湖南省长沙市长沙县、望城区、浏阳市2021-2022学年高二英语上学期期末调研试卷（Word版附解析）

2021年下学期期末调研考试试卷高二英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1WhatdoesthewomanwantTomtodofirst?A.Finishhishomework.B.Dosomegardening.C.Movethechairsin.2.WhendoesthenexttrainarriveinMiami?A.At11:00am.B.At3:00pm.C.At4:00pm.3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atarestaurant.B.Atastore.C.Athome.4.WhathappenedtoKaren?A.Shewasbadlyhurt.B.Shelosthermemory.C.Shegotshockedbybadnews.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Areport.B.Afriend.C.Aparty.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6WhywasAmyabsentfromthemusicfestival?A.Shetookanexam.B.Shedidn’tfeelwell.C.Shedislikesrockmusic.7.Whatkindofmusicdoesthemanlikebest?A.Jazz.B.Rockmusic.C.Classicalmusic.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatisthewoman’swritingsampleabout?A.Futurecareers.B.Astudents’play.C.Aliteraturecomment. 9.Whatpositionwillthemanprobablyapplyfor?A.Editor.B.Writer.C.Photographer.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Bossandemployee.C.Teacherandstudent.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhydidMarksearchaboutsunbears?A.ForresearchB.Forhisschoolwork.C.Forhiscuriosity.12.Whatcanwelearnaboutsunbears?A.Theymainlyliveonmeat.B.Theyoftenlivealone.C.Theylooklikegorillas.13.Whatwillthespeakerstalkaboutnextconcerningsunbears?A.Theirdailymovements.B.Theireatinghabits,C.Theirappearance.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Howmanygroupsarethepeoplesurveyeddividedinto?A.2.B.3.C.4.15.Whatkindofsportdoesthemostactivegrouplikemost?A.Jogging.B.SwimmingC.Cycling.16.Wheredothespeakersprobablywork?A.Inauniversity.B.Inashoefactory.C.Inagym.17.Whichgroupdothespeakersspeakofatlast?A.Theold.B.Themiddle-aged.C.Theyoung.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhatwasAnaReyes’problemwhenshestartedschool?A.Shefearedtotalkwithotherstudents.B.Shecouldn’tunderstandEnglish.C.Shefelthomesickterribly.19.WhydidPattalktoAnaReyes’mother?A.TohelpAnaReyesstudy.B.Tocomplaintoher.C.Toaskforsomeadvice.20.HowisAnaReyestowardPat?A.Encouraging.B.Sympathetic.C.Grateful.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AUnityBow,Australia AnAustralianweddingceremonymightfeaturethetraditionofaUnityBowl.Guestsaregivenstonesandaskedtoholdthenduringtheceremony.Attheend,guestsplacethestonesinadecorativebowlthatthecouplewillkeepanddisplayafterwards,toremindthemofthesupportandpresenceoftheirfriendsandfamily.Blackening,ScotlandInthisScottishtradition,thebride,groom,orbotharetakenoutonthedaybeforetheirwedding,providedwithalcohol,andcoveredintreacle(糖浆),ash,feathers,andflourbyfriendsandfamily.Thecelebratorymesswasoriginallycriedouttoavoidevilspiritsandbringgoodluck.AGoosefortheBride,KoreaAccordingtoKoreantradition,groomsoncegavetheirmother-in-lawwildgeeseorducks;theyaremonogamous(一夫一妻制的)animalsandrepresentthegroom’spureintentionsandloyaltytohisbride.Inamoremoderntradition,bridesandgroomsexchangewoodengeeseandducksontheirweddingdayasasignoftheircommitment.BridalSedansandRedUmbrellas,ChinaAtraditionalChineseweddingfeaturesafullprocession,withthebrideescortedtotheceremonyinbridalsedan.RedisapowerfulcolourinChineseweddings,symbolizingboldness,luck,andlove.Accordingtotradition,thebridewearsaredveiltohideherface,andhermotherorattendantholdsaredumbrellaoverthebride’shead,asuperstition(迷信)toencouragefertility(生有)andgrowhereownfamily.1.InanAustralianweddingceremony,guestscanoftensee______.A.redumbrellasB.bowlsfilledwithstonesC.wildanimalsD.adrunknewly-weddingcouple2.IfyouareinterestedinweddingculturesinAsia,youcanvisit______.AKorea&ChinaB.Scotland&ChinaC.Australia&KoreaD.Australia&Scotland3.Whatcanbeinferredaccordingtothedescriptionsoftheweddingceremony?A.Guestsplaytricksonthebridesandthegrooms.BThebridesandthegroomsexchangeweddingrings.C.Gustsgiveexpensivepresentstothebridesandthegrooms. D.Thebridesandthegroomsareblessedwithbestwishesandgoodluck.