贵州省遵义市2021-2022学年高一英语上学期期末试卷（Word版附解析）

2021～2022学年秋季高一期末考试英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whattimeisitnow?A.9:10am.B.9:50am.C.10:00am.2.Howmuchdoesabuffetmealcostat7:00pm?A.$5.B.$8.C.$10.3.Whendidthemandecidetoplaybasketball?A.Monday.B.Thursday.C.Friday.4.Wheredoesthismanwanttohavealunch?A.Inarestaurantdownstairs.B.InCityBar.C.Inanicecafe.5.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Anairhostess.B.Arestaurantwaitress.C.Asecretary.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atabusstop.B.Inthebank.C.Inapostoffice.7.Whatwillthemandonext?A.HewilltakeNo.36bus.B.Hewillwalktothezoo.C.HewilltakeNo.301bus.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatwillthegirldotonight?A.Seeamovie.B.Gooverherlessons.C.Attendanexam.9.WhatdoweknowaboutMissSmith?A.Sheisthegirl’sfavoriteteacher.B.Shetalksquicklyandseldomrepeatsthings.C.SheteachesEnglish.10.Whohateshistory? A.Thewoman.B.Jim.C.Theman.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.HowdoesthemanlikelearningChinese?A.It’seasierandeasier.B.It’smoreandmoreinteresting.C.It’sasdifficultaslearningEuropeanlanguages.12.Whatarethewoman’sdifficultiesinlearningEnglish?A.Spellingandpronunciation.B.Writingandlistening.C.Spellingandwriting.13.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthewoman’sspokenEnglish?A.Poor.B.Strange.C.Good.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatdoesthewomansayabouttheswimmingpool?AItwassmall.B.Itwasnoisy.C.Itwasexpensive.15.Whywasthewomanunwillingtostayinthecafe?A.Itwasnotclean.B.Theservicewasbad.C.Shehadanappointment.16.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodorightnow?A.Playtennis.B.Swimintheriver.C.Gotoaclub.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Wholivesonthewestsideofthestreet?A.Anoldwoman.B.Abrotherandasister.C.Afamilyoffive.18.Whydothepeopleinthewhitehousegotosleepearly?A.Theyhavechildren.B.Theyhaveearlyjobs.C.Theyhavehealthproblems.19.Whenwillthespeakerplantostopmakingnoise?A.By9:00pm.B.By10:00pm.C.By11:00pm.20.What’stheplanforthepartyat8:30pm?A.Therewillbegames.B.Therewillbeamovie.C.Therewillbefoodserved.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourSeasonalBest-SellersOnlineAreyouamongtheparentswhoareseekingbooksforyourchildrenduringthecomingwintervacation?Thefollowingseasonalbest-sellersmaybeonyourlistofchoices.SaltSalt,inwhichHelenFrosttellsastoryaboutfriendshipbetweenAnikwaandJames,wassetinatimeofwar.AnikwaandJamesspenttheirhappydaystogetherintheforestsoftheIndiana Territoryuntilfacingthecruelwar.Asachildren’sliterature,itwasonceconsideredasaKirkusReviewsBestBookin2013.NowNowwassetinthepresentday.ThisisthefinalbookinMorrisGleitzman’sseriesthatbeganwithOnce,continuedwithThenandNow.Inthenovel,Felix,asuccessfulmanwithpainfulmemoriesofhischildhoodrecallshistimewithhisgranddaughterZelda.Ithasbeenpopularwithteenagerssinceitcameout.NowisoneofKirkusReviewsBestChildren’sBooksof2012.GreenDie-cut(模切的)pagesbringsurpriseaftersurpriseinthismagicalnewbook.Howmanykindsofgreenarethereintheworld?LauraVaccaroSeegershapesarespecttoasinglecolorthatwilldelightandquitepossiblyshockyou.GreenwasconsideredasKirkusReviewsBestChildren’sBookof2012anda2013CaldecottHonorBook.HolesInthiswonderfullycreativenovelLouisSacharmakesupapuzzleaboutStanleyYelnats,aboywhowassenttojuveniledetentioncenter(少年管教中心)CampGreenLake,andforcedtodigaholeaday,fivefeetacrossinthehardearthofthedried-uplakebed.Itisadarklyhumoroustale.ThebookwinstheWinneroftheNationalBookAwardandwasoneofthebestsellersamongchildren.1.WhoistheauthorofthebookSalt?A.HelenFrost.B.Anikwa.C.StanleyYelnats.D.LouisSachar.2.WhatdoweknowaboutthebookGreen?A.Ittellsaseriousbutfunnystory.B.Itdescribesdifferentkindsofonecolor.C.Ittalksaboutfriendshipintheperiodofwar.D.ItisoneoftheseriesbyLauraVaccaroSeeger.3.Whatdothefourbooksinthetexthaveincommon?A.Theyaresetinmoderntimes.B.Theysharethesamehonoraseachother.C.Theydon’tsellaswellasfirstpublished.D.Theirreadersaremostlychildren.