湖南省岳阳市临湘市2021-2022学年高二英语上学期期末质量检测试卷（Word版附解析）

2021年下期教学质量检测试卷高二英语考生注意：1．答题前，务必将自己的姓名、准考证号与校名填写在答题卷的相应位置。2．所有答案都必须转填到答题卷上，考试结束后只交答题卷。第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)请听下面5段对话，选岀最佳选项。1．Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?A．Ahospital．B．Adrugstore．C．Asupermarket．2．WhenwillthemanreachBeijing?A．Tomorrow．B．Thedayaftertomorrow．C．Inthreedays．3．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Healthproblems．B．Highrents．C．Spendinghabits．4．Whatisthemangoingtodonext?A．Gorunning．B．Goswimming．C．Enteracompetition．5．Whichofthefollowingdoesthewomanwanttochange?A．A$10note．B．A$20note．C．A$50note．第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)请听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。请听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatwillthewomandothisafternoon?A．Discussaproject．B．Attendaparty．C．Dosomeshopping．7．Whowillthemanprobablyinvitetogowithhim?A．Lisa．B．Mary．C．Cook．请听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8．What’sthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Husbandandwife．B．Customerandassistant．C．Fatheranddaughter．9．Whatcolordressdoesthewomanprobablychooseintheend? A．Blue．B．Pink．C．Red．请听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10．Howlonghasthewomanworkedthere?A．Aboutoneweek．B．Abouttwodays．C．Aboutthreedays．11．Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemantry?A．Coffee．B．Bananapie．C．Cookies．12．Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A．Sheisworkingherepart-time．B．Sheworksonehoureveryday．C．Shewillgointotown．请听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13．Howoldistheman?A．Seventeen．B．Nineteen．C．Twenty-one．14．WhatdoesthemansayaboutBill?A．Helikeswriting．B．Heworksonafarm．C．HeisinParisnow．15．Whoisadoctor?A．Paul’sfather．B．Paul’smother．C．Paul’sbrother．16．Wheredoesthewoman’ssisterprobablywork?A．Inaschool．B．Inabank．C．Inabookshop．请听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．WhatprogramwillbeheldonMonday?A．Abarbecue．B．Aquiz．C．Adance．18．Howmuchisthedancingclass?A．Fivepounds．B．Sixpounds．C．Sevenpounds．19．WherewillFilmClubNightbeheld?A．Inthestudents’readingroom．B．Atthesportscenter．C．Inthedininghall．20．WhenwillthelistenersgotoLakeCanlock?A．OnFriday．B．OnSaturday．C．OnSunday．第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ABranksomeHallClassSize：12to22Grades：JKtoGr.12Gender(性别)：AllgirlsLiving:Day,Boarding(提供住宿的)Foundedin1903,BranksomeHallisToronto’sonlyall-girls,all-yearsInternationalBaccalaureate(IB)WorldSchool.Fromtheearliestgrades,studentslearntobecomeleadersandtounderstandthevalueofservingthecommunity.DiscoverBranksomeHall’sprogramsatwww.Branksome.on.ca.StansteadCollegeClassSize:13Grades:Gr.7toGr.12Gender:OpentobothsexesLiving:BoardingStansteadCollegeisaprivateboardingschoolforboysandgirlsinGrades7through12.ItisanEnglishschoolthatembraces(包含)Frenchinandoutoftheclassroom.ItisalsouniquelyplacedtoopendoorstotopuniversitiesandcollegesintheUnitedStates,Canadaandaroundtheworld．OakwoodAcademyClassSize:1to4Grades:JKtoGr.12Gender:OpentobothsexesLiving:DayOakwoodAcademyisaprivateschoolforstudentswhorequireanindividualized(个性化的)educationplanandsmallclasssizetomeettheiruniquelearningstyles.DirectInstructionisusedtoteachacademicsinsmallgroupsandameaningfulcurriculum(课程)allowsstudentstotrulylearn.TEAMSchoolClassSize:8to12Grades:Gr.1toGr.12 Gender:OpentobothsexesLiving:DayTEAMSchoolprovidesanacademicprogramforstudentsinGrades1through12.Studentsfromages6to14benefitfromsmallclasssizes(8students)andanindividualizedacademicprogramtoprovideaneducationalupgrading.1.Whichofthefollowingisasingle-genderschool?A.TEAMSchool.B.BranksomeHall.C.StansteadCollege.D.OakwoodAcademy.2.HowisStansteadCollegedifferentfromtheothers?A.Itisforpreschoolers.B.Itinvolvestwolanguagesinclass.C.Itischaracterizedbysmallclasssizes.D.Itprovidesplacesforstudentstostayovernight.3.WhatdoOakwoodAcademyandTEAMSchoolbothvalue?A.Personalizedwaysofstudying.B.Asenseofservingthecommunity.C.Preparingstudentsfortopuniversities.D.Designingmeaningfullessonsforstudents.