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个国家的不同的婚礼文化。【1题详解】细节理解题。由第一段“Attheend,guestsplacethestonesinadecorativebowlthatthecouplewillkeepanddisplayafterwards,toremindthemofthesupportandpresenceoftheirfriendsandfamily.”（最后，客人将石头放入装饰碗中，这对夫妇将保留并在之后展示，以提醒他们朋友和家人的支持和存在。）可知，澳大利亚人的婚礼上可能会看到一碗一碗的石头。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。由第三个小标题“AGoosefortheBride,Korea”（新娘的鹅，韩国）和第四个小标题“BridalSedansandRedUmbrellas,China”（新娘轿车和红伞，中国）可知，如果对亚洲的婚礼文化感兴趣，可以参观韩国和中国。故选A项。【3题详解】推理判断题。由第二段“InthisScottishtradition,thebride,groom,orbotharetakenoutonthedaybeforetheirwedding,providedwithalcohol,andcoveredintreacle(糖浆),ash,feathers,andflourbyfriendsandfamily.Thecelebratorymesswasoriginallycriedouttoavoidevilspiritsandbringgoodluck.”（在这个苏格兰传统中，新娘、新郎或两者都在婚礼前一天被带走，提供酒精，并由朋友和家人用糖浆、灰烬、羽毛和面粉覆盖。庆祝的混乱最初是为了避邪和带来好运。）可知，新郎和新娘被祝愿好运。故选D项。BSuddenlyUncleHenrystoodup.“There’sacyclonecoming,Em,”hecalledtohiswife.“I’llgotolookafterthestock.”Thenherantowardtheshedswherethecowsandhorseswerekept.AuntEmdroppedherworkandcametothedoor.Oneglancetoldherofthedangercloseathand.“Quick,Dorothy!”shescreamed.“Runforthecellar(地客)!”TotojumpedoutofDorothy’sarmsandhidunderthebed,andthegirlstartedtogethim.AuntEm,badlyfrightened,threwopenthetrapdoorinthefloorandclimbeddowntheladderintothesmall,darkhole.DorothycaughtTotoatlastandstartedtofollowheraunt.Whenshewashalfwayacrosstheroomtherecameagreatroar(咆哮)fromthewind,andthehouseshooksohardthatshelostherfootingandsatdownsuddenlyuponthefloor.Thenastrangethinghappened.Thehousecircledaroundtwoorthreetimesandroseslowly throughtheair.Dorothyfeltasifsheweregoingupinaballoon.Itwasverydark,andthewindblewhorriblyaroundher,butDorothyfoundshewasridingquiteeasily.Afterthefirstfewtwistsandturns,andoneothertimewhenthehousetippedbadly,shefeltasifshewerebeingrockedgently,likeababyinacradle(摇篮).Totodidnotlikeit.Heranabouttheroom,nowhere,nowthere,barkingloudly;butDorothysatquitestillonthefloorandwaitedtoseewhatwouldhappen.Atlastshecrawledovertheswingingfloortoherbed,andlaydownuponit;andTotofollowedandlaydownbesideher.Inspiteoftheswingingofthehouseandthecryingofthewind,Dorothysoonclosedhereyesandfellfastasleep.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cyclone”inparagraph1probablymean?A.hurricaneB.floodC.monsterD.earthquake5.WhydidAuntEmgointotheholeinthefloorwhenthecycloneapproached?A.TofindthepuppyToto.B.Tofindshelterfromthecyclone.C.Toprotecttheirfortune.D.TogettoolstohelpHenry.6.WhichofthefollowingisTrueaboutDorothy?A.Shemanagedtocontrolthehouse.B.Shefoundherselfflyinginaballoon.C.Sheturnedbabycryingloudly.D.SheremainedundisturbedwithToto.7.WhichwordscanbestdescribeDorothyintheemergency?A.Afraidandfrightened.B.Curiousandtired.C.Flexibleandcalm.D.Excitedandnervous.【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.C【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了当风暴来临时一家人对风暴不同的反应。Em姨妈快速地寻找庇护所，Henry急忙去看家畜，Dorothy也并没有慌张，而是灵活镇定地应对这场风暴。【4题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段“There’sacyclonecoming,Em,(艾米,cyclone来了)”和下文中提到的 “thewind”，以及第三段中的“thehousetippedbadly,shefeltasifshewerebeingrockedgently,likeababyinacradle.(房子倾斜地厉害，他感觉好像她当时正在被轻轻摇动，像一个在摇篮里的婴儿)”可推知，划线词cyclone指的“风暴”，与hurricane词义相近。故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“AuntEm,badlyfrightened,threwopenthetrapdoorinthefloorandclimbeddowntheladderintothesmall,darkhole.(Em姨妈吓坏了，把地板上的活板门打开了，顺着梯子爬进了一个小黑洞中)”可知，风暴接近时，Em姨妈钻进地板下面的洞中，是为了在风暴来临时寻找庇护所。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Atlastshecrawledovertheswingingfloortoherbed,andlaydownuponit;andTotofollowedandlaydownbesideher.Inspiteoftheswingingofthehouseandthecryingofthewind,Dorothysoonclosedhereyesandfellfastasleep.(最后，她爬过摆动的地板到了床上。Toto跟着她在旁边躺下。尽管房子在摇晃，风声很大，但Dorothy很快还是闭上了眼睛睡着了)”可知，Dorothy和Toto似乎并没有受到打扰。