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。介绍了四本适合儿童的季节性线上畅销书。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Salt段落下的“Salt,inwhichHelenFrosttellsastoryaboutfriendshipbetweenAnikwaandJames,wassetinatimeofwar.(在《盐》这本书中，HelenFrost 讲述了发生在战争时期的关于Anikwa和James之间友谊的故事)”可知，《盐》这本书的作者是HelenFrost。故选A。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据Green段落下的“Howmanykindsofgreenarethereintheworld?LauraVaccaroSeegershapesarespecttoasinglecolorthatwilldelightandquitepossiblyshockyou.(世界上有多少种绿色？LauraVaccaroSeeger塑造了这一单一颜色的细节，这会让你感到高兴和震惊)”可知，作者对单一的绿色做了详细的描写，结合前面的问句可推知，本书中将绿色分出了不同的种类。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Areyouamongtheparentswhoareseekingbooksforyourchildrenduringthecomingwintervacation?Thefollowingseasonalbest-sellersmaybeonyourlistofchoices.(在即将到来的寒假里，你也是为孩子们找书的父母之一吗？以下季节性畅销书可能会出现在你的选择清单中)”可推知，后文推荐的四本书都是适合孩子读的书。故选D。【点睛】BItwasJenniferWilliams’motherwhogotherinterestedinbooks.Asalibrarian,Williams’motherreadtoherthreechildreneveryday.“Fromwhenwehadn’tgonetokindergarten,”Williamstoldvadogwood.com,alocalnewssite,“untilwewenttocollege.”WhenWilliams,whoisnow54,becameanelementaryschoolteacherandtutorinDanville,Virginia,shewantedherstudentstobefallinginlovewithreadingjustasshehad.Butearlyon,sherealizedthatsomekidshadlittlechancetogetenoughbookstoread.ToWilliams,thesolutionwassimple:givekidsbooks.In2017,shedonated(捐赠)900usedchildren’sbooksoverthreedays.“Iwantedtodosomethingthat’sgoingtocontinuemyfaith,”shesaid.Soshestartedanewprojectforherself:giveawayonemillionbooks.Itsoundslikeanunreachablenumber,butasWilliamspostedonFacebook:“Don’tcomplaininthestandifyouaren’twillingtoworkhardoutonthefield.”Shegottowork,firstbypersuadingherfriendstodonatebooksormoneytobuybooks.Beforelong,asnewsofWilliams’projectspread,strangersstartedleavingvarietiesofbooksonherfrontwalkway.Asquicklyasthebookscamein,Williamsgavethemtolocalschoolsfreeofcharge—andalsosupplies41,000bookstolittlefreelibrariesaroundthecityjustovertheNorthCarolinaborder.Shealsohostedabookclubforprisonersinthelocalprison.Inthefouryearsshe’sbeendoingallthis.TheBookLady,asWilliamshascometobecelebrated,hasgivenawaymorethan78,000books—only922,000moretoreachhergoal!Andshe’snotslowingdown.“Readingcantakeyouanywhere,”shetoldCNN.“Youcantravelintimeandspace.Ifyoucanread,youcanlearnalmostanything.”4.WhatmadeWilliamsdecidetogiveawaybooks? A.Thedesireforbeingfamous.B.Hermother’sfaithinreading.C.Therequirementofteaching.D.Theshortageofkids’books.5.WhatdidWilliamsdotoencouragepeopletoread?A.Shegaveallthebookscollectedtolocalschools.B.Shepersuadedherfriendstodonateonlymoney.C.Sheinvitedstrangerstoleavebooksinherhouse.D.Shehostedabookclublocallyforprisoners.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“celebrated”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Positive.B.Serious.C.Famous.D.Proud.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesJenniferWilliams?A.Humorousandconfident.B.Kindandinfluential.C.Curiousandprofessional.D.Independentandsmart.【答案】4.D5.D6.C7.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位教师因深受母亲影响而喜爱读书，为了让更多的人爱上读书，她启动了捐赠图书的项目的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Butearlyon,sherealizedthatsomekidshadlittlechancetogetenoughbookstoread.”（但在早期，她意识到一些孩子很少有机会获得足够的书来阅读。）可知，因为孩子们没有机会读书，因此Williams决定把书都捐出去。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“Shealsohostedabookclubforprisonersinthelocalprison.”（她也在当地的监狱为囚犯创办了一个读书俱乐部。）可知，Williams通过为当地的监狱创办读书俱乐部来鼓励人们阅读。故选D。【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据最后一段第二句“TheBookLady,asWilliamshascometobecelebrated”（Williams被称为“书籍夫人”，被人们广为赞颂）可知，Williams已经以“BookLady”而闻名。