天津市河西区2022-2023学年高一英语上学期期中试卷（Word版附解析）

高一英语(一)第一部分：听力(共两节，满分15分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有大小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whattimeisitnow?A.About5:30.B.About5:45.C.About6:00.2.Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?A.Athome.B.Onthephone.C.Inthestreet.3.Whatwillthemandowiththewatch?A.Hewillkeepit.B.Hewillsellit.C.Hewillsendittothewoman.4.Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?A.TheScienceMuseum.B.TheArtMuseum.C.Thebusstop.5.Whatcanwelearnabouttheman’saunt?A.Sheisoldandalone.B.Herrightlegisbroken.C.Shehadatrafficaccident.第二节听下面3段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，各小题将给出5秒钟做答时间。每段材料读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。6.Whichplacedidthewomanfailtovisit?A.TheSummerPalace.B.TheTempleofHeaven.C.TheGreatWall.7.Whatdidthewomandoafterdoingsomeshopping?A.Shewenttotheairport.B.Shewenttobuybooks.C.Shevisitedauniversity.8.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofthetrafficinBeijing?A.It’scrowded.B.It’squick.C.It’ssafe.听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。9.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace? AInapark.B.Atarestaurant.C.Inanoffice.10.Whatisthewomanprobably?A.SheisworkingforIBM.B.SheisateacheratHarvard.C.SheisastudentatHarvard.11.Whatistheweatherliketoday?A.Sunny.B.Windy.C.Rainy.听第8段材料，回答第12至15题。12.WhenwasMikeabsentfromthecamp?A.Atthebeginningofthethirdweek.B.Ontheseconddayofthethirdweek.C.Onedayinthefourthweek.13.WhywasMikeabsentfromthecamp?A.Hewasill.B.Hefeltlonely.C.Hemissedhisparents.14.Whydidsomeofthekidshaveaguiltylookontheirfaces?A.BecausetheylaughedatMike.B.Becausetheyknewtheyhadn’tmadeMikefeelwelcome.C.BecausetheyplayedatrickonMike.15.HowdidotherchildrentreatMikewhenhecameback?A.Theywereallsilent.B.Theywelcomedhim.C.Theysangloudly.第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节：单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.—Willyougoswimmingwithusthisweekend?—______.Imaygotovisitmygrandpainthecountryside.A.WithpleasureB.NotreallyC.GoodluckD.Itdepends【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——这个周末你和我们一起去游泳吗？——看情况。我可能会去乡下看我爷爷。A.Withpleasure很乐意；B.Notreally不见得；C.Goodluck祝你好运；D.Itdepends看情况。根据下句“Imaygotovisitmygrandpainthecountryside.”可知，此处是不确定，D项“看情况”符合题意，故选D。 2.—Who’ssinginginthenextroom?IsitLucy?—It______beher.ShehasgonetoNewYork.A.can’tB.shouldn’tC.mustn’tD.won’t【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——谁在隔壁房间唱歌？这是露西吗？——不可能是她。她去纽约了。A.can’t不可能；B.shouldn’t不应该；C.mustn’t不允许，不准；D.won’t不会，将不。根据后句“ShehasgonetoNewYork.”可知，唱歌的人“不可能”是露西，此处考查查情态动词表示否定推测，应用can’t。故选A项。3.IknowMr.Brown.We______toeachotherataninternationalconferencelastyear.A.areintroducedB.haveintroducedC.wereintroducedD.hadbeenintroduced【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词语态。句意：我认识Brown先生。我们是在去年的一次国际会议上被介绍认识的。主语We和动词introduce之间是被动关系，再由时间状语“lastyear”可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。4.Idon’twanttogivethe______thatI’mrunningawayfromthepunishment.A.descriptionB.impressionC.expressionD.performance【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不想给人留下我在逃避惩罚的印象。A.description描述；B.impression印象；C.expression表达；D.performance表演。根据句意和空格后that从句的内容可知，我不想给人留下一种印象——我在逃避惩罚。故选B项。5.Onthefirstdayofmyfirstgrade,Istoodbythedoor______butterfliesinmystomach.A.withB.byC.fromD.on【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意：在我上一年级的第一天，我站在门边，心里忐忑不安。A.with 和……在一起；具有；用；B.by通过；C.from来自；D.on在...上面。此处考查with的复合结构：“with+宾语+宾补”的结构，故选A。