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“TotojumpedoutofDorothy’sarmsandhidunderthebed,andthegirlstartedtogethim.AuntEm,badlyfrightened,threwopenthetrapdoorinthefloorandclimbeddowntheladderintothesmall,darkhole.DorothycaughtTotoatlastandstartedtofollowheraunt.(Toto从Dorothy的怀里跳出来，藏在床底下，Dorothy也开始去抓它。Em婶婶吓坏了，打开地板上的活板门，爬下梯子，进了那个又小又黑的洞里。Dorothy终于抓住了Toto，开始跟着她的姑妈)”、第三段“Itwasverydark,andthewindblewhorriblyaroundher,butDorothyfoundshewasridingquiteeasily.(天很黑，风在她周围可怕地吹着，但是多萝茜发现她飞得很轻松)”和倒数第二段“Inspiteoftheswingingofthehouseandthecryingofthewind,Dorothysoonclosedhereyesandfellfastasleep.(尽管房子在摇晃，风声很大，但Dorothy很快还是闭上了眼睛睡着了）”可推知，Dorothy在风暴中，并不慌张，而是灵活镇定地应对这场风暴。故选C。CHundredsofmillionshaverolleduptheirsleevesfortheCOVID-19vaccine,butwhyhaven’ttheyrolleduptheirpantsinstead?What’shesciencebehindwhywegetmostvaccinesinourarm?Mostvaccinesaregiveninthemuscle—thisisknownasanintramuscularinjection(肌肉注射).Somevaccines,aregivenorally.Othersaregivenjustbeneaththeskin. Butwhyishemusclesoimportant,anddocslocationmatter?Musclesmakeanexcellentvaccineadministration(药物的施用)sitebecausemuscletissuecontainsimportantimmunecellsTheeimmunecellsrecognizetheantigen,atinypieceofavirusorbacteriaintroducedbythevaccinethatstimulatesanimmuneresponse.InthecaseoftheCOVID-19vaccinetheimmunecellsinthemuscletissuepickuptheseantigens(抗原)andpresentthermtothelymphnodes(淋巴结).Injectingthevaccineintomuscletissuekeepsthevaccinelocalized,allowingimmunecellstosoundthealarmtootherimmunecellsandgettowork.Onceavaccineisrecognizedbytheimmunecellsinthemuscle,thesecellscarrytheantigentolymphvessels,whichtransporttheantigen-carryingimmunecellsintothelymphnodes.Lymphnodes,importantpartsofourimmunesystem,containmoreimmunecellsthatrecognizetheantigensinvaccinesandstarttheimmuneprocessofcreatingantibodies.Muscletissuealsotendstokeepvaccinereactionslocalized.Injectingavaccineintothedeltoid(三角肌)musclemayresultinlocalinflammation(红肿)orsorenessattheinjectionsite.Ifcertainvaccinesareinjectedintofatissue,thechanceofirritation(刺激)andinflammationreactionincreasesbecausefattissuehaspoorbloodsupply,leadingtopoorabsorptionofsomevaccinecomponents.Yetanotherdecidingfactorinvaccineadministrationlocationisthesizeofthemuscle.Adultsandchildrenagedthreeandoldertendtoreceivevaccinesintheirupperarminthedeltoid.Youngerchildrenreceivetheirvaccinesmid-thigh(大腿)becausetheirarmmusclesaresmallerandlessdeveloped.Anotherconsiderationduringvaccineadministrationisconvenienceandpatientacceptability.Canyouimaginetakingdownyourpantsataclinicwithstrangersaround?Rollingupyoursleeveismucheasierandmorepreferred.8.Howmanyreasonsarementionedforthevaccinesgiveninthemuscle?A.2B.3C.4D.59.Accordingtothepassage,formostpeople,______isthepreferredvaccinationsite.A.thelymphnodesB.themouthC.thearmD.thethigh10.Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression“pickup”inthefourthparagraphprobably______mean?A.recognizeB.gatherC.cleanupD.comedownwith 11.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Don’tbeafraidofinjectionB.whywegetshotsinthearmC.AninterestingsecrettoinjectionD.Howvaccinesaregivenintothemuscle【答案】8.C9.C10.A11.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了打疫苗为什么选择在胳膊上。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Musclesmakeanexcellentvaccineadministration(药物的施用)sitebecausemuscletissuecontainsimportantimmunecellsTheeimmunecellsrecognizetheantigen(肌肉是完美的疫苗药物的施用地方，因为肌肉包含重要的免疫细胞。这些免疫细胞能够辨认抗原)”；第五段“Muscletissuealsotendstokeepvaccinereactionslocalized.(肌肉组织也趋向于保持疫苗反应局部化)；第六段“Yetanotherdecidingfactorinvaccineadministrationlocationisthesizeofthemuscle.(另外一个决定疫苗施用的位置是肌肉的尺寸)”；第七段“Anotherconsiderationduringvaccineadministrationisconvenienceandpatientacceptability.(还有一个考虑的是便利和病人的接受性)”可知，疫苗注射在肌肉上有四个原因。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Adultsandchildrenagedthreeandoldertendtoreceivevaccinesintheirupperarminthedeltoid.(成人和年龄在三岁以上的孩子趋向于注射疫苗在三角肌的胳膊上半部)”可知，对于大多数人来说，胳膊是注射疫苗的最佳位置。故选C。