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。最后一段第二句提到“TheBookLady,asWilliamshascometobecelebrated,hasgivenawaymorethan78,000books—only922,000moretoreachhergoal!”（“书籍夫人”已经捐出了78000多本书——仅再捐出922000本书就能实现她的目标!）。最后一段倒数第二句提到““Readingcantakeyouanywhere,”shetoldCNN.“Youcantravelintimeandspace.Ifyoucanread,youcanlearnalmostanything.””（“阅读可以带你去任何地方，”她告诉CNN。“你可以在时间和空间中旅行。如果你会阅读，你几乎可以学到任何东西。”）Williams捐赠 了很多书，让很多人爱上读书。同时，她的事迹也被有影响力的媒体进行了报道，说明这一举动不仅体现了她的大方，而且她的做法也是有影响力的。故选B。【点睛】CPeopleuselaughtertoconnectandbondwithothers.It’showwetellfriendsthatwefindtheirjokesfunny,orhowkidsinaparkshowthattheyarehavingfun.Laughterissoimportanttohumans,eveniftheybelongtodifferentculturesorspeakdifferentlanguages.Whataboutanimals?Scientistsarestudyingifthereisaconnectionbetweenanimals’laughingandplaying.SashaWinkler,fromtheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles(UCLA),studiesbiologicalanthropology(人类学)，includingthestudyofanimalbehavior.Shenoticedthatthesmallmonkeyssheworkedwith,likedtoplaytogetherbychasingeachother.Whilehavingfuntogether,theymadepanting(喘气)sounds,almostliketheywereoutofbreath,whichremindedWinkleroftheirquietlaughter.ThismadeWinklerwonderwhetherotheranimalsdidsowhiletheywereplaying.Tofindoutwhetherotheranimalslaughandplay,WinklerteamedupwithanotherscientistnamedGregBryant,aprofessorandvicechairintheDepartmentofCommunicationatUCLA.Together,theyfoundandreaddozensofreportswrittenbyotherscientistswhostudyanimals.WinklerandBryantlookedforanymentionsinanyanimalofsoundsignalinglikethepantingofthemonkeysduringtheirplaying.InApril2021,WinklerandBryantpublishedtheirfindingsinasciencejournal.Throughtheirresearch,theyidentified65speciesorgroupsofanimals,whichlaughwhileplaying.Theanimalsthatlaughthemostincludeprimates(灵长类)likemonkeysandapes,rodents(啮齿动物)likerats,andmammalsthatliveintheoceanlikedolphins.Theirworkwon’tonlyhelpusunderstandanimalsbetterbutitcouldalsohelpusunderstandhowhumansdeveloporchangeovertime.Next,theywillcarryonmorestudytofindmore.8.Whatisthefunctionofparagraph1?A.Toconcludethemainidea.B.Toputforwardthetopic.C.Toofferthesupportingevidences.D.Toaddthebackgroundinformation.9.Whatarethesmallmonkeyslikewhentheyarehavingfun?A.Theycanhardlybreathe.B.Theytendtolaughseparately.C.Theylaughatalowsound.D.Theydon’tlaughatall.10.WhatdoweknowaboutWinklerandBryant’sstudy?A.Itisgreatprogressinthestudyofanimalsandhumans.B.Itisonlybasedonthefindingsinasciencejournal. C.Over65groupsofanimalslaughwhileplaying.D.Theydotheresearchonlybystudyingprimatesandrodents.11.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Science.B.Education.C.Health.D.Entertainment.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了Winkler和Bryant对于动物的笑与玩耍之间联系的科学研究。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段后两句“Whataboutanimals?Scientistsarestudyingifthereisaconnectionbetweenanimals’laughingandplaying.(动物们是怎样的呢？科学家们正在研究动物的笑与玩耍之间是否有联系)”可知，第一段前面所陈述的人类的笑所起到的作用是为了引出本文探讨的主题：对于动物的笑与玩耍之间联系的研究。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“Whilehavingfuntogether,theymadepanting(喘气)sounds,almostliketheywereoutofbreath,whichremindedWinkleroftheirquietlaughter.(当一起玩得高兴时，它们会发出喘气的声音，就像喘不过气似的，这使Winkler想起了它们不出声的笑)”可知，小猩猩们在玩耍时会低声笑。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二和三句“Theirworkwon’tonlyhelpusunderstandanimalsbetterbutitcouldalsohelpusunderstandhowhumansdeveloporchangeovertime.(他们的工作不仅能帮助我们更好地了解动物，还能帮助我们了解人类是如何随着时间的推移而发展变化的)”可知，Winkler和Bryant的研究有重要意义，是关于动物和人类研究的重大进展。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。本文主要讲述了Winkler和Bryant对于动物的笑与玩耍之间联系的科学研究，结合第一段最后一句“Scientistsarestudyingifthereisaconnectionbetweenanimals’laughingandplaying.(科学家们正在研究动物的笑与玩耍之间是否有联系)”推知，文章最可能出自报纸的科学版块。故选A。DWintercanusuallykillmostwildfires.ButinthefarNorth，someforestfiresjustdon’tdie.Theyarethoughtofas“zombie(僵尸)fires”.