6.TheoldmanfromAustraliawasveryhappywhenhewasabletomakehimself______inhisbrokenChinese.A.understandB.tounderstandC.understandingD.understood【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当从澳大利亚来的老人用只言片语的汉语让别人明白他自己时，他很高兴。make+宾语+宾语补足语，himself和understand是被动关系，用过去分词作宾补，表示被动。故选D。7.Hisfaceseems______tome,butIcannotrememberwhereIhaveseenhim.A.familiarB.similarC.ordinaryD.unique【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的面孔我似乎很熟悉，但我想不起在哪儿见过他。A.familiar熟悉的；B.similar类似的；C.ordinary普通的；D.unique独特的。根据下句的转折“butIcannotrememberwhereIhavesoonhim”可知，此处指他的脸看起来很熟悉，但是想不起在哪里见过，故选A。8.Whateverourhobbies,theInternetcanconnectuswithothers______alsoenjoydoingthem,eveniftheyliveontheothersideoftheworld.A.whichB.whatC.whoD.whose【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：无论我们的爱好是什么，互联网都可以将我们与那些喜欢做这些事的人联系起来，即使他们生活在世界的另一端。A.which哪一个；B.what什么；C.who谁；D.whose谁的。设空处引导定语从句且在句中作主语，先行词为others，指人，可选择关系代词who。故选C。9.Hedoesn’tknowwhoto______foradvicewhenhehasproblems.A.turnupB.turntoC.turnoutD.turndown【答案】B 【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他遇到问题时不知道向谁寻求建议。A.turnup调高，出现；B.turnto求助于，向……求助；C.turnout出现，结果是；D.turndown调低，拒绝。根据“whenhehasproblems”可知，此处指“不知道该向谁寻求建议”，turntosbforadvice向……寻求建议。故选B。10.______outofthewindow,hesawsomechildrenreadingunderthetree.A.LookingB.TolookC.LookedD.Havinglooked【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他向窗外望去，看到一些孩子在树下看书。分析句子结构可知，该空处应该填非谓语动词作状语，look与句子主语he之间为主动关系，且该动作look与谓语动词saw同时进行，用现在分词一般式。故选A项。11.Kate,you’vehadyourhaircut!Ididn’t______you.A.reflectB.respectC.recoverD.recognize【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kate，你剪头发了！我刚刚没认出是你。A.reflect反映；B.respect尊重；C.recover恢复，痊愈；D.recognize认出，识别。结合“Kate,you’vehadyourhaircut!”可知，此处指剪了头发后没认出来，recognize符合题意。故选D。12.Washinghands______isoneofthebestwaystoavoidgettingdisease.A.regularlyB.actuallyC.eventuallyD.obviously【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：勤洗手是避免得病的最好方法之一。A.regularly定期地，经常；B.actually事实上，实际上；C.eventually最后；D.obviously明显地。结合句意可知，此处指“经常洗手”，用副词frequently。故填A。13.Onsocialmediasites,peopletend______onlypositiveupdatesthatmakethemappearhappyandfriendly.A.postB.topostC.postingD.posted 【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在社交媒体网站上，人们倾向于只发布积极的更新，让自己看起来快乐和友好。固定搭配tendtodosth“倾向于做某事，往往会做某事”。故选B。14.Theboyenjoyedhimselfsomuch______hevisitedhisgrandparentsinthecountrysideinsummervacation.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查状语从句的连接词。句意：这个男孩在暑假去乡下看望爷爷奶奶时玩得很开心。A.that（无意义）；B.which哪一个；C.when当……；D.where何处。结合句意此处应用when“在……时候”引导时间状语从句。故选C项。15.—Dad,I’vefinishedmyhomework.—Good,and______youplayorwatchTV,youmustn’tdisturbme.A.whenB.whereC.whetherD.what【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查连词。句意：——爸爸，我已经完成作业了。——很好，不管你玩还是看电视，你都不可以打扰我。A.when何时；B.where哪里；C.whether是否；D.what什么。whether...or...是……还是……，引导让步状语从句。故选C。第二节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31~45各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Iwalkedtotheparkafterschoolandsatunderatree.Ipulledmysketchbook(素描册)andcoloredpencils____16____myschoolbagandlookedaroundforideas.Iturnedmy____17____tothegirlswhowereplayingnearbyandbegansketching.____18____Ihaddrawntheoutline(轮廓)ofthegirls,ashadowfellacrossmysketchbook.Theshadowwasaboy,____19____wassurveyingmydrawingovermyshoulder.Iwasembarrassedand____20____mysketchbook.“Nooffence(冒犯),”theboylaughed,pullinghissketchbookoutofhisschoolbagand____21____ittome.“Wanttolookatmydrawings?”____22____,Iexchangedmysketchbookwith his.Iwasreally____23____withhisdrawingsofnature.Trees,leaves,rocksandriversweredonewithgreatdetails.