浙江省温州市2022-2023学年高一英语上学期期中考试试卷（Word版附解析）

2022学年第一学期温州十校联合体期中联考高一年级英语试题考生须知：1.本卷共8页满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字。3.所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，只需上交答题纸。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)选择题部分第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Borrowabike.B.Findherpen.C.Buyabook.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Sisterandbrother.B.Husbandandwife.C.Teacherandstudent.3.Whenwillthetrainleave?A.At10:00.B.At10:10.C.At10:30.4.Whatisthemanbestat?A.Basketball.B.Ping-pong.C.Football.5.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inahotel.B.Atanairport.C.Inapostoffice.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Atastore.C.Atschool.7.Howwillthegirlfindoutwhatsheneedstobuy?A.Shewillaskherteacher.B.Shewillgoonline.C.Shewillaskherfriend.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.HowdoesJoteachEnglish?A.OnTV.B.OntheInternet.C.Throughtheradio.9.WheredidJotravelaroundforayear?A.TheUK.B.Australia.C.Europe.10.WhatchangedJo’splaninLondon?A.Shegotaninterestingjob.B.Shemadelotsofnewfriends.C.Shewasattractedbythelocalculture.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhendothespeakershavetheP.E.class?A.OnTuesday.B.OnWednesday.C.OnThursday.12.WhydoesLilywanttojointhereadingclub?A.Tosharehappiness.BTolearnsomethingnew.C.Tohaveinterestingexperiences.13.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Classes.B.Clubs.C.Schoollife.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.HowdoesNancyfeelatfirst?A.Anxious.B.Confused.C.Excited. 15.WhydoesDanielmentionhisperformanceinaplay?A.TocomfortNancy.B.Toexpresshisregret.C.Toshowhispride.16.WhatisNancygoingtodonextweek?A.Takeaschooltest.B.Haveacheck-up.C.Goinforacompetition.17.WhatdoesDanieloffertodoforNancy?A.Rewriteherlines.B.Helpherwiththepractice.C.Drivehertothetheatre.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Howmanytipsdoesthespeakeroffer?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.19.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestthehighschoolstudentsdo?A.Readnewspapers.B.Watchthenews.C.Writebookreports.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.TheuseofEnglishnewspapers.B.ThebeautyoftheEnglishlanguage.C.Thewaystoimprovelanguageskills.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。ABest4CyclingtoursinLondonAsyouwhizz(飞速行驶)pastthesightswiththewindinyourhair,you’lldiscoverthatcyclingisoneofthebestwaystoseethecity.ReadontofindoutaboutthebestcyclingtoursinLondon.BrakeAwayBikeToursRideonnicebikesalongsidelocaltourguideswithBrakeAwayBikeTours.GettoknowLondonlikeatrueLondoneronasecretLondoncyclingtourorvisitallthemust-seesightsandattractionsonagrandLondonbiketour.TallyHo!CycleToursDiscoverLondon’smostfamousspotsandhiddenwonderswithTallyHo!CycleTours.Jump onatraditionalbicycle,andexploreallthatLondonhastoofferonafun,family-friendlyride.BlueBadgeTouristGuides’cyclingtoursExploreLondonontwowheelsandlearnallaboutitshistory,hiddenculturesandsecretswithatrainedBlueBadgeTouristGuide.FrommarketsandgalleriestoRoyalParksandfamousfilmlocations,pickathemeandjoinagrouporprivatecyclingtourtoremember!LondonBicycleTourCompany’scyclingtoursGoonarelaxingbikeridealongtheThamesriverpathandRoyalParkswiththeLondonBicycleTourCompany.Toursareavailableinvariouslanguageswithexperiencedguides.Youcanalsoseethecityinadifferentlightonasunsetcyclingtour.1.WhichisthebestbiketourforvisitorstolearnaboutLondon’shistory?.A.TallyHo!CycleTours.B.BlueBadgeTouristGuides’cyclingtours.C.BrakeAwayBikeTours.D.LondonBicycleTourCompany’scyclingtours.2.What’sspecialaboutLondonBicycleTourCompany’scyclingtours?A.Cyclingwithoutanyguide.B.DiscoveringLondon’sfamousspots.C.RidingonaBritishbicycle.D.Touringthecityinadifferentsunsetlight.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.ABrochure.B.ATextbook.C.ACoursePlan.D.AResearchPaper.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四种最好的伦敦骑行之旅。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据BlueBadgeTouristGuides’cyclingtours下的介绍“ExploreLondonontwowheelsandlearnallaboutitshistory,hiddenculturesandsecretswithatrainedBlueBadgeTouristGuide.