“Zombiefires”usuallysleepundergroundinwinter.Coveredbysnow,theysmokethroughthecold.Fueledbycarbon-richpeat(泥炭)andsoilintheNorth,mostofthesehiddenfiresspread slowlyforlessthan500metersduringthewinter.Whenspringcomes,theflames(火焰)ofthefiresappearnearsitesthattheyburnedinwinter,andtheyturntoburningfreshfuelsaround.ThismayhappenwellbeforethetraditionalfireseasoninthefarNorth.“Zombiefires”hadbeenknownmostlyfromfirefighters’stories.Fewscientistsstudiedthemuntildetailsinsomesatelliteimagesattractedoneresearchteam.RebeccaScholten,amemberoftheteam,studiesearthsystemsatVrijeUniversityAmsterdamintheNetherlands.Herteamnoticedanunusualthing.“Newfireshavebeenstartingveryclosetotheformeryears’firesinrecentyears，andwewonderhowoftenthefiresmightsurvivethewinter,”Scholtenexplains.These“zombiefires”arerarelyseenbefore,accordingtoanewstudyfromNature.Butinrecentyears,theyarebecomingmorecommon,thestudywarns.Itisbelievedthatthe“zombiefires”areevenontheroadofbeingathreat.ForestsinthefarNortharewarmingfasterthantheglobe’saverage(平均数).Scholtensays,“We’reseeingmorehotsummersandmorelargefiresandstrongburning.Thatcouldsetthestageforthefirestobecomeabiggerproblem,”sheworries.Andtheregion’ssoilsholdalotofcarbon—maybetwiceasmuchasearth’satmosphere.Morefiresherecouldgiveoffhugeamountsofgreenhousegases.Thatwoulddriveacycleofmorewarmingandevenhigherriskoffires.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“zombiesfires”inthefarNorth?A.Theywillcompletelydieoutinwinter.B.Carbon-richpeathelpsthemburnslowlyinwinter.C.Theyoftenhappenafterthetraditionalfireseason.D.Theirflamescanonlyappearinspring.13.WhatcanweinferfromScholten’swordsinparagraph3?A.“Zombiefires”appearearlierthantheyearsbefore.B.“Zombiefires”happenfarfromformeryears’fires.C.“Zombiefires”happenmorefrequentlythanbefore.D.“Zombiefires”appearindifferentshapeseveryyear.14.Whatwasacauseofbeingathreatforthe“zombiefires”?A.Theglobalwarmingisslowingdown.B.Thehotsummersarelessandlessseen.C.Thearea’ssoilsareshortofcarbon.D.Moregreenhousegasesaregivenoff.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhereAre“ZombieFires”From?B.Are“ZombieFires”Frightening?C.PayAttentionTo“ZombieFires”! D.“ZombieFires”AreCausedByHumans!【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.C【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述“僵尸火”的相关信息，并警示大家要小心。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Fueledbycarbon-richpeat(泥炭)andsoilintheNorth,mostofthesehiddenfiresspreadslowlyforlessthan500metersduringthewinter.”（由泥炭和北极的土壤为燃料，大部分被藏起来的野火在冬天会慢慢蔓延接近500米远的距离。）可知，泥炭是“僵尸火”在冬天的燃料，帮助它在冬天慢慢燃烧。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Newfireshavebeenstartingveryclosetotheformeryears’firesinrecentyears”（近年来，新的火灾已经开始，非常接近前几年的火灾）可知，在Scholten看来，“僵尸火”比以前多了。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Itisbelievedthatthe“zombiefires”areevenontheroadofbeingathreat.”（人们相信“僵尸火”甚至会成为一个威胁。）和“Morefiresherecouldgiveoffhugeamountsofgreenhousegases.Thatwoulddriveacycleofmorewarmingandevenhigherriskoffires.”（这里更多的火灾会释放大量的温室气体。这将造成更多的温室气体循环和甚至更大的火灾的危险。）可知，“僵尸火”成为威胁的原因是它会释放大量的温室气体。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Itisbelievedthatthe“zombiefires”areevenontheroadofbeingathreat.”（人们相信“僵尸火”甚至会成为一个威胁。）可知，这篇文章是在警示大家，“僵尸火”对人类是个威胁，所以要小心。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Tokeepsocialdistancingandworkathomeduringthepandemic(流行病)hasledtolesstimemovingaround,andmoretimesittingandlookingatscreens.Formanyofficeworkers,workingathomemeansspendinghourssittingatourdesk.____16____.Therefore,exerciseexpertssuggestthingsmustbechanged.Sometipsherearetohelpyoumovemore.StartsmallPeopletryingtostartexercisingoftengetcaughtupinan“allornothing”thinkingwhichmeanseitherIdozeroorIdotwohours.AndifIdon’tgettwohours,thenitdoesn’tcount,orit’snotgoodenough.