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段“InthecaseoftheCOVID-19vaccinetheimmunecellsinthemuscletissuepickuptheseantigens(抗原)andpresentthemtothelymphnodes(淋巴结).(在新冠疫苗中，肌肉组织的免疫细胞辨认出这些抗原，然后将他们交给淋巴结)”可知，要将他们交给淋巴结，首先要辨认出这些抗原。因此pickup的意思是辨认出，故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“What’sthesciencebehindwhywegetmostvaccinesinourarm?(我们在胳膊上注射疫苗的依据是什么)”可知，本文主要分析在胳膊上注射疫苗的原因。故文章的标题是whywegetshotsinthearm。故选B。 DWhenhydrogen(氢气)burns,theonlyby-productiswater—whichiswhyhydrogenhasbeenanattractivezero-carbonenergysourcefordecades.Yetthetraditionalprocessforproducinghydrogen,inwhichfossilfuelsareexposedtosteam,isnotevenremotelyzero-carbon.Hydrogenproducedthiswayiscalledgrayhydrogen;iftheCO2iscapturedandsequestered(封存),itiscalledbluehydrogen.Greenhydrogenisdifferent.Itisproducedthroughelectrolysis(电解),inwhichmachinessplitwaterintohydrogenandoxygen,withnootherby-products.Historically,electrolysisrequiredsomuchelectricitythatitmadelittlesensetoproducehydrogenthatway.Thesituationischangingfortworeasons.First,significantamountsofexcessrenewableelectricityhavebecomeavailableatgrid(输电网)scale;ratherthanstoringexcesselectricityinarraysofbatteries,theextraelectricitycanbeusedtodrivetheelectrolysisofwater,“storing”theelectricityintheformofhydrogen.Second,electrolyzersaregettingmoreefficient.Currentrenewabletechnologiessuchassolarandwindcandecarbonize(脱碳)theenergysectorbyasmuchas85percentbyreplacinggasandcoalwithcleanelectricity.Otherpartsoftheeconomy,suchasshippingandproducing,arehardertoelectrifybecausetheyoftenrequirefuelthatishighinenergydensity(密度)orheatathightemperatures.Greenhydrogenhaspotentialinthesesectors.TheEnergyTransitionsCommission,anindustrygroup,saysgreenhydrogenisoneoffourtechnologiesnecessaryformeetingTheParisAgreementgoalofdecreasingmorethan10gigatonsofcarbondioxideayearfromthemostchallengingindustrialsectors,amongthemmining,constructionandchemicals.Althoughgreenhydrogenisstillontheearlystageofitsdevelopment,countries—especiallythosewithcheaprenewableenergy—areinvestinginthetechnology.Australiawantstoexporthydrogenthatitwouldproduceusingitsplentifulsolarandwindpower,Chilehasplansforhydrogeninthecountry’sdrynorth,wheresolarelectricityisabundant.Chinaaimstoputonemillionhydrogenfuel-cellvehiclesontheroadby2030.Allofwhichiswhy,earlierthisyear,Goldmanpredictedthatgreenhydrogenwillbecomea$12-tilionmarketby2050.12.Whatdoweknowaboutgreenhydrogen?A.Itcanbemadefromfossilfuels.B.Itcanbeextractedfrombluehydrogen.C.Itconsumeslittleelectricitywhenproduced. D.Itreleasesnothingexceptwaterwhenburning.13.Whatmakesitpossibletoproducegreenhydrogenthroughelectrolysis?A.EnoughelectricityandefficientdeviceB.TheextendinglifeandcapacityofbatteriesC.ThelowercostofdifferentcleanenergiesD.Financialsupportfromallsectorsofsociety14.Whatdoesparagraph3wanttoemphasize?A.ThepotentialofcurrentgreenenergyB.ThenecessityofreducingcarbondioxideC.TheadvantagesofgreenhydrogenD.Theresultsofusingwindandsolarpower15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthefutureofgreenhydrogenaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.worriedB.optimisticC.doubtfulD.pessimistic【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了绿色氢气能源的特点、优点和现在使用情况，以及它的前景。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Whenhydrogen(氢气)burns,theonlyby-productiswater—whichiswhyhydrogenhasbeenanattractivezero-carbonenergysourcefordecades（当氢气燃烧时，唯一的副产品就是水——这就是为什么几十年来氢气一直是一种有吸引力的零碳能源）可知，我们对绿色氢的了解就是它燃烧时除了水什么也不释放。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Thesituationischangingfortworeasons.First,significantamountsofexcessrenewableelectricityhavebecomeavailableatgrid(输电网)scale;ratherthanstoringexcesselectricityinarraysofbatteries,theextraelectricitycanbeusedtodrivetheelectrolysisofwater.Second,electrolyzersaregettingmoreefficient（形势变化有两个原因。首先，大量多余的可再生电能已在电网规模上可用；多余的电能可以用来驱动水的电解。第二，电解器效率越来越高。）”可知，充足的电力和高效的设备使电解生产绿色氢气变得容易。故选A。 