(在两个轮子上探索伦敦，了解它的历史，隐藏的文化和秘密与训练有素的蓝徽章导游)”可知，BlueBadgeTouristGuides’cyclingtours是游客了解伦敦历史的最佳自行车之旅。故选B。 【2题详解】细节理解题。根据LondonBicycleTourCompany’scyclingtours下的介绍“Youcanalsoseethecityinadifferentlightonasunsetcyclingtour.(在日落骑行之旅中，你也可以从不同的角度欣赏这座城市)”可知，LondonBicycleTourCompany’scyclingtours的特殊之处是在日落骑行之旅中，可以从不同的角度欣赏这座城市。而其他三种都没有提到。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Asyouwhizz(飞速行驶)pastthesightswiththewindinyourhair,you’lldiscoverthatcyclingisoneofthebestwaystoseethecity.ReadontofindoutaboutthebestcyclingtoursinLondon.(当你在风吹过你的头发的时候，你会发现骑自行车是游览这个城市最好的方式之一。继续往下读，找出伦敦最好的骑行之旅)”以及后文对四种最好的伦敦骑行之旅的介绍。可知，这篇文章可能摘自一本旅游宣传小册子。故选A。BItwasthedaybeforeThanksgivingandKalebBenham,a24-year-oldstrongman,waswanderingaroundoutsidehishomeinNorthernCalifornia.His90-pounddog,Buddy,wasplayingaroundnearby,doingwhatdogsusuallydo.Onlythistime,Buddywasgettingintoawholelotoftrouble.ThesoundthatnoonewantstohearaloneinthewoodscaughtBenham’sattention.Itwasthedeeproarofablackbear.Benhamdrovearoundtoseethebeast,whichweighedaround350pounds,some100feetaway.Inasecond,thebeargrabbed(猛然抓取)Buddy’sheadandstartedpullinghimaway.Benhamranafterthem.“Honestly,”hetoldCBS13inSacramento,“theonlythingIcouldthinkofwas‘savemybaby’.”Rushing,heloweredhisshoulderandcrashedintothebear.ButitonlyseizedBuddytightly.Benham’sheartjumped.Heshoutedandthrewastoneatthebear.Nothing.Hefoundouthiscanofhairspray(喷雾).Hetriedfiringitimmediatelyatthebear.Abrightredcloudenvelopedit,andthebeardroppedthedogandranoffintothewoods.Buddywasinbadshape.Helaytherealmostoutofbreathandhisfacewasterriblybroken.“MyfirstthoughtwasthatIwasgoingtolosehim,”Benhamsaid.HepickedupBuddy,puthimintohiscar,andspedofftoanearbyveterinarian(兽医).Buddy’soperationtooknearlyfourhours.ThiswasthesecondtimeBenhamhadrescuedBuddy,saysCBS13.Thefirstwasfromashelterafewyearsago.“Ifitwasyourkid,whatwouldyoudo?”heasked.NoddingtowardBuddy, headded,“That’smykid.”4.WhatdoweknowaboutBuddy?A.Buddyweighedaround350pounds.B.Buddyfoughtwithdogsinthestreet.C.Buddyplayedwithabearintheforest.D.Buddygotattackedbyabearinthewoods.5.HowdidKalebBenhamfinallyrescueBuddyinthewoods?A.Bycrashingintothebearhimself.B.Bythrowingastoneatthebear’seyes.C.Bybeatingthebear’sheartangrily.D.Bydrivingawaythebearwithaspray.6.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.BenhamrescuedBuddyforthefirsttime.B.Benhamwasinterviewedbyamassmedia.C.BenhamfoundBuddycausedalotoftrouble.D.BenhamrealizedBuddywasn’tingreatdanger.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesKalebBenham?A.Caringandfriendly.B.Honestandkind-hearted.C.Braveandquick-minded.D.Generousanddetermined.【答案】4.D5.D6.B7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者勇斗熊营救自己的宠物狗的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Inasecond,thebeargrabbed(猛然抓取)Buddy’sheadandstartedpullinghimaway.(瞬间，熊抓住巴迪的头，开始把他拖走)”可知，巴迪在树林里被熊袭击了。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Hefoundouthiscanofhairspray(喷雾).Hetriedfiringitimmediatelyatthebear.Abrightredcloudenvelopedit,andthebeardroppedthedogandranoffintothewoods.(他找到了他的喷雾，试着立即向熊发射。一片鲜红的云把它笼罩了起来，熊扔下狗跑进了树林)”可知，凯勒布·贝纳姆终于救了巴迪在树林里用喷雾剂赶走了熊。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“ThiswasthesecondtimeBenhamhadrescuedBuddy,says CBS13.(哥伦比亚广播公司13频道说，这是贝纳姆第二次救巴迪)”可知，贝纳姆接受了CBS13广播公司的采访。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Rushing,heloweredhisshoulderandcrashedintothebear.(他冲过去，垂下肩膀撞向熊)”可知，他非常的勇敢；根据文章第三段“Hefoundouthiscanofhairspray(喷雾).Hetriedfiringitimmediatelyatthebear.Abrightredcloudenvelopedit,andthebeardroppedthedogandranoffintothewoods.(他找到了他的喷雾。他试着立即向熊射击。一片鲜红的云把它笼罩了起来，熊扔下狗跑进了树林)”可知，他反应敏捷，反应迅速。故选C。