【答案】1.B2.B3.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几所学校的信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据BranksomeHall部分的“Gender(性别)：Allgirls(性别：都是女孩)”可知，BranksomeHall是单一性别的学校。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据StansteadCollege部分的“ItisanEnglishschoolthatembraces(包含)Frenchinandoutoftheclassroom.(这是一所在课堂内外都包含法语的英国学校。)”可知，这个学校的独特之处在于课堂上涉及到两种语言。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据OakwoodAcademy部分的“OakwoodAcademyisaprivateschoolforstudentswhorequireanindividualized(个性化的)educationplanandsmallclasssizetomeettheiruniquelearningstyles.(奥克伍德学院是一所私立学校，学生需要个性化的教育计划和小班教学，以满 足他们独特的学习风格。)”和TEAMSchool部分的“TEAMSchoolprovidesanacademicprogramforstudentsinGrades1through12.Studentsfromages6to14benefitfromsmallclasssizes(8students)andanindividualizedacademicprogramtoprovideaneducationalupgrading.(团队学校为1年级到12年级的学生提供学术项目。从6岁到14岁的学生受益于小班(8名学生)和个性化的学术计划，以提供教育升级。)”可知，这两所学校都重视个性化的学习方式。故选A。BGroupexerciseisoneofthemosteffectivewaystoimprovephysicalfitnessandsustain(保持)ahealthylifestyle.Groupexerciseischallenging,yetfun!Ofcourseeveryoneknowsthatexerciseisgoodforthebody.However,studieshaveshownthatwhenexerciseisperformedingroups,it’snotonlygreatforimprovingphysicalhealthbutforpsychologicalhealth.It’sanopportunitytobesocialandimproveyourstrength.Additionally,groupexercisecreatesacommunityfeelandthesharedcommongoalinspirepeopletoworkhard.Anotherbeneficialaspectofgroupexerciseistheinformationalsupportpeoplereceivefromtheinstructor.Manypeoplefearthegymbecausetheyfeellostanddon’twanttoembarrassthemselves.Ifyoufeelthatway,thengrouptrainingisanevenbetteroptionforyou.It’sagreatopportunitytolearnmoreaboutfitnessthroughtheclearinstructionofafitnessinstructor.Ifyou’retiredofwanderingaroundthegymwastingtimeandbecomingbored,youcanattendanupbeatgroupfitnessclassthatwillkeepyourworkoutontrack.Don’tletfitnessfrightenyou!Ifyou’reseriousaboutwantingtoliveahealthylifestyle,it’sextremelyimportanttosurroundyourselfwithpeoplewho’llprovideyouwiththeproperemotionalsupport.Surroundyourselfwithpeoplewhoencourageandunderstandyou!Makefitnessevenmorefunbytryingsomethingneworanygroupfitnessclasswithafriend.Plantogoforajogtogether.Thentryafunhealthyrestaurantorfreshjuicebar!Fitnesscanbebothfunandsocial!Surroundingyourselfwithpeoplewho’llprovideyouwithrespectsupportcanbeverybeneficialwhileworkingtowardsreachinghealthandfitnessgoals.First,decidetodoitforyourselfandworktowardsstayingpositive.Thenmakesurethepeopleyousurroundyourselfwitharesupportive.4.WhyisgroupexercisemorebeneficialaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Itcanhelpsetpracticalgoals.B.Itcanimprovephysicalfitness.C.Itcanreducestressandanxiety. D.Itcancreateasenseofbelonging.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“upbeat”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Peaceful.B.Boring.C.Cheerful.D.Annoying.6.Whatcanbelearntfromthetext?A.Supportfromfriendsmatters.B.Doingsportsaloneisharmful.C.Weshouldofteneatoutwithfriends.D.Joggingisthemostbeneficialsport.7.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.WaystodogroupexerciseB.Groupexercise,betterhealthC.Withoutfriends,withouthealthD.Benefitsofdoingexercise【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了团体运动的好处，和其他人一起运动可以和他人进行交流，从而获得支持，也能够得到一些无形的好处。团体运动是改善身体状况的最有效的方法之一，并有益于保持健康的生活方式。作者主要从三个方面说明了团体运动的好处。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Additionally,groupexercisecreatesacommunityfeelandthesharedcommongoalinspirepeopletoworkhard.