“Youareso____24____!”Isaid,“What’syourname?”“KenyiThompson.Myfamilyjustmovedhere.”Hereplied.Kenyisatdownnexttome.Whilelookingatmydrawings,Kenyisaid,“Youarealsotalented.Ireally____25____withdrawingpeople,butyoumakeitlookeasy.”“Ihaveagreatidea!”Ideclared.“Let’smakedrawingstogether!Youcandraw____26____ononesheetofpaperwhileIdrawthepeopleonanother.Thenwe’ll____27____andfinisheachother’sdrawings.Thatway,____28____drawingswoulddisplayourtalents.”Aboutanhourlater,we____29____ourdrawings.Ourdrawingscombinedourtalentswithanew____30____,whichIbelievewouldlastforever.16.A.onB.byC.fromD.with17.A.attentionB.stomachC.wheelD.bag18.A.AlthoughB.IfC.SinceD.After19.A.whichB.whoC.thatD.whom20.A.designedB.printedC.toreD.closed21.A.handingB.sendingC.returningD.posting22.A.OutofcuriosityB.OutofcontrolC.OutoforderD.Outofbreath23.A.angryB.busyC.disappointedD.impressed24.A.embarrassedB.delightedC.talentedD.educated25.A.struggleB.workC.startD.meet26.A.girlsB.peopleC.boysD.nature27.A.searchB.exchangeC.imagineD.destroy28.A.allB.bothC.noneD.neither29.A.beganB.madeC.finishedD.sold30.A.friendshipB.challengeC.behaviorD.position【答案】16.C17.A18.D19.B20.D21.A22.A23.D24.C25.A26.D27.B28.B29.C30.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者放学后在树下画画，遇到了另一个爱好画画的男孩KenyiThompson，他们各有所长，约定一起画画，展示两人的天赋，从而也成为了朋友。 【16题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：我从书包里拿出素描册和彩色铅笔，四处寻找灵感。A.on在……上面；B.by通过；C.from从，来自；D.with和……一起，具有。根据空后的“myschoolbag”可知，应是从书包里拿出素描册和彩色铅笔。故选C。【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把注意力转向在附近玩耍的女孩们，开始画草图。A.attention注意力；B.stomach胃，腹部；C.wheel轮子；D.bag包。根据“begansketching”可知，是注意力集中在女孩身上，然后开始画她们。故选A。【18题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：在我画出女孩们的轮廓后，我的素描册上出现了一个影子。A.Although尽管；B.If如果；C.Since自从；D.After在……以后。上文“begansketching”提到作者开始作画，结合下一句中“surveyingmydrawing(打量我的画)”可知，作此处指作者画完女孩们的轮廓后，故选D。【19题详解】考查定语从句。句意：影子是一个男孩，他正越过我的肩膀打量着我的画。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是boy，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用who引导。故选B。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很尴尬，合上了我的素描册。A.designed设计；B.printed打印；C.tore撕碎；D.closed关闭。结合语境及“Iwasembarrassed”可知，作者感觉尴尬，合上了素描册。故选D。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“无意冒犯，”男孩笑着从书包里掏出素描册递给我。A.handing交，递；B.sending发送，邮寄；C.returning返回，归还；D.posting邮寄，张贴。根据下文男孩说的话“Wanttolookatmydrawings?(想看我的画吗？)”可知，男孩把他的画册递过来。故选A。【22题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：出于好奇心，我把我的素描册和他的交换。A.Outofcuriosity出于好奇心；B.Outofcontrol失去控制；C.Outoforder出故障，不整洁；D.Outofbreath上气不接下气。上文提到男孩问作者想不想看他的画，结合“Iexchangedmysketchbookwithhis.”可 知，作者出于好奇心和男孩交换了画，故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的自然画给我留下了深刻的印象。A.angry生气的；B.busy忙碌的；C.disappointed失望的；D.impressed印象深刻的。根据下文“Trees,leaves,rocksandriversweredonewithgreatdetails.(树木、树叶、岩石和河流都画得非常细致)”对画的描述可知，作者对男孩的画印象深刻。故选D。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“你真有天赋，”我说。A.embarrassed尴尬的；B.delighted高兴的；C.talented有天赋的；D.educated有教养的。根据下文“Youarealsotalented(你也有天赋)”中的关键词also可知，作者夸赞男孩有天赋。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的很不擅长画人，但你让它看起来很容易。A.struggle奋斗，艰难行进；B.work工作；C.start开始；D.meet遇见。此处与下一个分句“butyoumakeitlookeasy(但是你让它看起来很容易)”之间是转折关系，故此处是男孩说画人物对他来说不容易，故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以在一张纸上画自然，而我在另一张纸上画人物。A.girls女孩；B.people人们；C.boys男孩；D.nature自然。根据上文“withhisdrawingsofnature”及空后“whileIdrawthepeopleonanother”可知，男孩擅长画自然，作者让男孩画自然，自己画人物，故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们交换并完成彼此的画。