CHealthcampaignershavewarnedthatsomeofBritain’slargestrestaurantareservingdisheswithunacceptablyhighlevelsofsalttochildren.Asurveyof302mealsonchildren’smenusbythecampaign(运动)groupActiononSaltfoundthat41percentcontainedmorethan1.8gramsofsalt,themaximum(最大量)recommendedamountforachild’smealsetbyPublicHealthEnglandin2017.Thegroup’sresearchalsofoundthat34percentofthemealshadmorethan2gofsalt.ThesaltiestmealanalyzedwasthecheeseburgerwithfriesmadebyGourmetBurgerKitchen.Thesurveyalsofoundthatlevelsofsaltforthesamemealcouldbedifferent,dependingonwhichrestaurantmadethem.ThespaghettimadebytheItalianrestaurantPrezzocontained3.2gofsaltcomparedwith0.3gintheversionmadebyBeefeater.InSeptember2020PHEsetoutnewmaximumsaltrecommendationsforchildren’smeals.Itwantsthelevelreducedto1.71gby2024.ActiononSaltfoundthatnearlyhalfofthemealsitsurveyedexceededthislevel,includingmostmealsatGourmetBurgerKitchenandPizzaHut.Butsomerestaurants,forexampleBrewersFayre,BurgerKingandIkea,madealltheirchildren’sdisheswithlessthan1.71gofsalt.GrahamMacGregor,professorofcardiovascular(心血管的)medicineatQueenMaryUniversityofLondon,said,“Slowlyreducingthesaltthatisaddedtoourfoodisthemostcost-effectivemeasureforloweringbloodpressureandreducingthethousandsofstrokesandheartdiseasewhicharecausedbyeatingtoomuchsalt.Governmentofficialsmustnowforcecertainrestaurantstostopaddingallofthissaltandputtingourchildren’sfuturehealthatrisk.”8.Accordingtothesurvey,whatdoweknowaboutsomedishesservedtochildren? A.Theyaretoosalty.B.Theyarebadlyserved.C.Theyarequiteacceptable.D.Theyarehighlyrecommended.9.Howdoestheauthordevelopparagraph2?A.Byofferingdata.B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bymakingacomparison.D.Byreferringtoanotherstudy.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exceeded”meaninparagraph4?A.Stayedbelow.B.Wentbeyond.C.Wereequalto.D.Werebetterthan.11.WhichstatementmightGrahamMacGregoragreewith?A.Eatinglesssaltisthebestmeasure.B.Governmentsareriskingchildren’shealth.C.Restaurantsshouldcutdownontheamountofsalt.D.Heartdiseasecanbecuredbyreducingtheamountofsaltpeopleeat.【答案】8.A9.A10.B11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了运动组织“盐行动”(ActiononSalt)对儿童菜单上的餐点进行了调查，发现有些餐厅给孩子们吃的菜太咸了，为了我们孩子未来的健康，餐馆应该减少盐的用量。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Asurveyof302mealsonchildren’smenusbythecampaign(运动)groupActiononSaltfoundthat41percentcontainedmorethan1.8gramsofsalt,themaximum(最大量)recommendedamountforachild’smealsetbyPublicHealthEnglandin2017.(运动组织“盐行动”(ActiononSalt)对302份儿童菜单上的餐点进行了调查，发现41%的餐点含盐超过1.8克，这是英国公共卫生部2017年规定的儿童餐点的最大推荐摄入量)”可知，有些给孩子们吃的菜太咸了。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Asurveyof302mealsonchildren’smenusbythecampaign(运动)groupActiononSaltfoundthat41percentcontainedmorethan1.8gramsofsalt,themaximum(最大量)recommendedamountforachild’smealsetbyPublicHealthEnglandin2017.(运动组织“盐行动”(ActiononSalt)对302份儿童菜单上的餐点进行了调查，发现41%的餐点含盐超过1.8克， 这是英国公共卫生部2017年规定的儿童餐点的最大推荐摄入量)”以及“Thegroup’sresearchalsofoundthat34percentofthemealshadmorethan2gofsalt.(该小组的研究还发现，34%的餐食含盐量超过2克)”可知，作者通过提供数据来展开第二段。故选A。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段“Butsomerestaurants,forexampleBrewersFayre,BurgerKingandIkea,madealltheirchildren’sdisheswithlessthan1.71gofsalt.(但一些餐厅，如BrewersFayre、汉堡王和宜家，在制作所有儿童菜肴时，盐的含量都低于1.71克)”but表示转折，可知上句所讲的是儿童菜肴盐的含量高于于1.71克，B项：Wentbeyond(超越)和划线处含义相近。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Governmentofficialsmustnowforcecertainrestaurantstostopaddingallofthissaltandputtingourchildren’sfuturehealthatrisk.”(政府官员现在必须迫使某些餐馆停止添加所有这些盐，这将危及我们孩子未来的健康)”可知，为了我们孩子未来的健康，餐馆应该减少盐的用量。故选C。DItisnotverydifficulttofindthepop-sciencebookshelfinalibrary.Justlookforthemostcolorfulshelf,becausethenationalpop-sciencebooksaremostlywrittenforchildrenandteenagers.Thisisalsoprovedbypublishingsectordata.AccordingtoChinaSciencePoppingReport2021,thefirstreportonpop-sciencebookspublishedbytheChineseAcademyofSciences,in2020aloneChinahadpublished98.53millionpop-sciencebooksplus258kindsofpop-sciencemagazines.However,mostofthesewereforschoolstudents;themarketandofferforadultsarerathersmall.Thisisamajorproblemfortheburgeoning(生机勃勃的)pop-sciencesector.Fortoolong,pop-sciencehasbeenseenasatooltobetterteachsciencetoschoolchildrenandteenagers,butnotadults.Oratleastthreemajornationalbook-sellingwebsites,ifonesearchesfor“pop-science”,oneisnaturallyremindedofpost-fixphrasessuchas“forteenagers”,“for0-6yearsold”,“forchildren”.Itiscompletelynecessarytoteachpop-sciencetochildren,whoarethefutureofthenationandwhosesenseofscienceaffectsthescientificdevelopmentofthenation.However,thisshouldnotbeallandtheadults’needtostudyscienceshouldnotbeignored.Therearesomanyscientificdevelopmentsadultswillneedtokeepuptodatewith,especially duringapandemic.Howdomasksprotectonefromthevirus?Whatothermeasuresmustonetaketostayhealthy?Suchquestionsarenotjuvenile(未成年的)whenonereadsaboutanti-maskmovementsintheUnitedStates.Besides,therearegroupsthatstillthinkthattheEarthisflat.ToavoidsuchmadnessinChina,itisnecessarytocreateinterestinpop-scienceamongallagegroups,fromthegrassroots(草根的)levelup.Themoreadultsdeveloporsharpentheirscientificattitudes,themoretheycanpayattentiontotheirchildren’sknowledgetoo.12.