可知此外，团体运动创造了一种社区感觉和共同目标激励人们努力工作。由此可知，团体运动可以创造一种归属感，所以更有益。故选D。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据后文thatwillkeepyourworkoutontrack.可知如果你厌倦了在健身房里浪费时间和无聊，参加一个一个乐观的团体健身班可以让你的锻炼保持在正轨上。故划线单词意思为“乐观的，快乐的”。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句Ifyou’reseriousaboutwantingtoliveahealthylifestyle,it’sextremelyimportanttosurroundyourselfwithpeoplewho’llprovideyouwiththeproperemotionalsupport.可知如果你真的想要过一种健康的生活方式，和那些能给你提供适当情感支持的人在 一起是非常重要的。由此可知，朋友的感情支持很重要。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句Groupexerciseisoneofthemosteffectivewaystoimprovephysicalfitnessandsustainahealthylifestyle.可知团体运动是提高身体素质和保持健康生活方式的最有效方法之一。结合下文内容可推断，文章的主要内容是在说团体运动的好处，团体运动包含的好处主要是因为大家在一起运动，不仅生理上会有一些好处，而且团队内其他成员会给你支持，教练也会给你们一些信息上的支持。故B选项“团体运动，身体更健康”符合文章标题。故选B。【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。如第四小题，根据第一段第一句Groupexerciseisoneofthemosteffectivewaystoimprovephysicalfitnessandsustainahealthylifestyle.可知团体运动是提高身体素质和保持健康生活方式的最有效方法之一。文章的主要内容是在说团体运动的好处，团体运动包含的好处主要是因为大家在一起运动，不仅生理上会有一些好处，而且团队内其他成员会给你支持，教练也会给你们一些信息上的支持。故B选项“团体运动，身体更健康”符合文章标题。故选B。CChinahasabolished(废除)itscontroversialbirthrestrictions,reversing(彻底改变)nearlyfourdecadesoffamilyplanningpoliciesasbirthratesfall.Chinabeganimplementing(实施)theone-childpolicyinthe1980stoslowpopulationgrowth.ButinrecentyearsconcernisaccumulatingthatanageingandshrinkingworkforcecouldslowChina’seconomy,whilegenderimbalancescouldleadtosocialproblems.Andthelimitwasraisedtotwochildrenin2016asthenationtriedtorejuvenate(使恢复活力)itsageingpopulationof1.4billion.However,childbirthshavenotincreasedasmuchasforecastsincethetwo-childpolicycameintoforce.Coupleshavebeeninnorushtostartlargerfamiliessincethepolicywasloosened,with17.9millionbabiesbornin2016—just1.3millionmorethaninthepreviousyear,halfofwhatwasexpected,accordingtotheNationalBureauofStatistics.Birthsin2017evenslippedto17.2million,wellbelowtheofficialforecastofmorethan20million. Andtherehasbeenanassumptionthatthegovernmentwillfurthereaserestrictions.Otherchangesincludeaone-monthcooling-offperiodbeforeadivorce,duringwhicheitherparty(一方当事人)canwithdrawtheirapplication.Newsofthechangeslitupsocialmedia.“Sotheywantustohavemorebabiesandfewerdivorces?”wroteoneuseronWeibo,China’sequivalentofTwitter.“Thecreatedgeneration,usonlychildren,let’sgathertogetherandpreparetoworkintooldage,”anotheruserwrote.“Havingchildrenisgood,whicheasesthegovernment’shealthcarecostfortheelderly.”HongFinchersaiditremainedtobeseenhowtheChinesegovernmentwouldadoptanychanges.Shesaidincentives(激励)tohavemorechildrenhadnotworkedandthatthegovernmentmightresorttoothermeasures.8.Whywastheone-childpolicyadoptedinthe1980s?A.Becauseoftheboomingpopulation.B.Becauseoftheseveresocialproblems.C.Becauseoftheimbalancedgenderratio.D.Becauseoftherapidlyageingpopulation.9.Howmanybabieswereexpectedtobebornin2016?A.2.6million.B.17.2million.C.17.9million.D.19.2million.10.Whatisnetizens’(网民)attitudetowardstheproposedchanges?A.Mixed.B.Disapproving.C.Approving.D.Indifferent.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Chinahasadoptedthetwo-childpolicy.B.China’sone-childpolicyhadlittleeffect.C.Chinacouldfurtherloosenitsbirthpolicy.D.China’sageingpopulationcontinuestorise.【答案】8.A9.D10.A11.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国已经废除了传统的生育限制，希望通过采取鼓励生育的政策如二孩政策等来提高生育率，但效果未达到预期。【8题详解】 细节理解题。文章第二段“Chinabeganimplementing(实施)theone-childpolicyinthe1980stoslowpopulationgrowth.(20世纪80年代，中国开始实施独生子女政策来减慢人口的增长)”说明中国实施独生子女政策是因为当时人口的急剧增长。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段“Coupleshavebeeninnorushtostartlargerfamiliessincethepolicywasloosened,with17.9millionbabiesbornin2016—just1.3millionmorethaninthepreviousyear,halfofwhatwasexpected,accordingtotheNationalBureauofStatistics(自从政策放宽以来，夫妻并没有急于开始大人口家庭。