【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Currentrenewabletechnologiessuchassolarandwindcandecarbonize(脱碳)theenergysectorbyasmuchas85percentbyreplacinggasandcoalwithcleanelectricity（目前的可再生能源技术，如太阳能和风能，通过用清洁的电力取代天然气和煤炭，可以使能源部门脱碳85%）”可知，第三段主要强调的是绿色氢气的优点。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Althoughgreenhydrogenisstillontheearlystageofitsdevelopment,countries—especiallythosewithcheaprenewableenergy—areinvestinginthetechnology（尽管绿色氢气仍处于起步阶段，但各国，尤其是那些拥有廉价的可再生能源的国家，正在对这项技术进行投资）”可知，作者对绿色氢气的未来是乐观的。A.worried担忧的；B.optimistic乐观的；C.doubtful怀疑的；D.pessimistic悲观的。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。FivetrapstoavoidwhenstartingcommunicationwithothersAssumingthatnobodywantstotalktoyou____16____Butyou’renottheonlyone.Ifyou’reworriedaboutseemingconfidentor“natural”,you’remissingthepoint:Stopthinkingaboutyourself.Instead,thinkofreachingoutasanactofservice.Introducingcontroversial(有争议的)topicsIfyou’retalkingtosomeonenew,it’sgenerallybestnottotalkaboutweighty,embarrassingtopics.Forstarters,aimforsomethingsimpleandcloseathandthatyouandtheotherpersoncanobservetogether.____17________18____Onceyou’vemadeaconnectionwitheachother,keepthatconnectiongoingbymakingyourselfeasytounderstand.Ifyouspeakdifferentlanguages,forexample,slowyourspeechandpronounceclearly.Iftheyaskyouwhatyoudoforwork,answerinawaythatdoesn’ttakefiveminutesorusealotofworkplaceterms.Talkingtoomuchaboutyourself—orabouttheotherperson It’softensaidthatpeoplelovetotalkaboutthemselves,andthataskingquestionsisthesecretingredienttogoodconversations.Butthat’snottrueforeveryone.____19____soifyousensethatquestionsaren’twelcome,backoff.Wastingsomeone’stimeIfyou’retalkingtosomeone,talktothem.Don’tstareatthefloororlookovertheirshoulderatanotherperson.Putyourphoneaway.____20____.A.BeinghardtofollowB.Ifyou’reshy,IgetitC.NobodylikestofeelquestionedD.BepresentandgivethemyourfullattentionE.StaringtalkingwithouthavingsomethingtosayF.Maybeit’sthemusicyou’rebothhearing,orthefoodyou’rebothtastingG.It’sallaboutcreatingacomfortableopportunityfortheotherpersontorespond【答案】16.B17.F18.A19.C20.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了和别人聊天时需要避免的5个陷阱。【16题详解】下文“Butyou’renottheonlyone.Ifyou’reworriedaboutseemingconfidentor“natural”,you’remissingthepoint”（但你不是唯一一个。如果您担心显得自信或“自然”，那您就错过了重点）说明你会担心自己不够自信，即会害羞，选项B.Ifyou’reshy,Igetit（如果你害羞，我能明白）符合题意。故选B。【17题详解】下文“Forstarters,aimforsomethingsimpleandcloseathandthatyouandtheotherpersoncanobservetogether.”（对于初学者来说，瞄准一些简单而近在咫尺的、你和其他人可以一起观察到的东西。）说明和新朋友聊天时要选一些彼此都能理解的简单话题，选项F.Maybeit’sthemusicyou’rebothhearing,orthefoodyou’rebothtasting（也许是你们都在听的音乐，或者你们都在品尝的食物）符合题意，都听的音乐和都吃的食物就是这样简单的话题。故选F。【18题详解】下文“Onceyou’vemadeaconnectionwitheachother,keepthatconnectiongoingbymakingyourselfeasytounderstand.”（一旦你们彼此建立了联系，通过让自己易于理解来保持这种联 系。）说明要让自己对朋友而言很好理解，选项A.Beinghardtofollow（难以跟上）符合题意，“自己不易被朋友理解”是一个误区，要避免。故选A。【19题详解】下文“soifyousensethatquestionsaren’twelcome,backoff.”（因此，如果您觉得提问题不被欢迎，请不要这样做）说明问太多问题不好，与选项C.Nobodylikestofeelquestioned（没有人喜欢被质疑）相一致。故选C。【20题详解】上文“Don’tstareatthefloororlookovertheirshoulderatanotherperson.Putyourphoneaway.”（不要盯着地板或回头看另一个人。把你的手机收起来。）说明和朋友在一起时要专注，选项D.Bepresentandgivethemyourfullattention（在场并给予他们全部的关注）相一致。故选D。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Istillcannotforgetthestory—onestorydeterminingmylife.IwassureIwastobekilled,eventhoughIwaswronglyputinprison.Ibecameterribly____21____.Isearchedmypocketstoseeiftherewereanycigarettes,whichhad____22____theirsearch.____23____,IfoundonebutIhadnomatches.Ilookedthroughthebarsatmyjailer(狱卒).Hedidnotmake____24____contactwithme.Icalledouttohim,“Haveyougotalight?”Hecamecloseand____25____thematch,hiseyesaccidentallylockedwithmine.Atthatmoment,Ismiled.Idon’tknowwhyIdidthat.Inanycase,Ismiled,andmysmileleapedthroughthebarsand____26____asmileonhislips,too.Helitmycigarettebutstayednear,lookingatmedirectlyintheeyesandcontinuingtosmile.Ikeptsmilingathim,nowawareofhimasapersonandnotjusta(an)____27____.Andhislookingatmeseemedtohaveanewmeaning,too.