A.search搜寻；B.exchange交换；C.imagine想象；D.destroy毁灭。根据“finisheachother’sdrawings”可知，两人交换，完成对方的画，故选B。【28题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：这样，两幅画都能展示我们的才华。A.all（三者及三者以上的）全部；B.both两者都；C.none没有一个；D.neither两者都不。根据上文内容可知，作者画一幅，男孩画一幅，然后交换完成彼此的画，所以是两张画都展示了他们的才华，故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约一个小时后，我们完成了我们的画作。A.began开始；B.made 制作；C.finished完成；D.sold售卖。根据空前“Aboutanhourlater”及下文“Ourdrawingscombinedourtalents...”可知，大约一个小时后两人完成了画作，故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的绘画结合了我们的才华和新的友谊，我相信这种友谊会持续到永远。A.friendship友谊；B.challenge挑战；C.behavior行为；D.position位置，姿势。结合“whichIbelievewouldlastforever”可知，作者和男孩因一起画画应是成为了朋友，故选A。第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIwasneververyneat,whilemyroommateKatewasextremelyorganized.Eachofherobjectshaditsplace,butminealwayshidsomewhere.Sheevenlabeled(贴标签)everything.Ialwayslookedforeverything.Overtime,KategotneaterandIgotmessier.Shewouldpushmydirtyclothingover,andIwouldlaymybooksonhertidydesk.Webothgottiredofeachother.Warbrokeoutoneevening.Katecameintotheroom.Soon,Iheardherscreaming,“Takeyourshoesaway!Whyundermybed!”Deafened,Isawmyshoesflyingatme.Ijumpedtomyfeetandstartedyelling.Sheyelledbacklouder.Theroomwasfilledwithanger.Wecouldnothavestayedtogetherforasingleminutebutforaphonecall.Kateansweredit.Fromherendoftheconversation,Icouldtellrightawayhergrandmawasseriouslyill.Whenshehungup,shequicklycrawled(爬)underhercovers,sobbing.Obviously,thatwassomethingsheshouldnotgothroughphone.Allofasudden,awarmfeelingofsympathyroseupinmyheart.Slowly,Icollectedthepencils,tookbackthebooks,mademybed,cleanedthesocksandsweptthefloor,evenonherside.IgotsointomyworkthatIevendidn’tnoticedKatehadsatup.Shewaswatching,hertearsdriedandherexpressiononeofdisbelief.Then,shereachedoutherhandstograspmine.Ilookedupintohereyes.Shesmiledatme,“Thanks.”KateandIstayedroommatesfortherestoftheyear.Wedidn’talwaysagree,butwelearnedthekeytolivingtogether:givingin,clearningupandholdingon.31.WhatmadeKateangryoneevening?A.Shecouldn’tfindherbooks. B.Sheheardtheauthorshoutingloud.C.Shegotthenewsthathergrandmawasill.D.Shesawtheauthor’sshoesbeneathherbed.32.Theauthortidieduptheroommostprobablybecause______.A.shewasscaredbyKate’sangerB.shehatedherselfforbeingsomessyC.shewantedtoshowhercareD.shewasaskedbyKatetodoso33.HowisParagraph1mainlydeveloped?A.Byanalyzingcauses.B.Byshowingdifferences.C.Bydescribingaprocess.D.Byfollowingtimeorder.34.Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword“sobbing”inthethirdparagraph?A.laughingB.cryingC.talkingD.moving35.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthestory?A.MyFriendKateB.HardWorkPaysOffC.HowtoBeOrganizedD.LearningtoBeRoommates【答案】31.D32.C33.B34.B35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者与室友生活习惯迥异，冲突在所难免。在室友因奶奶病重感到悲痛之时，作者以实际行动表达自己的同情，从而两个人和好了。作者从中懂得一个道理：让步、整理房间和坚持是处理室友关系的关键。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“Soon,Iheardherscreaming,‘Takeyourshoesaway!Whyundermybed!’(很快，我听到她尖叫：‘把你的鞋拿走！为什么在我的床下！’)”可知，Kate很生气是因为作者把鞋放到了她的床下。故选D项。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的句子“Allofasudden,awarmfeelingofsympathyroseupinmyheart.Slowly,Icollectedthepencils,tookbackthebooks,mademybed,cleanedthesocksandsweptthefloor,evenonherside.IgotsointomyworkthatIevendidn’tnoticedKatehadsatup.(突然，一股温暖的同情之情涌上我的心头。慢慢地，我收起铅笔，收回书本，整理床铺，把袜子清走，扫地，甚至打扫了她的那边。我太投入工作了，甚至没有注意到凯特已经坐起来了)”可以推出，作者收拾房间主要是为了表示她对Kate的关心。故选C项。 