____17____.Goingfromnoactivityatalltoevenalittlebitwillindeedget somehealtheffects.____18____Partofdevelopingagoodexercisehabitistoknowyourselfwell.Knowingwhat’spossibleandwhat’snotrealisticforyou.Forinstance,ifyou’renotamorningperson,don’tplantoexerciseinthemorning.Andifyouhaterunning,don’trunjustbecausesomeonetellsyouit’sgoodforyou.____19____.Arrangingwithafriendtoworkoutwillhelpyouavoidstrugglingtogetstarted.WalkwheneveryoucanSittinglessandwalkingmorewillmakeabigdifference.Useyourstairsinsteadofanelevator.Andifyoudon’thavetogoout,justwalkroomtoroombackandforthtogetthoseextrasteps.Ifyouhaveameeting,usethebreakofthatmeetingtowalkaround.____20____A.MakesuretoknowyourselfwellB.ChooseasuitabletimeforyourselfC.AllthesestepswillcountandbehelpfulD.That’sagreatplaceforeverybodytowalkE.ButfiveminutesisbelievedtobebetterthannoneF.AnditisruiningourhealthphysicallyandmentallyG.Youcanthinkofpossiblewaysforyoutostartorstickto【答案】16.F17.E18.A19.G20.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就新冠疫情期间，我们在家里如何锻炼提出了一些建议。【详解】1.由上文“Tokeepsocialdistancingandworkathomeduringthepandemic(流行病)hasledtolesstimemovingaround,andmoretimesittingandlookingatscreens.Formanyofficeworkers,workingathomemeansspendinghourssittingatourdesk.”(在流感大流行期间，保持社会距离和在家工作的做法，导致人们活动的时间减少，更多的时间坐着看屏幕。对于许多办公室职员来说，在家工作意味着在办公桌前坐上好几个小时。)可知，新冠肺炎导致人们在家工作，意味着在办公桌前坐上好几个小时，活动时间减少。结合下文“Therefore,exerciseexpertssuggestthingsmustbechanged.”(因此，运动专家建议，必须改变一些东西。)可知，运动专家建议我们要对此做出改变，所以可以推断出，空处应该是承上启下，即人们在家办公，在办公桌前坐上好几个小时，活动时间减少，这会对人们有害，所以我们要对此做出改变，F选项“Anditisruiningourhealthphysicallyandmentally”(它正在摧毁我们的身心健康)符合，和下文构成因果关系，故选F。2.由上文“AndifIdon’tgettwohours.thenitdoesn’tcount,orit’snotgoodenough.”(如果我锻炼达不到两个小时，那么锻炼就没有意义，或者这样锻炼不足够好。)和下文“Going fromnoactivityatalltoevenalittlebitwillindeedgetsomehealtheffects.”(从根本不活动到哪怕一点点都会对健康产生一些影响。)可知，空前指出一些人认为长时间的锻炼才有用，短时间的锻炼没有用，空后指出哪怕一点点的活动也有用，所以可以推断出，空处应该是和上文构成转折关系，同时引起下文，E选项“Butfiveminutesisbelievedtobebetterthannone”(但是五分钟的锻炼也比不锻炼好)符合，故选E。3.该空是本段的标题。根据下文“Partofdevelopingagoodexercisehabitistoknowyourselfwell.Knowingwhat’spossibleandwhat’snotrealisticforyou.”(养成良好的锻炼习惯的一部分就是要了解自己。知道什么是可能的，什么是不现实的。)可知，本段主要讲我们要了解自己，A选项“Makesuretoknowyourselfwell”(确保你很了解自己)符合，故选A。4.由下文“Arrangingwithafriendtoworkoutwillhelpyouavoidstrugglingtogetstarted.”(和一个朋友去健身，可以帮助你避免开始锻炼的挣扎。)可知，此处用具体例子指出开始锻炼时要和朋友一起去健身，这样能避免你开始做锻炼的那种挣扎，所以可以推断出空处应该是对下文进行具体概括，G项“Youcanthinkofpossiblewaysforyoutostartorstickto”(你可以想出一些可能的办法让你开始或坚持下去)符合，引起下文，其中“start”和下文“getstarted”相呼应，故选G。5.由上文“Andifyoudon’thavetogoout,justwalkroomtoroombackandforthtogetthoseextrasteps.Ifyouhaveameeting,usethebreakofthatmeetingtowalkaround.”(如果你不需要出门，就在一个房间里走来走去，多走几步。如果你要开会，利用会议休息时间到处走走。)可知，此处指我们要多走走，这样对身体有好处，空处应该是承接上文，对上文内容做出解释，即我们为什么要多走走，C选项“Allthesestepswillcountandbehelpful.”(你走的这些步子都是有用的。)符合，故选C。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ThesecondSundayinMayisavolunteerdayinmyneighborhood.Lastyear,myneighborsandIdecidedto____21____inthecancerward(病房)attheRoyalChildren’sHospital.AsChildren’sDaywascoming,thehospitalwantedustomakesome____22____withchildren.Thedaybeforewewenttothehospital,manyofuswerefeelingquite____23____.Wedidn’tknowhowwewouldreactwhenseeingthosesick____24____.Aswewerepreparingmorningteaforthem,I____25____someneighborstomakechocolatebreadandcandiesatmyhome.Wearrivedearlyatthehospitalandweregreeted____26____bythestaff—itwas____27____toknowthattheywerewelcomingusandthebrightnesswewouldoffer.Ourfirst____28____wastooffermorningteatothechildrenwhoseemedabitshy—itseemedthat