根据国家统计局，2016年出生了1亿7千9百万婴儿，仅仅比去年出生婴儿多1百30万，是预期的一半)”可知，多的1百30万，是预期的一半，还有一半预期没达成，所以2016年出生预期比实际出生婴儿还少1百30万，故2016年出生预期是1亿7千9百万加1百30万，一共1亿9千2百万。故选D项。【10题详解】推理判断题。由文章第五段“Thecreatedgeneration,usonlychildren,let’sgathertogetherandpreparetoworkintooldage(我们独生子女，被创造出来的一代人，让我们一起准备好工作到老)”和“Havingchildrenisgood，whicheasesthegovernment’shealthcarecostfortheelderly(生孩子是有益的，可以减轻政府对老年人的医保负担)”可知，网民对该政策看法不一，褒贬不一，是复杂的。故选A项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。由文章第一段“Chinahasabolished(废除)itscontroversialbirthrestrictions(中国已经废除了传统的生育限制)”和最后一段“Shesaidincentives(激励)tohavemorechildrenhadnotworkedandthatthegovernmentmightresorttoothermeasures.(她说激励生育更多的孩子没有起作用，政府可能会采取其他措施)”说明，全文围绕着中国政府放宽生育政策，鼓励多生孩子，但是效果甚微，最后表明政府将采取进一步措施。故选C项。DCanyouimagineabicyclethathasaniPhoneonitshandleandprovidesnavigationtoolsandfitnessinformation,alongwithdatacollectorsthatmeasureairpollution?Thisisjustthebeginningofthelistofthingsthatthisdynamicnewbicycle,knownastheCopenhagenWheel,iscapableof.Thebiggestcharacteristicofthisbikeisitsredhub(轮轴)onthebackwheel,wherethebrainofthebikestorespower,increasesspeed,monitorstherider’sexercise,andcollectsdatafromtheairandtheenvironment.Thedatathatiscollectedisputontoapublicwebsitesocitizenscanfindoutwhattheir city’satmosphereislikeduringtheday.TheCopenhagenWheelcomestousfromtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)intheU.S.A.ItwasdevelopedbyapartofMITthatisputting“intelligence”intoeverydaythingsthatareapartoftheinfrastructure(基本设施)ofourcities.ResearchersfromMITchosetheCopenhagenConferenceonClimateChangetoshowoffthenewbicycle,andearlyfeedback(反馈)wasverypositive.ThegoaloftheCopenhagenWheelprojectistopromote(促进)cyclingbylengtheningthedistancepeoplecancover.Inaddition,themakersensurethewholebikeridingexperienceissmoothersothatevensteep(陡峭的)roadsarenolongeraproblemforcomfortablecycling.Thisnewbicycleisalsoperfectforprotectingtheenvironment,andmanybigcitiesaremakingplanstoencouragetheircitizenstousethistwo-wheelerwhentheygotoandfromwork.ThedirectoroftheCopenhagenWheelproject,ChristineOutram,expectsthatthisnewbikewillhelpleadthechargeofsmarttransportationintothe21stcentury.Sheisfullyconvincedthatmanybigcitieswillseethebenefitsofpromotingthistypeofcyclingtotheircitizens.12.What’sthekeycharacteristicoftheCopenhagenWheel?A.Theredhub.B.Thefastspeed.C.Thedatacollector.D.TheiPhoneonitshandle.13.Whatistheuseofthecollecteddata?A.Torecordtherider’sfitnessinformation.B.Tomonitortheconditionofthebicycle,C.Tohelpimproveriders’exerciseplans.D.Toshowwhattheenvironmentislike.14.WhatdidpeoplethinkoftheCopenhagenWheelatthebeginning?A.Theydoubtedit.B.Theywelcomedit.C.Theyweresurprisedbyit.D.Theywereuninterestedinit.15.What’sthemainpurposeoftheCopenhagenWheelproject?A.Toimprovepublictransportation.B.Tomakesteeproadridingcomfortable.C.Toencouragecitizenstodomorecycling.D.Tomakecitizens’ridingsaferthanbefore.【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.C【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了美国麻省理工学院设计的智能自行车“哥本哈根之轮” 的功能和特色。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thebiggestcharacteristicofthisbikeisitsredhub(轮轴)onthebackwheel,(这款自行车最大的特点是后轮上的红色轮毂)”可知，哥本哈根之轮的最大的特点是后轮上的红色轮毂。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thedatathatiscollectedisputontoapublicwebsitesocitizenscanfindoutwhattheircity’satmosphereislikeduringtheday.(收集到的数据会被放到一个公共网站上，这样市民就可以了解他们城市白天的大气状况)”可知，收集到的数据用于展示环境状况。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ResearchersfromMITchosetheCopenhagenConferenceonClimateChangetoshowoffthenewbicycle,andearlyfeedback(反馈)wasverypositive.(麻省理工学院的研究人员选择在哥本哈根气候变化会议上展示这款新自行车，早期反馈非常积极)”可知，人们对哥本哈根之轮持积极态度，欢迎它的出现。故选B项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“ThegoaloftheCopenhagenWheelprojectistopromote(促进)cyclingbylengtheningthedistancepeoplecancover.