【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段句子“Iwasneververyneat,whilemyroommateKatewasextremelyorganized.Eachofherobjectshaditsplace,butminealwayshidsomewhere.Sheevenlabeled(贴标签)everything.Ialwayslookedforeverything.Overtime,KategotneaterandIgotmessier.(我从来不是很整洁的人，而我的室友凯特却非常有条理。她的东西各有各的位置，而我的东西总是藏在某个地方。她甚至给每样东西都贴标签。我总是寻找一切。随着时间的推移，凯特变得更整洁，而我变得更混乱)”可知，作者是通过讲述她和Kate的不同来展开第一段的内容的。故选B项。【34题详解】词义猜测题。根据上一句话“Fromherendoftheconversation,Icouldtellrightawayhergrandmawasseriouslyill.(从她最后的谈话中，我马上就知道她奶奶病得很重)”和划线词前面的内容“Whenshehungup,shequicklycrawled(爬)underhercovers（挂断电话后，她很快就钻进被窝里）”可知，在得知奶奶病重后，Kate肯定是钻进被窝里哭了。故划线词意为“哭泣”。故选B项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。作者通过生活中的经历悟出了和室友相处的关键：让步、整理房间和坚持下去。所以用D项“LearningtoBeRoommates(学会做室友)”作为本文的题目与文章内容相符。故选D项。BInchoosingafriend,oneshouldbeverycareful.Agoodfriendcanhelpyoustudy.Youcanhavefuntogetherandmakeeachotherhappy.Sometimesyouwillmeetfair-weatherfriends.Theywillbewithyouaslongasyouhavemoneyorluck,butwhenyouaredown,theywillrunaway.HowdoIknowwhenIhavefoundagoodfriend?Inmyopinion,understandingisthemostimportantqualityinchoosingagoodfriend.Agoodfriendtriestounderstandhowanotherpersonisfeeling.Heisnotquicktojudge.Instead,hetriestothinkofwaystobehelpful.Heisalsoagoodlistener.Atthesametimehowever,agoodfriendishonest.Hedoesnotlookforfaultsinothers.Henoticestheirgoodpoints.Inshort,afriendwilltrytounderstandmeandacceptme.Anotherqualityofafriendisreliability.Icanalwaysdependonagoodfriend.Ifhetellsmehe willmeetmesomewhereatacertaintime,Icanbesurethathewillbethere.IfIneedafavor,hewilldohisbesttohelpme.IfIamintrouble,hewillnotrunawayfromme.Thereisafourthqualitythatmakesfriendspecial.Aspecialfriendissomeonewithwhomwecanhavefun.Weshouldenjoyourlives,andwewouldenjoyourfriendship.ThatiswhyIespeciallylikefriendswhoarefuntobewith.AgoodfriendlikesthesamethingsIlike.Weshareexperiencesandlearnfromeachother.Agoodfriendhasasenseofhumor,too.Helikestolaughwithme.Thatishowweshareinthejoyofbeingfriends.AndIknowthatheislookingforthesamequalityinme.WhenImeetsomeonethatisreliable,honest,andunderstanding,IknowI’vefoundagoodfriend.36.Intheopinionofthewriter,whatisthemostimportantinchoosingagoodfriend?A.Asenseofhumor.B.Sharingexperiences.C.Agoodlistener.D.Understanding.37.Ifyouhavefair-weatherfriends,______.A.youwillberefusedwhenyougetintotrouble.B.theywillgiveyouallthattheyhavewhenyouneedhelpC.youwillbecomerichD.youcanbesurethatyougetrealfriends38.Goodfriendsneedto______.A.havemoneyorluckB.understandeachother’sfeelingC.behelpedwithmoneyD.alwayspointouteachother’smistakes39.Thepassageismainlyabout______.A.howtogetalongwithfriendsB.wheretochoosefriendsC.thequalitiesoffriendsD.theimportanceofhavingafriend40.Theunderlinedword“reliability”meanssomeonethatyouwill______.A.relyonB.callonC.goonD.holdon【答案】36.D37.A38.B39.C40.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了好朋友应该具备的四个优良品质。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Inmyopinion,understandingisthemostimportantqualityinchoosing agoodfriend.(在我看来，理解是选择好朋友最重要的品质。)”可知，在作者看来，选择好朋友最重要的是理解。故选D项。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Sometimesyouwillmeetfair-weatherfriends.Theywillbewithyouaslongasyouhavemoneyorluck,butwhenyouaredown,theywillrunaway.(有时你会遇到酒肉朋友。只要你有钱或有运气，他们就会和你在一起，但当你失意时，他们就会跑掉。)”可知，如果你遇到的是酒肉朋友，当你陷入困境求助时，你会遭到拒绝。故选A项。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Agoodfriendtriestounderstandhowanotherpersonisfeeling.(好朋友会努力去理解另一个人的感受。)”可知，好朋友需要理解对方的感受。故选B项。【39题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据倒数第二段中“Thereisafourthqualitythatmakesfriendspecial.(有第四种品质使朋友不同寻常。)”