nothingbrokethe____29____betterthancandies!Itwasthentimetostartmakingcards—webroughtcrayons,glueandshinythingsto____30____thechildren!Wetalkedwiththemandhelpedthemmakecards.Itwassurprisingthatour____31____immediatelywentaway.Althoughtheywereseriouslyill,theywere____32____.Mostofthemchosetousebrightcolorsastheybelievedtheywouldbe____33____soon.Foratime,weeven____34____theywereill.Weleftthehospitalwhenitwasdark.Althoughweweretired,wewerehappytosee____35____onthosechildren’sfaces.21.A.exchangeB.volunteerC.recoverD.live22.A.cakesB.cardsC.toysD.soccers23.A.annoyedB.tiredC.relaxedD.nervous24.A.childrenB.neighborsC.friendsD.athletes25.A.warnedB.forcedC.forbadeD.asked26.A.quietlyB.warmlyC.equallyD.secretly27.A.worryingB.disappointingC.confusingD.encouraging28.A.tryB.experimentC.jobD.goal29.A.lawB.promiseC.iceD.record30.A.exciteB.educateC.touchD.frighten31.A.luckB.dreamC.stressD.joy32.A.limitedB.traditionalC.positiveD.confident33.A.youngerB.betterC.worseD.cooler34.A.believedB.foundC.doubtedD.forgot35.A.smilesB.tearsC.painD.anxiety【答案】21.B22.B23.D24.A25.D26.B27.D28.C29.C30.A31.C32.C33.B34.D35.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在皇家儿童医院的癌症病房做志愿者的经历。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年，我和邻居们决定去皇家儿童医院的癌症病房做志愿者。A.exchange交换；B.volunteer志愿做；C.recover恢复；D.live生活，居住。根据前文可知，五月的第二个星期日是作者社区的志愿者日，所以作者和邻居们决定去皇家儿童医院的癌症病房做志愿者。故选B。【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：六一儿童节快到了，医院要我们和孩子们一起做一些卡片。A.cakes蛋糕；B.cards卡片；C.toys玩具；D.soccers足球。根据倒数第二段“Itwasthentimetostartmakingcards”的提示可知，医院要作者他们和孩子们做卡片。故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在去医院的前一天，我们中的许多人都感到非常紧张。A.annoyed生气的；B.tired疲倦的；C.relaxed放松的；D.nervous紧张的。根据后文“Wedidn’tknowhowwewouldreact”可知，作者他们因为紧张而不知道面对生病的孩子们时该如何表现。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们不知道看到那些生病的孩子会有什么反应。A.children儿童；B.neighbors邻居；C.friends朋友；D.athletes运动员。由前文可知，作者去的是儿童医院，所以此处指生病的孩子。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们为他们准备早茶时，我请了一些邻居在我家做巧克力面包和糖果。A.warned警告；B.forced强迫；C.forbade禁止；D.asked请求。根据后文“someneighborstomakechocolatebreadandcandiesatmyhome.”可知，只有“asked请求”符合句意要求，作者请求邻居们做一些巧克力面包和糖果。故选D。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们很早就到了医院，并受到了工作人员的热情欢迎——得知他们在欢迎我们以及我们将提供的服务，我们感到很受鼓舞。A.quietly安静地；B.warmly热情地；C.equally平等地；D.secretly秘密地。根据句中的greeted可知，“warmly热情地”符合句意，作者他们受到了热情地欢迎。故选B。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们很早就到了医院，并受到了工作人员热情欢迎——得知他们在欢迎我们以及我们将提供的服务，我们感到很受鼓舞。A.worrying令人担忧的；B.disappointing令人失望的；C.confusing令人困惑的；D.encouraging鼓舞人心的。根据前文可知，作者他们受到了热烈欢迎，再想到将要提供的志愿服务，作者感到备受鼓舞。故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们要做的第一件事是给孩子们提供早茶，他们看起来有点害羞——似乎没有什么比糖果更能打破僵局了!A.try尝试；B.experiment实验；C.job工作，事情；D.goal目标。根据“ourfirst”可知，给孩子们提供早茶是作者他们要做的第一件事。故选C。【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们要做的第一件事是给孩子们提供早茶，他们看起来有点害羞——似乎没有什么比糖果更能打破僵局了!A.law法律；B.promise承诺；C.ice冰；D.record记录。由空前“whoseemedabitshy”可知，孩子们有点害羞，比较拘谨，而孩子们都喜欢的糖果打破了僵局，breaktheice表示“打破僵局；使气氛轻松”。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后是制作卡片的时间了——我们带了蜡笔、胶水和亮闪闪的东西来激发孩子们的热情！A.excite使兴奋，激发；B.educate教育；C.touch接触；D.frighten使害怕。根据前文中“crayons,glueandshinythings”可知，这些东西是用来激发孩子们的热情的。故选A。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，我们的压力立刻消失了。A.luck运气；B.dream梦想；C.stress压力；D.joy欢乐。根据前文可知，作者来医院之前感到紧张，有压力，做卡片时，孩子们的兴奋劲儿，使得作者他们的压力消失了。故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管他们都病得很重，但他们都是乐观的。A.limited有限的；B.traditional传统的；C.positive积极的；D.confident自信的。根据句意和后文中的“brightcolors”可知，虽然病得严重，孩子们还是积极乐观的。故选C。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大多数人选择了明亮颜色，因为他们相信自己很快就会好起来。A.younger更年轻的；B.better更好的；C.worse更差的；D.cooler更酷的。由前文孩子们选用明亮的色彩和积极的态度可知，孩子们相信自己会好起来的。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时，我们甚至忘记他们生病了。A.believed相信；B.found发现；C.doubted怀疑；D.forgot忘记。根据做卡片时孩子们兴奋的表情，以及对将来美好的期望可知，作者他们甚至忘记他们生病了。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们很累，但我们很高兴看到孩子们脸上的笑容。A.smiles微笑；B.tears眼泪；C.pain痛苦；D.anxiety焦虑。根据前文孩子们兴奋的表情和对将来美好的期待可知，作者他们离开时，看到孩子们脸上是有高兴的笑容的。故选A。【点睛】第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。