“Doyouhave____28____?”heasked.“Yes,here,here.”Itookoutmywalletandnervouslyfumbled(胡乱摸找)forthepicturesofmyfamily.He,too,tookoutthepicturesofhisfamilyandbeganto____29____hisplansandhopesforthem.Myeyesfilledwith____30____.IsaidI____31____thatI’dneverseemyfamilyagain.Tearscametohiseyes,too. Suddenly,withoutanotherword,he____32____mycell(小牢房)andsilentlyledmeout.Outofthejail,quietlyandbybackroutes,outofthetown.There,attheedgeoftown,he____33____me.Andwithoutanotherword,hewalkedtowardthetown.Mylifewassavedbya____34____.Yes,thesmileistheunaffected,unplanned,naturalconnectionbetweenpeople.Ireallybelievethatifthatpartofyouandthatpartofmecould____35____eachother,wewouldn’tbeenemies.Wecouldn’thavehateorenvyorfear.21.A.angryB.rigidC.surprisedD.nervous22.A.escapedB.expandedC.underwentD.motivated23.A.StrangelyB.FortunatelyC.UnintentionallyD.Ultimately24.A.bodyB.mouthC.eyeD.hand25.A.litB.claimedC.preparedD.lowered26.A.causedB.transformedC.spiedD.stimulated27.A.enemyB.partnerC.jailorD.stranger28.A.moneyB.walletC.friendsD.kids29.A.talkaboutB.wrestlewithC.goaboutD.adjustto30.A.anxietyB.vitalityC.tearsD.curiosity31.A.fearedB.guessedC.complainedD.predicted32.A.entitledB.closedC.unlockedD.exposed33.A.absorbedB.releasedC.persuadedD.restricted34.A.matchB.cigaretteC.pictureD.smile35.A.helpB.recognizeC.perceiveD.accompany【答案】21.D22.A23.B24.C25.A26.D27.C28.D29.A30.C31.A32.C33.B34.D35.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇故事，作者被捕，原以为会被处死，无意间的一个微笑却拯救了自己。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我变得极度紧张。A.angry生气的；B.rigid固执的；C.surprised惊讶的；D.nervous紧张的。根据上句“IwassureIwastobekilled（我确定我会被处死）”可 知面临死亡，作者感到很紧张。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我摸索口袋看是否有躲过他们搜查的香烟，A.escaped逃离；B.expanded扩大；C.underwent经历；D.motivated激励。根据下句“IfoundonebutIhadnomatches.（我找到了一根，但是我没有火柴）”可知，有一只香烟躲过敌人的搜查。故选A。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运地，我找到了一根，但是我没有火柴。A.Strangely奇怪地；B.Fortunately幸运地；C.Unintentionally无意地；D.Ultimately最终。根据下句“Ifoundone”可知，我找到了一根，因此是幸运地。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他没有看我。A.body身体；B.mouth嘴；C.eye眼睛；D.hand手。根据“make4contactwith(和……进行交流)”可知此处是狱卒没有看我，因此是眼神交流。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他走过来，点燃了一根火柴，他不小心和我有了眼神交流。A.lit点燃；B.claimed宣称；C.prepared准备；D.lowered降低。根据上句“Haveyougotalight?(你有火柴吗)”可知作者向狱卒要火柴点烟，所以狱卒点燃了一根火柴。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的微笑穿越铁窗激发了他嘴边的一丝微笑。A.caused引起；B.transformed转换；C.spied发现，搜索情报；D.stimulated激发，促进。根据下句“asmileonhislips,too.”可知，我的微笑穿越铁窗激发了他嘴边的一丝微笑。故选D。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我微笑着看着他，意识到他是一个普通人，而不仅仅是狱卒。A.enemy敌人；B.partner同伴；C.jailor狱卒；D.stranger陌生人。根据“Ilookedthroughthebarsatmyjailer(狱卒).”和“nowawareofhimasapersonandnotjusta(an)”可知，我意识到他是一个普通人，而不仅仅是狱卒。故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他问我有孩子吗。Amoney钱；B.wallet钱包；C.friends朋友；D.kids孩子。根据下句“Itookoutmywalletandnervouslyfumbled(胡乱摸找)forthepicturesofmyfamily.(我拿出我的钱包，紧张地胡乱摸找我的家人的照片)”推知，狱卒问我是否有孩子， 故选D。【29题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他也拿出他的家人照片，和我谈论他的计划和对家人的愿望。A.talkabout谈论；B.wrestlewith努力解决；C.goabout四处走动；D.adjustto调整。根据下句“hisplansandhopesforthem”可知，他在谈论他的计划和对家人的愿望。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的眼里涌满了泪水。A.anxiety焦虑；B.vitality活力；C.tears眼泪；D.curiosity好奇。根据下句“Tearscametohiseyes,too.(他的眼里也有泪水)”可知作者也被狱卒的遭遇打动了。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我说我担心再也看不到家人了。A.feared害怕；B.guessed猜测；C.complained抱怨；D.predicted预测。根据上文“IwassureIwastobekilled(我确定我会被处死)”可知作者害怕再也看不到家人了。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，再也没有说什么，他打开牢房，悄悄地放我走。A.entitled赋予权利；B.closed关闭；C.unlocked打开；D.exposed曝光。根据后句“andsilentlyledmeout.”可知他让我悄悄出去。因此是打开牢房。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在城外，他释放了我。A.absorbed吸收；B.released释放；C.persuaded说服；D.restricted限制。