以及最后一段中“WhenImeetsomeonethatisreliable,honest,andunderstanding,IknowI’vefoundagoodfriend.(当我遇到一个可靠，诚实，善解人意的人，我知道我找到了一个好朋友。)”可知，本文主要介绍了好朋友的四个优良品质，所以本文是关于朋友的品质的。故选C项。【40题详解】词句猜测题。划线词句后文“Icanalwaysdependonagoodfriend.(我总能依靠一个好朋友。)”说明好朋友是可以依赖的，是可靠的，从而推知划线词句“Anotherqualityofafriendisreliability.(朋友的另一个品质是reliability)”其中划线词汇意思应为“可靠”，选项A“依赖”与之意义最为接近。故选A项。CTheEnglishlanguageischanging,andyouareresponsible!Whetherweconsiderchangesingrammar,spelling,pronunciation,ortheveryvocabularyofthelanguage,youhaveplayedyourpartandcontinuetodoso.Whenwefirstlearnedbasicgrammarandspelling,perhapsinelementaryschool,wemighthavegottentheimpressionthatthesethingsweresacred(神圣的).Therulesthatapplytosuchthingsmighthavebeenpresentedasunchangingandunchangeable.Whilethiswaymightbehelpfulforteachingchildren,itisfarfromaccurate.TheEnglishlanguage,likemanyothers,isaliving,growing,ever-evolving(演变)thing.Likeit ornot,youareinvolvedinthischange.Thesechangestakemanyforms.Grammarandspellinghavechangedgreatlyovertheyearsandcenturies,withthespellingdifferencesindifferentcountriestodayareflectionofthis.WhilethelanguageofathousandyearsagomightbecalledEnglish,mostofuswouldhardlyrecognizeittodayasthesamelanguage.Thefirstinvolveschangesinthepronunciationofwords.ManyarefamiliarwiththedifferencesbetweentheBritishandAmericanwaysofpronouncingcertainwords.Inadditiontothesedifferences,thepronunciationofmanywordshaschangedovertheyearsbecauseofhowyouhavedecidedtopronouncethem.Forexample,considertheword“err.”Thetraditionalpronunciationofthiswordrhymeswiththeword“her.”Olderdictionariesshowthistobetheprimaryoronlypronunciation.However,inrecentyears,moreandmorepeoplehavebeenpronouncingitsothatitsoundslike“air.”Anotherchangeinthelanguageinvolvestheadditionandremovalofwords.ThemakersofdictionariesdecidewhichwordsdeservetobeofficiallyadoptedaspartoftheEnglishlanguage.Throughthecenturies,manywordshavecomefromotherlanguages.Infact,Englishhasprobablydonethismorethananyotherlanguageintheworld,whichiswhyspellingandpronunciationrulesforEnglishhavesomanyexceptions.Ofcourse,manyslangwords(俚语)havebeenjustshort-livedfashionsthathavediedoutquickly.Others,though,havebeenadoptedbymainstreamsocietyandbecomerespectable,ashavemanytechnicalterms.Sothenremember,thenexttimeyourepeatthenewestexpressiontohitthestreet,ormakeupyourownwords,youmaybecontributingtothefutureoftheEnglishlanguage.41.WhenwebegintolearnEnglish,wethink______.A.itisinterestingtopickupanewlanguageB.EnglishrulesarewronglypresentedinfactC.grammarandspeilingrulesareunchangeableD.onlyadultshavetheabilitytoaffectalanguage42.Theunderlinedword“accurate”inParagraph2means______ineverydetail.A.correctB.wrongC.differentD.similar43.Fromparagraph3wecanknowthat______.A.wecanchangetheEnglishlanguageB.manylanguagesarechangingoveryearsC.Englishhaschangedlittleinthepast1,000years D.thereweremainchangesingrammarandpronunciation44.Whyisthepronunciationofwordschanging?A.Becausepeoplechoosethewaytopronouncethem.B.Becausethosewordsaretoodifficulttopronounce.C.Becausethespellingsofwordschange.D.Becausetechnologydevelopsgreatlyinmodernsociety.45.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ForeignwordsinvolvedinEnglish.B.SlangwordsreshapetheEnglishworld.C.Englishlanguageischangeable.D.BritishspeaksdifferentlyfromAmericans.【答案】41.C42.A43.B44.A45.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英语这一语言一直在变化，而在这个变化中，我们每个人都起着作用，无论从语法、拼写、发音或语言词汇的变化，而且我们并将继续这样做。