometohelp.ThenextmorningweawoketomoregiftsthanIevercouldhaveimagined—mountainsofgiftsamongallthatexcitementandlaughter.注意：1．所需词数应为150左右;2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Daddydecidednottogiveushisgifts.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TheywerewoodenboxesthatcanbeusedasahousetostoreaBarbiedoll.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】范文Daddydecidednottogiveushisgifts.Therewasnoreasonforhimtogiveusthosehand-madegifts.Theywererusticandsimplecomparedwiththestore-boughtgiftsthatAuntandUnclehadbought.Althoughthemusicoflaughterfilledthemorning,weneversuspectedthat,hiddensomewhere,weeachhadanothergift.WhenMamaaskedDaddyaboutthegifts,heconfidedhisfeelings,butMamainsistedhegiveusourgifts.Andso,aftertheguestshadgone,Daddyreluctantlybroughthisgiftsoflovetothelivingroom.TheywerewoodenboxesthatcouldbeusedasahousetostoreaBarbiedoll.ThoughIdon’treallyrememberanyoftheothergiftsIgotthatday,thoseboxesareetchedintomymind.Iremembereverydetailofthem.Ihavelivedandlovedtwenty-nineChristmases,eachbringinggifts,cherishedandlongedfor.Butfewofthosegiftscanbecomparedwiththosesimplewoodenboxes.SoitisnowonderthatIgetteary-eyedwhenIthinkofmyfather,standingthereonthatcoldChristmasmorning,wonderingifhisgiftwasgoodenough.Love,Daddy,isalwaysgood enough.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者小时候家里经济困难，但是父亲并没有说，爸爸的失业支票是家唯一的收入来源。最后在圣诞节，作者的亲戚都来到作者家里，还带来了很多礼物。父亲在亲戚都离开后，还是把亲手做的礼物送给了孩子们。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“爸爸决定不给我们他的礼物了。”可知，第一段可描写父亲不送礼物的原因以及最后还是送了礼物的经过。②由第二段首句内容“它们是可以用作房子来存放芭比娃娃的木箱。”可知，第二段可描写这些礼物带给作者的感受。2.续写线索：不送礼物——吐露感受——离开送礼——印象深刻——对父爱感悟3.词汇激活行为类渴望：longfor/yearnfor倾诉：confide/pourout离开：go/leave情绪类不情愿：reluctantly/unwillingly含泪：teary-eyed/tearful【点睛】[高分句型1]Andso,aftertheguestshadgone,Daddyreluctantlybroughthisgiftsoflovetothelivingroom.(运用了after引导时间状语从句)[高分句型2]Althoughthemusicoflaughterfilledthemorning,weneversuspectedthat,hiddensomewhere,weeachhadanothergift.(运用了although引导让步状语从句)