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Theeffectivedataofpublishingpop-sciencebooks.B.Thegreatimportanceofprintingpop-sciencebooks.C.Thesmallmarketandsupplyofpop-sciencebooksforadults.D.Thecoloredpop-sciencebookshelfdesignedforkidsandteens.13.Whyshouldadults’needtostudysciencebefocusedon?A.Toincreasethesalesofpop-sciencebooks.B.Tobenefittheirhealthfrompop-sciencebooks.C.Toavoidtheirmadnessaboutscientificattitudes.D.Toaffectthescientificdevelopmentofthenation.14.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardspop-sciencebooksforadults?A.Doubtful.B.Supportive.C.Unclear.D.Negative.15.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Pop-scienceBooksNeedaWiderAudience.B.Pop-scienceBooksAffectKids’SenseofScience.C.Pop-scienceBooksImproveAdults’Scientificviews.D.Pop-scienceBooksFocusonScientificDevelopment.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要讲述了通俗科学书籍大多是为儿童和青少年写的这一现象，并指出成年人学习科学的需要也要被关注。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“AccordingtoChinaSciencePoppingReport2021,thefirstreportonpop-sciencebookspublishedbytheChineseAcademyofSciences,in2020aloneChinahad published98.53millionpop-sciencebooksplus258kindsofpop-sciencemagazines.(根据中国科学院发布的首份科普图书报告《中国科普科普报告2021》，仅2020年，中国就出版了9853万本科普图书和258种科普杂志)”可知，第二段主要讲解的是科普图书出版的有效数据。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“ToavoidsuchmadnessinChina,itisnecessarytocreateinterestinpop-scienceamongallagegroups,fromthegrassroots(草根的)levelup.(为了避免这种疯狂在中国发生，有必要从基层开始，在所有年龄层中激发对科普的兴趣)”可知，成年人学习科学的需要是为了避免他们对科学的疯狂态度。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“ToavoidsuchmadnessinChina,itisnecessarytocreateinterestinpop-scienceamongallagegroups,fromthegrassroots(草根的)levelup.(为了避免这种疯狂在中国发生，有必要从基层开始，在所有年龄层中激发对科普的兴趣)”可知，作者对成人科普书籍的态度是支持的。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“ToavoidsuchmadnessinChina,itisnecessarytocreateinterestinpop-scienceamongallagegroups,fromthegrassroots(草根的)levelup.(为了避免这种疯狂在中国发生，有必要从基层开始，在所有年龄层中激发对科普的兴趣)”以及文章倒数第二段“Therearesomanyscientificdevelopmentsadultswillneedtokeepuptodatewith,especiallyduringapandemic.(成年人需要跟上很多科学发展的步伐，特别是在大流行期间)”可知，科普书籍需要更广泛的读者。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分满分12.5分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtochooseyourhighschoolsubjectswiselyPreparingtoenteranewgradeandchoosingthesubjectsthat’llseeyouthroughmatric(毕业)canbefrightening,butthisisthefirststeptoyourfutureandyoushouldmovenearitwisely.Choosingtherightsubjectswillgiveyouachanceatsuccessinseniorhighschoolandbeyond.____16____.DoyourresearchThefirststepislookingatwhichcareer(职业)pathyou’dliketoenterinto.Fromthere,you cancheckoutthewebsitesofhighereducationorganizationstofindouttheirrequirementsforthatcourse.____17____.Ifyou’renotsureaboutthefuture,youshouldchoosesubjectcombinations(组合)that’llleaveyouwiththebestchoices.Decideyourinterests____18____.Researchhowyourfavouritesubjectsshowclearlyintheworkingworld.Someofyoubecomeandcontinuetobesuccessful,inthedifferentspaces(eg.creativespaces)sodon’tbepressuredintochoosingsubjectsyoudon’tenjoy—thosewon’tbenefityourlong-termcareergoals.____19____Agoodideaistolookatsubjectsthatyouaregoodatandexplorecareerchoiceswithinthatspace.Forexample,ifyou’regoodatwriting,youcouldchooseasubjectwithalotofwriting(eg.History).Allinall,thekeytomakingthebestsubjectchoicesforyourfutureselfistomakesureyoudoyourresearch,andmakeyourdecisionatacomfortablepace—sodon’trush.