根据“Andwithoutanotherword,hewalkedtowardthetown.(没有说一句话，他就朝城里走去)”可知他释放了我，自己回去了。故选B。【34题详解】考查形名词词义辨析。句意：我的生命被一个微笑挽救了。A.match手表；B.cigarette香烟；C.picture照片；D.smile微笑。由上文可知我的微笑感染了狱卒，拉近了距离，相互倾诉，产生同情，将我释放，因此是微笑挽救了他我。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的相信你的那部分和我的那部分如果能辨认出彼此，我们就不会成为敌人。A.help帮助；B.recognize辨认；C.perceive感知；D.accompany陪伴。根据上句“Yes,thesmileistheunaffected,unplanned,naturalconnectionbetweenpeople.(是的，微笑是人与人之间不受影响、无计划、自然的联系）”可知只要我们建立这种联系就会辨认彼此 共有的部分，就不会成为敌人。故选B。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。语法填空HowtoManageYourNew-YearExpectationsAh,NewYear’sEveisfastapproaching,andit’sfinallytimetoleavethemisfortuneof2021behind.Exceptformanypeople,itseemsasifnotmuchwillchangeexcepttheyearonthecalendar.Ifyou’rewonderinghowto____36____(emotion)prepareforthemonthsahead—andmaybeevenfindsomejoyinthe____37____(come)season—here’stheadvice.StayinthemomentEndurancesportspsychologytellsusthatthebodyiscapable____38____whatfarmorethanthebrainbelieves.IfsomeonehadtoldyouinMarchhowlonghepandemicwouldlastwoldyouhavethoughtyoucouldhandleit?Sofocusonhemomnothebigpicture.Anxietycomesfromcasting____39____(you)intothefuture,but“ifyoukeepyourenergyinthepresentmoment,andyou’renotthinkingabouthow____40____moremilesyouhave,itcanfeeleasyattimes,”saidJoDaniels,____41____authoronastudyaboutwhatcausesanxietyanddepressioninlockdown.Howdoyoustayinthemoment?Whenyou’refeeling____42____(depress),thinkonlyaboutwhatyouneedtodotogetthroughthenexthourorthenextday—____43____thenextweekorthenextmonth.Dr.Daniels’pandemicstudyfoundsomenegativecoping____44____(strategy)—likerepeatedlyovereatingandexcessdrinking—_____45_____(have)aneffectonpeople’slevelsofanxietyanddistressthanmorepositivecopingskillsandways,likeseekingsupport.“Themessageis,”“Trytodothegoodthings,butdefinitelydon’tdothebadthings,”Dr.Danielssaid.【答案】36.emotionally37.coming38.of39.yourself40.many41.an42.depressed43.not44.strategies 45.had【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了怎样管理你的新年期望。不要思考未来，更重要的是考虑现在，活在当下。【36题详解】考查副词。句意：如果你想知道在情感上怎样准备接下来几个月。分析句子可知，设空处需用副词修饰动词prepare。故填emotionally。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你想知道在情感上怎样准备接下来几个月，甚至，在即将到来的日子发现快乐，建议如下。根据句意可知，设空处需用形容词修饰名词season，用提示词的同根形容词coming，意为“即将到来的”。故填coming。【38题详解】考查介词。句意：耐力运动心理学告诉我们身体所能做的远远超过大脑所相信的。becapableof…为固定用法，意为“能够……”。故填of。【39题详解】考查反身代词。句意：焦虑来自于把自己投入到未来，但是如果你能把精力用在当下，你就不会思考你还有多少路要走。根据句意“把自己投入到未来”可知，施动者与动作承受者都是“你”，设空处需用反身代词作动词cast的宾语。故填yourself。【40题详解】考查代词。句意：但是如果你能把精力用在当下，你就不会思考你还有多少路要走。意为根据句意和下文miles可知，设空处需用many修饰可数名词复数，表示“有多少路”。故填many。【41题详解】考查不定冠词。句意：乔·丹尼尔说到，一位关于在封锁中，什么导致了焦虑和抑郁的研究作者。根据句意可知，可数名词author是泛指，表示“一位研究作者”，需用不定冠词修饰，又因author音标中以元音音素开头，故需用不定冠词an。故填an。【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：当你感到沮丧时，只想想你需要做什么来度过接下来的一个小时或者一天。根据前文系动词feel可知，设空处需用形容词作表语，再根据句意，该形容词修饰人，需用-ed形容词depressed，表示“感到沮丧的”。故填depressed。 【43题详解】考查副词。句意：只想想你需要做什么来度过接下来的一个小时或者一天，而不是接下来的一周或一个月。根据句意可知，下文是不需要考虑的事情，设空处需用否定词。故填not。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：一些消极的应对策略对人们的焦虑水平有影响。分析句子和根据前文形容词negative可知，设空处需用名词被negative修饰，再根据前文some可知，需用可数名词复数形式。故填strategies。【45题详解】考查动词时态。句意：一些消极的应对策略对人们的焦虑水平有影响。分析句子可知，提示词是宾语从句中谓语动词，与主语为strategies是主动关系，再根据主句谓语动词found可知，从句谓语需用一般过去时。故填had。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.昨天你参观了学校举办的学生国画作品展。请给校英文报写一篇宣传稿，内容包括：1.展览时间、地点;2.观展感受;3.推荐观展。注意：1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】Inordertoenrichstudents’after-schoollife,anexhibitionofstudents’traditionalChinesepaintingsisbeingheldbyourschool,whichsparksagrowinglovefortraditionalart.Theexhibitionisheldonthefirstflooroftheschoollitrary.Mostofthestudentsthinkhighlyofthisexhibition，whichprovidesaplatformforthemtoexplorethebeautyofChinaandexperiencethecharmofChineseart.Throughtheexhibition,notonlycanyouadmirewonderfulpictures,butalsoyouwillbeabletounderstandtheartoftraditionalChinesepaintingsbetter.Theexhibitionwilllastfortwoweeks,andeverystudentiswelcometovisit.