DongtingLake,thesecond____36____(large)freshwaterlakeinChina,hasbeenknownforbeinghometofishesandmammalssinceancienttimes.Theyreachedherealongtheflowofthe rivertoliveandproduceyoung,givinglocalfishermenincludingHeDamingcountless____37____(nature)gifts.Inthe1980s,there____38____(be)morethan120speciesoffishintheLake.However,illegalsandminingcoupledwithmanyshipssailingintheareaaffectedthelakeecosystem____39____illegalpowergrids(电网)begantoappeararoundthearea.Asaresult,fisheryresourcesintheLakecontinuedtobereducing,____40____threatenedtheecologyofDongtingLake.Itwasaroundthistimethatthenumberoffinlessporpoises(江豚)thatusedtobecommoninthelakedropped____41____(clear).HeDaminggatheredsomeofhisfellowfishermen____42____(discuss)thesituationandevenrequiredthemtostopfishing.Inaddition,theysetupanecologicalprotection____43____(organize).Alotofwell-educatedyoungpeoplealsojoinedit.From2020on,asfishingwasnotallowedinkeyareasoftheYangtzeRiverbasin,includingDongtingLake,manyfishermenhavegraduallygivenupfishingandtakenupjobsinmanyother____44____(industry).Thankstotheirefforts,DongtingLakeecologyhastakenon____45____completenewlooksofar.【答案】36.largest37.natural38.were39.and40.which41.clearly42.todiscuss43.organization44.industries45.a【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了中国第二大淡水湖——洞庭湖，自古以来就是鱼类和哺乳动物的家园，但是由于非法采砂，船只在湖泊内停泊，以及非法电网等问题，导致湖泊渔业资源持续减少，威胁着洞庭湖的生态环境。后来渔民们开始拯救湖泊，他们成立了生态保护组织，由于他们的努力，洞庭湖生态目前已经呈现出一个全新的面貌。【详解】1.考查形容词最高级。句意：洞庭湖是中国第二大淡水湖，自古以来就是鱼类和哺乳动物的家园。根据句意可知，此处表示“第二大的”应用large(大的)最高级，故填largest。2.考查形容词。句意：他们沿着河流来到这里生活和繁衍后代，给当地的渔民，包括何大明，带来了无数的天然礼物。此处应用形容词natural修饰名词gifts(礼物)，作定语，表示“天然的”，故填natural。3.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在20世纪80年代，湖里有超过120种鱼。由时间标志词 Inthe1980s(20世纪80年代)可知，句子描述的是过去的事，应用一般过去时，且therebe句型中，be动词的数与其后名词的数保持一致，be动词后面的名词morethan120speciesoffish(超过120种鱼)是复数，所以此处应用were，故填were。4.考查连词。句意：然而，非法采砂和许多船只在该地区航行影响了湖泊生态系统，同时非法电网开始出现在该地区。空前句子“illegalsandminingcoupledwithmanyshipssailingintheareaaffectedthelakeecosystem”(非法采砂和许多船只在该地区航行影响了湖泊生态系统)和空后句子“illegalpowergrids(电网)begantoappeararoundthearea.”(非法电网开始出现在该地区)是并列关系，所以应用并列连词and连接起来，故填and。5.考查定语从句。句意：结果，湖泊渔业资源持续减少，威胁着洞庭湖的生态环境。分析句子结构可知，“_______threatenedtheecologyofDongtingLake.”是非限定性定语从句，先行词是“fisheryresourcesintheLakecontinuedtobereducing”(湖泊渔业资源持续减少)空前这个句子，指物，所以此处应用which来引导，故填which。6.考查副词。句意：大约就在这个时候，湖中常见的江豚数量明显减少。动词dropped(下降)应用副词clearly来修饰，意为“明显地”，故填clearly。7.考查非谓语动词。句意：何大明召集了一些渔民来讨论这个问题，甚至要求他们停止捕鱼。空处是非谓语动词做目的状语，表示“为了讨论”，应用不定式todiscuss做目的状语，故填todiscuss。8.考查名词。句意：此外，他们还成立了一个生态保护组织。由前面的冠词an可知，此处应用名词organization，意为“组织”，做setup(建立)的宾语，故填organization。9.考查可数名词单复数。句意：从2020年开始，包括洞庭湖在内的重点长江流域禁止捕鱼，所以许多渔民逐渐放弃了捕鱼，转而从事许多其他行业的工作。此处应用名词做介词in的宾语，且由many(许多)可知，此处应用industry的复数形式industries，故填industries。10.考查冠词。句意：由于他们的努力，洞庭湖生态目前已经呈现出一个全新的面貌。Look是名词表示“面貌”，且为可数名词，此处表示“一个全新的面貌”，应用冠词来修饰，且complete(完全的)发音不是以元音音素开头的，应用a而非an，故填a。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，你的外国好友Lily最近成绩下降明显。请你用英语写封邮件，给她提些建议，内容包括：1.保持良好的心态；2.制定合理的学习计划；3.多向老师和同学求助。注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearLily,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearLily,I’msorrytoknowthatyouhavegottenlowgradesrecently.Butdon’tworryaboutittoomuch.Now,letmesharesomesuggestionswithyou.Firstly,Ithinkit’simportanttohaveapositiveattitudetowardsstudy.Besides,youneedtomakegoodplansforyourstudy,whichwillhelpyouimproveyourgradeslittlebylittle.Lastbutnotleast,youshouldturntoyourteachersandclassmatesforhelpwhenyouhaveanydifficultyinstudy.Idohopemysuggestionswillbeofsomehelptoyou.Bestwishes!Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。要求考生给外国好友Lily写一封邮件，给她提些关于成绩下滑该如何改善的建议。【详解】1.词汇积累建议：suggestion→advice/proposal重要的：important→significant/vital提升：improve→promote/elevate困难：difficulty→trouble2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Now,letmesharesomesuggestionswithyou.