____20____.Evenifthatmeansbeinginadifferentclasswithoutyourfriends.A.ConcentrateonyourstrengthsBFocusonyourfavoritesubjectsC.HerearesometipstohelpyoumakethechoiceD.RemembertohaveaplanBaboutcareerchoicesE.YoushoulddetermineyourinterestswhenchoosingsubjectsF.Lookatyourinterestsandstrengths,andtakeyourchoicesfromhereG.Whenyouenjoysubjects,youwilloftenlistenmore,workharder,anddobetter【答案】16.C17.D18.B19.A20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍如何明智地选择高中学科。【16题详解】根据上文“Choosingtherightsubjectswillgiveyouachanceatsuccessinseniorhighschoolandbeyond.(选择正确的科目将使你有机会在高中及以后取得成功。)”及下文“Doyourresearch(做调查)”及下文“Decideyourinterests(决定你的兴趣。)”可知，文章主要讲述选择正确的 科目的重要性，以及对我们的建议。C项“Herearesometipstohelpyoumakethechoice(以下是一些帮助你做出选择的小贴士)”承上启下，介绍如何选择高中科目，故选C项。【17题详解】上文“Thefirststepislookingatwhichcareer(职业)pathyou’dliketoenterinto.(第一步是查看你想进入的职业道路。)”说明要根据未来的职业选择科目。下文“Ifyou’renotsureaboutthefuture,youshouldchoosesubjectcombinations(组合)that’llleaveyouwiththebestchoices.(如果你不确定未来，你应该选择组合科目，这将给你带来最好的选择。)”是针对不确定的未来和职业的建议。D项“RemembertohaveaplanBaboutcareerchoices(记得制定一个关于职业选择的B计划)”承上启下，当不确定未来和职业时，作者建议制定一个B计划。故选D项。【18题详解】下文“Researchhowyourfavouritesubjectsshowclearlyintheworkingworld.(研究你最喜欢的学科如何在工作世界中清晰地表现。)”说明要研究你最喜欢的学科在工作中的情况。B项“Focusonyourfavoritesubjects(集中于你最喜欢的科目。)”引出下文，说明要集中于自己最喜欢的科目，故选B项。【19题详解】下文“Agoodideaistolookatsubjectsthatyouaregoodatandexplorecareerchoiceswithinthatspace.(一个好主意是看看你擅长的科目，并在该领域内探索职业选择。)”说明要根据自己擅长的科目选择职业。A项“Concentrateonyourstrengths(专注于你的优势。)”引出下文，建议我们聚焦于自己有优势，擅长的学科。故选A项。【20题详解】上文“Allinall,thekeytomakingthebestsubjectchoicesforyourfutureselfistomakesureyoudoyourresearch,andmakeyourdecisionatacomfortablepace—sodon’trush.(总而言之，为未来自己做出最佳学科选择的关键是确保自己进行研究，并以舒适的步调做出决定——所以不要着急。)”说明要以自己方式，对自己进行研究。F项“Lookatyourinterestsandstrengths,andtakeyourchoicesfromhere(看看你的兴趣和优势，从这里开始做出选择)”承接上文，说明要根据自己的兴趣和优势选择学科，故选F项。第三部分语言知识运用(共四节，满分55分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。IliveonCanada’swestcoast,andmyoldersonlivesonitseastcoast.Wehavepaidfrequentvisitstoeachother.____21____,becauseofcovid-19travelrestrictions(限制，管束)andthelongdistancebetweenus,mywifeandIhaven’t____22____oursoninpersonformorethantwoyears.Then,oneday,therewasa____23____atthedoor,andwhenIopenedit,inwalkedmyson,carryingapotofflowers.Hehadn’ttoldushewascoming,andseeinghimwasashockandwonderful____24____.IthasbeenyearssinceIlast____25____aboutanything,butwhenhewalkedin,Iwasintears.Ithinkthatasparents,wealwaysthinkofourchildrenasbeingyoungandbeinginneedofour____26____,evenwhentheyhavereachedadulthood.Somehow,though,the____27____appearanceofmysonandhismonth-longvisitthatfollowedletmeseehiminawholenewlight.Mywifeneedsmuchsupportthesedays,andourson____28____tohelp.Thereweresomerepairsneededaroundthehouseandhesawthemandhelpedmetomakethem____29____.Hehelpedtopreparefood,tohelphis____30____getcomfortablewhenshehadtomovearound,andingeneral,hetookfrommeaload(负担)Ihadn’tfullyrealizedIwas____31____.IfoundinsomecasesthatIwasworkingunderhis____32____.SomehowIstillwanttoguidehiswaythroughlife.I’mnotusedtohavingthebenefitofhisbroad____33____andknowledgetohelpmetodealwiththesituationIface.Mysonleftrecentlyforhishome.Andagain,Iwasintears,butitwas____34____.Whenheleft,Ishedtearsofprideandjoythatsuchastrong,____35____andwonderfulpersonismyson,andhehonoredmebycallingme“dad”.21.A.ThereforeB.OtherwiseC.HoweverD.Besides22.A.invitedB.calledC.contactedD.seen23.A.soundB.noiseC.voiceD.knock24.A.surpriseB.experienceC.challengeD.impression25.A.caredB.worriedC.criedD.thought26.A.guidanceB.responsibilityC.goalD.arrangement27.A.obviousB.suddenC.formalD.impressive28.A.pickedupB.gaveupC.steppedupD.madeup 29.A.workB.happenC.improveD.appear30.A.wifeB.daughterC.sisterD.mother31.A.carryingB.meetingC.doingD.getting32.A.orderB.directionC.controlD.pressure33.A.skillsB.mindsC.shouldersD.memories34.A.amazingB.extraC.awkwardD.different35.A.easy-goingB.intelligentC.braveD.determined【答案】21.C22.D23.D24.A25.C26.A27.B28.C29.B30.D31.A32.B33.A34.D35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了由于新冠肺炎，作者和儿子已经将近两年没有见面，儿子的突然到来给了作者很大的惊喜，儿子的突然出现和他随之而来的长达一个月的来访也让作者对他有了全新的认识。【21题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：然而，由于新冠肺炎的旅行限制和我们之间的距离很远，我和妻子已经两年多没有亲眼见到儿子了。A.Therefore因此；B.Otherwise否则，不然；C.However然而；D.Besides而且。根据上句“Wehavepaidfrequentvisitstoeachother(我们经常互访)”以及后句“becauseofcovid-19travelrestrictions(限制，管束)andthelongdistancebetweenus,mywifeandIhaven’t____2____oursoninpersonformorethantwoyears.