(“哥本哈根之轮”项目的目标是通过延长人们的骑行距离来促进骑行)”可知，“哥本哈根之轮”项目的目的鼓励市民多骑自行车。故选C项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Peopleareconsumers(消费者).Wehavetospendlargepartsofourdaysfinding，buying，cookingandeatingourfood．Didyoueverthinkitmightbenicetobeabletomakeyourownfoodlikeplantsdo?____16____Theyperformaprocesscalledphotosynthesisusinglightfromthesun,waterandcarbondioxide.Theendresultofthischemicalreactionissugarfortheplantto“eat”.Theplantgivesoffwaterandoxygen.____17____Plantshavespecialstructurescalledchloroplasts(叶绿体)thatanimalsdon’thave.Thesestructuresarefilledwithchlorophyll,whichgivesleafygreenplantstheirgreencolor.Theirmainjobistoabsorblightfromthesun.Chloroplastscanabsorbeverycolorexceptgreen.Light makeschlorophyllactive.Itcreatesanenergythatseparateswateroutintohydrogenandoxygen.____18____Hydrogenfromthewatercombineswithcarbonfromthecarbondioxidewebreatheout.Oxygenissentoutintotheair.____19____Plantsrelyonthecarbondioxidethatwebreatheout,andwerelyontheoxygenthatthey“breathe”out.ThisisonegoodreasonforprotectingplantlifeonEarth.Manyplantscanproduceaconstantsupplyofoxygenforus.Weneedplantsinordertosurvive.Conservation(保护)projectsaroundtheglobeareaimedatprotectingournaturalresources，includingnumerousspeciesofplants.____20____A.Plantsareproducers.B.Chemicalreactionstakeplace.C.Animalscan’tlivewithoutwater.D.Peopleandplantsmakeperfectpartners.E.Sohowdoplantsdoit，andwhycan’twe?F.Therewouldbetoomuchcarbondioxideintheair.G.Ourqualityoflifeandthefreshairwebreathedependuponourgreenplantpartners.【答案】16.A17.E18.B19.D20.G【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。讲述了人和植物是完美伴侣，相互依存的，并阐述了保护植物的重要性。【16题详解】上文“Peopleareconsumers.(人是消费者。)”以及“Didyoueverthinkitmightbenicetobeabletomakeyourownfoodlikeplantsdo?(你有没有想过，人能像植物一样自己生产自己的食物该是多好呀？)”说明人是消费者，而植物却能自己为自己生产食物，选项A“植物是生产者。”承接上文，对应人类来说，植物是生产者，引出下文“Theyperformaprocesscalledphotosynthesisusinglightfromthesun,waterandcarbondioxide.Theendresultofthischemicalreactionissugarfortheplantto“eat”.(它们执行一个过程称为光合作用使用光来自太阳，水和二氧化碳。这种化学反应的最终结果是给植物“吃”的糖。)”具体介绍植物是怎样为自己生产食物的。故选A项。【17题详解】上一段主要说明了人是消费者而植物是生产者，选项E “那么植物是如何做到的，为什么我们不能呢?”承接上一段，提出为什么人类和植物不同的问题，引出下文“Plantshavespecialstructurescalledchloroplasts(叶绿体)thatanimalsdon’thave.(植物有特殊的结构称为叶绿体，动物没有。)”，解释为什么不同。故选E项。【18题详解】上文“Lightmakeschlorophyllactive.Itcreatesanenergythatseparateswateroutintohydrogenandoxygen.(光使叶绿素活跃。它产生的能量将水分离成氢和氧。)”说明光的作用使叶绿素发生了化学反应，选项B“发生化学反应。”承接上文，是上文的结论。故选B项。【19题详解】下文“Plantsrelyonthecarbondioxidethatwebreatheout,andwerelyontheoxygenthatthey‘breathe’out.(植物依赖于我们呼出的二氧化碳，而我们依赖于它们‘呼出’的氧气。)”以及“Weneedplantsinordertosurvive.(为了生存，我们需要植物。)”说明人类和植物之间是相互依存的，选项D“人和植物是完美的伴侣。”位于段首，概括本段主题：人和植物是完美伴侣，相互依存。故选D项。【20题详解】上一段主题“人和植物是完美伴侣，相互依存上文”以及上文“Conservation(保护)projectsaroundtheglobeareaimedatprotectingournaturalresources，includingnumerousspeciesofplants.(世界各地的保护项目旨在保护我们的自然资源，包括许多种类的植物。)”说明了人和植物相互依存，我们必须保护植物，选项G“我们的生活质量和呼吸的新鲜空气依赖于我们的绿色植物伙伴。”承接上文，和上文存在因果关系，因为我们人类依赖绿色植物，所以必须保护好它们。故选G项。第三部分：语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Inthisfast-pacedsocietymultitasking(多重任务处理)isoftenawayoflife.However,I’llbediscussingallthetimeswemultitaskwhenit’snotnecessary．