拓展句：Now,letmesharesomesuggestionsthatIhopewillhelpyou.【点睛】[高分句型1]Besides,youneedtomakegoodplansforyourstudy,whichwillhelpyou improveyourgradeslittlebylittle.(运用which引导非限定性定语从句。)[高分句型2]Lastbutnotleast,youshouldturntoyourteachersandclassmatesforhelpwhenyouhaveanydifficultyinstudy.(运用when引导时间状语从句)第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。CompeanwasnostrangertoAngelesNationalForest.He’dhikedtheparknearhishomemanytimes.ButafterwalkingalonganewpathlastApril,the45-year-oldmanwaslost.Asthedaywasneardusk,hisconcernturnedtofearafterseveralhoursofaimlesswandering(游荡).Theareawasawildfield.Withnoflashlight,onlysomewaterandabarofchocolateinhisbackpack,andlessthantenpercentbatteryremainingonhiscellphone,Compeanwasunpreparedforanythingexceptthetwo-hourhikehe’dplanned.Compeanclimbedtoaplace,about7,000feetabovesealevel,wherehefoundatleastonebarofsignal(信号).“SOS.Myphoneisgoingtodie.I’mlost,”hetextedafriend,addingaphotoshowingwherehewas.Thephotoshowedhisdirtylegshangingoverlargerocksandplants.AllCompeancoulddothenwaswaitandhope.Thetemperaturewasdroppingfastandthewindswereblowing.DressedonlyinaT-shirt,shorts,andajacket,thehikerfeltextremelycold.Hehuggedhimselfintoatightball,usinghisbackpacktoshelterhislegsfromthecoldwinds.Buthewouldn’tsleep.Afterfindingtwomountainlionsandabear,hespentthenightsufferingfromstress,keepingabigstickandsomesharprocksbesidehimtostopananimaltocomeclose.SixtymilesawayinVenturaCounty,BenKuo,wasaloverofsatellitemaps(卫星地图)whichcouldhelpexactlylocatethingsorpersonsinsomeareas.HewasworkingathomewhenhereadatwitteronlinefromtheSheriff’sDepartment(警察局),showingaphotoofaman’slegs.TheSheriff’ssearch-and-rescueteamshadspentanightlookingforCompean.Unsuccessfully,theypostthephototothepublic,hopingsomeonemightknowthelocation.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Ben’sunusualhobbyhelpedfindwhereCompeanwas.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Therescue(救援)workersgotthereassoonaspossible.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Ben’sunusualhobbyhelpedfindwhereCompeanwas.Hehadalwayslovedlookingforwherephotosweretakenandalwaystriedtoidentifywheremoviescenesortelevisionshowswerefilmedbyusingasatellitemap.WhenhesawthephotoinwhichCompean’slegsaresurroundedbyanendlessrocksandplants,hequicklypulledupasatellitemaponhiscomputer.WiththehelpoftheSheriff’sDepartment,hefixedthenearbyarea.Thelocationmatched!Therescue(救援)workersgotthereassoonaspossible.ArescuehelicopterwasintheairaboveCompean.Afterspendingmorethan24hoursaloneinthewilderness,hewasfinallypulledsafelyintothehelicopter.Dayslater,Compeancouldn’twaittomeetBen.“Maybewe’llgoonahike,”Compeanjoked.Gettingserious,hetoldBen,“Ican’tbetoogratefultoyouforsavingmylife.WhataluckydogIam!”【解析】【分析】本文以事情发展的顺序为线索展开，讲述了45岁的Compean经常在家附近的Angeles国家公园散步，但是去年，他走了一条新路，于是迷路了。在漫无目的地游荡了几个小时后，他的背包里只有一些水和一块巧克力，而他的手机电量只剩下不到10%的电量。于是Compean爬到了大约海拔7000英尺的地方，在那里他找到了信号，给朋友发了一条求救短信和一张他双腿悬挂在巨大的岩石和植物上的照片。之后，他等待着救援。Ben喜欢卫星地图，他能够根据卫星图准确定位某些地区的物品或人员。他在推特上看到警察发布的一个男人双腿悬挂在巨大的岩石和植物上的照片，于是Ben利用自己的爱好，帮助警察找到了Compean，成功解救了他。随后Compean见到Ben向他表达了感谢。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“Ben不同寻常的爱好，帮助我们找到了Compeer。”可知，第一段可描写Ben看到照片后，利用自己的爱好，成功帮助警察找到Compeer所在的地点。②由第二段首句内容“救援人员尽快赶到了那里。”可知，第二段可描写救援人员赶到Compeer所在的地点，成功营救了Compeer，之后Compeer对Ben表达了感激之情。2.续写线索：Ben看到Compeer所拍的照片——Ben利用卫星图，找到Compeer所在的地点——救援人员赶到Compeer所在地——成功解救Compeer——Compeer被救出后，见到了Ben，表达了感激之情3.词汇激活行为类①寻找：lookfor/seek/search②拉：pull/drag情绪类①感谢的：begrateful/bethankful【点睛】[高分句型1]Hehadalwayslovedlookingforwherephotosweretakenandalwaystriedtoidentifywheremoviescenesortelevisionshowswerefilmedbyusingasatellitemap.（运 用了where引导的宾语从句）[高分句型2]WhenhesawthephotoinwhichCompean’slegsaresurroundedbyanendlessrocksandplants,hequicklypulledupasatellitemaponhiscomputer.（运用了which引导的限定性定语从句）听力答案1~5ACCBA6~10ACBAB11~15BACBA16~20BCCAB