(我和妻子已经两年多没有亲眼见到儿子了)”可知，上下句之间是转折关系。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.invited邀请；B.called称呼；C.contacted交往；D.seen看见。根据本句“becauseofcovid-19travelrestrictions(限制，管束)andthelongdistancebetweenus,(由于新冠肺炎的旅行限制和我们之间的距离很远)”可知，由于新冠肺炎的旅行限制和我们之间的距离很远，我和妻子已经两年多没有亲眼见到儿子了。故选D。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，有一天，有人敲门。A.sound声音；B.noise噪音；C.voice嗓音；D.knock敲击。根据本句“atthedoor(在门口)”可知，有人敲门。故选D。【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他没有告诉我们他要来，看到他使我们既震惊又惊喜。A.surprise惊喜；B.experience经历；C.challenge挑战；D.impression印象。根据上文“becauseofcovid-19travelrestrictions(限制，管束)andthelongdistancebetweenus,mywifeandIhaven’t____2____oursoninpersonformorethantwoyears.(由于新冠肺炎的旅行限制和我们之间的距离很远，我和妻子已经两年多没有亲眼见到儿子了)”可知，看到他使我们既震惊又惊喜。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我已经好多年没哭了，但当他走进来时，我泪流满面。A.cared关心；B.worried担忧；C.cried哭泣；D.thought想法。根据本句“Iwasintears.(我泪流满面)”可知，作者哭了。故选C。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为，作为父母，我们总是认为我们的孩子是年幼的，需要我们的引导。A.guidance引导；B.responsibility责任；C.goal目标；D.arrangement安排。根据上句“SomehowIstillwanttoguidehiswaythroughlife.(我还是想指导他的人生)”可知，作者认为儿子需要自己的指导。故选A。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，不知怎么的，我儿子的突然出现和他随之而来的长达一个月的来访让我对他有了全新的认识。A.obvious明显的；B.sudden突然的；C.formal正式的；D.impressive印象深刻的。根据上文“Hehadn’ttoldushewascoming,andseeinghimwasashockandwonderful____4____.(他没有告诉我们他要来，看到他使我们既震惊又惊喜)”可知，儿子是突然出现。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我的妻子现在需要很多帮助，我们的儿子站出来帮忙。A.pickedup捡起；B.gaveup放弃；C.steppedup提高；增加；走近；D.madeup编造。根据上句“Mywifeneedsmuchsupportthesedays(我的妻子现在需要很多帮助)”可知，他们的儿子站出来帮忙。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：房子周围需要修理，他看到了，就帮我修了。A.work工作；B.happen发生；C.improve改善；D.appear出现。根据上文“Thereweresomerepairsneededaroundthehouse(房子周围需要修理)”可知，儿子来修理。makesthhappen使……发生。故选B。【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他帮助准备食物，当他的母亲不得不四处走动时，儿子帮助她更舒服些。A.wife妻子；B.daughter女儿；C.sister妹妹；D.mother母亲。根据上文“Mywifeneedsmuchsupportthesedays(我的妻子现在需要很多帮助)”可知，儿子帮助他的母亲更舒服些。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从我身上带走了我没有完全意识到负担。A.carrying承重；承担责任；B.meeting碰见；C.doing做；D.getting得到。根据上文“Thereweresomerepairsneededaroundthehouseandhesawthemandhelpedmetomakethem____9____.Hehelpedtopreparefood,tohelphis____10____getcomfortablewhenshehadtomovearound(房子周围需要修理，他看到了，就帮我修了，他帮助准备食物，当他的母亲不得不四处走动时，儿子帮助她更舒服些)”可知，儿子从我身上带走了我没有完全意识到的负担。故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现在某些情况下，我是在他的指导下工作的。A.order命令；B.direction方向；C.control控制；D.pressure压力。根据后句“I’mnotusedtohavingthebenefitofhisbroad____13____andknowledgetohelpmetodealwiththesituationIface.(我不习惯让他广泛的技能和知识帮助我处理我所面临的情况)”可知，作者发现在某些情况下，作者是在儿子的指导下工作的。故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不习惯让他广泛的技能和知识帮助我处理我所面临的情况。A.skills技能；B.minds思想；C.shoulders肩膀；D.memories记忆。根据本句“tohelpmetodealwiththesituationIface.(来帮助我处理我所面临的情况)”可知，他广泛的技能和知识帮助我处理我所面临的情况。故选A。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我又一次泪流满面，但这是不同的。A.amazing惊人的；B.extra额外的；C.awkward尴尬的；D.different不同的。根据上文“IthasbeenyearssinceIlast____5____aboutanything,butwhenhewalkedin,Iwasintears.(我已经好多年没哭了，但当他走进来时，我泪流满面)”以及“Whenheleft,Ishedtearsofprideandjoy(当他离开时，我流下了骄傲和喜悦的眼泪)”可知，这一次的哭是不同的。故选D。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他离开的时候，我流下了骄傲和快乐的眼泪，因为我的儿子是这样一个坚强、聪明和了不起的人，他称我为“爸爸”，以示对我的尊敬。A.easy-going 随和的，不慌不忙的；B.intelligent聪明的；C.brave勇敢的；D.determined下定决心的，坚定的。根据上文“I’mnotusedtohavingthebenefitofhisbroad____13____andknowledgetohelpmetodealwiththesituationIface.(我不习惯让他广泛的技能和知识帮助我处理我所面临的情况)”可知，儿子用他广泛的技能和知识帮助我处理我所面临的情况，儿子是一个聪明的人。故选B。非选择部分第二节单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。36.Ashe________(explore)thesea,hetookalotofpictures.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】wasexploring【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当他在探索大海时，他拍了很多照片。根据句意及hetookalotofpictures可知，此处陈述过去正在发生的动作，应用过去进行时。故填wasexploring。37.Inmymind,Wenzhouisan________(extreme)beautifulplace.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】extremely【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：在我的心目中，温州是一个非常美丽的地方。