Theproblemwithmultitaskingisthatwe’redividingupour____21____.Weonlyhaveacertainamountofattentionthatwecan____22____toagiventask.Ifwe’redoingfourthingsatthesametime,wecan____23____devote25%ofourattentiontoeachthing.It’simpossibletodoajobas____24____with25%ofyourattentionasyoucanwith100%ofyourattention.Youwillsimply performbetterfocusingonsomething100%.Dividedattentionleadstomore____25____andalowerqualityofperformance.Thisisn’tdifficulttounderstand,____26____societyhasmaskedthisfactand____27____itwiththefacade(表象)thatmultitaskingisgood.Butgoodisnotourbest,anddoinglessthanyourbestisnotcontributingtoa____28____orfulfilling(充实的)life.There’snoplacewherethisismoreobviousthanwhen____29____someone,especiallyfriendsandfamily.We’veallbeentryingtohaveaconversationwithsomeonewhentheirattentionisdiverted(转移)bysomethingelse.Isit_____30_____?Doyoufeelimportant?Loved?Heard?Ofcoursenot.Generally,childrenareexposedtothismorethananyone.Adultsareso_____31_____doingotherthingswhilethey’rewiththeirchildrenthattheirattentionisdivertedagainandagain.Tobeagoodparentfriend,worker,boss,etc.,weneedto_____32_____toputourfocusonwhatwe’redoingandwhowe’redoingitwith.Takeamomentto_____33_____yourattentionfromwhatyouweredoing_____34_____andfocusonwhatyou’redoingnow.Thesefiveortensecondsspentfocusingyourattention_____35_____onwhatyou’redoingcanmakeadifference!Asmuchaspossible,giveallyourfocustowhateveryou’redoingandseehowmuchbetteryouworkandhowtheinteractions(交流)withthepeopleinyourlifeimprove．21.A.workB.attentionC.lifeD.space22.A.addB.attractC.giveD.draw23A.onlyB.stillC.everD.already24.A.safelyB.equallyC.perfectlyD.quietly25.A.competitionsB.discoveriesC.changesD.mistakes26.A.butB.soC.becauseD.unless27.A.comparedB.combinedC.replacedD.proved28.A.successfulB.simpleC.healthyD.peaceful29.A.believinginB.waitingforC.talkingaboutD.dealingwith30.A.helpfulB.enjoyableC.interestingD.serious31.A.busyB.confusedC.supportiveD.comfortable 32.A.continueB.pretendC.learnD.forget33.A.stealB.disconnectC.escapeD.catch34.A.presentlyB.privatelyC.mindlesslyD.previously35.A.regularlyB.completelyC.naturallyD.slightly【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.C25.D26.A27.C28.A29.D30.B31.A32.C33.B34.D35.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了我们许多人容易把注意力同时放在几件事上，而不是把注意力放在一件事上，特别是与孩子的相处中。同时提醒我们要专注一件事情，这样我们会做得更好，与人的关系也更融洽。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：多任务处理的问题在于我们分散了注意力。A.work工作；B.attention注意力；C.life生活；D.space空间。根据下文“Weonlyhaveacertainamountofattention”可知，此处是信息词attention的词汇复现。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们只有一定数量的注意力可以给予一个给定的任务。A.add增加；B.attract吸引；C.give给；D.draw画画。根据上文“Theproblemwithmultitaskingisthatwe’redividingupour____1____.”可知，多任务处理分散了我们的注意力，因此我们只能给与给定任务一部分注意力。故选C。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果我们同时做四件事，我们只能在每件事上投入25%的注意力。A.only仅仅；B.still仍然；C.ever曾经；Dalready已经。根据“Ifwe’redoingfourthingsatthesametime”可知，因为同时做四件事情，所以只能在每件事上投入25%的注意力。故选A。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你只投入25%的注意力，你不可能像投入100%的注意力那样完美地完成一件工作。A.safely安全地；B.equally平等地；C.perfectly完美地；D.quietly安静地。根据“Youwillsimplyperformbetterfocusingonsomething100%.”可知，如果你只投入25%的注意力，你不可能像投入100%的注意力那样完美地完成一件工作。故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：分散的注意力会导致更多的错误和更低的表现质量。A.competitions 竞争；B.discoveries发现；C.changes改变；D.mistakes错误。根据“alowerqualityofperformance”可知，注意力分散会导致更多的错误。故选D。【26题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：这并不难理解，但社会已经掩盖了这一事实，代之以“多任务处理是好事”的假象。A.but但是；B.so因此；C.because因为；D.unless除非。上下文之间形成转折关系，需用连词but连接。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.compared比较；B.combined结合，组合；C.replaced代替；D.proved证明。根据“withthefacade(表象)thatmultitaskingisgood.”可知，但社会已经掩盖了这一事实，代之以“多任务处理是好事”的假象。故选C。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，好的并不是我们最好的，做得比你最好的少并不能给一个成功或充实的生活带来贡献。A.successful成功的；B.simple简单的；C.healthy健康的；D.peaceful和平的。此处表示没有做到最好就是没有对成功的或充实的生活做贡献。故选A。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：没有什么地方比在和某人，尤其是朋友和家人打交道时更能体现这一点了。A.believingin相信；B.waitingfor等待；C.talkingabout谈论；D.dealingwith处理。根据“especiallyfriendsandfamily.”可知，此处表示与家人和朋友相处的时候。故选D。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它令人愉快吗？A.helpful有帮助的；B.enjoyable令人愉快的；C.interesting有趣的；D.serious严重的。作者在质问当我们和别人说话时，别人的注意力没有在我们身上，是否会令我们感到愉快。故选B。