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Whenwefirstlearnedbasicgrammarandspelling,perhapsinelementaryschool,wemighthavegottentheimpressionthatthesethingsweresacred(神圣的).Therulesthatapplytosuchthingsmighthavebeenpresentedasunchangingandunchangeable.(当我们第一次学习基本的语法和拼写时，也许是在小学，我们可能会有这样的印象，这些东西是神圣的。适用于这些事情的规则可能被描述为不变的和不可改变的)”可知，当我们开始学习英语时，我们认为语法和拼写规则是不可改变的。故选C。【42题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词前一句“Therulesthatapplytosuchthingsmighthavebeenpresentedasunchangingandunchangeable.”（适用于这些事情的规则可能被描述为不变的和不可改变的。）可知，语法和拼写的规则是不变的，不可改变的。划线词所在句“Whilethiswaymightbehelpfulforteachingchildren,itisfarfromaccurate.”（虽然这种方法可能有助于教育孩子，但它远远不够accurate。）可知，学习语法和拼写的规则的方法可能有助于教育孩子，但是远远不够。即这个方法在每个细节上并非是正确的。可推知，划线词此处的含义为“准确，正确”，故选A。【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“TheEnglishlanguage,likemanyothers,isaliving,growing,ever-evolving(演变)thing.Likeitornot,youareinvolved(参与)inthischange.Thesechangestakemanyforms.Grammarandspellinghavechangedgreatlyovertheyearsandcenturies,withthespellingdifferencesindifferentcountriestodayareflectionofthis.(英语和其他许多语言一样，是一种活的、成长的、不断进化的语言。不管你喜不喜欢，你都参与了这个变化。这些变化有多种形式。几个世纪以来，语法和拼写发生了巨大的变化，今天不同国家的拼写差异反映了这一点)”可知，许多语言多年来都在变化。故选B。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Inadditiontothesedifferences,thepronunciationofmanywordshaschangedovertheyearsbecauseofhowyouhavedecidedtopronouncethem.(除了这些差异之外，许多单词的发音多年来也因为你决定如何发音而发生了变化)”可知，人们选择的发音的方式不同导致了单词发音不同。故选A。【45题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“TheEnglishlanguageischanging,andyouareresponsible!(英语正在发生变化，你要负责)”以及下文内容可知，英语正在发生改变，你也有责任！结合文章主要说明了英语正在发生改变，且每个人都参与其中。指出英语和其他许多语言一样，是一种活的、成长的、不断进化的语言。不管你喜不喜欢，你都参与了这个变化。同时分析了英语发生变化的原因。由此可知，C选项“英语语言是可改变的”最符合文章标题。故选C。非选择题(满分25分)第四部分：写作(共两节，满分25分)第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。Areyouagedbetween14and19yearsold?Doyoucareaboutyourlocalenvironment?Wouldyouliketohelpmaketheareayouliveinbetter,cleaner,saferandfriendlier?Ifyouranswersare‘yes’,‘yes’and‘yes’,thenreadon!Alocalorganizationiscarryingoutaproject,givingmoneytogroupsofteenagerswhowanttobecomeactivecitizens.Hereareafeweasythingsyoucoulddotogetstarted.Meetingtheneighbors.Everybodyneedsgoodneighbors.Knockonpeople’sdoorsandfindoutwhattheywouldliketoimproveinyourarea.Setadateforameetingandthenmakesomeplanstogether.Ifyoudon’twanttogoroundtotheirhouses,thenyoucouldalwaysputanotethroughtheir doors.Neighborhoodwatch.ItisverypopularintheUK.Ifyougoawayonholidayandleaveyourhouse,it’sverynicetoknowthataneighboriskeepinganeyeonit.It’sagoodwaytomaketheareayouliveinsafer.Lendingahand.Thereareoftenelderlypeoplelivingintheneighborhoodwhomaynotbeabletodothethingsthatyoucan.Offertodotheirshoppingonceaweek,lookaftertheirgardensforthemormaybewalktheirdogs!Nolittering.Nobodylikespickingupotherpeople’srubbish,butacleanstreetcanmakeallthedifference.Gooutonceortwiceaweekandseewhatyoucanfind.Youneverknow,onedayyoumightfindsomethingvaluable!Justtelluswhatyouwanttodo.Thenwe’llsendyoumoreinformation.46.Whatistheaimoftheproject?(nomorethan15words)________________________________________________47.Whoisaskedtotakepartintheproject?(nomorethan15words)________________________________________________48.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“lendingahand”meaninEnglish?(nomorethan6words)________________________________________________49.Howoftenaretheteenagersadvisedtogetaroundandpickuprubbish?(nomorethan5words)________________________________________________50.Whatwillyoudoifyoubecomeamemberoftheproject?Why?