空后面的beautiful是形容词，所以该空需填入extreme的副词形式作状语来修饰beautiful。故填extremely。38.Asweallknow,WTOisshortforWorldTrade________.(organize)(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】Organization【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：众所周知，WTO是世界贸易组织的缩写。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处表示“世界贸易组织”用WorldTradeOrganization，应用名词Organization。专有名词的开头字母大写。故填Organization。39.WhenIgraduatefromcollege,IthinkIwillbe________(suit)forthisjob.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】suitable【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：当我从大学毕业时，我想我会适合这份工作。设空处在句中作表语，应用形容词的形式。故填suitable。40.Pleasegivesuggestionsand________(comment)afterreadingthisblog.( 所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】comments【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：请在阅读本博客后提出建议和意见。空处和名词suggestions并列作give的宾语，应填名词形式，comment评论，意见，是可数名词，此处用复数形式。故填comments。41.Thisissuchan________(amaze)adventurethatIwillrememberitforever.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】amazing【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：这是一次如此奇妙的冒险，我将永远记住它。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词adventure，修饰物应用形容词amazing“惊人的，令人诧异的”。故填amazing。42.________(actual),onlineshoppingplaysanimportantpartinourdailylife.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】Actually【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：实际上，网上购物在我们的日常生活中起着重要作用。根据句意及句子结构可知，设空处应填副词actually，作状语，表示“实际上”。位于句首，开头字母需大写。故填Actually。43.Nevergiveupagoodchance________(improve)yourEnglishinourdailylife.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】toimprove【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不要在日常生活中放弃任何一个提高英语水平的好机会。设空处在句中作非谓语，achancetodosth做某事的机会，设空处应用动词不定式的形式作后置定语，故填toimprove。44.She’salwaystryingtomakeanimpression________peoplewithherexcellentoralEnglish.(用适当的词填空)【答案】on 【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意：她总是试图用她出色的英语口语给人留下深刻的印象。固定短语makeanimpressiononsth“给……留下印象”。故填on。45.Itisnotunusualforteenagersofyourgenerationtobe________(attract)tocomputergames.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】attracted【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对于你们这一代的青少年来说，被电脑游戏和网络世界所吸引并不稀奇。attractsbtosth吸引某人关注某事，此处是其被动形式beattractedtosth，故填attracted。第三节选词填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)在空白处填入方框中所给词组的正确形式。prefer…to…focusonbecomecuriousaboutcheckoutapplyforsignupforbeaddictedtoberesponsibleforotherthanlookforwardto46.PeruissobeautifulthatI’m________visitingit!47.Ithinkhe________smoking.Hejustcan’tseemtoquit.48.Inhighschool,I________thecomputerandbuiltmyfirstwebsite.49.Whenhewasachild,he________readingbooks________watchingTV.50.Guestsmust________beforenoon,ortheywillbechargedforthedaybythehotel.51.Ihavetoworkharderasaseniorhighschoolstudentandgetusedto________myself.52.FormytriptoFrance,I________thevisatomorrow.OnceIgetit,I’llbookflightticketsonline.53.Spendingtoomuchtimeonlineisunhealthyandmakesitverydifficultto________otherthingsinlife.54.MyadvisorrecommendedthatI________theBalletcoursebecausebeingadancerhasalwaysbeenmydream.55.Incabuilderscutstonestoexactsizessothatnothingwasneededtoholdwallstogether________theperfectfitofthestones. 【答案】46.lookingforwardto47.isaddictedto48.becamecuriousabout49.①.preferred②.to50.checkout51.beingresponsiblefor52.amapplyingfor53.focuson54.shouldsignupfor##signupfor55.otherthan【解析】【46题详解】考查动词短语。句意：秘鲁是如此美丽，我期待着去参观它！根据“Peruissobeautiful”可知，此处表示很期待去参观秘鲁，lookforwardto“期待”符合题意，由空前的am可知句子是现在进行时，此处用现在分词形式。故填lookingforwardto。【47题详解】考查固定短语。句意：我认为他抽烟上瘾了。他似乎就是戒不掉。根据“Hejustcan’tseemtoquit.”可知，此处指“他抽烟上瘾”，beaddictedto“上瘾，沉溺于”符合题意，此处是描述一个事实，用一般现在时，主语是he，be动词用is。故填isaddictedto。【48题详解】考查动词短语。句意：高中时，我对电脑产生了好奇心，并建立了我的第一个网站。根据“builtmyfirstwebsite”可知，此处指“对电脑产生了好奇心”，becomecuriousabout“对……变得好奇”符合题意，由并列谓语动词built可知此处用动词过去式。故填becamecuriousabout。【49题详解】考查动词短语。句意：当他还是个孩子的时候，比起看电视，他更喜欢看书。结合句意可知，此处表示“比起看电视，他更喜欢看书”，prefer...to...“更喜欢……而不愿……，比起……更喜欢……”符合题意，根据“Whenhewasachild”可知，句子用一般过去时。故填①preferred②to。【50题详解】考查动词短语。句意：客人必须在中午前退房，否则酒店将收取当天的房费。根据“ortheywill bechargedforthedaybythehotel”可知，此处指“客人必须在中午前退房”，checkout“退房，结账离开”符合题意，情态动词must后接动词原形。故填checkout。【51题详解】考查固定短语。