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：成年人和孩子在一起的时候忙着做其他事情，以至于他们的注意力一次又一次地被转移。A.busy忙的；B.confused困惑的；C.supportive支持的；D.comfortable舒服的。根据“doingotherthings”可知，此处表示忙于做其他事情。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：要成为一个好父母、好朋友、好员工、好老板等等，我们需要学会把我们的注意力放在我们正在做的事情上，以及我们和谁一起做。A.continue继续；B.pretend假装；C.learn学习；D.forget 忘记。上文说到我们常常把注意力分成几份，但这其实没有多大好处，所以我们要学会把注意力放在眼前人，眼前的事情上。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：花一点时间把你的注意力从之前的工作中分离出来，专注于你现在正在做的事情。A.steal偷；B.disconnect断开；C.escape逃离；D.catch抓住。根据“focusonwhatyou’redoingnow”可知，此处表示要花一点时间把你的注意力从之前的工作中分离出来。故选B。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A.presently目前；B.privately私下；C.mindlessly无意识地；D.previously以前。根据“whatyou’redoingnow”可知，空处与之相反，表示“以前的事情”。故选D。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：花5到10秒钟的时间把你的注意力完全集中在你正在做的事情上，会有很大的不同！A.regularly有规律地；B.completely完全地；C.naturally自然地；D.slightly轻微地。根据下文“Asmuchaspossible,giveallyourfocustowhateveryou’redoing”可知，作者建议我们花5到10秒钟的时间把你的注意力完全集中在你正在做的事情上。故选B。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Peopletodaytakelotsofphotos.Somephotographsarereallymemorable.Theyeithercaptureimportantevents,suchasbirthdaypartiesorweddings,____36____showbeautifulplaces.Yearslater,peoplemaylookatthesespecialphotostoremember____37____past.However,howdidpeoplerecordimportantmomentswithoutcameraslongago?Somepeopletold____38____(story)aboutoldtimes,andotherswrotedown____39____theyremembered.Therewerealsoalotofpeople____40____(make)specialdrawingstohelpthemrecallimportantmoments.AmongthosepeoplewereNativeAmericansoftheLakotatribe.Everyyear,Lakotaleadersdecidedwhicheventwasmostimportant.ALakota____41____(art)wasthenaskedtodrawaspecialpictureofthatevent.Becauseeachyear’spicturewasdecidedonduringthewinter,thedrawingsbecame____42____(know)aswintercounts.Foralongtime,wintercountsweredrawnonanimalskins.Later,thedrawings____43____(do)onpaper.Thepicturestoldthehistoryofthetribe.Eachyear,thenewestwintercountwasadded____44____theLakotacollectionofpicturesfrom_____45_____(early)times.Thathelpedpeople keeptrackoftheyears.Today,wintercountsareimportantrecordsoftheLakota’spast.【答案】36.or37.the38.stories39.what40.making41.artist42.known43.weredone44.to45.earlier【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。今天的人们拍很多的照片。有些照片是真的令人难忘。那以前没有相机的日子人们如何来记录重要时刻呢？短文对此进行了介绍了。【36题详解】考查连词。句意：照片或者记录重大时刻或者展现美丽风光。短语either…or，表示或者……或者......。故填or。【37题详解】考查冠词。句意：多年以后，人们可能会看着这些特别的照片来回忆过去。照片可以纪念过去。表示特指，用定冠词。故填the。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：有些人讲过去时代的故事，有些人把他们所记得的写下来。关于过去的故事，是很多的故事，用名词复数形式。故填stories。【39题详解】考查连接词。句意：有些人讲过去时代的故事，有些人把他们所记得的写下来。介词后是宾语从句，从句中缺宾语，故填what。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：。也有很多人画特殊的画来帮助他们回忆重要的时刻。句子有谓语动词were，第二个动词用非谓语动词，制作和人们是主动关系。故填making。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：一位拉科塔艺术家被要求为这一事件画一幅特别的画。根据ALakota得知这里在说一位艺术家。故填artist。【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：因为每年的画都是在冬天决定的，所以这些画被称为“冬季计数”。以… 而著名be/becomeknownas。故填known。【43题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：后来，这些画都是在纸上画的。这里主语缺少谓语动词，绘画和进行是被动关系，讲述以前的事情。故填weredone。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：每年，最新的冬季计数都被添加到拉科塔早先收集的画中。短语add……to…，表示增添。故填to。【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：每年，最新的冬季计数都被添加到拉科塔早先收集的画中。表示比现在更早些的时期，用形容词比较级。故填earlier。第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作(15分)46.假定你是李华，作为交换生，在伦敦学习时，得到了当地学校老师Mr.Nathan的悉心照顾，回国后请你给他写一封邮件表达谢意。内容包括：1．回忆在学校一起度过的美好时光；2．遇到的困难和得到的帮助；3．邀请他来中国旅游。注意：1．词数80左右；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】OnepossibleversionDearMr.Nathan，I’mwritingtoexpressmythanksforyourgreathelpwhenIwasstudyinginLondon.Duringmystay,youwereveryconsiderateandcaring.WhenImetwithdifficulties,youalwaysgavemeahand.IamalsodeeplyimpressedbyyoursincerehelptogetmesomemedicinewhenIcaughtacold.Thanksagainforallyourefforts!Idohopesomedayyou’llcometoChinaandletmeshowyouaroundmyhometown. YoursLiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于感谢信。