(nomorethan25words)________________________________________________【答案】46.Tomaketheareapeopleliveinbetter,cleaner,saferandfriendlier.47.Teenagersfrom14to19.48.Helpingsomeonewhoneedshelp.Or:Offeringhelp.49.Onceortwiceaweek.50.Iwillcareforneighbors,watchneighborhood,helpothersanddon’tlitter.Becausebydoingsoourcommunitycanbecomebetter,cleaner,saferandfriendlier.【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了一个项目，号召青少年关心当地环境，行动起来，让自己生活的地方更美好、更干净、更安全、更友好。 【46题详解】考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Doyoucareaboutyourlocalenvironment?Wouldyouliketohelpmaketheareayouliveinbetter,cleaner,saferandfriendlier?(你愿意帮助你生活的地方变得更好、更干净、更安全、更友好吗？)”以及“Alocalorganizationiscarryingoutaproject,givingmoneytogroupsofteenagerswhowanttobecomeactivecitizens.(当地的一个组织正在进行一个项目，向想要成为积极公民的青少年群体提供资金。)”可知，这个项目的目的是为了让人们生活的区域更美好、更干净、更安全、更友好。故答案为Tomaketheareapeopleliveinbetter,cleaner,saferandfriendlier.【47题详解】考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Areyouagedbetween14and19yearsold?(你的年龄在14到19岁之间吗？)”可知，被要求参加这个项目人是从14到19的青少年。故答案为Teenagersfrom14to19.【48题详解】考查词句猜测。根据划线词语后文“Thereareoftenelderlypeoplelivingintheneighborhoodwhomaynotbeabletodothethingsthatyoucan.Offertodotheirshoppingonceaweek,lookaftertheirgardensforthemormaybewalktheirdogs!(经常有老年人居住在附近，他们可能不能做你能做事情。每周帮他们买一次东西，帮他们照看花园，或者帮他们遛狗!)”可知，这里讲的是积极主动地为需要帮助的人提供帮助，所以lendingahand的意思是“帮助需要帮助的人或提供帮助”。故答案为Helpingsomeonewhoneedshelp.Or:Offeringhelp.【49题详解】考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中“Gooutonceortwiceaweekandseewhatyoucanfind.(每周出去一两次，看看你能捡到什么。)”可知，建议青少年每周出去一次或两次捡垃圾。故答案为Onceortwiceaweek.【50题详解】考查开放性试题。通读全文，根据第一段中“Doyoucareaboutyourlocalenvironment?Wouldyouliketohelpmaketheareayouliveinbetter,cleaner,saferandfriendlier?(你关心你当地的环境吗？你愿意帮助你生活的地方变得更美好、更干净、更安全、更友好吗？)”以及“Hereareafeweasythingsyoucoulddotogetstarted.(这里有一些你可以开始做的简单的事情。) ”可知，本文主要介绍一个项目，号召青少年关心当地环境，行动起来，让自己生活的地方更美好、更干净、更安全、更友好。作为项目中的一员，我们照顾邻居，守望社区，帮助他人，不乱扔垃圾。因为这样做，我们的社区可以变得更美好、更清洁、更安全和更友好。故答案为Iwillcareforneighbors,watchneighborhood,helpothersanddon’tlitter.Becausebydoingsoourcommunitycanbecomebetter,cleaner,saferandfriendlier.第二节：书面表达(满分15分)51.在英语课上，老师要求同学们以“HowIlearnEnglish”为题，交流学习英语的经验和体会。请你根据下面表格中的内容写一篇发言稿。MethodsResultslearnmorewordsunderstandmoreeasilylistenalotandtalkwitheachotherimprovelisteningandspeakingdoalotofreadingreadfasterkeepajournalwriteinEnglishbetter注意：1.开头已经给出，不计入总词数；短文不少于100词；2.可结合自己实际适当增补内容。Dearclassmates,Now,I’dliketosharewithyouhowIlearnEnglish.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________That’sall.Thankyou.【答案】Dearclassmates,Now,I’dliketosharewithyouhowIlearnEnglish.First,Itrytolearnmorewords,soIcanunderstandthepassagemoreeasily.Second,Ilistenalotandtalkwitheachotherinmyfreetimeinordertoimprovemylisteningandspeakingskills.Third,itisnecessarytodoalotofreading,whichcanmakemereadfaster.Lastbutnotleast,Imakeitaruleto keepajournaleverydayforthepurposeofwritinginEnglishbetter.Inaword,onlybyworkinghardcanweimproveourEnglish.That’sall.Thankyou.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“HowIlearnEnglish”为题写一篇发言稿，交流学习英语的经验和体会。【详解】1.词汇积累文章：passage→article空闲时间：freetime→sparetime为了：forthepurposeof→withtheintentionof总之：inaword→inshort2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Second,Ilistenalotandtalkwitheachotherinmyfreetimeinordertoimprovemylisteningandspeakingskills.拓展句：Second,IlistenalotandtalkwitheachotherinmyfreetimeinorderthatIcanimprovemylisteningandspeakingskills.【点睛】【高分句型1】Third,itisnecessarytodoalotofreading,whichcanmakemereadfaster.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】Inaword,onlybyworkinghardcanweimproveourEnglish.（运用了倒装句）