初中英语中考复习一词多性和一词多义（填词考点）

中考英语一词多性和一词多义一、一词多性英语中，有些词有多个词性，比如mistake这个词，既可以作名词，又可以作动词。对于一词多性现象，又分为语义一致（即词性虽不同，但语义相同，如mistake，作名词，意为“错误”，作动词，意为“犯错误”）和语义不一致（即在不同的词性下，语义不同，如like，作动词，意为“喜欢”，而作介词，意为“像”）两种情况。1.词性不同，语义一致Namen 名字v 命名Givenwords:importance,decision,mistake,himself,breathe,write,lie,name,trouble,howeverIhaveafriend named (作动词用：命名) Ralston.Plann 计划v 做计划Givenwords:save,advice,agree,language,just,plan,ride,unbelievable,from,encourage,peacefulDon’t plan (作动词用：做计划) everything.Reportv 作报告n 报告Givenwords:happen,important,find,first,different,angry,report,with,excited,before,groupAfterfinishinganexperiment,wehadtowritealab report (作名词用：报告).2.词性不同，语义不一致Likev 喜欢prep 像Givenwords:important,disabled,cheer,like,specially,send,deaf,difference,show,because,forYourdonationisgreatlyappreciatedandthemoneyiswellusedtohelpdisabledpeople like (作介词用：像) me.Kidn 小孩v 开玩笑Givenwords:suddenly,kid,asleep,begin,first,neighbor,silence,strange,window,surprised,lookYou’re kidding (kid作动词用：开玩笑).Watchv 看 n 手表Givenwords:still,watch,we,have,wake,teach,interesting,eye,when,lucky“You’reright,”saidHelen,lookingather watch (作名词用：手表).Breakv 打破，破坏n 休息Givenwords:break,lie,hurt,hit,control,rock,risk,important,climb,bloodThedoctorsaiditwasnotserious,butheneededtolieinbedandtook breaks (作名词用：休息) forafewdays.二、一词多义英语中，有些词有多个语义，如order，有“命令”“订单”“顺序”等语义。Sinceconj 既然，因为；自从Givenwords:be,like,since,hardly,independence,2 do,helpful,chores,themselves,sweep,tidyShehaslivedwithhermotherandyoungersisterJenny since (意为“自从”的用法) herfatherwenttoworkinanothercountrytwoyearsago.Timen 时间；次数；倍数Givenwords:time,like,main,famous,sleep,around,because,crowd,special,camera,seemTogetherthey’vebeenfoundinalocalmarketquiteafew times (意为“次数”的用法).Standv 站立；忍受Givenwords:true,but,use,know,understanding,advice,stand,quiet,wonder,read,pointIbecamesoangrythatIcouldn’t stand (意为“忍受”的用法) heratlast.Tellv 告诉；辨别Givenwords:although,tourist,shout,enough,also,easy,how,protect,tell,ancient,achievementTheykeptwatchingtheenemiesinthewatchtowersandmadefireonthetowers to tell (意为“辨认”的用法) eachotherwhentheenemiescame.Growv 成长；种植Givenwords:outside,sheep,water,useful,depend,enough,friendly,grow,carry,from,whenPeople grow (意为“种植”的用法) allkindsofcropsinthefieldsthere.三、一词多性且多义1.多个词性用法，且同一词性下，有多个语义。Whileconj 与此同时，当…时候；而，然而n 一会儿；一段时间Givenwords:why,spend,around,owner,repeat,say,similar,call,try,smart,whileWhile (作连词用，表转折，意为“而，然而”) ahumanownerusuallycan’tlearnabird’slanguage,thebird,instead,triestolearnthelanguageofitsowner.Givenwords:beautiful,owner,find,toy,part,less,honest,while,is,cents,expensiveIlookedatitfora(n) while (作名词用：一会儿).2.多个语义用法，且同一语义下，有多个词性。Liev 撒谎；n 谎言v 躺下Givenwords:importance,decision,mistake,himself,breathe,write,lie,name,trouble,howeverTheman lay (lie的过去式，意为“躺下”的用法)downonthebedandDoctorRalstonlookedoverhimcarefully.Workv 工作；n 工作n 作品Givenwords:because,beautiful,further,send,hot,including,special,successfully,make,study,workHis works (意为“作品”的用法) areoftenchosenastextbooksforforeignlanguagelearners.2