句意：作为一名高中生，我必须更加努力，习惯对自己负责。结合句意可知，此处指“对自己负责”，beresponsiblefor“对……负责”符合题意，getusedtodoingsth习惯于做某事，故空处用动名词形式。故填beingresponsiblefor。【52题详解】考查固定短语。句意：为了去法国旅行，我明天要申请签证。一旦我拿到签证，我会在网上预订机票。根据“OnceIgetit”可知，此处表示“申请签证”，applyfor“申请”符合题意，结合句意及“tomorrow”可知，此处表示即将发生的动作，用现在进行时表示将来，主语是I，be动词用am，故填amapplyingfor。【53题详解】考查动词短语。句意：花太多时间上网是不健康的，会让你很难专注于生活中的其他事情。根据“Spendingtoomuchtimeonline”可知，此处指“很难在生活中集中注意力于其他事情”，focuson“集中注意力于”符合题意，空前的to是不定式符号，此处用动词原形，故填focuson。【54题详解】考查动词短语。句意：我的导师建议我报芭蕾舞班，因为成为一名舞蹈家一直是我的梦想。根据空后的“theBalletcourse”可知，此处指“报名参加芭蕾舞课程”，signupfor“报名参加”符合题意，recommended表示“建议”，宾语从句应用虚拟语气，即从句谓语部分用“(should)+动词原形”，should可省略。故填(should)signupfor。【55题详解】考查固定短语。句意：印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，这样就不需要任何东西，仅仅凭着石头间的完美贴合，即可稳固墙体。结合句意可知，此处指“除了石头间的完美贴合不需要任何东西来支撑墙体”，otherthan“除了”符合题意。故填otherthan。第四节语篇语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Goingfromjuniorhighschooltoseniorhighschoolcanbea____56____(challenge)processformanyteenagers.Withnewclasses,newstudentsandanewschool,it’seasyforthemto feel____57____(confuse)andlost.However,OrientationDay(迎新日)is____58____(obvious)agreatopportunityforthemtoknowabouttheschool.Itisatthe____59____(begin)oftheschoolyearandisaway____60____(welcome)newstudentsandhelpthemknowtheschool.Eachcampusholds____61____(it)ownorientation.Someschoolssetasideasingleday,whileothersspendseveraldaysor____62____week.Oneofthemostbasicactivitiesisthecampustour.Thenewstudentswillgettheirschedulesandfindout____63____theirclassroomsare.Theyalsowilllearnwhatfacilitiestheycanuse,thehistoryoftheschoolandsomerelevantinformation.Anotherbigthingisthatthenewstudents____64____(learn)abouttheschoolpoliciesandtherules.Schoolteachersand____65____(volunteer)willbehappytoanswerthequestionsraisedbythestudents.Besides,schoolsmayprovidestudentsamealandtheremaypossiblybefuneventsforthemtoenjoyaswell.【答案】56.challenging57.confused58.obviously59.beginning60.towelcome61.its62.a63.where64.willlearn65.volunteers【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述对于刚升入高中的新生来说，迎新日是了解学校的好机会。【56题详解】考查形容词。句意：对许多青少年来说，从初中升入高中是一个具有挑战性的过程。空处应填形容词作表语，challenging有挑战的，形容词。故填challenging。【57题详解】考查形容词。句意：新的班级，新的学生，新的学校，他们很容易感到困惑和迷失。feel用作系动词，空处应填形容词作表语，此处表示“他们容易感觉困惑”，修饰人应用形容词confused“困惑的”，故填confused。【58题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而，迎新日显然是一个让他们了解学校的好机会。空处作状语，修饰动词is，应用副词形式。故填obviously。【59题详解】考查名词。句意：它是在学年的开始，是一种欢迎新学生并帮助他们了解学校的方式。由空前的the及空后的of可知，此处应填名词，beginning“开始，开端”，常用作单数。故填beginning。【60题详解】考查动词不定式。句意同上。此处用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词way，故填towelcome。【61题详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：每个校园都有自己的迎新方向。此处应用形容词性物主代词，修饰名词orientation。故填its。【62题详解】考查不定冠词。句意：有些学校只安排一天，而有些学校则安排几天或一周。week是可数名词，此处泛指“一周”，应用不定冠词a。故填a。【63题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：新学生将得到他们的课程表，并找到他们的教室在哪里。空处引导宾语从句，作动词短语findout的宾语，结合句意可知，此处指“找到他们的教室在哪里”，应用连接副词where引导。故填where。【64题详解】考查一般将来时。句意：另一件大事是新生将了解学校的政策和规章制度。结合上文时态及语境可知，此处指“在迎新日新生将了解学校的政策和规章制度”，应用一般将来时，故填willlearn。【65题详解】考查名词复数。句意：学校老师和志愿者将很乐意回答学生提出的问题。volunteer是可数名词，此处和teachers并列，应用复数形式。故填volunteers。第四部分应用文写作(满分15分)66.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的信件中提及他最近有手机上瘾(phone-addiction)的苦恼。请给他回信，内容包括：1.手机上瘾的危害；2.提出建议。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearJim,Ifeelworriedtohearfromyou.SoI’dliketotalkabouttheharmofphone-addiction.Firstly,ifyoualwayscheckyourphone,youmaywastelotsofvaluabletime.Besides,yourgradesmaygodownandyourhealthwillgobad.Ithinkitishightimethatyougotridofit.Youcanreadsomemeaningfulbookswhichcanenrichyourlife.Meanwhileit’salsohelpfultodosomephysicalexercise.Ihopetheadvicewillbenefityou.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份，给英国朋友Jim回信，帮他解决手机上瘾的苦恼并提出建议。【详解】1.词汇积累坏处，不利因素：harm→disadvantage此外：Besides→What’smore摆脱：getridof→castoff建议：advice→suggestion2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：Ifeelworriedtohearfromyou.SoI’dliketotalkabouttheharmofphone-addiction.拓展句：BecauseIfeelworriedtohearfromyou,I’dliketotalkabouttheharmofphone-addiction.【点睛】【高分句型1】Youcanreadsomemeaningfulbookswhichcanenrichyourlife.(运用which引导限制性定语从句)【高分句型2】Ihopetheadvicewillbenefityou.(运用省略that引导的宾语从句)