要求考生给英国老师Mr.Nathan写信，感谢在伦敦时他对自己的悉心照顾并邀请他来中国旅游。【详解】1.词汇积累表达：express→show在……期间：during→in考虑周到的：considerate→thoughtful给予某人帮助：givesb.ahand→dosb.afavor2.句式拓展原句：Duringmystay,youwereveryconsiderateandcaring.拓展句：WhenIstayedinLondon,youwereveryconsiderateandcaring.【点睛】[高分句型1]WhenImetwithdifficulties,youalwaysgavemeahand.(运用了when引导时间状语从句)[高分句型2]Idohopesomedayyou’llcometoChinaandletmeshowyouaroundmyhometown.(运用了省略连词that的宾语从句)第二节读后续写(25分)47.阅读下列材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Nickwasa10-year-oldboy.Hewastheonlysontohisparents.Nick’sfatherwasaverybusybusinessmanwhocouldnotspendtimewithhisson.HecamehomeafterNickslept,andwasofftotheofficebeforeNickwokeupinthemorning.Nicklongedforhisfather’sattention.Hewantedtogooutdoorsandplaywithhisfatherjustlikehisfriendsdid.Oneday,Nickwassurprisedtoseehisfatherathomeintheevening.“Dad,itisabigsurprisetoseeyouathome,”Nicksaid.“Yes,son,mymeetingwascancelled.SoI’mathome.ButaftertwohoursIhavetocatchaflight,”hisfatherreplied.“Whenwillyoubeback?”“Tomorrownoon.” Nickwasindeepthoughtforawhile.Thenheasked,“Dad,howmuchdoyouearninayear?”Nick’sfatherwastakenaback(震惊).Hesaid,“Mydearson,it’saverybigamountandyouwon’tbeabletounderstandit.”“OK,Dad,areyouhappywiththeamountyouearn?”“Yes,mydear.I’mveryhappy,andinfactI’mplanningtolaunchournewbranchandanewbusinessinafewmonths.Isn’tthatgreat?”“Yes,Dad.I’mhappytohearthat.CanIaskyouonemorequestion?”“Yes,dear.”“Dad,canyoutellmehowmuchyouearninadayorevenhalfaday?”“Nick,whyareyouaskingthisquestion?”Nick’sfatherwasperplexed.ButNickwaspersistent.“Pleaseanswerme.Couldyoupleasetellmehowmuchyouearninanhour?”Nick’sfathergaveinandreplied,“Itwillbearound$25perhour.”Nickrantohisroomupstairs,andcamedownwithhispiggybankthatcontainedhissavings.“Dad,Ihave$50inmypiggybank.Couldyousparetwohoursforme?Iwanttogotothebeachandhavedinnerwithyoutomorrowevening.Couldyoupleasemarkthisinyourschedule?”注意：1．续写词数应为150词左右。2．请按格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph1：Nick’sfatherwasspeechless!___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2：TheappointedtimewithDadwasnear.________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】OnepossibleversionParagraph1：Nick’sfatherwasspeechless!Atfirsthewantedtorefusehisson’srequest.Whenhelookedupathissonandsawhissonintearshegaveinandrealizedthathehardlyspenttimewithhim.Asafather,hefailedinhisduty.Sohesaidtohissonwithguilt.“Sorry，dear，thistimeIpromisetohavedinnerwithyou.”Hearingwhathisfathersaid,thesonfelthappyandwenttoschool.Paragraph2：TheappointedtimewithDadwasnear.However,thefatherseemedtodisappear.Nickcouldn’twaittogooutdoorsandfindwherehisfatherwasandwhetherhecameback.Eachtimehewasdisappointed.Suddenlyheheardabigsound,“Nick,seewhatIbringyou.”Nickrushedoutoftheroom,seeinghisfatheropeningthedoorwithanicebaginhishand,lookingtired.Asscheduled,theyhadawonderfultime.Lookingathishappyson,thefatherthoughtthatmoneycan’tbuyeverything.【解析】【分析】本文以一个10岁小男孩和父亲的谈话为线索展开，孩子渴望和父亲在一起，但是父亲忙于生意。于是男孩问父亲每天挣多少钱，他拿钱想买和父亲在一起的时间，父亲最后受到教育的故事。【详解】1.段落续写①由第一段首句内容“父亲说不出话来”可知，第一段可描写儿子的行动打动了父亲。②由第二段首句内容“和父亲约定的时间就要结束了”可知，第二段可描写父亲受到教育，给孩子带来礼物，以及他的感悟。2.续写线索：看到钱——惊讶——内疚——陪孩子——送礼物——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①无语：bespeechless/insilence②哭泣：intears/crying ③.内疚：withguilt/withcomponction情绪类①.高兴：feelhappy/feelpleased②.看起来疲倦：looktired/lookexhausted【点睛】[高分句型1].Hearingwhathisfathersaid，thesonfelthappyandwenttoschool．(现分词作状语）[高分句型2].Nickcouldn’twaittogooutdoorsandfindwherehisfatherwasandwhetherhecameback．(由where和whether引导的宾语从句）听力答案：1-5ABCAC6-10ABACB11-15BACCA16-20BBCAC