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇关于学校举办的学生国画作品展的宣传稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累高度赞扬：thinkhighlyof→singhighpraisefor激发：spark→stimulate欣赏：admire→appreciate探索：explore→detect2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Theexhibitionwilllastfortwoweeks,andeverystudentiswelcometovisit.拓展句：Theexhibitionwilllastfortwoweeks,duringwhicheverystudentiswelcometovisit.【点睛】【高分句型1】Mostofthestudentsthinkhighlyofthisexhibition，whichprovidesaplatformforthemtoexplorethebeautyofChinaandexperiencethecharmofChineseart.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)【高分句型2】Throughtheexhibition,notonlycanyouadmirewonderfulpictures,butalsowillyoubeabletounderstandtheartoftraditionalChinesepaintingbetter.(运用了部分倒装)第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。47.IwasrespondingtoacallfromasmallbrickRat(公寓)inaquietpartoftown.IassumedIwasbeingsenttopickupsomeparty-goers,orsomeonewhohadjusthadafightwithalover,oraworkerheadingtoanearlyshiftatsomefactoryfortheindustrialpartofatown.WhenIarrivedat2:30am.thebuildingwasdarkexceptforasinglelightinagroundfloorwindow.Undersuchcircumstances,manydriersjusthonk(按喇叭)onceortwice,waitaminute,thendriveaway.ButIhadseentoomanyweakpeoplewhodependedontaxisastheironlymeansoftransportation.Unlessasituationsmelledofdanger,Ialwayswenttothedoor.Thispassengermightbesomeonewhoneedsmyassistance,Ireasonedtomyself,Sowalkedtothedoorandknocked.“Justaminute,”answeredafrail,elderlyvoice.Icouldhearsomethingbeing draggedacrossthefloor.Afteralongpause,thedooropened.Asmallwomaninher80sstoodbeforeme.Shewaswearingaprintdressandapillboxhat,likesomebodyoutofa1940smovie.Byhersidewasasmallnylonsuitcase.Theapartmentlookedasifnoonehadlivedinitforyears.Allthefurniturewascoveredwithsheets.Therewerenoclocksonthewalls,noequipmentonthecounters.Inthecornerwasacarboardboxfilledwithphotosandglassware.“Wouldyoucarrymybagouttothecar?”shesaid.Itookthesuitcasetothecab,thenreturnedtoassistthewoman.Shetookmyarm,andwewalkedslowlytowardthecab.Shekeptthankingmeformykindness.“Iisnothing,”Itoldher.“IjusttrytotreatmypassengerthewayIwouldwantmymothertreated.”注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头已为你写好；3.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph1:Havinggivenmeanaddress---hospice(救济院),sheasked,“Couldyoudrivethroughdowntown?”________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Wedroveinsilencetotheaddressshehadgivenme,andit---________________________________________________________________【答案】Havinggivenmeanaddress,ahospice,sheasked,”Couldyoudrivethroughdowntown?Askedwhywedidn’ttaketheshortestway,thesmallwomentoldmeitwasthelastchanceforhertovisitthecity.Wedrovethroughtheneighborhoodwheresheandherhusbandhadlived.Besides,sheaskedmetoslowinfrontofaparticularbuildingorcornerandwouldsitstaringintothedarkness,sayingnothing,.Atlast,shesaidshewastiredandwantedtogotothehospice.Wedroveinsilencetotheaddressshehadgivenme,anditwasalowbuilding,wheretheoldladywouldlivetherestofherlife.Twonurseswhomusthavebeenexpectinghercameouttothecabassoonaswepulledup.Iopenedthetrunkandtookthesuitcasetothedoor,andthewomanwasalreadyseatedinawheelchair.Whensheaskedhowmuchsheowedme,withoutthinking,Isaidnothingandbenttogiveherahug.Itwasmyassistancethathelpedoneoftheweakpeoplerealizeherwish.【解析】 【分析】本文是一个故事。主要讲述了作者是一位出租车司机，一天夜里接到80多岁一位老妇人一个电话，要他到她的一个小公寓接她。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“给我一个救济院的地址后，她问我能否开车经过商业区”可知，第一段可描写作者开车带她经过商业区。②由第二段首句内容“我们一路沉默开车到她给我提供的地址那里”可知，第二段可描写作者将她送到她要去的地方。2.续写线索：提供地址——问原因——穿过他们住过的地方——到达救济院——实现愿望3.词汇激活行类①沉默：insilence/keepsilent②.停车：pullup/cometoastop③.实现她的愿望：realizeherwish/makeherwishcometrue情绪类①.疲倦：betired/beexhausted②.可怜的：weak/poor【点睛】[高分句型1].Wedrovethroughtheneighborhoodwheresheandherhusbandhadlived.（由where引导的定语从句）[高分句型2].Itwasmyassistancethathelpedoneofweakpeoplerealizeherwish.（运用了强调句型）